Caterpillar

Product Information
Salesgram
For Dealer Sales Personnel
December 1995
Caterpillar

988F Series II
Wheel Loader
Caterpillar Large Wheel Loaders will introduce the 988F Series II
the first quarter of 1996. The 988F Series II features powertrain,
operator station and other improvements to further lower the cost
per ton. Caterpillar 988F wheel loaders have been working around
the globe proving themselves as reliable, durable machines,
backed by world class support. The following improvements to the
988F Series II will further enhance our customers business and
our commitment to them.
(The serial number prefix will change to 2ZR from 8YG.)
988F Series II Improvements
3408E engine
Service brake/axles
Operator station
Operator oriented enhancements
Buckets
Specifications
2
Basic Specifications Comparison
988F 988F Series II
Power kW (hp) 298 (400) 321 (430)
Bucket Capacity m
3
( yd
3
) 6.0 (7.8) 6.15 (8.00)
Operating Weight kg (lb) 44 328 (97,727) 45 297 (99,857)
Breakout Force kg (lb) 37 363 (82,371) 37 399 (82,446)
Full Turn STL kg (lb) 25 595 (56,427) 27 603 (60,851)
Dump Clearance mm (ft-in) 3209 (10'-6") 3209 (10'-6")
Reach mm (ft-in) 1832 (6'-0") 1832 (6'-0")
Clearance Circle mm (ft-in) 17 356 (56'-11") 17 356 (56'-11")
Wheelbase mm (ft-in) 3810 (12'-6") 3810 (12'-6")
Height,
top of ROPS mm (ft-in) 4157 (13'-7") 4157 (13'-7")
* All measurement with spade edge bucket with teeth, and std tires.
Improvements
A new, 430 horsepower 3408E turbocharged and aftercooled
electronic engine with HEUI (Hydraulically actuated,
Electronically controlled Unit Injected) fuel system replaces the
current 400 horsepower 3408C turbocharged and aftercooled
engine with camshaft driven mechanical scroll fuel system. The
3408E HEUI engine features ADEM (Advanced Diesel Engine
Management) ECM (Electronic Control Module). Other 3408E
improvements include new engine parts for increased reliability
and durability. This new engine provides many unique
advantages over traditional diesel engines. Operating conditions
are electronically monitored to provide precise engine control
and optimized engine performance. Precise engine control is
achieved by the fuel systems independent, flexible control of
fuel injection timing, pressure and duration at every speed and
load point. The improved engine performance contributes to
better fuel economy, faster response, and lower emissions
for a cleaner, quieter environment and lower cost per ton.
3
Engine
3408E
Improvements
The basic principle behind HEUI is that fuel injection is
electronically controlled and physically carried out by high-
pressure oil.
HEUI system has two fluid circuits: fuel and oil. Fuel is supplied
from the fuel tank through internal passages in the cylinder head
to the injectors via a transfer pump. This design eliminates all
external high-pressure fuel lines. A fuel regulating valve controls
fuel system pressure.
Engine oil is drawn from the engine sump through an oil cooler
and filter to both the engine and the gear-driven oil supply pump.
The oil supply pump increases system pressure to the actuation
level of 700 to 3,300 psi. The high-pressure oil travels through
lines into an oil manifold near the injectors. The manifold stores
the oil at actuation pressure ready for the injector operation. The
rail pressure control valve electronically controls the output
pressure of the high-pressure oil pump and thereby controls the
fuel injection pressure.
The ECM receives input from various engine sensors to determine
the optimum fuel quantity, timing and injection pressure. The
ECM then communicates with the with the rail pressure control
valve to control injection pressure and with the electronic unit
injectors to control fuel quantity and injection timing.
4
HEUI Fuel System
Hydraulic pump
Manifold
Fuel injector
Timing gear housing
with speed sensor
Improvements
5
Piston: Aluminum alloy single piece castings with a cast-in
oil gallery to cool the piston ring belt area.
Engine oil transfer pump: Larger capacity for a greater
volume of oil at a lower speed resulting greater reliability and
lower sound levels.
Turbochargers: New bearing system and improved
aerodynamics for better response, altitude compensation
and lower emissions.
Cylinder block: Higher coolant passages, increased wall
thickness and deep-skirted lower structure for durability,
strength and rigidity.
