IQPC FPSO Conference

London 21st and 22nd September 2004 London, 21st and 22nd September 2004
REGULATORY SUPERVISION of FPSOs
Division of Responsibilities
REGULATORY SUPERVISION of FPSOs
p
and Safety Implications
by Tore Sildnes,
Senior Principal Surveyor,
Off h Cl T h l DNV H d Offi N
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 1
Offshore Class Technology, DNV Head Office, Norway
Contents Contents Contents Contents
FPSO Introduction
Relationship between Coastal State Authorities Relationship between Coastal State Authorities,
Maritime Authorities and Class
Brief description of Class Systematics Brief description of Class Systematics
Local Variations and Practices
Implications and Experiences
Success Criteria
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 2
FPSO FPSO -- History History FPSO FPSO History History
FPSO (Fl ti P d ti St d FPSOs (Floating Production, Storage and
Offloading units) have developed over the last 40
t b i i l l l ti years to become increasingly popular solution
>100 units in operation worldwide
2/3 of fleet are conversions
70 projects underway 70 projects underway
110 projects under study
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 3
Growth in the worlds fleet of FPSOs Growth in the worlds fleet of FPSOs Growth in the worlds fleet of FPSOs Growth in the worlds fleet of FPSOs
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 4
(Source: Bluewater)
FPSO FPSO -- Advantages Advantages FPSO FPSO Advantages Advantages
One of the very few feasible technical solutions for the One of the very few feasible technical solutions for the
deep and ultra-deep water locations
C ti l l it l dit Comparatively low capital expenditure
Can be built based on conventional shipbuilding
technology
Finished and commissioned inshore, thus avoiding costly
offshore work.
Can take heavy payloads as well as providing storage and y p y p g g
offloading facilities.
Easy offshore installation decommissioning and re-use
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 5
Easy offshore installation, decommissioning and re use.
Simple FPSO based on converted tanker
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 6
FPSO Sendje Berge, Source Bergesen Offshore
Complex Purpose Complex Purpose--built FPSO built FPSO p p p p
d S il N
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 7
sgard; Statoil; Norway.
Safety Regimes Safety Regimes -- J igsawPuzzle ? J igsawPuzzle ? Safety Regimes Safety Regimes J igsaw Puzzle ? J igsaw Puzzle ?
Which rules are valid when and for what? Which rules are valid when and for what?
National legislation (shelf state)
Flag state regulations Flag state regulations
Class rules
International conventions International conventions
How are these related?
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 8
Different Regulatory Worlds Different Regulatory Worlds Different Regulatory Worlds Different Regulatory Worlds
Local (unique) Coastal State
Flag state regulations based on
Local (unique) Coastal State
Regulations
Regional Legislation
Flag state regulations based on
international conventions and
class
g g
Shuttle tanker from Knutsen O.A.S Haewene Brim at Pierce Field for BP.
