Shake 2000 Tutorial

0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period (sec)
P
s
e
u
d
o
- A
b
s
o
l u
t e
A
c
c
e
l e
r a
t i o
n
( g
)
-0.025
-0.02
-0.015
-0.01
-0.005
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
-0.025 -0.02 -0.015 -0.01 -0.005 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025

SHAKE2000
A Computer Program
for the 1-D Analysis of
Geotechnical Earthquake
Engineering Problems

Quick Tutorial

Gustavo A. Ordez

ShakEdit Copyright Gustavo A. Ordonez, 2011. All Rights Reserved.
SHAKE2000 Copyright Gustavo A. Ordonez, 2011. All Rights Reserved.

SHAKE2000 Quick Tutorial - Page No. 2

SHAKE2000
A Computer Program for the 1-D Analysis of Geotechnical
Earthquake Engineering Problems

A software application that integrates

SHAKE
A Computer Program for Earthquake Response Analysis of Horizontally
Layered Sites
Per B. Schnabel, J ohn Lysmer, H. Bolton Seed
University of California, Berkeley

and

SHAKE91
A Modified Version of SHAKE for Conducting Equivalent Linear Seismic
Response Analyses of Horizontally Layered Soil Deposits
I .M. I driss and J .I . Sun
University of California, Davis

with

ShakEdit
A Pre and Postprocessor for SHAKE and SHAKE91
Gustavo A. Ordez

September 2011 - Revision

T Te er rm ms s a an nd d C Co on nd di it ti io on ns s f fo or r L Li ic ce en ns si in ng g t th he e S So of ft tw wa ar re e
YOU SHOULD READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS CAREFULLY BEFORE USING THE SOFTWARE.
INSTALLATION OF THE SOFTWARE INTO YOUR COMPUTER INDICATES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THESE TERMS AND
CONDITIONS. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE WITH THEM, YOU SHOULD RETURN THE PACKAGE PROMPTLY AND YOUR MONEY
WILL BE REFUNDED. These programs are provided by the authors. Title to the media on which the software is recorded and to the
documentation in support thereof is transferred to the customer, but title to the software is retained by the authors. GeoMotions, LLC owns all
intellectual property in the programs. GeoMotions, LLC permits you to use the programs only in accordance with the terms of this agreement.
You assume responsibility for the selection of the software to achieve your intended results and for the installation of the software, the use of and
the results obtained from the software.
L Li ic ce en ns se e
You may use the software on only one machine at any one time.
You may copy the software for back up only in support of such use.
You may not use, copy, modify, or transfer the software, or any copy, in whole or part, except as expressly provided in this document.
You may not sell, sub-license, rent, or lease this software.
You may not reverse engineer, decompile or disassemble the programs to obtain the source code.
Although the software was tested, you are solely responsible for using and interpreting the results obtained from execution of the software.
When first using the software, you should compare the results from the software with manual calculations and/or results from other
computer software to verify the reliability of the program.
The software is not teaching tools for one-dimensional dynamic analysis.
The authors do not guarantee nor imply the accuracy or reliability of this software or related documentation. As such, they cannot be held
responsible for incorrect results or damages resulting from the use of this software. It is the responsibility of the user to determine the
usefulness and technical accuracy of this software in his/her own environment.
This software was not developed as a network application. Thus, it should not be installed on a Network Server.
Installation of the software onto your computer indicates your acceptance of the terms and conditions in this agreement.
T Te er rm ms s
The license is effective until terminated. You may terminate it any time by destroying the software together with any back-up copies. It will also
terminate if you fail to comply with any term or condition of this agreement. You agree upon such termination to destroy the software together
with any back-up copies, modifications, and/or merged portions in any form.
W Wa ar rr ra an nt ty y
The authors will correct any errors in the code at no charge after the purchase date of the software. Notification of a suspected error must be
made in writing, with a complete listing of the input and output files and description of the error. If, in the judgment of the authors, the code does
contain an error, the authors will (at their option) correct or replace the copy at no cost to the user or refund the initial purchase price of the
software. These warranties are exclusive and in lieu of all other warranties, whether expressed or implied, including the implied warranties of
merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. No oral or written information or advice given by the authors, distributors,
dealers or agents shall increase the scope of the above warranties or create any new warranties. Some states do not allow the exclusion of implied
warranties, so the above exclusion may not apply to you. In that event, any implied warranties are limited in duration to ninety (90) days from
the date of delivery of the software. This warranty gives you specific legal rights. You may have rights, which vary from state to state.
L Li im mi it ta at ti io on n o of f L Li ia ab bi il li it ty y
The software is a complex program which requires engineering expertise to use correctly. The authors assume absolutely no responsibility for the
correct use of this software. All results obtained should be carefully examined by an experienced professional engineer to determine if they are
reasonable and accurate. Although the authors have endeavored to make the software error free, the program is not and cannot be certified as
infallible. Therefore, the authors make no warranty, either implicit or explicit, as to the correct performance or accuracy of this software. In no
event shall the authors be liable to anyone for special, collateral, incidental, or consequential damage in connection with or arising out of
purchase or use of this software. The sole and exclusive liability to the authors, regardless of the form of action, shall not exceed the purchase
price of this software.
U US SB B H Ha ar rd dw wa ar re e K Ke ey y
Title to the USB Hardware Key(s) associated with a license belongs to GeoMotions, LLC. You are wholly responsible for maintaining and
safeguarding the USB Hardware Key. We reserve the right to determine the cost of replacing a lost or stolen USB Hardware Key, up to and
including the cost of a new license.
S Su up pp po or rt t
The authors will provide telephone or electronic mail support, at no charge, to assist the licensee in the installation of the software on his or her
computer system. Additionally, general assistance may be provided in aiding the licensee in understanding the capabilities of the various features
of the software. However, no-cost assistance is not provided for help in applying the software to specific user-defined problems. We reserve the
right to determine what qualifies as no-cost assistance, and what requires payment. In all instances, the user is encouraged to send the problem
description and/or data files to the authors by electronic mail in order to minimize the amount of time spent trying to define the problem and/or to
provide help with a problem.
C Co op py yr ri ig gh ht t N No ot ti ic ce e
The software and accompanying manual are copyrighted with all rights reserved by the authors, respectively. Under United States Copyright
Laws, the software and its accompanying documentation may not be copied, in whole or in part, except to make a backup copy for archival
purpose only. Any other copying, selling or otherwise distributing this software is hereby expressly forbidden. All products and brand names are
trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
E Ex xp po or rt t L La aw w A As ss su ur ra an nc ce es s
You agree that the software will not be shipped, transferred or exported directly, into any country prohibited by the United States Export
Administration Act and the regulations there under nor will be used for any purpose prohibited by the Act.

