3rdjournal of Phlstat

ISSN 0022-3608
Feature Article: Automobile Industry in the Philippines Feature Article: Automobile Industry in the Philippines
Population & Housing >> Labor & Employment >> Travel & Tourism Population & Housing >> Labor & Employment >> Travel & Tourism
>>Social Welfare & Community Development >>Social Welfare & Community Development
>>Education & Culture >>Health, Nutrition & Vital Statistics >>Education & Culture >>Health, Nutrition & Vital Statistics
>>Defense, Crime & Delinquency >>Defense, Crime & Delinquency
Volume 62 Number 3
Third Quarter 2011

0022-3603
JOURNAL
OF PHILIPPINE
STATISTICS
VOLUME 62 NUMBER 3
THIRD QUARTER 2011

Feature Article

Tourism Industry in the Philippines
Republic of the Philippines
NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE
Manila
A Quarterly Issue

ii

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

HIS EXCELLENCY
PRESIDENT BENIGNO SIMEON C. AQUINO III

NATIONAL STATISTICS OFFICE

CARMELITA N. ERICTA
Administrator

PAULA MONINA G. COLLADO
Deputy Administrator

ISSN 0022-3603

PREFACE
The Journal of Philippine Statistics (JPS) is a quarterly publication of the National
Statistics Office (NSO). It furnishes data users with statistical information on the
socioeconomic development of the country in accordance with NSOs mission of providing
timely, accurate, and reliable information as bases for plans, policies and decisions, and as
inputs to academic pursuits, researches, and development projects.

The statistical series contained in this publication are updated for continuity and for
comparative analysis whenever possible. Tabular data usually cover two or more periods for
maximum comparability.

This issue presents the latest available statistics on population and housing; labor and
employment; travel and tourism; social welfare, and community development; education and
culture; health, nutrition and vital statistics; and defense, crime and delinquency.

Featured in this issue is a profile of the tourism industry in the Philippines. Tourism is a
major economic contributor to the Philippine economy. It is recognized by the government as
an important contributor to the generation of foreign exchange earnings, investments,
revenue, employment and to the growth of the countrys output. The inclusion of tourism as a
major pillar in the Medium Term Philippine Development Plan (MTPDP) has given priority to
the tourism sector by promoting the Philippines as a premier tourist destination and
investment site.

Most of the statistics shown here were taken from surveys and censuses conducted by
the NSO and other offices, as well as from administrative forms or records compiled by
various agencies. Acknowledgment, therefore, is extended to all secondary data sources
without whose cooperation and support, the consolidation of information and the publication
of this journal would not have been possible.

Manila, Philippines
September 2011

C O N T E N T S
Page
Preface... iii
Contents... v
Statistical Tables... vii
Feature Article
Tourism Industry in the Philippines .... . 1
Section I - POPULATION AND HOUSING 21
Davao City's Population Increases by 219 Thousand
(Results From the 2007 Census of Population) .. 21
`
Private Building Construction Statistics
First Quarter 2011 (Preliminary Results) .... 24
Section II - LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT .. 38
Labor Force Survey: April 2011 ...... 38
Labor Relations and Concerns .. 42
Section III - TRAVEL AND TOURISM .. 55
Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines
Third Quarter 2011 ..... 55
Hotel Accommodations and Visitors' Average Length
of Stay: Third Quarter 2011 ...... 58
Section IV - SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT . 66
Welfare Benefits and Services
Second Quarter 2011 66
Section V - EDUCATION AND CULTURE .. 76
Education Indicators: Academic Years 2006-2007
and 2007-2008 . 76
Promotion of Culture and Arts .. 78
CONTENTS - Concluded
Page
Section VI - HEALTH, NUTRITION AND VITAL STATISTICS . 85
Health and Vital Indicators 2011 85
Food and Nutrition Security: A Brief Assesment 86
Section VII - DEFENSE, CRIME AND DELINQUENCY .. 95
Crime Indicators: Third Quarter 2011 95
Human Rights Violation Cases: 2010-2011 .......................... 97
S T A T I S T I C A L T A B L E S
Page
Feature Article
Statistics on Filipino Children
1 Tourism direct gross value added growth rates
2009-2010 to 2010-2011 . 8
2 Gross value added of tourism industries (GVATI)
In Million PhP: 2000-2011 ............ 9
Gross value added of tourism industries (GVATI)
Growth Rates: 2000-2001 to 2010-2011 10
Gross value added of tourism industries (GVATI)
Percent Share: 2000-2011 ...... 11
3 Total Employment in the Philippines and Employment
in Tourism Industries: 2001-2011 (In thousand persons) .. 12
3.1 Total Employment in the Philippines and Employment
in Tourism Industries: 2001-2011 (In thousand persons)
Growth Rates (%) .. 13
4 Number of Foreign Tourist Arrivals: 1996-2012 ..... 15
5 Visitor Arrivals by Subcontinent of Residences: 1996-2011 16
6 Average Number of Rooms and Occupancy Rates
of Hotels in Metro Manila by Hotel Category: 1988-2010 . 18
7 Top 25 International Visitors: 2009-2012 ........... 20
Section I - POPULATION AND HOUSING
1.1 Total population, household population and number
of households of top 10 barangays: 2007 29
1.2 Household population by age group and sex
and sex ratio by age group: 2007 . 29
1.3 Household population 10 years old and over
by marital status and sex: 2007 . 30
1.4 Household population five years old and over by highest
educational attainment and sex: 2007 .. 30
1.5 Household population five to 24 years old who
were attending school by sex and age group: 2007 31
1.6 Occupied housing units by construction materials
of the roof and outer walls: 2007 31
'2.1
'2.2
STATISTICAL TABLES - Continued
Page
1.7 Number, floor area, and value of building
construction by type of building and by region
First Quarter 2011 .. 33
1.8 Number of new residential building construction started
floor area and value of construction by type of building
and by region: First Quarter 2011 . 34
1.9 Number of new non-residential building construction
started, floor area and value of construction
by type of building and by region
1.10 Number of new commercial building construction
First Quarter 2011 . 36
1.11 Number of new industrial building construction
Section II - LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT
2.1 Comparative labor statistics
April 2010 and April 2011 .. 45
2.2 Employed persons by industry, occupation
class of worker and hours worked: April 2011 ... 46
2.3 Underemployed persons by hours worked
and industry and unemployed persons by age group
sex and highest grade completed
April 2010 and April 2011 47
2.4 Rates of labor force participation, employment
unemployment and underemployment by region
April 2011 .. 49
2.5 Strike and lockout notices and actual strikes
and lockouts: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011 .. 50
2.6 Strike and lockout notices, actual strikes
and lockouts and preventive mediation cases
by region: January to June 2011 ..... 51
2.7 Preventive mediation cases and voluntary
arbitration cases: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011 ...... 53
STATISTICAL TABLES - Continued
Page
2.8 Original and appealed mediation-arbitration cases
and money claims: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011 . 54
Section III - TRAVEL AND TOURISM
3.1 Visitor arrivals by country of residence
Third Quarter 2010 and 2011 .. 60
3.2 Visitor arrivals by country of residence
September 2010 and 2011 ... 62
3.3 Top ten travel markets
Third Quarter 2010 and 2011 ..... 65
3.4 Average occupancy rates of hotels in Metro Manila
by classification: Third Quarter 2010 and 2011 ... 65
Section IV - SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
4.1 Number of disadvantaged children served
by program/project service by sex and by region
Second Quarter 2010 and 2011 ... 71
4.2 Number of youth served by program/project/service
by sex and by region: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011.. 72
4.3 Number of women served by program/project/service
and by region: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011.. 73
4.4 Number of persons with disabilities (PWDs) served
by program/project/service, by sex and by region
Second Quarter 2010 and 2011... 74
4.5 Number of senior citizens (SCs) served
by program/project service by sex and by region:
Second Quarter 2010 and 2011 . 75
Section V - EDUCATION AND CULTURE
5.1 Net participation rate in public and private elementary
schools by region: Academic Years 2006-2007
and 2007-2008 . 83
5.2 Net participation rate in public and private secondary
and 2007-2008 . 83
5.3 Cohort survival rate in public and private elementary
and 2007-2008 84
STATISTICAL TABLES - Concluded
Page
5.4 Cohort survival rate in public and private secondary
and 2007-2008 84
Section VI - HEALTH, NUTRITION, AND VITAL STATISTICS
6.1 Trends in per capita consumption of food groups (in grams)
by urban-rural residence: 1987 and 1993 93
6.2 Underweight for age 0-5 years old and 6-10 years old:
1993, 1996, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2011 93
6.3 Percentage of underweight children below 5 years old
Southeast Asia: 2003 94
6.4 Rice self-sufficiency and import dependency ratio(%)
2007-2010 94
Section VII - DEFENSE, CRIME, AND DELINQUENCY
7.1 Total crime volume and efficiency rate by region
Third Quarter 2010 and 2011 .... 99
7.2 Index and non-index crimes by region
7.3 Crimes against persons by region
7.4 Crimes against property by region
7.5 Incidence of alleged human rights violations by region
2010-2011 102
1
Feature Article

Tourism Industry in the Philippines

Mt. Mayon, Daraga, Albay

Introduction

Tourism is a powerful force in the
socio-economic development of many
countries, both mature industrial
economies and developing economies.
For more than half of the 178 nations
represented in the United Nations,
tourism is either the first or the second
largest business. According to the RP-
US Foreign Trade Agreement (May 5,
2008) 760 million tourists spend US$800
billion annually, and that tourism
contributes approximately 15.0 percent
to total global GDP and has created 250
million jobs worldwide. France has the
worlds largest tourist market, followed by
the United States of America (USA). In
the USA, tourism is the largest service
industry, employing more than six million
people and constituting slightly more
than 6.0 percent of GNP. Among
European countries, Spain, Italy, Austria,
Hungary, Britain, Germany, and
Switzerland are considered significant
tourist markets. For Caribbean nations,
tourism accounts for more than 70.0
percent of jobs and income. Even in
countries that have security problems,
tourist arrivals continue to increase, say
in Egypt where a gunman opened fire on
tourists, thus causing an abrupt decline in
arrivals, but which eventually recovered.

In the ASEAN region, visitor arrivals
grew at an annual average of 7.6 percent
from 1991 to 1999. The Asia Pacific region
has become the fastest growing region in
the world for international tourism. The
World Tourism Organization (WTO)
projected substantial growth in the region
until 2010.

The Philippines has timeless
competitive advantages. It is near North
Asia, which is composed of the rich
sources of tourists: China, Taiwan, Japan,
South Korea, and Hong Kong. The country
has world-class natural attractions, like the
world-famous Boracay beaches and Taal
Lake.

The Philippines, being an
archipelagic country composed of 7,107
islands, offers a rich biodiversity with its
tropical rainforests, mountains, beaches,
coral reefs, islands, and diverse range of
flora and fauna, makes it as one of the of
the most sought-after tourist attractions in
the world.
Tourism in the Philippines is a
major economic contributor to the
Philippine economy. The tourism industry
is recognized by the government as an
important contributor to the generation of
foreign exchange earnings, investments,
revenue, employment, and to the growth of
the countrys output. The inclusion of
tourism as a major pillar in the Medium
Term Philippine Development Plan
(MTPDP) has given priority to the tourism
sector by promoting the Philippines as a
premier tourist destination and investment
site. If developed in a sustainable manner,
2 JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS

indeed it can be a powerful economic
growth engine for the country.
The opportunities that tourism
presents encourage entrepreneurship
and stimulate business. Tourism-related
industries spawn or give impetus to other
industries. Hotels, restaurants, and
shops spur the construction industry;
restaurants create demand for farm
products and agricultural produce; and
souvenir shops and retail establishments
in the area promote the handicraft
industry. The resultant expansion or
improvement in infrastructure such as
roads, airports, seaports, transportation
systems, and in a cleaner environment
bring in foreign investments in the form of
more and better resorts and support
amenities like hotels, restaurants, and
entertainment establishments.

Tourism is a key element of the
Philippine economy. According to the
World Tourism Organization, its
contribution to the Gross National
Product(GNP) averages 8.8 percent. It
brings in the much-needed foreign
exchange into the country. The Philippine
Chamber of Commerce and Industry
(PCCI) highlights tourism as key industry
for the countrys economic development.
As such, it is coordinating the private
sectors initiative and the government
program to leapfrog the growth of the
tourism industry.

A recent assessment of the
tourism industry in the country led to
revelation that the Philippines is yet to
fulfill its considerable potential and
establish itself as a premier tourist
destination in Asia, taking advantage of
the increasing development of the Asia
Pacific region into one of the worlds
fastest growing tourist regions.

Several factors hamper the
growth of tourism. These are:

Domestic political uncertainty in the
country

Constant threat of insurgency in
areas with natural attractions

Inadequacy of accommodations
with standards of quality befitting
foreign tourists

Absence of a culture of tourism

Lack of transportation systems to
move efficiently and comfortably,
and at lower cost, large numbers of
tourists to other attractions outside
Luzon, and from one destination to
another
Lack of secondary attractions
around primary destination

The basic product is uncompetitive
infrastructure being below par those found
in other parts of the region. Amount and
quality of accommodations, access to the
destinations, level of security, quality of
environment, and number
accommodations, access to the
destinations, level of security, quality of
environment, and number of activities
offered compared competing destinations
in the region are inferior.

While the cultural festivities are
held in urban centers, they are terribly
lacking in support facilities to
accommodate and service large numbers
of observers from abroad. Baguio is
stiflingly overcrowded during the flower
festival, so is Cebu City during the Sinulog.

The natural attractions of the
country can compare with the best in the
region and some, like the beaches, are
even superior to their counterparts in other
countries. However, there are no other
worthy attractions near these main
destinations that are accessible by a trip
not longer than two hours by land or sea
transportation. They are distant from each
TOURISM INDUSTRY IN THE PHILIPPINES 3

other and are hardly accessible. Visiting
two or three destinations could be
expensive and time consuming. One has
to fly back to Manila to go to another
destination, as there are no connecting
flights between these tourist attractions.
Inaccessibility is at the heart of Philippine
tourism destinations competitive
disadvantage. Except for a cluster of
beach resorts in Palawan and the Bohol-
Cebu complex, major places of interest
are far from each other, making a tour of
them costly, not to mention that it would
take up a disproportionate amount of
time. The world famous Boracay requires
transportation by air, land, and sea to
reach it. To go to Siargao, supposed to
be the surfing capital of the world, a
tourist has to fly, get a connecting flight,
then take a two-and-a-half hour bus ride
over rough and lonely roads. Camiguin,
reputed to be the most beautiful island in
the country, with its pristine water and
imposing volcano, can be reached by
flying to Cagayan de Oro, then taking a
two-hour bus ride, and finally taking a
ferry ride. Only two flights a week go to
Pagudpud, which is still a one-hour drive
from the Laoag Airport. It is eight to ten
hours away from Manila by bus. To see
the Banaue Rice Terraces, one has to
travel long distance and on dangerous
roads over steep terrain.

Source: DLSU-AKI Working Paper 2008-2009

Concepts and Definition of Terms
Tourism - refers to activities of
foreign and domestic visitors traveling to
and staying in places outside their usual
environment for not more than one
continuous year for leisure, business and
other purposes not related to
employment with pay from within the
place visited. Traveling for the purpose of
conducting businesses, for education
and training, etc., can also be part of
tourism.

Tourism activities -encompass all
that foreign and domestic visitors do for a
trip or while on a trip. It is not restricted to
what could be considered as "typical"
tourism activities such as sightseeing,
sunbathing, visiting site, etc. From an
economic point of view, the basic activity of
foreign and domestic visitors is
consumption, that is, the acquisition of
consumption goods and services to satisfy
individual or collective needs and wants

Tourist/visitor - a person traveling
to a place, that is his/her not usual
environment for less than 12 months and
whose main purpose of the trip does not
involve economic activity remunerated
within the place visited

Total value added.- sum of value
added per unit over all units. In business,
the difference between the sale price and
the production cost of a product is the unit
profit. In economics, the sum of the unit
profit, the unit depreciation cost, and the
unit labor cost is the unit value added

Analysis of Tables

Tourism industry contributes 5.9
percent to the economy

The National Statistical Board
(NSCB), in its Philippine Tourism Statistical
Account (PTSA) announced that by the
share of tourism direct gross value added
(TDGVA) to total gross domestic product
(GDP), the contribution of tourism industry
to the Philippine economy was 5.9 percent
in 2011. It averaged 5.8 percent during the
years 2000-2010. TDGVA, an indicator
which measures the value added of
different industries in response to activities
of both domestic and inbound visitors,
amounted to PhP 571.3 billion in 2011,
higher by 10.2 percent than in the previous
year.

Among the tourism-characteristic
industries, shopping had the biggest share

to TDGVA at 22.9 percent, followed by
accommodation at 11.2 percent, and
entertainment and recreation at 6.8
percent (Tables 1 and 2).

Other key results from PTSA
include the following:

Inbound tourism expenditure,
which refers to the expenditure of
non-resident visitors (foreign
visitors and Philippine passport
holders permanently residing
abroad) within the Philippines,
continued to increase as it posted
double-digit growth of 13.9
percent in 2011, amounting to
PhP 124.5 billion from PhP 109.2
billion in 2010.

Shopping, food and beverage,
and accommodation topped the
list of consumption products
among inbound tourists, with 28.5
percent, 25.6 percent and 24.5
percent shares to the total
expenditure, respectively.

Domestic tourism expenditure,
which includes expenditure of
resident Visitors within the
country either as domestic trip or
part of international trip, grew
largely by 27.1 percent, from PhP
783.4 billion to PhP 995.7 billion.

Share of tourism employment to
total employment in the country
slightly increased at 10.3 percent
from the previous years 10.2
percent. Employment in tourism
industries was estimated at 3.8
million in 2011, higher by 3.5
percent from last years 3.7
million (Table 3).

More tourist arrivals in the 1970s but
declines in 1980s

The Philippine tourism industry
flourished in the 1970s and early 1980s
but declined in the mid 1980s, with the
average length of tourist stay falling from
12.6 days in earlier years to 8.9 days in
1988.

Least number of tourists in 1987

In 1987, tourism growth was slower
in the Philippines than in other Southeast
Asian countries

Biggest number of tourists in 1992

About 1.2 million tourists visited the
Philippines in 1992, which was a record
high in the number of tourist visits since
1989.

Tourist arrivals peak in 2000

In 2000, the Philippines' tourist
arrivals totaled 2.2 million. In 2003, it
totaled 2,838,000, a growth of almost 29.0
percent, and was expected to grow
as much as 3.4 million in 2007. In the first
quarter of 2007, the tourist arrival in the
Philippines grew as much as 20.0 percent
in the same period in 2006. In 2011, the
Department of Tourism recorded 3.9
million tourists visiting the country, 11.2
percent higher than the 3.5 million
registered in 2010. In 2012, the Philippines
recorded 4.27 million tourist arrivals, after
the Department of Tourism launched a
widely publicized tourism marketing
campaign called "It's More Fun In the
Philippines". The tourism campaign was
launched domestically first before being
promoted globally (Table 4)

Survey covers four tourism
characteristic industries

The National Statistics Office
(NSO) conducted the first-ever 2009
Survey of Tourism Establishments in the
Philippines (STEP). This survey collected
information on the available supply of
tourism goods, products and services
which are valuable inputs in the

FIGURE 1 Percentage Distribution
of Other Tourism Activities
Establisments for All Employment Sizes
by Industry Sub-Class: 2009
Other
amusement
and
recreational
activities
52.6%
Sporting activities
17.8%
Foreign exchange
dealing
12.3%
Operation of
amusement parks
and similar
attractions
5.9%
Other tourism
activities
11.4%
compilation of the Philippine Tourism
Satellite Account (PTSA). This is a
nationwide survey of establishments in
the formal sector engaged in tourism
characteristic industries only as defined
by Philippine Tourism Statistical
Classification System (PTSCS). Tourism
characteristic products are goods and
services which would cease to exist in
meaningful quantity or those for which
the level of consumption would be
significantly reduced in the absence of
visitors (e.g. accommodation services).
Activities from which the products were
created are termed as tourism
characteristic industries..
The 2009 STEP is a nationwide
survey of establishments in the formal
sector engaged in tourism characteristic
industries only, as well as, health and
wellness industries. Identified industries
for health and wellness are included due
to the increasing demand for statistics on
these activities.
The 2009 STEP covered
completely four tourism characteristic
industries namely:.

o Accommodation
o Restaurant
o Passenger transport
o Transport equipment rental
o Travel agency, tour operator and
tourist guide services
o Recreation, entertainment,
cultural services and similar
activities
o Financial and insurance activities
o Health and wellness

One tenth of other tourism
establishments report a total
employment of twenty
The 2009 STEP covered a total of
2,015 establishments engaged in other
tourism characteristic activities. Of the
total, 237 or 11.8 percent had a total
employment (TE) of 20 and over while
1,778 or 88.2 percent had a TE of less
than 20.

Other amusement and recreational
activities comprise the biggest number
of establishments

By industry, other amusement and
recreational activities, n.e.c. registered the
biggest number of establishments with
1,059 or 52.6 percent of the total. Sporting
activities and foreign exchange dealing
followed next with 359 (17.8%) and 247
(12.3%) establishments respectively.
(Figure 1.

Majority of those employed are males

In 2009, a total of 47,136
employees were employed in other
tourism activities establishments. Majority
(28,792 or 61.1% ) of the employees were
males and 18,342 or 38.9 percent were
females. As to the nationality of the
employees, 47,116 or 99.9 percent were
Filipinos.

FIGURE 2 Percentage Distribution of
Employment for Other Tourism Activities
Establishments for All Employment Sizes
by Industry Sub-class: 2009
Other
amusement
and recreational
activities
60.1%
Sporting activities
14.7%
Pre-need
plan for health
8.2%
Other pre-need
plans
4.9%
Other industries
12.1%

FIGURE 3 Distribution of Total Revenue
and Revenue Generated from Tourist
for Other Tourism Activities Establishments
for All Employment Sizes
62.6
14.7
11.1
4.7
3.6
1.6
0 0 0.3 0.3
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Other
amusement
and
recreation
activities
Other pre-
need plan
for health
Pre-need
plan for
health
Sporting
activities
Other
tourism
activities
Amusement and recreational facilities
employ the most workers

Establishments providing other
amusement and recreational activities,
employed the most number of workers
with 28,332 or 60.1 percent of the total.
Sporting activities ranked second with
6,926 or 14.7 percent, which was
followed by establishments engaged in
pre-need plan for health with 3,863 or 8.2
percent. Percentage distribution of
employment by industry sub-class is
displayed in Figure 2.
Revenue reaches PhP96.7 billion in
2009

The total revenue earned by the
establishments engaged in other
tourism activities in 2009 amounted to
PhP96.7 billion of the total,
establishments providing other
amusement and recreational activities,
generated the highest revenue at
PhP62.6 billion or 64.7 percent. Other pre-
need plans except ranked second with
PhP14.7 billion or 15.2 percent. Pre-need
plan for health followed with PhP11.1
billion or 11.5 percent (Figure 3).

Of the total revenue, PhP2.3 billion
or 2.3 percent were generated from
tourists.

More than half of all other tourism
establishments have rest rooms

Most of the establishments
engaged in other activities, 1024 or 50.8
percent of the total had a rest room or
comfort room. The next most common
facility was for sports/recreational or
amusement with 883 or 43.8 percent
followed by parking space with 790 or
39.2 percent.