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 9
Shelf State Legislation Shelf State Legislation
FPSOs must comply with Shelf State Legislation of the
S e S a e egs a o S e S a e egs a o
p y f g f
country it is to operate
All states have full sovereignty w.r.t regulating activities on f g y g g
their continental shelves
Activities on the shelf are generally not regulated by Activities on the shelf are generally not regulated by
international conventions
Industrialised countries are normally well regulated and Industrialised countries are normally well regulated and
have comprehensive rules for activities on the continental
shelf shelf
Third world countries have only in exceptional cases
comprehensive Shelf State Rules for petroleum activities
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 10
comprehensive Shelf State Rules for petroleum activities
Shelf State Legislation Shelf State Legislation gg
The legislation applies to all activities on the shelf
National legislation precede Maritime (Flag State) Rules, g p ( g ) ,
but will normally refer to flag state rules w.r.t. maritime
aspects p
Shelf state rules are normally more comprehensive than
flag state rules in that a wider range of aspects are covered g g p
Approval systematics normally deviates from maritime
practise practise
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 11
Flag States Flag States gg
Shi d M bil Off h U it t di i t ti ll Ships and Mobile Offshore Units trading internationally
have to comply with safety regulations of the Maritime
A thorit in the co ntr hose flag the nit is fl ing (the Authority in the country whose flag the unit is flying (the
Flag State)
l d d i l h f l i Flag states adopt and implement the safety regulations
given in conventions issued by IMO (International
i i O i i ) Maritime Organisation)
Maritime Safety Regime is a Flag State Regime as the
Flag State is enforcing internationally agreed safety
regulations (the conventions) through national maritime
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 12
law
Flag State Rules and FPSOs Flag State Rules and FPSOs gg
Production/storage units do not need flag but are free
to move in international waters when carrying flag
Seaworthiness may be documented by way of maritime Seaworthiness may be documented by way of maritime
certificates issued by Maritime Administrations
Coastal states may require FPSOs to be flagged and
l d classed
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 13
International Maritime Organisation (IMO) International Maritime Organisation (IMO) g ( ) g ( )
U i d N i b d f i i ff i United Nations body for maritime affairs
Develops and maintains conventions giving safety
regulations for ships and MOUs trading
internationally
Abt. 156 nations are members of IMO
Secretariat and meetings in London Secretariat and meetings in London
IMO has no operational role
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 14
IMO Conventions and Resolutions IMO Conventions and Resolutions
Important IMO conventions include:
o SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea)
o MARPOL (pollution prevention)
L d Li o Load Line
o Tonnage
o MODU (Safety code for drilling units) o MODU (Safety code for drilling units)
Degree to which IMO requirements are enforced for FPSOs depend
on the flag state g
Important to check flag authority position early in a project
Examples: p
o MARPOL double hull requirement
o MARPOL stability requirements
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 15
Relations Relations -- Shelf State, Flag & Class Shelf State, Flag & Class , g , g
Flag states require classification
Delegation of authority from Flag State to Class is Delegation of authority from Flag State to Class is
normal
For operation on continental shel es there are For operation on continental shelves, there are
normally additional local coastal state requirements
l i f h i f l h i Delegation of authority from Coastal State Authority
to Class is rare
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 16
Relation Maritime Authorities vs Class Relation Maritime Authorities vs. Class
STATUTORY
National Laws and Regulations
CLASS RULES
STATUTORY
REGULATIONS
Statutory Services
based on delegated
authority
Control by Class
Control by
A thorities
y
y
Authorities
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 17
What is Classification ? What is Classification ?
Classification is a system for safeguarding life,
property and the environment due to operational
consequences
Classification implies a process of verifying unit p p y g
standards against a set of requirements Class
Rules and Standards
Classification aims to verify that the required Rule
standard is built in, observed and maintained standard is built in, observed and maintained
throughout the units life
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 18
Role of Classification Role of Classification
Classification has gained world wide recognition as an adequate Classification has gained world wide recognition as an adequate
level of safety and quality, i.e. provides a sound basic safety
standard
Classification serves as a verification system for a number of
parties who have special interest in the safety and quality of
MOUs, such as:
National Authorities
I d it Insurance underwriters
Owners
Building yards and sub-contractors Building yards and sub contractors
Finance institutions
Charterers
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 19
Classification - LifetimeApproach Classification Lifetime Approach
Design Approval Design Approval
Construction survey Construction survey
Certification Certification Certification Certification
Operation follow Operation follow--up up
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Slide 20
Hierarchy of Classification Certificates Hierarchy of Classification Certificates yy
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det Norske Veritas
h l ifi d h
CLASS
CERTIFICATE
has classified the
Floating Production, Storage and
Offloading Vessel and that it is
built in accordance with the
Societies Rules for
Offshore Ships, July 2000
System
APPROVAL
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviewed the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviewed the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
Component
CERTIFICATES
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviews the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviews the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is herby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviewed the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviews the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
Material
CERTIFICATES
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviewed the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviewed the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviewed the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is herb certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
has reviews the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
DET NORSKE VERITAS
It is hereby certified that
Det NorskeVeritas
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 21
has reviewed the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
has reviewed the
NAM F3
ConcreteGravity Base
Platformand that it is built in
accordancewith theSocieties
Rules for Fixed Offshore
Installations, July 1992
Class Notations Class Notations
Scope of classification is determined by
mandatory and additional class notations e g mandatory and additional class notations, e.g.