Cylinder liner o-rings: New material with a friction resistant
coating for better resistance to deterioration from coolant
and oil.
Cylinder head: Additional coolant passages for better coolant
flow to the cylinder. Improved seal in the head to block joint.
Intake and exhaust valves: Chrome plated stems for smoother,
harder surface extends valve life.
Basic Engine Improvements
Piston
Oil transfer pump
Cylinder block
Cylinder liner with o-rings
Intake and exhaust valves
Improvements
6
The 3408E engine meets and exceeds the 1996 emissions
regulations and are capable of meeting 2001 regulations. It is
more responsive and produces less smoke and fewer particulate
than the current 3408C engine. Cold start-up mode allows the
engine to warm-up faster with less white smoke. Engine
operating noise is reduced by fuel injection rate shaping, fewer
moving parts than mechanically actuated fuel systems and by
a high capacity, low speed engine oil pump.
Fuel system reliability is improved by the simplicity of design
and the requirement for fewer adjustments. Overall reliability
for the fuel system is 50% better than the current product.
Durability, which measures the engine operating time prior
to a major overhaul, has been increased 20% from the current
3408C engine.
Performance improvement results from increased flywheel
horsepower and improved torque. The 3408E delivers 430
flywheel horsepower and a 34% torque rise. Fuel economy is
equal to or better than current engines. BSFC is improved up to
5% depending on application. Optimum engine performance is
achieved with independent, flexible control of fuel injection
timing, pressure and duration over the entire engine speed range.
Emissions
Reliability
Performance:
Improvements
7
Serviceability is improved with ADEM ECM (Electronic
Control Module). This control system provides features to
monitor critical engine operating conditions, to precisely control
fuel injection pressure, timing and duration, to integrate other
electronic controls on machine applications and to quickly
troubleshoot faults. Engine speed governing is fully electronic
and adjustment free. Engine protection is provided through visual
warning for low oil pressure, high coolant temperature, loss of
coolant flow and engine overspeed. Troubleshooting is facilitated
by active electronic fault indication and electronic fault log
history. Engine control data link provides integrated transmission
control and a customer interface for data communications.
This new HEUI fuel system is the only diesel fuel injection
system in the world which is virtually adjustment free. It does
not require rack adjustments or timing height settings common
to mechanically actuate unit injectors. Injector installation
requires only removal and installation of the injector and oil
jumper tube, and reconnection of the solenoid wire.
Serviceability
ECM
Improvements
8
Axle shaft brakes, similar to those on the 990 wheel loader, will
replace the current oil disc brakes found on the 988F. The new
axle shaft brakes are fully hydraulic, sealed from contaminants
and never need adjustment. Cooling oil contained in the axle
housing is carried by grooves in the face of the disc. This provides
cooling even when the brake is applied.
The previous design was configured with the brake on the high
torque side of the final drive. The new brakes are located on the
axle shaft before the final drive, giving the name Axle Shaft
Brakes. Since the brake is on the low torque side of the final
drive, the brake itself does not need to generate as much torque
as a conventional brake. With lower torque requirements, the
braking area required is reduced. Thus the new brake is not
as large as the previous brake design but has equal or higher
braking capacity.
Even though the brake is smaller, its braking capacity is higher
than conventional brakes. A brakes capacity is determined by
its ability to dissipate heat. The location of the Axle Shaft Brake
provides a physically larger reservoir of cooling oil. In addition,
the separator plates between the friction discs are thicker than
on conventional brake designs adding more heat sink for
effective heat dissipation. With its excellent ability to dissipate
heat, this brake, even though carrying less area, is able to provide
long, reliable fade-resistant braking.
On conventional brake designs, it is necessary to break the final
drive to service the brake. With the axle shaft brake, the final
drive and hub are removed intact. This exposes the brake discs,
allowing easy replacement. When the new discs are in, simply
replace the hub and final drive assembly.
Service Brakes/Axles
Improvements
9
The 988F Series II improves the operators station by reducing
the sound level, increasing the viewing area and improving the
interior environment. Operator station noise level is reduce to 79
dB(A) from 85 dB(A), reducing operator fatigue. Viewing area
is increased by adding more glass area to the lower part of the
cab. The interior cab environment is modernized with
a gray interior color scheme. Other operator oriented
enhancements include:
Ether Aid Automatic actuation controlled by operators
choice of ADEM or Manual Actuation.