Less than two million served in same
establishments

FIGURE 3 Distribution of Total Revenue
and Revenue Generated from Tourist
for Other Tourism Activities Establishments
for All Employment Sizes

FIGURE 4 Number of Establishments and Available Facilities for Other Tourism
Activities Establishments for All Employment Sizes: 2009
50.8
43.8
39.2
25.2
48.7
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Rest rooms /
comfortSports
Recreational /
amusement
Parking space Restaurant / coffee shop Others Available
Facilities

Establishments engaged in other
tourism activities had served around
81.7 million visitors or clients in 2009.
Majority (159.0 million or 87.5%) of the
visitors or clients went to amusement
parks and similar attractions.

The Philippine tourism industry
flourished in the 1970s and early 1980s
but declined in the mid 1980s, with the
average length of tourist stay falling from
12.6 days in earlier years to 8.9 days in
1988. In 1987, tourism growth was
slower in the Philippines than in other
Southeast Asian countries. About 1.2
million tourists visited the Philippines in
1992, which was a record high in the
number of tourist visits since 1989.

In 2000, the Philippines' tourist
arrivals totaled 2.2 million. In 2003, it
totaled 2,838,000, a growth of almost
29%, and was expected to grow as much
as 3.4 million in 2007. In the first quarter
of 2007, the tourist arrival in the
Philippines grew as much as 20% in
same period last year. In 2011, the
Department of Tourism recorded 3.9
million tourists visiting the country, 11.2
percent higher than the 3.5 million
registered in 2010.

In 2012, the Philippines recorded
4.27 million tourist arrivals, after the

Department of Tourism launched a widely
publicized tourism marketing

campaign titled "It's More Fun In the
Philippines". The tourism campaign was
launched domestically first before being
promoted globally.

8
TABLE 1 Tourism Direct Gross Value Added Growth Rates
2009-2010 to 2010-2011
Gross Value Added by Products
Growth Rate (in percent)
2010-2011 2009-2010
Tourism Characteristics Products 12.1 13.9
Accommodation services for visitors 4.7 8.1
Food and beverage serving services 13.8 21.0
Transport services 9.0 7.1
Land transportation services 9.1 2.9
Water transportation services 11.7 6.8
Air transportation services 7.8 27.4
Travel agencies and other reservation services 19.4 10.5
Entertainment and recreation 7.1 32.2
Country-specific tourism characteristics goods shopping 16.8 10.8
Miscellaneous 8.5 9.6
Financial and insurance activities 9.9 14.3
Health and wellness 7.9 7.5
Other products 7.5 11.7
Total Direct Gross Value Added (TDGVA) 10.2 13.0
JOURNAL OF PHILIPPINE STATISTICS
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board
9
TABLE 2 Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI)
In Million PhP: 2000-2011
Industry
In Million PhP
2000 2001 2002 2003
Tourism Characteristics Industries 340,860 383,863 413,078 438,910
Accommodation services for visitors 31,180 33,978 36,206 38,438
Food and Beverage serving services 45,171 49,224 50,520 48,070
Transport Services 102,675 123,266 133,699 142,888
Travel agencies and other reservation service 11,668 12,509 14,006 15,689
Entertainment and Recreation 28,408 31,186 34,689 38,884
Country-specific tourism characteristic goods-shopping 42,695 47,039 50,547 54,505
Miscellaneous 79,063 86,661 93,411 100,436
In Million PhP
2004 2005 2006 2007
Miscellaneous 110,189 121,790 132,464 144,432
In Million PhP
2008 2009 2010 2011
Miscellaneous 157,888 170,819 190,764 205,059
TOURISM INDUSTRY IN THE PHILIPPINES
Source: National Statistical Coordination Board (NSCB)
10
TABLE 2.1 Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI)
Growth Rates: 2000-2001 to 2010-2011
Industry
Growth Rates
2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04
Tourism Characteristics Industries 12.6 7.6 6.3 15.9
Accommodation services for visitors 9.0 6.6 6.2 17.6
Food and Beverage serving services 9.0 2.6 -4.9 15.8
Transport Services 20.1 8.5 6.9 22.9
Travel agencies and other reservation service 7.2 12.0 12.0 9.8
Entertainment and Recreation 9.8 11.2 12.1 15.6
Country-specific tourism characteristic goods-shopping 10.2 7.8 7.8 9.9
Miscellaneous 9.6 7.5 7.5 9.7
Growth Rates
2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
Tourism Characteristics Industries 9.8 7.7 9.7 7.8
Accommodation services for visitors 5.1 12.4 15.2 -1.3
Food and Beverage serving services 12.4 3.1 7.2 12.6
Miscellaneous 10.5 8.8 9.0 9.3
Growth Rates
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Tourism Characteristics Industries 5.3 14.6 10.3
Accommodation services for visitors -7.0 8.1 4.7
Food and Beverage serving services 11.4 21.0 13.8
Transport Services 1.6 12.4 9.5
Travel agencies and other reservation service -2.0 10.5 19.4
Entertainment and Recreation 14.3 32.2 7.1
Country-specific tourism characteristic goods-shopping 7.5 10.8 16.8
Miscellaneous 8.2 11.7 7.5
11
TABLE 2.2 Gross Value Added of Tourism Industries (GVATI)
Percent Share: 2000-2011
Industry
Percent Share
2000 2001 2002 2003
Tourism Characteristics Industries
Miscellaneous 23.2 22.6 22.6 22.9
TOTAL GVATI 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Percent Shares
2004 2005 2006 2007
Miscellaneous 21.8 21.8 22.0 21.9
TOTAL GVATI 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
Percent Shares
2008 2009 2010 2011
Miscellaneous 22.2 22.8 22.2 21.7
TOTAL GVATI 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
12
TABLE 3 Total Employment in the Philippines and Employment
in Tourism Industries: 20012011 (In thousand persons)
2001 2002 2003 2004
Total Employment in the Philippines 29,154 30,062 30,627 31,611
Tourism Characteristic Industries 2,724 2,799 2,940 3,077
Hotels and similar 76 79 86 92
Restaurants and similar 592 614 665 714
Passenger transport 1,157 1,181 1,262 1,326
Travel agents, tour operators and tourism guides 124 126 127 137
Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 245 250 265 278
Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 205 219 219 229
Miscellaneous 325 330 318 301
Share to Total Employment (in percent) 9.3 9.3 9.6 9.7
WTTC Estimates 3,196 3,155 3,023 3,333
% share 11.0 10.5 9.9 10.5
2005 2006 2007 2008
Total Employment in the Philippines 32,312 32,962 33,564 34,089
Tourism Characteristic Industries 3,136 3,217 3,359 3,415
Hotels and similar 98 101 103 109
Restaurants and similar 763 785 804 845
Passenger transport 1,339 1,356 1,419 1,415
Travel agents, tour operators and tourism guides 142 163 172 177
Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 258 267 310 309
Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 240 245 248 252
Share to Total Employment (in percent) 9.8 10.0 10.0 10.0
WTTC Estimates 4,955 5,021 5,065 4,717
% share 15.3 15.2 15.1 13.8
continued
13
2009 2010 2011
Total Employment in the Philippines 35,060 36,047 37,191
Tourism Characteristic Industries 3,547 3,694 3,823
Hotels and similar 115 119 127
Restaurants and similar 894 926 989
Passenger transport 1,463 1,489 1,524
Travel agents, tour operators and tourism guides 175 181 185
Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 309 362 374
Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 263 276 277
Miscellaneous 328 341 348
Share to Total Employment (in percent) 10.1 10.2 10.3
WTTC Estimates 4,313 4,371
% share 12.3 12.1
WTTC estimates for employment revised from 2005 as per WTTC 2011 Report
WTTC-World Travel and Tourism Council
Table 3.1 Total Employment in the Philippines and Employment
in Tourism Industries: 20012011 (In thousand persons)
Growth Rates (%)
2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05
Total Employment in the Philippines 3.1 1.9 3.2 2.2
Tourism Characteristic Industries 2.8 5.0 4.7 1.9
Hotels and similar 3.8 8.2 7.5 6.8
Restaurants and similar 3.8 8.2 7.5 6.8
Passenger transport 2.1 6.9 5.1 1.0
Travel agents, tour operators and tourism guides 1.8 0.5 8.2 3.6
Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 1.8 6.2 4.9 -7.2
Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 6.8 -0.2 4.8 4.7
Miscellaneous 1.6 -3.9 -5.3 -1.4
continued
Table 3 - - Concluded
Source: Labor Force Survey, National Statistics Office
14
2005-06 2006-07 2007-08
Total Employment in the Philippines 2.0 1.8 1.6
Tourism Characteristic Industries 2.6 4.4 1.7
Hotels and similar 2.9 2.3 5.1
Restaurants and similar 2.9 2.3 5.1
Passenger transport 1.3 4.7 -0.3
Travel agents, tour operators and tourism guides 14.5 5.9 2.8
Recreation, entertainment and cultural services 3.4 16.3 -0.4
Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 2.2 1.1 1.5
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Total Employment in the Philippines 2.8 2.8 3.2
Tourism Characteristic Industries 3.9 4.1 3.5
Hotels and similar 5.9 3.5 6.8
Restaurants and similar 5.9 3.5 6.8
Passenger transport 3.4 1.8 2.3
Travel agents, tour operators and tourism guides -0.8 2.9 2.3
Recreation, entertainment and cultural services -0.1 17.3 3.2
Retail trade on tourism-characteristic goods 4.3 5.1 0.2
Table 3.1 - - Concluded
21
`

Davao Citys Population
Increases by 219
Thousand (Results From
the 2007 Census
of Population)
Eden Nature Park, Davao City

Introduction

In August 2007, the National
Statistics Office (NSO) conducted the
2007 Census of Population. This
nationwide undertaking was the 12
th

population census conducted in the
country.

Like the previous censuses, the
2007 Census of Population is designed
to take an inventory of the total
population in the Philippines and to
collect information about their
characteristics. The census of population
is the source of information on the size
and distribution of the population as well
as information about the demographic,
social, economic, and cultural
characteristics.

Using 12:01 in the morning of
August 1, 2007 as reference period, all
persons were enumerated in their usual

place of residence, which was the
geographic place (street, barangay, sitio,
municipality, or province) where the
persons usually reside.

Definition of Terms

Growth rate the rate at which
the population is increasing (or
decreasing) in a given period due to
natural increase and net migration
expressed as a percentage of the base
population

Household - a social unit
consisting of a person or a group of
persons who sleep in the same housing
unit and have common arrangements in
the preparation and consumption of food

Institutional population the
population enumerated in institutional
living quarters or institution such as jails
or prisons, military camps, convents or
seminaries, mental hospitals, leprosaria,
and the like

Total population - the sum of
household population and institutional
population

Average household size
average number of persons who live in a
household computed as household
population divided by the
corresponding total number of
households in that area

Sex ratio ratio of males to
females in a given population expressed
as the number of males per 100 females

Median Age age at which
exactly half of the population is
younger than this age and other half
older

Section I POPULATION AND HOUSING

FIGURE 1
Top Ten Barangays: 2007
74,113
57,259
53,212
52,432
51,299
36,642
34,277
33,612
33,295
31,641
0 20,00
0
40,00
0
60,00
0
80,00
0
Bucana
Buhangin (Pob.)
Talomo (Pob.)
Sasa
Ma-a
Matina Crossing
Tibungko
Cabantian
Panacan
Matlina Aplaya
B
a
r
a
n
g
a
y
Total Population
FIGURE 2 Age-Sex Pyramid
of Household Population: 2007
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 - 4
5 - 9
10 - 14
15 - 19
20 - 24
25 - 29
30 - 34
35 - 39
40 - 44
45 - 49
50 - 54
55 - 59
60 - 64
65 - 69
70 - 74
75 - 79
80 and over
A
g
e

g
r
o
u
p
Percent to total household population
Male Female
Overall dependency ratio ratio
of persons in the dependent ages (under
15 years old and over 64 years old) to
persons in the working age (15 to 64
years old).

Analysis of Tables
Population increases by 219 thousand
The population of Davao City was
1,366,153 persons as of August 1, 2007,
based on the 2007 Census of Population.
This figure was higher by 219,037
persons over the population count of
1,147,116 persons in 2000. The
population counts for the province from
the 2000 and 2007 censuses translated
to an average annual population growth
rate of 2.44 percent for the same period.
The number of households in
2007 reached 300,141, which was
60,084 households more than the
number of households reported in 2000.
The average household size was 4.5
persons, slightly lower than the average
household size of 4.8 in 2000 Table 1.1).
Barangay Bucana is the most
populated area
Among the 182 barangays in
Davao City, Barangay Bucana was the
most populous with a population of
74,113 persons, or 5.4 percent of the
citys total population. It was followed by
barangays Buhangin (Pob.) (4.2%),
Talomo (Pob.) (3.9%), Sasa (3.8%), and
Ma-a (3.8%). The rest of the barangays
had a share of less than three percent
each. Barangay 13-B (Pob.) (0.01%) was
the smallest barangay in terms of
population size (Figure 1).
Sex ratio remains unchanged
Of the 1,361,178 household
population of Davao City, there were
almost equal distribution of males (49.9
percent) and females (50.1 percent),
which translated to a sex ratio of one
male for every one female. The same
sex ratio was recorded in 2000 (Table
1.2).
Half of the population below 22 years
old

The household population of
Davao City had a median age of 22
years, which means that half of the
household population were below 22
years old. This median age was one year
POPULATION AND HOUSING 23

higher than the median age of 21 years
computed in 2000.
The age-sex structure of the
household population of Davao City in
2007 slightly deviated from the usual
pyramid shape. It showed a protrusion at
age group 15 to 19 years, which was
more noticeable for females.
There were more males than
females in age brackets 0 to 14 years
and 25 to 39 years, while more females
than males were observed in age
brackets 15 to 24 years and 40 years
and over (Figure2).
Three out of five persons are in
voting-age population
About 61.0 percent of the
household population of Davao City were
in the voting age group (18 years old and
over). The distribution of voting-age
population by sex showed that females
(50.6%) outnumbered the males (49.4 %)
(Table 1.2).
Overall dependency ratio decreases to
56 dependents per 100 persons in the
working age group
The proportion of household
population in the working age group (15
to 64 years) was 64.0 percent, young
dependents (0 to 14 years) comprised
32.4 percent, and old dependents (65
years and over) contributed 3.6 percent.
The overall dependency ratio in
the city was 56, which means that for
every 100 persons in the working age
group, there were 56 dependents (51
young and 5 old dependents). In 2000,
there were 61 dependents (56 young and
5 old dependents) per 100 persons in the
working-age population (Table 1.2).
There are more males who have
never-married than females
Of the household population 10
years old and over in 2007, 45.5 percent
were never-married while 42.6 percent
were married. The rest of the population
was either widowed (3.9 percent),
divorced/separated (1.2 percent), had
common law/live-in marital arrangement
(6.3 percent), or had unknown marital
status (0.5 percent). Among never-
married persons, there were more males
(52.0 percent) than females (48.0
percent). Females outnumbered the
males in the rest of the categories for
marital status (Table 1.3).
More females have higher levels of
education
Of the household population 5
years old and over, 29.0 percent had
attended or finished elementary
education while 35.0 percent had
reached or completed high school. The
proportion of academic degree holders
was 12.5 percent, an increase of 6.0
percentage points from 6.5 percent in
2000.
More females reached higher
levels of education than males as
proportion of females among academic
degree holders was 55.8 percent and
among those with post baccalaureate
courses, 58.5 percent.
Of the household population 5 to
24 years old, more than three fifths (62.9
percent) attended school at anytime
during School Year 2007 to 2008. The
proportion of males (63.6 percent) to the
male household population 5 to 24 years
who attended school during said school
year was slightly higher than the
proportion of females (62.3 percent) to
the female household population 5 to 24
years who attended school at anytime
during the same school year (Table 1.4).
Ratio of households to occupied
housing units remains unchanged

From a total of 234,149 occupied
housing units in 2000, the number of
occupied housing units in Davao City
reached 291,267 in 2007, indicating an
increase of 24.4 percent. The number of
households for every 100 occupied
housing units in 2007 and 2000 were the
same at 103 households. As to the
number of persons per occupied housing
unit, a ratio of 4.7 persons per occupied
housing unit was recorded in 2007 while
it was 4.9 persons per occupied housing
unit in 2000 (Table 1.5).
Most occupied housing units are
made of strong materials
Most of the occupied housing
units in Davao City had
concrete/brick/stone (32.9 percent) as
construction materials for outer walls. On
the other hand, the proportion of
occupied housing units with outer walls
made of wood dropped from 40.3 percent
in 2000 to 30.0 percent in 2007.
A clear majority (94.0 percent) of
occupied housing units in 2007 had roofs
made of galvanized iron/aluminum.
Occupied housing units with
cogon/nipa/anahaw as roofing materials
decreased from 6.2 percent in 2000 to
only 2.9 percent in 2007 (Table 1.6).

Private Building
Construction Statistics
First Quarter 2011

Scope and Coverage

Private construction statistics
from approved building permits relate to
data on new constructions and additions,
alterations, and repairs of residential and
non-residential buildings and other
structures undertaken in all regions and
provinces of the country.

Source of Information

Data were taken from the original
application forms of approved building
permits collected by NSO field personnel
from local building officials nationwide.

Limitations

Data on private building
constructions refer to those proposed to
be constructed or construction work
started during the reference period and
not to construction work completed
during the reference period.

The completeness of the number
of building permits collected relies on the
applications filed and approved by the
Offices of Local Building Officials (LBOs).

Hence, private building
constructions without approved building
permits are not included in the tabulation
of data.

Definition of Terms

Building permit a written
authorization granted by the LBO to
an applicant allowing him to proceed with
the construction of a specific project after
plans, specifications, and other pertinent
documents have been found to be in
conformity with the National Building
Code (PD 1096)

Building - any independent, free
standing structure comprising of one or
more rooms or other spaces, covered by
a roof and enclosed with external walls or
dividing walls, which extend the
foundation to the roof

Residential building a building
for which its major parts or more than
half of its gross floor area is built for
dwelling purposes; this type of building
can be of the single type, duplex, an
apartment and/or accessoria, and
residential condominium

Single house a complete
structure intended for a single family


20,784
23,586
3,495
2,978
4,068 3,428
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
N
u
m
b
e
r
Type of building
2011
2010
Duplex a structure intended
for two households with complete living
facilities for each; a single structure
divided into two dwelling units by a wall
extending from the floor to the ceiling

Apartment a structure, usually
of two storeys, made up of independent
living quarters, with independent
entrances from internal walls and courts

Accessoria a one-or two-floor
structure divided into several dwelling
units, each dwelling unit having its own
separate entrance from the outside

Residential condominium a
structure, usually of several storeys,
consisting of multiple dwelling units

Other residential constructions
consist of school or company staff
houses, living quarters for drivers and
maids, and guardhouses

Non-residential building this
type includes commercial,
industrial, agricultural, and institutional
buildings

Additions or alterations and
repairs construction works by which
the utility of building or structure is raised
or at least renewed, or which materially
extends the normal life of the building or
structure

Demolitions the systematic
dismantling or destruction of a building or
structure or in part

Street furniture - street
structures consisting of monuments,
waiting sheds, benches, plant boxes,
lampposts, electric poles, and telephone
poles

Floor area of building the sum
of the area of each floor of the building
measured to the outer surface of the
outer walls including the area of lobbies,
cellars, elevator shafts, and all communal
spaces in multidwellings; areas of
balconies are excluded

Total value of construction
the sum of the cost of building, electrical,
mechanical, plumbing, and others; the
value is derived from the approved
building permit and represents the
estimated value of the building or
structure when completed.

Analysis of Tables
Construction projects number 28,347
in the first quarter
The country's construction
projects from approved building permits
summed up to 28,347 during the first
quarter of 2011. This reflects a 5.5
percent annual decrease from 29,992
constructions projects during the same
period in 2010 (Table 1.7).

Residential type building in the first
quarter of 2011 recorded a total of
20,784, down by 11.9 percent than last
year's total residential construction of
23,586. On the other hand, non-
residential construction for the period
grew 17.4 percent to 3,495 from 2,978
FIGURE 3 Number of Construction Projects
by Type of Construction
First Quarter 2010 and 2011
Residential Non-residential
Additions,
alterations/
repair

FIGURE 5 Value of Construction
by Type of Building
First Quarter 2010-2011
28.2
19.4
5.2
21.3
22.3
3.7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Residential Non-residential Additions,
alterations/repair
Type of building
V
a
l
u
e

(
I
n

b
i
l
l
i
o
n

p
e
s
o
s
)
2011
2010
during the same quarter of 2010.

Furthermore, combined approved
building permits for additions, alterations
and repairs with a total of 4,068 rose by
18.7 percent from 3,428 approved
building permits recorded during the
same quarter of 2010. Figure 1
compares the number of approved
building permits by type of construction
for the first quarters of 2010 and 2011.

The most number of
construction projects in the country were
located in CALABARZON with 7,090 or
25.0 percent of the total. National Capital
Region (NCR) with 3,724 constructions
(13.1%) ranked second, followed by
Central Visayas with 3,137 constructions
representing 11.1 percent of the total.
Central Luzon with 3,027 constructions
(10.7%) and Davao Region with 2,287
constructions (8.1%) ranked fourth and
fifth, respectively (Table 1.7).

At the provincial level,
Cavite reported the biggest number of
construction projects with 2,785 or 9.8
percent of the total. This was followed by
the province of Cebu with 1,620 (5.7%)
construction projects. Other provinces
which exceeded a thousand mark were
Laguna with 1,547 (5.5%), Davao del
Sur, 1,291 (4.6%), Rizal, 1,196 (4.2%)
and Batangas with 1,096 (3.9%)
construction projects during the first
quarter 2011 (Figure 3).

Total value of construction surges
11.6 percent to PHP52.8 billion

Total value of construction during
the first quarter of 2011 surged 11.6
percent to PHP52.8 billion from PhP47.3
billion recorded during the same quarter
of 2010.

Similarly, value of residential
building construction exhibited an
increase of 32.6 percent amounting to
PHP28.2 billion from PHP21.3 billion
during the same quarter of
2010.

Value of non-residential building
construction, however, dropped 13.2
percent amounting to PhP19.4 billion
from PhP22.3 billion registered during
FIGURE 4 Distribution of Construction Projects
by Region: First Quarter 2011
PHILIPPINES = 28,347
Region 12 =
441 (1.6%)
CARAGA =
693 (3.0%)
Region 11 =
2,287 (8.1%)
Region 10 =
1,400 (6.1%)
Region 8 =
566 (2.0%)
Region 5 =
605 (2.1%)
NCR = 3,724 (13.1%)
Region 3 = 2,214 (9.7%)
Region 2 = 598 (2.1%)
Region 1 = 2,151 (7.6%)
Region 4A =
7,090 (25.0%)
Region 4B =
529 (1.9%)
Region 6 =
1,231 (4.3%)
Region 7 =
3,137 (11.1%)
Region 9 =
623 (2.2%)
ARMM=
17 (0.1%)
CAR = 340 (1.2%)

the same period of 2010.

Furthermore, combined value for
additions, alterations and repairs,
estimated at PhP5.2 billion, increased by
39.7 percent from PhP3.7 billion
registered during the same period of
2010 (Figure 4).

Across the country, value of
construction for the NCR had always
remained highest at PhP25.1 billion,
accounting for 47.6 percent share of the
total value. CALABARZON, and Central
Luzon ranked a far second and third with
respective shares of 13.7 percent
(PhP7.2 billion) and 8.1 percent (PhP4.3
billion) (Table 1.7).

Average cost per square meter of
residential building construction is
PhP8,654

Total value of construction for
residential buildings was PHP28.2 billion
with a total floor area of 3.3 million
square meters, translating to an average
cost of PHP8,654 per square meter. This
represents a slight increase of 6.5
percent compared with the average cost
of PHP8,126 per square meter of the
previous year.

Among the residential
construction, single type recorded the
most number of projects with 18,573
(89.4%). Total value of construction for
this type reached PHP13.3 billion
covering a total floor area of 1.7 million
square meters translating to an average
cost of PhP7,608 per square meter.