Main
character
of class
Service
and Type
Special feature
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 22
of class
notation
p
notation
FPSO Main Class covers the following systems:
Arrangement incl area classification and escape Arrangement, incl. area classification and escape
Emergency safety systems
Structural strength including hull and superstructure Structural strength including hull and superstructure,
materials, welding, fabrication and corrosion protection
Stability Stability
Watertight and weather-tight integrity
Machinery and systems for marine use Machinery and systems for marine use
Electrical installations for marine use
I t t ti d t ti Instrumentation and automation.
Fire protection
P iti k i
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 23
Position keeping
Classification - What is not Covered? Classification What is not Covered?
Functionality/reliability of non-safety critical systems
Lif ti id ti i t Life time considerations equipment
Requirements to user friendliness q f
Requirements to inspection- and maintenance friendliness
Requirements to personnel protection only partly
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 24
Verification of Requirements - Offshore Units Verification of Requirements Offshore Units
Owner, Operator Owner, Operator
e
n
t
s
Flag, Shelf, other
Class
e
q
u
i
r
e
m
R
e
Work Scope
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 25
MARPOL and FPSOs: New Guidelines MARPOL and FPSOs: New Guidelines
SOLAS
Annex 1 Unified interpretations
Modified
MARPOL
L d li
Annex 2
Annex 3
IMO
Modified
Load lines
Annex 4
Annex 13. Guidelines for Application
of Marpol Annex 1. Requirements
to FPSO/FSOs to FPSO/FSOs
New
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 26
MARPOL and FPSOs: Application MARPOL and FPSOs: Application
Applicable to: Applicable to:
Existing FPSO/FSOs
New built FPSO/FSOs
Conversions from existing tankers Conversions from existing tankers
Applicable for units flagged units and for other units
where directed by coastal authorities where directed by coastal authorities
Expected entry into force January 2007
Also applicable during temporary disconnection
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 27
MARPOL and FPSOs: Impact of Changes MARPOL and FPSOs: Impact of Changes
Discharge requirements
Double sides / collision risk Double sides / collision risk
Tank arrangement / sizes
Stability
Enhanced surveys Enhanced surveys
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 28
MARPOL and FPSOs: Discharges MARPOL and FPSOs: Discharges
Machinery space drainage
Offshore processing drainage Offshore processing drainage
Production water discharge
Displacement water discharge
Contaminated sea water
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 29
MARPOL and FPSOs: Discharge classification g
Prod.from
Oil/gas separation
Gas
"wet oil"
wellhead
Oil/gas separation
Dehydration Storage
Transport to
shore
Reroute to
production
1
shore production
stream
2
Separation
Gravity
separation
Generators, fuel tanks
and pumps
Oil and gas
processing activities
Machinery Open and closed
Seawater introduced
into cargo tanks
Contaminated
seawater from
ti l
Gravity separation Gravity separation
Gas flotation
separation
space drainage drainage
Gravity separation
operational
purposes
separation
Displacement
water discharge
Production water
discharge
Offshore processing
drainage
Machinery space
drainage
Contaminated
seawater
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 30
MARPOL 73/78 AND NATIONAL REGULATIONS NATIONAL AND REGIONAL REGULATIONS
MARPOL and FPSOs: Means of discharge MARPOL and FPSOs: Means of discharge
S d h Send ashore
Incinerate
Separate/discharge
Add to production stream Add to production stream
Di h it i Discharge criteria:
Flag state : Marpol: 15 p.p.m.
Coastal state: Oslo Paris Convention 40 p.p.m
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 31
MARPOL and FPSOs: Collision risk MARPOL and FPSOs: Collision risk
N b ilt FPSO D bl h ll i d Newbuilt FPSOs: Double hull required.
(no double bottom).
Converted tankers: Appropriate measures pp p
to address collision risk
Existing FPSOs: No upgrade required
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 32
MARPOL and FPSOs: Appropriate measures MARPOL and FPSOs: Appropriate measures
Double sides in way of supply boat area.