If you do not agree to these terms and conditions, please return the full product with proof of purchase within 30 days for a full refund, minus
shipping and handling costs.

SHAKE2000
A Computer Program for the 1-D Analysis of
Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Problems

Quick Tutorial

9/30/2011
1
SHAKE2000 Quick Tutorial
by:
SHAKE2000 Quick Tutorial
by:
Gustavo A. Ordonez
GeoMotions, LLC
Lacey, Washington
USA
Gustavo A. Ordonez
GeoMotions, LLC
Lacey, Washington
USA
1111 Copyright Copyright 2011 GeoMotions, LLC 2011 GeoMotions, LLC Copyright Copyright 2011 GeoMotions, LLC 2011 GeoMotions, LLC
September 2011 September 2011
Problem definition (research, data
collection, soils exploration, etc.)
S l ti f th k d ti
Develop input data for analysi s:
- SHAKE / D-MOD 2 column
Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Analysis using
GeoMotions Software Suite
PSHA: SEISRISK III
USGS Maps
Selection of earthquake ground motion:
- USGS Seismic hazard data
- Attenuation Relationships
- Ground motion records conversion
- Matching of response spectrum
- Mean Response Spectrum
- Semi-automated selection of records
_
- Material properties (G/Gmax and | vs.
curves, tmo, k, sat, wet, Er, etc.)
- Estimation of material parameters
based on field and/or laboratory data
- Creation of input file for analysi s phase
Anal ysis phase (SHAKE, D-MOD_2) Anal ysis results/Design data:
- Peak acceleration, Shear Stress
- Response spectra
- Acceleration & Shear
Stress/Strain time histories
- Pore Water Pressure
- Degradation Index (clay)
- Stress-Strain loops
Liquefaction analysis:
- Soil Liquefaction
- CSR based on shear stresses
from SHAKE or from simplified
Seed & Idriss equation
Ratio of Response
Spectrum Anal ysis
Random Generation
of Input Data
SHAKE2000 Features
Displacement analysis:
- Newmark Method
- Makdisi & Seed
- Liquefaction-induced
lateral spreading
- Bray & Travasarou
Seed & Idriss equation
- CRR from SPT, BPT, Vs or CPT
Earthquake induced settlement analysis:
Tokimatsu & Seed, Ishihara & Yoshimine,
Wu, Zhang et al.
Graphical and/or tabular representation of results
SHAKE2000 Features
D-MOD2000 Features
RspMatchEDT Features
SHAKE2000 & D-MOD2000
SHAKE2000, D-MOD2000 &
RspMatchEDT
9/30/2011
2
Seismic Hazard Analysis
The process by which design ground motion parameters are
established for a seismic analysis.
In general a SHA can be classified as either deterministic
The process by which design ground motion parameters are
established for a seismic analysis.
In general a SHA can be classified as either deterministic In general, a SHA can be classified as either deterministic
(DSHA) or probabilistic (PSHA) depending on the approach
taken.
In general, a SHA can be classified as either deterministic
(DSHA) or probabilistic (PSHA) depending on the approach
taken.
Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis
A DSHA involves the following basic steps:
1. Identification of all relevant sources;
A DSHA involves the following basic steps:
1. Identification of all relevant sources;
2. Determination of the controlling earthquake for each
source (Magnitude, M, and Distance, R);
3. Selection of ground motion relationships and
probability level (typically Median or Median+);
4. Computation of the design ground motion parameter
for Median or Median+; and,
5. Selection of largest ground motion and corresponding
Magnitude and Distance scenario.
2. Determination of the controlling earthquake for each
probability level (typically Median or Median+);
for Median or Median+; and,
5. Selection of largest ground motion and corresponding
Magnitude and Distance scenario.
Magnitude and Distance scenario. Magnitude and Distance scenario.
FHWA (1997). Geotechnical Engineering Circular #3, Design Guidance: Geotechnical Earthquake
Engineering for Highways, Volume I Design Principles. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department
of Transportation, Washington, DC, May 1997.
Norm Abrahamson EERI 2009 - http://nees.unr.edu/outreach/Abrahamson_eeri2009.pdf.
9/30/2011
3
Select Controlling Magnitude-Distance Scenario
Source 1, M
1
Source 2, M
2
Source 3, M
3
R
1 R
2
R
3
Source 3, M
3
Peak Horizontal Acceleration Attenuation Curve
1 It appears
h S 2
PGA (g)
0.1
M
1
M
PGA
2
PGA
3
PGA
1
that Source 2
controls
Distance (km)
0.01
1 10 100 1000
R
1
R
3
R
2
M
2
M
3
9/30/2011
4
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis
A PSHA involves the following basic steps:
1. Identification of all possible and relevant sources;
Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis
A PSHA involves the following basic steps:
1. Identification of all possible and relevant sources;
2. Determination of all possible earthquakes for each
consideration of all possible probability levels (Median
range of );
for all M, R, and Median range of ; and,
5. Compute rate at which each scenario ground motion
2. Determination of all possible earthquakes for each
consideration of all possible probability levels (Median
range of );
for all M, R, and Median range of ; and,
occurs; rank in decreasing order of severity of shaking;
sum up rates; and, select a summed rate for which
ground motion is equal or larger to a specified level.
6. Deaggregate to obtain most likely scenario.
occurs; rank in decreasing order of severity of shaking;
