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Gonomadhyam Sohayika : Jolobayu Poriborton Orthayon
(Media Toolkit on Climate Financing)
Published in January 2014
Published by Oxfam
House 4, Road 3, Block I, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
Phone : +880 2 8813607-9, Web : www.oxfam.org/bangladesh
www.oxfamblogs.org/bangladesh

ISBN: 978 984 33 6328 2

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cwicwZ 1988 mvj MwVZ nq BUviMfvbgUvj cvbj Ab KvBgU P
(AvBwcwmwm)| GB cvbji 1990 mvj cKvwkZ c_g cwZe`b fve
DjL Kiv nqQ h AevnZ wMbnvDR Mvm wbMgb Kgvbv me bv nj
cvKwZK wechq Aviv eo hve| AvRvwZK chvq GB mgmv gvKvejvi
Rb 1992 mvj evwRji wiIwWRbwiIZ awix mjb BDbvBUW
bvkbm dgIqvK Kbfbkb Ab KvBgU P (BDGbGdwmwmwm) cwZv Kiv
nq| cw_exi cvq me `kB cieZxZ GB Kbfbkb ^vi Ki|
Kbfbkb wmv nq mKj wkvbZ `k 2000 mvji ga Zv`i wbR
wbR `ki wMbnvDR Mvm wbMgb 1990 mvjK wfw eQi ai Zvi PqI
5% Kwgq Avbe Ges Dbqbkxj `kmg~nK GB mgmv gvKvejvq Avw_K
I KvwiMwi mnvqZv `e| cieZxZ `Lv Mj mKj AxKvi iv Kiwb,
wMbnvDR Mvm wbMgbi cwigvY eoB PjQ| dj 1997 mvj Rvcvbi
wKqvUvZ wkvbZ `kmg~n GKUv wbw` mgqmxgvi ga K KZUv
wMbnvDR Mvm Kgve Zv wbaviY Ki| GB Pzw wKqvUv cvUvKj bvg
cwiwPZ| abx `kjvi ga aygv gvwKb hyiv GLbI GB cUvKji
Askx`vi nqwb|
evwj mjb: 2007 mvj B`vbwkqvi evwj xc mKj m`mi mg^q
AbywZ nq BDGbGdwmwmwmi-Gi Kbfbkbi 13Zg Kbdvi Ae cvwUR
(COP13) Ges wKqvUv cUvKji m`m `ki mg^q ZZxq wgwUs Ae cvwUR
(MOP3)|

GB mjb mKj m`m `k evwj AvKkb cvb MnY Ki hvi

8

2012 mvj cieZx c`c wbq m`m `kjvi ga GKwU

AvjvPbvi m~cvZ KiQ Ges 2009 mvji ga GB AvjvPbv mgv
Kivi wmv wbqQ|
AvjvPbv cwiPvjbvi Rb AvWnK IqvwKs Mc Ab jsUvg Kv-AcviwUf
AvKkb MVb KiQ|
AwfhvRb Znwej Pvjy Kivi NvlYv w`qQ|
AvjvPbvi welq I cwiwa wbaviY KiQ hvi ga iqQ K. ckgb, L.
AwfhvRb, M. chyw Dbqb I nvi, Ges N. wewbqvM I A_vqb|

Rjevqy cwieZb wbq cKvwkZ wicvU

259 eQi wbtmZ wMbnvDm Mvm

`yB-ZZxqvski Rb `vqx 90wU cwZvb

wek 1751 mvj _K 2010 mvj ch 259 eQi h cwigvY wMbnvDm Mvmi
wbtmiY NUQ, Zvi wZb fvMi ga cvq `yB fvMi RbB `vqx gv 90wU
cwZvb| GB cwZvbjvi ewki fvMiB gvwjK weki DbZ `kjv| Zvc
AvUK iL weki DZv evwoq `Iqv Mvmjv wMbnvDm Mvm wnme
cwiwPZ|
hyivwfwK KvBgU AvKvDwUwewjwU BbwwUDUi MelYvq DwjwLZ Z_ DV
GmQ| MelYv cwZe`bwU cKvk KiQ wevbwfwK mvgwqKx KvBgU P|
Rjevqy cwieZb iva mevi Rb MnYhvM GKwU gZK cuQvZ DbZ I
Dbqbkxj `kjvi weZKi ga MelYvi gvag Ggb Z_ Zyj aiv njv|
MZ mvnB cvjvi IqvikZ AbywZ Rjevqy mjb GKwU MnYhvM
PywZ cuQvbv wbq DbZ I Dbqbkxj `kjvi ga evcK weZK nq|
DbZ `kjvi AwfhvM, Rjevqy cwieZbi Rb Zviv GKKfve `vqx bq eis
fviZ I Pxbi gZv `Z eabkxj A_bxwZi `kjviI `vq AvQ|
KvBgU AvKvDwUwewjwU BbwwUDUi MelYvq DV Avmv IB 90wU cwZvbi
ga fviZ miKvii gvwjKvbvq _vKv wZbwU cwZvb iqQ| GB cwZvbjv
njv Kvj Bwqv wjwgUW, Aqj Av bvPvivj Mvm Kicvikb (IGbwRwm)
I wmviwb KvwjwiR Kvvwb wjwgUW| Pxbi Kqjv I wmgU Drcv`bKvix
KqKwU cwZvbI GB ZvwjKvq iqQ| Ze 90wU cwZvbi ewki fvMB
iqQ hyiv, hyivR, Rvgvwb, I KvbvWvmn DbZ `kjvZ|
KvBgU AvKvDwUwewjwU BbwwUDUi wiPvW wnwWi Zwi Kiv IB cwZe`b
9

ejv nq, 1751 mvj _K 2010 mvj ch wk-KviLvbv _K wbtmZ gvU

Mvmi (Kveb WvB-AvBW I wg_b) ga 63 kZvskB GmQ IB 90wU
cwZvb _K| GB mgq wbtmZ nIqv evwK 37 kZvsk Mvmi Drmi K_v IB
cwZe`b DjL Kiv nqwb|
eZgvb wKqvUv cUvKji AvIZvq ay DbZ `kjvK wMbnvDm Mvm
wbtmiY ivai evaevaKZv `Iqv iqQ| DbZ `kjv ejQ, Rjevqy
cwieZbi Rb eabkxj A_bxwZi `kjv Zv eUB, wKQy Dbqbkxj `kiI
HwZnvwmK `vq iqQ| ZvB 2015 mvj cvwim mjb Rjevqy cwieZb
iva mevi Rb MnYhvM GKwU PywZ cuQvi welq mwq iqQ DbZ wek|
UvBgm Ae Bwqv|
c_g Avjv, 1 wWm^i 2013

KvcbnMb mjb: 2009 mvj WbgvKi KvcbnMb (COP15)

mjbI mviv wek Kvbv MnYhvM mgSvZvq cuQvZ cviwb| Kej

GKwU AxKvibvgv (KvcbnMb AvKW) w`qB kl nq Rjevqy mjb|
mjb Ask bIqv 193 `ki ga 189wU `k GB AxKvibvgvK GKwU
bvU wnme ^xKwZ `q| my`vb, ewjwfqv, wbKvivqv, evwRj I wKDev GB
AxKvibvgvq mB bv Kivq Zv Pyw wnme weewPZ ne bv|
AxKvibvgvq ejv nqQ, Rjevqy cwieZbRwbZ cwiwwZ gvKvejvq GB
kZvxi kl bvMv` weki Zvcgvv ew 2 wWwM mjwmqvmi ga mxgve
ivLZ ne|

Lmovq 2010-12 mvji Rb wZb nvRvi KvwU Wjvii GKwU Znweji K_v
ejv nqQ| Rjevqy Znweji A_ ebvqb, chyw nvi I mgZv ARb eq
ne| dj GB Znweji A_ `wi` `kjvi cvkvcvwk Dbqbkxj `kjv
hgb Pxb, fviZ, evwRjI cvIqvi K_v| (c_g Avjv, 20 wWm^i 2009)
2010 mvj gwKvi KvbKzb 16Zg wek Rjevqy mjb
Rjevqy cwieZb iva Ges Gi cfve gvKvejvq `wi` `kjvK mnvqZvi
Rb GKwU Znwej MVbmn KqKwU welq mgSvZv nq| Ze mgSvZvq ewkK
Dvqbi Rb `vqx wMbnvDR Mvm wbtmiY nvmi cqvRbxqZvi K_v ejv
njI G Rb mywbw` Kvbv KgKkj NvlYv Kiv nqwb|
KvbKzb mjb:

mgSvZvq ejv nq, Rjevqy cwieZb iva Kveb wbtmiY Kgvbv cqvRb|
wK GZ GB j ARb `kjv Kxfve KvR Kie, m evcvi
w`K-wb`kbv `Iqv nqwb|
2020 mvji ga abx `kjvi Kveb wbtmiYi gvv 1990 mvji Zyjbvq
10

25 _K 40 fvM Kwgq Avbvi K_v ejv nqQ| Ze wKqvUv PywZ ^vi

bv Kivq AbZg cavb wMbnvDR Mvm D`&wMiYKvix hyiv Gi AvIZvq Avme
bv| wkwece-c~e Aevi Pq cw_exi Zvcgvv hvZ `yB wWwM mjwmqvmi
(3 `kwgK 4 wWwM dvibnvBU) ewk bv evo, m Rb eo aibi wbtmiY
nvmi ZvwM` `Iqv nqQ| G Qvov jwU `o wWwM Kiv wbq GKwU mgxv
PvjvbviI Avnvb Rvbvbv nq mgSvZvq|
mePq wZM `kjvi Rb ` wMb KvBgU dv bvgi GKwU bZyb
Znwej 2020 mvj ch cwZeQi 100 wewjqb Wjvi msMn I weZiYi j
wbaviY Kiv nq| abx `kjv IB Znwej A_ Rgv `e| G Qvov ZvrwYK
mnvqZvi Rb _vKe 30 wewjqb Wjvi| eb DRvo ei RbI `wi`
`kjvK mnvqZv `Iqv ne| BDivcxq BDwbqb, hyiv I Rvcvb
Znwej msMn bZZ `Iqvi AxKvi Ki| AeZxKvjxb Uvw wnme
wekevsKK GB Znwej cwiPvjbvi Rb ejv ne|
mgSvZvq `wi` `kjvK Rjevqy cwieZbRwbZ wZ gvKvejvi
cwiKbvq mnvqZv w`Z GKwU AwfhvRb KwgwU MVb Kivi K_vI ejv nq|
(c_g Avjv, 12 wWm^i 2010)
Wvievb mjb: 2011 mvj Wvievb mjbi mvdji ga wKqvUv

cUvKj Abyhvqx Kveb wbMgb KgvZ 2015 mvji ga GKwU AvBbMZ Pzw
KiZ mKj c mZ nq, hwU 2020 mvj KvhKi ne| wMb KvBgU dv
MVbi ecviI mKj c mZ nq hvi AvIZvq cwZeQi `wi` `kjvi
Rjevqy AwfNvZ gvKvejvi Rb 100 wewjqb Wjvii Znwej MVb Kiv ne|
`vnv mjb: 2012 mvj KvZvii `vnvZ AbywZ 18Zg wek Rjevqy

mjb wKqvUv cUvKji wZxq AxKvi mgqKvji Rb cqvRbxq

mskvabx MnxZ nq| mskvabx Abyhvqx wZxq AxKvi mgqKvj (1 Rvbyqvwi
2013 _K 31 wWm^i 2020) mskvwaZ Gvb-weZ DwjwLZ
Gvb-1-fz `kmg~n Kgc 18% wMbnvDR Mvm Kgvbvi AxKvi
KiQ| Ze gvwKb hyivK AbymiY Ki KvbvWv AvbyvwbKfve wKqvUv
cUvKj _K ewiq Avm Ges Rvcvb, ivwkqv Ges wbDwRjv wKqvUv
cUvKji wZxq AxKvi mgqKvji AvBbMZ evaevaKZvq AskMnY Kiwb|
dj GK wnmve `Lv hvq, weki gvU Kveb wbtmiYi kZKiv gv 15-16 fvM
wKqvUv cUvKji wZxq AxKvi mgqKvji AvIZvq Avbv me nqQ|

DjL h, 1992 mvj hLb BDGbGdwmwm MnxZ nq ZLb weki gvU Kveb
11

wbtmiYi kZKiv cvq 70 fvMi Rb `vqx wQj DbZ `kmg~n Ges Gi cvq
GK ZZxqvsk GKKfve gvwKb hyiv _K wbtmwiZ nqQ| eZgvb
Dbqbkxj weki KqKwU `ki Kveb wbtmiYi cwigvY AbKY ew
cqQ Ges weki c_g 20wU kxl Kveb wbtmiYKvix `ki ga 10wU njv
Dbqbkxj `k| Abw`K weki gvU Kveb wbtmiYi cvq 40 fvM gvwKb
hyiv I Pxb _K D~Z|
2013 mvj cvjvi ivRavbx IqvikZ 19Zg RvwZmsN
Rjevqy mjb bvbv `iKlvKwl I UvbvnuPovi ci weev`gvb cjv GKwU
bqv wek Rjevqy Pywi c_wb`k Abygv`b Ki| wKqvUv cUvKji ci e
KvwZ bZyb GB Pyw 2015 mvj dvi cvwim Abyq mjb mBqi
K_v iqQ|
Iqvik mjb:

abx Avi Dbqbkxj `ki cwZwbwa`i Zxe ev`vbyev`i ci cwZwbwaiv GKgZ

nb h cZvwkZ cvwim Pywi Rb AvMfvMB Rjevqy msKU gvKvejvq
GKwU AvBbMZ evaevaKZvi cqvRb| G Qvov wZKi Kveb Mvmi wbtmiY
KgvZ AviI KvhKi eev MnY Ges Rjevqy cwieZbRwbZ wZi wkKvi
`kjvK Avw_K I chywMZ mnvqZv `Iqvi welqI cwZwbwaiv GKgZ
nb| Avi Gme welq wbqB IB c_bKkvi Lmov Abygv`b Ki Zviv|
c_bKkv Abygv`b KijI Dbqbkxj `ki cwZwbwaiv abx `ki
A_mnvqZv-welqK mywbw` cwZkwZ bv cvIqvq Amvl cKvk Kib|

Mvmi wbMgb nvm m`m`kjvi c hv hv Kiv me, Zv GB

mgqi AvMB i KiZ ne|
A_vqb: (1) P~ov `iKlvKwli ci GKwU c_K `wjji Ici
HKgZ cuQvb cwZwbwaiv| GB `wjj DbZ `kjvi cwZ 2020
mvj mvgb iL `wi` I Rjevqy cwieZbi dj SzuwKi ga _vKv
`kjvK ewaZ nvi A_mnvqZvi Avnvb Rvbvbv nqQ| (2)
mcwZ MwVZ wMb KvBgU dv LyeB DjLhvM nvi cv_wgK
A_i RvMvb w`ZI `wjj Avnvb Rvbvbv nq|
qwZ wbicY cwZ: (K) AvjvPKiv SzuwKc~Y `kjvK Rjevqy

cwieZbRwbZ fwelr wZ gvKvejvq mnvqZv KiZ Iqvik

BUvibvkbvj gKvwbRg di jm Av WvgR cYqb mZ nb|
(L) GB cwZi KvVvgv, MnYhvMZv I KvhKvwiZv AekB wZb eQi
ci ci chvjvPbv KiZ ne|

ebvj iv: AvjvPKiv mjb AviBwWwW cvm bvg cwiwPZ GK

Kgm~wPi iciLv DbqbI AMMwZ mvab KiQb| G Kgm~wPi j

njv `wi` `kjvK Zv`i ebvj DRvo nIqv _K iv I
giKiY nvmwelqK cK A_mnvqZv Kiv (c_g Avjv, 25 bf^i
2013)|

c_bKkvi DjLhvM w`K:

K. cwZwbwaiv GB gwjK bxwZi cybwbqZv w`qQb, 2015 mvj h

Rjevqy Pyw ne, mwU RvwZmsNi 195wU m`m`ki mevi Rb
MnYhvM ne| PywZ abx-`wi` `ki ga Kvbv elg Kiv
ne bv| GwU ne c~eeZx wKqvUv cUvKji Pq DbZZi|
L. wMbnvDR Mvmi wbMgb nvm eev MnY BQyK `kjvK IB
Pyw mBqi h_ AvMB wbR wbR jgvv wbaviY Ki Zv
RvbvZ ne| GB jgvv c~iY MnxZ c`c mK AekB
2015 mvji c_g wZb gvmi ga NvlYv w`Z ne|
M. 2014 mvj cii wjgvq Rjevqy-msv wZxq `dv AvjvPbvi
AvM Pywi mgSvZvg~jK eei GKwU Lmov cyZ KiZ ne|
N. 2020 mvj _K bZyb Pywi cyivcywi evevqb i ne| wZKi
12

13

Aavq `yB

Rjevqy cwieZb A_vqb

14

15

Rjevqy cwieZb A_vqb

evsjv`k Rjevqy cwieZb Kkj I KgcwiKbv (wewmwmGmGwc) evevqbi
j evsjv`k miKvi wbR^ A_vqb 2010 mvj evsjv`k Rjevqyy cwieZb
Uv dv (wewmwmwUGd) MVb Ki| GB Znweji m eRvwZK Uv dv ev
e`wkK mnvqZvi Kvbv mK bB| Rjevqy cwieZbi dj wZM I
SzuwKc~Y Aji RbMvxi Lvc LvIqvbvi mgZv ew, Rxeb-RxweKvi
gvbvbqb I `xNgqvw` SzuwK gvKvejvq cqvRbxq cwiKbv cYqb I
evevqbi j GB Znwej eeZ ne| Rjevqy cwieZb Uv dvi mwVK
Z`viwKi Rb Uvw evW MVb KiQ miKvi| miKvii bqRb gx I
wZbRb mwPe Ges `yRb bvMwiK mgvRi cwZwbwa Rjevqy cwieZb Znwej
Uvw evWi m`m|
GQvov g 2010-mvj Dbqb Askx`vi`i m miKvii mgSvZv viK
^vii ga w`q evsjv`k Rjevqy cwieZb iwRwjq dv (wewmwmAviGd)
bvg GKwU Znwej MVb Kiv nq| GB dvi 10% emiKvwi msvi gvag
evevwqZ ne| evwK Ask miKvwi wewfb msvi gvag evevqb Kiv ne|
emiKvwi msvi Znwej eevcbvi `vwqZ cvjb Kie evsjv`k cjx
Kg-mnvqK dvDkb (wcKGmGd) Ges Zveavb Kie wek evsK| 6 AvM
2012 ZvwiL miKvi 1 KvwU 25 jvL Wjvii Pzw KiQ wekevsKi mv_|
Rjevqy cwieZbi weic cfve gvKvejvq vbxq RbmvaviYi mvg_ ewi
j KwgDwbwU Rjevqy cwieZb cK (Community Climate Change
16

17

ProjectCCCP) bvg cK cYqb Kiv nqQ| GB Kvhgi AvIZvq Ggb

me AwfhvRb Kvhvewj evevqb Kiv ne hv Rjevqy cwieZbi m mwZ
iL Lv` wbivcv, mvgvwRK wbivcv, ^v, `yhvM eevcbv, AeKvVvgv
wbgvY BZvw` RbMvxi mvg_ ewZ mnvqK| wekevsKi Zveavb
`vZvMvxi Aby`vb cwZwZ evsjv`k Rjevqy cwieZb Znwej wewmwmAviGd
_K GB me KgKv A_vqb Kiv ne| evsjv`k cwiek I eb gYvjqi
c cjx Kg-mnvqK dvDkb (wcKGmGd) GKwU wekl eevq wbevwPZ
vbxq emiKvwi Dbqb msv ev GbwRI`i gvag GB Kvhg evevqb
Kie| wmwmwmwci AvIZvq G chvq Rjevqy cwieZb cfvweZ jeYvZvceY,
LivceY Ges ebvceY GjvKvq AwfhvRb Kvhg evevqb Kiv ne|

GB Znwej MwVZ nq 2001 mvj hvi Dk njv AwfhvRb, chyw vbvi,

mgZv ew, we`yr-Rvjvwb, cwienb, wk, Kwl, eb Ges eR eevcbv; Ges
A_bwZK egywLZv cfwZ LvZi cK A_vqb Kiv| GB Znwej Abvb
Znweji A_vqb Kkji cwic~iK wnme KvR Kie| Global
Environment Facility (GEF)-K GB Znweji Avw_K Kkj wbaviY I
cwiPvjbvi Rb `vwqZ c`vb Kiv nqQ| wRBGd KvDwj 2004 mvj GB
Znweji Aaxb A_vqbi Rb GKwU `wjj Abygv`b Ki hwU GB Znwej
cwiPvjbvi wfw wnme KvR Ki|
Drm: https://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/financial_mechanism/special_cl
imate_change_fund/items/3657.php

dv vU wdbv (Fast Start Finance FSF):

ecvwK I wcvwK Znwej

BDGbGdwmwmwmi Aaxb h mg ecvwK Znwej MwVZ nqQ:
AwfhvRb Znwej (Adaptation FundAF): Rjevqy cwieZbi dj mePq
wZM Ges wKqvUv cUvKjfz Dbqbkxj `kK AwfhvRb cK
A_vqb Kivi j AwfhvRb Znwej MwVZ nq| GB Znwej 16 m`m wewk
AvWvcUkb dv evW (GGdwe) viv cwiPvwjZ nq| wekevsK AeZx
mgqi Rb AwfhvRb Znweji Uvw wnme KvR KiQ | Rjevqy
mnbkxjZv ewK wZb eQi GB Znweji Aaxb 190 wgwjqb gvwKb
Wjvii ewk A_ 28wU `k c`vb Kiv nqQ|
Drm: https://www.adaptation-fund.org/about

2009 mvj WbgvKi KvcbnMb mjb DbZ weki KvQ ebvqb,

chyw nvi I mgZv ARbi Rb bZzb Ges AwZwi A_ eivi `vwe
Zvjv nq| hvi cwZ 2010-12 mvji Rb wZb nvRvi KvwU Wjvii GKwU
Znweji AxKvi Kiv nq hv dv vU wdbv Znwej bvg AwfwnZ| GZ
AwfhvRb I ckgbLvZ fvimvgc~Y A_ eiv ivLvi K_v ejv nq| GB
Znweji A_ AMvwaKvii wfwZ mePq wZM Dbqbkxj `k, hgb
^vbZ `k, QvU xcivmg~n I AvwdKvi AwfhvRb LvZ eiv `Iqvi
Ici Rvi `Iqv nqQ|
Drm: http://unfccc.int/cooperation_support/financial_mechanism/fast_start_fina
nce/items/5646.php

