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ANALISIS DINAMICO DE
ESTRUCTURAS
I ng. J orge Rosas Espinoza
I ngeniero Civil - Universidad Nacional de San Agustin Arequipa Peru
MSc. Student Earthquake Engineering - University at Buffalo, The State University of New York - USA
ANALI SI S ESTATI CO
No aplicable a edificios altos e irregulares.
Masa vertical no uniforme.
Irregularidades torsionales.
Discontinuidad en la rigidez vertical de los elementos.
Irregularidad en la geometria vertical.
Respuesta del edificio en su 1er modo de vibracion (Modo
fundamental).
Distribucion de fuerzas triangular.
Fuerzas de diseno elevadas.


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Esquematiza el comportamiento estructural de una
manera mas exacta.
Edificios altos e irregulares.
Requerido por los codigos de diseno.
Analisis racional y prudente.
Incluye los efectos de los modos de vibracion altos.
Requerido para el estudio del comportamiento no lineal
de estructuras.

ANALI SI S DI NAMI CO
DESPLAZAMI ENTO, VELOCI DAD Y
ACELERACI ON
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SI STEMAS CON UN GRADO DE LI BERTAD
(Single Degree of Freedom Systems)
Classic SDF System
Mass - Spring Damper System
Single Degree of Freedom System
Mass - Spring Damper System
RELACI ON FUERZA DESPLAZAMI ENTO
(Force Displacement Relationships)
Linearly Elastic Systems I nelastic Systems
Force Displacement relation is linear for small deformations but would
become nonlinear at larger deformations.
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FUERZA DE AMORTI GUAMI ENTO
(Damping Force)
In damping, the energy of the vibrating system is dissipated by various mechanisms, and
often more than one mechanism may be present at the same time.
In real structures:
Friction at steel connections.
Opening and closing of microcracks in concrete.
Friction between the structure itself and non
structural elements.
Linear Viscous Damper or Dashpot
It seems impossible to identify or describe mathematically each of
these energy-dissipating mechanisms in an actual building.
ECUACI ONES DE MOVI MI ENTO
(Equations of Motion)
1) Newtons Second Law of Motion.
Diagrama de cuerpo libre
(Free Body Diagram)
Ecuacion Diferencial Ordinaria
(Ordinary Differential Equation ODE)
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ECUACI ONES DE MOVI MI ENTO
(Equations of Motion)
2) DAlemberts Principle of Dynamic Equilibrium.

Diagrama de cuerpo libre
(Free Body Diagram)
Ecuacion Diferencial Ordinaria
(Ordinary Differential Equation ODE)
Natural Frequency Natural Period
VI BRACI ON LI BRE NO AMORTI GUADA
(Undamped Free - Vibration)
Solution of the form:


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Solution of the Homogeneous
Differential Equation
Initial Conditions
VI BRACI ON LI BRE NO AMORTI GUADA
(Undamped Free - Vibration)


VI BRACI ON LI BRE NO AMORTI GUADA
(Undamped Free - Vibration)
Vibracion Libre de un Sistema sin Amortiguamiento
(Free Vibration of a System without Damping)
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VI BRACI ON LI BRE AMORTI GUADA
(Damped Free - Vibration)
Damping Ratio
Solution of the form:


Critical Damping Coefficient
Natural Damped
Frequency
VI BRACI ON LI BRE AMORTI GUADA
(Damped Free - Vibration)


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VI BRACI ON LI BRE AMORTI GUADA
(Damped Free - Vibration)
Solution of the Ordinary
Differential Equation
Initial Conditions
TI POS DE MOVI MI ENTO
(Types of Motion)
Vibracion Libre de sistemas subamortiguados, con amoritguamiento critico y sobreamortiguados
(Free Vibration of underdamped, critically damped and overdamped systems)
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SI STEMAS SUBAMORTI GUADOS
(Underdamped Systems)
Efectos del Amortiguamiento en
vibracion libre
Vibracion libre de Sistemas con Diferentes
niveles de Amortiguamiento
VI BRACI ON HARMONI CA
(Harmonic Vibration)
Harmonic Force
?
Solucion Complementaria u Homogenea Solucion Particular
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Arbitrary Force
?
Time History Response
VI BRACI ON FORZADA
(Forced Vibration)
Diagrama de cuerpo libre
(Free Body Diagram)
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I ntegral de Duhamel
Metodos Numericos
: Aceleracion del terreno (Ground Acceleration)
Ground acceleration during
earthquakes varies irregularly to
such an extent that analytical
solution of the equation of
motion must be rouled out
Deformation Response u(t) of a SDF
System depends only on natural vibration
period of the system and its damping ratio.
Once u(t) has been evaluated, the internal
forces can be determined based on the
concept of the Equivalent Static force fs.
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Deformation Response
Spectrum
Duhamels Integral
(Numerical Methods)
Pseudo-Acceleration:
V is related to the peak value of
the strain energy Eso stored in
the system during the earthquake
by the equation:
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Pseudo-Acceleration
Response Spectrum
Deformation Response
Spectrum (D)
Good approximation
The difference between the two spectra is small for short-period systems and is of some
significance only for long-period systems with large values of damping.
mA is equal to the peak value of the elastic-resisting force, in contrast is equal to the
peak value of the sum of elastic and damping forces.


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From Response Spectrum (=0.02) for T
n
=1.59 sec

The lateral force is:

Properties: I = 7.23 in4, E = 29000 ksi, Assume that
=2 %
From Response Spectrum (=0.02) for T
n
=1.59 sec

The shear force is:

Properties: E = 3000 ksi, Each column and beam
has a 10-in-square cross section.
Assume that =2 %