Apartment/accessoria followed
next with 1,538 construction projects
representing 7.4 percent of total
residential construction. This type of
residential building construction had an
estimated construction value of PHP4.2
billion with total floor area of 571.1
thousand square meters or an average
cost of PhP7,354 per square meter.

Duplex type residential building
recorded a total of 559 construction
projects or 2.7 percent of the total
residential construction. Total value for
this type amounted to PhP619.8 million
and a total floor area of 75.1 thousand
square meters or an average cost of
PhP8,257 per square meter. Figure 4
displays the percentage distribution of
the number and value of residential
building construction by type for the first
quarter of 2011 (Table 1.8).

Commercial type dominates non-
residential building construction

During the first quarter of 2011,
value of non-residential building
construction was PhP19.4 billion pesos
with a total floor area of 2.1 million
square meters. This translates to an
average cost of PhP9,220 per square
meter (Table 1.9).

Commercial type dominated all
other types of non-residential building
construction with 2,136 projects
(61.1%). Value of construction for this
89.4
47.1
14.9
7.4
3.2
35.8
5
0
10
15
20
Others
Apartment/
Accessoria
Single
Type
In billion pesos In thousand
FIGURE 6 Number and Value of Residential
Building Construction by Type
First Quarter 2011
Number Value
28
24
16
12
8
4
0
20

12.7
4.0
2.1
0.3 0.3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Commercial Inst it ut ional Indust rial Ot hers Agricult ural
Type of Building
V
a
l
u
e

(
I
n

b
i
l
l
i
o
n

p
e
s
o
s
)
532
266
150 166
2,136
-
600
1,200
1,800
2,400
Commercial Inst it ut ional Ot hers Indust rial Agricult ural
Type of Building

type was estimated at PhP12.7 billion
covering a total floor area of 1.3 million
PhP9,939 per square meter (Table
1.10).

Institutional building construction
ranked a far second with 532
construction projects (15.2%),
construction value of PhP4.0 billion and
a total floor area of 339.8 thousand
PhP11,647 per square meter.

This was followed by industrial
type building construction with 411
construction projects (11.8%). The total
value of industrial construction
amounted to PhP2.1 billion with a total
floor area of 376.3 thousand square
meters. This expresses to an average
cost of PhP5,456 per square meter
(Table 1.11).

The least number of non-
residential construction was reported for
agricultural type with 150 or 4.3 percent
of the total. Construction value was
estimated at PhP328.2 million covering a
total floor area of 105.5 thousand square

meters, translating to an average cost of
PhP3,112 per square meter (Figure 6).

FIGURE 7 Number and Value of Non-Residential Construction by Type
First Quarter 2011

Number Value
29
TABLE 1.1 Total Population, Household Population, and Number of Households
of Top 10 Barangays: 2007
Barangay
Total Household Number
Population Population of Households
Davao City 1,366,153 1,361,178 300,141
Bucana 74,113 73,984 16,762
Buhangin (Pob.) 57,259 57,162 12,707
Talomo (Pob.) 53,212 53,071 11,966
Sasa 52,432 52,420 11,365
Ma-a 51,299 49,868 10,821
Matina Crossing 36,642 36,566 7,876
Tibungco 34,277 34,190 7,388
Cabantian 33,612 33,576 7,360
Panacan 33,295 33,250 7,278
Matina Aplaya 31,641 31,626 6,385
TABLE 1.2 Household Population by Age Group and Sex and Sex Ratio by Age Group: 2007
Age Group Both Sexes Male Female Sex Ratio
Total 1,361,178 679,149 682,029 99.6
Under 1 32,533 16,681 15,852 105.2
1-4 124,913 64,980 59,933 108.4
5-9 144,832 74,751 70,081 106.7
10-14 139,308 70,262 69,046 101.8
15-19 154,882 73,048 81,834 89.3
20-24 139,641 68,369 71,272 95.9
25-29 120,880 60,584 60,296 100.5
30-34 101,820 51,635 50,185 102.9
35-39 91,871 46,794 45,077 103.8
40-44 74,627 37,306 37,321 100.0
45-49 65,310 32,419 32,891 98.6
50-54 55,412 27,553 27,859 98.9
55-59 40,788 20,349 20,439 99.6
60-64 26,026 12,641 13,385 94.4
65-69 19,870 9,436 10,434 90.4
70-74 13,072 5,960 7,112 83.8
75-79 8,018 3,414 4,604 74.2
80 and over 7,375 2,967 4,408 67.3
POPULATION AND HOUSING
Source: National Statistics Office, 2007 Census of Population
30
TABLE 1.3 Household Population 10 Years Old and Over by Marital Status and Sex: 2007
Marital Status Both Sexes Male Female
Total 1,058,900 522,737 536,163
Single 482,210 250,577 231,633
Married 450,783 222,888 227,895
Widowed 41,137 9,136 32,001
Divorced/Separated 12,930 4,747 8,183
Common Law/Live-in 66,848 33,031 33,817
Unknown 4,992 2,358 2,634
TABLE 1.4 Household Population Five Years Old and Over
by Highest Educational Attainment and Sex: 2007
Highest Educational Attainment Both Sexes Male Female
Total 1,203,732 597,488 606,244
No grade completed 601,159 31,478 28,681
Preschool 33,911 18,246 15,665
Elementary 349,636 184,662 164,974
High school 421,009 202,954 218,055
Post secondary 37,026 20,738 16,288
College undergraduate 134,145 64,500 69,645
Academic degree holder 150,752 66,632 84,120
Post baccalaureate 2,849 1,181 1,668
Not stated 14,245 7,097 7,148
31
TABLE 1.5 Household Population Five to 24 Years Old Who Were Attending School
Sex
Household Household
Population Population
5 to 24 5 to 24 Years
Years Old Old Who Were Age Group
Attending School 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24
Total 578,663 364,226 126,401 128,813 86,036 22,976
Male 286,430 182,296 64,555 64,341 41,464 11,936
Female 292,233 181,930 61,846 64,472 44,572 11,040
TABLE 1.6 Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Roof
and Outer Walls: 2007
Construction Materials of the Roof
Galvanized Iron/ Tile/ Half Wood Cogon/
Aluminum Concrete/ Galvanized Nipa/
Clay Tile Iron Anahaw
and Half
Concrete
Total 291,267 273,681 1,094 3,305 2,528 8,407
Concrete/brick/
stone 95,930 94,402 727 383 172 25
Wood 87,519 83,357 145 448 1,647 1,650
Half concrete/
brick/ stone
and half wood 51,659 49,262 161 1,843 216 64
Galvanized iron/
aluminum 1,468 1,212 20 141 69 20
Bamboo/sawali/
cogon/nipa 49,637 42,072 0 451 378 6,384
Asbestos 133 94 1 3 13 0
Glass 50 43 3 1 3 0
Makeshift/
salvaged/ impro-
vised material 1,440 997 0 25 7 180
Others/ not
reported 3,430 2,241 37 10 23 84
No walls 1 1 0 0 0 0
Continued
Construction
Materials of the
Outer Walls
Total Occupied
Housing Units
32
Construction Materials of the Roof
Makeshift/ Asbestos/ Not
Salvaged/ Others Reported
Improvised Materials
Total 503 318 1,431
Concrete/brick/
stone 20 86 115
Wood 86 45 141
Half concrete/
brick/ stone
and half wood 15 21 77
Galvanized iron/
aluminum 2 1 3
Bamboo/sawali/
cogon/nipa 156 120 76
Asbestos 0 20 2
Glass 0 0 0
Makeshift/
salvaged/ impro-
vised material 220 4 7
Others/ not reported 4 21 1,010
No walls 0 0 0
Table 1.6 -- Concluded
Construction
Materials of the
Outer Walls
33
TABLE 1.7 Number, Floor Area, and Value of New Construction
by Type of Building and by Region: First Quarter 2011
(Floor Area in Square Meters, Value in Thousand Pesos)
Region
Total Residential Nonresidential
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
ber Area ber Area ber Area
Philippines 28,347 5,530,024 52,771,886 20,784 3,260,345 28,214,148 3,495 2,103,570 19,394,086
NCR 3,724 2,023,736 25,145,581 1,980 1,362,004 14,430,684 367 627,842 8,663,869
CAR 340 66,467 572,294 201 35,973 318,418 49 28,405 227,174
I - Ilocos Region 2,151 237,635 1,803,372 1,721 159,205 1,120,094 288 73,155 486,819
II - Cagayan Valley 598 73,026 539,376 434 40,170 290,207 101 28,719 215,742
III - Central Luzon 3,027 554,686 4,257,170 2,247 312,642 2,387,034 391 228,817 1,533,750
IVA - CALABARZON 7,090 926,501 7,226,378 5,431 614,421 4,797,521 538 270,165 1,802,937
IVB - MIMAROPA 529 95,840 667,929 330 33,645 235,638 172 61,120 420,357
V - Bicol Region 605 96,082 909,245 472 57,925 337,650 88 35,765 514,447
VI - Western Visayas 1,231 183,943 2,604,351 952 106,390 927,114 195 72,609 682,095
VII - Central Visayas 3,137 485,016 3,335,296 2,504 22,135 1,337,769 477 250,692 1,756,825
VIII - Eastern Visayas 566 104,056 1,005,080 361 37,774 280,770 103 64,071 650,721
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 623 45,333 224,768 526 27,514 122,795 77 16,896 96,891
X - Northern Mindanao 1,353 172,037 1,275,292 1,143 94,551 622,296 147 74,428 593,190
XI - Davao Region 2,287 311,081 2,266,348 1,743 98,465 667,539 257 178,637 1,221,703
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 441 93,181 621,084 237 21,776 159,788 152 67,897 409,928
XIII - Caraga 628 59,601 308,250 489 34,741 173,674 89 23,563 112,718
ARMM 17 1,803 10,064 13 1,014 5,151 4 789 4,913
Alterations
Additions or Repairs Demolitions Street Furniture
Num- Floor
Value
Num-
Value
Num-
Value
Num-
Value
ber Area ber ber ber
Philippines 1,488 166,109 1,175,809# 2,580 3,987,841# 84 2,584# 269 263,166
NCR 212 33,890 350,024 1,165 1,701,003 76 2,000 65 188,627
CAR 74 2,089 13,727 16 12,972 - - - -
I - Ilocos Region 60 5,275 34,092 82 162,366 - - 56 17,414
II - Cagayan Valley 19 4,137 21,605 44 11,821 - - 3 2,040
III - Central Luzon 133 13,227 70,858 256 265,526 - - 23 4,709
IVA - CALABARZON 745 41,915 286,881 376 339,038 1 20 43 19,368
IVB - MIMAROPA 12 1,075 5,888 15 6,044 1 86 1 480
V - Bicol Region 8 2,392 12,189 37 44,958 - - 2 1,424
VI - Western Visayas 23 4,944 34,259 61 960,882 2 - 26 10,399
VII - Central Visayas 55 12,189 82,241 101 158,459 - - 19 7,994
VIII - Eastern Visayas 19 2,211 13,725 83 59,862 - - 7 557
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 10 923 3,390 10 1,691 - -# - -
X - Northern Mindanao 18 3,058 27,762 45 32,043 - - 11 8,094
XI - Davao Region 70 33,979 192,149 217 184,955 3 467 11 1,218
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 16 3,508 21,262 36 30,106 1 10 - -
XIII - Caraga 14 1,297 5,749 36 16,108 - - 1 76
ARMM - - - 1 128 - - 1 758
-
Source: National Statistics Office, Private Building Construction Statistics
34
TABLE 1.8 Number, Floor Area and Value of New Residential Building Construction
Region
Total Single Duplex/Quadruplex
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Philippines 20,784 3,260,345 28,214,148# 18,573 1,747,119 13,292,481# 559 75,069 619,838
NCR 1,980 1,362,004 14,430,684 1,364 261,792 2,443,773 80 20,585 184,718
CAR 201 35,973 318,418 133 17,076 153,071 7 1,270 9,146
I - Ilocos Region 1,721 159,205 1,120,094 1,662 143,587 1,010,555 6 775 7,623
II - Cagayan Valley 434 40,170 290,207 415 33,682 235,014 - - -
III - Central Luzon 2,247 312,642 2,387,034 2,025 248,036 1,885,645 48 5,723 35,170
IVA - CALABARZON 5,431 614,421 4,797,521 4,543 409,280 3,392,337 330 35,444 291,217
IVB - MIMAROPA 330 33,645 235,638 308 28,638 196,012 1 84 559
V - Bicol Region 472 57,925 337,650 445 47,892 281,902 8 1,045 10,453
VI - Western Visayas 952 106,390 927,114 930 99,699 870,863 1 69 478
VII - Central Visayas 2,504 222,135 1,337,769 2,355 182,072 1,077,878 62 7,238 60,762
VIII - Eastern Visayas 361 37,774 280,770 335 32,618 245,394 3 452 3,288
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 526 27,514 122,795 519 25,913 115,179 1 68 601
X - Northern Mindanao 1,143 94,551 622,296 1,099 73,076 468,183 6 1,479 10,157
XI - Davao Region 1,743 98,465 667,539 1,716 90,367 596,484 2 261 1,636
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 237 21,776 159,788 233 21,187 155,786 3 503 3,713
XIII - Caraga 489 34,741 173,674 478 31,190 159,246 1 73 310
ARMM 13 1,014 5,151 13 1,014 5,151 - - -
Apartment/Accessoria Residential Condominium Others
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Philippines 1,538 571,085 4,199,855# 36 857,009 10,053,649# 78 10,063 48,323
NCR 494 239,775 1,974,547 33 838,869 9,823,376 9 983 4,268
CAR 61 17,627 156,200 - - - - - -
I - Ilocos Region 45 14,405 98,509 - - - 8 438 3,406
II - Cagayan Valley 19 6,488 55,192 - 10,230 - - - -
III - Central Luzon 164 47,448 320,325 1 7,910 140,199 9 1,205 5,693
IVA - CALABARZON 544 160,293 1,016,892 2 - 90,073 12 1,494 7,000
IVB - MIMAROPA 14 3,935 32,938 - - - 7 988 6,127
V - Bicol Region 15 8,697 43,899 - - - 4 291 1,394
VI - Western Visayas 19 6,579 55,382 - - - 2 43 390
VII - Central Visayas 81 32,375 197,447 - - - 6 450 1,680
VIII - Eastern Visayas 16 4,013 26,573 - - - 7 691 5,514
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 3 1,332 6,838 - - - 3 201 175
X - Northern Mindanao 35 19,685 142,601 - - - 3 311 1,354
XI - Davao Region 22 7,159 64,138 - - - 3 678 5,279
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 1 86 288 - - - - - -
XIII - Caraga 5 1,188 8,080 - - - 5 2,290 6,037
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
-
36
TABLE 1.10 Number, Floor Area and Value of New Commercial Building Construction
Region
Total Banks Hotel/Motel, etc
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Philippines 2,136 1,281,951 12,740,982 45 19,889 166,915 287 167,525 1,310,255
NCR 208 508,858 7,089,421 8 3,291 23,878 18 48,027 508,775
CAR 41 24,186 198,956 - - - 19 18,299 155,087
I - Ilocos Region 187 33,696 237,383 3 709 4,728 12 2,326 12,144
II - Cagayan Valley 62 10,059 84,767 - - - 14 392 3,192
IVA - CALABARZON 289 84,985 546,670 7 1,483 14,315 38 18,199 108,825
IVB - MIMAROPA 126 50,558 282,736 - - - 12 2,652 16,620
V - Bicol Region 56 18,555 109,058 8 2,532 15,342 9 7,665 32,398
VI - Western Visayas 150 42,009 269,213 3 721 2,989 44 14,808 88,238
VII - Central Visayas 302 135,473 1,222,610 5 569 5,518 48 28,342 218,322
VIII - Eastern Visayas 48 19,290 123,039 2 537 3,687 7 1,327 16,047
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 54 8,725 38,571 1 435 999 8 1,954 12,172
X - Northern Mindanao 81 34,230 342,694 - - - 19 6,185 23,870
XI - Davao Region 161 151,565 1,008,439 2 7,816 82,527 14 3,944 32,966
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 90 40,106 254,239 1 212 1,713 5 1,941 6,235
XIII - Caraga 56 11,136 50,178 - - - 2 1,042 4,436
ARMM 1 35 192 - - - - - -
Condominium/Office Building Store Others
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Philippines 408 529,295 6,930,827 942 377,216 2,658,943 454 188,026 1,674,040
NCR 110 339,137 5,280,157 33 5,633 50,620 39 112,770 1,225,990
CAR 4 882 6,979 11 3,816 26,176 7 1,189 10,714
I - Ilocos Region 13 2,378 19,705 123 24,946 177,198 36 3,337 23,606
II - Cagayan Valley 7 1,969 18,139 35 6,975 58,628 6 723 4,807
IVA - CALABARZON 68 31,438 213,498# 111 21,133 130,118# 65 12,732 79,913
IVB - MIMAROPA 7 670 4,557 83 43,184 236,677 24 4,052 24,881
V - Bicol Region 10 2,127 26,165 16 2,674 17,792 13 3,557 17,359
VI - Western Visayas 15 4,303 38,293 58 16,321 106,963 30 5,856 32,729
VII - Central Visayas 39 72,870 783,726 152 21,791 138,300 58 11,901 76,742
VIII - Eastern Visayas 4 1,231 6,214 24 14,138 90,088 11 2,057 7,001
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 3 1,194 2,070 22 2,053 8,358 20 3,089 14,970
X - Northern Mindanao 13 6,716 31,873 36 19,008 274,274 13 2,321 12,675
XI - Davao Region 36 20,274 204,730 64 114,361 647,161 45 5,170 41,053
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 24 26,136 189,642 34 6,566 35,693 26 5,251 20,955
XIII - Caraga 8 2,015 8,424 34 6,631 23,775 12 1,448 13,541
ARMM - - - - - - - 35 192
-
37
TABLE 1.11 Number, Floor Area and Value of New Industrial Building Construction
Region
Total Factory Repair Shop/Machine Shop
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Philippines 411 376,331 2,053,258 94 68,002 502,355 40 12,028 45,239
NCR 46 67,450 658,256 4 2,014 24,718 2 432 8,562
CAR 3 1,026 6,350 - - - - - -
I - Ilocos Region 21 18,989 86,483 - - - 3 8,091 22,130
II - Cagayan Valley 16 11,025 53,373 1 300 1,715 1 13 54
III - Central Luzon 62 55,619 216,483 12 16,618 47,900 1 591 2,663
IVA - CALABARZON 63 81,929 435,668 18 23,433 198,008 2 72 674
IVB - MIMAROPA 22 6,018 80,274 2 3,316 62,751 13 143 473
V - Bicol Region 3 4,796 24,434 - - - - - -
VI - Western Visayas 9 7,302 40,492 1 45 1,102 - - -
VII - Central Visayas 46 57,368 146,388 16 11,061 94,929 6 208 823
VIII - Eastern Visayas 11 9,466 31,584 - - - 1 46 202
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 6 892 4,041 - - - 1 216 430
X - Northern Mindanao 22 17,314 93,371 2 556 1,441 4 1,757 7,944
XI - Davao Region 45 15,939 104,300 24 4,874 34,798 3 232 700
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 29 19,084 64,920 12 5,594 33,684 1 26 287
XIII - Caraga 6 1,655 3,688 2 191 1,303 2 201 290
ARMM 1 459 3,145 - - - - - -
Refinery Printing Press Others
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Num- Floor
Value
Philippines 2 742 4,288 3 838 2,694 272 294,721 1,498,680
NCR - - - 1 208 879 39 64,796 624,096
CAR - - - - - - 3 1,026 6,350
I - Ilocos Region - - - 1 220 - 18 10,898 64,352
II - Cagayan Valley - - - - - - 14 10,712 51,603
III - Central Luzon - - - - - - 46 37,730 163,629
IVA - CALABARZON 1 50 474# 2 630 1,815# 43 58,424 236,985
IVB - MIMAROPA - - - - - - 7 2,559 17,049
V - Bicol Region - - - - - - 3 4,796 24,434
VI - Western Visayas - - - - - - 8 7,257 39,389
VII - Central Visayas - - - - - - 24 46,099 50,635
VIII - Eastern Visayas 1 692 3,813 - - - 9 8,728 27,567
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula - - - - - - 5 676 3,610
X - Northern Mindanao - - - - - - 16 15,001 83,985
XI - Davao Region - - - - - - 18 10,833 68,801
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN - - - - - - 16 13,464 30,947
XIII - Caraga - - - - - - 2 1,263 2,094
ARMM - - - - - - 1 459 3,145
-
38
`
Labor Force Survey
April 2011

Concepts and Definitions

The Labor Force Survey (LFS) is
a nationwide survey of households
conducted quarterly by the National
Statistics Office (NSO) to gather data on
demographic and socioeconomic
characteristics of the population. Data
presented are based on the preliminary
results of the April 2011 round of the
LFS.

For comparative purposes, aside
from the April 2011 results, the textual
tables presented herein contain final
estimates of the survey conducted in
April 2010.

The reference period used in the
survey is the past seven days preceding
the date of visit of the enumerator.

The concepts and definitions
used in the survey can be found in the
regular NSO Integrated Survey of
Households (ISH) Bulletin. Some are
given below:

Labor force the population 15
years old and over which contributes to
the production of goods and services in
the country; comprises the employed and
unemployed

Employed persons in the labor
force who are reported as either at work or
with a job or business although not at
work; persons at work are those who did
some work, even for an hour during the
reference period

Unemployed persons in the
labor force who have no job or business
during the reference period and are
reportedly looking for work; their desire to
work is sincere and they are, therefore,
serious about working; also included are
persons without a job or business who
are reportedly not looking for work
because of the belief that no work was
available or because of temporary illness,
bad weather, or other valid reasons

Underemployed employed
persons who express the desire to have
additional hours of work in their present
job or an additional job, or have a new job
with longer working hours

Labor force participation rate
(LFPR) ratio of total labor force to the
total household population 15 years old
and over

Employment rate proportion of
employed persons to the total labor force

Unemployment rate proportion of
unemployed persons to the total labor force

Underemployment rate proportion of
underemployed persons to total employed
persons.

Section II - LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT
LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 39

Analysis of Tables

Employment rate remains stable at
92.8 percent

The employment rate estimated
for April 2011 was 92.8 percent. This
implies that nine in every 10 persons in
the labor force were employed in April
2011. The current figure is not
significantly different from the estimate
reported in April last year, which was
also 92.0 percent (Table 2.1).

Labor force participation improves at
64.2 percent

The April 2011 LFS placed the
labor force participation rate (LFPR) at
64.2 percent. This means that the size of
the labor force in April 2011 was
approximately 39.7 million out of the

estimated 61.7 million population 15 years
and older. Compared to the labor force
participation rate in April 2010
(63.6%), the April 2011 slightly improved
by 0.6 percent (Table 2.1).

NCR records the lowest employment
rate

Employment rates in the National
Capital Region (NCR) (88.4%),
Calabarzon (90.0%) and Ilocos Region
(90.2%) were lower than in all other
regions. As in previous LFS, the NCR
recorded the lowest employment rate. In
terms of the labor force participation rate,
the Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (ARMM) (55.7%), Ilocos Region
(61.6%), Central Luzon (61.1%), NCR
(62.6%), and the Bicol Region (63.2%)
posted lower rates compared to the rest of
the regions (Table 2.4).