^vbZ `k Znwej (The Least Developed Countries FundLDCF):

wMb KvBgU dv (Green Climate FundGCF)

^vbZ `kjvi Riwi I ZvrwYK AwfhvRb cqvRb wgUvZ RvZxq

AwfhvRb KgcwiKbv (GbGwcG ev bvcv) cYqb I evevqb A_vqb KiZ
GB Znwej MVb Kiv nq| bvcv cYqb I evevqb GjwWwmGd njv eZgvb
GKgv cwZkZ Znwej| GB Znweji g~j dvKvm njv Dbqb I
Rxeb-RxweKvi mv_ mwKZ welqjvi SzuwK nvm Kiv| hgb cvwb, Kwl I
Lv` wbivcv, ^v, `yhvM SzuwK eevcbv I cwZiva, AeKvVvgv Ges
fyi/bvRyK cwZek eev| Avei 2013 ch 51wU ^vbZ `k Zv`i
RvZxq AwfhvRb KgcwiKbv Zwii Rb 12.20 wgwjqb gvwKb Wjvi
cqQ| 49wU `k hviv bvcv Zwi KiQ Zv`i ga 46wU `k 120wU
cKi Rb 628.15 gvwKb Wjvi A_ mnvqZv cqQ GB mgqi ga|
Drm: http://www.thegef.org/gef/ldcf

2010 mvj gwKvi KvbKzb 16Zg wek Rjevqy mjb mePq wZM
`kjvi Rb wMb KvBgU dv (wRwmGd) bvgi GKwU bZyb Znwej 2020
mvj ch cwZeQi 100 wewjqb Wjvi msMn I weZiYi j wbaviY Kiv
nqQ| abx `kjv IB Znwej A_ Rgv `e| G Qvov ZvrwYK mnvqZvi
Rb _vKe 30 wewjqb Wjvi| eb DRvo ei RbI `wi` `kjvK
mnvqZv `Iqv ne| BDivcxq BDwbqb, hyiv I Rvcvb Znwej msMn
bZZ `Iqvi AxKvi KiQ| AeZxKvjxb Uvw wnme wekevsKK GB
Znwej cwiPvjbvi Rb ejv ne|

wekl Rjevqy cwieZb Znwej (The Special Climate Change FundSCCF):

18

G ch 40 wgwjqb gvwKb Wjvi Rgv nqQ GB Znwej| wRwmGd

RvwZmsNi GKwU AmsMVb wnme KvR Kie| 2013 mvj wRwmGd-Gi
m`i `dZi vcb Kiv nqQ `wY Kvwiqvi ivRavbx wmDj| Ze Znwej
19

msKU fvMvi Avkv iqQ GB dvi| A_bxwZZ g`vv abx `kjvi

UvMU Abyhvqx Znwej hvMvb `Iqvi mvebv Kg|
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24

gZv KvRi AwfZv Zv`i bB| AwfhvM DVQ, miKvi`jxq bZv`i

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Dceevcbv cwiPvjK gv. eyjeyj Kv`i ejb, Avgiv ivRbwZK mswkZv
`L Kvivi bvg ZvwjKvq Afy Kwiwb| `LwQ GbwRIwUi jvKej AvQ wK
bv| Zv`i gvbyli m Dbqbg~jK KvR Kivi AwfZv AvQ wK bv| Ze wZwb
^xKvi Kib, 55wU GbwRIi ga wZbwU GbwRI Ljvwc FYi m RwoZ| G
KviY G wZbwU GbwRIi A_ Qvo cwqv e iqQ ejI wZwb Rvbvb|
KvjiK,7 g 2013

cK evevqbi gvb Ges Z`viwKi Pvj

vbxq cKkj Awa`i KZK Z`viwKi KvhKvwiZv: vbxq zj KwgwU Rvbvq,

wekevsK I GjwRBwWi KgKZviv `yMg GjvKvq chv Z`viwK Kiwb|

GjwRBwWi KgKZv`i gZ, mvBKvb kvijvi fMvwjK AevbMZ
wewQbZv I AbybZ hvMvhvM eev I GKBmv_ GKB w`b 2-3wU vb wbgvY
KvR Pvjy _vKvi KviY me RvqMvq Z`viwK Kiv me nq bv| cK
Abygv`bi AvM Dciv welqjv weePbv Kiv nqwb; dj chv Z`viwKi
Afve KvRi YMZ gvbi Dci mivmwi cfve coQ|
ZZxq c Z`viwK: wewmwmAviGd-Gi AvIZvq evevwqZ cK Kvhg

Z`viwKi Rb vbxq miKvi cKkj Awa`ii cvkvcvwk wekevsKi c nZ

ZZxq c Z`viK wnme KbmvjUU dvg wbqvM Kiv nq Ges G dvgi c
_K vbxq chvq Z`viwKi Rb wd iwmWU Bwwbqvi (GdAviB) wbqvM Kiv
nq| wK, GdAviB`i Avjv`v Awdm bv _vKvq I GjwRBwW Awdm emvi
KviY AbK Zviv ^vaxbfve KvR KiZ cvi bv Ges GjwRBwW I
wVKv`vwi cwZvb Dfq ci Pvci gyL _vK| GgbwK wbgvYmvgMxi gvb
hvPvBqi wicvU cvIqvi AvMB G msv Qvoc mvi KiZ evevqbKvix
cwZvbi KgKZvi hvMmvRk wVKv`vi GdAviBi Ici Pvc cqvM Ki|
GgbwK Kvbv Kvbv vb cvYbvki gwKi myLxb nIqvi dj GK eQii
ga GKwU cK GjvKv nZ 12 Rb GdAviB PvKwi Qo Pj hvq|

cvebvi w`M mgvRKjvY mwgwZ eiv cqQ 10 jvL UvKv| G cwZvbwUi wbevnx
cwiPvjK GK mgq weGbwci gwnjv `ji KgKvi m hy wQjb| eZgvb wZwb
26

27

Aavq wZb

Rjevqy A_vqb I mvsevw`KZv

28

29

Rjevqy A_vqb cwiexY MYgvagi fwgKv

Kvbv GKwU welq GKm jvLv-KvwU gvbylK RvbvZ MYgvagi weK
bB| Rjevqy cwieZb welq mPZbZv, mgZv ewmn mswk bvbv Kvhg
mK MYgvbylK RvbvZ, mPZb KiZ Ges Zv`i K^i Zzj aiZ
MYgvag cvjb KiZ cvi wbweo I egvwK f~wgKv| h w`KjvZ
MYgvag Mfxifve AvjvKcvZ KiZ cvi Zvi ga iZc~Y nQ Rjevqy
cwieZb wZM`i Rb wewfb cK cKZB KZ UvKv eiv AvQ, KZ
Ask eq nQ; Kv`i cvIqvi K_v wQj, Kviv cvQ; cK evevqbi
YMZgvb, cKjv mZB gvbyli Pvwn`v Abyhvqx wK bv BZvw`| Gme Z_
Mfxi weklYmn gvbyli mvgb Zzj ai Rjevqy cwieZb mwKZ
cKjvi KvRi ^QZv I Revew`wnZv wbwZ KiZ cvi MYgvag| wekl
Ki Rjevqy A_vqb cwiexY MYgvagi iqQ evcK f~wgKv|
mvsevw`KZvi GKwU wPivqZ w`K njv Avw_K KgKvi w`K bRi ivLv
(follow the money)| KviY hLvb A_ mLvbB msev`i Dcv`vb _vK|
Rjevqy Znweji mwVK eenvi wbwZ KiZ ZvB MYgvagi bRi`vwi
evovbv `iKvi| G Rjevqy wbq KgiZ ew-cwZvbi m MYgvagi
KvhKi mK Mo Zvjv Riwi| MYgvagi gZv KvhKifve eenvi
KiZ cvij Rjevqy A_vqb ^QZv I Revew`wnZv AbKUvB wbwZ Kiv
me| mRb cqvRb cwiKwZ I wbiewQb D`vM|
30

31

wgwWqv AvWfvKwm ev MYgvag cPvivwfhvb

MYgvag hLb Rb^v_ bxwZ cYqb, evevqb ev c`c MnYi cwqvq
(Av`vjb) hy nq Ges j AwRZ bv nIqv ch cwqv Pvwjq hvq, ZLb
Zv AvLvwqZ nq wgwWqv AvWfvKwm bvg| j ARb gvb MYgvbyli ^v_
mvgvwRK, ivxq, ckvmwbK bxwZ msvi, bxwZ cYqb, evevqb BZvw`| mnR
K_vq mvgvwRK BmyZ MYgvagi Av`vjbZzj KgKvB Dbqb Awfavb
wgwWqv AvWfvKwm| wgwWqv AvWfvKwm cvwZvwbK MYZ I mykvmb
wbwZ Kivi GK kwkvjx nvwZqvi| Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ gvKvejvi
cwqvq MYgvag-mswk ew-cwZvbi G mwq f~wgKv Riwi|
wekvj I ewPgq MYgvag RMZi gZvB wgwWqv AvWfvKwmi wUI
evcK I egvwK| mvsevw`K, wkx, jLK, mvwnwZK, PjwPKvimn wewP
ckvRxex Mvx wgwWqv mii Ask| Avi DjwLZ mKj Mvx Ges Zv`i
mvgwMK KgKvB wgwWqv AvWfvKwmi AweQ` AsM| ay ZvB bq, mvaviY
mgvRi Ab mKj mii AskMnYI GZ Riwi| Kbbv mgvRi mKj
mii AskMnY Qvov Kvbv Av`vjb P~ov j ARb KiZ cvi bv|
AskMnYi gvvi IciB Av`vjbi mvdj wbfi Ki| Rjevqy cwieZb
gvKvejvq `wk-we`wk A_vqb PjQ bvbv Kvhg hjv wbqwgZ
cwiexY I avivevwnKfve cwZe`b cYqb Kiv MYgvagi Rb LyeB
iZc~Y hvZ Rb^v_ iwZ nq| G mvsevw`K`i f~wgKv AMMY|
Kbbv, wgwWqv mii ga mvsevw`KZvB mePvBZ evcK f~wgKv cvjb
mg ej ^xKZ|
Rjevqy A_vqb cwiexYi mg~n
mvsevw`Kiv h w`KjvZ Abymvbx `w ivLZ cvib mjv nQ

Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvejvi cK cYqb cwqvq RbMYi AskMnY

_vK wK bv
A_vqbi mgq h_vh_ cwqv AbymiY Kiv nq wK bv
cKZ mgmvjv wPwZ Ki mjv gvKvejvi welq Kvhg
Afy Kiv nq wK bv
A_vqb Abyhvqx cieZx Kvhg mwVKfve evevwqZ nq wK bv
cK evevqb RbMYi AskMnY _vK wK bv
Rjevqy Znweji bvg cK mwZKvi A_ Rjevqy welqK wK bv
32

AMMwZ wbqwgZ cwiexY I g~jvqb Kiv nq wK bv

cK cYqb I evevqb cwqvq bvix`i YMZ AskMnY _vK wK bv
Znwej h_vh_ LvZ LiP nq wK bv
LiPi wnmve ^QZv _vK wK bv
ivRbwZK ev cfvekvjx ew/gnji AbvKvwZ nc _vK wK bv
mevcwi h mvaviY gvbyli Rb Znwej Zviv DcKZ nq wK bv
vwqZkxj Dbqb wbwZ nq wK bv

MYgvag ZrciZvi Kkj

Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ gvKvejvq h mg cK ev KgKv evevwqZ
nQ w`K-wb`kbvmn m me welq BmywfwK Mfxi cwZe`b Kiv hZ
cvi| Gi m avivevwnKfve hy ne Z_vbymvb, djv-Avc wicvwUs,
wdPvi, RbgZ Rwic AvwUKj, mv`Kxq, Dc-mv`Kxq BZvw`| cKvk Kiv
hZ cvi Rjevqy cwieZb welq voc Ges cwKvi BmywfwK msLv|
Bmy wPwZ Kivi mgq wePbvq ivLv Riwi, BmywUK nZ ne

GKwU mywbw` welq

wbavwiZ mgqi ga ARbhvM
bxwZ-wbaviYx w`K-wb`kbvmb
RbMvx/KwgDwbwUi Rxeb welqwU evcK cfve mwKvix

wicvwUsmn avivevwnK MYgvag ZrciZvi dj GRvq cwiYZ nIqvi ci

welqwU hy ne AvbylwK mvgvwRK KgKvi m| ZLb MYgvag cPviYvi
Ask wnme cvvi, wjdjU, wKvi GmeI cKvwkZ nZ cvi| mswk
mvgvwRK mijv AvqvRb KiZ cvi gZwewbgq mfv, mwgbvi,
wmvwRqvg, Kgkvjv, wgwQj, ivwj ev kvfvhvv BZvw`| GjvZ mswk
bxwZwbaviK gnji cwZwbwaivI DcwZ _vKeb| cKvwkZ BmywfwK
jLvjv Gme AvqvRb cvgvY `wjj wnme eeZ nZ cvi, hv cwiwwZ
weklY I mgvavbi w`K-wb`kbvi mnvqK ne| GgbwK msev`c ev
mvsevw`K msMVbjvI G RvZxq AvqvRb KiZ cvi| nvj wewfb cwKvi
AvqvRb AbywZ BmywfwK MvjUwej eVKjv Gi `v| mvsevw`K`i
jLvjv mswk mvgvwRK msMVb I bxwZ-wbaviYx KZci KvQ `Iqv
viKwjwci m msKwjZ AvKvi cvVvj Zv j ARb Aviv mnvqK ne|
33

Z_ AwaKvi AvBbi eenvi

A_vqb wbq cKvwkZ wicvU

mvsevw`Ki cavb KvRB hLb RbMYK Rvbvbv ZLb Z_ AwaKvi AvBbi

eenvi m c_K Aviv myMg Ki| Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvejvq cK cYqb
Ges evevqbmsv Z_i Rb wewfb miKvwi-emiKvwi evevqbKvix
msvi KvQ hZ ne| Gme cwZvb _K hLb mnR Z_ msMn Kiv me
nq DVe bv ZLb Z_ AwaKvi AvBbi eenvi Ki j ARb me| GRb
Z_ AwaKvi AvBbi AvIZvq cwZwU Awdm `vwqZcv KgKZv/Z_ KgKZvi
KvQ wjwLZfve KvwZ Z_ PvBZ ne|
Z_ AwaKvi AvBb eenvi Ki mvsevw`Kiv Rjevqy cwieZb cKZ
wZM`i ^v_ hme Z_ Dby KiZ cvib

Rjevqy cwieZb-mswk miKvii me aibi Dbqb cwiKbv

miKvwi-emiKvwi chvq MnxZ c`c I Kgm~wPmg~n
AvRvwZK Pzwmg~n
mgSvZv welqK mvimsc
bxwZ-wbaviYx weeiY
wewbqvMKvix, `vZv I MnxZv`i m AvjvPbvi KvhweeiYx
gwcwil` AvjvPbv I wmv
msm`xq bw_c
we`gvb miKvwi KvVvgv I Kvhgi LuywUbvwU Z_
Kvhwbevnx Av`k
Rjevqy cwieZb-mswk evRU, e`wkK mvnvh I A_msv wnmve
miKvwi eqi wnmve
wekl civgk, mycvwik I w`K-wb`kbv
wefvMxq mfvi AvjvPbv I wmvi cwZwjwc
cwimsLvbMZ Dcv
Uvdvm, Kwgkb I IqvwKs Mci cwZe`b
cvKwZK m`i Aevb I cvcZv mwKZ mgxvi djvdj
cwiek, Rj I evqy`~lYi YMZ Aevi cgvY BZvw`

N~wYSo gnvmbi ci miKvwi mnvqZv: ZvwjKvq abx`i bvg

eibvi evgbv DcRjvq N~wYSo gnvmb wZM ew`i MnwbgvY mnvqZvi
ZvwjKvq cKZ wZM ew`i ev` w`q abvX I gZvmxb `ji bZv-Kgx`i
bvg Afy Kiv nqQ ej AwfhvM cvIqv MQ| KqKRb fyfvMx G welq
DcRjv wbevnx KgKZvi (BDGbI) KvQ wjwLZ AwfhvM w`qQb|
Rvbv MQ, gnvmb DcRjvi 720wU emZNii AvswkK wZi ZvwjKv Ki
ckvmb| 720wU cwievii Rb MnwbgvY mnvqZv wnme cZKK 10 nvRvi
UvKv Ki 98 jvL UvKv eiv `q vY I `yhvM gYvjq| ci vbxq ckvmb
ZvwjKv `xN Ki 980wU cwievii Rb cwievicwZ `yB evj XDwUb I bM`
`yB nvRvi UvKv weZiYi wmv bq|
LvuR wbq Rvbv MQ, DcRjvi ivgbv BDwbqbi MvjvNvUv Mvgi lvUva
Kgjv my`ixi cyivbv wUbi NiwUi Pvj Dwoq bq N~wYSo| c_g `dvq miKvi
bM` wKQy UvKv I cvuP KwR Ki Pvj w`jI mB mnvqZv Zuvi RvUwb| GLb
`yB evj wUb I `yB nvRvi UvKv `Iqvi Rb h ZvwjKv Kiv nqQ, ZvZI
Zuvi bvg IVwb| Kgjv my`ixi bvg ZvwjKvq bv _vKvi welq RvbZ PvBj
ivgbv BDwbqbi 6 b^i IqvWi m`m Ave`yi ivvK Rvbvb, Kgjv my`ixi
Qji bvg ZvwjKvq ivLv nqwQj| wK Pqvigvbi wb`k IB bvg KU
GKB Mvgi Ave`yi iwk`i bvg ZvwjKvfy Kiv nq| BDwci Pqvigvb bRij
Bmjvg Rgvvi ejb, Avwg KviI bvg ev` w`Z ewjwb|
N~wYSo wZM ew`i AwfhvM, BDwbqb cwil`i (BDwc) Pqvigvb I
BDwci m`miv wZM ew`i h ZvwjKv DcRjv ckvmb Rgv w`qQb,
ZvZ ewki fvMB Zuv`i mg_K`i bvg Afy Kiv nqQ| GZ cKZ
wZM ew`i AbK ewZ nqQb| evgbv m`i BDwbqbi KjvMvwQqv
Mvgi `wi` Ave`yj gvjK, gv. wkcb, Avbvqviv eMg, gv. wbRvg, gwRei,
Lwjj, Kvgvj I mygbmn AZ 25wU wZM cwievii bvg IB ZvwjKvq bB|
KjvMvwQqv Mvgi mveK BDwc m`m I DcRjv AvIqvgx jxMi kgwelqK
mv`K gxi AvRMi nvqvZi emZNii Kvbv wZ bv njI mnvqZvi ZvwjKvq
VuvB cqQ Zuvi bvg| RvbZ PvBj wZwb ejb, ebvq Avgvi gvQi Ni, Nii
eviv`vi wZ nqQ| AvIqvgx jxM Kwi ej mvnvh cve bv, GUv Kgb wbqg!
Z`viK KgKZv (UvM Awdmvi) MZg P` emy ejb, 980wU cwievii c_g
ZvwjKv Z` Ki Zgb AmsMwZ cvIqv hvqwb| ci IB ZvwjKvq bZyb Ki
bvg Afy Kiv nqQ ej bwQ|
wZM ew`i ZvwjKvq AmsMwZ _vKvi mZZv wbwZ Ki evgbvi BDGbI
gv. AvjgMxi nvmb Rvbvb, G welq AbKB wjwLZ AwfhvM w`qQb|
Z` Ki myy ebi D`vM bIqv ne|
c_g Avjv, 5 RyjvB 2013

