MODERN HIP EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION

Citation Information
Archives.gov. Featured Document: The Emancipation
Proclamation. In-text: (Archives.gov, 2014) Bibliography:
Archives.gov, (2014). Featured Document: The Emancipation
Proclamation. [online] Available at:
http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured_documents/em
ancipation_proclamation/ [Accessed 9 May. 2014].
As America approached its third year of Civil War President Abraham Lincoln issued the
Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863
It declared all persons held as slaves in the religious states free
The Proclamation was limited in its effectiveness, leaving the act of slavery untouched in
loyal border states
The Proclamation was conditional to a certain extent with the freedom it promised only
ensured by Union military victory
The Emancipation Proclamation did not eliminate slavery altogether within the United
states however, it revolutionised thinking and the nature of the civil war
It facilitated black men to join the Union Army and Navy enabling the liberated to
become liberators
The Proclamation added moral force to the Union both politically and militarily
It assumed a place among the great documents of human freedom
In-text: (Pbs.org, 2014) Bibliography: Pbs.org, (2014). The
Rise and Fall of Jim Crow. Jim Crow Stories. The
Emancipation Proclamation | PBS. [online] Available at:
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_emancip
ate.html [Accessed 13 Jun. 2014].

President Abraham Lincoln was harried by the Radical Republicans to abolish slavery by
proclamation
President Abraham Lincoln was indifferent "my paramount object is to save the
Union, and not either to save or destroy slavery"
He knew that if he decreed emancipation at the beginning of the war, Missouri,
Kentucky, and probably Maryland, all of which technically remained on the Union side,
would have joined the South.
As conditions for the Union worsened and their likely-hood of victory was bleak, Lincoln
grew willing to issue an Emancipation Proclamation stating that it would be the central
act of my administration, and the greatest event of the 19
th
century
The key paragraph of the preliminary Proclamation read: "That on the 1st day of
January, A.D. 1863, all persons held as slaves within any State or designated part of a
State the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States shall be
then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the executive government of the United
States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the
freedom of such persons and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of
them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom. ploy to entisce the
confederate states to join the union
The proclamation did not apply to the border states, which were not in rebellion against
the Union, and it could not be enforced in the regions held by Confederate troops.
Critics claimed that the Proclamation ended slavery in areas where it did not exist and
was unable to end slavery in areas where it existed.
Overtime, the Proclamation proved effective as Northern armies penetrated deeper into
the South, freeing those who had been enslaved.
In-text: (Wormser, n.d.)
Bibliography: Wormser, R. (n.d.). The Rise and Fall of Jim
Crow. Jim Crow Stories. The Ku Klux Klan | PBS. [online]
Pbs.org. Available at:
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/stories_events_kkk.html
[Accessed 14 Jun. 2014].
The Ku Klux Klan was originally organized in the winter of 1865-66 in Pulaski, Tennessee
as a social club by six Confederate veterans
The formation of the Ku Klux Klan and subsequent violence against blacks led one
victim to state; "we have very dark days here. The colored people are in despair.
The rebels boast that the Negroes shall not have as much liberty now as they had
under slavery. If things go on thus, our doom is sealed. God knows it is worse than
slavery."
In-text: (Glencoe.com, n.d.)
Bibliography: Glencoe.com, (n.d.). Analyzing Black Codes
The Emancipation Proclamation issued by Abraham Lincoln only freed enslaved person
and Jim Crow Laws. [online] Available at:
http://www.glencoe.com/vaessentials/tav/solswoa/pdf/TA
V%20VUS.1i_Student.pdf [Accessed 14 Jun. 2014].
in those states, which were in rebellion. As a result many states were unscathed by the
decree thus, engendering the need for the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment. It
freed slaves everywhere in the United States.
In response to the Thirteenth Amendment, southern states sought to control formerly
enslaved African Americans by enforcing laws known as black codes.
They were designed for two main reasons:
1. To ease white Southerners fears that formerly enslaved persons, now freed,
would seek retaliation for their slavery.
2. To ensure a continued supply of cheap labour reduced African Americans to
legal servitude
In a bid to end black codes such amendments as the Fourteenth and Fifteenth, passed
in 1866 and 1869 respectively, sought to give formerly enslaved African Americans the
same due process.