FIGURE 1 Employment Rate by Region: April 2011
88.4
95.0
90.2
96.7
91.7
90.0
96.0
93.4
92.4
93.8
94.3
96.8
96.0
94.6
96.0
95.1
96.3
84.0
86.0
88.0
90.0
92.0
94.0
96.0
98.0
Region
N
u
m
b
e
r

(
I
n

p
e
r
c
e
n
t
)
FIGURE 2 Labor Force Participation Rate by Region: April 2011
62.6
68.8
61.6
67.3
61.1
64.7
68.6
63.2
70.6
66.4
64.5 63.6
70.6
66.4 65.5 65.3
55.7
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
Region
N
u
m
b
e
r

(
I
n

p
e
r
c
e
n
t
)

Bulk of workers are employed in the
services sector

More than half (51.7%) of the
total employed persons in April 2011,
which was estimated at 36.8 million,
worked in the services sector, with those
engaged in wholesale and retail trade,
repair of motor vehicles, motorcycles and
personal and household goods
comprising the largest sub-sector
(19.7% of the total employed). Workers
in the agriculture sector comprised 33.0
percent of the total employed, with
workers in agriculture; hunting and
forestry making up the largest sub-sector

(29.0% of the total employed). Only 15.3
percent of the total employed were in the
industry sector, with the manufacturing
sub-sector making up the largest
percentage (8.5% of the total employed)
(Table 2.2).

Laborers and unskilled workers
comprise the biggest group

Among the various occupation
groups, laborers and unskilled workers
comprised the largest group, posting 32.7
percent of the total employed persons in
April 2011. Farmers, forestry workers and
fishermen were the second largest group,
accounting for 15.3 percent of the total
employed population (Table 2.2).

Wage and salary workers are more
than half of those employed

Employed persons fall into any of
these categories: wage and salary
workers, own account workers and
unpaid family workers. Wage and salary
workers are those who work for private
households, private establishments,
government or government corporations
and those who work with pay in own-
family operated farm or business. More
than half (55.0%) of the employed persons
were wage and salary workers, self-

FIGURE 3 Employed Persons
by Industry: January 2011
Industry
15.3%
Services
51.7%
Agriculture
33.3%
FIGURE 4 Employed Persons by Occupation Group: April 2011
32.7
15.3
13.9
10.8
7.6
6.0 5.8
4.8
2.7
0.4
-
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
Type of Occupation
N
u
m
b
e
r

(
I
n

p
e
r
c
e
n
t
)
Laborers
and
unskilled
workers
Farmers,
forestry
workers,
and
fisherman
Officials
of government
and special
interest
organizations,
corporate
executives,
managers,
managing
proprietors
and supervisors
Service
workers
and shop
and
market
sales
workers
Trades and
related
workers
Plant and
machine
operators
and
assemblers
Clerks Professionals Special
occupations
Technicians
and
associate
professionals

employed workers without any paid
employee constituted 29.6 percent of
the total employed, and 11.9 percent
were unpaid family workers. Among the
wage and salary workers, those working
for private establishments comprised the
largest proportion (41.4% of the total
employed). Government workers or
those working for government
corporations comprised only 8.4 percent
of the total employed, while 5.0
percent were workers in private
households. Meanwhile, employers in
own-family operated farm or business
made up 3.5 percent share (Table 2.2).

Six in every ten employed work for 40
hours or more

Employed persons are classified
as either full-time workers or part-time
workers. Full-time workers are those
who work for 40 hours or more while
part-time workers work for less than 40
hours. In April 2011, six in every 10
employed persons (61.1%) were
working for 40 hours or more, while part-
time workers were estimated at 37.1
percent of the total employed (Table
2.2).

Number of underemployed persons
up by 1.6 percent

Employed persons who express
the desire to have additional hours of

work in their present job or to have
additional job, or to have a new job with
longer working hours are considered
underemployed. The April 2011 LFS
placed the underemployment rate at 19.4
percent. This means that approximately
7.13 million employed persons were
underemployed in April 2011. This was
higher than with 2010 survey round
which reported 6.30 million
underemployed (Table 2.3).

Half (59.6%) of the total
underemployed were reported as visibly
underemployed or working for less than
40 hours during the reference week.
Those working for 40 hours or more
accounted for 38.2 percent of the total
underemployed. Most of the
underemployed were working in the
agriculture sector (43.4%) and services
sector (39.9%). The underemployed in the
industry sector accounted for 16.7 percent
(Table 2.3).

Unemployment rate registers 7.2
percent

The unemployment rate in April
2011 was estimated at 7.2 percent, it is
significantly different recorded in April
2010 (8.0 percent). Among the regions,
the highest unemployment rate was
recorded in the NCR at 11.6 percent. The
next highest rates were posted in
CALABARZON (10.0%) and Ilocos Region
(9.8%).

The number of unemployed was
higher among males (64.0%) than among
females (36.0%). By age group, for every
10 unemployed persons, five (50.0%)
belonged to age group 15-24 years while
three (30.0%) were in the age group 25-
34.

Across educational groups, among
the unemployed, the high school
graduates comprised one-third (32.6%),
the college undergraduates comprised
about one-fifth (23.1%), while the college
graduates, 20.4 percent (Table 2.3).
FIGURE 5 Employed Persons
by Class of Worker: April 211
55.0
29.6
3.5
11.9
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
Class of Worker
N
u
m
b
e
r

Labor Relations
and Concerns

The labor sector faces a lot of
legitimate concerns that need to be
addressed. Displaced workers left and
right, retrenchment, strikes and lockouts
and even closures of establishments are
just some of the bleak features in the
labor scenario. However, with the
determination of the current dispensation
to provide the push and the help, a more
encouraging atmosphere might be in
stead.

The Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE) takes the lead in
formulating and directing the nations
labor policies and programs. Its mission
includes the promotion of social justice
and protection of human rights and
respect for human dignity in labor by
ensuring workers protection and welfare.
The department also aims to promote full
employment and manpower development
as well as to maintain industrial peace
through enhancement of
workers participation in policymaking.


This section presents an overview
of the current labor condition in the
country. Data presented were derived
from the DOLE. Analyses were based on
2010 and Second quarter 2011 figures
culled by DOLEs Bureau of Labor and
Employment Statistics (BLES).

Definition of Terms

Strike notice - the notification
filed by a duly registered labor union with
the respective National Conciliation and
Mediation Board (NCMB) regional
branches about its intention to go on
strike because of alleged commission by
the employer of unfair labor practice acts
or because of deadlock in collective
bargaining negotiations

Actual strike - any temporary
stoppage of work by the concerted action
of employees as a result of an industrial or
labor dispute; may include slowdown,
mass leave, attempts to damage, destroy
or sabotage plant equipment and facilities
and similar activities

Lockout - the temporary refusal of
an employer to furnish work for his
employees as a result of an industrial or
labor dispute; it comprises shutdown,
mass retrenchment and dismissal without
previous written clearance from the
Secretary of Labor and Employment or his
duly authorized representative

Mandays lost - computed by
multiplying the number of workers
involved in the strike or lockout by the total
number of working days lost or idled due
to strike or lockout

Disposition rate - the ratio of the
total cases disposed to the total number of
cases handled

Settlement rate - the ratio of the
total cases settled to the total number of
cases handled

Preventive mediation case -
subject of a formal or informal request for
conciliation and mediation assistance
sought by either or both parties to avoid
the occurrence of actual labor dispute

Voluntary arbitration - the mode
of settling labor-management disputes by
which the parties select a competent,
trained, and impartial person who shall
decide on the merits of the case and
whose decision is final, executory, and
unappealable

Conciliation case - an actual or
existing labor dispute, which is subject of
a notice of strike or lockout or actual strike
or lockout case, filed with the appropriate
NCMB regional branches

Conciliation or mediation

mode of settlement bringing together the
two parties in a dispute to come to
negotiations and settlement of the
dispute.

Analysis of Tables

Strike and lock out notices decrease
by 18.1 percent

Number of new strike and lockout
notices filed numbered 59 in the second
quarter of 2011 compared to 2010s tally
of 72, for a decrease of 18.1 percent.

Cases handled, including pending
notices, similarly plummet to 93, which is
significantly lower compare to the
previous year tally of 119. The settlement
rate stood at 65.9 percent. Workers
involved in new notices filed slipped to
12,000 in the period under review (Table
2.5).

NCR accounts for bulk of strike and
lockout notices

The National Conciliation
and Mediation Board (NCMB) reported a
total of 34 cases of strike notices, actual
strikes, and mediation. Of these, the
NCR accounted for 16 (47.10%) of all
new strike and lockout notices filed.
CALABARZON was second with 11
notices (32.4%) while the Central Luzon
had four notices (11.8%) to take third
place (Table 2.6).

Central Luzon accounts for all of
mandays lost from on-going strikes

In the 2011 period under review,
mandays lost from on-going strikes
reached 128. Central Luzon accounted
100.0% percent of this figure (Table 2.6).

NCR has the most number of pending
and beginning preventive mediation
cases

Table 2.6 shows a total of 50

pending and beginning cases in the period
under review.

By region, NCR reported the bulk
of the total pending and beginning
preventive mediation cases with 22 cases
(44.0%) while CALABARZON was second
with 10 cases (20.0%). Northern
Mindanao placed third, with five reported
cases (10.0%). The rest of the regions
reported total shares 26.0 percent.

Original preventive mediation cases up
by 42.7 percent

Original preventive mediation
cases filed numbered 127 cases in the
second quarter 2011 from 89 cases in the
same period in 2010 to register a 42.7
percent improvement.

Cases handled went up by 35,
from 185 to 150. Similarly, the workers
involved increased to 33,000 from 31,000
for the period under review.

A total of 117 voluntary arbitration
cases were facilitated and monitored in
the second quarter 2011 from 115 cases
in the same period of 2010 or an increase
of 1.7 percent. Of these cases, 41 (35.0%)
were disposed either by decision,
amicable settlement or withdrawal (Table
2.7).

Original mediation-arbitration cases
handled up 6.0 percent

There were 91 original mediation-
arbitration cases handled by the BLR in
the second quarter 2011 period. This was
a decrease of twenty two (19.5%) cases
in the same period in 2010. The
disposition rate of these cases decreased
by 7.7 percentage points from 51.5 to
43.8 percent (Table 2.8).


Appealed mediation-arbitration cases
handled up by 28.1 percent

In the second quarter 2011, there
were 41 appealed mediation-arbitration
cases handled. This was a 28.1 percent
increase from the 32 handled cases
recorded in 2010. The disposition rate for
these cases similarly increased to 43.9
percent from 40.6 percent (Table 2.8).

TABLE 2.1 Comparative Labor Statistics: April 2010 and 2011
April 2011 April 2010
Total 15 years old and over (in '000) 61778 60,561
Labor Force (in '000) 39691 38,512
Labor Force Participation Rate (%) 64.2 63.6
Employment ('000) 36,820 35,413
Employment Rate (%) 92.8 92.0
Unemployment ('000) 2,871 3,099
Unemployment Rate (%) 7.2 8.0
Underemployment ('000) 7,127 6,297
Underemployment Rate (%) 19.4 17.8
Figures were estimated using the 2000 Census-based Population Projections.
Notes: Estimates for April 2011 are preliminary and may change.
Source: National Statistics Office, April 2011 Labor Force Survey
46
TABLE 2.2 Employed Persons by Industry, Occupation, Class of Worker
and Hours Worked: April 2011
(In percent)
Selected Indicators April 2011
Employed persons
Number (in thousands) 36,820
Industry Sector
Total 100.0
Agriculture 33.0
Agriculture, hunting and forestry 29.0
Fishing 4.1
Industry 15.3
Mining and quarrying 0.6
Manufacturing 8.5
Electricity, gas and water 0.4
Construction 5.8
Services 51.7
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles,
motorcycles and personal and household goods 19.7
Hotels and restaurants 2.8
Transport, storage, and communication 7.3
Financial Intermediation 1.1
Real estate, renting, and business activities 3.5
Public administration and defense, compulsory social security 5.3
Education 3.2
Health and social work 1.2
Other community, social, and personal service activities 2.6
Private households with employed persons 5.0
Extra-territorial organizations and bodies -
Occupation
Total 100.0
Officials of government and special interest organizations,
corporate executives, managers, managing proprietors
and supervisors 13.9
Professionals 4.8
Technicians and associate professionals 2.7
Clerks 5.8
Service workers and shop and market sales workers 10.8
Farmers, forestry workers, and fishermen 15.3
Trades and related workers 7.6
Plant and machine operators and assemblers 6.0
Laborers and unskilled workers 32.7
Special occupations 0.4
Class of worker
Total 100.0
Wage and salary workers 55.0
Continued
47
Selected Indicators April 2011
Worked for private household 5.0
Worked for private establishment 41.4
Worked for government or government corporation 8.4
Worked with pay in own-family operated farm or business 0.2
Self-employed without any paid employee 29.6
Employer in own-family operated farm or business 3.5
Worked without pay in own-family operated farm or business 11.9
Hours worked
Total 100.0
Working:
Less than 40 hours 37.1
40 hours and over 61.1
Did not work 1.8
Mean hours worked 40.9
TABLE 2.3 Underemployed Persons by Hours Worked and Industry, and Unemployed Persons
by Age Group, Sex, and Highest Grade Completed: April 2010 and April 2011
Selected Indicators April 2011 April 2010
Underemployed persons
Number (in thousands) 7,126 6,297
Hours worked
Total 100.0 100.0
Worked less than 40 hours 59.6 58.7
Worked 40 hours and over 38.2 38.0
Did not work 2.2 3.3
Industry sector
Total 100.0 100.0
Agriculture 43.4 44.9
Industry 16.7 15.5
Services 39.9 39.6
Unemployed persons
Number (in thousands) 2,871 2,827
Continued
LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT
48
Selected Indicators April 2011 April 2010
Age group
Total 100.0 100.0
15 - 24 50.0 51.1
25 - 34 30.0 29.6
35 - 44 9.9 9.5
45 - 54 6.4 6.1
55 - 64 3.0 2.9
65 and Over 0.6 0.8
Male 64.0 62.5
Female 36.0 37.5
Highest grade completed
Total 100.0 100.0
No grade completed 0.5 0.5
Elementary 11.8 13.4
Undergraduate 5.3 6.2
Graduate 6.5 7.2
High school 44.2 44.5
Graduate 32.6 31.4
College 43.5 41.6
Graduate 20.4 19.6
TABLE 2.4 Rates of Labor Force Participation, Employment, Unemployment
and Underemployment by Region: April 2011
(In percent)
Employment Unemployment Underemployment
Region Rate Rate Rate
Philippines
64.2 92.8 7.2 19.4
NCR 62.6 88.4 11.6 14.4
CAR 68.8 95.0 5.0 11.5
I - Ilocos Region 61.6 90.2 9.8 17.7
II - Cagayan Valley 67.3 96.7 3.3 16.2
III - Central Luzon 61.1 91.7 8.3 10.2
IVA - CALABARZON 64.7 90.0 10.0 17.9
IVB - MIMAROPA 68.6 96.0 4.0 19.2
V - Bicol Region 63.2 93.4 6.6 35.8
VI - Western Visayas 64.7 92.4 7.6 23.4
VII - Central Visayas 66.7 93.8 6.2 17.1
VIII - Eastern Visayas 64.5 94.3 5.7 22.7
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 63.6 96.8 3.2 21.3
X - Northern Mindanao 70.6 96.0 4.0 34.8
XI - Davao Region 66.4 94.6 5.4 15.1
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 65.5 96.0 4.0 21.1
Caraga 65.3 95.1 4.9 29.0
ARMM 55.7 96.3 3.7 14.2
Labor Force
Participation Rate
50
TABLE 2.5 Strike and Lockout Notices and Actual Strikes and Lockouts
Second Quarter 2010 and 2011
Indicator Second Quarter 2011 Second Quarter 2010
Strike and lockout notices
Cases pending, beginning 32 47
New notices filed 59 72
Cases handled 93 119
Cases disposed 63 71
Settled 0 60
Assumed jurisdiction by the Secretary - 2
Certified for compulsory arbitration 2 7
Treated as preventive mediation case - -
Other modes of disposition - -
Materialized into actual strikes or lockouts - 2
Workers involved in new notices filed (000) 12 13
Disposition rate (%) 69.2 59.7
Settlement rate (%) 65.9 50.4
Actual strikes and lockouts
Cases pending, beginning - -
- 3
Cases handled - 3
Work normalized - 3
Settled - 3
Assumed jurisdiction by the Secretary - -
Certified for compulsory arbitration - -
Other modes of disposition - -
Workers involved in new strikes declared - 387
Mandays lost from on-going strikes (000) - 3
Disposition rate (%) - 100.0
Settlement rate (%) - 100.0
New strikes declared
1
Notes: Details may not add up to totals due to rounding.

1
Includes actual strikes and lockouts without notices.

p
Preliminary
Source: Department of Labor and Employment, National Conciliation and Mediation Board
TABLE 2.6 Strike and Lockout Notices, Actual Strikes and Lockouts and Preventive Mediation
Cases by Region: January to June 2011
I II III IV-A IV-B V
Indicator Philippines NCR CAR Ilocos Cagayan Central CALABARZON MIMAROPA Bicol
Region Valley Luzon Region
Strike/lockout notices
Pending, beginning 34 16 2 - - 4 11 - -
New notices filed 118 49 1 1 1 11 17 - 2
Cases handled 152 65 3 1 1 15 28 - 2
Cases disposed 124 51 3 1 1 15 24 - 2
Cases settled 113 47 3 1 1 12 20 - 2
Cases which materialized into
actual strikes or lockouts 1 - - - - 1 - - -
Workers involved in new notices filed 26,129 9,100 222 250 25 1,878 2,100 - 659
Disposition rate (%) 81.6 78.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.7 - 100.0
Settlement rate (%) 74.3 72.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 80.0 71.4 - 100.0
Pending, beginning - - - - - - - - -
New strikes declared 1 - - - - 1 - - -
Cases handled 1 - - - - 1 - - -
Cases disposed 1 - - - - 1 - - -
Cases settled - - - - - - - - -
Workers involved in new
strikes declared 128 - - - - 128 - - -
Mandays lost from on-going strikes 128 - - - - 128 - - -
Disposition rate (%) 100.0 - - - 100.0 - - -
Settlement rate (%) - - - - - - - - -
Preventive mediation cases
Pending, beginning 50 22 1 - - 3 10 - 2
cases filed 276 105 2 2 1 35 45 - 6
Strike notices treated as preventive
mediation cases 1 1 - - - - - - -
Cases handled 327 128 3 2 1 36 55 - 8
Cases Disposed 274 114 1 2 1 31 43 - 8
Cases settled 258 113 1 2 1 27 41 - 7
Workers involved in preventive
mediation cases filed 69,287 20,698 231 276 25 6,763 8,609 - 744
Disposition rate (%) 83.8 89.1 33.3 100.0 100.0 81.6 78.2 - 100.0
Settlement rate (%) 78.9 88.3 33.3 100.0 100.0 71.1 74.5 - 87.5
Continued
52
VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII
Indicator Western Central Eastern Zamboanga Northern Davao SOCCSKSARGEN Caraga
Visayas Visayas Visayas Peninsula Mindanao Region
Strike and lockout notices
Pending, beginning - - - - 1 - - -
New notices filed 6 11 2 - 7 6 2 2
Cases handled 6 11 2 - 8 6 2 2
Cases disposed 4 7 2 - 7 6 - 1
Cases settled 4 7 2 - 7 6 - 1
Cases which materialized into
actual strikes or lockouts - - - - - - - -
notices filed 810 753 137 - 2,879 936 6,200 180
Disposition rate (%) 66.7 63.6 100.0 - 87.5 100.0 - 50.0
Settlement rate (%) 66.7 63.6 100.0 - 87.5 100.0 - 50.0
Pending, beginning - - - - - - - -
New strikes declared - - - - - - - -
Cases handled - - - - - - - -
Work normalized - - - - - - - -
Cases settled - - - - - - - -
strikes declared - - - - - - - -
Mandays lost from on-going strikes - - - - - - - -
Disposition rate (%) - - - - - - - -
Settlement rate (%) - - - - - - - -
Pending, beginning 1 1 - - 5 1 2 2
cases filed 8 17 4 7 10 20 8 6
mediation cases - - - - - - - -
Cases handled 9 18 4 7 15 21 10 8
Cases disposed 6 15 4 6 13 18 7 5
Cases settled 5 12 4 6 13 17 5 4
Workers involved in preventive
mediation cases filed 5,167 2,526 1,033 2,074 1,183 5,425 12,684 1,849
Disposition rate (%) 66.7 83.3 100.0 85.7 86.7 87.5 70.0 62.5
Settlement rate (%) 55.6 66.7 100.0 85.7 86.7 81.0 50.0 50.0
Note: New strikes declared include actual strikes/lockouts without notices.
TABLE 2.7 Preventive Mediation Cases and Voluntary Arbitration Cases
Indicator Second Quarter 2011 Second Quarter 2010
Original preventive mediation cases filed 127 89
mediation cases 2 -
Settled 124 87
Assumed jurisdiction by the Secretary - -
Certified for compulsory arbitration - -
Referred to compulsory arbitration - -
Referred to voluntary arbitration - -
Materialized into notices of strikes and lockouts
and actual strikes and lockouts 10 11
Other modes of disposition - 1
Workers involved in preventive mediation
cases filed (000) 33 31
Settlement rate (%) 67.0 58.0
Voluntary arbitration cases
New cases facilitated/monitored 37 26
Total cases facilitated/monitored 117 115
Decided 31 24
Settled amicably 8 2
Withdrawn/dropped 2 6
Disposition rate (%) = Cases disposed/cases handled x 100.
Settlement rate (%) = Cases settled/cases handled x 100.
Voluntary arbitration - mode of settling labor-management disputes by which the parties
select a competent, trained and impartial person who shall decide on the merits of the cases
and whose decision is final, executory and unappealable.
Definitions:
54
TABLE 2.8 Original and Appealed Mediation-Arbitration Cases
Indicator Second Quarter 2011
Original mediation-arbitration cases
(BLR and DOLE Regional offices)
Cases newly filed 91 113
Petitions granted 36 83
Withdrawn/dismissed 27 20
Appealed mediation-arbitration cases
(BLR and OS)
Cases newly filed 10 8
Cases handled 41 32

Second Quarter 2010

P
Preliminary
1
Revised based on inventory of cases.
Source: Bureau of Labor Relations (BLR), Statistical and Performance Reporting System (SPRS),
Office of the Secretary (OS)
55
Section III TRAVEL AND TOURISM

Visitor Arrivals
to the Philippines
Third Quarter 2011

Introduction

In the past years, the
governments stance in developing a
more sustainable tourism industry has
certainly paid off. Not only has the
Philippines become one of the most
frequently visited tourist spots in Asia,
todays revitalized industry also provides
additional jobs for Filipinos without
compromising the integrity of local
diversity and culture.

The Department of Tourism
(DOT) takes the lead in furthering the

position of the country as a favored travel
destination. Along with other agencies
and organizations, it aims to break down
fundamental barriers to tourism growth
and works to minimize the impediments
to realizing a better tourism scenario.

The year 2011 marks the final
year of the Medium-Term Philippine
Development Plan 2004-2011. Realizing
the potential to boost the countrys
economy, the government takes a
strategic move to develop tourism as a
powerful economic growth engine in
sustainable manner.

This action plan taken by the
government makes national tourism (1)
market-product focused and (2)
destination focused. It identifies the 10
most attractive tourist segments for the
Philippines towards 2011, which are the
short-haul sightseeing and shopping;
long-haul mass comfort; long-haul
backpacker; long-haul niche beach;
domestic, short-haul ecotourism; short-
haul beach lover; short-haul recreation;
meetings, (MICE); and Balikbayan
segments.