34

35

Rjevqy cwieZb A_vqb I mvsevw`KZv: aviYv I Dk

Rjevqy cwieZbi KviY, cfve Ges AwfNvZ gvKvejvq bvbvgvwK KgKv
wbq wicvU, wdPvi, weklYagx wbe Ges gZvgZagx Kjvg Rjevqy cwieZb
mvsevw`KZvi AvIZvq iqQ| Rjevqy cwieZbi welqwUi m Aviv AbK
welq, AbK gvv RwoZ| cwiek, wevb, A_bxwZ, ivRbxwZmn AbK welqB
Gi m mwKZ| ZvB wicvwUsmn Rjevqy cwieZb welq mvsevw`KZvi
mvgwMK KvRwUB AbK mgq ek RwUj| Rjevqy cwieZb welqK cwZe`b
cvqkB bvbv aibi evwbK Z_-Dcv `kK-kvZv-cvVKi evaMg fvlvq
Dcvcb I evLv-weklY KiZ nq| cvkvcvwk ^v, cwiek, Kwl,
A_bxwZmn mKj Rjevhy cwieZbi cfve cgvYmn mnR fvlvq
Dcvcb Kiv Riwi|
Rjevqy cwieZbi Rb g~jZ `vqx weki wkvbZ `kjv| evsjv`kmn
`wi` `kjv hviv GB cwieZbi Rb gvUB `vqx bq, A_P mePq ewk
wZM nQ Zv`i mnvqZvi Rb abx`kjvi KvQ Znwej MVb Ges Kveb
wbtmiY Kgvbvi `vwe Zvjv nQ| Rjevqy cwieZbi weic cfve gvKvejvq
Gme Znwej MVb Kiv cqvRb| GiB ga ek wKQz Znwej MVb nqQ Ges
Avw_K mnvqZvi cwZkwZ cvIqv MQ| evsjv`k miKvi wbR^ A_vqb
Rjevqy Uv dv MVb KiQ| BwZga Rjevqy Znweji AvIZvq
miKvwi-emiKvwi chvq wewfb cK evevqb i nqQ|
KvRB, Rjevqy cwieZb mvsevw`KZvi GKUv eo I iZc~Y welq ev Bmy njv
Rjevqy A_vqb| Rjevqy cwieZbi bvg ev G aibi Znwej eenvi Ki h
mg Kvhg PjQ Zv gwbUi Kiv mvsevw`K`i bwZK `vwqZ| Rjevqy
cwieZbi Aaxb g~jZ `y-aibi KvR nq| ckgb I AwfhvRb| Avgv`i
`k hnZz Kveb wbtmiY AbK Kg Ki KvRB AwfhvRbi w`KB ewk
iZ cvIqvi K_v|

eZgvb MYgvag ZrciZv I KiYxq

Rjevqy cwieZb I `yhvM welq evsjv`ki MYgvagjvi eZgvb KvfviR

ewki fvM B NUbvKw`K Ges ZvrwYK| GB avivK GKwU
cwqvwfwK ev `xNgqvw` BbWc_& KvfviRi RvqMvq wbq hvIqv
cqvRb| Zvnj Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ gvKvejvq wewfb Znweji
A_vqb `kevcx Pjgvb KgKv wbq MYgvagi Aviv weZ I mwq
f~wgKv cvjbi myhvM Zwi ne|
MYgvag eevi ga wKQz welq ev Dcv`vb wPwZ Kiv hvq hjvi BwZevPK
cwieZb NwUq MYgvag ZrciZvK Aviv mcmvwiZ Kivi myhvM iqQ|
Gjvi ga iqQ
`wfw: cvwK ii gvbyli K^i iZmnKvi MYgvag Zzj Avbv
`iKvi| Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ cvwK gvbyli RxebKB ewk
cfvweZ Ki| h Kvbv cvKwZK `yhvM GivB mePq ewk wZM
nq| Avaq wbgvY mw`K MYgvagi ewk `w `Iqv cqvRb|
aviYv: Rjevqy cwieZb Ges G-msv RvZxq, AvRvwZK KgKv
mK MYgvagi aviYvq Aviv MfxiZv I Zv Avbvi myhvM iqQ|
MYgvagjv RvZxq I AvRvwZK chvq KgcwiKbv cYqb, wbR^
A_vqb I eRvwZK mnvqZvq Znwej MVb, weZiY Ges `kevcx Pjgvb
Kvhg mK chv gbvhvM I iZ w`Z cvi| dj wewfb Znweji
AvIZvq hme Kvhg cwiPvwjZ nQ mme wbq Abymvbg~jK
cwZe`b cKvk ev cPvi ewk ne| mvsevw`K`i G evcvi chv aviYv
I gbvhvM evovZ ne|
`Zv I vb: Rjevqy cwieZbi mv_ bvbv c I welq RwoZ|
MYgvagKgx, wekl Ki huviv vbxq chvq KvR Kib, Zuv`i Rjevqy
cwieZb-msv welqmg~nK Mfxifve Dcjw I Zyj aivi Rb `Zv
I aviYv evovbviI welqwUKI iZ `Iqv `iKvi| vbxq mvsevw`K`i
cvq mKj welq cwZe`b KiZ nq, dj NUbvKw`K msev`i w`KB
Zv`i ewk gbvhvM w`Z nq|

evsjv`ki g~javivi MYgvagjv g~jZ AbKvskB K`xf~Z| Gme

MYgvag ivRbwZK NUbvcevn, eemvwqK msev`, webv`b AwaK iZ cvq|
mLvb cvwK RbMvxi myL-`ytL I Avkv-AvKvvi cwZdjb KvwZgvvq
cKvk cvq bv| A_P Avgv`i ewki fvM gvbylB Mvg evm Ki| Rjevqy
cwieZbi AwfNvZ Ges bvbv cvKwZK `yhvMi mePq ewk wkKvi nq GivB|

evsjv`ki `yhvM cvcU Ges Rjevqy cwieZbi geagvb gwKi welq

weePbvq wbj MYgvagmg~ni Rjevqy cwieZb welqK wekl Ki Rjevqy
A_vqb welq Avaq evovbv `iKvi| Gi Rb wbPi welqjv weePbvq
bIqv hZ cvi:

36

37

MYgvagi bxwZ-wbaviYx chvq welqwUK iZ c`vb: Rjevqy cwieZbi

AwfNvZ gvKvejvq MYgvagI GKwU iZc~Y c GwU wbwZ KiZ

MYgvagi bxwZ-wbaviYx i I MUwKcvi`i D`vMx KiZ wewfb KgKv
MnY Kiv hZ cvi|

mvsevw`K`i `Zv Db&qb: RvZxq I vbxq chvqi MYgvagKgx/mvsevw`K`i

Rb Rjevqy cwieZb I Rjevqy A_vqb cwiexY welq cwkYi eev Kiv

hZ cvi| G aibi D`vM Zuv`i AvMn ew Kie Ges Z_mg msev`
ZwiZ cvi`kx Ki Zzje| G aibi cwkY Kgm~wPZ wec`vcbZvi vbxq
cUf~wgi Ici ewk Rvi w`Z ne| GKK GjvKv GKK aibi Rjevqym
`yhvMi Kej co| Rjevqy cwieZbi bwZevPK cfve gvKvejvq
GjvKvf` ZvB wfb wfb D`vM I ZrciZvi cqvRb| cwkYi welqe
wbaviYi mgq fMvwjK eveZvI weePbvq AvbZ ne|
MYgvagjvZ Rjevqy cwieZb I `yhvM welqK weU Pvjy Kiv hZ cvi
Ges mvsevw`K`i cwkY I KvRi gvag welq wekl Ki Mo Zvjv
hZ cvi|

Rjevqy A_vqb wbq msev`i Dcv`vb I msev`g~j wbaviYx welq

mvsevw`KZvi c_vMZ msev` Dcv`vb hgb, mgqvbyewZZv, bKU, iZ,
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mvsevw`KZvi I mgfve chvR| Ze, Rjevqy mvsevw`KZv hnZz
GKwU weklvwqZ mvsevw`KZv Ges Gi mv_ wevbmn bvbv welq RwoZ ZvB G
avivi mvsevw`KZviI wKQz ^Kxq ewk _vKvUvB ^vfvweK| Rjevqy cwieZb
GKwU `xNgqvw` I Pjgvb cwqv| GB cwieZbi AbZg KviY njv
AwaKnvi wMbnvDR Mvm wbtmiY hv `kgvb Kiv KwVb| Rjevqymsv msev`
Dcv`vb wnme AbK welqB DjL Kiv hvq| hgb Rjevqy A_vqb, RvZxq
chvq D`vM, Rjevqy Dv, `kxq I ewkK cwieZb, FZz cwieZb, KwlZ
cfve, AwfhvRb, ckgb, wMbnvDR Mvm wbtmiY, ewkK Dvqb, Rjevqy
cwieZb gvKvejvq AvRvwZK cwZkwZ I evevqb, evwbK MelYvi
Z_-Dcv BZvw`|
GQvovI Rjevqy cwieZbi KviY hme gvbweK wechq msNwUZ nq mjvI
msev` Dcv`vb wnme DjL Kiv hvq| hgb N~wYSo, RjvQvm, UbWv,
mybvwg, Rvqvi, jeYvZv, Liv, f~wgK, ebv-cveb, f~wgam, `~lY, ewcvZ,
b`xfvOb BZvw`|
38

vbxq wec`vcbZv wbq cKvwkZ wicvU

cUyqvLvjxZ AwZew I A^vfvweK Rvqvi

AvDk evcK wZ Avgb Avev` wbq `ywvq KlK

N~wYSo gnvmb, AwZew I A^vfvweK Rvqvi cUyqvLvjxZ PjwZ eQi AvDk
dmj Avev`i 26 nvRvi nii ewk Rwg Abvevw` wQj| GZ evcKfve
wZM nqQb KlKiv| Avgb Pvl Ki GB wZ cywlq wbZ Zuviv exRZjv
Zwi i KijI AwZew I A^vfvweK Rvqvii cvwbZ Wye MQ AbK
exRZjv| Zv Qvov cvwb bv bvgvq AbK Avgbi exRZjv Zwi KiZ cviQb
bv| GB Aevq Avgb Avev` wbq `ywPvq coQb `wYvji KlKiv|
Kwl KgKZviv ejQb, gnvmbi Qvej, Gici AwZew I Rvqvii cvwb
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me nqwb|
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ievbx Rvbvb, Rjevqy cwieZbi cfvei KviY FZy cwieZb NUQ| dmj
Drcv`bi m iv`, ew, Zvcgvv I Rvqvi-fvUvi cvwb mewKQyB RwoZ| wK
AvenvIqvi ZviZgi cfve coQ dmj Drcv`bi Ici| GKB wekwe`vjqi
KwlZ wefvMi wkK myjZvb Avng` Rvbvb, GLb hfve AwZRvqvi I
AwZew nQ, ZvZ AbK GjvKvq Avgbi exRZjv cvwbZ Wye b nIqvi
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hZ `wi ne, ZZB dmj Drcv`b Kg ne ej gb KiQb wZwb|
Kwl mcmviY Awa`ii Rjv Kvhvjqi Z_ Abyhvqx, PjwZ eQi Rjvq 58
nvRvi 949 ni RwgZ AvDk Avev`i jgvv wbaviY Kiv nqwQj, wK
Avev` nqwQj 32 nvRvi 776 ni| G KviY Rjvq 47 nvRvi gwUK Ub Pvj
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m`i DcRjvi QvUweNvB BDwbqbi dzjZjvi KlK gvmjg dwKi Rvbvb,
Avgbi exRZjvi Rb `yB gY avb cvwbZ wfwRqwQjb wZwb| wK ewoeuva
fO Rvqvii cvwbZ GjvKvi AwaKvsk dmwj Rwg Wye MQ| cvwb bv bvgvq
LZ nvj w`Z cviQb bv| GLb Kxfve exRZjv Kieb, mB wPvq w`knviv
nq coQb|
Kwl mcmviY Awa`ii Rjv Kvhvjqi Z_ Abyhvqx, PjwZ gmyg Rjvq
GK jvL 98 nvRvi 800 ni RwgZ Avgb Pvli jgvv wbaviY Kiv nqQ|
G Rb 15 nvRvi 100 ni RwgZ exRZjv Zwii jgvv wbaviY Kiv nqQ|
1 RyjvB ch Rjvq Pvi nvRvi 750 ni RwgZ exRZjv Zwi nqQ| Rjvq
mvaviYZ 15 _K 20 RyjvB ch Avgbi exRZjv Zwi Kiv nq|

39

Kwl mcmviY Awa`i cUyqvLvjxi km Drcv`b wekl gyn` wRqvDj

Bmjvg Rvbvb, `wYvji KlKi cavb dmj Avgb| G eQi gmygi
iZB Rjvi wbgvj Rvqvii cvwbZ Avgbi exRZjv Zwjq hvIqvq
Lei cvIqv MQ| `xNw`b exRZjv cvwbZ Wye _vKj Zv cP hvIqvi Avkv
_vK| wZwb AviI Rvbvb, AvenvIqvRwbZ KviY cqvRbi mgq hgb ewcvZ
Kg nq, Avevi AbK mgq AwZewI nQ| GZ dmj Drcv`b evNvZ NU|
c_g Avjv, 6 RyjvB 2013

RjevqywelqK mvsevw`KZvq mvsevw`Ki `vwqZ

h Kvbv ckvi m RwoZ ewKB Zvi KvRwU myz I my`ifve Kivi Rb
wKQy Y ARb KiZ nq| GKRb mvsevw`Ki RbI welqwU mgfve chvR|
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nZ nq Ges mKj mgq KVvi wbicZv eRvq ivLZ nq| wZwb ewMZfve
Kvbv `j ev Mvxi m`m njI Zuvi KvhKjvc ev Zuvi ckvq wbw` Kvbv
`j ev Mvxi cwZ Zuvi wekl `yejZv cKvki vb bB| ZuvK mvewYKfve
iY ivLZ nq h wZwb GK gnvb ckvi m RwoZ Ges GB ckvi ghv`v Ges
`vwqZ ZuvKB mgybZ ivLZ ne| KviY, mvsevw`KZv ckvi ga w`q wZwb
mvgvwRK `vwqZI cvjb Ki _vKb| Rjevqy cwieZb welq mvsevw`KZvi
I Gme wPivqZ Yvewj _K wePyZ nIqvi Kvbv myhvM bvB|
GKRb mvsevw`KK weklvwqZ GKwU i mvsevw`KZvi PPv KiZ nj Zv
m Rjevqy cwieZb nvK ev Kwl, wk, ^v ev Rvjvwb h LvZB nvK bv Kb
m welqi Ici vb ivLvUv Riwi| ZvB Rjevqy welqK mvsevw`KZv KiZ
Pvb ev KiQb Ggb mvsevw`KK AekB welq wnme Rjevqy cwieZb Ges
Gi mv_ mwKZ welq AvMnx nZ ne Ges G welq wekl bv njI
gwjK KZjv w`K vb ivLZ ne|

Rjevqy mvsevw`Ki `vwqZ nQ wbRK Rjevqy welq mvsevw`KZvi Rb `

Ki Zvjv Ges mgqi `vwe Abyhvqx Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ mswk gvV
cwZe`b _K i Ki bxwZ chvjvPbv me welqB cwZe`b Zwi I
cKvki ga w`q cvVKi Z_ Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv| wekl Ki Rjevqy
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Kiv nQ m mK wbqwgZ cwZe`b Zwi Kiv, hvZ GB LvZ mKj cKvi
Awbqg-`ybxwZ iva Kiv hvq Ges gvbyl Gme cKi mwZKvi mydj cvq|
hnZz ewkK Dvqb Ges Rjevqy cwieZb eZgvb mgq GKUv DjLhvM
DMi welq Ges Gi KviY mviv wek Lv` Drcv`b I Lv` wbivcvq evcK
bwZevPK cfvei AvksKv iqQ ZvB GKRb mvsevw`Ki `vwqZ ne GB
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welqjv cZfve cfve djQ Lv` wbivcvq| evsjv`ki cvcU
geagvb RbmsLv I gnvmgvb Kwl Rwgi cwigvY, jeYvZv ew, So,
RjvQvmmn bvbv cvKwZK `yhvM `kK GK weivU Pvji gyL Vj
w`qQ| ZvB GB welqjvZ wekl I bxwZ-wbaviK`i gZvgZmn
cwZe`b Zzj aiv mvsevw`K`i GKUv eo `vwqZ|
mvaviYfve Rjevqy welqK mvsevw`KZvi mvsevw`K`i ckvMZ `Zvi
RvqMv _K Zviv wbgv `vwqZjv cvjb KiZ cvib:

Rjevqy welq AvMnx mvsevw`K`i Rjevqy cwieZbi ewkK I `kxq Ges

AvwjK cvcU mK mgKfve AewnZ _vKZ ne| Ges GKB mv_
gtcwieZbkxj Rjevqy cwieZb-msv nvjbvMv` Z_ RvbZ ne|

Rjevqy cwieZbi m `ki cwiek, ivRbxwZ, A_bxwZ, Rvjvwb, wevb,

Kwl, Lv` wbivcv Ges ewkK DZvi cfvemn bvbv welq IZcvZfve
RwoZ weavq mvsevw`KK Gme welqI vbi PPv KiZ ne| AZ huviv
Gme welq Rvbb Zuv`i mv_ hvMvhvM ivLZ ne|

40

Rjevqy welq cwZe`bi gvag RbMYK AewnZ Ges mPZb Kiv

cwZe`b mswk mKj ci ee Zzj aiv
fzfvMx, gvVi miRwgb wP Zzj aiv (chvR)
Rjevqy welqK cwifvlv ev jargon Gwoq Pjv
mnReva fvlvq ee Zzj aiv
chvR bxwZ-wbaviK, wekl`i Dw ev DwZ eenvi
bxwZ-wbaviYx w`K-wb`kbv `Iqv
Dchy Qwe I Mvwd eenvi
chvR `kxq, AvwjK I AvRvwZK cvcU weklY ev
idvi c`vb
41

mwVK Z_, cwimsLvb eenvi

Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvejv cK/A_vqb msv cqvRbxq `wjj,
AvBb Ges mswk Z_ msMn Ges msiY Kiv
hnZz A_vqbi gZv welq AbK c Afy _vK, ZvB hZ ewk
me m~i KvQ hvIqv
Rjevqy cwieZb welq KvR KiQ Ggb me miKvwi, emiKvwi
cwZvbi Kgx`i m wbqwgZ hvMvhvM ivLv
Dbqb bvixiv iZc~Y f~wgKv cvjb Ki, ZvB bvix m~i m
hvMvhvM ew Ges Zv`i gZvgZK iZ `Iqv
Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvejv wbq hme cwZvb MelYv KiQ Zv`i
ee I cKvwkZ wicvU/ce msMn Kiv
mevcwi wbR GjvKvq Rjevqy cwieZb Znweji Aaxb Pjgvb Kvhg
mK wbqwgZ LuvR ivLv|

mvsevw`KZvi bxwZgvjv I RjevqywelqK mvsevw`KZv

GKRb mvsevw`Ki gZv Zuvi cvVK-kvZv-`kK| Zviv Zuvi jLv wekvm
Ki| wekvm Rbvq mvsevw`Ki Ici| G Rb cvVK gb Kib mvsevw`K hv
jLb mwU cvVKi fvjvi Rb Ges LeiwU mZ| Avi cvVKi GB wekvmK
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gZvi gvv wbaviYi wKQy wbqg-Kvbyb I wewawbla eua `Iqv nq|
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Rjevqy welqK mvsevw`KZvi I mgfve chvR|
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RwoZ, Abw`K welqwUi mv_ RwoZ iqQ AvRvwZK m`vq Ges Zv`i
42

ivRbxwZ wekl Ki wMbnvDR Mvm Kgvbv Ges wZM `kmg~nK wZc~iY

`Iqvi DbZ I `vqx `kmg~ni Uvjevnvbv|
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cwiKbvi (wewmwmGmGwc) AvjvK BwZga AwfhvRb I ckgb wbq
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iqQ| hnZz G wU h_ RbiZc~Y, gvbyli cwZw`bKvi Rxebhvvi
mv_ mwKZ Ges mse`bkxj ZvB Gme welq cwZe`b Zwii
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wbvi cwiPq eRvq ivLv|
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Z_-Dcv Dcvcb h Kvbv fzj ev DkcYvw`Z evLv Dcvcb GKwU
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RjevqywelqK mvsevw`KZvi PPv Kivi ZvB wKQz gj bxwZ gb Pjv DwPZ
hv wK bv h Kvbv aibi wePzwZ _K ivKeP wnme KvR Kie| hgb:

mZ I mwVKfve Rjevqymsv wewfb Z_ Dcvcb Kiv wekl Ki

evwbK Z_-Dcv Dcvcbi vbxq cvcU weePbvq ivLv
h_vme Z_i m~ DjL Kiv, wekl Ki fzfvMx RbMvx, bvix,
e, wk G`i K_v weePbvq Avbv Ges cwZe`b Zv`i ee DjL
Kiv
weZwKZ welq c-wec mevi ee Zzj aiv
mPZbfve Z_wevU Govbvi Pv Kiv; Lqvj ivLv, mZ GKUvB
Ze weklY wfb wfb nZ cvi
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m~ DjLc~eK Dcvcb Kiv
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cwiexY BZvw` cwZwU avc mswk`i (fzfvMx _K i Ki
miKvwi-emiKvwi KgKZv, cK mswk KgKZv) ee Dcvcb Kiv
mgvjvPbv, bwZevPK w`K Zzj aivi gvvvb eRvq ivLv; ewMZ,
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43

RwUj evwbK welqmg~n mvaviY cvVKi cvcU mnR Ki

evLv-weklY Kiv
mgmv Zzj aivi cvkvcvwk mve mgvavbiI BwZ `Iqv

Rjevqy cwieZb A_vqbmsv msev`i welq

AwfhvRb I ckgb GB `ywU welqB g~jZ Rjevqy cwieZb gvKejvq hveZxq
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cvi:

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msLv I Gjvi ZxeZvi evcK ew;
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wech ne RbRxebmn RvZxq A_bxwZ| wekliv ejQb Ges GiB ga

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cKvwkZ nqQ|
Rjevqy cwieZb welq cwZe`b Zwii AvM welqwU KZUv DchvMx Ges
cKvkhvM nZ cvi Zv PKwj Abyhvqx g~jvqb Ki bIqv hZ cvi|
PKwj
Rjevqy cwieZb welq Kvbv cwZe`b Zwii AvM wbPi ckjvi Di LuyR
`Lv hZ cvi| Gme cki Di BwZevPK nj ZeB m welq KvR AMmi
nIqv DwPZ| Zvnj cwZe`bwU cKvwkZ/cPvwiZ nIqvi mvebv eo hve|

Bmy ev welqwU bZzb wK bv?

cvVK-`kK-kvZvi KvQ KZUv AvMnvxcK ne?

eni RbMvx welqwUi mv_ RwoZ wK bv?

welqwUi cfve/Zvrch Kx?

G welq AvM wicvU nqQ wK bv? nj, Zvi m h welq wicvU

Zwii K_v fvev nQ Zvi cv_K Kx? bZzb Kvbv Z_ AvQ wK bv?
wicvUi Rb c~Yv Z_ cvIqv hve wK bv?
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wbR cwZvbi bxwZi m mg^q AvQ wK bv?

