Save the Children

Sweden
Funding Proposal
Project Title: Promoting capacity of children on concepts of human rights and gender for meaningful
participation in school, community and national level in southern Sudan
Funding Agency: UFPA
!mplementing Agency Save the Children Sweden
Address: "ai #ala$al, %u&a
Telephone:
Contact persons: "ans 'ind( Country )irector,
Samuel #wangi ( Programme *fficer
Project duration + year, %anuary , )ecem&er -../
Starting )ate %anuary -../
Total 0udget -12,-.+
.
)ate of Su&mission
+3. Conte4t
Sudan attained its independence in 1956 but is living in the aftermath of the longest civil war in
Africa. A Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA was signed between the !overnment of Sudan
and the Sudan People"s #iberation $ovement%Arm& in 'anuar&( )**5. +he signing of the CPA
raised hopes among the citi,ens in terms of peace and securit&( resource mobili,ation and
allocation( constitutional development processes( polic& formulation and harmoni,ation(
establishment of structures to enhance smooth implementation of government policies and civil
societ& programmes( as well as development of appropriate structures and s&stems that enhance
transparenc& and accountabilit&. +here are numerous attempts b& the government( international and
local organi,ation( donors( communities and individuals to contribute in the sustainabilit& of the
peace in southern Sudan and to build confidence( restore trust and promote reconciliation( tolerance
and appreciation of human rights. !-SS .nterim Constitution is in place and is a progressive
document to promote and protect the rights of all citi,ens. .n terms of children"s rights( the Child
Act( passed b& parliament in September )**/ and awaiting presidential assent( is e0pected to
entrench the intent of the Constitution and the 12C3C into national laws and policies( which is a
prere4uisite for respect( protection and fulfillment of children rights in southern Sudan.
5ut implementation of the CPA remains precarious. 6avering commitment to the CPA b& the
principals is the ma7or challenge. 8lections are scheduled for 'ul& )**9
1
and in

)*11 there will be a
referendum to vote for either the unit& of Sudan or for the secession of Southern Sudan. 9ela&s in
setting up governance structures( gaps in political( human capacit&( social and economic spheres
inhibit reali,ation of peace dividends. !-SS( the primar& dut& bearer for safeguarding the rights of
the citi,ens( is still struggling to meet its obligations. +he absence or wea: civil societ&( competing
priorities for resources( internal insecurit&( dela&s or failure b& the donor communit& to disburse the
funds pledged in -slo ()**5( have further led to man& unfulfilled promises and e0pectations. +hree
&ears after the CPA( southern Sudan is at a shift from emergenc& to development programming.
9evelopment actors are challenged b& a mi0 of humanitarian( recover& and development needs
while simultaneousl& attempting to strengthen and support the new government.
.n )**/( a census was underta:en but the report is &et to be released. Past figures place the
population around ;<9 million= appro0imatel& 5*> being under 1/ &ears
)
. A tremendous increase in
the population si,e is perceived to continue as refugees and internall& displaced people continue to
return. +his poses a great challenge to the capacit& of !-SS and supporting partners. +he low
preparedness to receive returnees is li:el& to contribute to competition over alread& scares resources
and hence fortif& alread& e0isting antagonism between returnees and ?host communities@. Although
data for southern Sudan are scant( there is concern that &ears of war and displacement have
increased the prevalence of gender<based violence. .n southern Sudan( ma7orit& of the children are
disadvantaged and discriminated against e.g. children who lost access to school due to conflict or
disaster. Children affected%infected b& A.B%A.9S are particularl& vulnerable. 5esides the loss of
parents and ver& difficult famil& and economic situations these children are often stigmati,ed and
discriminated. .t is e0plicit that the survival( protection( development and participation rights of
girls and bo&s remain unfulfilled and new phenomena such an increase in numbers of children out
of school in mar:et places( cases of children voluntaril& opting to re<7oin the militar& and children
in conflict with the law are on the rise. +hough the comple0 post war and transitional political(
1
+he election depends on the census result so to identif& the si,e of constituencies. +herefore the census
carries political connotation.
)
All figures used to date are onl& estimations based on the last census made in 19/C. +he current population
in Southern Sudan is un:nown( but estimations var& from ;.5 < )C millions.
)
)
economic and cultural environment of southern Sudan does present uni4ue challenges( the CPA has
increased opportunities for development and fulfillment of the rights of the citi,ens.
-3. Statement of the pro&lem
Children in southern Sudan are considered as an asset of the famil&( communit& and nation
C
. +he
.nterim Constitution of southern Sudan enacted on 5
th
9ecember )**5 and the Child Act
D
are an
indication of !-SS commitment to put in place legislation to guarantee the rights of all children.
Aowever( the road is long and slipper& as institutions to ensure implementation of the laws are
dependent on availabilit& of other government structure or new ones to be formed( resources and
partnerships which all re4uire a strong political will and patience. .n the interim( children and the
citi,enr& at large ma& have to wait a little bit longer to access their rights as provided in the national
legislation.
