I.

Reading
Passage 1: Read the passage and do the task that follows
Calcite-containing dust particles blow into the air and combine with nitric acid in
polluted air from factories to form an entirely new particle-calcium nitrate. These
nitrates have optical and chemical properties that are completely different from those
of the original dry dust particles. Due to this, climate models need to be updated to
reflect this chemistry. Calcite dust is common in arid areas such as Israel, where this
past winter scientists collected particles for analysis.
Working from a mountaintop, the team collected dust that had blown from the
northern shores of gypt, !inai, and southern Israel. The particles had combined with
air containing pollutant that came from Cairo. They analy"ed nearly #,$$$ individual
particles and observed the physical and chemical changes at the W.% Wiley
nvironmental &olecular !ciences 'aboratory.
(n important change in the properties of the newly formed nitrate particles is that they
absorb water and retain moisture. These particles can scatter and absorb sunlight-
presenting climate modelers, who need to know where the energy is going, a new
wild card to deal with. )ther studies of dust samples from the !ahara ad the !audi
(rabian coast and loess form China show that the higher the calcium in the mineral,
the more reactive they are with nitric acid. In fact, once the particle is changed, it
stays that way.
*. What is the main idea of the passage+
a. There is a new particle called calcium nitrate.
b. ,actories are polluting the environment.
c. Climate models have to be updated because of the new particle calcium
nitrate.
d. Calcium nitrate has chemical properties different from other dust particles.
#. Why do climate models need to be updated to reflect the chemistry of calcium
nitrate+
a. The new particles can absorb water and retain moisture.
b. The new particles can scatter and absorb sunlight.
c. to stop acid dust.
d. both A and B
-. Do the particles react with nitric acid+
a. .o, but they continue to absorb the sun/s energy b. .o, and the particles do not
change
c. 0es, but the changes are temporary d. Yes, and the changes are
permanent
1. Which of the following may be a result of these particles+
a. The change of an ice age is increased b. We may see more rainbows
c. The greenhouse effects are increased. d. We may see an increase in
carbon dioxide.
2. Why does the passage begin with a description of the properties of calcium nitrate+
a. to give background information so the reader can understand the topic
better
b. 3ecause calcium nitrate is the main idea.
c. to show how elements combine to create calcium nitrate
d. to prove the e4istence of calcium nitrate
5. The word 6those in paragraph * refers to7
a. nitrates b. properties c. particles d. models
8. In the scientists/ research, where did the pollutants come from originally+
a. arid areas b. the !audi Coast c. Cairo d. the !ahara
desert
9. It can be inferred that 6retain in paragraph - is closest in meaning to7
a. hold b. lose c. increase d. need
:. What is the purpose of the passage+
a. to convince the reader that calcium nitrate is bad
b. to inform the reader of a new problem in climate modeling
c. to show how calcium nitrate was created
d. to show where calcium nitrate was first discovered
*$. In the third paragraph. What does the term 6wild card mean+
a. an unknown card in a card game b. an unknown item in the scientists
calculations
c. a large amount of acid dust d. none of the above
Passage 2: Read the passage and then fill in each gap with ONE suitable
word.
The mos;uito is an insect that 7*7.some of the worst diseases of man and animals.
Certain kinds of mos;uitoes7#77.the germs that cause such serious diseases as
encephalitis, malaria, and yellow 7-7. When a mos;uito bites, it may leave germs
behind. &any kinds of mos;uitoes do not spread disease, 717. they have painful
bites.
&os;uitoes are found in all part of the world, 727.near the .orth <ole. &ost kinds of
mos;uitoes that cause disease live in the hot, damp land near the e;uator. In some
countries mos;uitoes often 757.in great swarms that look like clouds. They attack
men, interfering with such work as fishing, lumbering, and mining.
&an controls mos;uitoes in many ways. !cientists have developed chemicals7..87
insecticides, which kill mos;uitoes and other insects. !mall amounts if these chemicals
kill mos;uitoes797 sprayed in homes, garages7.:7they grow. &os;uitoes lay their
eggs in marshes, swamps, and other pools of ;uiet water. ngineers may build canals
through marshes to drain off the 7*$7, and often fill small pools and swamps with
soil.
!ey
". spreads #. carry $. fever %. but &. even
'. gather (. called ). when *. where "+. water
II. uppl! the correct for" of the words gi#en in $%PI&%'.
*. &arc is a great %!(%C=777777777> he has devoted all his life to doing
scientific study on renewable energy.
#. The C).!?&777777777..of energy has increased steadily.