AvBwcwmwmi PZz_ g~jvqb cwZe`b AbymiY Ki vbxq weklMY ejQb

h, Rjevqy cwieZbi dj evsjv`k evcKfve nvm cve Kwli
Drcv`bkxjZv, wewNZ ne Rb^v, evnZ ne wkvqb Ges cwiYwZZ
44

45

Rjevqy A_vqb wbq cKvwkZ wicvU

cvq GK nvRvi KvwU UvKvi cvBjU cvMvg Ab KvBgU iwRwjqv

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cwiKbv Kwgkbi mgxv

2009 mvj miKvwi A_vqb wewmwmwUGd MVbi mgq ejv nqwQj, miKvii
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iqQ| wK Rjevqy cwieZb GKwU Riwi welq, ZvB `ZZvi m evevqb
i KiZ ne| cwiek I eb gYvjqi AvIZvq Rjevqy cwieZb BDwbU
vcb Kiv nq cKjvi KvwiMwi w`K g~jvqbi Rb| cK Abygv`b
`Iqvi Rb AvURb gxmn 13 m`mi Rjevqy cwieZb Uvw evW MVb Kiv
nq| Avi A_ Qvo Kivi `vwqZ _vK A_ gYvjqi nvZ| mcwZ miKvi
wewmwmwUGdK GKwU Uv wnme NvlYv KiQ|

Rjevqy Znweji cK RvovZvwj I A^QZv

miKvi 37wU gYvjqi gvag cwZeQi cvq AvU nvRvi KvwU UvKv Rjevqy
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evevwqZ nq| Gi evBi Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvwejvq MZ wZb eQi gvU
wZbwU ^Z Znwej MVb Kiv nqQ| cuvP nvRvi KvwU UvKvi Gme Znweji
AvIZvq Ggb me cK bIqv nQ, hv GwWwci gaB iqQ|
cwiKbv Kwgkbi evsjv`k Rjevqy cwieZb miKvwi eq bvgi GKwU
mgxv cwZe`b Gme Z_ ewiq GmQ| RvwZmsN Dbqb Kgm~wPi
(BDGbwWwc) mnvqZvq GK eQi ai cwiPvwjZ MelYvi wfwZ Zwi 170
cvi IB cwZe`b ejv nqQ, Avjv`v wZbwU Znweji gvag A_ eq
cwqvq miKvwi Kvhwewa jNb, `yej AvBwb KvVvgv w`q Kvhg cwiPvjbv I
A^QZv `Lv w`qQ| miKvwi cK cYqb, g~jvqb I Z`viwK cwqvi evBi
_vKvq Rjevqy Znweji eenvii KvhKvwiZv wbqI ck iqQ|
dj me wgwjq miKvii Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvwejvi KvR mg^qnxb Ges
RvovZvwj w`qB PjQ| cwiKbv Kwgkbi m~jv ejQ, Rjevqy
Znwejjvi gvag eq Kiv A_i eo AskB eevcbvMZ wU I
mg^qnxbZvi KviY g~j myweav-fvMx`i KvQ cuQvQ bv| Avevi GKB j
wbq GKB aibi cK GwWwc I Rjevqy Znweji gvag evevwqZ nIqvq eo
Ai A_i AcPq nQ|
miKvii Rjevqy cwieZbwelqK Kkjc Rjevqy cwieZbK g~j avivi
A_bwZK KgKvi m GKvZ Kivi K_v ejv nqQ| A_P wfb c_ AbymiY
Ki GKi ci GK Znwej MVb Kiv nQ| G ch miKvwi, Dbqb-mnhvMx
`k Ges wekevsK I Gkxq Dbqb evsKi (GwWwe) A_vqb Znwej wZbwU
MVb Kiv nqQ| cwZwU Znweji Rb iqQ Avevi Avjv`v KZc|
G welq cwiKbv Kwgkbi mvaviY A_bxwZ wefvMi m`mmwPe kvgmyj Avjg
c_g AvjvK ejb, miKvii Rjevqy cwieZbwelqK Kkjc Rjevqy
cwieZbwelqK KvhgK evwlK Dbqb Kgm~wPi (GwWwc) Afy Kivi
mycvwik Kiv nqwQj| wK m j Avi AwRZ nqwb| ZvB mejv Rjevqy
ZnwejK GwWwc cYqb I evevqb cwqvq hy Kiv DwPZ|
`Z KiZ wMq: GwWwc cKjvi evevqbi MwZ axi, GB hywZ wZbwU
Znweji gvag miKvi Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvwejvq KvR KiQ| Gi ga
miKvwi A_vqb AvovB nvRvi KvwU UvKvi evsjv`k Rjevqy cwieZb Uv dv
(wewmwmwUGd) cwiPvwjZ nQ GKwU Uvw evWi gvag| Dbqb-mnhvMx
`kjvi A_vqb `o nvRvi KvwU UvKvi evsjv`k KvBgU P iwRwjqv
dv (wewmwmAviGd) cwiPvjbv KiQ wekevsK| wekevsK I GwWwei A_vqb
46

Uv m~ Rvbv MQ, BwZga 139wU cKi AvIZvq gvU GK nvRvi 531

KvwU 89 jvL UvKv I 63wU emiKvwi msvi bvg 25 KvwU Qq jvL UvKv eiv
`Iqv nqQ| wewfb miKvwi I emiKvwi msv Gme eiv cqQ|
mvaviYfve miKvii GwWwc evevqbi nvi 90 kZvski ewk| A_P Rjevqy
cwieZb Znweji cKjvi AMMwZi nvi 20 _K 25 kZvsk| dj Riwi
wfwZ evevqbi K_v ejv njI mePq axiMwZZ Gi evevqb nQ|
Mvovq Mj`: wewmwmAviGd I wcwcwmAvi bvgi `ywU Znweji KvwiMwi
eevcbvi `vwqZ wekevsK I GwWwei njI Gi Z`viKKvix cwiek I eb
gYvjq| A_P cwiek I eb gYvjqi wbR`i GwWwc evevqbi nvi Ab
gYvjqjvi Zyjbvq wcwQq| PjwZ 2012-13 A_eQii mekl wnmve Abyhvqx,
GwWwc evevqbi w`K _K 54wU gYvjqi ga Zv`i Aevb 42Zg|
cwiKbv Kwgkbi Zwi Kiv cwZe`b Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvwejv Kvhgi
bZZ `Iqvi cwiek I eb gYvjqi AvBb I KvhwewaMZ eaZv wbqI
ck Zvjv nqQ| msvcb gYvjq _K wewfb gYvjqi Rb h Kvhwewa
Zwi Kiv nqQ, ZvZ Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvwejvi welqwU `yhvM eevcbv
gYvjqi KvRi GLwZqvii ga Afy Kiv nqQ| Avevi miKvii
evevqb, cixweY I g~jvqb wefvM (AvBGgBwW) _K Kvbv cwi`kb I
g~jvqbI nQ bv| dj mvgwMKfve Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvwejvq GB wZb
Znwej KZUv KvhKi f~wgKv ivLZ cviQ, Zv wbqI wekliv ck ZyjQb|
cwiek I ebgx nvQvb gvngy` Gme welq c_g AvjvK ejb, huviv GB
cwZe`bwU Zwi KiQb, Zuviv Rjevqy Uv dv mK fvjvgZv LuvR
bbwb| Kbbv, Rjevqy Uv dvwU weMZ ZveavqK miKvii Avgj Zwi
Ges RvZxq msm` Abygv`b nIqv AvBb w`q cwiPvwjZ nQ| cwiek I eb
gYvjq Gi mvwPweK `vwqZ cvjb KiQ|
cwiekgx `vwe Kib, miKvii Ab gYvjq _K GgbwK cwiek I eb
gYvjqi wbR^ cKjvi PqI Rjevqy Znweji cKjvi evevqbi MwZ
ewk| dj cwZe`b hme Z_ I weklY nvwRi Kiv nqQ, Zv mwVK bq|

47

eevcbvZB ewk LiP: cwiKbv Kwgkbi MelYvi m hy MelKiv

RvwbqQb, ewki fvM cKi eevcbv LiP ev IfvinW K mvaviYZ gvU
eivi 10 _K 15 kZvsk A_ aiv nq| G Qvov KvBgU P iwRwjqv
dvi KvwiMwi eevcbv eve` wekevsK gvU eivi 7 kZvsk KU ivLQ|
wcwcwmAvi Znweji GwWwe cvq mgcwigvY A_ KU ivLQ|
Gi evBi cwZwU cKi eevcbv LiP eve` 10 _K 15 kZvsk, A_vr
Rjevqy cwieZb LvZ eiv `Iqv cuvP nvRvi KvwU UvKvi ga cvq GK nvRvi
KvwU UvKv eevcbv LiP eve` Pj hvQ|
mekl cwiKbv Kwgkbi cwZe`b Rjevqy Znweji bZZ`vbKvix gYvjqK
ay KvwiMwi w`K `Lfvji `vwqZ w`q evwK Kvhg cwiKbv gYvjq Ges A_
Qvoi `vwqZ A_ gYvjqi Ici Qo `Iqvi mycvwik Kiv nqQ|
c_g Avjv, 20 Ryb 2013

Rjevqy cwieZbwelqK mvsevw`KZvq Rvi mse`bkxjZv

Rjevqy cwieZbi cfve mKji Ici GKBiKg coe bv| mePq Kg m`
AvQ hvi, mB mePq ewk fzfvMx ne| wekl Ki bvixi Ici Rjevqyi
cfve coe ewk| RvwZmsN RbmsLv Znweji (BDGbGdwcG) GK
cwZe`b ejv nq, Mwie `ki `wi` bvix`i Ici Rjevqy cwieZbi cfve
coe mePq ewk, hw`I GB cwieZb Zv`i `vq LyeB Kg| cwZe`b AviI
ejv nqQ, evsjv`ki cwZ mvZRbi GKRb bvix Rjevqy wechqi wkKvi|
` U Ae Iqv ccyjkb Abyhvqx weki 150 KvwU `wi` bvix Rjevqy
cwieZbi mve fzfvMx`i ZvwjKvq mePq mvgbi mvwiZ iqQ|
evsjv`k Rjevqy cwieZbi dj h cvKwZK wechq NU Zv bvixK AvNvZ
Ki mePq ewk| G mgq bvixi msmvii KvR eo hvq, ZvK cwZKj
cwiek Lv` cZ, Rvjvwb I cvwb msMni Rb AbK ewk mgq Ges kg
w`Z nq| cvKwZK wechqi mgq bvix GKw`K wkK wbivc` vb bIqvi
Pv Ki, Abw`K ZvK Mnvwji wRwbmc ivi Pv KiZ nq|
evsjv`ki Pi I DcKjxq Aj Rjevqy cwieZbi cfve gvKvejvq K`xq
f~wgKvZB _vK bvixiv| AwfZv _K `Lv hvq, h Kvbv `yhvM bvixiv
ewk wec`vcb nq| bvixi GB bvRyKZv Lye fve `Lv nq bv| cvkvcvwk
Rjevqy cwieZbi SzuwK gvKvejvq bvixi AwfZv Zgbfve mvgb Avbv nq
bv| Zviv GB cwieZbi mv_ AwfhvRb Kivi Kkj Rvb Ges Kxfve Gi
cfve Kg ne mwUI Rvb| msMVK wnme, bZv wnme Ges msmvii
`vwqZevb gvbyl wnme bvix Rjevqy cwieZbi AbZg KviY Kveb
WvB-AvBW ckgbI iZc~Y f~wgKv ivLZ cvi| KvRB Rjevqy
48

cwieZbwfwK Kkjc, A_vqb Ges cK wjxq `wfw Riwi (bvix

mePq ewk SzuwKZ, RvevB`v bvmixb, c_g Avjv, 17 wWm^i 2009)|
Rjevqy cwieZbmsv Kvbv cwZe`b cYqbi mvsevw`KK AekB
Dciv welqjv weePbvq wbZ ne Ges welq wbevPb, Z_ msMn I
cwZe`b iPbvq Rvi mse`bkxj nZ ne| bvixi cwZ cPwjZ cyilZvwK
mvgvwRK `wfwi evBi wMq bvixi Aev I Aevbi cKZ wP Zzj aiZ
ne| Rjevqy cwieZbi cfvemsv bvix AwaKvi welqK BmyjvK cvavb
w`q bvix welqK my mvgvwRK welqmg~nI Zzj AvbZ ne|
m j bvix msev`m~ wbgvY I hvMvhvM iv Kiv Ges Z_ msMni
bvix msev`m~K cvavb `Iqv Riwi| mRb mvsevw`KK vbxq bvix`i Avv
ARb KiZ ne, hvZ Zviv mnR cKZ Z_ cKvk KiZ mnR eva Ki|
msev` jLvi mgqI Rvi mse`bkxj k eenvi Kiv Ges bvixi cwZ
AegvbbvKi k eenvi bv Kivi mPZb Pv _vKZ ne| wbhvZbi wkKvi
h ne Zvi bvg ev Qwei e`j me nj wbhvZbKvixi bvg I Qwe eenvi Kiv
Ges bvix m~ _K cv Z_ I DwZi h_vh_ eenvi Kiv GKRb mvsevw`Ki
Rb Aek cvjbxq|
Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZi KviY mgvR bvix-cyili Aev I Aevbi
cv_Kjv Zzj aivi gvag RbmPZbZv ew Kiv Ges bvixi Aev I Aevbi
Dbqbi ga w`q bvix cyili mgZv AvbZ f~wgKv ivLv GKRb mvsevw`Ki
`vwqZ| Gi ga w`q Rjevqy cwieZbi cfve gvKvejv Ges mvgwMKfve
`vwi` wegvPbmn mvgvwRK AMMwZZ KvhKi f~wgKv ivLv me ne|

bvix`i wec`vcbZv wbq cKvwkZ wicvU

wechqi wkKvi bvix
Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ gvKvwejvq DcKji bvixiv wngwkg LvQb| GZ
gv I wki Acyw Ges gZznvi eoQ| RvwZmsN RbmsLv Znwej
BDGbGdwcGi GK cwZe`b ejv nqQ, evsjv`ki cwZ mvZRbi GKRb
bvix Rjevqy wechqi wkKvi|
wekl`i gZ, Rjevqy cwieZbi dj m cfve bvixiv ewk wZi myLxb
nQb| GZ bvixi Ici msmvii `vwqZ eo MQ| cwZKj cwiek Lv`
cyZ, Rvjvwb I cvwb msMni Rb ewk kg w`Z nQ Zuv`i|
49

So-RjvQvmi mgq bvixiv wk I Mnvwj wRwbmc ivi Pv Kivq AbK

bvix I wk gviv hvb| miKvwi wnmve, N~wYSo wmWi mviv `k wZb nvRvi
447 Rb gviv hvq| Gi ga eibvq gviv hvq GK nvRvi 540 Rb| wbnZ`i
70 fvMB bvix I wk|
LvIqvi cvwbi msKU: jeYvZv eo hvIqvq DcKj f~-Mf cvwbZ Gi
cfve coQ| DcKj wgVvcvwb `ycvc nq DVQ| dj ewki fvM cwievii
bvixiv gvBji ci gvBj nuU LvIqvi cvwb msMn Kib|
eibvi cv_iNvUv DcRjvi Usiv Mvgi Avgbv eMgi ^vgx gbv ecvwi
mKvj DV KvRi mvb ewiq hvb| ZvB evwo _K cvq GK wKjvwgUvi
nuU I Lvj cvwo w`q ZuvK cwZw`b LvIqvi cvwb AvbZ nq| GB Mvgi
kZvwaK cwievii bvix Gfve cwZw`b cvwb msMn Kib|
evoQ wk I cm~wZ gZz: cvwbm` cwiKbv msvi (WweDGAviwcI) `Iqv
DcKjxq Aj eevcbv cwiKbv cwZe`b Abyhvqx, ewikvj wefvMi bvixiv
cRbb ^vmev cvIqvi mePq wcwQq| mviv `k 92 fvM bvix Ni
em mvb cme Kib| DcKj mB nvi 96| Gi ga ewikvj 68 fvM bvix
Kvbv iKg cRbb mev cvb bv| ^v Awa`ii 2003 mvji Z_ Abyhvqx,
DcKjxq GjvKvq gvZgZz nvi wQj cwZ nvRvi cuvPRb| GB nvi cwZ jvL
194 Rb bvwgq Avbvi K_v ejv njI eve Zv me nqwb|
c_g Avjvi Abymvb `Lv hvq, MZ wZb eQi ewikvj ki evsjv gwWKj
KjR nvmcvZvj cvq mvo wZb nvRvi gv I wki gZz nqQ| nvmcvZvj m~
Rvbvq, wZb eQi G nvmcvZvj cvY nvivb 295 Rb cm~wZ| Gi ga 2012
mvj 95 Rb, 2011 mvj 112 Ges 2010 mvj 88 Rb cm~wZi gZz nq|
2012 mvj RbKvj 514 wki gZz nq| A_vr IB eQi 609 Rb cm~wZ I
wkgZzi NUbv NUQ| GKB eQi nvmcvZvjwUZ mvZ nvRvi 577 Rb cm~wZ
wPwKrmv wbqwQjb| miKvwi wnmve ewikvj wefvM eZgvb gvZ I wkgZz
nvi cwZ jvL 194 Rb| eve gvZ I wkgZz nvi eY ewk|
GUvK A^vfvweK ge Ki kievsjv gwWKj KjR nvmcvZvji x I
cm~wZwe`v wefvMi mnKvix AavcK AvKei nvmb c_g AvjvK ejb,
Rjevqy cwieZbi dj mePq SzuwKi gyL coQb bvixiv| wbivc` cvwb, Lv`
I cwiekMZ ewiZvq bvbvgyLx ^vSzuwK eoQ|
c_g Avjv, 1 RyjvB 2013

50

wewfb aibi wicvU

mv`vgvUv ev nvW wicvU
mv`vgvUv cwZe`b ejZ mvaviYfve Avgiv h Kvbv welq ZvrwYK
NUbvi cwZ mvaviYfve DcvwcZ cwZe`bK eyS _vwK| G aibi
cwZe`b K, Kx, Kv_vq, KLb, Kb I Kxfve Gme cki Di _vK eU
Ze Zv KLbv w`bi NUbvi AwZwi wKQz bq| Gme wevwiZ evLv ev
Mfxifve Abymvbi myhvM _vK bv| Ze hZUzKz Z_ Zzj aiv nq Zv hb
mZ I mwVKfve DcvwcZ nq mUvB nQ fve mv`v-gvUv cwZe`b
Zwii Pvj|
Rjevqy cwieZb welq mv`vgvUv cwZe`b mvaviYZ Rjevqy cwieZbi KviY
hme cvKwZK `yhvM nQ Ges Gi dj RbMYi q-wZi cwimsLvb,
Rjevqy cwieZb welqK Kbdvi wKsev miKvwi bxwZgvjv, AvRvwZK
AvjvPbv, `iKlvKvwl Gme welq wbq nq _vK| evsjv`ki cvcU GB
myhvM gkB cmvwiZ nQ| evsjv`k nQ mePq `yhvMceY Aj ev
nUU| ZvB wbqwgZfveB Rjevqymsv wewfb welq bvbv mfv, mwgbvi,
mjb hgb AbywZ nq Zgwb _vK bvbv msev` mjb Ges gvV chvq
Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvejvq MnxZ KgKvi bvbv LeivLei| Gme welq
mv`v-gvUv Rjevqy cwZe`b Zwi hvq|
G gb ivLZ ne, welqi iZ wbevPbi ciI cwZe`b AvKlYxq bvI
nZ cvi hw` Zv mwVK iZ mnKvi Dcvcb ev cwiekb bv Kiv nq|
mwVKfve I AvKlYxq Ki Rjevqy welqK msev` cwiekbi GKwU AZZg kZ
nQ, welqi Ici cwZe`Ki wbRi mgK aviYv jvf| G wZwb hv Kieb:
Rjevqy cwieZbi KviY, bwZevPK cfve, Rjevqy wbq ewkK
ivRbxwZ, `iKlvKwl, evsjv`k Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ
gvKvejvq MnxZ wewfb KgKkj, A_vqb Gme welq mK vb
ARb I mswk eBc msMn Ges cvV
Rjevqy cwieZbi A_vqbmn wewfb MelYvq cv cqvRbxq Z_vw` msMn
Rjevqy cwieZb hnZz AcvKZ RwUj Ges Gi mv_ cwiek,
ivRbxwZ, A_bxwZ, Rvjvwb, Kwl, wevbmn bvbvgvwK welq RwoZ,
KvRB mswk wekli KvQ _K fvjvfve welq mK Rb bIqv
`wk-we`wk bvbv aibi idvi iqQ Zvi h_vh_ eenvi Kiv| Ze
mewKQyB vbxq cvcU Zzj aivi welq Rvi `Iqv|
51

Rjevqy welq mv`vgvUv cwZe`b ZwiZ cwZe`Ki wbRi cwZ, Z_

msMni mvabv, mveavbZv BZvw` hgb Riwi Zgwb Riwi mwVK KvVvgvZ
dj cwZe`bwU cwiekb Kiv| wVK KvVvgvZ cwZe`bwU Zwi nQ wK bv
Zv evSvi Rb wbgwjwLZ welqjv bRi ivLv `iKvi:
msMnxZ me Z_-Dcv, wekl ee, bxwZ-wbaviKi ge, weklY
cybevi chvjvPbv Kiv|
iZ I eYbvi g Abyhvqx Kvb Z_, ee c_g I KvbwU ci
mvRvZ ne Zv g~jvqb Kiv| G lo K Gi eenvi Kiv
(K/Kviv, Kx, Kb, KLb, Kv_vq, Kxfve)
wbRK cvVK, kvZv, `kKi f~wgKvq Kbv Ki wPv Kiv| GB
cwZe`b _K cvVK-kvZv-`kK AMvwaKvi wfwZ Kx ewk RvbZ
PvBe, KvbUv AvM RvbZ PvBe BZvw`|
mvaviYfve
mv`vgvUv msev` cwZe`b Zwii AbymZ
Dv-wcivwgW KvVvgv gb Pjv|
h_vh_fve Z_m~ DjL Kiv
Mfxi ev BbWc_& wicvU
Mfxi ev BbWc_ cwZe`b ejZ Avgiv eywS NUbvi cQbi NUbv, Z_i
cQbi Z_, DcwiZji wbP jyKvbv ggv_ LyuR ei Kiv| Z` ev
Abymvbi gvag Kvbv welq ARvbv ev jyKvbv Z_ ei Ki AvbvB njv
G aibi cwZe`bi g~j Dk| G aibi cwZe`b mv`v-gvUv cwZe`bi
AwZwi wKQz _vK, hLvb welqi Mfxi wMq Aviv ewk AvjvKcvZi
cqvm _vK, cvVK-kvZv-`kKi myweav_ wKQzUv weklYi cqvm _vK|
Rjevqy cwieZb A_vqb welq Mfxi cwZe`b Zwii AevwiZ myhvM iqQ|
g~jZ Abymvbg~jK cwZe`b Qvov Rjevqy A_vqbmsv cwZe`b mwVKfve
Zzj Avbv me bq| G aibi cwZe`bi dj Rjevqy A_vqb
miKvwi-emiKvwi chvq hme Kvhg wewfb chvq evevwqZ nQ Zvi eve
djvdj fzfvMx RbMY KZUv cvQ Ges cKi Znwej eenvi KZUv ^QZv
eRvq ivLv nQ Zv Rvbvi myhvM Zwi ne| G aibi Mfxi cwZe`b
cKvk-cPvii gvag Rjevqy cwieZb Znweji mwVK eenvi wbwZ KiZ Ges
G LvZ mykvmb cwZvi MYgvag iZc~Y f~wgKv cvjb KiZ cvi|
Mfxi cwZe`b Zwii cwqvq c_g h welqjv wbq KvR Kiv hZ cvi:

h_vh_fve i Kiv| Kz ev BwZ Pbv| Kvbv aibi Awbqg-`ybxwZ

52

ev wbqg-bxwZi cwicw wKQz nQ wK bv Zvi Kvbv AvjvgZ LuyR ei

Kiv| mB c_ ai AwaKZi Z`i Rb AMmi nIqv| G
Rjevqy welqK cK cvebv _K iZc~Y Kz ev BwZ cvIqv hZ
cvi hv Abymvb Ki cwZe`b Zwi Kiv me| cK cvebvq
hfve ejv nqQ KvRwU mfve nqQ wK bv ev Avw_K ^QZv eRvq
wQj wK bv BZvw` `Lv hZ cvi|