As in an& other post conflict situation( the most affected b& SudanEs civil war have been the children
and &outh. -f the over ) million people reported to have died and the over D million people
displaced( ;5 > is estimated to be children( according to 12.C8F. At the same time( it is estimated
that more than 5*(*** children have been orphaned due to the civil war( and another 1;*(*** have
no information about their biological parents. #ives of children and adolescents in southern Sudan
are affected b& traumatic e0periences of violence( separation( fear( and loss of famil&( home and
friends. Currentl& man& lives are further complicated b& lac: of fulfilment of basic needs such as
health( education( water and sufficient food.
+he right to education is high on the agenda of the children
5
( the national and international
communit&
6
. At the international level( this is affirmed in numerous human right treaties and
recogni,ed b& governments as pivotal in the pursuit of development and social transformation. +he
vast ma7orit& of all children in southern Sudan have not received an& formal schooling( and the
education indicators are among the lowest in the world. -f the )* < )5 > of all children enrolled in
primar& school( girls account for onl& 5<1* >. +here are a few female role models for girls in the
communit& while learning activities and materials as well as e0tra curriculum activities favour bo&s.
+he situation for girls is e0tra challenging as is reflected in the attitudes towards the girl child as a
source of wealth for the famil& through bride price. +he marriages are often both earl& and forced(
den&ing man& girls a chance to continue with their education. $ost learning spaces are under trees
and with the heat( dust and wind( the learning ma& not be said to be safe. +eachers are few and
mostl& untrained. Pupils learning and teachers teaching aids are often lac:ing or insufficient. 9ue to
lac: of opportunities for education( onl& few southern Sudanese have formal competencies resulting
in a huge gap in human resources.
C
Save the Children Sweden; Study on children participation in Lakes, Jonglei and Northern Bahr El Ghazal, !!"
D
Child #ct passed $y parlia%ent o& G'SS in Septe%$er !!( is awaiting presidential assent
5
)n Nove%$er !!(, SCS organized the Lakes, Jonglei and Northern Bahr El Ghazal )nter States Children*s Con&erence at +al% ,ree -otel in .u%$ek/
,he purpose o& the con&erence was to provide a &oru% &or children, govern%ent and co%%unity %e%$ers to consult on pertinent issues a&&ecting
children and co%e up with a way &orward to address the challenges/ ,he participants co%prising 01 girls, 01 $oys and ! adults drawn &ro% the
govern%ent, co%%unity and %edia acknowledged that there are nu%erous child protection issues in Southern Sudan/
6
,his recognition o& the i%portance o& the right to education is e2e%pli&ied in the international goals, strategies and targets that have $een &or%ulated
during the past twenty years/ ,he Education &or #ll 3E4#5 goals were esta$lished in Jo%tien 3,hailand5 in 066! and rea&&ir%ed at the !!! 7orld
Education 4oru% in 8akar 3Senegal5/ )n the 9illenniu% 8evelop%ent Goals, esta$lished in !!!, the world*s govern%ents co%%itted to achieving
universal access to &ree, :uality and co%pulsory education $y !01/
C
C
Povert& is another challenge. .n terms of economic indicators( data on povert& is limited( but
suggests that around 9* > of the population of southern Sudan is living below 1 1S9 per da&
;
.
Sudan is geographicall& diverse( with periods of heav& rains that lead to floods( demolished homes
and diseases( followed b& e0treme heat( sometimes drought( and food deficienc& in the dr& season.
.n addition( development initiatives are hampered b& poor infrastructure that poses severe
challenges to transport and timel& deliver& of programmes.
Aigh levels of insecurit& for children e0ist in various parts of the South( notabl& in #a:es due to
inter clan fighting. 2orthern 5ar 8l !ah,al (258! has e0perienced conflict as it is bordering the
disputed area of Ab&ei. Child abductions still occur b& ?arab tribes@ for forced labour. .n 5or
Count& in 'onglei state( $urle%9in:a child abductions are a protection issue. Previousl&( one
prominent issue was child recruitment into arm& and armed groups( but children in armed forces are
toda& relativel& few. Another protection issue is separation from parents and siblings in different
states but specificall& among the 2uer%9in:a which were fre4uent in the past but now lessened.
Ph&sical and Aumiliating Punishment (PAP remains a challenge at home and in the schools.
Se0ual abuse( though not spo:en about openl&( is another challenging issue at schools( homes and
communit& and mainl& affecting the girl child. Additionall&( there are two concerns of growing
attentionG 7uvenile 7ustice and children in the mar:ets.
