Course 10.

Analog Circuits (Video Course)

Faculty Coordinator(s) :

1. Prof. Joseph John
Department of Electrical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
Kanpur - 208016

Email : jjohn@iitk.ac.in
Telephone : (91-512) Off : 2597088
Res : 2598488
Fax : 2590063
2. Prof. B. Mazahari
Department of Electrical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
Kanpur - 208016

Email : baquer@iitk.ac.in
Telephone : (91-512) Off : 2597924
Res : 2598528
Fax : 2590063

Small signal equivalent and large signal models of BJT, JFET and MOSFET. Biasing for discrete
circuit design, Common Emitter, Common Base and Common Collector BJT amplifier stages;
JFET Common source amplifier; Common Source, Common Gate and Common Drain MOSFET
stages.


MODULE 3: FREQUENCY RESPONSE (5 lectures)
Small-signal high-frequency hybrid- model of a BJT. Amplifier transfer function low-
frequency, mid, and high-frequency bands. General expressions for the low-frequency and
high frequency responses. Millers theorem. Short-circuit and Open-circuit time constants
methods for the approximate determination of break-frequencies, Frequency response of BJT
amplifiers CE, CC and CB configurations. Frequency response of JFET and MOSFET
amplifiers. Cascode configurations.


MODULE 4: DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIERS (4 lectures)
BJT Differential pair Large-signal operation, transfer characteristics, Small-signal operation
of BJT differential amplifier, Input common-mode and differential resistances, Common-mode
and differential gains, non-ideal characteristics, Biasing in BJT integrated circuits the basic
BJT current mirror, current-steering circuits, Wilson current mirror, Widlar current source. BJT
differential amplifier with active load, the Cascode configuration. The MOSFET differential pair
transfer characteristics, MOSFET current mirrors basic, Cascode, Wilson. Frequency
response of the differential amplifier, The differential pair as a wideband amplifier


Detailed Syllabus :

Preamble:
The three major courses in the Analog Electronics areas, listed in the NPTEL syllabus are Basic
Electronics, Analog Electronics and Solid State Devices. The proposed syllabus for the Analog
Electronics course assumes that an average student taking this course has good grasp of the
Basic Electronics course. Hence repetition is avoided except where it is essential to revise
what was already covered in the previous course. Also, new trends in Analog Electronics,
especially the increasing use of MOS/CMOS devices in circuits, are brought.


MODULE 1: POWER SUPPLIES (4 lectures)
Rectifiers Analysis and design of Half wave and full wave circuits; Ripple and its reduction;
Need for Voltage regulators, Regulation, Zener regulators, Series Voltage regulator, IC
regulators, Current limiting and protection circuits, Switched mode power supplies.


MODULE 2: BASIC AMPLIFIER STAGES (6 lectures)

MODULE 10: SIGNAL GENERATORS AND WAVEFORM SHAPING CIRCUITS (3
Lectures)
Sinusoidal oscillators RC and LC oscillators. Multivibrators astable, monostable and bistable
types. Generation of square and triangular waveforms. The 555 Timer circuit and its uses.
Precision rectifier circuits and their applications.


MODULE 11: NOISE ANALYSIS (2 Lectures)
Noise in resistors, BJTs and MOSFETs. Noise analysis of a basic amplifier.


















































MODULE 5: OUTPUT STAGES AND POWER AMPLIFIERS (3 lectures)
Classification, Transfer characteristics, power dissipation, power conversion efficiency of Class
A and B output stages. Cross-over distortion and its reduction. Class AB output stage
transfer characteristics, biasing circuits. V
BE
multiplier and its use in biasing Class AB stage.
Power BJTs thermal resistance, power dissipation vs temperature, Use of heat sinks. Short-
circuit protection of output stages.


MODULE 6: OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER (3 lectures)
General configuration and basic stages of an operational amplifier (Opamp). Analysis of simple
BJT and CMOS opamps. Opamp parameters ideal and practical. Examples of commercial BJT
and CMOS opamps. Compensated and un-compensated opamps.


MODULE 7: FEEDBACK IN ANALOG CIRCUITS (4 lectures)
Advantages of negative feedback, Loop gain, feedback factor, Closed-loop gain. Basic
feedback topologies: Series- Shunt, Series-Series, Shunt-Shunt and Shunt-Series
configurations. Derivation of input resistance, output resistance and closed-loop gain of the
above for both the ideal and practical amplifiers. Stability of feedback amplifiers, Gain and
Phase-margins. Frequency compensation.


MODULE 8: ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL AND DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTERS (3
lectures)
Digital-to-analog (D/A)circuits circuits with binary weighted resistors, and R-2R ladders.
Analog-to-Digital (A/D)circuits Counting type, successive approximation, Flash and Dual-
slope types.


MODULE 9: FILTERS AND TUNED AMPLIFIERS (3 lectures)
Filter types, Filter transfer function, Butterworth and Chebyshev filters, First and second order
Active filters. Biquad filters, Switched-capacitor filters. Tuned amplifiers, amplifiers with
multiple tuned circuits, synchronous tuning and stagger tuning