Kz KZUv kwkvjx I wbfikxj Zv hvPvB Kiv| AbK aibi Z_ ev

AvjvgZi BwZ wgjZ cvi, Ze Zv fvjvfve hvPvB Ki `LZ
ne, Zv bv nj cwikg e_v hZ cvi ev fzj c_ cwiPvwjZ nIqvi
AvksKv _vK|
cv_wgK Z_vw`i wfwZ welqi evcKZv, Z_cvwi myhvM Rb
bIqv| Av` wbR Aevb _K cwZe`b Zwi me wK bv fe `Lv|
mve m~, Kkj, Kx cwigvY A_ eq ne Zv wbicY Kiv|
nvBcvw_wmm ev c~evbygvb `uvo Kivbv| cv_wgK Z_vw`i wfwZ
Abymvb Kx ei nq AvmZ cvi mwU Abygvb Ki cwZe`b Zwii
KvR GwMq wbq hvIqv fvjv| P~ov Abymvb nvBcvw_wmm fzj
cgvwYZ njI wZ bB, h Z_ cvIqv MQ Zv w`qB cwZe`b Zwi
ne| Ze nvBcvw_wmm _vKvi myweav njv cwZe`b ii Rb GKwU
wbw` c_ ai GwMq hvIqv hvq| Kv_v _K, Kxfve i Kiv ne Zv
wbq nvZo eovZ nq bv|
MYgvagi cwjwm I welqi ga mg^q NUvbv LyeB iZc~Y| GKK
MYgvagi GKK aibi cwjwm _vKZ cvi| KvRB cwZe`b Zwii
AvM KZci mv_ AvjvPbv Ki bIqv fvjv|
cwiPvjbhvMZv wbicY Kiv| cv_wgK Z_vw`i wfwZ mvweKfve
cwZe`bwU Zwi Kiv me ne wK bv Zv weePbv Ki `Lv| G
vbxq eveZv, Z_ msMn, A_ eq BZvw` welq weePbvq AvmZ cvi|
Lmov cwiKbv cYqb Kiv| GwU cwZe`b ZwiK GwMq wbZ
mnvqZv Ki| gvV bvgvi AvM wbR GKwU Lmov cwiKbv Ki bIqv
fvjv| Gi ga mve Z_, mve m~ BZvw` welq _vKZ cvi|

wicvU Zwii Kkj

Z_ wbevPb GKwU iZc~Y welq| Mfxi cwZe`bi Rb bvbvb m~

53

_K AbK Z_ RvMvo KiZ nq| mLvb _K cwZe`bi Rb

cqvRbxq Z_ evQvB Ki wbZ ne| Zvnj cwZe`b Zwi mnR
ne Ges dvKvm mywbw` _vKe|

Abymvbi djvdj ev wmv w`q m~Pbv Zwi| msMnxZ Z_ _K

g~j h welqwU ei nq Avme mwU w`q m~Pbv Kiv hZ cvi|
m~PbvUv hb evgv dvUvi gZv Kvbv welq nq A_vr
cvVK-`kK-kvZv co ev `LB hb PgK DV|
NUbvq RwoZ ew`i wicvU Afy Kiv| mswk welq
fvjvfve wekl gZvgZ bIqv I welqi Ici MelYv Kiv|
RwUj welq mnR Kivi Rb Mvd, PvU, mviwY eenvi Kiv|
wicvUi evowZ Ask wPwZ Kiv| wicvUwU hb Z_-fvivv bv
nq Ges g~j dvKvm _K mi bv hvq m Rb evowZ Z_ dj w`q
SiSi Ki Zvjv `iKvi| weklY KiZ wMq evj K_vi
AeZviYv bv Kiv ev GKB K_vi cybivew Kiv DwPZ bq|
Mfxi cwZe`b hb cvwZc~Y Awfm`f cwiYZ bv nq mw`K
bRi ivLv|
mevcwi gb ivLZ ne Mfxi cwZe`bI GK aibi wicvwUs Ges
KvbvfveB Zv ce, wbe ev MelYvc bq| A_vr wicvUi Pwi
eRvq _vKZ ne|

Rjevqy cwieZb welq Mfxi cwZe`b iPbvi fvjvfve Z_ msMn,

hvPvB-evQvB I wePvi-weklY LyeB Riwi| h welqi Mfxi wMq weklY
Kiv nQ m welq cwZe`Ki wbRi aviYv I evSvcov c_g ^Q Ki
wbZ ne| gb ivLZ ne GKRb wavw^Z cwZe`K KLbv Kvbv Mfxi
cwZe`b Dcnvi w`Z cvieb bv hv Zvi cvVK-kvZv-`kKiv mnR eyS
wbZ mg ne|
Avi wbRi mB cwZi Rb cqvRb gvV _K mwVK Z_ Rb Avmv, mswk
KgKZv, Rjevqy wekl, cwiekwe`, bxwZ-wbaviKi cvkvcvwk
miKvwi-emiKvwi cwZvbi KgKZv A_vr gvV chvq hviv Rjevqy wbq KvR
KiQ Zv`i mv_ K_v ejv, Zv`i aviYv, ee I gZvgZi mwVK cwZdjb
NUvbv| mePq iZc~Y njv Rjevqy cwieZbi wkKvi mvaviY fzfvMx
RbMYi Z_ I gZvgZ iZmnKvi cwZe`b Zzj Avbv|
54

RjevqywelqK Mfxi cwZe`bi KvVvgv

djvdj/cfve/cwZwqv: mgmv ev mgmvi mvigg A_ev NUbvi cfve
cwiYwZi eYbv/Zzjbv ev mycvwiki mvigg m~Pbvq Zzj aiv| mePq AvKlYxq
I PgKc` Z_ w`q m~Pbv Kiv DwPZ|
KvhKviY weklY I cgvY Dcvcb: Z_ iZi g Abyhvqx mvRvbv Ges
cwZe`bi cwZwU i Z_ Ges Z_i ^c cgvY Dcvcb KiZ ne
Ges KvhKviY weklY KiZ ne| Abymvbx cwZe`bK Zzjbv Kiv nq
jZvbv MvQi mv_| LuywU bv w`j hgb jZvbv MvQ `uvwoq _vKZ cvi bv|
Abymvbx cwZe`bI ee ev Z_i ^c hyw I cgvY w`q GK
wekvmhvM Ki ZzjZ nq| Zv bv nj cvVK-`kK-kvZvi KvQ MnYhvM
Ki Zvjv hvq bv, cwZe`bwU Szj co|
Dcmsnvi I fwelr w`K-wb`kbv: cwZe`bi kl GKwU w`K-wb`kbv
_vKZ nq| A_vr GB Aev PjZ _vKj cwiYwZ Kx nZ cvi A_ev
mgmvwU mgvavbi mve KiYxq Kx nZ cvi m aibi GKwU BwZ ev
mycvwik w`j fvjv| Rjevqy msv wicvUi ay mgmv Zzj bv ai
mve mgvavbi K_v ejv LyeB `iKvi| gvbyl ay mgmvi K_v bZ Pvq bv|
Zviv mgvavbi c_I `LZ Pvq|
wdPvi I gvbweK Ave`bg~jK cwZe`b

mvsevw`KZv ev jLvjwL aygv gvbylK Rvbvbvi Rb bq| fvevbvi RbI|

gvbyli fZiKvi AveMK RvwMq Zvjvi RbI| gvbweK Ave`bg~jK
cwZe`b gvbyli cvYi g~j myiwU Zzj aiv nq| G aibi cwZe`b cvVKi
ga nvwm-Kvbv. vf I NYv RvMvq| wdPvi nQ gvbweK Ave`bmg GK
wekl aibi iPbv| gvbweK Ave`b mwi gZv wdPvii Ggb GK ewk,
hv wdPviK Ab me aibi jLv _K c_K mv `vb Ki| Rjevqy cwieZb
welq mv`v-gvUv I Mfxi cwZe`bi evBiI Dchy welq wbevPb Ki
bvbviKg PgKc` wdPvi ev gvbweK Ave`bgq cwZe`b iPbv Kiv hZ
cvi| wdPvi wjLZ hv gb ivLZ nq:
mZ, ewb I wekvmhvM Z_ Dcvcb Kiv
mvejxj fvlv eenvi Kiv
i _K kl ch AveM ev Ave`b ai ivLv
AvKlYxq Ki Zvjv
UvbUvbfve eYbv Kiv
55

bvUKxqZv Zwi Kiv, Ze AwZbvUKxqZv cwinvi Kiv

cvkvcvwk ev avivevwnKfe DcvwcZ Z_ ev welqi ga hvMm~ eRvq ivLv
AwZib cwinvi Kiv
GKwU wdPvi GKwUgv `wKvY ev K`xq welqK wNi wjLZ ne
wcivwgW ev wgk KvVvgvZ jLv
h AveMwU mvwiZ KiZ PvIqv nqQ, Zv cyiv wdPviwUZ ai ivLvi
Pv Kiv
wdPvi wbR^ ge ev wbRi Zwi evYx bv `Iqv
Z_i mZZv Dcvcbi Rb D`vniY `Iqv
`wfw hb _vK KjvYi w`K, bwZevPK w`KK eo Ki bv Zvjv
Rvi mse`bkxj Z_v bvixi cwZ ghv`vc~Y k-evK eenvi Kiv

hnZz G aibi jLvi Rb welq wbevPb LyeB Riwi ZvB Avgiv GLvb wKQz
wKQz welqi AeZviYv KiZ cvwi hv D`vniY wnme MnYxq nZ cvi| hgb:
Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ gvKvejvq bZzb bZzb chywi Dveb I
eenvi
evqygj Kvebi cwigvY eo hvIqvq RbRxeb cfve
ebf~wg DRvo I wbwePvi ewbabi cfve
FZzewP cwieZb Ges Gi cfve
cvKwZK `yhvM hgb, AwZew, ebv, Abvew, Liv BZvw`i dj
Kwlmn Rxebhvvq cfve
N~wYSo, UbWv, mybvwg, mvgyw`K RjvQvm, f~wgK, f~wgam, `~lY,
b`xfvOb, gvwUi jeYvZv ew BZvw`i dj gvbyli `yfvM I qwZ
Rjevqy cwieZb gvKejvq MnxZ cKi mdjZv ev e_Zvi Kvwnwb
Rjevqy Dv
Rjevqy mnbkxj AeKvVvgv Dbqb I Gi djvdj
Rjevqy cwieZbi mv_ mwKZ bvbv Bmycwiek, ivRbxwZ,
A_bxwZ, Rvjvwb, wevb, Kwl, Lv` wbivcv BZvw`
Rjevqy cwieZb welq Kvbv eZvi Kw_Kv ev Uwjwfkb wekl
wdPvi cwZe`bi I mgmvgwqK welq wbevPb Ki mwVK dzUR
eenvi Kiv nj Gme wdPvi `kK-kvZvi KvQ MnYxq nq DVe|
56

mcPvi gvag RjevqywelqK wicvwUs

mvaviY ev mv`vgvUv wicvU: NUbvi ZvrwYK cwZe`bB mv`vgvUv wicvU|

cwZw`bKvi iwWI-wUwf eyjwUb G aibi mvaviY wicvU ev cv_wgK

wicvUi cqvRb iqQ| G aibi wicvU KiZ wicvUvi mgq cvb Kg,
Z_ msMn KiZ nq ZvovZvwo, wicvU wjLZ Ges GwWwUs KiZI nq
ZvovZvwo| Kbbv, cwZw`b NU hvIqv wewfb NUbvi mvaviY eYbv _vK Gme
wicvU| Avi cwZw`bi Uwjwfkb, iwWI msev` G aibi wicvUB _vK
ewk| hgb, Rjevqy mjb wbq cwiek I eb gYvjqi msev` mjb,
Rjevqy welqK Kvbv mwgbvi, wmvwRqvg, Kgkvjv, MelYv Dcvcbv
BZvw`| Gme cwZe`b mswk msev` mjb ev mwgbvi eviv hv ejb
ZvB g~jZ Zzj aiv nq|
Uwjwfkb mB Kgm~wP ev NUbvi Qwe `Lvbv nq| AbyvbwUK evSvZ Gi
cwiwPwZ ev evbvimn gvvi kU Ges iZc~Y ev`i KvR I `yB ev
KqKRbi wgW kU BZvw` eenvi Kiv nq| iwWIZI cPvi Kiv nq IB
AbyvbiB aviY Kiv k|
Avevi nqZv Kv_vI Rjevqy cwieZbi cfve Kvbv ivM-evwa `Lv w`qQ
ev dmj Drcv`b evnZ nQ, Gme NUbvi ZvrwYK ev DcwiZji Z_wfwK
weeiYI mv`vgvUv wicvU| G aibi wicvU QqwU cv_wgK ck Kx, K,
KLb, Kv_vq, Kb Ges Kxfve-Gi msw Di _vKZ nq|
me _K iZc~Y Z_ w`qB G aibi wicvUi m~Pbv wjLZ nq| Z_
mvRvZ nq hwK weePbvK gv_vq iL|
BbWc_& ev Mfxi wicvU: eZgvb eveZvq iwWI I Uwjwfkbi cPwjZ

msev` KvVvgvq G aibi BbWc_ ev Mfxi wicvU Kivi myhvM Kg| Ze,
Kvbv GKwU wbw` welqi Dci wmwiR wicvU Kij Uwjwfkb ev iwWIZ
BbWc_ wicvwUs Kiv me| evLv-weklY Ges cPzi Z_ hvMvo Ki,
NUbvi fZii NUbv Z` Ki GKUz mgq wbq G aibi wicvU KiZ nq|
me aibi wicvUB wKQz bv wKQz Abymvb _vKjI Abymvbx wicvU `vwe Ki
Gi Pq ewk wicvUi welqKw`K hZc~Y I Kkjx Abymvb| G aibi
wicvUi Rb ZvB `iKvi mywPwZ cwiKbv, mywbw` c`c, chv mgq,
wicvUvii mZ Abymvbi `p AxKvi Ges cqvRbxq A_ I DcKiY A_vr
Kvgiv, iKWvi, Mvwo BZvw`i hvMvb|
57

GKwU wbw` welq wbq `xNmgq jM _K Abymvbx wicvU Zwi Kiv hvq|
msLvq Kg njI evsjv`k Uwjwfkb I iwWIZ B`vbxs Rjevqy wbq
Abymvbx cwZe`b Zwii cqvm `Lv hvQ|
aiv hvK, `k Rjevqy-mwnz bZzb RvZi wKQz exR Avg`vwb Kiv nqQ,
evsjv`ki gvwU I cvwbi Rb mB exR Dchy wK bv, Gi cixvMvii
MelYvUv nqZv Kwlwevbxiv Kieb, wKy KlKiv Gi cfveUv eySeb
nvZ-Kjg KvR Ki| wKsev miKvwi KgKZviv nqZv Rvi Ki GB exRwU
KlKi Ici Pvwcq w`Z PvBQb, eva KiQb Zv`i IB wekl exRwU eenvi
KiZ, Abymvbx wicvUvi LuyR ei KiZ cvib Gi cQbi KviY| nqZv
exR KvvwbwU KvDK Nyl w`qQ, wKsev KD gvUv AsKi Kwgkb cqQ|
evsjv`k Rjevqy Znweji A_vqb bvbv aibi cK evevwqZ nQ| mme
cK mwVK wbqg Ges cqvRb hvPvB Ki bIqv nhQ wK bv, cK
mwVKfve evevqb nQ bvwK Awbqg-`ybxwZ nQ Gme welq wbqI Mfxi
cwZe`b nZ cvi|

cwiKbv I MelYv
msev`ci gZv wUwf ev iwWI wicvUviKI fvjv wicvU KiZ nj
wicvUi welqe wbq LvwbKUv MelYv Ki wbZ nq| GB MelYv `xN ev
RwUj Kvbv welq bq| eis gbvhvM w`q Kz ev cv_wgK Z_ hvPvB-evQvB
Kiv, Abygvbwbfi Z_ `Iqv _K weiZ _vKv, NUbvi KvhKviY mK wPwZ
Ki, mB NUbvi cKZ ^ic wbaviY KivB MelYv|
Qwe I k eenvi
kwZ-`kb ev AwWI wfRyqvj gvag Qwe I k eenvii iZ AbK|
Kbbv Gme gvag cwZe`b nq Qwe I k wbfi| iwWIZ K_v I k w`q
Avi wUwfZ M ejZ nq Qwe ev kU w`q| iwWIZ Avcwb hw` Rjevqyeve
mi ev evqyPvwjZ mPh wbq wicvU KiZ wMq Mfxi bjKc _K cvwb
ewiq Avmvi Kj Kj k iKW Ki kvZv`i kvbvb Zvnj mwU wicvUi
wekvmhvMZv hgb evove Zgwb Gi DcvcbvI ne my`i I evemZ|

G aibi cwZe`b KiZ Mj Uwjwfkbi Rb Qwe Ges iwWIi Rb k

aviY GKwU eo Pvj| Kbbv, mv`vgvUv wicvUi gZv Gi me wKQz cKvk
bq| eis AbK wKQzB Mvcb ev jyKbv _vK| KvRB m me Qwe ev k cvIqv
AbK mgq cvq Ame| G aibi wicvUi welqi m mswkiv AbK mgqB
Kvgiv wKsev iKWvii mvgb AvmZ Pvb bv| hvi ev hv`i wbq Kvbv
AwfhvM _vK, Zviv hgb, hviv AwfhvM Kib, ZvivI Zgwb wbivcv wbq
Avkv wKsev msKvPi KviY Kvgiv ev iKWvii mvgb `uvovb bv|

Avi Uwjwfkb QweB AaK K_v ej `q| wicvUi ii Qwe ev kUwU nZ

ne AvKlYxq, AbKmgq ii `kwUB `kKK Dy Ki cyiv wicvUwU
`Lvi Rb| Qwe eenvi avivevwnKZv _vKZ ne, hvZ Qwe w`qB wicvUwU
evSv hvq| WW kU A_vr wj dUvMvwd aibi kU eenvi bv Kiv fvj, h
QweZ AvKkb AvQ, MwZ AvQ m aibi Qwe eenvi Kib|

G Aevq fvjv GKwU cwZe`b `uvo KivZ Ges cvgvYfve Zv Dcvcb

KiZ wicvUviK bvbv Kkj wbZ nq| mvsevw`KZvi bxwZgvjv wVK iL m
me Kkji ga iqQ: weK m~i mvb Kiv, ee iKW mgmv _vKj
Uwjwfkbi Rb msMn Kiv WKzgUi Mvwd eenvi, wbivcvi Avkvq
_vKv m~i Qwe Afve Dcvcb BZvw`| iwWIZ G Pvj DiYi
Rb wicvUvii eYbvi ga w`q welqwU Kivi Kkj bIqv hvq| m
Aek cwZe`bwUi AvKlY Kg hvIqvi SzuwK _vK| mB SzuwK KgvZ
mswk bvPvivj mvD hZUv me eenvi KiZ ne|

iwWI Ges wUwfi Rb fvjv w jLvi wKQz ^xKZ Dcv`vb iqQ| Gjv
njv

w jLv

58

evK MVb nZ ne wbfyj I h_v_, cwivi I Ges wbw` I

mnReva|
fvjv w ne msw I cwiwgZ wK ZvZ _vKe cqvRbxq me
Z_|
hfve K_v ejb mfve wjLZ cvij mePq fvjv nq| AvbyvwbK
ev AvjsKvwiK fvlv cqvM Gwoq PjZ cvij fvjv|
w GKB k evi evi eenvi Kieb bv|

59

jLvi mgq gb ivLyb Avcwb Kvb kvbvbvi Rb wjLQb, Avcbvi ejv

K_vwU GKRb `kKi Kvb Kgb jvMQ fveyb| cwKvq GKRb cvVK
Zvi BQvgZv GKwU evK `yBevi coZ cvib, wK kvbvi mgq GKwU
k hw` bv evSv hvq Zvnj Avcbvi wicvUi cyiv A_B cv hZ
cvi| Ggbfve wjLZ ne hvZ `kK mnRB evcviUv eySZ cvi|
j^v evK Gwoq Pjyb| wRnvq Rwoq hvq, DPviY mgmv nq Ggb me
k Gwoq Pjyb| `kK m^ fveyb| cvmwK fvlv eenvi Kib|
jLv kl fqm iKW Kivi AvM DP^i wwU co wbb, bZ
Kgb jvMQ `Lyb|
fvjv w wjLZ nj cvKwUm ev Abykxjbi weK bB|

h Kvbv msev` Kivi AvM wbRK ck Kib

Kb Avwg GB wicvUwU KiwQ ?
Kb Avgvi gb nQ `kK GB wicvUwU `Le? A_ev
iwWIZ Kb be? Avi
Leii KvMR nj wicvUwU Kb coe?
Dijv wbRi gb bvovPvov Kij wwU AvKlYxq Kivi Dcvqjv cq
hZ cvib|
hw` wicvU cwimsLvb eenvi KiZ nq Zvnj Mvwd AvKvi cwiekb
Kib| Mvwd wm I my`i is Ges mnReva Mvd eenvi KiZ cvib|
AvRKvj cwimsLvb eYbv KiZ AvwbgUW MvwdI Kiv hvq|

mvvrKvi
mvsevw`KZvq mvvrKvi LyeB iZc~Y Ges Awbevh Abyl| fvjv mvvrKvi
bv nj fvjv wicvU Kiv hvq bv Rvbv K_v| GKwU wicvUK mvweK A_ my`i
I Z_ej Ki ZzjZ mvvrKvi LyeB Riwi|
mvvrKvii BsiwR cwZk BUviwfD weklY Kij Gi g~j A_wU
nZ cvi| BUvi A_ Avt ev `y ci mshvM ev mK| Avi wfD nQ
AwfgZ ev fvl| mB A_ mvvrKvi nQ wicvUvi Ges Z_c`vbKvixi