+hroughout the communities( a number of constraints continue to challenge the position of women
and girls. For e0ample( the entrenchment of patriarch& in customs( traditions( attitudes have led to
an intensification of discrimination against women and girls in man& forms. +here are variations
between the roles of girls and bo&s e.g. bo&s dominate public space and have more time to pla& than
girls who are e0pected to assist at home with the heav& wor:load< to pound sorghum( to care for
siblings( to fetch water etc. +he situation for girls is furthermore challenging as is reflected in the
attitudes towards the girl child as a source of wealth for the famil& through bride price that is paid
during marriage. .ronicall&( the girl child is not highl& valued as she is perceived to leave the home
to benefit another famil&. Child se0ual abuse and earl& pregnancies among girls in school are on the
increase
/
. +he marriages are often both earl& and forced. 8arl& marriages lead to earl& pregnancies.
+here is high teenage birth rate( estimated at about )** per 1*** among women aged 15<19 &ears
9
(
which can result in reproductive health issues( life long suffering and maternal mortalit&. Southern
Sudan has among the lowest health indicators in the world with Crude $ortalit& 3ate (C$3 under
5 &ears estimated at 1(;** deaths per 1**(*** live births
1*
. 9espite efforts at ma:ing laws and
constitutions progressive( societal attitudes and behaviours militate against women and girls
empowerment.
.n )**1( A.B%A.9s prevalence in southern Sudan( among the 15<D9 &ear olds was estimated at ).6
> (C.1> female( 1.1> $ale. As such( ver& low levels of A.B and A.9S awareness and
:nowledge( cultural practices and strong beliefs in m&ths and taboos around the disease( coupled
with mass returnee migration have continued to adversel& affect children
11
. +hese factors are li:el&
to further lead to abuse and e0ploitation of children especiall& girls( ma:ing them susceptible to
;
7orld Bank, +overty )ndicators &or -orn o& #&rica, !!;
/
Children*s voices during the Lakes, Jonglei and Northern Bahr El Ghazal )nter states Children*s con&erence organized $y Save the Children and
9'GS7<.# at +al% ,ree in .u%$ek, =
th
> (
th
Nove%$er !!(
9
,here is high teenage $irth rate, esti%ated at a$out !! per 0!!! a%ong wo%en aged 01?06 years according to @N4+# Situational analysis on
.eproductive health in Southern Sudan !!;/
1*
,he %aternal %ortality ratio is esti%ated at 0,;!! deaths per 0!!,!!! live $irths, $ut is $elieved to $e %uch higher than the currently presu%ed/ )t
was &ound that the %aAority o& wo%en who had he%orrhage, o$structed la$our, &istulae, co%plications o& unsa&e a$ortion, unwanted pregnancy were
young and were $elow ! years o& age/ )$id/
11
D
D
A.B%A.9S infection and impact
1)
. #imited capacit& to implement the national A.B%A.9S polic&(
inade4uate institutionali,ed health facilities( unchec:ed forms of child abuse at homes( schools and
communit& and high povert& levels ma& hinder mitigation of the scourge.
Child participation is a right under the Convention of the 3ights of the Child (C3C as well as a
tool for child protection. .t implies that children and &outh are to thin: for themselves( e0press
themselves and freel& interact with adults in a positive wa&. +his perception of child participation is
not familiar to most people in southern Sudan. According to SCS
1C
( adults perceive labour that
children do in the families or communities as s&non&mous with children"s participation. .n southern
Sudan( li:e in man& other societies( adults assume that the& :now what is best for children( and can
ma:e decisions for them without consulting them. +he traditions emphasise values such as( children
are to listen( but not to spea: to adults. 6orse still( girls are not to tal: in front of adults (men.
+hus( the cultural attitudes and social construction of communities in southern Sudan pose a m&riad
of challenges to children"s participation and decision<ma:ing in public forums for women and girls.
+he end result is that children and more so girls are not included or consulted in decision ma:ing
processes and %or lac: forums to consult as the& are considered ignorant and not competent. .n most
cases( adults alwa&s ta:e decisions on their behalf at home( in school( in communit& and at the
national level citing that children ma& not ma:e rational decisions.
+hough Sudan ratified the C3C in 199* and has formulated policies and programmes for the
survival and development of children( the Right to Participation of children is still at a bac: seat.
$eaningful children"s participation is not considered as part of the larger participation issue and an
element of democrac& and active citizenship. #ac: of wor: on adult participation( while wor:ing on
children"s participation often results in lac: of adult support to children. 6ithin local and
.nternational organi,ations( the 12 agencies and communities wor:ing for the reali,ation of
children"s rights in southern Sudan( the concept of children participation is &et to be full& integrated
in programming. $an& programmes are designed for children( but children are considered as
passive recipients and beneficiaries of these programmes. #ac: of participation of children from
poor families and rural areas( &ounger children( children with disabilities (C69s( girls( ethnic
minorit& children( and children with A.B%A.9S status( among others( are all of great concern from a
long time. At the same some organi,ations that involve children in their wor: have onl& been
successful in promoting participation of children in schools but less wor: is happening at
communit& and government level. 6or: on participation of children at famil& level still remains a
gre& area that needs to be addressed further.