Destination focus requires the
tourist spots in the country to be
categorized according to the Wow
factor, available infrastructure, readiness
or existing tourism volume, and access
and other factors. Eight priority
destinations shall be classified into three
groups:

Major destinations: comprising
Cebu, Bohol, Camiguin, Palawan,
The Dinagyang Festival of Iloilo City is the
first and the only festival in the world which gained the
support of the United Nations for the promotion of its
Millennium Development Goals (MDG). It is known as
the Best Tourism Event of the Philippines which
showcases the best festivals in the Visayan region.
The highlights of the festival include the Ati-Atihan
Dance and the Kasadyahan competition. The
Kasadyahan preludes the Dinagyang honoring the
feast of the Sto Nino.


Manila, Tagaytay, and Davao as
potential major destinations

Minor destinations: Vigan or
Laoag and Clark or Subic; and

Special interest destinations:
Baguio or Banaue, and Boracay.


Statistics presented in this section
deal on the travel of visitors to the
Philippines taken from arrival
and departure cards and shipping
manifests of the DOT.

Definition of Terms

Visitor any person visiting the
Philippines for any reason other than
following an occupation renumerated
from within the country and whose
residence is not the Philippines (World
Tourism Organization)

There are two types of visitors
under this definition, namely tourist and
excursionist, defined as follows:

Tourist temporary visitor
staying at least 24 hours in the country
for a purpose classified as either holiday
(recreation, leisure, sport, and visit to
family, friends or relatives), business,
official mission, convention, or health
reasons

Excursionist temporary visitor
staying less than 24 hours in the country

Based on the above definitions,
the following are included in the visitor
headcount:

Aliens entering the country for a
temporary stay not exceeding one
year and for purposes other than
immigration, permanent residence or
employment for renumeration in the
country, and
Filipino nationals or overseas
Filipinos residing permanently abroad
who are on temporary stay in the
Philippines not exceeding one year.
These exclude overseas contract
workers.

However, the following are
excluded in the visitor headcount:

Transit visitors and change-plane
passengers who remain in the
premises of the port of entry terminal
Aliens with prearranged employment
for renumeration in the Philippines,
and aliens studying in the country
regardless of length of stay
Filipinos living abroad, regardless of
length of stay overseas who are not
permanent residents abroad
Immigrants or aliens (expatriates)
who are permanently residing in the
Philippines
Filipino overseas contract workers on
home visits, and
Returning residents of the
Philippines.

Analysis of Tables

Visitor arrivals up by 11.0 percent

For the third quarter (July to
September) of 2011, aggregate visitor
arrivals reached 968,315. This was
103,826 bigger compared to 864,489
arrivals registered in the third quarter of
2010, translated to an increase of 12.0
percent (Table 3.1).

Asian visitors comprise more than
half of total visitor arrivals

DOTs arrival statistics showed
Asia leading other continents as it
accounted for 621,015 or 64.1 percent of
the aggregate arrivals in the third quarter
of 2011. This was a 17.3 percent
increase from third quarter 2010s
529,317 arrivals. East Asia has the lion
share of total visitor arrivals among Asian
TRAVEL AND TOURISM 57

regions with 508,493 (52.5%).
Compared with the third quarter 2010
output of 435,140 figure rose by 16.9
percent.

Arrivals from North America
totaled 150,376 or 15.5 percent of the
aggregate figure to register second. This
was an increase of 1.2 percent from third
quarter 2010s 183,360 arrivals. Among
its countries, the United States of
America (USA) accounted for the bulk or
13.3 percent (128,747) of the total
inbound traffic.

Europe with 84,443 arrivals,
registered third with 9.1 percent share of
total arrivals. It marked a significant 10.0
percent increase from 76,013 arrivals in
the third quarter of 2010.

Africa registered the least number
of arrivals among the continents. Its
share to the aggregate arrival figure was
a measly 0.1 percent (Table 3.1).

Overseas Filipino arrivals decline 13.2
percent

Overseas Filipinos, who
comprised 4.8 percent of the total
arrivals, posted 13.2 percent decline in
the period under review. From 53,435
arrivals in the third quarter of 2010 it
went down to 46,381 arrivals in the same
period of 2011 (Table 3.1).

Month-on-month growth rate up by
14.9 percent

The month-on-month growth rate
for September 2011 and September
2010 posted a 14.9 percent increase.
There were increases in the total volume
of visitors from all regions with Asia
contributing additional visitor arrivals of
33,035 compared to 2010 third quarter of
153,207 or a 21.6 percent improvement.
However, number of returning overseas
Filipinos went down by 15.9 percent.
Notable increases were recorded by
Korea and China with additional visitor
arrivals of 14,065 (24.4 percent) and
9,437 (82.0 percent), respectively (Table
3.2).

Korea is the countrys leading visitor

Korea remained the distinction as
the countrys biggest travel market as it
accounted for 257,332 arrivals equivalent
FIGURE 1 Visitor Arrivals
to the Philippines by Region
3rd Quarter: 2010 and 2011
0.00
100.00
200.00
300.00
400.00
500.00
600.00
700.00
Region
V
o
l
u
m
e

(
I
n

T
h
o
u
s
a
n
d
s
)
3rd Qtr 2011
3rd Qtr 2010
FIGURE 2 Top Ten Travel Markets
3rd Quarter: 2010 and 2011
198.4
128.5
101.0
54.5
46.8
30.9
28.8
34.5
21.2
20.71
257.33
128.75
105.2
66.56
51.73
37.01
34.21
27.66
24.33
23.27
0 100 200 300
Korea
United States
Japan
China
Taiwan
Australia
Singapore
Hong Kong
United Kingdom
Malaysia
C
o
u
n
t
r
y
Volume (In Thousand)
3rd Qtr 2011
3rd Qtr 2010

to 26.6 percent share. The USA stayed
at second with 128,747 arrivals for an
13.3 percent share, while Japan also
stayed put on third with 105,209
arrivals (10.9%).

China remained unchanged at
fourth place, posting 66,558 visitor
arrivals while Taiwan remained at fifth
place with 51,734 visitor arrivals.
Australia snatched sixth place (37, 007)
from Hong Kong which slid to eight place
(27,660). Singapore stayed at seventh
place (34, 211).

Ninety percent of the top ten
travel markets reported increases in
arrival volume. Korea registered the
highest improvement among the Top 10
Travel Markets registering 29.7 percent.
China posted the second highest
improvement with 22.1 percent. Hong
Kong recorded the only decline with 19.7
percent drop. This can be attributed to
hostage taking incident in Manila last
year. United Kingdom (9th place) and
Malaysia (10
th
place) registered 14.6 and
12.4 improvement respectively. USA, the
second largest contributor to the
countrys travel market registered a
measly 0.2 percent improvement
translated to additional 249 visitor
arrivals in third quarter 2011.

The 756,064 arrivals from these
ten countries accounted for 78.1 percent
of the total arrival figure (Table 3.3 and
Figure 2).

Hotel Accommodations
and Visitors Average
Length of Stay
Third Quarter 2011

In July to September of 2011, the
overall average occupancy rate of hotels
increased by 2.68 percentage points.
From the 60.95 percent occupancy level
recorded in July to September of 2010,
the figure went up by 63.63 percent in
the same period of 2011. The average
length of stay of guests in these hotels
was 2.49 nights, as against that of 2010
registered at 2.38 nights (Table 3.4) or
an additional of 0.11 percentage points.

De Luxe Hotels

De Luxe hotels occupancy rate
remains stable at 69.25 percent in the
third quarter of 2011 a significant
improvement from same period of 2010
(67.77 percent). The average length of
stay similarly increased by 0.11
percentage points as July to September
2010s average of 2.83 nights rose to
3.15 nights in July to September of 2011
(Table 3.4).

First Class Hotels

Average occupancy rate for first
class hotels in July to September of 2011
was 58.26 percent, an increase of 0.02
percentage points from the 56.24 percent
average recorded in July to September of
2010. The average length of stay was
longer in July to September of 2011, from
2.41 nights in July to September of 2010,
it decreased to 2.54 nights (0.11
percentage points) (Table 3.4).

FIGURE 3 Average Occupancy Rates
of Hotels in Metro Manila
by Classification
Third Quarter: 2010 and 2011
69.3
58.3
66.8
60.2
54.0
67.8
58.2
63.8
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
De luxe First class St andard Economy
Hotel Classification
O
c
c
u
p
a
n
c
y

R
a
t
e
3rd Qtr 2011
3rd Qtr 2010

Standard Hotels

In July to September of 2011, the
average occupancy rate of standard
hotels rose to 66.81 percent, translated
to a 3.02 percentage points increase
compared to the 63.79 percent average
occupancy rate registered in July to
September of 2010. Likewise, the
average length of stay went up by 0.09
percentage points from 2.27 nights to
2.36 nights in the period under review.

The 60.19 percent occupancy
report of economy hotels for July to
September of 2011 was 6.20 percentage
points higher than the 53.99 percent
occupancy level recorded for the same
period in 2010. The average length of
stay however slightly decreased from
2.01 nights to 1.92 nights (Table 3.4).

FIGURE 4 Overall Average Length
of Stay (in nights) of Guests
in Accredited Hotels in Metro Manila
Third Quarter 2010 and 2011
3.15
2.54
2.36
1.92
2.83
2.41
2.27
2.01
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
De Luxe First Class Standard Economy
Hotel Classification
L
e
n
g
t
h

o
f

S
t
a
y

(
i
n

n
i
g
h
t
s
)
3rd Qtr 2011
3rd Qtr 2010
60
TABLE 3.1 Visitor Arrivals by Country of Residence
Number of Arrivals Percent
Country of Residence Third Quarter Third Quarter Increase/
2011 2010 (Decrease)
GRAND TOTAL 968,315 864,489 12.0
Overseas Filipinos* 46,381 53,435 (13.2)
Asia 621,015 529,317 17.3
ASEAN 82,898 72,404 14.5
Brunei 1,216 978 24.3
Cambodia 547 511 7.0
Indonesia 8,821 7,304 20.8
Laos 253 226 11.9
Malaysia 23,272 20,710 12.4
Myanmar 800 920 (13.0)
Singapore 34,211 28,802 18.8
Thailand 8,858 8,498 4.2
Vietnam 4,920 4,455 10.4
East Asia 508,493 435,140 16.9
China 66,558 54,495 22.1
Hong Kong 27,660 34,457 (19.7)
Japan 105,209 101,000 4.2
Korea 257,332 198,396 29.7
Taiwan 51,734 46,792 10.6
South Asia 13,508 8,422 60.4
Bangladesh 623 497 25.4
India 9,809 5,435 80.5
Iran 927 836 10.9
Nepal 399 355 12.4
Pakistan 718 470 52.8
Sri Lanka 1,032 829 24.5
Middle East 16,116 13,351 20.7
Bahrain 1,014 963 5.3
Egypt 307 207 48.3
Jordan 186 134 38.8
Kuwait 1,465 1,113 31.6
Qatar**** 914 825 --
Saudi Arabia 8,429 6,728 25.3
United Arab Emirates 3,801 3,381 12.4
North America 150,376 148,611 1.2
Canada 21,294 19,837 7.3
Mexico 335 276 21.4
United States of America 128,747 128,498 0.2
Continued
2011 2010
(Decrease)
South America 946 827 14.4
Argentina 166 170 (2.4)
Brazil 473 395 19.7
Colombia 171 154 11.0
Peru 79 60 31.7
Venezuela 57 48 18.8
Europe 84,443 76,013 11.1
Western Europe 35,562 32,959 7.9
Austria 2,252 2,547 (11.6)
Belgium 3,176 2,830 12.2
France 6,647 6,135 8.3
Germany 13,383 12,427 7.7
Luxembourg 202 216 (6.5)
Netherlands 5,159 4,670 10.5
Switzerland 4,743 4,134 14.7
Northern Europe 34,741 30,351 14.5
Denmark 2,298 2,009 14.4
Finland 731 591 23.7
Ireland 1,319 1,179 11.9
Norway 3,774 3,359 12.4
Sweden 2,285 1,978 15.5
United Kingdom 24,334 21,235 14.6
Southern Europe 8,348 7,659 9.0
Greece 468 506 (7.5)
Italy 3,759 3,245 15.8
Portugal 237 331 (28.4)
Spain 3,884 3,577 8.6
Eastern Europe 4,002 3,562 12.4
Commonwealth
of Independent States 710 1,027 (30.9)
Russian Federation*** 2,818 2,004 40.6
Total (CIS and Russia) 3,528 3,031 16.4
Poland 474 531 (10.7)
Eastern Mediterranean Europe***** 1,790 1,482 20.8
Israel 1,111 935 18.8
Turkey 679 547 --
Australasia/Pacific 50,797 44,666 13.7
Australia 37,007 30,858 19.9
Guam 10,062 10,415 (3.4)
Nauru 2 6 -
New Zealand 2,820 2,457 14.8
Papua New Guinea 906 930 (2.6)
Continued
Table 3.1 -- Continued
62
2010 2010
(Decrease)
Africa 1,055 837 26.0
Nigeria 358 160 123.8
South Africa 697 677 3.0
Other unspecified
residences 13,302 10,783 23.4
**** - Prior to 2009, Statistics from this country were lumped under "Other"
***** - Grouping from UNWTO; prior to 2009, statistics from Israel were lumped under "Middle East"'
and statistics from Turkey were lumped under "Others"
Notes: * - Philippine passport holders permanently residing abroad; excludes overseas Filipino workers.
** - Prior to April 2003, statistics from this country includes, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, and Macedonia.
*** - Prior to July 2006, Russia arrivals were lumped under "CIS" and prior to August 2006,
Estonia, Latvia and Turkmenistan ariivals were lumped under "CIS"
Source: Department of Tourism
TABLE 3.2 Visitor Arrivals by Country of Residence: September 2010 and 2011
September 2011 September 2010 Percent
Country of Residence Percent Percent Increase/
Volume to Total Volume to Total (Decrease)
GRAND TOTAL 284,040 100.0 247,191 100.0 14.9
Overseas Filipinos* 10,040 3.5 11,941 4.8 (15.9)
Asia 182,087
64.1
150,946
61.1 20.6
ASEAN 26,927 9.5 23,979 9.7 12.3
Brunei 320 0.1 369 0.1 (13.3)
Cambodia 196 0.1 162 0.1 21.0
Indonesia 3,006 1.1 2,772 1.1 8.4
Laos 85 - 67 - 26.9
Malaysia 7,582 2.7 7,098 2.9 6.8
Myanmar 329 0.1 208 0.1 58.2
Singapore 11,152 3.9 9,303 3.8 19.9
Thailand 2,743 1.0 2,609 1.1 5.1
Vietnam 1,514 0.5 1,391 0.6 8.8
East Asia 150,079 52.8 123,092 49.8 21.9
China 20,939 7.4 11,502 4.7 82.0
Hong Kong 8,257 2.9 7,776 3.1 6.2
Japan 33,059 11.6 32,127 13.0 2.9
Korea 71,683 25.2 57,618 23.3 24.4
Taiwan 16,141 5.7 14,069 5.7 14.7
Continued
South Asia 9,354 3.3 7,831 3.2 19.4
Bangladesh 222 0.1 108 0.0 105.6
India 2,911 1.0 1,494 0.6 94.8
Iran 236 0.1 207 0.1 14.0
Nepal 144
0.1
106
0.0 35.8
Pakistan 200 0.1 98 0.0 104.1
Sri Lanka 442 0.2 248 0.1 78.2
Middle East 5,081
1.8
3,875
1.6 31.1
Bahrain 311 0.1 261 0.1 19.2
Egypt 97 - 54 0.0 79.6
Jordan 56
-
27
0.0 107.4
Kuwait 497 0.2 328 0.1 51.5
Qatar**** 252 0.1 285 0.1 (11.6)
Saudi Arabia 2,898
1.0
1,983
0.8 46.1
United Arab Emirates 970
0.3
937
0.4 3.5
North America 43,472
15.3
44,088
17.8 (1.4)
Canada 5,832 2.1 5,935 2.4 (1.7)
Mexico 153 0.1 87 0.0 75.9
United States of America 37,487
13.2
38,066
15.4 (1.5)
South America 298 0.1 280 0.1 6.4
Argentina 49 - 60 0.0 (18.3)
Brazil 162 0.1 145 0.1 11.7
Colombia 53 - 45 0.0 17.8
Peru 21 - 19 0.0 10.5
Venezuela 13 - 11 0.0 18.2
Europe 19,713 6.9 17,019 6.9 15.8
Western Europe 8,515 3.0 7,708 3.1 10.5
Austria 480 0.2 526 0.2 (8.7)
Belgium 604 0.2 589 0.2 2.5
France 1,424 0.5 1,325 0.5 7.5
Germany 3,493 1.2 3,072 1.2 13.7
Luxembourg 26 - 22 0.0 18.2
Netherlands 1,284 0.5 1,078 0.4 19.1
Switzerland 1,204 0.4 1,096 0.4 9.9
Northern Europe 9,256 3.3 8,088 3.3 14.4
Denmark 655 0.2 546 0.2 20.0
Finland 260 0.1 193 0.1 34.7
Ireland 349 0.1 349 0.1 0.0
Norway 863 0.3 849 0.3 1.6
Sweden 714 0.3 632 0.3 13.0
United Kingdom 6,415 2.3 5,519 2.2 16.2
Continued
64
Southern Europe 1,964 0.7 1,827 0.7 7.5
Greece 158 0.1 164 0.1 (3.7)
Italy 872 0.3 758 0.3 15.0
Portugal 78 0.0 108 0.0 (27.8)
Spain 856 0.3 797 0.3 7.4
Eastern Europe 1,377 0.5 1,223 0.5 12.6
Commonwealth
of Independent States 243 0.1 393 0.2 (38.2)
Russian Federation*** 952 0.2 662 0.2 (7.7)
Total (CIS and Russia) 1,195 0.3 1,055 0.4 13.3
Poland 182 0.1 168 0.1 8.3
Eastern Mediterranean Europe***** 565 0.2 477 0.2 18.4
Israel 384 0.1 311 0.1 23.5
Turkey 181 0.1 166 0.1 9.0
Australasia/Pacific 17,532 6.2 14,787 6.0 18.6
Australia 13,677 4.8 10,899 4.4 25.5
Guam 2,724 1.0 2,775 1.1 (1.8)
Nauru - - - - 100.0
New Zealand 803 0.3 712 0.3 12.8
Papua New Guinea 328 0.1 401 - (18.2)
Africa 353 0.1 202 0.1 74.8
Nigeria 101 - 37 - 173.0
South Africa 252 0.1 165 0.1 52.7
Others and unspecified
residences 4,426 1.6 3,363 1.4 31.6
**** - Prior to 2009, Statistics from this country were lumped under "Other"
***** - Grouping from UNWTO; prior to 2009, statistics from Israel were lumped under "Middle East"'
and statistics from Turkey were lumped under "Others"

Notes: * - Philippine passport holders permanently residing abroad; excludes overseas Filipino workers.
** - Prior to April 2003, statistics from this country includes, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia, and Macedonia.
*** - Prior to July 2006, Russia arrivals were lumped under "CIS" and prior to August 2006,
Estonia, Latvia and Turkmenistan ariivals were lumped under "CIS"
65
TABLE 3.3 Top Ten Travel Markets: Third Quarter 2010 and 2011
Third Quarter 2011 Third Quarter 2010
Volume Percent Rank Volume
to Total
Total 968,315 100.0 864,489 12.0
Korea 257,332 26.6 1 198,396 29.7
United States of America 128,747 13.3 2 128,498 0.2
Japan 105,209 10.9 3 101,000 4.2
China 66,558 6.9 4 54,495 22.1
Taiwan 51,734 5.3 5 46,792 10.6
Australia 37,007 3.8 6 30,858 19.9
Singapore 34,211 3.5 7 28,802 18.8
Hong Kong 27,660 2.9 8 34,457 (19.7)
United Kingdom 24,334 2.5 9 21,235 14.6
Malaysia 23,272 2.4 10 20,710 12.4
Other Countries 212,251 21.9 199,246 6.5
TRAVEL AND TOURISM
Percent
Increase/
Decrease
TABLE 3.4 Average Occupancy Rates of Hotels in Metro Manila by Classification
Classification
Overall Average
Difference Third Quarter Third Quarter
2011 2010
Occupancy Rates 63.63 60.95 2.68
Length of stay (in Nights) 2.49 2.38 0.11
De luxe
Length of stay 3.15 2.83 0.32
First Class
Standard
Economy
Length of stay 1.92 2.01 (0.09)
66

Welfare Benefits
and Services
Second Quarter 2011

Introduction

All government agencies and
non-government organizations (NGOs)
are mandated to spearhead programs,
projects, and services for the welfare of
the more-often-neglected sectors of
society.

On the forefront of these
agencies and organizations is an Inter-
Agency Committee chaired by the
Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD) tasked to oversee
the foregoing thrusts that seek to
promote the rights and full participation
of these neglected sectors.

The DSWD is mandated to
provide social protection, assistance, and
augmentation needs to disadvantaged

individuals, families, groups, and
communities. It is also incumbent on the
agency to provide support to local
government units (LGUs), non-
government organizations (NGOs), other
national government agencies (NGAs),
peoples organizations (POs), and other
members of the civil society to effectively
implement programs, projects, and
services to these marginalized sectors of
the society.

Child and youth welfare
programs of the government are
specifically led by the Bureau of Child
and Youth Welfare (BCYW) which cares
for the abandoned, neglected, disturbed,
and the exploited and abused youth.
Among the services accorded the
disadvantaged youth offenders, child
prostitutes, and street children are the
following:

Psychosocial recovery and social
reintegration of sexually abused
and exploited children -
reintegration of child victims to the
family and the community

The Child Help Intervention and
Protective Services (CHIPS) offer
crisis intervention and therapy; its
services can be accessed in all 17
regions via hotlines provided and
also through the Bantay Bata
program

Assistance to disadvantaged
children of mixed parentage in the
form of skills training, livelihood
assistance, psychological
interventions, and assistance
relative to their citizenship.
Department arrangements enable a
Section IV - SOCIAL WELFARE
AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 67

number of disadvantaged
transnational children like
Amerasians to locate foreigner
parents, or at best, to reunite
children with their parents abroad.
This service facilitates childrens
reintegration into the community

Community-based rehabilitation for
children in conflict with the law
affords diverse options to prevent
juvenile offenders from breaking the
law

Sulong Dunong sa Kabataan
assists youths to finish high school
or head into technical or vocational
livelihood training

Local and intercountry adoption and
alternative family care services
nurture abandoned and neglected
children by placing them in the care
of foster parents. With adoption,
abandoned and unregistered
children earn the right to the family
name and nationality of foster
parents

Devolved services for children and
youth look after preschoolers in day
care centers and provide them
supplemental feeding. They also
service street children and
delinquent youths with medical
attention, livelihood opportunities,
and counseling services

Retained Community-Based
Program

Child Care and Placement
Services. These services provide
alternative parental care to abandoned,
neglected, and abused children, thus,
restoring their right to a family, name,
and nationality. Particular interventions
employed under these services include
local adoption, intercountry adoption,
temporary parental care through foster
care, and legal guardianship.

Adoption is a socio-legal process
which enables a child, who cannot be
reared by his biological or natural
parents, to acquire a legal status wherein
he can benefit from new relationship with
a permanent family. Local adoption is
adoption within the country. Intercountry
adoption is adoption outside the country.

Foster care is the provision of
planned substitute parental care for a
child by a licensed foster family when his
or her biological parents cannot care for
him for a certain period of time.

Legal guardianship is a socio-
legal process of providing substitute
parental care through the appointment of
a legal guardian of the child and his
property until child reaches the age of
majority.

Protective Custody. This is a
service provided to children whose
parents are unable to provide the
required protection and whose conditions
demonstrate observable evidence of
injurious effects of the failure to meet the
childrens basic needs. Immediate
intervention is provided to a child who is
abandoned, neglected, physically or
sexually abused or exploited, to prevent
further abuse and exploitation, and to
assist the child and family to overcome
the trauma of such experiences.