60

ga mshvM mwi gvag Z_ msMni Dcvq|

mvvrKvi bIqvi Dk cavbZ `ywU:
K. wicvUi welqe ev NUbvi mv_ RwoZ wewfb ci ee bIqv|
L. wicvU mg KiZ mswk welq wekli weklY, AwfgZ I civgk
bIqv|
myZivs ejv Pj, eZgvb mgq gy`Y ev mcPvi `yB B GKwU fvjv wicvU
KiZ nj Z_ msMn I Z_ mg_bi Rb mvvrKvi MnY ev welqwU mK
mswk ew`i m AvjvPbv Awbevh welq|
mvvrKvii cKvif`
msev` mvvrKvi: msev` cPvwiZ cwZe`bi cqvRb hme mvvrKvi
bIqv nq ZvB msev` mvvrKvi| BwZga NU MQ ev Lye ZvovZvwo NUZ
hvQ Ggb Kvbv AvMvg NUbvi msev`K K` Ki G aibi mvvrKvi
bIqv nq| hgb: Rjevqy mjb i nIqvi AvM I ci Rjevqy wekl,
mswk gx ev Rjevqy wbq KgiZ msvi cwZwbwa`i mvvrKvi| Gme
mvvrKvi mvaviYZ nq msw I Uz ` cqU| wUwf wicvUvi Zvi fqm
Ifvii gvSLvb GB mvvrKvic`vbKvixi K_vi wbevwPZ Ask ewmq `b|
GKBfve cwKv wicvUvi Zvi cwZe`bi gvS mvvrKvi`vZvi K_v
EaKgvi gvag DZ KiZ cvib|
ewZ mvvrKvi: G aibi mvvZrKvi ewB gyL| cvq mgqB Gi
gvag Kvbv wewk ewK cvVK ev `kK`i gyLvgywL `uvo Kwiq `Iqv
nq| ewi mvdj, e_Zv, fveg~wZ I cKZg~wZ Ges mgvR Zvi wekl
Ae`vb Zzj aiv nq| hgb: Rjevqy Znwej eenvi Ki Kvbv ew ev
cwZvb mdj nqQ Ggb Kvbv KgKv Avcwb Zzj aiZ Pvb, hvi gvag
Rjevqy-mwnz Kvbv dmj Dveb Kiv nqQ ev Rjevqyeve Kvbv chyw
Avwevi I cqvM Kiv nqQ| GiKg mvsevw`Ki mRbkxjZv I
cwiwgwZeva Lye `iKvwi| h KviY msev` mvvrKvii Pq ewZ
mvvrKviK AbK ewk RwUj gb Kiv nq|
AwfgZ mvvrKvi ev mvaviY gvbyli K_v: AbK mgq msev` mvvrKvi
Zzj aiv nq mvaviY gvbyli K_v| G wewfb eqm I ckvi jvKRbK
wicvUi welqe Abyhvqx GKwU mvaviY ck Kiv nq, hv _K GKB welq
wfb wfb gZ ev GK aibi gZ cvIqv hvq| BsiwRZ GK ej f cc|
61

GwU jvwUb k f cvwcwj _K bIqv, hvi gvb fqm Ae `v wccj| GZ

ew g~j welq bq, mvvrKvi`vbKvix hv ejQb mUvB g~j welq| nqZv
GKwU wekl Aj Rjevqy Znwej eenvi Ki euva ev Ab Kvbv AeKvVvgv
wbgvY Kiv nqQ hv mydj eq Avbvi Pq Aviv wZi KviY nqQ| Gi
djvdj mvaviY gvbylK Kxfve cfvweZ KiQ Zv RvbZ GB wbw` welq wbq
wicvUvi K_v ejZ cvib GjvKvi wewfb eqm I kwYi RbMYi mv_|
cvVK ev `kKK RvbvZ cvib Zv`i AwfgZ|
msev` mjb ev `jxq mvvrKvi: Kvbv wekl Bmy ev NUbv wbq
mvsevw`K`i mvgb hLb Kvb cwZvb, `j ev ew wbR`i Aevb Zzj
aiZ Pvb ev fvebv-wPv cKvk KiZ Pvb ZLb Zviv ev wZwb msev` mjbi
AvqvRb Kib| msev` mjb AvqvRK`i GKwU wjwLZ ee _vK|
ci mvsevw`K mB eeK wfw Ki Aviv wewfb cki gvag Zvi aviYv
cwivi Ki msev` cwZe`b Zwi Ki _vKb| msev` mjb AbK
mvsevw`K _vKb Ges cZKiB AvqvRK`i ck Ki welqwU Aviv ewk
fve Rb bIqvi myhvM _vK|
mvvrKvii Kkj
cwiKbv I cwZ
welq ev Bmy mbv Kiv: iZB welqe ev g~j Bmy wPwZ Ki, m mK
hZUv Rvbv me Zv Rvbvi Pv Ki gvUvgywU GKwU cwivi aviYv wbq GZ
ne| G eqvR mnKgx, BUvibU ev cyibv ccvi KvwUs mvnvh
KiZ cvi|
mwVK I cKZ ew wbevPb : wicvUi welqei Ici wbfi Ki wVK KiZ
ne Kvi mvvrKvi cqvRb| whwb welqwU mK mywbw`fve Rvbb, Zgb
AwfZvmb gvbylwUK c_g LuyR bIqv fvj| Rjevqy cwieZb KwlZ Kx
cfve djQ m mK wicvU KiZ wMq chywwe`i mvvrKvi nqZv Lye
GKUv KvR jvMe bv| G whwb welqwU fvjv evSb wKsev whwb Gi m
RwoZ Zgb ewwUiB mvb KiZ ne| mnKgx, Uwjdvb wWiwi, BUvibU,
jvBewi BZvw` m~K KvR jvwMq mwVK ewwUK LuyR wbZ ne|

wicvU Rgv `Iqvi mgq nq MQ, Avevi wZwb nqZv nVvr Ki mvvrKvi
w`Z A^xKwZ Rvbvjb, G weK Kvi mvvrKvi bIqv hvq m mK
AvMB fe ivLv fvjv| GKRbK bv cvIqv Mj hvZ AbRbK w`q
Kvhvvi Kiv hvq|
hvMvhvM
hvi mvvrKvi beb Zvi m^ AvMB chv Z_ Rb bIqv `iKvi|
Zvici Zvi KvQ wbRi cwiPq I Dk webxZ I h_vh_fve Zzj ai mgq
PvIqv cqvRb| mvvrKvi c`vbKvixi m AvjvPbv Ki mvvrKvi MnYi
mgq, ZvwiL I vb wbaviY KiZ ne| Gmgq whwb mvvrKvi `eb ZvKI
welqe mK wKQzUv AewnZ Ki ivLv fvj|
ck
Kx ck Kieb, cki Di Kx aibi Z_ ewiq Avme ej Avkv Kib,
Zv wbwZ nqB ck Kiv DwPZ| mvvrKvii cwiKbv ceB ckjv wVK
Ki wbZ cvij fvjv| cki GKwU ZvwjKv Zwi KiZ cvij Zv AbK
mgq KvR jvM| AZ cqUjvI hw` AvM fvM wVK Ki ivLv hvq, wKsev
GKwU PKwj Zwi _vK Ze AcvmwK ck I Di Gwoq Pjv me|
mvvrKvi MnY
wicvUvii c_g KvR wbavwiZ mgq mvvrKvii Rb wbavwiZ RvqMvq
DcwZ _vKv| c_gB ckvi ce bv wMq Kzkj wewbgq I AvwiKfve
QvULvUv K_v ej cwiekUv mnR Ki bIqv DwPZ| Zvici nqZv Av
Av g~j cm Avmv hvq| BjKUwbK wgwWqvi mvsevw`Kiv Kvgiv emvbv,
dg wVK Kiv I AwWI PKi duvK mvvrKvi c`vbKvixi m K_v ej wbZ
cvib| cqvRb gb nj, wicvwUs-Gi welqe mKI LvwbKUv AvjvPbv
Ki bIqv hZ cvi| AbK mgq Gme AvjvPbvq msev`i bZzb Gj
cvIqv hvq, Avevi AbK mgq Zv wecbKI eU, me b
mvvrKvic`vbKvix euK emZ cvib|

weK wPv
aiv hvK hvK Avcwb mvvrKvii Rb Dchy ej fvejb, wZwb GK mvn
AvcbvK mgq w`Z cvijb bv A_ev wZwb Amy ev we`k AvQb, AvcbviI

mvvrKvic`vbKvixK Avvq wbq Gm AvjvPbvK wbw` ji w`K wbq

hZ ne| Zvici axi axi welqi Mfxi XzKZ ne| cqvRb KwVb ck
KiZ ne| GZ hw` mvvrKvic`vbKvix weeZ nb ev A^w eva Kib Ze
Zv gvKejv Kivi KkjI wVK Ki wbZ ne| ZvK eywSq ejyb, Kb GB
wekl Z_wU Avcbvi wicvUi Rb Riwi|

62

63

ck Kivi mvaviY wbqg

ii ckwU Ggb nIqv cqvRb, hvZ Ki mvvrKvi`vZv Di w`Z ^w cvq|
Zvici cwZwqvg~jK ck Ki mvgbi w`K GwMq hvb| LvwbKUv cvVK ev
`kKi cwZwbwa nq ck Kiv fvjv| c_gB kKvZi welq ck Kij
mvvrKvi`vZv wbRK wUq wbZ cvib|
ck hb msw nq| mvaviY K_vevZvi gZv ck Kib| h_vme webqx fwZ
ck Kiv DwPZ, hb mvvrKvi`vZvi KvQ ckjv Riv Kivi gZv bv gb
nq| h cki Di nuv bv w`qB `Iqv hvq Zgb ck bv KivB fvjv|
m~iK KvMRc Pq wbZ cvib| kl ck Kivi AvM ejZ cvib GwU
Avcbvi kl ck| GZ mvvrKvi`vZv nuvd Qvovi myhvM cveb| nqZv kl
ckB wicvUvi Zvi KvwZ DiwU cq hveb|
fvjv mvvrKvi bIqvi mvZwU mvaviY ck:
1. Kb? Rjevqyi cfve gvKvejvq Kb Avcbviv GB cKwU nvZ
wbqQb? Kb GB chywwU eenvi KiQb?
2. GKUv D`vniY `eb, hgb...?
3. welqwU Kxfve Rvbv Mj, K ejQ, Kxfve Avgiv wbwZ nZ cvwi...?
4. Gi dj Kx ne? Gi cfve Kv_vq coe?
5. Gi wK Kvbv cgvY AvQ?

iZB mvvrKvi`vZvi wKQz mUAvc kU bIqv `iKvi| A_vr mvvrKvi`vZvi

cwiwPwZg~jK KqKwU kU bIqv| mvvrKvi`vZv KvR KiQb ev cwZe`Ki
mv_ K_v ejQb Ggb Qwe mUAvc kU wnme eenvi Kiv hvq|
mvvrKvi`vZvi evKMvD, Zvi emvi RvqMv, Zvi dwgs `Lv hw`I g~jZ
Kvgivgvbi KvR Zey cwZe`KKI Gme wRwbm j ivLZ nq| whwb
mvvrKvi w`Qb Zvi Pnviv I fvjv `Lvbvi evcviwUI wbwZ Kiv
`iKvi|
mvvrKvi h K_vjv eenvi Kiv ne Zv mvvrKvi`vZv GKevi bv ej
wewfb evK Qvov Qvov fve ejZ cvib| m `y wZbwU RvqMv _K Zvi
K_v KU wbq Rvov w`Z nZ cvi| Gme Rvov jyKvbvi Rb KvUIqR
ev BbmvU kU wbq ivLZ ne| mvvrKvii mgq dg wQj Ggb Kvbv ei
Qwe A_ev cwZe`Ki Pnviv KvUIqR wnme eenvi Kiv hvq|
mvvrKvi kl mvvrKvi`vZvi bvg-c`we wVKfve Rb wbb| Zvi bvgi
evbvb hb fzj bv nq mw`K Lqvj ivLZ ne| gvbyl wbRi bvgi evbvb fzj
`LZ LyeB AcQ` Ki|
mvvrKvii KiYxq I eRbxq
mdj mvvrKvii Rb mvvrKvi`vZvi K_v gbvhvM w`q kvbv
Riwi| Dg ckKvixi cvkvcvwk Dg kvZv nIqvi Pv Kiv `iKvi|
GKwU cki Di kl Kivi ci AviKwU ck Kiv DwPZ| Dii
gvSLvb mvvrKvi`vZvK _vwgq `Iqv fvj Afvm bq|

6. Ggb wKQz wK Avcbvi ejvi AvQ, hv Avwg wRm Kwiwb...

7. welqUv wbq Avi Kvi m K_v ejZ cvwi?

gy`Y I BjKUwbK gvagi Rb mvvrKvi

gy`Y I BjKUwbK `yB mvvrKvi MnYi cwZ I cwiKbv cvq GKB
aibi| cv_K GB h BjKUwbK gvag mvvrKvic`vbKvixK `Lv hvq,
dj Zvi gyLfwI `kK`i mvgb AbK A_ Zzj ai| ZvQvov BjKUwbK
gvag wekl Ki wbDR wicvwUs-G mvvrKvii wbevwPZ wKQz Pz^K Ask Zzj
aiv nq| dj BjKUwbK gvagi mvvrKvi msw I Uz ` cqU nj
mv`bvi myweav nq| GQvovI BjKUwbK gvagi mv_ gy`Y gvagi
wKQz KvwiMwi wfbZv Zv AvQB|
64

AcvmwK ck I Di Gwoq PjZ ne|

`xN, RwUj Ges GKmv_ AbKjv ck fvjv Z_ ei Ki AvbZ
cvi bv| mvvrKvi`vZv GZ wev nq coZ cvib| mnR, Zx,
kwZgayi, Qv wK Uz `v cqU ck KiZ ne|
ck hb AwZ Z_i fvi fvivv bv _vK| Nywiq-cvuwPq eo ck
Kiv AbywPZ Ges ck wicvUvi ev ckKvixi wbRi gZvgZ cKvk Kiv
wVK bq|
KvbvfveB mvvrKvi`vZvi mv_ ZK Rovbv wVK bq| wicvUviK
ahkxj nZ ne|

65

Kwc mv`bv: RjevqywelqK jLv mv`bvq weeP welq

mv`bv Qvov Kvbv wicvUB Qvcv/cPvwiZ nq bv| cwZw`b Kwc W AmsL
Kwc Avm hvi meB Qvcv ev cPvwiZ nq bv ev Qvcv/cPvihvM nq bv|
KvbvUvi meUzKz ev` w`Z nq, Avevi KvbvUvi Ask wekl KvU-QuvU Ki ev
cybwjLbi gvag MnYhvM Kiv nq| mv`bv W _K GB mv`bvi
KvRjv Kiv nq| mn-mv`K/wbDR ig GwWUiiv g~jZ GB KvRi `vwqZ
cvjb Kib AwfZv, wePYZv I gav w`q| Gfve Zviv Kwc mv`bv Ki
cKvkhvM Ki Zvjb| A_vr wicvUvii KvR hLvb kl mv`bvi KvR
mLvb i| Rjevqy welqK h Kvbv aibi wicvUK c_g kwYi wicvU
cwiYZ Ki GwUK ^Z I ghv`vgwZ KiZ mn-mv`K/wbDR ig
GwWUiiv i`vwqZ cvjb KiZ cvib|
RjevqywelqK jLv/Kwc mv`bvq weeP welq
Z_jv mwVK AvQ wK bv, cqvRbxq mKj Z_ AvQ wK bv Ges me
Z_ cqvRb wK bv Zv cixv Kiv|

Kvbv Z_ mK m`n _vKj mB AskUzKz ev` `Iqv, Z_jvi

gvS avivevwnKZv I msMwZ AvQ wK bv j Kiv| vbxq RbMY, cK
KgKZv, Rjevqy wekl ev Ab AviI Kvbv m~ _vKj Zv`i `Iqv
Z_i ga Kvbv Miwgj AvQ wK bv hvPvB Kiv|
Z_ mK wbwZ nIqv| A_vr bvg wVKvbv _vKj Zv hvPvB Kiv,
msLv cixv Kiv I ZvwiL-mgq BZvw` mK mZK nIqv| Rjevqy
welqK wicvU mv`bvq MelYvi Z_-Dcv eenvi I cwimsLvbi
evcvi evowZ mZK _vKv| GKB welq wfb wfb Z_-Dcv ev
cwimsLvb _vKj m~mn Zv DjL Kiv|
Kvbv cwifvlv eenvi Kiv nj cqvRb Zvi mnR evLv `Iqv hvZ
mKj kwYi cvVK welqwU evSb|
Rjevqy welqK cPwjZ Ges mekl AvBbKvbyb, bxwZgvjv I mb`
BZvw`i cwZ j ivLv|
m~Pbv KZUzKz mwVK I ewj Zv Lqvj Kiv, AbvekK Z_ AvQ wK bv,
m~Pbvq evj K_v ejv njv wK bv ev hv ejZ PvIqv nqQ Zv ejv njv wK
bv, m~PbvK AviI mnR I msc Kiv hvq wK bv Zv weklfve j ivLv|

66

eo AbyQ` fO QvU Kiv, AbyQ` webvmi `iKvi nj Zv Kiv|

KwcZ bvgi ZvwjKv `xN nj fO fO jLv hvZ mywbw`fve
bvgjv cov I ei Kiv hvq|
weeiYx `xN nj gvS mvenW, ev UvBc jvBb ev k eenvi Kij
fvjv nq|
mvenW cyiv evK ne bv, Ze mvenW Kvbv GKwU welq I wqv
_vKZ ne|
mvenW cieZx AbyQ`i g~j welqi myiwU _vKe|
evj k, weklY, evMaviv BZvw` ev` w`q ee msw I Rvivjv
Kiv| iZc~Y ee evKi iZ Avbv|

mnR-mij ki gvag evK mnRfve jLv|

MZvbyMwZK ev GKNuqwg `~i KiZ evK wewfb aibi k eenvi|

weeiYxZ KvbvfveB hb wicvUvii ge bv Avm mw`K wekl

Lqvj ivLv|
evbvb , evKiY I evKixwZ Kiv QvovI AbvekK Ask QuU ev`
`Iqv|

Rjevqy cwieZbwelqK wicvwUs-Gi mvaviY wKQz weeP welq

1. Rjevqy cwieZbwelqK wicvwUs Gi g~j cvVK-`kK-kvZvi K_v
wicvwUs Gi mgq weePbvq ivLv: GKRb mvsevw`Ki KvQ Zvi
cvVK-`kK-kvZv njv mePq iZc~Y Mvx hv`i K_v weePbvq
iL cwZe`b Zwi Kiv nq| Rjevqy welqK cwZe`b Zwii mgq
G welq Zv`i vb ev Rvbvkvbv KZUzKz mwU gb ivLZ ne| Zviv
ewk wKQz Rvb bv gb Kiv hZ cvi, Ze KLbB Zv`iK evKv
fvev wVK bv| Zv`i eywgvK LvUv Ki `Lvi myhvM bvB|
2. RjevqywelqK gwjK welqjv mK ^Q aviYv ivLv: GKRb
mvsevw`Ki hw` Rjevqy msv g~j welqjv mK cwivi aviYv
bv _vK Zvnj G welq Zvi jLv cvVK-`kK-kvZvI eySZ cvie
bv| wMbnvDR Mvm, Drm, cfve, SzuwK I wec`vcbZv Ges AwfhvRb
I ckgbi ga cv_K BZvw` welqjv mK cwivi aviYv bv
67

_vKj Rjevqy wbq fvjv cwZe`b Kiv me bq| RvZxq I

AvRvwZK chvq MnxZ mb`, cwiKbv I A_vqb mK mekl
Aev wbqwgZ Rvbv I nvjbvMv` _vKv `iKvi|
3. mswk Abvb i wekl mvsevw`K`i mv_ mg^q: Rjevqy
wbq cwZe`b KiZ Mj cwiek, ivRbxwZ, A_bxwZ, Rvjvwb,
wevbmn AbK welq aviYv ivLZ nq| Ze Kviv c mKj welq
wekl nq IVv me bq| KvRB `j Zwi GKwU KvhKi Dcvq|
Abvb welq Awf mvsevw`K`i wbq `j Zwi Ki Zv`i mnvqZv
wbq fvjv cwZe`b Zwi Kiv me| `jxq cPvq I mg^q
cwZe`b hgb mg nq, Zgwb wbR`i mgZvI ew cvq|
4. Rjevqy welq GjvKvwfwK mePq iZc~Y welq wekl nq
IVv: mKj welq wekl nq IVv me bv njI GKRb mvsevw`Ki
Kvbv GKwU welq wekl nq `ki miv mvsevw`K nq IVvi
myhvM iqQ| Rjevqyi mv_ mwKZ Kvbv GKwU welq A_ev
GjvKvwfwK mePq iZc~Y welq wbRK mg Ki m welq
wekl nq IVv me|
5. Rjevqy wicvwUs-G mywbw` `wKvY ivLv: cwZe`bi g~j
dvKvm ev `wKvY hb I mywbw` _vK m welq Lqvj ivLv
`iKvi| GKwU cwZe`b Kej GKwU eo welqi Ici AvjvKcvZ
Kiv nq| KvRB Z_i fvi hb g~j welq ev dvKvm nvwiq bv hvq
mwU Lqvj ivLZ ne, Avevi mvgwMK wP hb LuyR cvIqv hvq
mw`KI bRi ivLZ ne| Rjevqy welqK cwZe`b Z_fvivv
nIqvi AvksKv _vK| m welq mZK _vKv|
6. cwifvlv cwinvi Kiv (mnR fvlvq evLv Ki ejv): h_vme
RviMb ev cwifvlv cwinvi Kiv DwPZ| CDM, REDD, UNFCCC
Gme cwifvlv wbR`i fvjvfve RvbvevSvi `iKvi AvQ, Ze
cvVK-`kK-kvZvi Gme welq Rvbvi K_v bq| KLbI cwifvlv
eenvi KiZ nj AekB Zv mnR Ki evLv-weklY Ki ejZ
ne| mvvrKvi`vZv hw` Kvbv cwifvlv eenvi Kib Ze ZvK
mwU mnR fvlvq eywSq ejZ Abyiva KiZ ne|
7. fvlv (k, evK, AbyQ`) mnR I msw ivLv: QvU k, QvU
evK, QvU AbyQ` jLv mvsevw`KZvi gwjK welq| mBmv_ Pv
68

Kiv KZ mnR I mKji KvQ evaMg fvlvq jLv hvq| mnR K_v
mnR jLv gvUI mnR KvR bq, Avi hw` welqUv RwUj nq Zv nj
KvRUv AviI KwVb| GKRb fvjv mvsevw`K GB KwVb KvRwU KiZ
cvib ejB wZwb fvjv mvsevw`K|
8. Ab mvsevw`K I Rjevqy wekl`i mv_ wbqwgZ hvMvhvM
ivLv: AwfZv I vb wewbwgq Kivi Rb Ab mvsevw`Ki mv_
wbqwgZ hvMvhvM ivLj KvR `q| mvsevw`K`i wewfb bUIqvK
hvM w`qI welqwfwK wbRi Rvbvkvbvi cwiwa evovbv hvq| Rjevqy
wekl Ges hme msMVb Rjevqy wbq MelYv I Rjevqy gvKvejvq
KvR KiQ Zv`i mv_ wbqwgZ hvMvhvM ivLv `iKvi| fvjv
hvMvhvM iv KiZ cviv fvjv mvsevw`KZvi AbZg c~ekZ|
9. BUvibUmn Rjevqy welqK DchvMx me Z_m~i mvb Rvbv I
wbqwgZ LuvR ivLv: Rjevqy wbq `wk-we`wk AbK cwZvb KvR
Ki| AvQ AbK aibi bUIqvK| Gme bUIqvK nvRvi nvRvi
Rjevqy wekl Zv`i wewfb cwZe`b I Abyvbi Z_ wewbgq
KiQ| Zv`i gBwjs ZvwjKvq hy nZ cvij Rjevqy msv
mekl msev` Ges bvbv aibi Z_-Dcv mnRB BUvibUi
gvag cvIqv hvq| hgb (IISD Climate-L mailing list; Earth
Negotiations Bulletin or Climate Action Network Internationals
Eco newsletter or get news and briefing papers on the talks from
the Third World Network.)