53. Challenges to &e addressed &y the Project
Save the Children Sweden (SCS has since the late 19/*s been involved in activities to contribute to
the fulfillment of children"s rights in southern Sudan. +oda& SCS has a ver& well integrated
program where protection and development (mainl& focusing on education are ver& closel& lin:ed.
Save the Children (SC believes in creating a world where children"s voices are heard( respected
and acted upon. +he premise is( .t believes that given an enabling environment( children can e0press
their opinions( ta:e decisions in matters that affect their life and contribute to their protection and
development. SC"s rights based approach
1D
(35A perceives children as Rights Holders and
therefore not 7ust recipients of programmes but active participants with a sa& in prioriti,ing the
1)
1C
Child Participation Stud&( SCS( )**6
1D
Child Rights Programming: How to apply Rights Based Approaches to Programming A Handbook Save the Children #lliance 3
nd
Edition !!15
5
5
areas of wor: and its implementation. SC"s e0perience of wor:ing with children around the world
shows that children are contributors of toda& and not 7ust tomorrow
15
.
+hough children have man& rights given b& societies( the consciousness on the concept of H3ight"
has alwa&s been absent at times due to ignorance. +he 12 adopted the Convention on the 3ights of
Child (12C3C in 19/9 pulling together the rights of children from previous international
documents( giving an impetus to the rights of child. Sudan ratified the 12C3C in 199*.
Furthermore the African Charter of the 3ights and 6elfare of the Child (AC entered into force in
1999
16
. +he provision of human right is concerned with ensuring that all people( including children(
ever&where receive the rights conferred on them b& .nternational human rights instruments
1;
.
+a:ing the into consideration the conte0t and SCS e0perience( the proposed pro7ect will on the
overall see: to contribute to the protection and education of children in C states (#a:es( 'onglei and
2orthern 5ahr 8l !ha,al b& building the capacit& of girls and bo&s on 1niversal 9eclaration of
Auman 3ights (19A3
I)J
and its associated treaties mainl& the 12 convention on the 3ights of the
Child and the relevant optional protocols
1/
and relating them to the conte0t and in compliance with
the national legislation< CPA( !-SS .nterim Constitution( relevant states constitutions( and the
Child Act( among others so as to claim their right and have an influence on matters that affect them
in schools( at home( communit& and at the national level while at the same time addressing gender
ine4ualities and discrimination and preventative information on A.B%A.9S. +he pro7ect will wor:
in partnership with adults (parents( teachers and communit& groups (emerging C5-s( P+As and
CS!s( communit& leaders and government at different levels. 2etwor:ing and collaboration with
other agencies promoting children"s participation will be encouraged. Children clubs and students
councils will be the main avenue when wor:ing with children.
-ne of the four principles of 12C3C is Participation which is also widel& considered to be one of
the most important concepts in modern development theor&. +he UN System Network on Rural
Development and Food Security describes participation asG one o the ends as well as one o the
means o development
19
. Participation is a right to all children to e0press their opinions freel&( form
associations and access information. +he concept of participation is concerned with ensuring that
the children are involved in the planning( implementation( monitoring and evaluation of pro7ects.
+his is important as it empowers the target groups to influence and manage their own development <
thereb& removing the culture of dependenc&.
!ender is an important consideration in this pro7ect and will address stereot&pes( ine4ualities and
discrimination among and between girls and bo&s. Although data on gender for southern Sudan are
scant( there is concern that &ears of war and displacement have increased the prevalence of gender
ine4ualities as well as gender<based violence. +he pro7ect will focus on the lin:ages between
violence against girls
)*
(and women"s and other factors affecting girls such as earl& and forced
marriage( se0ual abuse( earl& pregnanc& as well as A.B%A.9S. +he pro7ect will further be
15
E2a%ples o& children*s participation range &ro% G9C 3Glo$al 9ove%ent &or Children5, @NG#SS 3@nited Nations General #sse%$ly Special
Session5, +.S+s 3+overty .eduction Strategy +aper5 and Bokaha%a 9,. 39id ,er% .eview5 to recent @nited Nations Study on Ciolence #gainst
Children
16
Sudan has rati&ied the #C.7C $ut with reservations which is not per%issi$le
1;
httpDEEwww/unhchr/chEht%Eintinst/ht%
1/
'ptional protocol to the @NC.C on the involve%ent o& children in ar%ed con&lict and 'ptional protocol on sale, child prostitution and child
pornography
19
httpDEEen/wikipedia/orgEwikiEinternationalFdevelop%entGciteFnote?GciteFnote?
6
6
strengthened to address gender issues and particularl& the role of girls in school( at famil& level(
communit& and at the national arena. 5& wor:ing with child rights clubs and students councils( this
pro7ect plans to understand the different gender roles and e0pectation within the societ& as a means
to address gender<e4ualit& and to ensure participation of girls in all matters that affect them.