sum up rates; and, select a summed rate for which
ground motion is equal or larger to a specified level.
6. Deaggregate to obtain most likely scenario.
Norm Abrahamson EERI 2009 - http://nees.unr.edu/outreach/Abrahamson_eeri2009.pdf.
Deterministic Approach:
The earthquake hazard at the site is a peak ground
acceleration of #.## g resulting from an earthquake of
magnitude #.# on the @@@@@@ Fault at a distance of
acceleration of #.## g resulting from an earthquake of
magnitude #.# on the @@@@@@ Fault at a distance of magnitude #.# on the @@@@@@ Fault at a distance of
## miles from the site.
Probabilistic Approach:
acceleration of #.## g with a # percent probability of being
exceeded in a ##-year period.
magnitude #.# on the @@@@@@ Fault at a distance of
## miles from the site.
acceleration of #.## g with a # percent probability of being
exceeded in a ##-year period.
FEMA Instruction Material Complementing FEMA 451, Design Examples Seismic Hazard Analysis 5a-4
9/30/2011
5
Site-Specific
Seismic Hazard Analysis & Site Response
1. Define the subsurface conditions at the site.
2. Define the significant structures and seismogenic source
Site-Specific
Seismic Hazard Analysis & Site Response
1. Define the subsurface conditions at the site.
2. Define the significant structures and seismogenic source g g
zones in the region that may affect the site.
3. Determine the peak rock accelerations at the site
corresponding to the different earthquake sources.
4. Develop a target response spectrum for each source
mechanism.
5. Select representative time histories of ground motion
from similar tectonic environments that would
approximately match the target response spectrum.
g g
zones in the region that may affect the site.
3. Determine the peak rock accelerations at the site
corresponding to the different earthquake sources.
4. Develop a target response spectrum for each source
mechanism.
5. Select representative time histories of ground motion
approximately match the target response spectrum.
pp y g p p
6. Conduct the seismic site-response analysis (i.e. evaluate
the influence of local site conditions on seismic ground
motions).
pp y g p p
6. Conduct the seismic site-response analysis (i.e. evaluate
the influence of local site conditions on seismic ground
motions).
Rock Outcropping
Motion
Response Spectra
Acceleration Time
Hi t
Surface Response Spectra
1.6
Site-Specific Seismic Hazard Analysis & Site Response Site-Specific Seismic Hazard Analysis & Site Response
Attenuation Relationship
(PGA S
a, target
)
SHAKE
Shear Stress/Strain
Time History
History
Site
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period (sec)
Pseudo-Spectral Acceleratio
10 10 10 10 Copyright Copyright 2011 GeoMotions, LLC 2011 GeoMotions, LLC Copyright Copyright 2011 GeoMotions, LLC 2011 GeoMotions, LLC
Magnitude (M),
Distance (R)
Bedrock Motion
9/30/2011
6
Site-Specific Analysis - Step 1 Site-Specific Analysis - Step 1 p y p
Define the subsurface conditions at the site
p y p
Define the subsurface conditions at the site
Sample Problem Sample Problem
Depth (ft) V
s
(ft/sec)
10 573
Fill, Sand & Gravel
= 125 pcf
25
40
50
758
656
802
= 125 pcf
Silty to Fine Sand, trace organics
= 100 pcf; 12% Fines
Silty Clay, Medium Stiff, PI = 35
= 110 pcf; S
u
= 1100 psf
Silty to Fine Sand, trace gravel
65
80
791
872
= 120 pcf; 35% Fines
Coarse Sand & Gravel
= 125 pcf
Halfspace - = 145 pcf 2500
NTS
9/30/2011
7
Site-Specific Analysis - Step 2 Site-Specific Analysis - Step 2 Site Specific Analysis Step 2
Define the significant structures and seismogenic
source zones in the region that may affect the site
Site Specific Analysis Step 2
Sample Problem Location
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/qfaults
Sample Problem Location
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/regional/qfaults
Site
9/30/2011
8
Site
Sample Problem Location Sample Problem Location
Site
Deterministic
Source M Distance
(k )
Deterministic
Source M Distance
(k ) (km)
Seattle Fault 7.2 53
Random Crustal 6.5 15
Southern Whidbey Island 7.4 15
Subduction-Intra-slab 7.5 70
Subduction-Interface 8.5 90
(km)
Seattle Fault 7.2 53
Random Crustal 6.5 15
Southern Whidbey Island 7.4 15
Subduction-Intra-slab 7.5 70
Subduction-Interface 8.5 90
9/30/2011
9
Seismic Hazard Deaggregation
http://eqint.cr.usgs.gov/deaggint/2008/index.php
3. Enter -122.17
for Longitude
1. Enter Marysville
for Site Name
2. Enter 48.05
for Latitude
4. Click on
Compute
1. Click on
TXT
9/30/2011
10
1. Scroll
down
Mode: M
w
6.6 @ 15.4 km - c: 1 to 2 o
Individual Fault Information
1. Select File and
then Save As
9/30/2011
11
1. Switch folders until you change to
GeoMotions\ShortCourse\SHAKE\USGS
Save USGS Hazard Matrix File
Save USGS Hazard Matrix File
2 Save as Text File
3 Click on
2. Save as Text File
(*.txt)
3. Click on
Save
1. Click to
l
close
9/30/2011
12
Probabilistic USGS 2% in 50 years
Frequency M Distance c
(k )
Probabilistic USGS 2% in 50 years
Frequency M Distance c
(k ) (km)
PGA:
Mode (2002) 6.2 8 1-2 o
Mode (2008) 6.6 15.4 1-2 o
0.2 sec:
Mode (2002) 6.2 7.9 1-2 o
Mode (2008) 6.6 15.1 1-2 o
(km)
PGA:
Mode (2002) 6.2 8 1-2 o
Mode (2008) 6.6 15.4 1-2 o
0.2 sec:
Mode (2002) 6.2 7.9 1-2 o
Mode (2008) 6.6 15.1 1-2 o
1 sec:
Mode (2002) 7.2 14.8 1-2 o
Mode (2008) 9.0 130.4 1-2 o
1 sec:
Mode (2002) 7.2 14.8 1-2 o
Mode (2008) 9.0 130.4 1-2 o