Other than these programs for the
youth and children, the DSWD also
provides support to the disadvantaged
and marginalized women sector of the
society.

Services for women-in-especially
difficult-circumstances (WEDC) were
launched in response to the emerging
needs of women in this sector. This is to
empower them to avoid high-risk, violent,
and dangerous incidents as well as to
equip and prepare them physically and
emotionally as they return to their
families.


Marginalized families, on the
other hand, become beneficiaries under
the following services by program or
project:

Locally-Funded Project

Comprehensive and Integrated
Delivery of Social Services (CIDSS) is a
pro poor program which seeks to
empower targeted families and
communities to enable them to meet their
minimum basic needs (MBNs), improve
their quality of living, and contribute to
reduction in poverty.

Enabling acts were issued to
raise the level of awareness of the
general public and policymakers on
ageing, on the needs of persons with
disabilities (PWDs), and on the
prevention of discrimination and abuse of
older persons (OPs). All government
agencies and non-government
organizations (NGOs) are mandated to
spearhead programs, projects, and
services for their welfare, thus bringing
these more-often-neglected sectors into
the mainstream of society.

On the forefront of these
agencies and organizations is the Inter-
Agency Committee chaired by the
Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD) tasked to oversee
the foregoing thrusts that seek to
promote the rights, full participation,
and equality for OPs and PWDs.
Moreover, Batas Pambansa 344,
otherwise known as the Accessibility
Law, provides for friendly facilities for the
OPs and PWDs such as:

Well-lit government buildings
Readable sign boards
Specially-built and -designed comfort
rooms
Ramps
Improved architectural designs of
government buildings to facilitate
access of OPs and PWDs
Nonformal education
Livelihood
Vocational skills training for
employment purposes
Care-giving training for family
members
Counseling, professional guidance
and family therapy
Specialized skills training
for professionals and service
providers
Protection and safety program.

Analysis of Table

Number of disadvantaged children
served dents

2
nd
qtr 2011 2
nd
qtr 2011 2
nd
qtr 2011

2
nd
qtr 2010

A total of 17,385 disadvantaged
children (DC) were served and given
augmentation support in various regions
in the second quarter of 2011. Compared
with that of second quarter 2010, this
was a slight decrease of 161 children or
0.9 percent.

The National Capital Region
(NCR) topped the list with the most
14,782
2,603
15,075
2,471
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Community-based
programs
Center/institution
based services
N
u
m
b
e
r
FIGURE 1 Number of Disadvantaged Children
Served by Program/Project/Service
2
nd
qtr 2011
2
nd
qtr 2010
SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 69

number of DC served at 4,634 or 26.7
percent of the total. CALABARZON
followed with 2,323 or 13.4 percent
served, while Central Luzon served 11.8
percent. Closely tailing is MIMAROPA at
8.3 percent. Two other regions served
more than the thousand mark. Caraga
served the least with 150 DC (0.8%).

Those served under community-
based programs, were reported to be
greater than those at centers or
institutions, 14,782 or 85.0 percent
against a total of 2,603 (14.9%) from
that of center-based programs. NCR
remained the biggest recipient of
services in the community as 3,656
(24.7%) DC were served (Table 4.1).

Number of disadvantaged youth
served down 26.2 percent

A total of 3,214 disadvantaged
youth (DY) were served in the second
quarter of 2011. Compared with that of
the second quarter of 2010, this was
1.137 less or a decrease of 26.2 percent.

Among those served were 2,155
(67.1%) served under community-based
programs and the rest, 1,059 (32.9%) in
center or institution-based programs.

Across regions, the biggest
recipient of welfare benefits for its
disadvantaged youth was the
Zamboanga Peninsula with 1,143
(35.6%)) and Western Visayas with 556
(17.3%). The least was seen in
SOCCSKSARGEN and the Bicol Region
with only 31 apiece (0.9%) (Table 4.2).

Disadvantaged women served
decreases by more than half
percent

Disadvantaged women (DW)
numbering 12,192 were served under
the community- and center-based
programs in the second quarter 2011.
This was less than four thousand or a
decrease of 59.6 percent vis--vis that of
the second quarter 2010. By program,
those served under community-based
programs totaled 11,169 or 91.6 percent,
while those served under center-based
programs numbered 1,023 (8.4%).

Among regions, NCR reported
the most number of beneficiaries with
5,543 or 45.5 percent of the total women
served . The least was seen
SOCCSSARGEN which reported 21 or
0.2 percent (Table 4.3).

2
nd
qtr 2011

Number of persons with disabilities
served increases by 59.0 percent

The community- and center-
based programs of the government
served a total of 1,439 persons with
disabilities (PWDs) during the second
quarter of 2011. Compared with the
same period in 2010, number of those
served increased by more than half, 59.5
percent.

In the same period, NCR
reported the biggest number of those
served at 1,043 or 72.5 percent. Central
Visayas was a far second with those
served at 137 or 9.6 percent.

FIGURE 2 Number of Women Served
by Program/Projects/Service
11169
1023
6755
885
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Communit y-based
programs
Cent er/ inst it ut ion based
services
N
u
m
b
e
r
2
nd
qtr 2011
2
nd
qtr 2010

Center-based programs got the
lions share wth 97.8 percent (1,408),
while community-based served 31 or
only 2.2 percent of beneficiaries (Table
4.4).

Senior citizens served loses 18.0
percent

A total of 1,804 senior citizens
(SCs) were served during the second
quarter of 2011 under the community-
and center or institution-based programs.
Compared with that of 2011 second
quarter, this was a loss of 18.0 percent.

By program, those served under
community-based programs numbered
the most at 1,352 or by almost 75.0
percent.

Regional tally showed NCR with
a fourth of SCs served at 452 . Other
regions followed with minimal outputs
such as CALABARZON with 443
(24.6%), Central Visayas 242 (13.4%),
and Davao Region (11.3%). Miniscule
outputs were seen in CAR (Cordillera
Autonomous Region) and Caraga with
1.1 percent each(Table 4.5).

2
nd
qtr 2011

0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
N
u
m
b
e
r
Male Female Male Female
Communit y-based
programs
Cent er/ inst it ut ion
based services
FIGURE 3 Total Number of Senior Citizens Served
in Community and Center-based Programs
by Sex: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011
2
nd
qtr 2011
2
nd
qtr 2010
71
TABLE 4.1 Number of Disadvantaged Children Served by Program/Project/Service by Sex
and by Region: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011
Region
2011
Total Number of Children Number of Children Served Number of Children Served
Served in Community in Community-based in Center/Institution Based
and Center-based Programs Programs Programs
Both Sexes Male Female Both Sexes Male Female Both Sexes Male Female
Philippines 17,385 8,100 9,285 14,782 7,020 7,762 2,603 1,080 1,523
NCR 4,634 2,304 2,330 3,656 1,771 1,885 978 533 445
CAR 402 190 212 336 165 171 66 25 41
I - Ilocos Region 891 401 490 751 346 405 140 55 85
II - Cagayan Valley 372 188 184 319 159 160 53 29 24
III - Central Luzon 2,059 931 1,128 1,658 761 897 401 170 231
IVA - CALABARZON 2,323 1,110 1,213 2,274 1,106 1,168 49 4 45
IVB - MIMAROPA 1,448 648 800 1,448 648 800 0 - -
V - Bicol Region 244 112 132 179 79 100 65 33 32
VI - Western Visayas 652 277 375 604 269 335 48 8 40
VII - Central Visayas 1,373 655 718 1,198 611 587 175 44 131
VIII - Eastern Visayas 398 176 222 289 139 150 109 37 72
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 1,079 479 600 944 440 504 135 39 96
X - Northern Mindanao 502 223 279 404 195 209 98 28 70
XI - Davao Region 641 263 378 476 222 254 165 41 124
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 217 100 117 127 67 60 90 33 57
XIII - Caraga 150 43 107 119 42 77 31 1 30
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
2010
Total Number of Children Number of Children Served Number of Children Served
Philippines 17,546 7,969 9,577 15,075 6,964 8,111 2,471 1,005 1,466
NCR 4,765 2,262 2,503 3,869 1,788 2,081 896 474 422
CAR 414 212 202 369 191 178 45 21 24
I - Ilocos Region 962 432 530 844 385 459 118 47 71
III - Central Luzon 1,878 898 980 1,542 752 790 336 146 190
IVA - CALABARZON 1,879 896 983 1,826 891 935 53 5 48
IVB - MIMAROPA 2,122 916 1,206 2,122 916 1,206 0 - -
V - Bicol Region 260 111 149 170 68 102 90 43 47
VII - Central Visayas 1,210 519 691 1,007 486 521 203 33 170
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 1,038 472 566 898 432 466 140 40 100
XI - Davao Region 726 350 376 618 308 310 108 42 66
XIII - Caraga 165 50 115 121 49 72 44 1 43
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
SOCIAL WELFARE AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
Source: Department of Social Welfare and Development
72
TABLE 4.2 Number of Youth Served by Program/Project/Service by Sex and by Region
Region
2011
Total Number of Youth Number of Youth Served Number of Youth Served
Philippines 3,214 2,576 638 2,155 1,639 516 1,059 937 122
NCR 224 112 112 0 - - 224 112 112
CAR 33 31 2 21 19 2 12 12 -
I - Ilocos Region 86 85 1 - 1 1 84 84 -
II - Cagayan Valley 47 40 7 21 14 7 26 26 -
III - Central Luzon 123 106 17 27 10 17 96 96 -
IVA - CALABARZON 337 235 102 146 44 102 191 191 -
IVB - MIMAROPA 103 62 41 103 62 41 0 - -
V - Bicol Region 31 31 - 4 4 - 27 27 -
VI - Western Visayas 556 556 - 524 516 8 40 40 -
VII - Central Visayas 251 164 87 156 79 77 95 85 10
VIII - Eastern Visayas 61 61 - 4 4 - 57 57 -
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 1,143 898 245 1,108 863 245 35 35 -
X - Northern Mindanao 38 38 - 14 14 - 24 24 -
XI - Davao Region 100 85 15 24 9 15 76 76 -
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 31 31 - - - 1 31 31 -
XIII - Caraga 41 41 - - - - 41 41 -
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
2010
Total Number of Youth Number of Youth Served Number of Youth Served
Philippines 4,351 2,060 2,291 3,460 1,286 2,174 863 774 117
NCR 1,753 312 1,441 1,528 190 1,338 225 122 103
CAR 20 19 1 20 19 1 - - -
I - Ilocos Region 127 112 15 32 17 15 95 95 -
II - Cagayan Valley 31 27 4 18 14 4 - 13 -
III - Central Luzon 83 78 5 14 9 5 69 69 -
IVA - CALABARZON 790 344 446 668 222 446 122 122 -
IVB - MIMAROPA 220 126 94 220 126 94 - - -
V - Bicol Region 32 32 - 12 12 - 20 20 -
VI - Western Visayas 36 36 - 0 - - 36 36 -
VII - Central Visayas 285 177 108 199 105 94 72 72 -
VIII - Eastern Visayas 55 55 - 9 9 - 60 46 14
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 670 526 144 636 492 144 34 34 -
X - Northern Mindanao 83 76 7 53 46 7 30 30 -
XI - Davao Region 113 87 26 47 21 26 66 66 -
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 15 15 - 0 - - - 15 -
XIII - Caraga 38 38 - 4 4 - 34 34 -
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
Note: No reported data
73
TABLE 4.3 Number of Women Served by Program/Project/Service and by Region
Region
2011
Total Number of Women Number of Women Served Number of Women Served
and Center-basedPrograms Programs Programs
Philippines 12,192 11,169 1,023
NCR 5,543 4,882 661
CAR 124 107 17
I - Ilocos Region 194 167 27
II - Cagayan Valley 476 464 12
III - Central Luzon 284 215 69
IVA - CALABARZON 1,056 1,048 8
IVB - MIMAROPA 182 182 0
V - Bicol Region 383 374 9
VI - Western Visayas 521 509 12
VII - Central Visayas 516 473 43
VIII - Eastern Visayas 257 242 15
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 952 835 117
X - Northern Mindanao 507 493 14
XI - Davao Region 1,079 1,065 14
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 21 21 -
XIII - Caraga 97 92 5
ARMM - - -
2010
Total Number of Women Number of Women Served Number of Women Served
and Center-basedPrograms Programs Programs
Philippines 7,640 6,755 885
NCR 625 23 602
CAR 89 82 7
I - Ilocos Region 261 210 51
II - Cagayan Valley 240 232 8
III - Central Luzon 351 317 34
IVA - CALABARZON 794 787 7
IVB - MIMAROPA 349 349 -
V - Bicol Region 571 560 11
VI - Western Visayas 112 99 13
VII - Central Visayas 514 472 42
VIII - Eastern Visayas 54 37 17
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 631 595 36
X - Northern Mindanao 569 551 18
XI - Davao Region 2,349 2,340 9
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 32 20 12
XIII - Caraga 99 81 18
ARMM - - -
74
TABLE 4.4 Number of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) Served by Program/Project/Service
by Sex and by Region: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011
Region
2011
Total Number of PWDs Number of PWDs Served Number of PWDs Served
Philippines 1,439 689 750 31 15 16 1,408 674 734
NCR 1,043 489 554 4 0 4 1,039 489 550
CAR 5 2 3 4 2 2 1 0 1
I - Ilocos Region 92 47 45 6 3 3 86 44 42
III - Central Luzon 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
IVA - CALABARZON 5 4 1 5 4 1 0 0 0
IVB - MIMAROPA 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
V - Bicol Region 2 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 76 30 46 4 2 2 72 28 44
XI - Davao Region 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
XIII - Caraga 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
2010
Total Number of PWDs Number of PWDs Served Number of PWDs Served
Philippines 902 689 750 31 15 16 829 674 738
NCR 566 489 554 4 0 4 1,043 489 554
CAR 16 2 3 4 2 2 1 0 1
I - Ilocos Region 91 47 45 6 3 3 86 44 42
IVA - CALABARZON 12 4 1 5 4 1 0 0 0
IVB - MIMAROPA 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
V - Bicol Region 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 0 0
XI - Davao Region 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1
XIII - Caraga 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
75
TABLE 4.5 Number of Senior Citizens (SCs) Served by Program/Project/Service by Sex
and by Region: Second Quarter 2010 and 2011
Region
2011
Total Number of SCs Number of SCs Served Number of SCs Served
Philippines 1,804 900 904 1,352 716 636 452 184 268
NCR 452 365 87 363 325 38 89 40 49
CAR 20 8 12 20 8 12 0 0 0
I - Ilocos Region 22 12 10 22 12 10 0 0 0
IVA - CALABARZON 443 154 289 187 62 125 256 92 164
IVB - MIMAROPA 34 11 23 34 11 23 0 0 0
V - Bicol Region 78 21 57 78 21 57 0 0 0
XI - Davao Region 203 89 114 147 56 91 56 33 23
XIII - Caraga 20 11 9 20 11 9 0 0 0
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
2010
Total Number of SCs Number of SCs Served Number of SCs Served
Philippines 2,199 737 1,462 2,058 662 1,396 141 75 66
NCR 1,014 256 950 973 234 925 47 22 25
CAR 12 7 5 12 7 5 0 0 0
I - Ilocos Region 49 20 55 49 20 55 0 0 0
IVA - CALABARZON 94 149 238 94 65 64 258 84 174
IVB - MIMAROPA 105 21 39 105 21 39 0 0 0
V - Bicol Region 87 14 65 87 14 65 0 0 0
XI - Davao Region 242 183 221 191 155 201 48 28 20
XIII - Caraga 27 1 5 27 1 5 0 0 0
ARMM - - - - - - - - -
76

Education Indicators
Academic Years
2006-207 and 2007-2008

Introduction

Education plays a remarkable
role in growing economies. As
businesses become increasingly
education-based, learning or instruction
carries a greater burden in improving skill
and competitiveness of the people.

In the Philippines, the elementary
education program is created to give six
years of basic literacy, numeric thinking,
and work skills to improve the childrens
learning capabilities and values.
Graduates of the elementary course are
accepted to the secondary course. This
level is the continuation of general
education given in the elementary level
and helps as a preparation for vocational
or college education. Those who have
completed secondary education can be
admitted to the collegiate or university
level.

Public education is entirely
subsidized by the national government
as mandated by the Constitution while
private schools are run by independent
entities.

Two government bodies
supervise the countrys educational
system. The Department of Education
(DepEd) administers preschool,
elementary, and secondary schools while
the Commission on Higher Education
(CHED) manages tertiary and other
higher education institutions.

Various indicators assess the
capability of the Philippine educational
system in terms of objectivity,
competency, and sufficient delivery.
Indicators such as net participation rate
and cohort survival rate are used every
school year to measure system
improvement.

Definition of Terms

Net participation rate at the
elementary level the proportion of the
number of enrolees 7-12 years old to
population 7-12 years old

Net participation rate at the
secondary level the proportion of the
number of enrolees 13-16 years old to
the population 13-16 years old

Cohort survival rate at the
elementary level the proportion of
enrolees at the beginning grade which
reach the final grade at the end of the
required number of years of study

Cohort survival rate at the
secondary level the proportion of
enrolees at the beginning year which

Section V EDUCATION AND CULTURE
EDUCATION AND CULTURE 77

FIGURE 1 Net Participation Rate in Public and Private Elementary Schools AY
2006-2007 and 2007-2008
0
20
40
60
80
100
2007-2008
2006-2007

reach the final year at the end of the
required number of years of study.

Analysis of Tables

Participation rate of elementary
school pupils increases by 1.9 percent

Approximately 84.8 percent of
Filipino children, ages seven to 12 were
enrolled in public and private elementary
schools for school year (SY) 2007-2008.
The participation rate of elementary
inclined by 1.9 percentage points from
the 83.2 percent recorded the previous
SY (Table 5.1).

NCR caps elementary schools
participation rate

Among regions, National Capital
Region (NCR) exhibited the highest net
participation rate in elementary schools
with 94.4 percent. CALABARZON and
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(ARMM) came second with both 94.0
percent. Central Luzon came after with
91.4 percent. Meanwhile, Western
Visayas registered the least net
participation rate with 75.4 percent
(Table 5.1).

Participation rate of secondary school
students inclines by 2.9 percentage
points
Some 60.3 percent of the high
school students were enrolled for the SY
2007-2008. This was an increase of
about 2.9 percentage points from the
58.6 recorded the previous SY (Table
5.2).

NCR posts highest secondary school
participation rate

As expected, the NCR, the
countrys center of learning, accounted
for the highest participation rate in
secondary schools with 80.2 percent,
followed by CALABARZON with 73.9
percent. Central Luzon came third with
70.8 percent. On fourth place is Ilocos
Region with 67.6 percent. ARMM, on the
other hand, showed the least with 34.6
percent (Table 5.2).

Cohort survival rate in elementary
school level increases by 2.5 percent

Based on the DepEds report, 75
out of 100 Filipino first graders (75.3%)
reached the elementary sixth grade in SY
2007-2008. This was a 2.5 percentage
point increase from the 73.4 percent
registered in SY 2006-2007.


FIGURE 2 Cohort Survival Rate in Public and Private Secondary Schools
AY 2006-2007 and 2007-2008
0
20
40
60
80
100
2007-2008
2006-2007
NCR has the highest cohort survival
rate in elementary school

The top five regions with the
highest cohort survival rate in elementary
school level were NCR with 87.8 percent
or a 2.1 percentage points decrease from
the 89.7 percent recorded previously. It
was followed by Ilocos Region with 83.9
percent or a 1.3 percentage points
increase from that of 82.8 percent. On
third place was Central Luzon with 82.8
percent or a 1.1 percentage points
decrease from the 83.8 registered the
former SY. On fourth and fifth place
were CALABARZON and Central
Visayas with 81.4 and 81.0 percent,
respectively. Meanwhile, ARMM had the
least with 45.5 percent in SY 2007-2008
or a 34.1 percentage points increase
reflected the previous SY (Table 5.3).

Cohort survival rate in secondary
school level increases by 3.3 percent

In the secondary school level,
almost 80 out of 100 first year high
school students (79.9%) in current SY
reached fourth year high school. This is
3.3 percentage points higher than the
77.3 percent revealed the previous SY.

Ilocos Region registers the highest
cohort survival rate in high school
with 86.5 percent

Across regions, the highest
cohort survival rate was recorded in
Ilocos Region with 86.5 percent or a 2.8
percentage points increase from the 84.2
percent it registered the previous SY.
CALABARZON followed with 85.1
percent or a mere 0.4 percentage points
less than the 85.4 percent recorded
previously. On third place was National
Capital Region with 83.8 percent or an
increase of 7.1 percentage points from
that of 78.2 percent noted the previous
SY. Managing above the 80 percent
were Cagayan Valley, Central Luzon,
and Western Visayas with 81.4, 81.3,
and 81.1 percent, respectively. Western
Mindanao had the lowest cohort survival
rate at 73.2 percent.

The two school years saw
Cordillera Administrative Region and
Zamboanga Peninsula illustrating
dwindling cohort survival rates with 5.6
and 3.0 percentage points losses,
respectively. On the other hand, the
ARMM exhibited a remarkable 78.2
percent gain in cohort survival rate.

Promotion of Culture
and Arts

The National Commission for the
Culture and the Arts (NCCA) is the
overall policy, coordinating and grants
giving agency for the preservation,

development, and promotion of cultural
and artistic development, conservation of
the nations historical and cultural
heritage, nationwide dissemination of
artistic and cultural products, and
preservation and integration of traditional
culture as part of the national cultural
mainstream.

The Pillars of Culture

Cultural Center

The Cultural Center of the
Philippines (CCP) is the national center
for the performing arts. It is headed by
Mr. Raul M. Sunico. CCP is mandated to
promote excellence in the arts through
the initiation and implementation of
activities that aim to improve and elevate
standards among cultural workers,
artists, and audiences and to recognize
the multiplicity and differences of
aesthetic experiences and standards
encompassing the arts from grassroots
to those formulated by academy-trained
artists.

The CCP was created in 1966
through Executive Order No. 30, with the
purpose of promoting and preserving
Filipino arts and culture. It was formally
inaugurated on September 8, 1969,
starting a three month long inaugural
festival opened by the epic musical
Dularawan. Since then, the CCP has
sought to truly embody its logo of
katotohanan (truth), kagandahan
(beauty), and kabutihan (goodness). The
best artists from all over the country and
around the world have graced the CCP
theaters and galleries, enthralling
Filipinos for over thirty years.

The CCP is attached to the Office
of the President and is under the
umbrella of the NCCA for policy and
program coordination. Performing
companies representing dance, music,
and theater reside within the CCP. It has
four resident dance companies, namely:
Ballet Philippines, Philippine Ballet
Theater, the Ramon Obusan Folkloric
Group, and the Bayanihan Philippine
National Folk Dace Company.
Tanghalang Pilipino is the CCPs
resident theater company while music is
represented by the Philippine
Philharmonic Orchestra, the UST
Symphony Orchestra, the Philippine
Madrigal Singers and the National Music
Competitions for Young Artists
Foundation (NAMCYA).

The CCP continues to nurture
and promote artistic excellence, Filipino
aesthetics and identity, and cultural
values towards a humanistic global
society. With the CCP Business and
Master Development Plan now being
implemented, the CCP complex is poised
to truly becoming a mecca for arts and
culture in Asia.

The CCP is located along Roxas
Boulevard in Pasay City.

National Museum

The National Museum (NM) is
tasked with the preservation,
conservation, and protection of movable
and immovable cultural properties and
for the enjoyment of present and future
generations. To accomplish this, the
National Museum offers publications,
exhibitions, library services, seminar
workshops, and others.