+he !-SS .nterim Constitution has provision for a minimum of )5> women in public sector
positions at all levels
)1
. +he pro7ect will create awareness among children( parents( teachers(
communit& groups and leaders and government officers in line with airmative action provision so
as to encourage girls and women to step forward and participate in all pro7ect<supported fora. SCS
will advocate and encourage female models in children groups( schools( communit& and other levels
so as to encourage girls" participation.
+here has been growing recognition that the involvement of bo&s and men is crucial to promote
gender e4ualit&( challenge gender<stereot&pes and to combat violence against children( women and
girls and men
))
. +here is also an understanding that to stop men"s violence it is important to redefine
what it means to be a man. !irls( bo&s( women and men all suffer albeit in different wa&s in gender
and age<specific wa&s( as a result of dominant and aggressive male gender roles and gender
ine4ualit&. +he narrow path of traditional masculinities ma& provide &oung bo&s with a sense of
entitlement to power( but it also chips awa& at the possibilities of building health& and e4uitable
relationships with women%girls%men%bo&s as well as other men and traps them into a web of fear and
inade4uacies. 5ased on Save the Children 8thiopia e0periences on gender ine4ualities and the ris:
of contracting A.B%A.9S. 6e :now there is a growing understanding of the influence of
sociali,ation process and societal e0pectations that drive bo&s and men to become perpetrators of
violence. Aowever a limited field e0periences e0ist to prove to actors interested in involving bo&s"
in violence and A.B prevention programs. Save the Children Sweden therefore would want to
implement a pro7ect that will provide forum for bo&s and girls to discuss issues surrounding gender
ine4ualit&( se0ualit&( violence so that to promote the idea of positive change within their
communities. .n building these new models Save the Children Sweden will collaborate adults and
with local groups the communit& groups= P+As and CS!s( children rights clubs and students"
councils.
.n the &ear )***( the 1nited 2ations signed the 1nited 2ations $illennium 9eclaration which
includes eight $illennium 9evelopment !oals to be achieved b& )*15 or )*)*. +his pro7ect is
informed and will contribute to $9!s reali,ation in southern Sudan. +he pro7ect also aims at
boosting the self esteem of the children and thus will ensure that dignit& is a central theme
throughout the course of the pro7ect
+he program aims at integrating child protection in all emergenc& preparedness. 6e intend to
integrate emergenc& preparedness b& training children on how to protect themselves if a disaster or
conflict occurs( particularl& on issues of separation( se0ual violence and recruitment. Also children
in child right clubs and communit& based groups will be offered this training. +he wor: on
)*
4or the purpose o& this proposal, re&erence to girl and $oys 3persons $elow 0(yrs5 takes into account the issues and concerns around wo%en and
%en respectively
)1
G'SS )nteri% Constitution, 1 8ec !!1, +art , Bill o& .ights section ! 3=a5
))
SC Glo$al Capacity Building 7orkshop on 7orking with Boys and 9en on Ending Ciolence against Children, ?= January !!;
#gra, )ndia
;
;
emergenc& preparedness will be done 7ointl& with the other members of Save the Children Alliance
and the South Sudan 3elief and 3ehabilitation Commission( among others.
63. Project strategy
SCS" will appl& Child 3ights Programming (C3P approaches being the cornerstone of our wor: as
e0pressed in the 12C3C. .n its entiret&( the pro7ect wor: will be based on the four general
principles of the 12C3C
)C
and ideall& operate at all levels of societ&( ensuring lin:s from one level
to another and so ma0imi,ing impact. SCS will see: to understand what girls and bo&s
participation rights are being violated and wh& and adopt a child<centred approach to wor: and
incorporate all that is recogni,ed as good children"s participation practice. SC Practice Standard in
Promoting children participation tool will be applied. SCS will pa& attention to the most
marginali,ed= girls( &ounger children in pre<schools( children with disabilit&( and children out of
school( whose rights are presentl& least assured. +he processes will be participator& with a variet&
of sta:eholders. +he overall goal is a measurable impact on the lives of girls and bo&s and their
rights.
+his proposal also outlines a pro7ect which aims to build on innovative approaches into the e0isting
SCS education and protection programmes and to bridge the gaps in SCS" children"s participation
wor: in C states and at the !-SS level. Child participation is one of the cross cutting thematic
issues in SCS program in southern Sudan. +he pro7ect will also address other issues such as good
governance for the best interest of the children( advocate against discrimination through the civil
societ&. .n the absence of established civil societ& in the C states( SCS will identif& and wor: with
emerging Communit& 5ased -rgani,ations( P+As and Communit& Support !roups. Children"s
clubs and students councils will be the avenues for wor:ing with children. +his pro7ect will be
further strengthened b& the past e0periences and lessons learnt during implementation.
For effective implementation of the pro7ect( 1 programme officer will coordinate implementation
and ensure the da& to da& management and monitoring and evaluation of the pro7ect. At the states
and count& levels( C pro7ect officers and C assistant pro7ect officers will implement the activities
respectivel&. ; communit& mobili,ers will wor: at the pa&am level. +he pro7ect will utili,e SCS
program e4uipment. Aowever( during the pro7ect 1 lap top computer and 1 des:top and printer will
be re4uired for effective implementation.