acceleration of 0.55 g (Median + 1, average A&S NGA,
B&A NGA, C&B NGA and C&Y NGA) resulting from an
acceleration of 0.55 g (Median + 1, average A&S NGA,
B&A NGA, C&B NGA and C&Y NGA) resulting from an B&A NGA, C&B NGA and C&Y NGA) resulting from an
earthquake of magnitude 7.4 on the Southern Whidbey
Island Fault at a distance of 15 km from the site.
acceleration of 0.47 g with a 2 percent probability of being
exceeded in a 50-year period. The most likely scenario
being a Magnitude 6 6 event at a distance of 15 3 km from
B&A NGA, C&B NGA and C&Y NGA) resulting from an
earthquake of magnitude 7.4 on the Southern Whidbey
Island Fault at a distance of 15 km from the site.
acceleration of 0.47 g with a 2 percent probability of being
exceeded in a 50-year period. The most likely scenario
being a Magnitude 6 6 event at a distance of 15 3 km from
being a Magnitude 6.6 event at a distance of 15.3 km from
the site with c 1 to 2 .
being a Magnitude 6.6 event at a distance of 15.3 km from
the site with c 1 to 2 .
9/30/2011
13
SHAKE2000 SHAKE2000
Double-click on the
SHAKE2000 icon
SHAKE2000 SHAKE2000
1. Click on the Help
command button
9/30/2011
14
1. Click to close
the help screen
SHAKE2000 Help SHAKE2000 Help
SHAKE2000 SHAKE2000
Options to create or to edit
an existing database file
9/30/2011
15
SHAKE2000 SHAKE2000
Options to process the
two SHAKE output files
SHAKE2000 SHAKE2000
Options to graphically
display the results from
the SHAKE analysis, and
other input information
9/30/2011
16
SHAKE2000 SHAKE2000
Other analyses
and utilities
options
SHAKE2000 SHAKE2000
2. Click
on Ok
1. Click on USGS Seismic
Hazard to select it
9/30/2011
17
1. Enter 122
for degrees
3 f
2. Enter 10
for minutes
Seismogenic Source Zones
3. Enter
48 for
degrees
PGA, S
S
and S
1
with 2%
probability of exceedance
in 50 years
4. Enter 3 for
minutes
6 Cli k O
5. Click on 2008
6. Click on Open
Folder icon
Open USGS Hazard Matrix File
Open USGS Hazard Matrix File
GeoMotions\ShortCourse\SHAKE\USGS
2. Click on the
Marysville_PGA_2008.txt
file to select it
3. Click on
Open
9/30/2011
18
1. Click
on Plot
Th di t it d
2 Click on
1. Click on the
symbol for the
tallest column
The distance, magnitude
and hazard contribution
are displayed
2. Click on
Close
9/30/2011
19
PSHDeaggregation - Marysville (122.170 W, 48.050 N) - USGS2008
5
6
7
8
9
10
0 %
1 %
2 %
3 %
4 %
5 %
6 %
0 km
50 km
100 km
150 km
200 km
Epsilon Interval: All Eps
X: Source to Site Dis tance (km)
Y: % Contribution to Hazard
Z: Magnitude ( Mw)
PGA=.468 g for 2475 years - Mean Hazard w/all GMPEs
2. Click
on Plot
1. Click on down-arrow for
Epsilon Interval and select
Highest Eps
9/30/2011
20
Th di t it d
2. Click on
The distance, magnitude
and hazard contribution
are displayed
Close
1. Click on the
symbol for the
tallest column
1. Click on
Close
9/30/2011
21
Determine the peak rock accelerations at the site
corresponding to the different earthquake sources
p y p
Determine the peak rock accelerations at the site
corresponding to the different earthquake sources
Peak Rock Accelerations at Site
& Ground Motion Duration
Peak Rock Accelerations at Site
& Ground Motion Duration
2 Click
1. Click on Ground
Motion Attenuation
Relations to select it
2. Click
on Ok
9/30/2011
22
Information on Faults and Attenuation Relations
http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1128/
Attenuation Relations
for crustal faults in PNW
Fault Information
9/30/2011
23
2. Enter 6.6
for Magnitude
3. Enter
60 for Dip
Peak Rock Acceleration at Site Peak Rock Acceleration at Site
4. Click on
M+1 Sigma
1. Click on
BA08 NGA,
CB08 NGA,
60 for Dip
5. Enter 17
for Width
and CY08 NGA
3. Click on
Rjb
1. Click on
Reverse
2. Click on Chiou
& Youngs
9/30/2011
24
Peak Rock Acceleration at Site
Vertical Faults Distance Measures
(Abrahamson & Shedlock, 1997)
Peak Rock Acceleration at Site
Vertical Faults Distance Measures
(Abrahamson & Shedlock, 1997)
r
jb
r
rup
r
hypo
r
seis
Seismogenic
depth
r
jb
= closest horizontal distance to the
vertical projection of the rupture, e.g. Boore
et al. (1997)
r
rup
= closest distance to the rupture
surface, e.g. Abrahamson & Silva (1997)
r
seis
= closest distance to the seismogenic
rupture surface, e.g. Campbell (1997)
r
hypo
= hypocentral distance, Atkinson
& Boore (1997)
Hypocenter
Abrahamson, N.A. and Shedlock, K.M. (1997). Overview. Seismological Research Letters, Volume
68, No. 1, January/February 1997.
( )
Seismogenic depth is the depth to the top
orogenic part of the crust.
NGA - Fault Geometry and Distance Measures
(NGA Models Version 2 - Excel Spreadsheet)
(NGA Models Version 2 - Excel Spreadsheet)
9/30/2011
25
(Kaklamanos et al., 2011)
(Kaklamanos et al., 2011)
Short Course Example Fault Geometry Short Course Example Fault Geometry
R
jb
= 0
Z
tor
Dip = 60
R
rup
R
rup
R
rup
NTS
9/30/2011
26
2. Click
on Ok
1. Click on
Rjb - Rx
1. Click on
Plot
9/30/2011
27
Median + 1 Sigma PGA
at R
rup
of 15 km
2. Click on
Close
1. Click on
symbol for
15 km
Close
Develop a target response spectrum for each source
mechanism
p y p
Develop a target response spectrum for each source
mechanism
9/30/2011
28
Develop Target Response Spectrum Develop Target Response Spectrum
2. Enter
8.7 for r
jb
1 Enter 15 4 1. Enter 15.4
for distance
3. Enter 17.2
for Rx
2. Click on GM
for GeoMean
1. Click on
Acceleration
Spectrum
3. Click on Save
Attenuation Data
