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towards


our presentation
-: Hydro politics :-
Group-E, we are..
Zahirul Islam
Shamsun Nahar
Shahadat Hossain
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Definition
Background
Theoretical aspects
Concept of sovereignty
Geography and Hydropolitics
Water and Conflict
Water and cooperation
A case study
Recommendations
Hydro - politics
Hydro politics is the systematic
study of conflict and cooperation
between states over water resour-
ces that transcend international
borders.
Abundance or Scarcity
Total amount of water:1.4 billion cubic km

100

☻Ocean:
90
80
70

95% - 97% 60
50 Ocean (saline
water)
(saline water) 40
30
Others (fresh
☻Others:
20
water)
10

03%- 05%
0
amount of total water

(fresh water)
Amount of fresh water
(3% out of 100%)
►ice :77% 80

70

►ground :22.4% 60
ice

►lakes :0.35%
50
ground
40

►streams :0.01% 30

20
lakes

streams
10

0
scenario of fresh water

Rivers carry only 0.000003% of


all the water on the planet
Back - ground

01. Emergence of nation-state

02. Industrial revolution


Emergence of nation state

Westphelian peace treaty


Industrial revolution

► industrialization
► increased production
► urbanization
► irrigation
Use of water
►agriculture :87%
90
80
70

►industry :04% 60
50
40

►urban :02% 30
20

►reservoirs :07%
10
0
use of water

agriculture

industry

urban

reserviors

NB: Colored words indicate same colored portion


Water intensities of selected
industrial products
Quantity and product Quantity of water consumed

• 1liter of petroleum 10 liters of water

• 1 can of vegetables 40 liters of water


• 1 kilogram of papers 100 liters of water
• 1 ton of woolen cloth 600 liters of water
• 1 ton of dry cement 4500 liters of water
• 1 ton of steel 20000 liters of water
Theoretical aspects

► Realist view

► Idealist view

► Liberalist view
Realist view
State is the main actor everywhere
and protecting its territory,
sovereignty & integrity are core
concern. Even everything is legal in
favor of state’s interest, if that is
harmful for others.
Idealist view
Idealism believes sovereignty of the
state is one of the main cause for war.
So it recommends the state to surrender
its sovereignty to the world government.
World government will protect the
weaker states from the stronger states.
Woodro wilson
Liberalist view
Having rationality of man can
determine the GOOD & BAD.
Individual self pleasure is the core
concern and other terms state has a
limited duties.

Jeremy Bentham
Adam Smith
Concept of sovereignty
►Absolute territorial sovereignty

►Absolute territorial integrity

►Limited territorial sovereignty

►Community of co-riparian states


geography & hydro politics

►Physical geography

►Economic geography

►Political geography
Physical geography
Physical geography means the actual
geographical location or position of
a particular river.
Economic geography

Economic geography means


economic value and importance
of a particular river basin.
Political geography

Political geography means


political relationship among the
riparian states of upstream and
down stream countries based on
water resources.
Water and Conflict

Scarcity of fresh Water may


lead to conflict among the
states around the globe.
is now being

!
Water and co-operation

Hydro political cooperation may take


a long time to develop but it may not
satisfy all parties equally. It needs
third party’s involvement.
A case study

Ganges-Brahmaputra
-Barak Basin
ly s is
an a
Ca s e
Who is the most benefited

?
►up stream's
or
►down stream’s
►Ganges basin
(controlled by upstream)

►Nile basin
(controlled by downstream)
s in
l e ba
N i
Controls depend on
two basic factors

 Power
 claim
Recommendations
01. International fund
02. Idealist politics
03. Infrastructures (less water required)
04. Technology (less water required)
05. Regional cooperation
io ns ?
Q ue s t
t o a s k
c e s s
Ac
Focused points of discussion
Hydro politics
Background
Theoretical aspects
Concept of sovereignty
Geography: Hydro politics
Water and Conflict
Water and cooperation
A case study
Recommendations
Thanks
For
Your
Patience

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