In response, legislatures in the former confederate states passed new laws known as Jim
Crow Laws as a means of sustain racial discrimination against African Americans.
In-text: (Franklin, 1963)
Bibliography: Franklin, J. (1963). Emancipation
Proclamation. Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, [online] 6th
Edition. Available at:
http://web.b.ebscohost.com/hrc/detail?vid=5&sid=55837fa
8-c776-4703-8c7e-
967e69da8386%40sessionmgr110&hid=114&bdata=JnNpdG
U9aHJjLWxpdmU%3d#db=khh&AN=39004893 [Accessed 15
Jun. 2014].
August 22 1862, "if I could save the Union without freeing any slave, I would do it; and if I
could save it by freeing all the slaves, I would do it; and if I could do it by freeing some
and leaving others alone, I would also do that." many historians indicate the
ineffectiveness of the proclamation in achieving total abolition of slavery was
engendered in President Abraham Lincolns lax attitude.
Abraham Lincoln announced the preliminary proclamation which stated that on Jan 1
1863 emancipation to all enslaved persons would become effective in those states that
continued to pursue rebellion Could use quote from source
"as a fit and necessary war measure for suppressing said rebellion."
The proclamation did not reflect Abraham Lincolns preferred method of approaching
the issue of emancipating enslaved persons
The Emancipation Proclamation was chiefly a declaration of policy
At home it was duly hailed by the radical abolitionists, but it cost Lincoln the support of
many conservatives and undoubtedly figured in the Republican setback in the
congressional elections of 1862. This was more than offset by the boost it gave the Union
abroad, where, on the whole, it was warmly received; in combination with subsequent
Union victories, it ended all hopes of the Confederacy for recognition from Britain and
France. Doubts as to its constitutionality were later removed by the adoption of the
Thirteenth Amendment.
In-text: (Administration of Barack Obama 2012, 2012)
Bibliography: Administration of Barack Obama 2012, (2012).
Proclamation 8923150th Anniversary of the Emancipation
Proclamation. America: Daily Compilation of Presidential
Documents and the Federal Register.
President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamationcourageously
declaring that on January 1, 1863, "all persons held as slaves" in rebellious areas "shall
be then, thenceforward, and forever free." He opened the Union Army and Navy to
African Americans, giving new strength to liberty's cause. And with that document,
President Lincoln lent new moral force to the war by making it a fight not just to
preserve, but also to empower. He sought to reunite our people not only in government,
but also in freedom that knew no bounds of color or creed. Every battle became a battle
for liberty itself. Every struggle became a struggle for equality.
In-text: (Armentrout and Armentrout, 2004)
Bibliography: Armentrout, D. and Armentrout, P. (2004). The
Emancipation Proclamation. 1st ed. Vero Beach, Fla.: Rourke
Pub.
Lincoln's proclamation changed the course of the Civil War in many people's minds. It
was also the beginning of the end of slavery in the United States.
Abolitionists were angry because the proclamation did not include slaves in the Border
States. Many people wanted Lincoln to take back the proclamation.
In-text: (McCurry, 2013)
Bibliography: McCurry, S. (2013). Emancipation Jolts a Slave
and her Mistress. America's Civil War, [online] 26(2), p.30.
Available at:
It is often said that the proclamation had no immediate meaning: It freed slaves in the
seceded states -- where the U.S. government had no authority -- and exempted those in
border states and parts of the Confederacy under Union control on January 1, 1863.
http://web.b.ebscohost.com/hrc/detail?sid=2f4f4098-cfeb-
4498-9a3f-
0e7ef35f8a7b%40sessionmgr114&vid=1&hid=114&bdata=J
nNpdGU9aHJjLWxpdmU%3d#db=khh&AN=85588800
[Accessed 15 Jun. 2014]
As Richard Henry Dana wrote at the time, the proclamation amounted to "Slavery where
we can emancipate and freedom where we cannot."
In-text: (Black Codes, 2014)
Bibliography: Black Codes. (2014). In: Columbia Electronic
Encyclopedia, 6th ed.
Although the codes granted certain basic civil rights to blacks (the right to marry, to own
personal property, and to sue in court), they also provided for the segregation of public
facilities and placed severe restrictions on the freedman's status as a free laborer, his
right to own real estate, and his right to testify in court.