4. Click on open
folder icon
9/30/2011
29
GeoMotions\ShortCourse\SHAKE\Quakes
Save Target Response Spectrum
(*.txt & *.csv files)
Save Target Response Spectrum
(*.txt & *.csv files)
2. Click on the attenuate.txt
file to select it
3. Click on
Save
1. Click
on Plot
9/30/2011
30
1. Click on
Close
1. Click on
Return
9/30/2011
31
Select representative time histories of ground motion
approximately match the target response spectrum
p y p
Select representative time histories of ground motion
approximately match the target response spectrum
Selection of Acceleration Time Histories
Using attenuation relationships, obtain a target, rock
acceleration response spectrum for each seismic event.
Select 7-10 acceleration time histories that approximate
characteristics of target spectrum
Using attenuation relationships, obtain a target, rock
acceleration response spectrum for each seismic event.
Select 7-10 acceleration time histories that approximate
characteristics of target spectrum characteristics of target spectrum.
Bommer, Julian J. and Ana Beatriz Acevedo (2004). The
Use of Real Earthquake Accelerograms as Input to Dynamic
Analysis. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, Volume 8,
Special Issue 1, pp. 43-91.
http://www.roseschool.it/docs/Dissertation2003-Acevedo.pdf
characteristics of target spectrum.
Bommer, Julian J. and Ana Beatriz Acevedo (2004). The
Use of Real Earthquake Accelerograms as Input to Dynamic
Analysis. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, Volume 8,
Special Issue 1, pp. 43-91.
http://www.roseschool.it/docs/Dissertation2003-Acevedo.pdf
9/30/2011
32
Rock Motions for Input to Site Response Analyses
Deterministic
1. Identify governing seismic sources and assign M and
estimate R for each key scenario.
Deterministic
1. Identify governing seismic sources and assign M and
estimate R for each key scenario.
2. Find group of recorded rock motions from similar
tectonic environment, fault type, magnitude & distance
for each key scenario.
3. Check PGA, of these recorded rock motions against
estimated values for each key scenario based on
appropriate M and R, and keep those records that are
reasonable.
2. Find group of recorded rock motions from similar
tectonic environment, fault type, magnitude & distance
for each key scenario.
3. Check PGA, of these recorded rock motions against
estimated values for each key scenario based on
appropriate M and R, and keep those records that are
reasonable.
Bray, J. (2006). UC Berkeley Class Notes Bray, J. (2006). UC Berkeley Class Notes
Deterministic
4. Plot acceleration response spectrum for each record
and compare to Target Acceleration Response
Spectrum for that scenario.
Deterministic
4. Plot acceleration response spectrum for each record
and compare to Target Acceleration Response
Spectrum for that scenario.
5. If necessary, adjust recorded acceleration-time
histories by multiplying each acceleration value by a
constant to achieve a better comparison with the
Target Spectrum; note that average of spectra should
match target not each one individually.
6. Optimally, select design suite of 3 to 7 acceleration-
time histories for project that best captures the likely
ange of ock g o nd motions fo the ke scena ios
5. If necessary, adjust recorded acceleration-time
histories by multiplying each acceleration value by a
constant to achieve a better comparison with the
Target Spectrum; note that average of spectra should
match target not each one individually.
6. Optimally, select design suite of 3 to 7 acceleration-
time histories for project that best captures the likely
ange of ock g o nd motions fo the ke scena ios
range of rock ground motions for the key scenarios.
Check velocity and displacement-time histories as well.
Bray, J. (2006). UC Berkeley Class Notes
range of rock ground motions for the key scenarios.
Check velocity and displacement-time histories as well.
Bray, J. (2006). UC Berkeley Class Notes
9/30/2011
33
http://peer.berkeley.edu/peer_ground_motion_database/
1. Click on
Scaled
3. Click on
Search
1. Select User
Defined Spectrum
2. Click on
Upload File
9/30/2011
34
1. Click on
Browse
Upload Target Response Spectrum Upload Target Response Spectrum
2. Click on the
attenuate.csv
file to select it
3. Click on
Open
9/30/2011
35
1. Click on
Upload
Up oad
1. Scroll
down
2. Click on
Create
9/30/2011
36
1. Scroll
down
2. Click on
Next
2. Select Normal+Reverse
1. Enter 6.1,7.1 for Magnitude
3. Enter 5.5,28.5 for Rjb
4. Enter 5.3,25.2 for Rrup
5. Enter 360,1500 for Vs30
6. Click on
Scaling
9/30/2011
37
1. Scroll down
2. Click on
Search
1. Scroll
down
9/30/2011
38
1. Click on Save Time
Series Records
2. Click on
Save
Save PEER Search Results
(PEER ACC files)
Save PEER Search Results
(PEER ACC files)
2. Click on
Save
9/30/2011
39
1. Click on
Close
1. Click on Save
Search Spectra
2. Click on
Save
9/30/2011
40
Save PEER Results
(Excel CSV file)
Save PEER Results
(Excel CSV file)
2. Click on
Save
Save PEER Results
(Excel CSV file)
Save PEER Results
(Excel CSV file)
1. Scaling factor
3. PEER record
name
2. PEER record
number
9/30/2011
41
2. Click to
Close
1. Click on
Close
Selection of Acceleration Time Histories Selection of Acceleration Time Histories
2. Click
on Ok
1. Click on Object Motion
- Scaling to select it
9/30/2011
42
)
2.5
P
s
e
u
d
o
-
A
b
s
o
l
u
t
e

