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Ejercicios

1. El diagrama PV de la figura,, muestra una serie de procesos


termodinmicos. En el proceso ab, se agregan 150 J de calor al
sistema; en el proceso bd 600 J, Calcular:
a) el cambio de energa interna en el proceso ab
b) U en el proceso abd
c) el calor total agregado en el proceso acd.
SOLUCION
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MAQUINAS DE CALOR
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Motores de combustin interna
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Ciclo DIESEL
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Ciclo OTTO
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Caso Prctico: ACONDICIONADOR DE AIRE
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Refrigeradores
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SEGUNDA LEY DE LA TERMODINMICA
Es imposible que un sistema efecte un
proceso en el que absorba calor de un
depsito a una temperatura y lo convierta
por completo en trabajo mecnico,
terminando el sistema en el mismo estado
que comenz
Es imposible que un proceso tenga como
nico resultado la transferencia de calor de
un cuerpo mas fro a uno mas caliente.
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CICLO DE CARNOT
H
C H
H
C
CARNOT
T
T T
T
T
e

1
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ENTROPIA
La entropa es una medida cuantitativa del desorden.
Para introducir este concepto, consideremos una
expansin isotrmica infinitesimal de un gas.
Agregamos calor, y dejamos que el gas se expanda
apenas lo suficiente para mantener constante la
temperatura
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ENTROPIA
nRT
dQ
V
dV
que asi dV
V
nRt
pdV dW dQ ;
Introduciendo la letra S para identificar la
entropa:
) inf ( reversible inetesimal proceso
T
dQ
dS
El cambio de la la entropa es:
T
Q
S S S
1 2
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ENTROPIA
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Problema 19.14
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Problema 19.40
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Problema 19.17
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Problema 19.43
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Problema 19.48
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Problemas 19.44 y 19.45
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