NUR SYAZWANI BINTI HUSSAIN

IBD 13404
1B 96

AIM
To investigate osmosis in potato strips when immersed in different concentrations of
sucrose solution

DATA COLLECTION
A. QUANTITATIVE OBSERVATION

Table 1 Quantitative observation of potato strips after being immersed in different
concentration of sucrose solutions for 30 minutes , concentrate on length.

















Molarities
of sucrose
solution
(M )
Initial length of potato strips
(cm 0.1cm)
Final length of potato strips
(cm 0.1cm)
Potato
1
Potato
2
Potato
3
Potato
4
Potato
5
Potato
1
Potato
2
Potato
3
Potato
4
Potato
5
0.2 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.1
0.3 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.1
0.4 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.0
0.5 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.8
1.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.7
Nur Syazwani Binti Hussain | IB 96

B. QUALITATIVE OBSERVATIONS


BEFORE
Generally all potato strips rigid in structure , pale yellow in colour , moist , and appear to be
in similar in structure and size .

AFTER
Table 2 Qualitative observations of potato strips after being immersed in different
concentrations of sucrose solutions for 30 minutes , concentrate on texture , structure ,
length and level of sucrose solution.




Molarities of
sucrose solution
(M)
Observations after 30 minutes immersed in sucrose solution
0.2 rigid in structure
length slightly increase
smooth texture
final level of sucrose solution decreases
0.3 rigid in structure
length remain unchanged
smooth texture
final level of sucrose solution slightly decreases
0.4 rigid in structure
length remain unchanged
smooth texture
final level of sucrose solution remain unchanged
0.5 less turgid
length slightly decreased
rough texture
final level of sucrose solution slightly increases
1.0 less turgid
length decreased
rough texture
final level of sucrose solution increases
Nur Syazwani Binti Hussain | IB 96
DATA PROCESSING

T o calculate the volume of sucrose solution in dilution :
M
1
V
1
= M
2
V
2
M
1
= initial molarities of sucrose solution
V
1
= initial volume of sucrose solution
M
2
= final molarities of sucrose solution
V
2
= final volume of solution

Example (to produce 0.2M of sucrose solution)
(1.0 M) V
1
= (0.2 M)(20 cm
3
)
V
1
= 4 cm
3

Table 3 1.0M of sucrose solution needed to be dilute to produce different concentration of
sucrose solution by adding different volume of distilled water.







Volume of Sucrose solution
(ml 1 ml)
Volume of distilled water
(ml 1 ml)
Concentration of sucrose
solution(M)
4 16 0.2
6 14 0.3
8 12 0.4
10 10 0.5
20 0 1.0
Nur Syazwani Binti Hussain | IB 96

To calculate average in length :

example (0.2 M):
( )

To calculate the difference in average length:


Example (0.2 M):
( )


To calculate standard deviation :

( )

Example (0.2 M) :

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

0.089443


Nur Syazwani Binti Hussain | IB 96





Table 4 The average final and initial of potato strips , difference in length of potato strips ,
and standard deviation


*Note :
Positive sign (+) indicates increase in length of potato strips
Negative sign(-) indicates decrease in length of potato strips









Concentration
of sucrose
solution
(M)
Average final
length of potato
strip
(cm0.01cm)
Average initial
length of potato
strip
(cm0.01cm)
Difference in
length of
potato strip
(cm 0.01 cm)
Standard
deviation
0.2 4.20 4.00 +0.20 0.09
0.3 4.10 4.00 +0.01 0.08
0.4 3.98 4.00 -0.02 0.04
0.5 3.84 4.00 -0.16 0.05
1.0 3.64 4.00 -0.36 0.08
Nur Syazwani Binti Hussain | IB 96


Figure 1 The difference average in length of potato strips when immersed in different
molarities of sucrose solution after 30 minutes.
*Note:
The error bar represent the standard deviation.