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
's
)
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Tl Tu
From the catalog of recorded
ground motion records available,
select and scale a design suite of
3 to 7 acceleration-time histories
to fit the target response
spectrum.
Period (sec)
0.0
0.01 10 0.1 1
Tl Tu
Selection of motions can be
done through extensive trials of
bi ti b h d b
s
)
2 0
2.5
s
)
2.0
s
)
2 0
2.5
s
)
2.0
combinations by hand; or, by
using a semi-automated process
(Rathje & Kottke, 2007).
. judgment and experience
cannot be captured in an
algorithm. (Kottke & Rathje,
2008).
P
s
e
u
d
o
-
A
b
s
o
l
u
t
e

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
's
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Tl Tu
P
s
e
u
d
o
-
A
b
s
o
l
u
t
e

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
's
0.5
1.0
1.5
Tl Tu
P
s
e
u
d
o
-
A
b
s
o
l
u
t
e

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
's
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Tl Tu
P
s
e
u
d
o
-
A
b
s
o
l
u
t
e

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
's
0.5
1.0
1.5
Tl Tu
Ellen M. Rathje and Albert R. Kottke (2007). Procedures for Selection and Scaling of Earthquake Motions for Dynamic Response Analysis. U.S.-
Italy Seismic Bridge Workshop, European Center for Training and Research in Earthquake Engineering (EUCENTRE), Pavia, Italy. April 19-20,
2007.
Albert Kottke and Ellen M. Rathje (2008). A Semi-Automated Procedure for Selection and Scaling of Recorded Earthquake Motions for Dynamic
Analysis. Submitted for Publication in Earthquake Spectra.
Period (sec)
0.0
0.01 10 0.1 1
Period (sec)
0.0
0.01 10 0.1 1
Period (sec)
0.0
0.01 10 0.1 1
Period (sec)
0.0
0.01 10 0.1 1
9/30/2011
43
Modify a ground motion to match the target spectrum
RspMatch, RspMatch2005
Modify a ground motion to match the target spectrum
RspMatch, RspMatch2005
S
p
e
c
t
r
a
l

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
)
0.5
1.0
1.5
S
p
e
c
t
r
a
l

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
)
0.5
1.0
1.5
Period (sec)
0.0
0.01 10 0.1 1
Period (sec)
0.0
0.01 10 0.1 1
Modify Ground Motion to Match a Target Response Spectrum
Modify Ground Motion to Match a Target Response Spectrum
1 5
Deconvolution/convolution using
S
p
e
c
t
r
a
l

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
)
0.5
1.0
1.5
. spectrally matching flat
topped building code spectrum
these spectrally matched
motions with SHAKE yielded
questionable results the
modified motion had long
period spectral accelerations
that were excessive. (Bartlett,
2004).
Period (sec)
0.0
0.01 10 0.1 1
pp g p
and subsequently using it in
the ground response analysis
may produce unreasonable
results. (Bartlett, 2004).
Steven F. Bartlett (2004). Ground Response Analyses and Design Spectra for UDOT Bridges on Soft Soil Sites. Utah
Department of Transportation, Research Division Report, J anuary 8, 2004, 195 p.
9/30/2011
44
1. Click on
Scale
1. Click on
Other
9/30/2011
45
4. Click on
Ok
2 Select PEER
3. Select all
ACC files
1. Switch to
O
2. Select PEER
ACC Files
folder
2. Click on
Target
1. Click on
Users
9/30/2011
46
1. Click on
Open
Select Target Response Spectrum Select Target Response Spectrum
Open
Open Target Response Spectrum File Open Target Response Spectrum File
2. Click on the attenuate.tgt
file to select it
3. Click on
Open
9/30/2011
47
1. Click on
Ok
Select Target Response Spectrum Select Target Response Spectrum
Compare to Target Response Spectrum
1. Click on open folder icon to
open log file from PEER search
9/30/2011
48
Open PEER Search Results File Open PEER Search Results File
2. Select the
PEERTargetSpectrum.csv file
3. Click on
Open
2. Click on
Scale
1. Click on Geometric
Mean to select it
9/30/2011
49
2. Click
on Plot
1. Click
on Ok
Compare Median to Target Response Spectrum
Compare Median to Target Response Spectrum
2. Click on
Close
1. Click on
None
9/30/2011
50
Save Chosen Motions to SHAKE2000 EDT File
1. Click on
Export
Save Chosen Motions to SHAKE2000 EDT File Save Chosen Motions to SHAKE2000 EDT File
GeoMotions\ShortCourse\SHAKE
3. Click on
Save
2. Enter
ShortCourse.edt
9/30/2011
51
1. Click
on Ok
1. Click on
Close
9/30/2011
52
1 Click on 1. Click on
Close
Use SHAKE to conduct the site-response analysis
p y p
Use SHAKE to conduct the site-response analysis
9/30/2011
53
Site Specific Response Analysis Site Specific Response Analysis
2. Click on
Get File
1. Click on
Edit Existing
EDT File
Open Existing SHAKE2000 EDT File Open Existing SHAKE2000 EDT File
2. Select the
ShortCourse.edt file
3. Click on
Open
9/30/2011
54
1. Click
on Ok
Site Specific Response Analysis
Create SHAKE Options
Options
included in
EDT File
Options
i l d d i
included in
Input File
9/30/2011
55
SHAKE Options
Option Input Analysis Description
1 x Dynamic Soil Properties
2 x Soil Profile
3 x Input (Object) Motion
4 x Assignment of Object Motion
5 x No. Iterations & Strain Ratio
6 x PGA & Time Histories
7 x Stress & Strain Time Histories
7 x Stress & Strain Time Histories
9 x Response Spectra
10 x Amplification Spectra
11 x Fourier Spectra
SHAKE Column Options
SHAKE Column Options
Soil Layer 1
Ground Level
Option6
O i 9
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period (sec)
So aye
Soil Layer 2
G
sec
G
1
G
2
G
3
/ G
m
ax
( 1 )
( 2 )
( 3 )
Option1
Option9
Option2
Option10
Soil Type, H, |,
total
, G
max
or V
s
Option7
Soil Layer 3
Soil Layer n
Halfspace Layer
( ) e f f 1
e f f 2
Option4
Option3
Option5
Option11
Soil Layer n-1
9/30/2011
56
EDT and Input Data Files
An EDT file is a database file that stores the data for the
different SHAKE options. These options are used by
SHAKE2000 to create an input file SHAKE2000 to create an input file.
A maximum of 32,000 options can be saved in the EDT file.
The options are saved sequentially.
Files used in SHAKE91 can be read as EDT files.
Listing of options used in the input file are saved in the EDT
file.
The input file stores the different options that will be executed
b SHAKE
by SHAKE.
SHAKE2000 EDT & Input Files
EDT File Input File
SHAKE2000 EDT & Input Files
EDT File Input File
Option 1 G/Gmax & Damping vs. Strain
Option 2 Column No. 1
Option 2 Column No 3
Option 3 Input Motion: LomaPrieta.eq
Option 3 Input Motion: ChiChi.eq
Option 4 Column No. 1 - Layer 21
Option 4 Column No. 3 Layer 13
Option 5 Iterations: 10 Ratio: 0.65
Option 6 Layers 1-15 Column 1
Option 7 Layer 4 Column 1
p p q
Option 9 Surface 5% Damping
9/30/2011
57
Analysis No. 1
SHAKE Analyses
EDT File Input File
Opt o Co u o. 3
Option 4 Column No. 3 Layer 13
Analysis No. 2
Peak Acceleration (g)
0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
SHAKE Analyses SHAKE Analyses
Column No. 1 - Layer 1
1.5
Analysis No. 1
D
e
p
t
h