10. wbR cwZvb MnYhvM Ki Zvjvi Rb Rjevqy welqK wicvU

cvZwnK Rxebhvvi mv_ mwKZ w`Kjv Zzj aiv: cwZe`b
Qvcv bv nIqvi AwfhvM cvqkB Kiv nq| cwZe`KK c_g Zvi
cwZe`bwU mv`K ev evZvK whwb `vwqZcv Zvi KvQ MnYhvM
I cKvkhvM welq wnme weewPZ nZ nq| Rjevqy msv
cwZe`bi welqwU GKUz KwVb nZ cvi| KviY wMbnvBR
Mvm `kgvb Kvbv welq bv Ges Rjevqy cwieZb njv GKwU
cwqv| dj GK `kgvb Ki ZzjZ Kkji Avkq wbZ nq|
evZvK Rjevqy welqK cwZe`bK AbK mgqB aygv cwiekMZ
welq wnme weePbv Ki _vK| KvRB cwZe`b `wKvY/dvKvm
cwieZb Ki Gi mv_ mwKZ ivRbxwZ, A_bxwZ, eemv, ^v,
AvenvIqv, Kwl, Lv`, cvwb BZvw` welqjv hy Kiv hZ cvi|
hgbRjevqy cwieZbi KviY jeYvZv ewi dj Kwl Z_v
69

A_bxwZi Dci Kx cfve coQ Ges GUv gvbyli Rxebhvvq Kx cfve

djQ mwU Zzj aiv|
Rjevqy cwieZb wbq cwZwbqZ h mg AvRvwZK mjb, Abyvb
Ges wewfb w`em D`hvcb nQ mmei ZvwjKv Zwi Ki m Abyhvqx
cwZe`b Zwi Kij cKvk nIqvi mvebv AbKY eo hvq|

memgqB Zvi wbRi ^v, m` I mvbi fwelZi K_v AvM wPv

Ki| Rjevqy cwieZb msv h Kvbv BmyB GB welqjvi mv_
mwKZ| KvRB cwZe`b Zwii mgq fe `LZ ne Kxfve GB
welqjvi mv_ hvMm~jv Zzj aiv hvq| hvZ cvVK-kvZv-`kK
Gi mvgb weg~Z welqK g~Z I Rxe Ki Zvjv hvq|

11. me aibi welqB Rjevqy cwieZbi `wKvY w`q `Lv: bZzb

Kvb bxwZgvjv, Avwevi, cK me wKQzB Rjevqy cwieZbi Pkgv
w`q `Lv `iKvi| hgb K Rjevqy cwiZbi Ici Kx cfve dj
A_ev Rjevqy cwieZb Kxfve K Gi Ici cfve djZ cvi| Ze
memgq BwZevPKfve welqjv Zzj aiv `iKvi Ges Kej mgmvi
K_v bv ej cwZe`b mgvavbi BwZ `Iqv `iKvi| mv`K ev
`kK-kvZv-cvVK KDB Kej mgmvi K_v kybZ Pvq bv| KvRB
BwZevPK nIqv Ges mgvavbi BwZ `Iqv mvsevw`Ki `vwqZ|
Avevi mewKQzi Rb ay Rjevqy cwieZbKB hb `vwq Kiv bv nq m
welqI mvsevw`K`i mZK _vKv `iKvi|

15. RjevqywelqK wicvwUs-Gi mvvrKvii Rb cwZ: mvvrKvii

Rb AwMg cwZ fvjv cwZe`b Zwii Rb Acwinvh| cwZe`bi
welqe Ges mvvrKvi`vZv mK AvM Rvbv _vKj fvjv
mvvrKvi bIqv me| AbK mgq mvvrKvic`vbKvix welq
wekl nIqvi KviY mvvrKvi cwifvlv eenvi KiZ cvib ev
welqwU Ggbfve Dcvcb KiZ cvib hv mvaviY
cvVK-`kK-kvZvi Rb eySZ mgmv nZ cvi| m
mvvrKvi`vZvK AvM _KB ej bIqv fvjv msev`wU Kv_vq
Qvcv nZ cvi Ges Gi cvVK-`kK-kvZv Kviv, hvZ wZwb mnR Ki
Zv`i DchvMx Ki welqwU Dcvcb KiZ cvib|

12. Rjevqy cwieZb bq; eis Gi cfve I cwiYwZi K_v Zzj aiv:
cwZe`b Rjevqy ki DjL bv KiI fvjv Rjevqy cwieZb
msv cwZe`b Zwi Kiv hvq| wkivbvg ev m~Pbvq Rjevqy welqi
DjL bv Kij eis mv`K ev `kK-kvZv-cvVK Gi KvQ ewk
AvKlYxq nZ cvi| Aek GwU wbfi Ki cwZe`bi welq I
aibi Ici| g~jK_v Rjevqy cwieZbi cfve I cwiYwZ Ges mve
mgvavbi BwZ _vKZ ne|

16. wewfb ci wfb wfb `wKvY _K gZvgZ Zzj aiv, Ze

mZvbymvbx nIqv: cwZwU welqB wfbgZ _vKv ^vfvweK|
mvvrKvi`vZv ev Z_`vZv fzj A_ev ccvZg~jK Z_ w`Z cvib|
Z_ `Iqvi Lvivc Dk _vKZ cvi| G wfb wfb m~
_K Z_ msMn Kiv Ges mKj ci gZvgZB hyw I weklY
mnKvi Zzj aiv cqvRb|

13. Qwe, Mvd, gvc BZvw` eenvi Ki Rjevqy welqK wicvUK

mwP Ki Zvjv: Rjevqy cwieZb I cwiek msv AbK msev`B
RwUj| Qwe, Mvd, gvc BZvw` eenvi Ki G aibi msev`K mnR
I mwP Ki Zvjv hvq| GKUv RwUj msev`K Rxe I g~Z Ki
ZzjZ Gme Dcv`vb eenvi Kiv hvq|
14. gvbyli avb-aviYv, wekvm, g~jeva, AwfZvi mv_ wgwjq
cwZe`b Zwi Kiv: Rjevqy cwieZb BmywU AbK RwUj I
ewkK| gvbweK Ave`bmb Ki ZzjZ cvij GB Bmy wbq AmvaviY
cwZe`b Zwi Kiv me| gvbyli avb-aviYv, wekvm, g~jeva,
AwfZvi mv_ wgwjq G aibi cwZe`b Zwi KiZ nq| gvbyl

70

17. me mgq my-m`n ivLv Ges mZ Zyj aivi Rb PK I

m-PK Kiv: mvsevw`KZvi wPivqZ wbqgB njv memgq my-m`n
ivLv| m~ ev Z_`vZvi KvQ memgqB Zvi Z_i ^c cgvY
PvIqv Ges GKB Z_ wfb wfb m~ _K hvPvB Ki bIqv A_vr
m-PK Ki bIqv Acwinvh|
18. gb ivLv, fvimvg I ccvZnxbZv GK welq bv; Lqvj ivLv,
Rjevqy welq wfb wfb gZvgZi KviY hvZ Z_ weKZ bv nq:
fvimvg iv KiZ wMq fzj Z_ ev weKZ Z_ hb cwZe`b XzK bv
hvq m welq mZK _vKZ ne| Rjevqy cwieZb wbq ivRbxwZ mK
hgb mZK _vKZ ne, Zgwb evwbK Z_-Dcv mKI mZK
_vKvi cqvRb iqQ| Kvbv welq wfb wfb gZvgZ _vKZ cvi,
wK Z_i mZZv wfb wfb nZ cvi bv| KvRB fvimvgi bvg hb
71

weKZ ev fzj Z_ cwiekb Kiv bv nq m welqwU Lqvj ivLZ ne|

gb ivLZ ne, Z_ memgqB mZ Ges Z_ AwbqZv `~i Ki|
19. Rjevqy cwieZb cZK gvbyli DciB Avjv`v Avjv`v cfve
djZ cvi| eqm, wj, ckv, fMvwjK Aevbf` mKj
ci gZvgZ Zzj aiv: Rjevqy cwieZb mKj gvbyli RxebB
Kvbv bv Kvbv cfve dj| KvRB cZKB wfbfve G welq
Zvi gZvgZ w`Z cvi| Rjevqy cwieZbi cfve bvixi Ici
GKiKg Avevi cyili Dci wfb iKg nZ cvi| wk ev e Kvbv
^vevb hyeKi Pq ewk wec`vcb| Zv`i cZKi iqQ Avjv`v
Avjv`v cvcU| GKRb eq ew hgb Zvi AwfZv _K
Rjevqy cwieZbi `xN avivevwnKZv Zzj aiZ cvib, Zgwb Kg
eq hyeK eZgvb cvcU mK kwkvjx hyw Zzj aiZ cvib|
GiKg wfb wfb eqm, wj, ckv, fMvwjK Aevbf` gvbyli
mv_ K_v ej bZzb bZzb cwZe`bi aviYv I Bmy hgb cvIqv me,
Zgwb cwZe`bi bZzb bZzb `wKvY/dvKvm `Iqv me|
20. Rjevqy cwieZb welqK ewkK welqK vbxq `wKvY I cfvei
RvqMv _K Zzj aiv: Rjevqy cwieZb GKwU ewkK Bmy Ges
wekevcx Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ gvKvejvq bvbvgyLx KgKv
PjQ| AvRvwZK mjb, Kgkvjv BZvw`i cvkvcvwk wewfb
evwbK MelYv cwiPvwjZ nQ Ges mjv cKvwkZ nQ| Gme
welq vbxq `wKvY I cvcU Zzj aiv hvq| AvRvwZK MelYv
Ges Ab`ki AwfZv _K cwZe`bi bvbv Bmy wPwZ Ki
vbxq/wbR `ki DchvMx Ki cwZe`b Zwi Kiv hvq|

23. Rjevqy cwieZb welq A_vqb I Avw_K jb`b Kx nQ mw`K

Zx `w ivLv: hLvb A_ mLvbB msev`| mvsevw`KZvi AviKwU
wPivqZ cev` njv djv `v gvwb| Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvejvq
Kveb ckgb I AwfhvRbmn bvbvLvZ KvwU KvwU UvKv eq nQ|
Gme A_ mwVKfve eq nQ wK bv mwU cwiexY Kiv MYgvagi
bwZK KZe| RbMYi bvg h A_ LiP Kiv nq Zvi djvdj RbMY
cvq wK bv mwU `Lv MYgvagi `vwqZ| Rjevqy cwieZbi AwfNvZ
gvKvejvq hme dv MVb nqQ mjv mK LuvR-Lei ivLv
Ges Gme dvi AvIZvq mwVK wbqg cwiKbv cYqb, evevqb
Ges cwiexY nQ wK bv Zv `Lv Ges cwZe`b Zwi Kiv Riwi|
24. wicvU kl Kivi AvM Avevi cvVK-`kK-kvZvi K_v fvev, hw`
Zv`i gb Kvbv ck RvMZ cvi ej gb nq, mjv
Ki Zvjv: Rjevqy cwieZb welqK h Kvbv cwZe`bB kl Kivi
AvM AviKevi fvjvfve wbR co `Lv Ges GKRb mvaviY
cvVK-`kK-kvZvi Aevb wbRK Kbv Ki fe `Lv `iKvi
GB cwZe`b co Zv`i gb Avi Kx Kx ck RvMZ cvi| m
Abyhvqx cwZe`bwU mvRvbv GKRb fvjv cwZe`Ki `vwqZ|
25. gb ivLv, Rjevqy cwieZb ay cwieki welq bq, gvbyli
cvZwnK Rxebhvvi welq: Rjevqy cwieZbi mv_ mwKZ
welqi ZvwjKv AbK `xN| GwU ay cwieki welq bq| Rjevqy
cwieZbi AwfNvZ gvbyli cvZwnK Rxeb Kx aibi cfve djQ
mwU Zzj aiv `iKvi|

21. cm wew wbfi bv nIqv; Avevi AevI bv Kiv: AbK mgqB

mvsevw`Kiv cmwiwjR msev` AvKvi Qc `q| gb ivLZ ne,
cmwiwjR Kvbv msev` bq, GLvb msev`hvM wKQz Z_ _vK hv
_K fvjv msev` Zwi Kiv hZ cvi| m Rb Aviv LuvRLei
Ges Z_ hvMvo I hvPvB Ki msev` cwZe`b Zwi Kiv DwPZ|
22. Rjevqy welq Ab MYgvag, mvgvwRK hvMvhvM gvag I
mvsevw`K`i KvRi w`K Lqvj ivLv: Rjevqy cwieZb welq
cwZw`b mvgvwRK hvMvhvM gvagmn wewfb MYgvag bvbv aibi
cwZe`b cKvk nq mjv Lqvj Kij AbK Z_ Ges fvjv
Kvbv cwZe`bi aviYv/Bmy cvIqv hZ cvi|
72

73

Aavq Pvi

cwifvlv I Abvb

74

75

Rjevqy cwieZbwelqK cwifvlv

RjevqywelqK cwZe`b AbK aibi cwifvlv eenvi KiZ nq, hv AbK
cvVK-kvZvi KvQ cwiwPZ bq| Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvejvq RvZxq I
AvRvwZK chvq egyLx KgKv PjQ Ges mLvb bvbv aibi cwifvlv
eenvi Kiv nq, hv Kej mswk ewivB fvjv evSb ev Rvbb| KvRB
Kvbv cwifvlv eenvii mZK _vKZ ne GKRb wicvUviK| Kvbv
chyw I cwifvlvi mnR evLvmn Dcvcb KiZ ne hb Zv mKj kwYi
cvVK eySZ cvib| cqvRbxq cwifvlvi mij Ges msw evLvI
`Iqv hZ cvi|
wKQz cwifvlv
AwfhvRb (Adaptation)
AwfhvRb nQ cwiewZZ cwiwwZZ Lvc LvIqvbv| Rjevqy cwieZbRwbZ
KviY gvbyli Rxeb I RxweKvi Ici h bwZevPK cfve j Kiv hvq, m
cwiwwZ DiY MnxZ KkjK Rjevqy SzuwK AwfhvRb ejv nq|
Rjevqy cwieZb gvKvejvq AwfhvRb (Adaptation to Climate Change)
Avgv`i RvZxq Dbqb I wbR`i fwelZ wbwZ KiZ Rjevqy cwieZbi
SzuwK I AwfNvZ gvKvejvq mKji mei Lvc LvIqvbv I AwfhvRb
KiYxq I `vwqZ iqQ|
DbqbLvZmg~n AwfhvRbi myhvM I Kkji GKwU bgybv ZvwjKv wbP
`Iqv njv
76

77

LvZ

AwfhvRbi myhvM I Kkj

cvwb

ewi cvwb aviY: cvwb msMn Ges msiY Kkj i Kiv;

eeZ cvwb cybivq eenvi; jeYvZv `~ixKiY; cvwbi
eenvi I mP `Zv ARb|

Kwl

Pviv ivcYi mgq wbaviY : km ewP; f~wg eevcbv

Dbqb, hgbe ivcYi gvag f~wgq wbqY I
cwZiva|

AeKvVvgv

cybevmb : N~wYSo cwZivag emwZ I gvQ aivi bKvi

KvVvgv Dbqb I vwqZkxj euva wbgvY; cvKwZK Rjvkq
cwZivi eev MnY Kiv|

Rb^v

^v cwilev : Riwi ^vmev; RjevqyRwbZ ivM wbYq I

cwZiva; we cvwb I DbZ cqtwbvkb eev wbwZ Kiv|

hvMvhvM

cybwebvm I cybevmb : ivvi byZb cwiKbv cYqb;

wbvkb eevmn gvbvbmB AeKvVvgv wbgvY Kiv|

kw

weZiYeevK kwkvjxKiY : Rvjvwbi mevg eenvi;

cybtcwqvRvZKiY Drmi eenvi; GKwU gv kwi Drm
_K wbfiZv Kwgq AvbZ ne|

Reductions)

hy KiZ cvie| wmwWGg Gi DjLhvM w`K njv:

wkvbZ `kjvi (Gb-weZ DjwLZ `kmg~n) miKvwi I emiKvwi

cwZvb Dbqbkxj `k cKi gvag wewbqvM Ki AwRZ Certified
Emission Resuction (CER) wbR`i LvZ Rgv KiZ cvie|
Dbqbkxj `kjvi miKvwi I emiKvwi cwZvb G aibi cK evevqb
Kie| wmwWGg cKi gvag Dbqbkxj `kmg~n DbZ chyw vbvii
myhvM mw ne Ges `ki UKmB Dbqb iZc~Y Ae`vb ivLe|
CER nQ Kvbv wmwWGg cKi gvag wMbnvDR Mvmi AvRvwZKfve
mZ cwZi gvag wbwYZ cwigvY| GK Ub CO2 Gi mgZzjK CER Gi GKK
wnme eenvi Kiv nq|
wewfb mi wmwWGg cK Dbqbi mvebvgq mm~n
LvZ

mvebvgq DcLvZmg~n

Mnvwj eR

we`yr I Rvjvwb

ckgb (Mitigation)

knii Re AveRbv Kvws

jvwdj Mvm wiKfvwi Ges we`yr Drcv`b
AveRbv _K kw Drcv`b
bevqbhvM kwi Drm _K we`yr Drcv`b
Rvjvwb cwZvcb
we`yr Drcv`b I mieivn eevi Dbqb
Rvjvwb Drcv`b, cwienb I mieivni mgq AcPq iva

ckgb nQ Kveb wbtmiY Kgvbvi cPv hvZ wMbnvDR Mvm wbMgbi

KviY m weic cwZwqv gvKvejv Kiv hvq| Rjevqyeve bZyb chyw
Dveb, eb iv I ewmn bvbvb aibi Kkj Aej^b Ki ckgb ev
Kveb wbtmiY Kgvbvi Pv PjQ| wmwWGg, iW GiKg D`vMi Ask|

Avevmb

wKb WfjcgU gvKvwbRg ev wmwWGg (Clean Development Machanism

Kwl

eb

wk

CDM)

wKqvUv cUvKji AvIZvq wMbnvDR Mvm wbtmiY KgvZ AbZg

Kkj wKb WfjcgU gvKvwbRg (wmwWGg)| Gi cavb Dk njv
DbZ `kmg~n Zv`i wbR`i `k D`vM bIqvi cvkvcvwk wMbnvDR
Mvmi wbtmiY Kgvbvi j Dbqbkxj `kjvZI Dbqbg~jK cK
MnY Ges evevqb mnvqZv Kie| Gi gvag nvmKZ wMbnvDR Mvm
Zv`i wMbnvDR Mvm msv RvZxq wnmve (Accounts of National GHG
78

Rvjvwbmvkqx BgviZ bKkv cYqY

Rvjvwbmvkqx hcvwZi eenvi
kw msiYi c`c
bevqbhvM kwi eenvi

mi ev evqyPvwjZ mPh
AvMvKwgKvj hgb: mvi, KxUbvkK-Gi eenvi Kkj De
we`yrmvkqx cvi gvag mP we`yr Pvwn`v Kgvbv Ges Pvwn`i w`K
eevcbv
avbi PvlcwZ Ggbfve cwieZb Kiv hvZ wg_b wbtmiY Kg nq
ebvqb I cybtebvqb

Kv-Rbvikb
kwi cwieZb I Rvjvwb mvkqmsv c`c
79

wbtmiY Kgvbvi Rb Drcv`bcwqvi cwieab eevcbv

eqjvi wdW Ki cwieZb

LwbRm`
cwienb

Kvj eW _K wg_b wiKfvwi

AvaywbK MYcwienb eev Pvjy

bMi cwiKbv I cwienb eevcbv
weK Rvjvwbi ceZbRe Rvjvwb
Rvjvwbi `Zv ewi c`c

Z_m~: MvBW eyK: wKb WfjcgU gvKvwbRg (wmwWGg), cwiek Awa`i, cwiek I eb
gYvjq

Kveb evwYR
Kveb evwYRi aviYvwU gyjZ DbZ I abx `kjvi wPvi dmj| 1997 mvj
wKqvUv cUvKj Abymvi 2012 mvji ga 1990 mvji Zzjbvq 5.2%
wMbnvDR Mvm wbtmiY Kgvbvq abx `kjv cwZkZe| wK abx `kjv
Kvbv AevqB wbR`i `k wMbnvDR Mvmi D`&MxiY KgvZ ivwR bv
nIqvq wKqvUv cvUvKji 3 b^i g~jbxwZ bgbxq eevi AvIZvq Kveb
evwYRi eaZv `Iqv nq| G eevwU wKqvUv cUvKj G hywZ eaZv
`Iqv nqQ h, wMbnvDR Mvm wbMgb Kgvbv mvgwMK I ewkK cwqv hvi
gvag wKqvUv cUvKji j ARb Kiv me ne|
G eevi AvIZvq abx `kjv wbR `ki Kveb wbMgb e ev bv Kwgq
`wi` `kjvi mwZ Kveb wKb wbq eenvi Kie| Kveb evwYRi
AvIZvq abx `kjv `wi` `k Kvebmvkqx cKi (eb msiY, miwe`yr
cK, meyR chyw BZvw`) Rb UvKv w`e Ges Gi dj h Kveb mvkq ne
Zv abx `k eenvi Kie|
GB bxwZi AvIZvq `wi` `kjvi wkvqb evnZ nIqvi Avkv iqQ| abx
`kjvi wewfb kZvivci dj ^vbZ I `wi` `kjvi c Kveb
wbMgb evoZ cvi Ggb D`vM MnY me ne bv, h KviY cK LiP
evoe, RxeewP asm nZ cvi hvi| dj `k AwaKgvvq wZM nIqvi
Avkv iqQ| (m~: Rjevqy cwieZbi KkjMZ cwiKbv/RbMY hfve `LZ
Pvq, Advg)

