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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis

ECET 207 AC Electric Circuit Analysis
Class 3, lab. 3, cr. 4.
Prereq: ECET 157, MA 151 or 154
AC circuits including the j operator, phasors, reactance
and impedance are studied. Circuit laws, network
theorems, and the fundamental concepts of Fourier
analysis are applied and used in the study of topics such
as passive filters, IC filters, amplifiers, resonant circuits,
single phase and three phase circuits, and elementary
magnetic circuits.
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Texts
uJ. Michael Jacob, Advance AC Electronics,
Delmar/Thomson
uJ. Michael Jacob, ECET 207 AC Electronics
Circuit Analysis Study Guide & Lab Manual,
Learning Systems
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Syllabus
u It is a contract.
Read it! Use it!
u General Information #8: Professional conduct
u General Information #9: Cheating
u Attendance
u HW, Quizzes, Labs
u Grading Policy
u Standards: HW and Lab Reports
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Calendar
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
u Homework due BEGINNING of class
WWW
See course web site
u Lab syllabus in lab
u No ECET 207 parts kit, ECET 107&157 needed.
u Flash drive, or diskette, or career account access
needed for lab this week.
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Role
Nick name
Initial beside your name, under todays date
Attendance policy!
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Web Site
http://www2.tech.purdue.edu/eet/courses/eet207/
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Other handouts
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Waves
uAlternating Current
usinewave terms
uaverage value
ueffective value (RMS)
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Alternating Current
umany waveforms ( waveshapes )
u sine
u square
u triangle
u pulse
u exponential
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
AC means
volts
time
Sinusoidal
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Why Sine Waves?
uMost easily and commonly generated
uRLC do not alter the shape
uAll other shapes can be made by
combining sine waves
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Waves
uAlternating Current
usinewave terms
uaverage value
ueffective value (rms)
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Wave Terms
uperiod
ufrequency
uangular velocity
ugeneral equation
uphase relationship
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Period of a Sine Wave
volts
time
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Period of a Sine Wave
time
period
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Period of a Sine Wave
time
period = T
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Period of a Sine Wave
time
period
Unit of measure = _________
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Period of a Sine Wave
time
period
Unit of measure = seconds
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Wave Terms
uperiod
ufrequency
uangular velocity
ugeneral equation
uphase relationship
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Frequency of a Sine Wave
ucycles per second
uunit of measure: Hertz = Hz
uf = 1/T
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Wave Terms
uperiod
ufrequency
uangular velocity
ugeneral equation
uphase relationship
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angle (instead of time for x axis)
udegrees
u 360
o
/cycle
uradian
angle whose arc distance = 1 radius
2
rad
/
cycle
?
o
/
rad
360
o
/
cycle
x
1 cycle
/
2 rad
= 57.3
o
/
rad
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angle (instead of time on the x axis)
volts
angle
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angle (instead of time on the x axis)
volts
angle
360
o
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angle (instead of time on the x axis)
volts
angle
180
o
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angle (instead of time on the x axis)
volts
angle
90
o
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angle (instead of time on the x axis)
volts
angle
270
o
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angle (instead of time on the x axis)
volts
angle
____rad
____rad
____rad
____rad
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angle (instead of time on the x axis)
volts
angle
2 rad 3
/
2
rad
rad

/
2
rad
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angular Velocity (instead of frequency)
units ?

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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angular Velocity (instead of frequency)
units

rad
/
sec
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angular Velocity (instead of frequency)
units

rad
/
sec

=
t
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angular Velocity (instead of frequency)
units

rad
/
sec

= =
t T
2
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Angular Velocity (instead of frequency)
units

rad
/
sec

= = =
t T
f
2
2
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Wave Terms
uperiod
ufrequency
uangular velocity
ugeneral equation
uphase relationship
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
General Equation of a Sine Wave
A
peak
sin
A imum
A
peak
m
=max
= angle
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
General Equation of a Sine Wave
A
peak
sin
A imum
A
peak
m
=max
= angle

=
t
= t
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
General Equation of a Sine Wave
A
peak
sin
A imum
A
peak
m
=max
= angle

=
t
= t
A t
peak
sin( )
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Example a.
At t =3msec, calculate v(3msec).
v(t) 168Vsin(377t) =
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Solution a.
v V = 152
At t =3msec, calculate v(3msec).
v(t) 168Vsin(377t) =
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Example b.
At what time does v(t) = 100V ?
v t V t ( ) sin( ) = 168 377
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Solution b. continued
t milli = 1 69 . sec
At what time does v(t) = 100V ?
v t V t ( ) sin( ) = 168 377
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Wave Terms
uperiod
ufrequency
uangular velocity
ugeneral equation
uphase relationship
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Phase Relationship: positive = leading
time
volts
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Phase Relationship: positive = leading
time
volts
t

360
o
T
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Phase Relationship: positive = leading
time
volts
t

360
o
T

t T
f =

=
360
360
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Phase Relationship: negative = lagging
360
T
t

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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Complete General Equation
v t A t
pk
( ) sin( ) =
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Complete General Equation
v t A t
pk
( ) sin( ) =
radians
degrees
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Example c.
At t = 3msec, calculate v(3msec).
v t V t ( ) sin( ) = + 168 377 50
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Example c.
At t = 3msec, calculate v(3msec).
v t V t ( ) sin( ) = + 168 377 50
v m V ( sec) . 3 152 5
=
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Waves
uAlternating Current
usinewave terms
uaverage value
ueffective value (rms)
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Average Value
Vave = Vdc
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Average Value
V
ave
= V
dc
V
ave
= area under the curve / length
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Average Value
Vave = Vdc
Vave = area under the curve / length
( )
( )
V
h l
L L
h l
ave
L
=

1
0
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Average Value
Vave = Vdc
Vave = area under the curve / length
( )
( ) V
h l
L L
h l
ave
L
=

=

1
0
V A d A
ave half wave peak peak _
sin( )

= =

1 2
0

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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Average Value
Vave = Vdc
Vave = area under the curve / length
( )
( ) V
h l
L L
h l
ave
L
=

=

1
0
V A d A
ave half wave peak peak _
sin( )

= =

1 2
0

V
ave full wave _
= 0
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Waves
uAlternating Current
usinewave terms
uaverage value
ueffective value (rms)
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Effective Value
uIndicated on a meter
uAlso called rms (root mean squared)
uThe amplitude of a signal which will deliver
the same power as a numerically equal dc.
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Effective Value Experiment
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Derivation
Look it up !
v
T
A d
rms pk
T
=

1
2
0
( sin )
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Derivation
Look it up !
v
T
A d
rms pk
T
=

1
2
0
( sin )
=
V
pk
2
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
Sine Waves
uAlternating Current
usinewave terms
uaverage value
ueffective value (rms)
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
MATLAB demo
Plot two cycles of a sine wave with:
V
p
= 170 V
p
f = 60 Hz T = 16.7 ms 2T= 33.4 ms
v = V
p
sin(2 f t)
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Purdue University ECET 207 AC Electronic Circuit Analysis
MATLAB demo