(
f
t
)
-20
-40
-60
-80
S
p
e
c
t
r
a
l

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
)
0.5
1.0
Column No. 1
-80
-100
Period (sec)
0.0
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
Analysis No. 2
9/30/2011
58
1. Click on
Save
Create EDT & Input Files
2. Enter
ShortCourse in
ShortCourse.in
3. Click on
Save
9/30/2011
59
2 Click on
2. Click on
Yes
1. Click on
Save
2. Click
on Edit
1. Click on
Option 1 to
select it
9/30/2011
60
SHAKE Column Option 1
Ground Level
Shear Modulus Reduction Curves
(G
/G
m
ax)0.8
1.0
Soil Type 1: SAND
Layer No. 1
Layer No. 2
Soil Stratum 2
Option 1 assigns a
soil type and
corresponding
dynamic material
properties to each
M
odulus R
eduction
Shear Strain (%)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10
M
odulus R
eduction (G
/G
m
ax)
Shear Strain (%)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
Soil Type j: CLAY
Soil Type n: ROCK
Layer No. 3
Layer No. i
Layer No. i+1
Soil Stratum n
Half-Space Layer
Soil Stratum
M
odulus R
eduction (G
/G
m
ax)
Shear Strain (%)
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
Create Input Data - Option 1: Dynamic Material Properties
1. Click on
MAT
9/30/2011
61
3. Click
on Add
1. Scroll down
2. Click on Sand
Upper
Mat. Description
2 EPRI 21-50' G/Gmax Deep Cohesionless Soils -
Depth 21 50 feet (6 15 mete s) (EPRI 1993)
Mat. Description
Depth 21 50 feet (6 15 mete s) (EPRI 1993) Depth 21-50 feet (6-15 meters) (EPRI, 1993)
3 Soil PI=30 G/Gmax - Soil with PI=30, OCR=1-15
(Vucetic & Dobry, JGE 1/91)
Depth 51-120 feet (15-36 meters) (EPRI, 1993)
3 Soil PI=30 G/Gmax - Soil with PI=30, OCR=1-15
5 EPRI Rock 3 G/Gmax for Rock - 51 to 120 feet
(EPRI, 1993)
5 EPRI Rock 3 G/Gmax for Rock - 51 to 120 feet
(EPRI, 1993)
9/30/2011
62
4. Click
on Add
1. Click on
Damping
2. Scroll down
3. Select Sand
Lower..
Mat. Description
2 EPRI 21-50' Damping Deep Cohesionless Soils -
Depth 21 50 feet (6 15 mete s) (EPRI 1993)
Mat. Description
Depth 21 50 feet (6 15 mete s) (EPRI 1993) Depth 21-50 feet (6-15 meters) (EPRI, 1993)
3 Soil PI=30 Damping - Soil with PI=30, OCR=1-8
3 Soil PI=30 Damping - Soil with PI=30, OCR=1-8
5 EPRI Rock 3 Damping for Rock - 51 to 120 feet
(EPRI, 1993)
5 EPRI Rock 3 Damping for Rock - 51 to 120 feet
(EPRI, 1993)
9/30/2011
63
1. Click on
Return
1. Click on
Yes
9/30/2011
64
2. Click on
Model
1. Click on down
arrow and select
Material No. 3
4 Click on
2. Enter
35 for PI
1. Enter
1.25 for
o
3. Enter 15
for OCR
4. Click on
Plot
for OCR
9/30/2011
65
1. Click on
Close
Click on symbol to
select/deselect points
2 Click on
1. Click on
Damping
2. Click on
Plot
9/30/2011
66
1. Click on
Close
1. Click on
OK
9/30/2011
67
2. Click on
Damping
1. Enter Clay PI=35
for Material Name
2. Click on
Return
1. Enter Clay PI=35
for Material Name
9/30/2011
68
SurfaceResponseSpectra
Consider Uncertainty
SurfaceResponseSpectra
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
P
s
e
u
d
o
-
S
p
e
c
t
r
a
l A
c
c
e
le
r
a
t
io
1.34
0.59
0
0.2
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period(sec)
2. Click
di
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
1. Select Option 2
Soil Profile Set No.1
on Edit
9/30/2011
69
Ground Level
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Option 1
Option 2
Soil Layer 3
Soil Type, Thickness
(H), |, , G
max
or V
s
Soil Layer n
Half-Space Layer
p
Soil Layer n-1
Create Input Data Option 2: Soil Profile
1. Enter Option 2
Column 1 - Short
C Course
2. Enter Column 1
Short Course in
Identification
3. Enter 10
in Thickness
4. Enter 0.125
for Unit Weight
5. Enter 573
in Shear Wave
9/30/2011
70
Create Input Data File Option 2: Soil Profile
Layer Soil Thickness Damping Unit V
S
N T W i ht
Create Input Data File Option 2: Soil Profile
Layer Soil Thickness Damping Unit V
S
N T W i ht No. Type Weight
2 1 15 0.05 0.125 758
3 2 15 0.05 0.100 656
4 3 10 0.05 0.110 802
5 4 15 0.05 0.120 791
6 4 15 0.05 0.125 872
No. Type Weight
2 1 15 0.05 0.125 758
3 2 15 0.05 0.100 656
4 3 10 0.05 0.110 802
5 4 15 0.05 0.120 791
6 4 15 0.05 0.125 872
7 5 0.02 0.145 2500 7 5 0.02 0.145 2500
1. Click on
Layers
2. Click
on Yes
9/30/2011
71
SHAKE Column Maximum Layer Thickness
SHAKE Column Maximum Layer Thickness
0.80
Response Spectra at Surface
0 20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
e
c
t
r
a
l