80

(Reducing Emissions
DegradationREDD)

iW

from

Deforestation

and

Forest

iW nQ ebvjK Aeq iva Ki Ges ebvj asm nIqvi KvRK mshZ

Ki, A_vr bZzb eb mRb Ki Ges eZgvbi ebK iv Ki Kveb
WvB-AvBW ai ivLvi eev Kiv| hZ ewk ebvqb Kiv hve ZZ ewk Kveb
WvB-AvBW aiv hve| Avi iW cvm nQ Gi m RxeewP welqK
wPvfvebv Afy Kiv| A_vr cwZek weePbv Kiv|
ewkK Dvqb (Global Warming)

Rjevqy cwieZbi dj cw_exi Zvcgvv ew cvQ hv ewkK Dvqb bvg

AwfwnZ| GB DZv `ZMwZZ evoQ| BZvga AbK `k Ges Gi RbMY
Rjevqy cwieZbRwbZ cvKwZK `yhvMi cfve `yfvM cvnvQ| ewkK
Dvqb evsjv`kmn mviv weki AvenvIqvi aib Ges FZzewP cv
w`Q| Gi dj cvKwZK `yhvM hgb AwZew, ebv, N~wYSo, mvgyw`K
RjvQvm BZvw` NUvi mvebv I wZi cwigvY eo hvQ| GB me `yhvM
kZ kZ gvbyli gZz NUQ Ges KvwU KvwU UvKvi m`nvwb nQ, hvi cfve
coQ jvL jvL gvbyli RxweKvi Ici|
wMbnvDR Mvmjvi ga MZ kZvxZ Kveb WvB AvBWi cwigvY eoQ
25%, bvBUvm AvBWi cwigvY 19% Ges wg_bi cwigvY 100% eoQ
(PZz_ mgxvc, AvBwcwmwm) hv ewkK Dvqbi AbZg cavb KviY|
ewkK DZv Ges ewcvZi cwieZb (Global Warming and Changes in
Rainfall)

geagvb DZvi KviY Avgv`i Rjevqyi wKQy gwjK cwieZb NUQ|

ewkK DZv Avgv`i FZz cwigvZ cfve djQ Ges FZzewPi icK
KiQ zY| hvi KviY Rjevqy msv `yhvM Z_v AwZew, ebv, mvBKvb,
N~wYSo, RjvQvm BZvw`i cv`yfve ew cqQ| evsjv`k Zvcgvv ew
Z_ weklYi gvag cgvwYZ| hvi KviY evwlK ewcvZi cwigvYI ew
cqQ| cieZx KqK `kKi Zvcgvv Ges ewcvZi iciLv _K `Lv
hvq elv Ges kxZ DfqKvjB Zvcgvv ew cvQ| hvi KviY elvKvj AwaK
ewcvZ Ges gmyg AcvKZ Kg ewcvZ nQ| GB mvgvb cwigvY
Zvcgvv ew Ges ewcvZ evsjv`kK cwiek, mvgvwRK Ges A_bwZK
gvivZK wZi myLxb KiZ cvi|
81

wMbnvDR Mvm (Green House Gas)

wewfb Mvm w`q Zwi cw_exi evqygj| Zvi g~j Dcv`vb bvBUvRb I
AwRb| Gjv QvovI bMY cwigvY Kveb WvB-AvBW, wg_b, bvBUvm
AvBW AvQ| AviI AvQ Rjxqev I IRvb| evqygji MY MvmjvB
wMbnvDR Mvm| cvKwZKfve m Mvm QvovI gbylm wmGdwm I
GBPwmGdwm, nvjb BZvw` MvmI evqygj hy nqQ|
wMbnvDR cwZwqv (Green House Effect)

kxZcavb `k mvaviYZ GK aibi ^Q KvPi Ni ZwiZiKvwi I

kvK-mewRi Pvl Kiv nq| dmj Drcv`bi Rb Kwg Dcvq Gme Nii
AvenvIqv cqvRb Abyhvqx Mig ivLv nq| Gme NiKB ej wMbnvDR| m~hi
Avjv I Zvc KvPi ga w`qB Ni cek Ki wK wewKiYi mgq mgy`q
Zvc ei nq AvmZ cvi bv| dj evBii Zzjbvq Nii fZi DZv AwaK
eRvq _vK| m~hi Avjv f~cK D Ki Zvj| wewKiYcwqvq GB Zvc
Avevi EavKvk wdi hZ Pvq| hw`I _K hvq| hvi dj evqygj Z_v
f~c D _vK Ges Rxebi euP _vKvi AbyKj cwiek mw nq| Gfve
wMbnvDR cwZwqv cvKwZKfveB NU| evqygj we`gvb bvBUvRb I
AwRb QvovI bMY cwigvY Abvb Mvm AvQ| G aibi Mvmjv nQ
Kveb WvB-AvBW, wg_b, bvBUvm AvBW, Kvivdziv Kveb, IRvb
BZvw`| Gme MvmB G aibi Zvc ai ivL| weMZ 200 eQi wk
wece-Di Kvj gvbyli KgKvi dj evqygji Mvmjvi AbycvZ
cwiewZZ nqQ| G KviY evZvmi Zvcgvv gv^q ew cvQ| evqygj
Gme Mvmi cwigvY evoQ ej wMbnvDR cwZwqvi mw nQ ev Zvcgvvi
ZxeZv eo hvQ|
Gb-1

DbZ weki cfz `kmg~n hviv 1992 mvj IBwmwW (AiMvbvBRkb di

BKvbvwgK Kv-Acvikb Av WfjcgU) Gi m`m wQj Ges m mg
`k hviv A_bwZK DiYi c_ (Economies in Transition the EIT
Parties)| Gi ga iqQ ik dWvikb, evwK `kmg~n Ges wewfb ga I
c~e BDivcxq `kmg~n| Gb-1 Gi AvIZvfy `kmg~n 2012 mvji ga
1990 mvji Zzjbvq 5 kZvsk wMbnvDR Mvm wbtmiY Kgvbvi AxKvi Ki|
Gb-2

Ges Rjevqy cwieZbi weic cfve gvKvejvq mnvqZv Kie ej Avkv Kiv
nq| ay ZvB bq, Gme `ki `vwqZ njv Dbqbkxj I A_bwZK DiYi
c_ _vKv `kmg~nK (BAvBwU) cwiekeve chyw mieivn Kiv|
Avc` (Hazard)

Avc` GKwU A^vfvweK NUbv, hv cvKwZK, gvbem ev KvwiMwi wUi KviY

NUZ cvi Ges hv gvbyli Rxeb I RxweKvi evcK wZ mvab Ki _vK|
D`vniY :
cvKwZK
gvbem
KvwiMwi

l
l

mvBKvb, ebv, fwgK, mybvwg, Liv, RjvQvm Ges

b`xfvOb BZvw`;
feb am, b-`yNUbv, AwMKv, moK `yNUbv BZvw`;
cvigvYweK `yNUbv/weviY, Lwb `yNUbv/weviY (Kqjv,
MvmKc, Zj) BZvw`;

Avc` `yhvM bq, eis `yhvMi mve KviY

f~wgK GKwU Avc`, Gi KviY cvYnvwbmn feb I Abvb AeKvVvgv

asmi gvag `yhvM `Lv w`Z cvi| g`y f-Kb Avc` wK GZ `yhvM
`Lv `q bv|
wec`vcbZv (Vulnerability)

Kvbv RbMvxi (Community) ev Zvi Ask (ew ev cwievi) Kvbv mywbw`

Avc` Avv nIqvi mvebv Ges D Avc`i cfve A_ev Kvbv Avc`i
ewkmg~ni gwKi gyL wUK _vKvi gZv b~bZg chvq _vKvB
wec`vcbZv|
SzuwK (Risk)

Kvbv Avc` ev Avc`mg~n, wec`vcb RbMvx I Zvi Avq, m` Ges

cwiek GB wZb Dcv`vbi wg_wqvi KviY wZKi cfvei mvebv|
A_vr mnR ejj Kvb Avc` NUvi mvebv I gvv Ges Zvi dj wbw`
RbMvxi wZi mvebv GB `yqi cviwiKZvB SzuwK|
SzuwK = Avc` mvebv x wec`vcbZv;
wec`vcbZv = wZi mvebv/mvg_

Gb-1-Gi Afy IBwmwW Gi m`m`kmg~n, Ze hviv BAvBwU cfz

bvq| GBme wkvbZ `kmg~n Dbqbkxj `kjvK Kveb wbMgb KgvZ
82

83

`yhvM (Disaster)

`yhvM njv cKwZ ev gvbyli viv m ev msNwUZ Ggb NUbv hv Pjgvb mgvR
RxebK Mfxifve evnZ Ki Ges gvbyl, m` I cwieki GZ wZ mvab
Ki hUv gvKvejvq GKwU mgvRK wekl c`c MnY KiZ nq Ges
qwZi cwigvY GZ ewk nq h Zv ay wbR^ m` w`q cvqB c~iY Kiv
me nq bv eis evBii mvnvhi cqvRb nq|
mvaviY A_ `yhvM ejZ Avc` evSvq wK mKj Avc`B `yhvM bq | Avc`
wec`vcbZv G `yUv Dcv`vb GK njB ZvK `yhvM ejv nq|

mgZv (Capacity)

mgZv nQ mwZKvi A_ev KvwbK Kvbv `yhvM D RbMvxi BwZevPK

Dcvq mvov `evi kw|

evsjv`k `yhvMi msw BwZnvm

evsjv`ki cvKwZK `yhvMmg~ni ga N~wYSo I RjvQvm, ebv,

Liv I b`xfvObB cavb|
GK wnmve `Lv hvq h weMZ 100 eQi G`ki Dci w`q eq MQ
cvq 58wU cjqsKix N~wYSo|
50 eQi nqQ 53wU ebv, hvi ga 6wU wQj gnvcveb, 135 eQi
msNwUZ nqQ cvq 20wU f~wgK|
1960 mvji gvSvgvwS _K 1997 mvji Ryb ch G`k QvU I
eo aibi N~wYSo, UbWv, RjvQvm I KvjekvwLi msLv `uvwoqQ
cvq 167wU Ges Gi ga cvq 15wU wQj fqven|
GZ cvYnvwbi msLv `uvovq 6 j _K 8 j Ges m`i wZ cvq
25 _K 30 nvRvi KvwU UvKv hv Avgv`i gZv `wi` `ki
DbqbK Kx cwigvY wcwQq wbq MQ Zv mnR Abygq|
weMZ `kKmg~ni ga 1952, 1954, 1964, 1984, 1987, 1988,
1998, 2000 Ges 2004 mvji ebv wQj fqven|
1988 Gi ebvq `ki cvq `yB-ZZxqvsk (cvq 52wU Rjv cvweZ
nq) Ges 1994/1998 Gi ebvqI `ki wexY Ask wZM nq|
GKBfve weMZ eQimg~ni ga 1982, 1989 Ges 1994 Gi Livq
`ki Divj cPzi qwZ nq|
84

eo eo b`x h_v cv, hgybv, gNbv, wZv BZvw`Z b`xfvOb nIqvi

dj nvRvi nvRvi jvK Mnnxb nq knivj wMq wfo Rgvq|
cvKwZK `yhvMK m~Yfve iva Kiv gvbyli c `ytmva wK wewfb
AwfZvi AvjvK `Lv hvq h, cvKwZK `yhvM mK mPZbZv I
cwZ, `yhvMi qwZ/SuzwK AbKvsk Kwgq w`Z cvi|
D`vniY wnmve ejv hvq, 1997 mvji 19k gi N~wYSoi ZxeZv
1991 mvji 29k Gwcji N~wYSoi ZxeZvi mgvb Ges Kvbv
Kvbv Gi Pq ewk wQj Ges GZ mUgvwUbm xc ch
RjvQvm Zwjq hvq, wK ZviciI GZ cvYnvwbi msLv wQj cvq
100Z mxgve, KviY c~eB cvq 6 j jvKK N~wYSo K`
vbvi Kiv me nq| cmZ, 29 Gwcj 1991 N~wYSo cvq `o j
jvKi cvYnvwb NU|

evsjv`ki cavb `yhvMmg~ni cwimsLvb

`yhvM GLb evsjv`ki mvaviY wP cwiYZ nqQ| MZ wek eQi ai Avgiv
wewfb eo eo `yhvMi mvx nq AvwQ; hgb 1991 mvji mvBKvb, 1998
mvji ebv, 2000 mvji AvKwK ebv, 2007 mvji wmWi BZvw`| GB
`yhvMjv cPzi Rxeb Ges m`i wZ KiQ Ges RvZxq I
AvRvwZKfve `w AvKlY KiQ| Abvb `yhvMI GLvb evievi nq|
hgb ebv, mvBKvb, f~wgam Ges Avb jvMv BZvw`| G QvovI evsjv`k
Abvb bxie `yhvMi gyLvgywL nqQ hgb Liv, gnvgvwi, gv (`ywf) Ges
wk gZz| G mg AvKwK wecw I AbK Rxebi wZ Ki Ges Pjgvb
DbqbK evavM Ki Ges hv RbMY miKvii DMi KviY nq `uvovq|
wgK

eQi

Avvi msLv

`yhvM

Rjv DcRjv
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

1986
1987
1988 (c_g evi)
1988 (wZxq evi)
1989
1990
1991

ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb

19
50
23
52
27
17
7
85

175
347
165
345
70
58
35

cwievi
1678934

RbmsLv
6715734
24823376
8937724
35732336
1848389
1383360
2293445

8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
17
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

1991
1991
1993
1994
1995
1995
1995
1996
1997
1970
1985
1986
1988
1989
1990
1991
1991
1994
1995
1996
1997
1997
1998
1999
2000
2002
2003
2004
2007
2007
2009

ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
RjvQvm
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
ebv/b`xfvOb
RjvQvm
RjvQvm

23
28
33
15
40
22
14
48
37
5
9
7
21
33
39
33
19
2
28
2
10
12
52
28
9
36
36
39
46
30

97
170
224
40
259
88
100
222
180
99
30
30
131
71
127
100
102
8
67
9
66
61
366
40
209
209
265
263
200

1650054
888336

16520
743467
374583
5711962
1084593
811144
1949940
1578029
7468128
2851559
2,064,026

3410404
5582355
11559586
553467
16382922
5806950
4007310
8106988
5008868
1100000
167500
238600
1006536
346087
1015866
121229
13798275
422020
305953
81162
3784916
2015669
30916351
4338372
3244576
7606837
7611955
36337944
13343802
8923259
195

BUvibUwfwK Z_mvi
cwiek I eb gYvjqi IqemvBU: www.moef.gov.bd
GB IqemvBU wbgv `wjjmg~n cvIqv hve:

Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan 9

(BCCSAP) 2009
National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA)
Financial Guideline of Government Projects Under Climate
Change Trust Fund

Climate Change Trust Act 2010

Climate Change Trust Fund Policy (CCTF)

NGO Selection Policy

Project Proposal Format, Monitoring & Evaluation plan+Revised

Project proposal Format
Government Gazettes: Climate Change Trust Fund 23-02-2010
Government Gazettes: Climate Change Trust Fund 23-02-2010
NGO
Climate Change Trust Act 2010
Project Proposal Format Bnagladesh Climate Change Trust Fund
(PPCCTF)
Approved Project update November 2013

Drm: http://www.dmb.gov.bd/pastdisaster.html
86

87

Rjevqy mwKZ wKQz miKvwi-emiKvwi I AvRvwZK cwZvbi Iqe wVKvbv:

Government of Bangladesh: www.bangladeshgov.org

Department of Environment (DOE): www.doe-bd.org

Bangladesh Forest Department: www.bforest.gov.bd

Bangladesh Forest Research Institute: www.bfri.gov.bd

Research and Remote Sensing Organization (SPARRSO):

www.sparrso.gov.bd
Information Commission: www.infocom.gov.bd
Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS):
www.bids-bd.org

RjevqywelqK Znwej I mvsevw`K`i wKQz bUIqvKi Iqe wVKvbv:

The Society of Environmental Journalists (SEJ): www.sej.org

Solutions Journalism Network: www.solutionsjournalism.org

Fund for Investigative Journalism (FIJ): www.fij.org

International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD):

www.iisd.org

Earth Journalism Network: www.earthjournalism.net

Climate Funds Update: www.climatefundsupdate.org

Climate Investment Funds: www.climateinvestmentfunds.org

Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation(PKSF): www.pksf-bd.org

Maplecroft: www.maplecroft.com

Bangladesh Centre for Advanced Studies (BCAS): www.bcas.net

Community Climate Change Project: www.pksf-cccp-bd.org

Centre for Environmental and Geographic Information Services

(CEGIS): www.cegisbd.com

Ecology and Society: www.ecologyandsociety.org

E: the Environmental Magazine: www.emagazine.com

The UN System in Bangladesh: www.un-bd.org

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): www.ipcc.ch

Geological Society of America Data Repository:

www.geosociety.org

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

(UNFCCC): www.unfccc.int
United Nations Development Programme, Bangladesh:
www.bd.undp.org

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP): www.unep.org

The Global Environment Facility (GEF): www.gefweb.org

The World Conservation Union (IUCN): www.iucn.org

World Meteorological Organization (www.wmo.int)

88

89

kmsc
BCCSAP
BCCTF
BCCRF
COP
CCCP
CER
CDM
EIT
GHG
GEF
IPCC
LDCF
NAPA
OECD
PPCR
PKSF
REDD

Z_m~
Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan
Bangladesh Climate Change Trust FundBangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund
Conference of Parties
Community Climate Change Project
Certified Emission Resuction
Clean Development Mchanism
Economies in Transition
Green House Gas
Global Envirionment Facility
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Least Developed Countries Fund
National Adaptaion Prgram of Action
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development
Pilot Program for Climate Resilience
Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation.

cKvkbv

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest

Degradation

msev`gvag
11. wekevsKi RjevqywelqK cwZe`b/`yhvMi eo SyuwKZ `k, c_g
Avjv, 20 Ryb 2013
12. 259 eQi wbtmZ wMb nvDm Mvm/`yB-ZZxqvski Rb `vqx 90wU
cwZvb, c_g Avjv, 1 wWm^i 2013
13. AxKvibvgv w`qB kl nj Rjevqy mjb, BdZLvi gvngy`, c_g
Avjv, 20 wWm^i 2009
14. bZyb Znwej MVb mgSvZv, c_g Avjv, 12 wWm^i 2010
15. Pvi LyuwUIqvjv Qv`i wbP `qvj-`iRv-Rvbvjv nQ, fvjv Awdm, c_g
Avjv, 24Gwcj 2013
16. N~wYSo gnvmbi ci miKvwi mnvqZv/ ZvwjKvq abx`i bvg, wbR^
cwZe`K, c_g Avjv, eibv, 5 RyjvB 2013
17. cwiKbv Kwgkbi mgxv/ Rjevqy Znweji cK RvovZvwj I
A^QZv, BdZLvi gvngy`, c_g Avjv, 20 Ryb 2013

TIB
Transparency International Bangladesh
UNFCCC United Nations Framwork Convention of Climate Change

90

1.
2.
3.

`yhvM Kvl, Lv` I `yhvM eevcbv gYvjq, wmwWGgwc, 2009

Rjevqy cwieZb, Advg cKvkbv, 2013
evsjv`k Rjevqy A_vqb: mykvmbi Pvj I DiYi Dcvq, wUAvBwe,
3 Avei 2013
4. Rjevqy cwieZb: RvZxq cwiKbv I A_vqb, wRqvDj nK gyv,
wmGmAviGj, Advg, 2009
5. MvBW eyK: wKb WfjcgU gvKvwbRg (wmwWGg), cwiek Awa`i,
cwiek I eb gYvjq, m^i 2011
6. `yhvMi gyLvgywL, kvnwiqvi Lvb, GgAviwWAvB, 2011
7. Rjevqy cwieZb/wec` evsjv`k, nvib-Avi-iwk`, 2012
8. Kwl mvsevw`KZv, P`veZx GKvWwg, m^i 2012
9. ZYg~j mvsevw`KZv: aviYv I KjvKkj, gxi gvmii Rvgvb I RM`xk
mvbv, GgGgwm, 2001
10. gvbweK Ave`bg~jK cwZe`b I wdPvi, gxi gvmii Rvgvb, GgGgwm,
2003

91

18. wechqi wkKvi bvix, eibv, c_g Avjv, 1 RyjvB 2013

19. bvix mePq ewk SuywKZ, Rjevqy cwieZb, RvevB`v bvmixb, c_g
Avjv, 17 wWm^i 2009
20. Aekl wKQzUv Avkvi Avjv/ wek Rjevqy mjbi mgvw, c_g Avjv,
25 bf^i 2013
21. iqUvm, 4 wWm^i 2013
22. Rjevqy Znweji h_Q eenvi: AvIqvgx jxM bZv`i GbwRI cvQ
eiv, Avwidyvgvb Zywnb, Kvji K, 7 g 2013, cwZe`b ZwiZ
Z_ mnvqZv: Kvji Ki mvZxiv, fvjv, UvvBj, wKkviM,
KywoMvg, gv`vixcyi, hkvi, wmivRM, bxjdvgvix, MvBevv, ivOvgvwU I
RqcyinvUi wbR^ cwZe`K I cwZwbwaiv
23. cUyqvLvjxZ AwZew I A^vfvweK Rvqvi/AvDk evcK wZ Avgb
Avev` wbq `ywvq KlK, cUyqvLvjx Awdm, c_g Avjv, 6 RyjvB
2013

AbjvBb
24. https://www.adaptation-fund.org/about
25. http://www.thegef.org/gef/ldcf
26. https://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/financial_mechanism
/special_climate_change_fund/items/3657.php
27. http://unfccc.int/cooperation_support/financial_mechanism/fast_
start_finance/items/564 6.php
28. http://www.dmb.gov.bd/pastdisaster.html
29. http://underthebanyan.wordpress.com/2011/08/16/25-tips-for-cli
mate-change-journalists/
30. Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Review (CPEIR)
2012, UNDP
31. Global Climate Risk Index, Germanwatch, 2012
32. Turn Down the Heat: Climate Extremes, Regional Impacts, and
the Case for Resilience, World Bank, June 2013
33. Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan-BCCSAP

92