2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 1



Project 6.1.1: Student Response Sheet

Introduction
Anna Garcia was only 38 when she died, meaning that at least one of her body
systems was no longer able to support life. The failure of one or more of her body
systems may be the result of injury due to an accident or could be the result of an
illness or a combination of illnesses. Before we can determine which system or
systems failed or what caused the failure which led to her death, we have to learn
more about the human body.

The human body is an amazing machine composed of many interrelated systems
which are in turn composed of cells, tissues, and organs that act independently and
interdependently within the body. No individual component of a human body works
alone. Components of each system in the body affect or interact with every other
system. The body is dependent upon the many interactions between all systems and
structures to maintain homeostasis and health. In this activity you will investigate the
different body systems that make up the human body and explore all of the ways
Annas various illnesses affected each body system, potentially resulting in her
premature death.

Procedure:

1. Look back in your course file and list all of the ways each body system was
impacted by the illness or disease Anna Garcia experienced in her life.
2. Reference Autopsy Reports, Medical Histories and past lab activities to help you
organize this information.
3. Record any evidence that shows how the illness or disease may have been
involved with her untimely death.
4. Be specific about relationships between body systems and illness. You will use
this chart to help construct your final timeline that explains how Anna died.
5. You will need to eventually upload this document to your e-portfolio under Annas
Cause of Death.










2013 Project Lead The Way,

Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 2


Part II: Annas Illnesses

Illnesses Effect on System (if applicable)

Diabetes Sickle Cell
Anemia
Heart Disease Urinary Tract
Infection
Cardiovascular









Hypertension-
Blood flow in
blood vessels
is greater than
wanted. Heart
has to work
harder.
Arteries can be
damaged.



Anemia- low
red blood cell
count

Sickled shape
of red blood
cells cause
clumping in the
blood vessel.

Pulmonary
hytertension-
the pressure in
the arteries of
the lungs
increases due
to a blood clot.

Ventricular
hypertrophy-
enlargement of
the left muscle
tissue. Caused
from high
blood
pressure.

Ventricular
tachycardia-
rapid heartbeat
that starts with
the ventricles.

Hyperchol-
esterolemia-
The LDL
receptors are
defective or
absent. LDL
levels
accumulate in
the body which
can block
blood vessels.

Urosepsis- The
bacteria travels
to the
bloodstream
causing blood
clots.
Digestive









Gastroparesis-
slows or stops
the food from
entering the
duodenum of
the small
intestine.
Vagus nerve is
damaged due
to high glugose
levels, and the
stomach
muscles stop
working
properly.
Bilirubin
gallstones -
sickle cells die
in 20 days;
liver breaks
down the
bilirubin; extra
bilirubin can
become a
gallstone in the
gallbladder


(bilirubin forms
bile)
The organs
that are part of
the digestive
system are not
supplied with
blood properly.
kidney
infection- the
kidneys will not
work properly
which will
transport
infected blood
to the digestive
organs.
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Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 3






Immune









The immune
response is
lower and
destroys
insulin
producing cells
within the
pancreas.
The immune
system is
weaker.
People are
highly
susceptible to
infections.
Damage of
heart muscle
caused by a
heart attack
causes the
immune cells
in the spleen to
accelerate
heart failure.
Increased
production of
lymphocytes (B
& T cells) and
antibodies
against the
bacteria;
Inflammatory
response (may
increase
additional UTI
and/or damage
to urinary tract
structures.

Sepsis-
overwhelming
immune
response to
infection. The
chemicals that
are released
cause
widespread
inflammation.
This leads to
organ damage
and death from
blood clots.
Nervous









Neuropathy-
high blood
glucose levels
damages blood
vessels that
nourish nerves.
Causes nerve
death.

Stroke- blood
clot blocks the
capillary and
the cells wont
be able to
obtain oxygen.
Stroke- blood
clot in the
capillary of the
brain. Deprives
brain from
oxygen.
Autonomic
nervous
system is
affected (by
diabetes) and
can cause
heart
problems.
The pathogen
can affect the
nerves.
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Inc.
PBS Project 6.1.1 Student Response Sheet Page 4

The brain cells
will die.

Respiratory









Kussmaul
breathing-
rapid or
laboured
breathing
caused from
ketoacidosis.
Acute chest
syndrome- not
enough
oxygen in the
lungs.
Narrow blood
vessels
decrease the
amount of
oxygen that
can pass
through.
The pathogen
can affect the
lungs
Urinary









Kidney
disease-
kidneys over
work when
altering too
much blood.
Causes it to
loose filtering
ability and
cause kidney
failure.
Ketones can
be produced
and come out
in the urine.
Kidney failure-
decrease
blood supply to
kidney
Bladder/
kidney
infections-
bacteria is
entered
through the
urethra

Sources Used:
Gastroparesis - American Diabetes Association. American Diabetes Association. Retrieved May 28,
2014, from http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/complications/gastroparesis.html
Kidney Failure: Symptoms, Signs, and Facts. MedicineNet. Retrieved May 28, 2014, from
http://www.medicinenet.com/kidney_failure/article.htm
Medical Health. (n.d.). Medical Health. Retrieved May 28, 2014, from
http://www.onmedicalhealth.com/breathing-respiration/what-is-kussmaul-respirations/
Respiratory System and Diabetes. Ketoacidosis & Kussmaul Breathing. Retrieved May 28, 2014,
from http://www.diabetes.co.uk/body/respiratory-system.html