Quiz1 s07

Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

6.002 Circuits & Electronics
Spring 2007
Quiz #1
13 March 2007
Name:
Thereare26pagesinthisquiz,includingthiscoverpage. Pleasecheckthatyouhavethem
all.
Pleasewriteyournameinthespaceprovidedabove,andcirclethenameofyourrecitation
instructoralongwiththetimeofyourrecitation.
IMPORTANT: The problems in thisquiz vary in diculty; moreover,questions of dierent
levelsofdicultyaredistributedthroughoutthequiz. Ifyoundyourselfspendingalong
timeonaquestion,considermovingontolaterproblemsinthequiz,andthenworkingon
thechallengingproblemsafteryouhavenishedalloftheeasierones.
Doyourworkforeach questionwithintheboundariesofthatquestion, oronthebackof
theprecedingpage. Whennished,enteryouranswertoeachquestioninthecorresponding
answerboxthatfollowsthequestion.
Remembertoincludethesignandunitsforallnumericalanswers.
This isaclosed-bookquiz, but youmayuse acalculatorand your double-sided pageofnotes.
Youhave2hourstocompletethisquiz.
Good luck!
1. 2.
6. 7.
11. 12.
16. 17.
21. 22.
3.
8.
13.
18.
23.
4.
9.
14.
19.
24.
5.
10.
15.
20.
25.
FinalScore:
1
Cite as: Anant Agarwal and Jeffrey Lang, course materials for 6.002 Circuits and Electronics, Spring 2007.
MIT OpenCourseWare (http://ocw.mit.edu/), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Downloaded on [DD Month YYYY].
Problem 1: 4 points
V
O
18
12
12
12 V
S
V
O
V
S
= 1/4 1/3 1/2 2/3 3/4
2
Problem 2: 4 points
3
3
3
3
I
S
I
O
I
O
I
S
= 1/4 1/3 1/2 2/3 3/4
3
Network (B)
Problem 3: 4 points
i
R
2
R
1
V
-
+
I
+
-
v
Graphtheabovenetworksiv relationsasviewedfromitsport. Clearlylabeltheintercepts
andtheslope.
i
v
4