Ensure that wing tanks in way of supply boat areas are
dedicated ballast tanks or void spaces.
Adding sponsoons to the sides of the hull.
F d (Y k h t l f ) i f l Fenders (Yokohama or steel frames) in way of supply
boat mooring area.
Use of deck cranes with increased boom length and Use of deck cranes with increased boom length and
dynamic positioned supply vessels which maintain
sufficient distance from ships sides to avoid contact
Collision avoidance measures (navigational warnings,
safety zone etc.)
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 33
MARPOL and FPSOs: Limitation of oil outflow MARPOL and FPSOs: Limitation of oil outflow
R i t li bl f t k b t till Requirements applicable for new tankers, but till
now not for tankers delivered before 1977.
Maximum oil outflow shall not exceed 30,000 m3
Limits possibilities for location of ballast tanks p
Only relevant for VLCC size FPSOs/FSOs
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 34
MARPOL and FPSOs: Tank Configuration MARPOL and FPSOs: Tank Configuration
Cargo and slop tanks
ll k Ballast tanks
29031
Compliant:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Slops
5232
10950 11173 17858 20990 20990 15665 15200 10950 11173 17858 20990 20990 15665 15200
Non- Compliant:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Slops
Non Compliant:
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 35
36655
Regional Regulations Regional Regulations g g g g
Production units may need to comply with regional
regulations regulations
EU-directives apply to FPSOs on continental shelves of
member countries and other countries adopting EU member countries and other countries adopting EU-
directives into own legislation
Oth i l di ti l d di Other regional directives may apply depending on
location
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 36
Regional Variations & Practices:
United Kingdom United Kingdom
The Duty Holder is responsible for establishing a y p g
performance standard and a verification scheme for the
safety critical elements as identified in the Safety Case y y
An independent competent person (ICP) shall execute
verification according to the scheme verification according to the scheme
No delegated authority to Flag/Class or requirement for
FPSO to be Flagged/Classed FPSO to be Flagged/Classed
Class covers many safety critical elements for an FPSO,
d b d t d t ti l li ith and may be used to document partial compliance with
regulations
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 37
EU directives to be complied with
Regional Variations & Practices:
Norway Norway
Permanently placed FPSOs to comply with local y p p y
petroleum regulations referring extensively to local
NORSOK standards
Short term FPSOs may alternatively comply with
maritime rules (flag and class) for marine aspects maritime rules (flag and class) for marine aspects
Operator has overall responsibility for safety objectives
and for achieving and maintaining these and for achieving and maintaining these
No requirement for Flag / Class or delegated authority to
th f th P t l Di t t these from the Petroleum Directorate
EU directives apply for production related aspects
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 38
US Gulf of Mexico
Regional Variations & Practices:
US Gulf of Mexico
MMS has now issued a Final Environmental Impact
Statement giving overall green light for FPSOs in
deepwater GoM
USCG states they are ready to take FPSO applications
right now (regulatory concerns will be settled) g ( g y )
None operating yet
FPSOs on location need not be US flagged (US Customs FPSOs on location need not be US flagged (US Customs
decision March 2001)
Sh ttl t k d t b Shuttle tankers need to be :
US flagged
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 39
Built and crewed from US in compliance with the Jones Act
U S -Gulf of Mexico
Regional Variations & Practices:
U.S. Gulf of Mexico
Jurisdiction is shared between Mineral Management
Services (MMS) and US Coast Guard (USCG)
- ref. MoU (16 Dec. 98) ( )
The MMS issue production permit based on
- review and audit of production facilities and review and audit of production facilities and
- Certified Verification Agency (CVA) Statement
Th USCG i C ifi f I i (C I ) f The USCG issue Certificate of Inspection (C.o.I.) for
floating production facilities; Classification is credited g p ;
towards C.o.I.