Throttle Lock Presets the engine speed to enhance operator
control of the machine for high production.
The rocker switch located right below the
CMS panel turns the system on and off. The
two buttons right in front of the right arm rest
sets and resumes the engine speed. The first
button is to set and reduce the rpm. The throttle
lock can be shut off by pressing the brake
pedal. Previous engine speed may be resumed
by the resume button and this button also
adjusts speed upward in 50 rpm increments.
Axle
Temp Sensor Detects and advises the operator of excessive
axle oil temperature.
CMS Software changes to improve diagnostic
capability.
Operator Station
Improvements
10
Electrical
System MPC (Multi Process Controller) 10 is
retained but the software changes were made
for improved flexibility of the machine.
Wiring harnesses changes to improve the
reliability and durability
New & additional circuits
ISO Standard wiring
Steering System Steering hydraulic system redesigned to
improve efficiency and reduce power
requirement, improving fuel efficiency.
Changed PMS (Payload Measuring System) to PCS II.
(Payload Control System). This system gives the operator the
ability to measure payload on-the-go with an accuracy of +-2%.
PCS II compared to PMS has improved reliability, durability,
and functionality including download capability. (Available
2nd Qtr 1996)
Controlled by ADEM, the ride control system can be engaged
at certain speeds automatically or manually similar to the
990 system. The ride control option reduces pitching and
loping when machine is traveling at higher speeds. This
reduces spillage and allows the operator to cycle faster for
higher production giving the operator better control of the
machine at higher speeds. By minimizing ground induced
shocks, maintenance cost associated with drivetrain and tires
can be reduced.
Standard Bucket: A new, 8.25 cubic yard spade nose rock
bucket will replace the current 7.8 cubic yard spade nose rock
bucket to take advantage of the machines higher horsepower
and higher productivity.
Attachments
Payload Monitor
Ride Control
Buckets
Improvements
11
Quarry Bucket: The standard rock bucket, when used in
material weighing less than 2,700 lbs/lcy, may not obtain rated
payloads. The 9.0 cubic yard quarry bucket allows the 988F
Series II loader to achieve its full capacity and is recommended
for well shot quarry materials weighing less than 2,700 lbs/lcy.
Heavy Duty Quarry Bucket: This 7.8 cubic yard spade nose
rock bucket is specifically designed for quarry, aggregates
and mining operations, and factory modified with additional
protection. This bucket delivers maximum strength, durability
and wear life in high impact/high abrasion conditions.
Major improvements are as follows:
New 3408E HEUI engine with increased horsepower
Improved Productivity . . . . . . . . . . . .Increased performance
Improved Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Increased reliability
Improved Operating Costs . . . . . . .Increased durability and
serviceability
New high capacity axle shaft brakes.
Improved Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Increased reliability
Improved Operating Costs . . . . . . .Increased durability and
serviceability
New Cab
Improved Productivity . . . . . . . .Increased viewing area and
reduced noise
Summary
Caterpillar Large Wheel Loaders listened to customers around
the world and improved a machine which already had an
excellent reputation for reliability, durability and productivity.
The new 988F Series II machine was tested and found to be
more fuel efficient and productive than its predecessor.
Reliability and durability were also improved, further reducing
the customers cost per ton.
Additional information available on Large Wheel Loaders,
3408E engine and HEUI fuel system.
Product News
HEUI Fuel system brochure
HEUI Fuel system video
Block Handling Specalog
Logger Specalog
Load & Carry Specalog
988F Series II Specalog
988F Series II / 990 Series II walk-around video
Saleskit
Job study
Heavy Duty Quarry Bucket and GET Options
Quarry Bucket Salesgram
12
TEKQ4022
December 1995
1995 Caterpillar
Printed in U.S.A.
The information contained herein is intended for circulation only to Caterpillar and dealer employees whose duties require knowledge of such reports and is
intended exclusively for their information and training. It may contain unverified analysis and facts observed by various Caterpillar or dealer employees. However,
effort has been made to provide reliable results regarding any information comparing Caterpillar built and competitive machines. Effort has been made to use the
latest available spec sheet and other material in the full understanding that these are subject to change without notice.
Any reproduction of this release without the foregoing explanation is prohibited.