Problem 4: 4 points
R R R R R
(resistor pattern
R R R R
R
eq R
continues)
R
eq
= R/2 R
1+
2
3
R 1 +
3 R
1+
2
5
2R
5
Problem 5: 4 points
Write the node equations for the nodes el and e2 in the box below.
Problem 6: 4 points
Thevenin Thevenin
Equivalent Equivalent
Circuit Circuit
The current i is measured in two experiments which are performed on a Thevenin equivalent
circuit as shown. What is the Thevenin equivalent resistance?
Problem 7: 4 points
Abattery,whichcanbemodelledbyaTheveninequivalentcircuit,hasanopencircuitvoltage
of 2 volts. When a 500 resistor is connected to the battery, the terminal voltage dropsto 1
volt. Howmuch power is dissipated in the Theveninequivalentresistanceofthe batteryunder this
condition?
P
diss
= 0.002 W 0.005 W 0.5 W 2 W 5 W
8
Problem 8: 4 points
1
1
1 V
1 V
1 A
V
O
V
o
= 3/2 V 1/2 V 0 V 1/2 V 3/2 V
9
Problem 9: 4 points
2 m
Noiseinthe2meterdigitalchannelshownaboveisaddedinattherateof0.6V permeter.
Tocorrectforthatnoise,weintroducebuersintothechannel. Thepurposeofabueristotake
asignal,towhichnoisehasbeenaddedsothatitnolongermeetstheoutputspecicationsofthe
staticdiscipline,andcleanitupsothatitonceagainmeetstheoutputspecicationsofthestatic
discipline. Thesebuers,aswellasthegatesshown,obeythefollowingstaticdiscipline:
V
OL
= 1 V V
OH
= 4 V
V
IL
= 2 V V
IH
= 3 V
Whatistheminimumnumberofbuersrequiredtoconnectbetweenthedigitallinksinorder
toinsurecorrectoperation?
0 1 2 3 4
10
Problem 10: 4 points
B
A Z
Fillinthetruthtablefortheabovedigitalcircuit.
A B Z
0 0
0 1
1 0
1 1
11
A
C
B
Thisgateisequivalentto:
C
A A
C
C
B B
A B A B
(a) Circuit A (b) Circuit B (c) Circuit C (d) Circuit D
none of
A B C D
the above
12
C
19 k
19 k
100
V
O
10 V
Find the power dissipated inR
ON
,iftheMOSFETsareaccuratelyrepresentedbytheswitch-
resistormodel,wherethethresholdvoltageV
T
= 2 V andtheon-resistanceR
ON
= 100 .
P
diss
= 0.25 W 0.5 W 0.75 W 1 W 2 W
13
5 V
1 k R
L
V
O
V
I
Given thatV
I
= 5 V andV
O
= 5 V,andthattheMOSFETsareaccuratelyrepresentedbythe
switch-resistormodel,wherethethresholdvoltageV
T
= 2 V andtheon-resistanceR
ON
= 100 ,
ndtheminimumvalueofR
L
whichwillallowthisbuertooperatecorrectly.
R
L
= 50 150 500 1 k 2 k
14
P
R
TH
I
P
I
P
V
P
P V
P
R
1
V
TH
V
S
I
S
The deviceP inthecircuitsabove isanonlineardevice. Thecircuitintheleft-handgure
abovethatincludesthisdevicecanberepresentedbytheequivalentcircuitwhichisillustratedin
theright-handgure. FindexpressionsforV
TH
andR
TH
.
V
TH
= R
TH
=
15
2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 E
v~ (Volts)
The device D embedded in the circuit shown above has the i--u relation illustrated in the plot
located below the circuit schematic.
Circle the value of the voltage source Vs required to bias the device at the operating point
VD= 1 V.
The device Q in the circuit shown above has the i--u relation
Find the value of UQ in the circuit
1
1
Q
v
Q
v
S
i
Q
Theresultofanalyzing theabove circuit yields thefollowing relationship for the 2-terminal
nonlinear deviceQ:
3
v
Q
=
2
(v
S
1)
2
v
S
1
(2)
v
Q
= 0 v
S
<1
Letv
S
=V
S
+v
s
; thenv
Q
=V
Q
+v
q
. Findv
q
/v
s
ifV
S
= 5 V.
v
q
= 6 12 20 24 48
v
s
18
For the above circuit, iL = 3 4 . If Vs = 1V and us = 0.001 sin(wt), circle the correct expression
for ii.
A: 3 amps
B: (3 x sin3(wt) amps
21 = C: (1.11x sin(&) amps
D: (9.0 x sin(&) amps
E: (6.0 x sin2(wt) amps
A B C F(A,B,C)
0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0
0 1 0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1
1 1 0 0
1 1 1 1
Writea logicexpression corresponding to the functionF(A, B, C) in the above truth table.You
neednotsimplifyyourexpression.
F(A, B, C) =
20
Following t he node method, write a single node equation involving the node voltage el in terrns
of I,Vl, V2, R1, R2 and R3.
Node equation for el:
3
2.5
2
3 volts
V
Z
V
A
0.7
0.5
0
V
A
V
OL
= 0.5 V V
OH
= 2.5 V
V
IL
= 0.7 V V
IH
= 2.0 V
ThevoltageattheoutputZ ofthe2-inputANDgateisafunctionofthevoltageatinputA,
asgraphedabove. Circlethecorrectentryinthefollowinglistwhichindicateswhetherornotthe
ANDgate satisesthestaticdiscipline, andwhichboundaryisbrokenifthestatic disciplineis
violated.
0 0.5 0.7 2 2.5 3
V
Z
A:Yes,itsatisesthestaticdiscipline.
B: No, because theV
IL
thresholdisnotmetforallvalidinputs.
C: No, because theV
OL
D: No, because theV
OH
E:No,becausethetransitionthroughtheforbiddenregionisnotinstantaneous.
22
V
S
R
L
V
S
Z
R
L
A
B
D E
C
WriteabooleanexpressionforZ intermsofA,B,C,D,andE. Youneednotsimplifyyour
expression.
Z =
23
(a) Thevenin equivalent circuit A (b) Thevenin equivalent circuit B
The i-u characteristics for each of two Thevenin equivalent circuits are plotted in t he graphs
corresponding t o t he labelled network. Using t he graphs, es t i mat e t he current i~ when t he circuits
are connected as shown. Circle t he answer corresponding t o t he value nearest your estimate. ( Hi n t :
Th i s probl em i s mo s t easily done graphically. )
TheNORgatecircuitshownoperatesinadigitalsystemcharacterizedbyastaticdiscipline
withthevoltagethresholdsbelow.
5 V
10 k
ForbothoftheMOSFETs,
C
R
ON
= 2 k
V
T
= 2 V
A B
V
OL
= 1 V V
OH
= 4.5 V
V
IL
= 1.9 V V
IH
= 3 V
The supply voltage is currently 5 V. In order to save power, the designers are thinking of
reducingthesupplyvoltageto4 V. Canthedesignersmakethischangeandstillsatisfythestatic
discipline?
A:Yes,theycanmakethischange.
B:No,becausetheMOSFETSwillneverturnon.
C: No, because the gatewillnotmeet theV
OH
part ofthe static discipline.
D: No, because the gatewillnotmeet theV
IH
partofthestaticdiscipline.
E:No,becausethegatewillnotmeettheV
IL
partofthestaticdiscipline.
25
{Head Scratcher}
CalculatetheequivalentresistanceR
eq
seenbetweenthenodesA andB inthecircuitshown
above. Assume that allof the resistors have a value of 1 , and that 1 ampows into nodeA and
outofnodeB. (Note: this problem can be solved without writing any node equations.)
R
eq
= 1/6 1/3 1/2 5/6 1
26

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Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

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