-verall( the pro7ect will aim to enhance the understanding of a child focused and rights based
approach which includes meaningful child participation( non<discrimination and accountabilit&= the
development of a viable children clubs and students councils in school( a strong adult support
mechanism through the emerging communit& and civil societ& organi,ations and respectful
partnership. SCS will use the following methods= Research and knowledge dissemination! direct
support! capacity "uilding! #dvocacy! #wareness creation! colla"oration and partnership "uilding$
a3 7esearch and $nowledge dissemination
5& the start of the pro7ect in )**9( Save the Children Sweden will carr& carried out a surve& on
children"s participation in C states with the aim of learning how girls and bo&s participate in school(
)C
+he four general principles in the C3C are child participation( non<discrimination= best interests of the child= and the child"s right to survival and
development
/
/
communit& and at the national levels( determine the safet& of these environments for bo&s and girls
as well as learn about rights violations related to gender ine4ualities.
3el&ing on the findings of the documentation( the second step of the pro7ect will be developing a
child friendl& manual for wor:ing with children that incorporates concepts of human rights and
gender. +he pro7ect will consult children to develop a child friendl& manual. +o strengthen the
gender and se0ualit& component( the pro7ect will wor: learn from SCS wor: on gender and
se0ualit& for girls and bo&s in southern Sudan and in the region. 9uring this phase( an independent
consultant will be commissioned to wor: with SCS program staff in data collection and to design a
training manual to ensure that it ta:es into account the concepts of human rights and gender
according to southern Sudan cultural and legal conte0t. +his phase will ta:e C months.
&3 Awareness creation
Awareness creation will be central during the pro7ect period and will target parents and
communities aimed at addressing ignorance on child rights :nowledge as well as address attitudes
change. Children"s clubs in school and communit& will be trained to create awareness on their
rights among fellow children and communities during child rights events and national da&s such as
9a& of the African Child( !irls 8ducation 9a&( and 9a& of Action( SP#$ 9a& etc. !irls and bo&s
involved during the pro7ect period are e0pected to become advocates to spea: up on child rights
issues and discuss them with adults during communit& meetings.
c3 Capacity 0uilding
Capacit& building will entail training( organi,ational development and advocac& for legal and
institutional framewor: development. SCS will conduct training for staff( children through child
rights clubs( communit& groups<P+As and CS!s( parents( communit& leaders and government
officers on human rights and gender. +he capacit& building programme will target human resource
development( which is the process of e4uipping individuals with the understanding( s:ills and
access to information( :nowledge and training that enables them to perform effectivel&.
6hen wor:ing with local communit& group< P+As( CS!s as well as child right clubs( the pro7ect
will focus on aspects of organi,ational development( which will include the elaboration of
management structures( processes and procedures( not onl& within organi,ations but also the
management of relationships between the different organi,ations and other sectors (public( private
and communit&.

5& training SCS staff( the pro7ect will be aiming to mainstream the concepts of human rights and
gender in all SCS and partner programmes. +he first phase in this stage will be to train )* SCS
programme staff using the manual so that the staff can incorporate the concepts of human rights(
gender and non discrimination in their wor:. .t is e0pected that the staff( children( communit&
groups and communit& members will continue to appl& the s:ills and :nowledge in their wor: thus
ensuring sustainabilit& of the pro7ect. 6e need to ta:e into consideration that gender awareness in
southern Sudan is not full& addressed and given due attention as it should be. !ender concepts will
be mainstreamed into all SCS and partners" programmes
d3 Advocacy
+he pro7ect will target institutional and legal framewor: development which will entail engaging
the government to ma:e legal and regulator& changes to enable individuals( groups( organi,ations
and institutions at all levels and in all sectors to enhance their capacities on human rights( the
9
9
.nterim constitution and child Act( gender e4uit& and non discrimination for the best interest of the
child. Specificall&( the pro7ect will see: to lobb& for enactment of the teachers code of conduct(
recognition of child rights clubs and students councils as avenues for children"s participation in
schools and communit&( increase in budgetar& allocation for basic education and 8C9 and training
and recruitment of more female teachers as role models for girls( among other.
e3 )irect support
!irls who have come of age miss man& hours of schooling during their menses &et the societ&
e0pects them to perform at the same level with bo&s who are in school all the time. .n southern
Sudan protective wear for girls during their menses is not &et available in the mar:et and where it is
the prices are out of reach for the girls. SCS will provide 5*** comfort :its for girls in primar&
schools and C K8C to ensure that the& do not miss out on school da&s during their menses. Support
will be given to child rights clubs to carr& out their activities as well as for e0changing e0perience
with other clubs e.g. the Child Act will be disseminated to children in 15 schools among other
materials such as pla& materials and drama costumes and so on.