-. ,)%T?.(T777777777, it had been raining all day, so we had to postpone
the match.
1. (n C)')@07777.7is said to study the relation between organism and their
environment.
2. This country has benefited the <'.T0777777777..supply of cheap fuel.
5. =e was ACIT&.T 77777777to be asked to play for the &.?.
8. =e became internationally ,(&777777777..for his novels.
9. This maga"ine only aims at T.77777777777..
:. ?ncle =o is well-known for his &)D!T7777777777.
*$. 3y bringing =(<<0 777777777.to other people, you will be happy, too.
!ey
". researcher #. consumption
$. ,nfortunately %. ecologist
&. plentiful '. excited
(. famous ). teenagers
*. modesty "+. happiness
III. (ill in each blank with ONE suitable preposition
*. That book was written ................... Wilbur !mile
#. Would you like to go ................... a walk with me+
-. We fell .................love on a hot summer night
1. It is similar in taste ................... a banana
2. This article refers ................... the events of last year
!ey
". by #. for $. in %. to &. to
I). (inish the following sentences without changing their "eanings.
*. It is important for him to do well on his e4am.
It is important7777777777777777777777777777777.
#. If I were the Bueen, I would reduce ta4es.
Were7777777777777777777777777777777777...
-. !ally finally managed to get a Cob.
!ally finally succeeded777777777777777777777777777..
1. DI/m sorry that I broke the glassE, said <eter.
<eter apologi"ed777777777777777777777777777777.
2. The garden still needs digging.
The garden hasn/t77777777777777777777777777777...
5. Whose is that car outside the gate+
Who does777777777777777777777777777777777
8. I have never seen such a mess in my life.
.ever in777777777777777777777777777777777.
9. 0ou really should be able to dress yourself by now, lsie.
It/s time you77777777777777777777777777777777
:. I often get up early.
I am used777777777777777777777777777777777
*$. =e never suspected that the money had been stolen.
(t no time77777777777777777777777777777777..
!ey
". -t is important that he do well on his exam.
#. Were - the .ueen, - would reduce taxes.
$. /ally finally succeeded in getting a 0ob.
%. 1eter apologi2ed for breaking the glass.
&. 3he garden hasnt been dug.
'. Who does that car outside the gate belong to4
(. 5ever in my life have - seen such a mess.
). -ts time you were able to dress yourself, 6lsie.
*. - am used to getting up early.
"+. At no time did he suspect that the money had been
stolen.
). $hoose the word or phrase that best fits each space in the flowing
passage.
The shark is a meat- eating fish and one of the most feared animals of the sea.
!cientists F*G77 about #2$ species of fish as sharks. These fish live in oceans F#G
77..the world, but they are most common in warm seas.
!harks F-G777.greatly in si"e and habits. Whale sharks, the largest kind of shark,
may grow 5$ feet long. ( whale shark weighs up to *2 tons, more than twice F1G
7777.much as an (frican elephant. The smallest shark may F2G777..only 1 inches
long and weigh less than * ounce. !ome kinds of sharks live in the depths of the
ocean, but F5G7777are found near the surface. !ome species live in coastal waters,
but others F8G7777far out at sea. ( few species can even live in F9G7777..water.
(ll sharks are carnivores Fmeat- eatersG. &ost of them eat F:G7777fish, including
other sharks. ( shark/s only natural enemy is a large shark. !harks eat their prey
whole, or they tear off large chunks of flesh. They also F*$G7..on dead or dying
animals.
*. (. classify 3. divide C. organi"e D. arrange
#. (. all 3. through C. throughout D. over
-. (. grow 3. rise C. evolve D. vary
1. (. as 3. so C. very D. e4actly
2. (. stretch 3. measure C. develop D. e4pand
5. (. some others 3. others C. different kinds D. some sharks
8. (. dwell 3. e4ist C. emigrate D. migrate
9. (. fresh 3. sweet C. light D. clear
:. (. uncooked 3. live C. lively D. alive
*$. (. eat 3. swallow C. e4ist D. feed
)I. $hoose the best answers to co"plete the following sentences
*. Tom and &ary never came to class late. ..................................
(. !o did we 3. 5either did we C. We did either D.
.either we did
#. I remember ....................to =anoi when I was a very small child.
(. taking 3. to take C. to be taken D. being taken
-. =elen asked me ......................the film called D!tar WarsE.
(. if - had seen 3. have I seen C. have you seen D. if had I seen
1. (t first I found ......................to get used to .....................on the other side of the
road.