The National Museum has a
three-dimensional goal covering diverse
fields of knowledge through various
educational, scientific, and cultural
activities. As an educational institution,
the National Museum disseminates
scientific and technical knowledge in -
more understandable and practical forms
through lectures, exhibitions, interviews,
and publications for students and the
general public.

The National Museum is
envisioned as the premier institution and
repository of our heritage, and as an

exciting, informative, and enjoyable place
to visit a place that inspires people to
learn from our traditions so as to help
shape a better future.

It is also dedicated to the mission
of collecting, preserving, studying,
interpreting, and exhibiting the cultural
and natural history specimens of the
Philippines, from the historic times to the
present.

The National Museum is
composed of the National Art Gallery, the
Museum of the Filipino People, the
Planetarium and regional branches in
Angono, Padre Burgos, Tuguegarao,
Kabayan, Kiangan, Magsingal, Bolinao,
Palawan, Butuan, La Union, Puerto
Galera, Cagsawa, Fort San Pedro, Fort
Pilar, Marinduque, Jolo, Malasag and
Escalante.

The National Museum whose
Director is Jeremy Robert M. Barns is
located on Padre Burgos Drive in Manila.

National Library

The National Library of the
Philippines (NLP) serves as the countrys
premier repository of printed and
recorded materials which reflect the
intellectual, literary, and cultural heritage
of the Philippines as well as the
knowledge and wisdom of people
elsewhere in the world.

While acquiring and maintaining
a comprehensive national collection of
library resources, the NLP promotes
access to these research and information
materials and makes them available for
the use of the present and future
generations of Filipinos.

The NLP aims to acquire and
preserve all Filipiniana materials; provide
national and international bibliographic
services; organize, supervise, and
develop the public libraries and
information centers throughout the
country; and provide information,
reference and research resources to the
public.

On March 9, 1900, the American
Circulating Library was established in
Manila as a memorial to American
servicemen who died in Philippine soil.
The library was organized by Mrs.
Charles R. Greenleaf and its first librarian
was Nellie Young Egbert. The American
Military Governor in the Philippines, by
the authority vested in him by the United
States Philippine Commission through
Public Act. No.96 passed on March 5,
1901, accepted the Circulating Library as
a donation of the American Circulating
Library Association to the government.

Public Law Act. No. 1935
provided for the the consolidation of all
libraries belonging to any branch of the
Philippine government for the creation of
the Philippine Library, and for the
maintenance of the same, and other
purposes. To carry out the provisions of
this law, a Library Board was constituted
consisting of the Secretary of the Public
Instruction, the Secretary of Interior, the
Secretary of Finance and Justice, and
the other members to be appointed
annually by the Governor General.

The NLP building is located along
T.M. Kalaw St. Ermita, Manila. Its
Director is Antonio M. Santos

National Historical Commission

The National Historical
Commission of the Philippines (NHCP)
was created in 1972 initially as the
National Historical Institute to integrate
the diverse functions of various historical
agencies. NHCP now, by virtue of
Republic Act 10086, is responsible for
the conservation and preservation of the
countrys historical legacies.

The NHCP, as an arm in the
culture and development agenda of the
government, envisions a Filipino society

with citizens informed of their history,
who love their country and proud of their
cultural heritage.

Its mission is the promotion of
Philippine history and cultural heritage
through research, dissemination,
conservation, sites management and
heraldry works. It aims to inculcate
awareness and appreciation of the noble
deeds and ideas of our heroes and other
illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in the
Filippino race and to rekindle the Filipino
spirit through the lessons of history.

The NHCP is mandated to
undertake research and publication of
Philippine historical works; educational
activities on historical events and
personages; restoration, preservation,
and conservation of movable and
immovable objects of historical value and
implementation of the National Historic
Act of the Philippines (P.D. 260 and
P.D.1505); administration of historic
sites, structures and memorabilia of
national heroes; and blazoning of
government symbols and implementation
of Republic Act 8491 or The Flag and
Heraldic Code of the Philippines.

The NHCP is located along
T.M.Kalaw St. in Ermita, Manila. Its
Chairperson is Maria Serena I. Diokno.

National Archives

The National Archives of the
Philippines (NAP or Pambansang
Sinupan ng Pilipinas) is the official
repository of the nations permanent
records and records of archival and
historical value.

The task of guaranteeing that
documents and records are stored
indexed and made accessible to the
public lies with the National Archives of
the Philippines. As such, it also has the
lofty goal of preserving evidence of our
Filipino heritage.

On December 10, 1898, with the
turnover of the Philippines from Spanish
to American rule, the treaty of Paris
established the Office of Archives. With
the passing of Philippine Commission Act
No. 273 on October 21, 1901, this office
soon became known as the Bureau of
Archives. At that time the archives was
under the Department of Public
Instructions which is now known as the
Department of Education.

On May 21, 2007, the National
Archives of the Philippines Act of 2007
(RA 9470) gave the archives its current
moniker and strengthened the
government record-keeping system and
the public and private administration of
archival records in the Philippines.

Today, in implementing its
mandate, the Archives undertakes a two-
pronged approach where effective
records management goes hand in hand
with the development of a sense of pride
in ones heritage. To achieve its goals,
the Archives partners with other
government agencies to set up programs
that aim to instill into youth a sense of
appreciation for heritage resources.

The NAP is located along T.M.
Kalaw St., Ermita, Manila. Its Executive
Director is Victorino M. Manalo

Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino

Established by virtue of Republic
Act 7104 (August 14, 1991) as mandated
in the Constitution of the Philippines, the
Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (KWF) is
tasked to undertake, coordinate, and
promote researches for the development,
propagation, and preservation of Filipino
and other Philippine languages.

It is the mission of the KWF to
formulate, coordinate and implement
research programs/projects to enhance
the further development and enrichment
of Filipino as a medium of general

communication as well as for intellectual
pursuits. It is the KWFs vision to make
Filipino a modern language, which can
be used as an effective instrument for
national development.

KWF started as Surian ng Wikang
Pambansa (SWP), established through
Commonwealth Act 184, signed by then
President Manuel L. Quezon on
November 13, 1936, with an aim of
choosing a native language which will
serve as basis for a national language of
the Philippines. On January 1987, SWP
was renamed Linangan ng mga Wika ng
Pilipinas. In August 14, 1991, KWF was
formed.

KWF is at the second floor of
Watson Building, 1610 J.P. Laurel Street,
San Miguel, Manila. The Chairman of the
Commission is Jose Laderas Santos.

Source: National Commission for Culture
and the Arts, Agung, September-December
2011

83
Region
Academic Years Academic Years
2007-2008 2006-2007
Philippines 84.84 83.22
NCR 94.42 92.89
CAR 81.50 80.86
I - Ilocos Region 83.14 82.74
II - Cagayan Valley 77.53 77.70
III - Central Luzon 91.37 89.14
IVA - CALABARZON 94.02 92.36
IVB - MIMAROPA 84.07 83.84
V - Bicol Region 85.41 83.80
VI - Western Visayas 75.44 74.96
VII - Central Visayas 80.28 78.87
VIII - Eastern Visayas 79.19 78.15
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 78.99 77.59
X - Northern Mindanao 80.60 78.96
XI - Davao Region 77.38 75.89
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 78.65 76.35
XIII - Caraga 78.69 77.76
ARMM 94.01 85.82
Region
Academic Years Academic Years
2007-2008 2006-2007
NCR 80.16 75.12
CAR 57.04 59.10
ARMM 34.58 32.56
EDUCATION AND CULTURE
Table 5.1 Net Participation Rate in Public and Private Elementary Schools by Region
Academic Years 2006-2007 and 2007-2008
Source: Department of Education
TABLE 5.2 Net Participation Rate in Public and Private Secondary Schools by Region
84
TABLE 5.3 Cohort Survival Rate in Public and Private Elementary Schools by Region
Region
Academic Year Academic Year
2007-2008 2006-2007
NCR 87.84 89.71
CAR 73.62 76.38
ARMM 45.47 33.90
TABLE 5.4 Cohort Survival Rate in Public and Private Secondary Schools by Region
Discipline Group Academic Year Academic Year
2007-2008 2006-2007
NCR 83.76 78.20
CAR 78.98 83.69
ARMM 73.53 41.26
85

Health and Vital Indicators
2011

Introduction

The Department of Health (DOH)
is the principal health agency in the
Philippines. It is responsible for ensuring
access to basic public health services to
all Filipinos through the provision of
quality health care and regulation of
providers of health goods and services.

Given the mandate, the DOH is
both a stakeholder in the health sector
and a policy and regulatory body for
health. As a major player, it is a technical
resource, a catalyst for health policy and
a political sponsor and advocate for
health issues.

Furthermore, the DOH has an on-
going program that recruits physicians
and other health practitioners to join

government service and be fielded in
rural, hard-to-reach, and economically
underdeveloped areas.

On the other hand, the production
of vital statistics comprises a system of
operations in which the registration of
vital events is an important component.
The system begins with the registration
followed by the processing and
controlling of vital records and ends with
the compilation and analysis of vital
statistics.

Under Commonwealth Act (CA)
591, the Bureau of Census, now the
National Statistics Office (NSO) is
mandated to generate general purpose
statistics and to carry out and administer
the Civil Registration Act.

Definition of Terms

Health may refer to the
soundness and general well-being of
body and mind. Securing good health for
people is one way of ensuring welfare
and development for the country as a
whole. It is, therefore, imperative upon
the government to make provisions and
invest in health welfare activities.

Vital statistics, on the other
hand, are derived from information
obtained at the time when the
occurrences of vital events and their
characteristics are inscribed in a civil
register.

Vital acts and events are the
births, deaths, fetal deaths, marriages, and
all such events that have something to do
with an individual's entrance and departure

Section VI HEALTH, NUTRITION
AND VITAL STATISTICS

from life together with the changes in civil
status that may occur to a person during
his lifetime. Recording of these events in
the civil register is known as vital or civil
registration and the resulting documents
are called vital records.

Food and Nutrition Security
A Brief Assessment

The Philippine Government
acknowledges food security gaps and a
number of line agencies have instituted
programs to address these needs. Many
of these programs are directed towards
augmenting the nutritional needs of
children. Some are intended to enhance
food supply while a few are targeted to
increase household income. Some are
done through price subsidies, while
others are more comprehensive,
targeting improvements in agricultural
infrastructure, equipment and productivity

Government Programs

The promotion of food and
nutrition security may be categorized into
four areas: 1) Feeding Programs; 2)
Nutrient Fortification; 3) Information,
Education and Nutrition Awareness; and
4) Food Production.

Feeding Programs

Food for School Program (FSP)
FSP is implemented under
Accelerated Hunger Mitigation Program
(AHMP) by the Department of Education
(DEpEd) and Department of Social
Welfare and Development (DSWD) to
address hunger by providing food
subsidies to schoolchildren per day of
school (for 120 days) in DepEd-
supervised day care centers while
encouraging school attendance. These
food subsidies provide a ration of one (1)
kilogram of iron-fortified rice to each pupil
from Grades 1-6.

Nutrient Fortification

Nutripan sa Eskwelahan
It is a self-sustainable school or
community bakery serving affordable
iron- and Vitamin A-fortified bread and
biscuits to schoolchildren. This program
was set up following Nutrition Center of
the Philippines (NCP) research findings
of fortified bread reducing anemia and
Vitamin A deficiency. Thirty-six (36)
bakeries have so far been put up in over
30 schools in the Pangasinan, Batangas,
Quezon Province, National Capital
Region (NCR), Cebu, Negros, and
Cagayan de Oro City.

Micronutrient Supplementation
It is an intervention scheme under
the PPAN set by the NNC. It is the
distribution of Vitamin A and iron
supplements to pregnant and lactating
women, infants, and adolescents.

Food Fortification
Food fortification came with the
enactment of two laws: on compulsory
enrichment of some staples with iron
and/or Vitamin A; and a voluntary
enrichment of processed foods with the
Sangkap Pinoy Seal (SPS) approval from
the Department of Health (DOH), an
indication of the recommended amount
and type of fortification present in the
food.

Information, Education
and Nutrition Awareness

Teacher-Child-Parent Approach (TCP)
TCP is the creative dissemination
of fundamental health and nutrition
concepts through spontaneous
interaction among teachers, pupils, and
parents. Specially-designed teaching-
learning packages such as workbooks for
parents and pupils back up the efficient
delivery of health and nutrition concepts.

HEALTH, NUTRITION AND VITAL STATISTICS 87

Nutrition, Information, Education and
Communication
This intervention scheme under
PPAN is the promotion of nutrition-
related principles through multimedia
campaigns, special events, and
interpersonal communication to
preschool and schoolchildren, pre-
teenagers, teenagers, pregnant and
lactating women, mothers and care
providers. It also includes training
specialists and frontline workers (e.g.
rural and barangay health workers,
nutritionist-dietitians) and formulating
proper practices and guidelines for
nutrition education activities.

Pabasa sa Nutrisyon
It falls under BPAN where 10-12
mothers gather and discuss the
nutritional information in a Nutri-guide,
which they can use for household
reference. This 10-session activity
attempts to capacitate them to mitigate
the risk of malnutrition in their families.
The program targets mothers of
preschool and schoolchildren, of
underweight children, and the pregnant
and lactating women. Integrated
nutritional topics in subjects, school
activities and assignments further
reinforce learnings on pupils and parents.

Food Production

Alay Tanim at Pangkabuhayan
It is conducted in schools
through bio-extensive gardening,
environment-friendly food production
technologies, tree planting and
landscaping, and nursery establishment.

Home and Community Production
Home and Community
Production, an intervention scheme
under PPAN, entails the establishing of
gardens in the Filipinos homes, schools
and communities and distributing of
planting materials, small animals and
fingerlings, and providing technical help.
Such gardens are intended to increase
the supply of sources of low-cost food
rich in nutrients.

Food Always in the Home (FAITH)
FAITH encourages the building of
community, school, and home gardens,
even in containers, to attain household
food security and hunger mitigation.
Training and manuals to grow vegetables
and fruits the organic way are being
offered.

Subsidies

Tindahan Natin (TN)
It is implemented by DSWD and
National Food Authority (NFA)
collaboratively. Stores established for TN
sell cheap but good quality rice, noodles,
sugar and cooking oil in favor of the poor
communities, and provide jobs for TN
operators: SEA-K beneficiaries,
barangay councils, LGUs, community-
based associations, NGOs, existent retail
or sari-sari stores, military camps and
other organizations all registered and
accredited by apt regulating agencies.
TN has been established since January
2006 .

Rice Price Subsidy Program

This program is one of the ways
the NFA does to achieve food security as
the chief government agency with such
mandate. It ensures the selling of rice
and corn in affordable prices in
accredited market outlets: retailers,
government agencies like DSWD when
conducting feeding programs, NGOs,
NFA rolling stores, and others. NFA Rice
is made available both to the poor and
unpoor. It was revealed, however, that
the percentage of rice sold to the poor
was lower than that of the rice sold to the
non-poor. This may indicate improper
targeting of resources because of its
general subsidy.


Comprehensive and Integrated Food
Security Programs

Some government programs
intend to address food insecurity through
more integrated programs linking supply
and demand, providing support services
for productivity, and enhancing purchase
capacity.

Accelerated Hunger Mitigation Program
(AHMP)
Launched by the government in
2007, AHMP seeks to diminish food
insecurity and hunger in the country. As
such, its target beneficiaries include 42
priority provinces, identified by a
nationwide survey adopting Social
Weather Stations self-rated hunger
survey. On the supply side, it includes
increased food production and enhanced
efficiency of logistics and food delivery.
The first is addressed through seed
subsidies, repair and rehabilitation of
irrigation facilities, and technical
assistance. The second is addressed
through food depositories called
Barangay Food Terminals in Manila and
major cities in the country, TN, RO-RO
ports, farm-to-market roads, and Food for
School Program. On the demand side, it
includes putting money into poor
peoples pocketstraining,
microfinance, and upland distribution to
poor people; promoting nutrition through
education; and managing the population.

Self-Employment Assistance- Kaunlaran
(SEA-K)
Implemented under AHMPs
demand side strategy, SEA-K extends
basic management training with interest-
free, non-collateral seed fund capital to
help poor under- and unemployed
families in their income-generating
activities. This capacity-building program
stabilizes and sustains a self-managed,
community-based micro-credit
organization. Its components include
savings mobilization, capital assistance,
social preparation, and access to other
services. Five to six groups with five
members each form a SEA-K
Association (SKA) to join the program. A
capital seed fund with a maximum of
PhP150,000 may be provided to each
SKA .

Lalakas ang Katawan Sapat sa
Sustansya (LAKASS) LAKASS is the
community-based action program of
PPAN that caters to households with the
highest risk of malnutrition in the most
nutritionally-depressed municipalities. A
seed fund capital of PhP250, 000 to a
municipality for nutrition-related activities,
livelihood assistance and income-
generating projects.

Barangay Integrated Development
Approach for Nutrition Improvement
(BIDANI)
This community-based integrated
development program serves to improve
the nutritional status and living conditions
of the rural poor, to foster household-
level food security, and to reinforce the
capacity of the barangay in managing
development programs. One of its
activities included financial assistance for
micro-credit endeavors.

Credit Assistance for Livelihood

Credit Assistance for Livelihood is
also part of the intervention schemes of
PPAN that provides credit and income-
generating opportunities for poor
households having malnourished
children by connecting them with lending
and financial institutions. Livelihood
opportunities may include fruit
processing and preservation and meat
processing.

Fertilizer, Irrigation and Infrastructure,
Extension and Education, Loans, Dryers,
Seeds (FIELDS)

FIELDS is an assistance
provision for farmers and fishermen and

is directed towards stabilizing prices and
increased food availability and supply. It
comprises of six components: Fertilizer,
Irrigation and rural infrastructure,
Extension services and farmer education,
Loans, Dryers and post-harvest facilities,
Seeds and other genetic materials.

Fertilizer component advocates
balanced fertilization and sustainable
agricultural practice through farmers
trainings on producing organic fertilizer
and soil ameliorants. The second
component involves restoring and
generating hectares of land for higher
yield, as well as the rehabilitation and
construction of farm-to-market roads
leading to production areas, and fishports
and fish landings to markets. Extension
and education reaches out to farmers in
palay-producing areas yielding less than
3.8 MT per hectare.

Through Loans, farmers avail of
credit assistance with low interest rates
to buy farm inputs and machineries. The
fifth component provides for construction
and distribution of dryers and other post-
harvest facilities, maintenance and
construction of ice plants, cold storages,
fish ports and slaughterhouses. A seed
subsidy program with distribution of
inbred 18 certified rice seeds, fingerlings,
heads of animals and planting materials
comprises the last component.

CRDES is a program by the
University of the Philippines Los Baos
(UPLB), financially assisted by the
Department of Agriculture (DA), in
relation to the Philippine Rice Program
involving FIELDS. It aims to achieve self-
sufficiency of rice farmers in Regions IV-
A, IV-B, & V and to create and reinforce
partnerships among various stakeholders
(DA Regional Field Units or RFUs, state
universities and colleges or SUCs,
NGOs, farmer co-operators). It carries
out a review of FIELDS plans and
implementations in different provinces,
SUCs, and farmer co-operator groups;
joint field research; functional FIELDS
support services such as improvement of
seed production; capacity building and
partnership framework for food security
attainment; and policy and governance
studies.

At the last phase, CRDES
expects rice seed production, extension
and delivery systems to have been
mounted; agricultural networks among
provincial LGUs and SUCs instituted;
and policies on food securitydrafts of
local ordinances at the provincial level
formulated and legislated. This program
is implemented from August 2009 to
January 2012.

Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization
Program (AFMP)

(Agrikulturang Makamasa Program)
Launched in late 1998, AFMP served as
implementation of the Agriculture and
Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA)
passed as a law in 1997. Poverty
alleviation and social equity, food
security, rational use of resources,
sustainable development, global
competitiveness, people empowerment,
and protection from unfair competition
were the policys key pointswith rural
industrialization through productivity
improvement as the overall thrust.

A number of components fall
under AFMA, such as Strategic
Agriculture and Fisheries Development
Zones (SAFDZs), irrigation,
infrastructure, post-harvest facilities, rural
non-farm employment training, Agro-
Industry Modernization Credit and
Financing Program (AMCFP), and
Product Standardization and Consumer
Safety.

As of December 31, 2010,
microfinance and credit programs
continued; A total of 20,559.47
kilometers of farm-to-market roads
(FMRs) or 87.58% of the target FMRs to

rehabilitate or construct has taken place
from 2001-2010; skills training program
continue and planning manuals and
information materials granted; research
extension is ongoing, among others.

Mindanao Rural Development Program
(MRDP)

Developed in 1999, MRDP was
created to reduce poverty among the
rural poor, women and indigenous
communities in Mindanao. It explicitly
targeted increase in agricultural
productivity and efficiency, sustainable
improvement of rural income,
enhancement of food security of the
poor, and provision of sustainable
mechanisms for rural progress through
better institutional service by LGUs and
concerned agencies. DA implemented
this, jointly funded by the World Bank,
National Government, and LGUs of 26
provinces and 225 municipalities in
Mindanao.

Its components include: a) rural
infrastructure (rehabilitation and
construction for improved farm
productivity and access to markets), b)
Community Fund for Agricultural
Development (CFAD; livelihood projects
for increasing rural income), c) natural
resources management, and d)
investment for governance reform and
program administration (more effective
decentralization, agricultural
competitiveness, and accountability). Its
subprojects intended as food security
interventions cover crop and animal
production, integrated and crop-based
farming systems and others.

Food Staples Self-sufficiency Program
(FSSP) 2011-2016

At the macro level, the FSSP,
anchored on the Philippine Development
Plan (PDP) 2011-2016 targets mainly the
attainment of the countrys domestic
requirement by 2013 and thus will find no
need in importing. After 2013, the target
will be to strengthen countrywide
adaptability of food staples to the effects
of climate change. Its strategies and
innovations undertaken and continually
tested range from import reduction,
investment in farm infrastructure,
equipment and irrigation, research,
partnerships and multi-thronged
approach, to lessening rice wastage by
consumers.

One of its banner programs is the
Agri-Pinoy Rice Program. It targets more
specific strategies, such as market
development services (promotion, seed
trading centers, and others) as well as
education and training. Collaborative
Extensive Research and Development
for Food Security (CRDES)

Analysis of Tables

High percentage of underweight
children

This under consumption of food is
reflected in high number of underweight
children among 0-5 years old and 6-10
years old reaching as high as 34.0
percent. In the last 20 years, the
percentage of underweight children in
these ages has not gone down below
20% as shown in Table 6.2. In a study
targeting conflict-affected communities in
Central Mindanao, 40.9 percent of the
children were considered underweight
(UNICEF et.al., 2010).

Food eats up big chunk of family
budget

This low level of food
consumption registered the highest share
of expenditure at 50.7 percent in 1988
and the lowest at 4.4 percent in 2006. In
2009, food still captured a big chunk of
the family budget at 42.6 percent (Figure
1).


FIGURE 2 Top Five Regions with
Highest Rural Poverty
Incidences Philippines: 2000
0 50 100
ARMM
Region
XII
Region
X
Region
IX
Region
V
R
e
g
i
o
n
s
Urban
Rur al
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009
S
h
a
r
e

o
f

F
o
o
d

(
%
)
Years
FIGURE 1 Share of Food to Total Family Expenditures (in %)
Philippines: 1998-2009

Food insecurity is unevenly
distributed across regions and
sectors
In general, rural population is
eating less than those living in the urban
areas. Across geographical regions, food
insecurity is high in the rural areas of the
Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao
(ARMM) and BicRegion, Northern
MIndanao, SOCCSKSARGEN, and
Zamboanga Peninsula. Except for Bicol,
all of these regions are in Mindanao. This
situation is reflective of the poverty
incidences in these regions ranging from
55.0 percent to 67.0 percent in 2000
(NSO, 2000). The difference in urban
and rural poverty in the country is

considerably great, but not too much in
ARMM (Figure 2).