23. Target groups
+he programme will focus on building capacit& children in schools and child rights clubs and
students" councils amongst( SCS staff( teachers( parents and communities( and emerging
communit& groups including the P+As and CS!s( local leaders and government officials.
23+3 Child rights clu&s
Child rights club are organi,ed group of children who come together to learn( share( promote and
translate the 12C3C and the AC36C into their dail& life and activities at home( school(
communit&( national and international spheres. Child rights clubs encourage children"s participation
b& e0ploring their abilities. +he target group is all bo&s and girls aged 6<1/ &ears( in and out of
school( with respect to their evolving capacities. # children%s clu" is "oth a protection and
development structure that provides a safe place for children to learn( pla&( and carr& out activities
that benefit them. +he interests of the children direct club activities and fit well within a communit&
based approach which SCS applies in Southern Sudan as children are an integral part of an&
communit&.
23-3 Community Support 8roups 9CS8s:
.n the absence of civil societ& actors( SCS has promoted the establishment of child rights focused
communit& structures called communit& support groups (CS!s. 8ach CS!s is composed of 11<15
men and women who volunteer to sensiti,e and mobili,e their communities on issues affecting
children at the grassroots level. +hese CS!s are the main partner of SCS
2353 Parents Teachers Associations 9PTAs:
P+As are associations in which teachers and parents are bound together b& common goals for
promoting education for children. Parent +eacher Associations are responsible for managing school
affairs in the Southern Sudan. +he $inistr& of 8ducation( Science and +echnolog& ($-8S+
defined the specific tas:s of P+As and the role the& pla& in school management in the education
polic& for Southern Sudan
)D
. 3esearch indicates that famil& and communit& involvement in
education improves the 4ualit& of education b& increasing the sense of ownership( mobili,ing
)D
Ministry of education, science and technology government of southern Sudan; training guide for parent teacher
associations and school management committees, juba, southern Sudan, December 2007
1*
1*
resources( and building institutionali,ing capacit&. -ne of the most common forms of communit&
participation in schools is through Parent +eacher Associations.
P+A for the model 8C9 will be trained on their roles and responsibilities to assist in the da& to da&
running of the center as well as create awareness on the importance of earl& childhood education
which enables children access education opportunities at an earl& age. +he $C is crucial in the
running of the K8C and hence will be trained on their roles and responsibilities.
13. Colla&oration and Partnerships with the 8overnment
SCS will wor: ver& closel& with the !oSS and relevant line ministries during the implementing of
the pro7ect. SCS will liaise with the $inistr& of !ender Social 6elfare and 3eligious Affairs(
$inistr& of .nformation( Culture( Kouth and Sports and $inistr& of 8ducation officials and S33C
on relevant matters pertaining to this pro7ect such training government officers and on monitoring
and evaluation of the training. +he pro7ect will further wor: with the relevant line ministries polic&
ma:ers and teachers so as to promote child friendl& policies and methodologies respectivel&. +he
pro7ect will also support e0change visits as a wa& of engaging the government at different levels to
recogni,e and develop child friendl& policies.
13. Project 8oal
5& the end of pro7ect in )**9( capacit& of children and adults in SCS areas of operations in southern
Sudan build on concepts of human rights and gender enabling them to meaningfull& respond to
child rights violations and gender ine4ualities in school( communit&( and national level.
!eneral commentG since we have emphasi,ed our interest in wor:ing with girls and bo&s on issues
of gender violence( . thin: we need to ma:e it more visible in one or two activities below( ma&be
supporting meetings forums where bo&s and girls meet do discuss issues.
13+3 Project *&jectives
0aseline
6.1.1. 5& )**9( Children in SCS areas of operation have capacit& and influence in creating safe
environments at home( school and communit&
&.'.'.'. (onduct a "aseline survey on children)s capacity to inluence and claim their rights
!nternal capacity &uilding
6.1.). 5& )**9( SCS program staff have capacit& mainstream C3P and gender within its program
and partners
6.1.).1. 9evelop and pre test a children"s training manual incorporating child rights( gender and
A.B%A.9S
6.1.).). +rain )* staff as +o+s on Children"s participation( non discrimination( gender and
A.B%A.9S
Children rights to Protection
6.1.C. Children in schools and child rights clubs supported b& SCS in southern Sudan are capable
of advocating for the right of protection.
6.1.C.1. +rain C child rights clubs on child rights( .nterim Constitution and the Child Act
6.1.C.). +rain C children" rights clubs on safe and protective environment (Focus on PAP(
se0ualit& education and A.B%A.9S
11
11
6.1.C.C. Support child rights clubs in C schools through provision of advocac& materials to
discuss child rights( the !-SS .nterim constitution and the Child Act with their peers
and communit& through creative activities
6.1.C.D. $obili,e C child rights clubs to produce advocac& messages
6.1.C.5. Support printing of 1*** childrenEs advocac& calendars based on childrenEs messages
Children protection in emergencies
6.1.D. Children"s opinion is incorporated in reintegration programs for formerl& abducted(
separated and unaccompanied children in SCS operation areas of southern Sudan.