Viewed by the North as the Souths attempt to re-enslave African Americans
In-text: (Foner and Garraty, 1991)
Bibliography: Foner, E. and Garraty, J. (1991). The Reader's
companion to American history. 1st ed. Boston: Houghton-
Mifflin.
Southern laws called Black Codes were passed in the aftermath of emancipation in order
to control the newly freed black labor force.
Their provisions varied from state to state, but typically they stipulated that freed
people could rent land only in rural areas a means of keeping them on the
plantations.
In-text: (Flash Focus: Equal Rights Under Law, 2005)
Bibliography: Flash Focus: Equal Rights Under Law. (2005).
6th ed. p.53.
The first Ku Klux Klan emerged as a social protest to the Emancipation Proclamation
It was founded in Pulaski Tennessee in 1866 by Confederate General Nathan Bedford
Forrest
The post-Civil War Klan was a response to the freeing of slaves and efforts by the
victorious Union to reconstruct Southern society.
Some whites, feeling locked out of power, turned to underground Klan activities to try to
demonstrate to liberated slaves that whites were still capable of inflicting punishment on
African Americans who tried to exercise their new legal rights.
Joe M. Richardson, The Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 47, These laws were products of the baneful heritage of slavery which rooted in the
No. 4 (Apr., 1969), pp. 365-379
Published by: Florida Historical Society
Article Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30140241
southern mind false ideas of the Negro, including biological inferiority and innate
criminality.
Black codes stimulated protest in the North of America they warned that the Souths
failure to secure complete protection of the newly freed men would result in continued
military intervention
Though Floridians were forced to accept emancipation many could conceive of negroes
as little more than subordinate labourers. Many planters hoped to keep the freedmen on
the plantations in some form of servitude.
Invisible Empire: The Story of the Ku Klux Klan, 1866-1871.
by Stanley F. Horn
Review by: Herbert T. Schuelke
American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 46, No. 3 (Nov., 1940), p.
418
The period following the Emancipation Proclamation is described as been one riddled
with the utmost political corruption
Ku Klux Klan emerged as during the social unrest that existed in the period around 1866
Began as a social and benevolent organisation became a self-conferred police power, a
vigilante
Jamal Greene, Columbia Law Review, Vol. 112, No. 7,
Symposium: The Thirteenth Amendment: Meaning,
Enforcement, and Contemporary Implications (NOVEMBER
2012), pp. 1733-1768
The Thirteenth Amendment Optimism outlines the line of thinking that it legally
prohibits any practice that one opposes however, potently highlights the prohibition of
slavery or involuntary servitude.
Rebecca E. Zietlow, Columbia Law Review, Vol. 112, No. 7,
Symposium: The Thirteenth Amendment: Meaning,
Enforcement, and Contemporary Implications (NOVEMBER
2012), pp. 1697-1731
The Thirteenth Amendment not only ended slavery but also established fundamental
human rights for freed slaves.
James Ashley discusses the theory that the Thirteenth Amendment dismantled the
institution of racial and class subordination
James Ashley believed that the Thirteenth Amendment would create a more egalitarian
society
Scholars place value on the Thirteenth Amendment as both legislation for workers rights
and racial equality
In-text: (Volck, 1864)
Bibliography: Volck, A. (1864). The Emancipation
Proclamation. [image] Available at:
http://www.loc.gov/item/90710014/ [Accessed 15 Jun.
2014].

In-text: (Dubois, 1998)
Bibliography: Dubois, E. (1998). Constitution and
Amendments: Emancipation Proclamation and Thirteenth
Amendment. Reader's Companion to U.S. Women's History,
p.130.
Thirteenth Amendment constitutionally enshrined emancipation, legal ratified the
abolition of slavery
The Emancipation Proclamation was viewed by many as a military necessity
Thus, it would be easy to read the Emancipation Proclamation as a meaningless act,
"freeing" only those men and women whom the authority of the U.S. government could
not reach.
Freed men and women were unable to secure any monetary compensation for their
generations of uncompensated labor. undefined status of formerly enslaved persons
In many ways, the Emancipation Proclamation in conjunction with the Thirteenth
Amendment intensified the subordinate status of ex-slaves in regards to citizenship and
enfranchisement.