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 40
Australia
Regional Variations & Practices:
The Duty Holder has overall responsibility for safety
Australia
The Duty Holder has overall responsibility for safety
The Federal States in Australia have established a
Safety Case Regime Safety Case Regime
Verification plan to be agreed between the Duty
H ld d th R l t Holder and the Regulator
If moving off location, compliance with marine act
incl. marine crew necessary
An independent Verification Body shall verify
according to agreement Duty Holder / Regulator
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 41
Canada
Regional Variations & Practices:
Two jurisdictions on East Coast:
Canada
Newfoundland; Canada Newfoundland Offshore Petroleum Board
(C-NOPB)
Nova Scotia; Canada Nova Scotia Offshore Petroleum Board (C-
NSOPB)
P d ti it t Production units must:
comply with the Drilling, Installation and Production Regulations
of the respective Boards of the respective Boards
be issued with a Certificate of Fitness from an approved
Certifying Authority Certifying Authority
In addition all floating units must comply with Transport Canada
Marine Safety Regulations
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 42
Marine Safety Regulations
Angola
Regional Variations & Practices:
Angola
No regulations in place for offshore E&P activities
Petroleum laws being submitted to Parliament g
All offshore developments are Production Sharing
Agreements where SONANGOL is a stakeholder Agreements where SONANGOL is a stakeholder
Operators have used best practice
Cl ifi i d i i l i i ifi Classification and international maritime certificates
used as basis
No requirement for flagging/classing units
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 43
Nigeria
Regional Variations & Practices:
O t ibl t d l i l ti b D t t
Nigeria
Operator responsible towards legislation by Department
of Petroleum Resources (DPR)
Present legislation prescriptive including aspects of
safety, environment and fiscal revenues
Other agencies that may have involvement in FPSO
projects are the Nigerian Maritime Authority (NMA)
and Navy
Units must have flag/class documenting satisfactory g g y
structural integrity, and follow mandatory surveys
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 44
Brazil
Regional Variations & Practices:
HS&E l i l ti i l b t t ff h ifi
Brazil
HS&E legislation in place, but not offshore specific;
operational safety legislation under development
Several agencies have jurisdiction:
National PetroleumAgency (ANP)
Environmental Agency (IBAMA)
Coast Guard (DPC) Coast Guard (DPC)
Environmental impact studies required
Cl /fl i i i d f fl i d i Class/flag registration required for floating production
facilities
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 45
China
Regional Variations & Practices:
China Offshore Oil Operation Safety Office (COOOSO) is operating
China
China Offshore Oil Operation Safety Office (COOOSO) is operating
unit within China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC), the
only state owned offshore oil & gas company only state owned offshore oil & gas company
Rules and regulations established by COOOSO and formally
authorised by P.R. China State Bureau of Economy and Trade y y
COOOSO acknowledge some international rules and standards
Duty Holder responsible and must obtain certificate of compliance / y p p
fitness from certification agency
Certification agency has to be authorised by COOOSO
For FPSOs, Rules of major classification societies are accepted
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 46
Caspian Sea
Regional Variations & Practices:
Caspian Sea
DNV running project with Azeri Safety Authorities and
BP-Amoco Exxon Agip and Statoil to develop safety BP Amoco, Exxon, Agip and Statoil to develop safety
regime based on international best practice for
offshore E&P activities in Azerbaijan offshore E&P activities in Azerbaijan
Caspian littoral states do not require international
classification classification
Foreign operators chose international class to all new
d t d fl ti t and converted floating assets
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 47
Implications and Experiences:
Implementation and Use of Risk Analysis Implementation and Use of Risk Analysis p y p y
Modern offshore regulations rely heavily on risk analysis Modern offshore regulations rely heavily on risk analysis
To be refined during project stages with new requirements often introduced late in
project
Few prescriptive requirements
Problems for yards locked into fixed price - no time/money for iterations.
Even if yard take precautions, vendors have no role in process, and
additional requirements affecting their supply difficult to enforce without
dela s and re ork delays and rework
On the other hand, risk analyses provide opportunity to circumvent
unsuitable prescriptive requirements by demonstrating that alternative unsuitable prescriptive requirements by demonstrating that alternative
solutions have acceptable level of safety.