(. it difficult - drive 3. difficult - drive
C. it difficult 7 driving D. difficult- driving
2. =ad we known your new address, we .................to see you.
(. would have come 3. will come C. would come D. came
5. I don/t believe a word she said> I think he Cust made.......................that story.
(. out 3. up C. off D. down
8. !he warned me........................
(. to not do it 3. I should do it C. about to do it D. not to do it
9. .................had they recovered from the first earth;uake when they felt the second
tremor.
(. /carely 3. .ever C. .o sooner D. Hust
:. Hason/s professor had him.................his thesis many times before allowing him to
present it to the committee.
(. rewrites 3. rewriting C. rewrite D. to rewrite
*$. The problems .......last year caused to the committee members to table the
proposal temporarily.
(. were discovered 3. which was discovered C. that discovered D.
discovered
)II. *i#e the correct tense of the #erbs in brackets:
Hane F*. 0oinG. ..............our firm twelve years ago. !he had worked for the
previous seven years with an advertising company and F#. ac8uireG....................much
useful e4perience. ,or the first eight years with us, she F-. workG..................in the
!ales Department, and F1. workG...................there when I became a &anaging
Director. !ince then she F2. workG................as my personal assistant, and
F5.proveG.........................herself to be outstandingly capable on many occasions. !he
F8.workG ..................... on the top floor, in an office ne4t to mine, but at the moment
she F9.workG.......................in 'ondon on a special assignment.
!ey
". 0oined #. had ac8uired
$. worked9 was working %. was working
&. has been working9has worked '. has proved
(. works ). is working
)III. +istake identification: (ind the one "istake , %-.-$ or /0 in each
sentence.
*. HohnIs wisdom teeth were troubling him, so he went to a dental surgeon to see
about having
( 3
them pull.
C D FpulledG
#. :any of the early work of T.!. liot e4presses the anguish and barrenness of
modern life and the
( FmuchG 3 C
isolation of the individual.
D
-. (n increasing number of office works use computer programs as daily routine.
( 3 C FworkersG D
1. (mong the worldIs 11 richest countries, there has been not war since *:12.
( 3 C C FnoG
2. .ew universities are being establish at a slower rate nowadays due to the lack of
federal and
( 3FestablishedG C D
state funds.
5. (s you come to each town, however small, you will see a sign which states the
name of the town
( 3 C
and how many inhabitants does it h a ve .
D Fit hasG
8. @raphology, the science of handwriting analysis, has interested people as far back
as the #nd
( 3 C Fhad interestedG
D
century.
I1. Phonetics
%. $hoose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differentl! fro"
others in each group.
*.a. effective b. eradicate c. expend d.
ethnic
#.a. development b. consumption c. psychology d.
prepare
-.a. doubt b. tomb c. reasonable d.
debt
1.a. honorable b. honesty c. heir d.
historic
2.a. private b. illiterate c. educate d.
accurate
.. tress: $hoose the word whose "ain stress is different for" others in
each group.
*G (. feeling 3. believe C. ready D. easy
#G (. ac8uaintance 3. interest C. capable D. sympathy
-G (. e4perience 3. embarrass C. floppy D. embrace
1G (. idol 3. video C. birthday D. imagine
2G (. cotton 3. happen C. extreme D.
;uickly
1. 2riting
&he world is e3periencing a dra"atic increase in population. &his is causing
proble"s not onl! for poor- de#eloping countries- but also for industriali4ed
and de#eloped nations
Describe some of the problems that over population causes and suggest at least one
possible solution. F0ou should write from #$$ to #2$ wordsG
Reference
In most countries of the world the population is increasing alarmingly. This is
especially true in poor, developing and even in developed countries. )verpopulation
causes a considerable number of problems
In poor countries, it is difficult to provide enough food to feed even the present
number of people. In addition, education to limit the number of children per family is
not always successful. <oorer countries usually have a lot of unemployment too, and
an increase in population simply makes the situation worse. The environment also
suffers when there are too many people living on the land.
In rich, industriali"ed and developing countries it is very difficult for governments
to provide effective public services in overcrowded cities. &oreover, there is usually a
great deal more crime which is often due to high rates of unemployment. ,urther large
increases in population only cause more overcrowding unemployment and crime.
There are two main solutions to the overpopulation problem. ,irstly, every
woman who is pregnant but who does not want to give birth should be allowed by law
to have an abortion. !econdly, governments must educate people to limit the si"e of
the family.
To sum up, if the population e4plosion continues, many more people will die of
starvation in poor countries, and life in the cities, even in rich nations, will become
increasingly difficult F##* wordsG