Underweight Filipinos fall midway
among Southeast Asian nations

The incidence of underweight
children below 5 years old in the
Philippines in 2003 falls below Vietnam
and Indonesia. Efforts to mitigate the
percentage of underweight children in the
Philippines, however, have a long way to
go to catch up with Malaysia and
Thailand (Table 6.3)

Rice is the main staple in the
country, though some regions may also
eat corn. Self-sufficiency ratio is defined
as the extent to which a country relies
on its own production resources, or the
extent of sufficiency of domestic
production in relation to domestic
consumption. A self-sufficiency ratio of
less than 100 percent implies that
production is inadequate to cope with the
demand of the population (BAS, 2012).
Table 4 below shows the sufficiency ratio
of the country for rice (Table 6.4)

Corollary, volumes of rice
importation upward and downward trends
alternately from 2007-2011 to meet the
demands. Its highest peak was recorded
in 2008 with 2,432.85 thousands metric
tons (MT) while its lowest in 2011 with
707.67 thousand MT. In terms of value

FIGURE 3 Import Quantity of Rice Philippines: 2007 - 2012
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Jan-Dec 2007 Jan-Dec 2008 Jan-Dec 2009 Jan-Dec 2010 Jan-Dec 2011 Jan-Mar 2012
Rice
FIGURE 4 Top Five Regions with
Highest Annual Average Retail Price of
Regular Milled Rice
29 29.5 30 30.5
Region
IX
Region X
Region
VII
Region
VIII
Region
VI
Annual Average
Retail Price
(Regular Milled
Rice)

or expenditures, rice made it to the top
10 highest agricultural imports as it
placed 1st in 2009 and 2010, and 4th in
2011(Figure 3)

Trends in rice prices

Prices of rice per kilogram
steadily increased from 2007 to 2011.
For regular milled rice, it pegged the
highest in average in the Zamboanga

Peninsula followed by Northern
Mindanao, at PhP30.4 and PhP30.2,
respectively. These regions were also
noted to belong to the top five regions
with highest rate of poverty incidences
(see Figure 2). Moreover, inflation rate
for rice within the same period range
averaged at 10.3 percent. Its highest was
in 2008 at 29.1 pecent (BAS, 2012)
(Figure 4).

Source: Paper presented by the Asian NGO Coalition for
Agrarian Reform and Development (ANGOC) for the Science
Foundation, Inc (XSF)
July 2012

93
TABLE 6.1 Trends in Per Capita Consumption of Food Groups (in grams)
by Urban-Rural Residence: 1987 and 1993
Food Group Rural Urban
1987 1993 1987 1993
Total (g) 863 786 869 819
Cereals and Cereal Products 361 350 318 318
Starchy Roots and Tubers 25 21 17 13
Sugars and syrups 22 17 26 20
Fats and oils 12 11 15 14
Fish, meat and poultry 145 133 174 161
Eggs 8 9 13 15
Vegetables 104 102 91 86
Milk and Milk Products 34 24 56 64
Dried beans, nuts and seeds 9 8 11 11
Fruits 115 84 123 93
Beverages 13 6 10 11
Condiments and Others 11 9 11 9
Others 3 1 3 2
TABLE 6.2 Underweight for Age 0-5 Years old and 6-10 Years Old
1993, 1996, 1998, 2001, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2011
Years
Age Bracket 1993 1996 1998 2001 2003 2005 2008 2011
0-5 years 29.9 30.8 32.0 30.6 20.7 24.6 26.2 20.2
6-10 years 35.2 34.2 30.2 32.9 26.7 22.8 25.6 32.0
Source: Food and Nutrition Instittute, National Nutrition Survey (NNS), 1987;1993
Source: Food and Nutrition Institute
94
TABLE 6.3 Percentage of Underweight Children Below 5 years Old
Southeast Asia: 2003
Southeast Asian Country Incidence
Vietnam 24.6
Indonesia 23.1
Philppines 20.7
Thailand
Malaysia
Chatterjee et. Al., 2010
TABLE 6.4 Rice Self-Sufficiency and Import Dependency Ratio(%)
2007-2010
Staple Ratio
Years
2007 2008 # 2009 2010
Rice Self-sufficiency 85.47 81.90 85.83 81.27
Import dependency 14.53 18.11 14.17 18.73
8.6
4
8.1
5
Note:
4
Excluding Bangkok; WHO, 2007

5
based on 2003-2005 data from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) food security statistics;
Source: Food and Nutrition Institute
Source: Bureau of Agriculture Statistics
95

Crime Indicators
Third Quarter 2011

Introduction

The government agency
mandated to enforce the law, to prevent
and control crimes, to maintain peace
and order, and to ensure public safety
and internal security with the active
support of the community is the
Philippine National Police (PNP).

The PNP's collective effort to
address areas of priority, namely , the
campaigns against illegal drugs, illegal
gambling, terrorism, street crimes,
kidnapping, bank robberies, hi-jacking,
carnapping, and those against wanted
persons and criminal gangs, as well as
the accounting of firearms, and
insurgency or communist terrorism find
substance in the data presented in the

following discussion.

The Revised Penal Code of 1990
classified crimes either as public or
private. Public crimes are those that
directly endanger the society and its
constituents such as those committed
against national security, laws of the
state, public order, public interest, and
public morals, including drug-related
offenses and those committed by public
officers in the performance of their duty
as civil servants. Private crimes, on the
other hand, are those that afflict
individuals or persons directly but
endanger society on the whole, such as
crimes against persons (destruction of
life, parricide, murder, homicide,
infanticide and abortion, and physical
injuries); personal liberty and security;
and crimes against property, chastity,
and honor.

In measuring crime volume, a
distinct classification is used. Crimes are
classified into index and non-index
categories. Index crimes are those of
serious nature which occur with marked
frequency and regularity. Crimes against
persons and crimes against property
being normally reported to police
authorities exemplify index crimes. Non-
index crimes, on the other hand, are
those with no marked regularity, hence,
seldom find report in police files.

Analysis of Tables

Crime volume down by 21.5 percent

A total of 62,433 crimes were
reported in the third quarter of 2011
against 79,539 in the same period of
Section VII DEFENSE, CRIME
AND DELINQUENCY

FIGURE 2 Index and Non-index Crimes
Third Quarter: 2010 and 2011
39,644
22,789
50,334
29,205
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
Index crimes Non-index crimes
Type of crime
N
u
m
b
e
r
Third Qtr 2011
Third Qtr 2010
2010. Volume decreased by more than
17 thousand incidents or by 21.5
percent. Solved crimes numbered only
19,731 for an efficiency of 31.6 percent.
Compared with the previous quarter,
efficiency improved from 21.3 percent
for an increment of 10.3 percentage
points (Table 7.1).

NCR reports bulk of crimes

Across regions, Central Luzon
recorded the bulk of crimes committed
11,353 for an equivalent 17.2 percent.
The National Capital Region (NCR) came
on second spot with 12.8 percent of the
total or 8,463 crimes. Other regions
which reported more crimes included
Central Visayas (10.2%), CALABARZON
(10.0%), Davao Region (7.3%) and
Northern Mindanao (7.0%). At the
bottom was the Autonomous Region in
Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) with a report
of 241 (0.3%) crimes and with a
corresponding efficiency of 25.3 percent
(Table 7.1).

Index crimes down 21.2 percent

Total volume of index crimes
went down to 39,644 in the third quarter
2011 from 50,334 in the same period in
2010. This was a dent of more than 10
thousand incidents or by 21.2 percent.
Solved index crimes numbered only
9,318 for an equivalent efficiency rate of
23.5 percent. An increase of 6.8
percentage points in efficiency was
observed in this period, from 16.7
percent in the third quarter of 2010
(Table 7.2).

Non-index crimes down 27.0 percent

By nomenclature, non-index
crimes do not occur regularly, hence,
they number less than index crimes. A
decrease in such crimes was observed
in the period under review, a total of
22,789 crimes of this type was reported
in the third quarter 2011 from 29,205 in
the same period in 2010 or a decrease
of more than 6ix thousand or by 29.1
percent. Efficiency rates moved up to
45.7 percent from only 29.1 percent
(Table 7.2).

Central Luzon registered the bulk
of non-index crimes with 23.6 percent of
the total in the third quarter period of
2011. Central Luzon which reported the
FIGURE 1 Total Crime Volume
and Efficiency Rate
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
3rd Qtr 2011 3rd Qtr 2010
C
r
i
m
e

v
o
l
u
m
e
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
E
f
f
i
c
i
e
n
c
y

r
a
t
e
Tot al crime
volume
Ef f iciency rat e
DEFENSE, CRIME AND DELINQUENCY 97

FIGURE 4 Crime versus Property
-
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
Robbery Thef t
Type of crime
N
u
m
b
e
r
2010
2011
most in this type in the 2010 round, slid
to second in the 2011 period with 14.8
percent share. The ARMM reported the
least in this category, from 0.2 percent in
2010 to 0.3 percent in 2011 (Table 7.2).

Crime against persons slips to 25.9
percent

Crimes committed against
persons dented by 25.9 percent, in the
third quarter 2011 from 19,721 in third
quarter 2010.

By type of crime, that on physical
injury was the biggest with 10,493
incidents (71.8%). Murder was second
with 14.8 percent share, rape 8.3
percent, while the least went to homicide
at 5.1 percent.

Reports from the regions reflected
the Cordilleras taking the bulk at 18.1
percent of the total. Aggregate total of
Central Luzon, CALABARZON, and
Central Visayas amounted to 29.8
percent of the total as they came next to
the Cordilleras. The ARMM had the least
with a report of .1.0 percent share (Table
7.3).

Crime against property slows down 20.2
percent

Volume of crimes committed
against property went down by 20.2
percent from 28,612 in 2010 third quarter
to only 22,838 in 2011 third quarter.
Majority of these crimes were reported
to be theft (663.8%) and the other was
robbery (36.2%).

NCR reported the biggest crime
volume of this kind, 6,878(30.2%) and
followed by Central Visayas at 3.027
(13.3%) and Central Luzon at 2,593
(11.4%). At the cellar was ARMM with a
crime report of 39 cases (0.2%) (Table
7.4).

Human Rights Violation
Cases: 2010-2011

The Commission on Human
Rights (CHR) is an independent body
constituted in line with the provision of
Section II, Article II of the 1987 Philippine
Constitution which stresses the
governments commitment to upholding
FIGURE 3 Crime Against Persons
1,220
741
2,159
10,493
1,126
15,500
2,171
924
-
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
Murder Homicide Physical
injury
Rape
Type of Crime
N
u
m
b
e
r
Third Qtr 2011
Third Qtr 2010

human rights, and to quote the
State values the dignity of the human
person and guarantees full respect for
human rights.

Pursuant to the aforementioned
constitutional mandate, Executive Order
No. 163 created the CHR whose task is
to promote the protection of, respect for,
and the enhancement of the peoples
inherent entitlement to human rights,
including all civil and political rights.

To fulfill its mission, the CHR
identified two main approaches: human
rights protection and human rights
promotion. Human rights protection
involves investigation of all cases of
human rights violation and delivery of
free legal aid and financial services to all
victims, including referral of cases to the
proper agencies. On the other hand,
human rights promotion refers to the
Commissions function of informing and
educating the public in terms of human
rights values, principles, and laws.

Human rights may refer to any of
the following rights:

Political rights - rights or just
entitlements relative to the conduct of
government or governance

Economic rights - rights of just
entitlements relative to the production,
distribution, and consumption of goods
and services

Social rights - rights in relation
to human society, the interaction of the
individual and the group or the welfare of
human beings as members of society

Rights of children pertain to
the basic rights of children as identified
by the United Nations Organization
(UNO).

Analysis of Tables

Incidence of alleged human rights
violations slid by more than 60.0
percent

For the year 2011, a total of 516
incidence of alleged human rights
violations were reported by the CHR.
Compared with that of 2010, (725 cases),
this was a decrease of 209 cases or an
equivalent 28.8 percent (Table 7.5).

Davao reports most number of
incidences

Across regions, Davao Regions
report of 121 incidences in 2010, the
highest in the period, decreased to 10.7
percent of the total number of cases.

SOCCKSARGEN came second
with a report of 18.9 percent share,
followed by Bicol Region 12.2 percent,
and Eastern Visayas 9.5 percent.

All the regions reported
decreases in incidence share (Table 7.5).

99
TABLE 7.1 Total Crime Volume and Efficiency Rate by Region
Region
Volume Solved
Efficiency
Volume Solved
Efficiency
Rate Rate
Philippines 62,433 19,731 31.6 79,539 16,907 21.3
NCR 15,888 6,813 42.9 10,242 5,249 51.2
CAR 1,189 474 39.9 3,788 271 7.2
I - Ilocos Region 2,635 1,026 38.9 4,308 982 22.8
II - Cagayan Valley 1,079 356 33.0 1,657 212 12.8
III - Central Luzon 7,969 1,609 20.2 13,166 1,331 10.1
IVA - CALABARZON 6,030 2,013 33.4 6,942 1,656 23.9
IVB - MIMAROPA 656 210 32.0 1,267 225 17.8
V - Bicol Region 2,686 546 20.3 4,540 1,041 22.9
VI - Western Visayas 2,312 764 33.0 4,366 740 16.9
VII - Central Visayas 6,344 2,013 31.7 8,081 1,570 19.4
VIII - Eastern Visayas 1,616 462 28.6 1,392 177 12.7
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 2,066 578 28.0 4,616 395 8.6
X - Northern Mindanao 3,932 645 16.4 4,459 403 9.0
XI - Davao Region 3,879 745 19.2 5,496 901 16.4
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 2,527 1,047 41.4 3,381 1,407 41.6
Caraga 1,361 378 27.8 1,566 239 15.3
ARMM 264 52 19.7 272 108 39.7
TABLE 7.2 Index and Non-index Crimes by Region
Region
Index Crimes
Volume Solved
Efficiency
Volume Solved
Efficiency
Rate Rate
Philippines 39,644 9,318 23.5 50,334 8,404 16.7
NCR 10,518 3,439 32.7 6,854 2,983 43.5
CAR 820 255 31.1 2,277 160 7.0
I - Ilocos Region 1,384 454 32.8 2,301 460 20.0
II - Cagayan Valley 686 190 27.7 1,175 127 10.8
III - Central Luzon 4,605 784 17.0 7,494 638 8.5
IVA - CALABARZON 3,609 867 24.0 4,578 720 15.7
IVB - MIMAROPA 403 103 25.6 664 104 15.7
V - Bicol Region 1,490 262 17.6 2,335 393 16.8
VI - Western Visayas 1,681 368 21.9 3,211 366 11.4
VII - Central Visayas 4,297 819 19.1 6,006 783 13.0
VIII - Eastern Visayas 917 206 22.5 978 87 8.9
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 1,319 283 21.5 1,996 204 10.2
XI - Davao Region 2,672 303 11.3 4,032 514 12.7
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 1,242 412 33.2 1,695 412 24.3
Caraga 957 206 21.5 1,067 143 13.4
ARMM 199 36 18.1 228 71 31.1
Continued
DEFENSE, CRIME, AND DELINQUENCY
Source: Philippine National Police
100
Region
Non-index Crimes
Volume Solved
Efficiency
Volume Solved
Efficiency
Rate Rate
Philippines 22,789 10,413 45.7 29,205 8,503 29.1
NCR 5,370 3,374 62.8 3,388 2,266 66.9
CAR 369 219 59.3 1,511 111 7.3
I - Ilocos Region 1,251 572 45.7 2,007 522 26.0
II - Cagayan Valley 393 166 42.2 482 85 17.6
III - Central Luzon 3,364 825 24.5 5,672 693 12.2
IVA - CALABARZON 2,421 1,146 47.3 2,364 936 39.6
IVB - MIMAROPA 253 107 42.3 603 121 20.1
V - Bicol Region 1,196 284 23.7 2,205 648 29.4
VI - Western Visayas 631 396 62.8 1,155 374 32.4
VII - Central Visayas 2,047 1,194 58.3 2,075 787 37.9
VIII - Eastern Visayas 699 256 36.6 414 90 21.7
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 747 295 39.5 2,620 191 7.3
XI - Davao Region 1,207 442 36.6 1,464 387 26.4
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 1,285 635 49.4 1,686 995 59.0
XIII - Caraga 404 172 42.6 499 96 19.2
ARMM 65 16 24.6 44 37 84.1
TABLE 7.3 Crimes Against Persons by Region: Third Quarter 2011 and 2010
Crime Against Persons
Total Murder Homicide Physical Rape Total Murder Homicide Physical Rape
Injury Injury
Philippines 14,613 2,159 741 10,493 1,220 19,721 2,171 924 15,500 1,126
NCR 732 195 107 299 131 1,943 139 91 1,599 114
CAR 2,635 28 21 2,540 46 1,309 40 36 1,201 32
I - Ilocos Region 781 80 28 629 44 1,339 82 53 1,167 37
II - Cagayan Valley 327 61 20 219 27 576 78 36 434 28
III - Central Luzon 1,724 168 58 1,277 221 3,462 156 67 3,033 206
IVA - CALABARZON 1,513 346 73 878 216 1,986 341 119 1,318 208
IVB - MIMAROPA 259 45 15 144 55 402 48 21 305 28
V - Bicol Region 803 126 41 573 63 1,311 125 35 1,073 78
VI - Western Visayas 748 113 70 451 114 1,039 134 80 725 100
VII - Central Visayas 1,112 166 73 793 80 1,482 193 117 1,099 73
VIII - Eastern Visayas 499 100 42 333 24 395 97 26 245 27
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 730 149 36 507 38 966 157 61 694 54
X - Northern Mindanao 850 149 36 623 42 958 152 47 722 37
XI - Davao Region 853 144 43 625 41 1,265 163 49 1,031 22
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 531 142 43 296 50 654 108 41 461 44
XIII - Caraga 369 90 16 239 24 471 92 25 325 29
ARMM 147 57 19 67 4 163 66 20 68 9
101
TABLE 7.4 Crime Against Property by Region: Third Quarter 2010 and 2011
Region
Crime Against Property
Total Robbery Theft Total Robbery Theft
Philippines 22,838 8,273 14,565 28,612 9,771 18,841
NCR 6,878 2,965 3,913 4,549 2,195 2,354
CAR 399 130 269 926 248 678
I - Ilocos Region 549 98 451 885 159 726
II - Cagayan Valley 315 114 201 530 204 326
III - Central Luzon 2,593 985 1,608 3,751 1,212 2,539
IVA - CALABARZON 1,738 698 1,040 2,359 1,041 1,318
IVB - MIMAROPA 128 60 68 250 110 140
V - Bicol Region 645 205 440 964 300 664
VI - Western Visayas 871 320 551 2,097 568 1,529
VII - Central Visayas 3,027 996 2,031 4,362 1,278 3,084
VIII - Eastern Visayas 405 104 301 570 139 431
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 520 209 311 959 372 587
X - Northern Mindanao 1,850 457 1,393 2,229 661 1,568
XI - Davao Region 1,744 494 1,250 2,643 759 1,884
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 604 268 336 935 337 598
Caraga 533 146 387 558 162 396
ARMM 39 24 15 45 26 19
TABLE 7.5 Number of Kidnap for Ransom Incidents by Status of Victims, by Status
of Suspects, by Ransom Paid, by Cases Solved and by Region: 2009 and 2010
Region
2010
Number Status of Victims
of Total Escaped Killed Released Rescued Still Held
Incidents Captive
Philippines 68 108 - 5 72 16 15
NCR 16 26 - - 23 1 2
CAR 1 3 - - - 3 -
I - Ilocos Region 3 4 - - 1 3 -
II - Cagayan Valley 1 2 - 2 - - -
III - Central Luzon 6 12 - 2 3 3 4
IVA - CALABARZON 7 8 - - 4 4 -
IVB - MIMAROPA - - - - - - -
V - Bicol Region - - - - - - -
VI - Western Visayas 2 2 - - 1 - 1
VII - Central Visayas - - - - - - -
VIII - Eastern Visayas - - - - - - -
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 9 12 - 1 8 - 3
X - Northern Mindanao - - - - - - -
XI - Davao Region 2 2 - - 2 - -
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 5 5 - - 3 1 1
XIII - Caraga 1 2 - - 2 - -
ARMM 15 30 - - 25 1 4
Continued
105
Region
2010
Status of Suspects Ransom Status of Case
Total Arrested At Killed Paid in Under Filed
Large Million Investigation
Pesos
Philippines 262 36 218 8 42.0 52 16
NCR 40 6 34 - 13.0 12 4
CAR 3 - 3 - - - 1
I - Ilocos Region 8 4 4 - - 2 1
II - Cagayan Valley 10 5 - 5 - - 1
III - Central Luzon 18 - 16 2 10.0 6 -
IVA - CALABARZON 23 7 16 - 2.0 4 3
IVB - MIMAROPA - - - - - - -
VI - Western Visayas 11 1 10 - - 1 1
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 58 5 53 - 6.0 7 2
XI - Davao Region 4 - 4 - 5.0 2 -
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 27 8 18 1 1.0 2 3
XIII - Caraga 2 - 2 - - 1 -
ARMM 58 - 58 - 5.0 15 -
105
Region
2010
Pesos
Philippines 262 36 218 8 42.0 52 16
NCR 40 6 34 - 13.0 12 4
CAR 3 - 3 - - - 1
I - Ilocos Region 8 4 4 - - 2 1
II - Cagayan Valley 10 5 - 5 - - 1
III - Central Luzon 18 - 16 2 10.0 6 -
IVA - CALABARZON 23 7 16 - 2.0 4 3
IVB - MIMAROPA - - - - - - -
VI - Western Visayas 11 1 10 - - 1 1
XI - Davao Region 4 - 4 - 5.0 2 -
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 27 8 18 1 1.0 2 3
XIII - Caraga 2 - 2 - - 1 -
ARMM 58 - 58 - 5.0 15 -
2009
Number Status of Victims
of Total Escaped Killed Released Rescued Still Held
Incidents Captive
Philippines 50 60 3 2 28 14 13
NCR 16 17 1 1 6 7 2
CAR 2 2 1 - - - 1
I - Ilocos Region 1 1 - - 1 - -
II - Cagayan Valley - - - - - - -
III - Central Luzon 4 5 - - 3 - 2
IVA - CALABARZON 7 8 - - 5 3 -
IVB - MIMAROPA - - - - - - -
V - Bicol Region 1 1 - - - - 1
VI - Western Visayas - - - - - - -
IX - Zamboanga Peninsula 4 6 - - 1 1 4
X - Northern Mindanao 1 2 - - - - 2
XI - Davao Region - - - - - - -
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 2 4 - - 4 - -
XIII - Caraga 2 2 - - - 1 1
ARMM 10 12 1 1 8 2 -
Continued
106
Region
2009
Pesos
Philippines 215 50 152 13 12.6 25 25
NCR 51 15 25 11 1.3 8 8
CAR 5 1 3 1 0.3 1 1
I - Ilocos Region 7 5 2 - 0.5 - 1
II - Cagayan Valley - - - - - - -
III - Central Luzon 17 9 8 - 1.6 1 3
IVA - CALABARZON 21 1 19 1 1.0 2 5
IVB - MIMAROPA - - - - - - -
V - Bicol Region 2 - 2 - 1.3 1 -
VI - Western Visayas - - - - - - -
X - Northern Mindanao 2 - 2 - - 1 -
XI - Davao Region - - - - - - -
XII - SOCCSKSARGEN 24 2 22 - 1.2 1 1
XIII - Caraga 8 - 8 - - 1 1
ARMM 52 - 52 - 0.1 6 4

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