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 48
Implications and Experiences:
Process of Communication Process of Communication
Regulator
The builder has no channel of
communication with the regulator (e.g.
NPD HSE) NPD, HSE)
Operator
Traditional triangular
Owner
g
communication is yard/class/
owner
Shelf State regulations leave a lot
of room for interpretations - how
thi b l d h d
Yard Class
can this be resolved when yard
cannot discuss with Regulator ?
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 49
Implications and Experiences:
Accommodation
Shelf regulations have working
environment requirements environment requirements
beyond maritime practice, e.g.:
lay-out y
lighting
ergonomic aspects
noise & vibration
Source: Terra Nova project
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 50
Implications and Experiences:
Working environment regulations Working environment regulations Working environment regulations Working environment regulations
Local working environmental regulations may have strong influence
upon the size of the FPSO upon the size of the FPSO
These requirements often introduced late in projects with
subcontractors not having any knowledge g y g
No common international standards which cover the area adequately.
Main message: a essage:
Must be understood / clarified at early stage of project
Require significant investment at design/engineering stage
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 51
Implications and Experiences:
Conflicting codes Conflicting codes
Hull and machinery treated as "marine" with class/flag as basis
Conflicting codes Conflicting codes
Hull and machinery treated as marine with class/flag as basis
For process systems shelf regulations govern
Utilit d ili t ft f i d Utility and auxiliary systems often common for marine and
process systems and thus covered by double set of requirements
T i ll d i i t t i f h t t Typically compressed air, instrument air, fresh water, sea water
cooling, etc.
To avoid this cost drivers and re work: To avoid this cost drivers and re-work:
detail interpretations with accompanying code and specification
breaks to be made in the project definition phase breaks to be made in the project definition phase
clarifications passed on to sub-contractors and listed in purchase
orders etc
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 52
orders etc.
FPSO Experiences:
Norwegian Sector Key Findings Norwegian Sector Key Findings
2002 Study by Norwegian Oil Industry Association on 2002 Study by Norwegian Oil Industry Association on
lessons learned from existing Norwegian FPSOs
58 fi di d iti l j d i t t 58 findings grouped as critical, major and important
Pls refer http://www.olf.no/lesson/ for detail info
Critical Findings - Project Issues: g j
Capex over-runs/Schedule delays
Critical Findings Topside Issues Critical Findings Topside Issues
Gas compression liquid carry-over
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 53
FPSO Experiences:
Norwegian Sector Key Findings Norwegian Sector Key Findings
Critical Findings Marine Systems:
Green Water
Hull Cracking
Turret Bearing Performance
Turret Location
i d d Marine Standards
Critical Findings Operations
Layout issues
Insufficient accommodation
B t l But also:
High Uptime
Good Safety Performance
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 54
Good Safety Performance
FPSO Success Criteria FPSO Success Criteria
Shelf state goal-setting requirements must be turned Shelf state goal setting requirements must be turned
into prescriptive verifiable requirements before fixed
i /d li t t t d i t price/delivery contracts are entered into.
Good collaboration between designer and verifier,
including sufficient time allocated for design
verification (ref cost of wrong design inconvenience of verification (ref. cost of wrong design, inconvenience of
late verification feed-back, etc.)
Active and professional owner organisation aware of its
responsibilities towards shelf authorities.
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 55
p
FPSO Success Criteria FPSO Success Criteria
Understanding and agreeing up front on the responsibilities
of risk analyses and the handling of their outcome.
Having adequate resources (competence and manning) to
handle the complex piping, electrical and instrumentation
installations of an FPSO.
M t FPSO j t h ll b b ilt i t diti l hi d th t Most FPSO projects shall be built in traditional shipyards that
rely on very efficient fabrication processes. These yards may
have up to 50 vessels being constructed each year and any have up to 50 vessels being constructed each year and any
interruptions in the fabrication schedule can impact on
several projects with severe consequences. It is then critical
to integrate, as far as possible, with the current yard
procedures.
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 56
Thank you for your attention. y y
STATOIL STATOIL
IQPC Conference, London, 09-2004
Slide 57