-0.5
-0.4
-0.3
-0.2
-0.1
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2
d
i
f
f
e
r
e
n
c
e

a
v
e
r
a
g
e

i
n


l
e
n
g
t
h

o
f

p
o
t
a
t
o

s
t
r
i
p
s

(
c
m
)

molarities of sucrose solution(M)

Nur Syazwani Binti Hussain | IB 96
CONCLUSION AND EVALUATION
Analysis
Osmosis is the movement of water molecule through the partially permeable
membrane from region with lower concentration of solute to the region with high
concentration of solute.
1
Based on the graph above, the 0.2M and 0.3M molarities of sucrose solution show
the increase in length of potato strips, because when the potato strip is immersed in
solution with high concentration of water molecule, or hypotonic, the water molecules will
diffuse into the region with lower concentration of water (potato strip) in order to achieve
equilibrium through osmosis. Hypotonic solution is one with a higher osmotic pressure, thus
the net movement of water will be leaving the hypertonic solution.
2
This may explain the
decreasing level of sucrose solution at the end of experiment from the observation
recorded.

Alternatively , point 0.5M and 1.0M molarities of sucrose solution show the decrease
in length of potato strips .When potato strips is immersed in solution with low
concentration of water molecule , or hypertonic , the net movement of water is into the
solution(sucrose solution) through osmosis causing the potato strip shrink ,decreasing in
length and increasing in the final level of sucrose solution . A hypertonic solution is one
with a lower osmotic pressure, indicating that the net movement of water moves into the
said solution.
2
From the graph , the isotonic point appear to be approximately ~0.35 ( red dot) ,
which indicates there is no net movement of water molecules between the potato strip and
sucrose solution . This may explain that there is no noticeable change in length during the
qualitative observations. Isotonic solution involves no net movement of water across a
partially permeable membrane as the two substances involved display osmotic equilibrium.
2
According from the result obtained , the isotonic solution will possess a molarity of
~0.35M approximately. The molarities of hypotonic solution will range from ~0.2M to
~0.35M , while the molarities of hypertonic solution will range from ~0.35M to ~1.0M.
___________________________________________________________________________
Jane B. Reece ,Campbell Biology ,United States of America , 2011 , page 179 , Pearson
C.J. Clegg , Biology for the IB Diploma, United Kingdom , 2007 , page 27 ,Hodder Education
http://www.coursework.biz/Essays/A-Level/Biology/473/


Nur Syazwani Binti Hussain | IB 96
As can be seen from the above graph and observations, we can conclude that as
molarities of sucrose solution increase, the difference in length of potato strips decreases.
3

As the molarities of sucrose solution increases the graph curved down .Thus, we can state
that there appears to be negative correlation between the length of potato strips and the
molarities of sucrose solutions, clearly evident in the above graph which shows an
exponential decrease in length.
Evaluations





__________________________________________________________________________________
4
http://davis-dais-2012-13.wikispaces.com/Internal+Assessments+IB+Bio
5
http://dpbiologyiszl.wikispaces.com/file/view/Sample+Lab+Report-+Potato+Osmosis.pdf.
6
http:// yahoo.answers.com/Q/What_can_be_used_to_replace_potato_in_osmosis#page3


Source of experimental error Method of experiment
Expansion of potato strips may not have
occurred uniformly in all dimension.
4
Volume and mass should have been
measured as well instead as suggested
above.
4
Limited accuracy of ruler measure length using vernier calliper
Uncontrolled condition of the laboratory
(varying temperature and humidity ).
5
conduct experiment in controlled condition
with consistent temperature and humidity.
5
Water was free to enter and exit the beaker.
4
Plastic cling film would have prevented
movement of moisture.
4
Softer potato strips may have been
deformed , reducing in length
handle the potato strips with extreme care
limited result only for potato strips repeat with another root vegetable or fruit
,such as yam , carrot or apple
6
to compare
the rate of osmosis