6.1.D.1. Support formation of students councils as channels of consulting children and &outh
during the recruitment and on the da& to da& running of the K8C
Children;s right to <ducation
6.1.5. 5& )**9( C child rights clubs have capacit& to influence and claim their rights to a safe and
protective environment at different levels of societ&
6.1.5.1. 6or: with $o!S6L3A to organi,e an inter states children"s consultative forum with
6*
)5
participants
6.1.5.). Support C child rights clubs to lead other children to advocate for their rights during
national da&s and child rights events
)6
6.1.5.C. Provide girls in schools with 5(*** comfort :its to ensure the& learn without
interruptions
Civil Society for the 7ights of the child
6.1.6 5& )**9( capacit& of C P+As and CS!s on concepts of human rights and gender is
increased to advocate for the rights of all children in a safe and protective environment
6.1.6.1 Conduct C trainings with P+As and CS!s on human rights and gender
6.1.6.) Support ; communit& dialogue forums to create awareness on safe and protective
environment for all children
<mergency preparedness
6.1.;. 5& )**9( children"s clubs capacit& in disaster ris: reduction in SCS operation areas in
southern Sudan benefits adults and other children
6.1.;.1. +rain children in C child rights clubs on disaster preparedness and ris: reduction
=3.3 #onitoring and <valuation
+he monitoring of the pro7ect will be done in form of different activities includingG
5aseline Surve&G +his will be carried out to establish the situation of children"s rights to
participation and to set benchmar:s for comparison at various points in the pro7ect to
establish progress made.
Periodic field visits b& SCS staff at various levels
Periodic reports as agreed once the proposal is funded
)5
22 children, 10 teachers, 10 government officials, 10parents, S!S staff
)6
"ossible days include#Day of $ction, S"%M Day on May 1&
th
, Day of the $frican !hild on 'une 1& and (irls )ducation Day
on 7
th
'uly
1)
1)
Muarterl& reflection meetings of the implementing team composed of focal points in state
and count& levels led b& the field managers or programme officer
8nd of pro7ect evaluation.
6e can use the indicators that we have in the +PPs and also the methods of data collection.
>3.3 Sustaina&ility
+he pro7ect will ta:e into account the social( economic( political and environmental aspects to
ensure sustainabilit&. 6e will also endeavour to wor: with the local communit&( government and
other relevant sta:eholders. SCS has a D &ear strategic planning for *9<*1) and this pro7ect will be
integrated in the plan to ensure continuit& b& the end of )**9. +o enhance sustainabilit& be&ond the
wor: of SCS( we will build capacit& of children( communit& groups and communit& members(
relevant government officers as well as networ: with other sta:eholders concerned so as to increase
the abilit& of the target groups to continue their future development alone( without e0ternal support.
/3.3 Conflict ris$ assessment
Southern Sudan has emerged from conflict and continues to e0perience sporadic conflicts such as
tribal clashes( cattle rustling which necessitates us to plan around such a bac: drop. +he
implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA is also a factor to be considered as
there is an election in )**9 and a referendum in )*11. +here is a ris: that providing services to a
population that so gravel& lac:s basic services can cause local conflicts( due to services not
covering all communities.
+.3.3 7is$ and ris$ management
Southern Sudan is one of the most high<ris: areas to wor: in. +he peace has been in place for C N
&ears but is still fragile. +he region is affected b& natural disasters in form of seasonal flooding.
#ocal conflicts on land and cattle emerge fre4uentl&. 5eing a high ris: and hardship area( the staff
turnover is high. Southern Sudan also lac:s local staff capacit& and the program has been heavil&
dependent on staff from neighbouring countries.
*anagement o risksG An on<going political anal&sis is needed to be able to prepare for different
scenarios in light of the 8lection )**9 and the 3eferendum )*11( as well as securit& awareness and
a continuousl& updated Securit& Plan. Programs need to be implemented in close and transparent
forms with both local authorities and communities( e0plaining e g wh& an activit& is in communit&
A and not in communit& 5 and when communit& 5 will be considered. Conflicts can also be over
bridged and prevented b& SCS facilitating e0change between communities( sharing e0perience on
protecting their children and advocating for services. 5uilding capacit& of local staff is needed to
build their capacit&.
++3.3 Project 'ocale
+he pro7ect plans to directl& implement the outline activities in three states where SCS operates i.e.
'onglei( 2orthern 5ahr 8l !ha,al and #a:es. .n addition( the pro7ect will be implemented and
contribute :nowledge( ideas and e0periences that will be beneficial to the national( regional and
globall&.
+-3.3 Project Time Frame
1C
1C
+he pro7ect is part of SCS ongoing wor: on children"s participation. Aowever( the specific activities
under this pro7ect will commence in 'anuar& )**9 for a period of 1 &ear based on availabilit& of
resources proposed in the budget.
1D
1D