A
c
c
e
l
e
r
a
t
i
o
n

(
g
)
10 ft
20 ft
25 ft
50 ft
100 ft
300 ft
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.10 1.00 10.00
S
p
e
Period (sec)
300 ft
3. Click on
Return
1. Scroll
down
2. Click on Create
Option 6
Halfspace Layer
9/30/2011
72
D
e
p
t
h

t
o

h
a
l
f
s
p
a
c
e

?
P
e
a
k
H
o
r
iz
o
n
t
a
l A
c
c
e
le
r
a
t
io
n
(
g
)
0.01
0.1
1 Shear Modulus Reduction Curves
M
o
d
u
lu
s
R
e
d
u
c
t
io
n
(
G
/G
m
a
x
)
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
L
a
y
e
r

t
h
i
c
k
n
e
s
s

?
V
s
Distance (km)
0.001
10 100 1000
Shear Strain (%)
0.0
0.00001 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1
z
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
2. Click
on Edit
1. Select Option 3
Motion: R.WON_FN.
9/30/2011
73
Ground Level
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Option 1
Option 2
Soil Layer 3
Soil Type, H,
|, , G
max
or V
s
Soil Layer n
Half-Space Layer
p
Option 3
Soil Layer n-1
Create Input Data Option 3: Input Motion
Create Input Data Option 3: Input Motion
Quiet zone:
>= 10% difference 1. Click on
Return
Either multiplication
factor or maximum
acceleration
9/30/2011
74
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
3 Click
1. Scroll down
2. Select Option 4
Assignment of Object
3. Click
on Edit
Ground Level
0 = Object motion is assigned as outcropping motion
Option 1
Option 2
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Soil Layer 3
Soil Type, H,
|, , G
max
or V
s
0 Object motion is assigned as outcropping motion
1 = Object motion is applied within the soil profile
1
0
1
0
Half-Space Layer
Option 4
Option 3
Soil Layer n
Soil Layer n-1
11
9/30/2011
75
Create Input Data Option 4: Assignment of Object Motion
Create Input Data Option 4: Assignment of Object Motion
1. Enter Option 4 Motion on
Layer 14 Outcrop
3. Click on
Return
2 E t 14 f N f S bl
2. Enter 14 for No. of Sublayer
Halfspace: A mathematical model
bounded by a planar surface but
otherwise infinite. Properties within
Where is the Halfspace Layer?
ot e se te ope t es t
the model are commonly assumed to
be homogeneous and isotropic, unlike
the Earth itself, which is heterogeneous
and anisotropic. (Seismologists Dictionary
at http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/Geosciences)
Soft rock V
S
>= 2,500 ft/sec ?
A halfspace implies that V
S
does not
i ith d th
increase with depth.
9/30/2011
76
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
3 Click
1. Scroll down
2. Select Option 5
Number of Iterations
3. Click
on Edit
Ground Level
G
sec
( )
G
1
G
2
G
3
e f f 1
e f f 2
/ G
m
ax
( 1 )
( 2 )
( 3 )
Option 1
Option 5
Option 2
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Soil Layer 3
Soil Type, H,
|, , G
max
or V
s
Half-Space Layer
Option 4
Option 3
Option 5
Soil Layer n
Soil Layer n-1
9/30/2011
77
Create Input Data Option 5: No. Iterations & Strain Ratio
Create Input Data Option 5: No. Iterations & Strain Ratio
1. Enter Option 5 No. Iterations: 10
Strain Ratio: 0.56 Mw: 6.6
3. Click on
Strain Ratio: 0.56 Mw: 6.6
Return
2 Ente 0 56
2. Enter 0.56
for Strain Ratio
(1)
G
max
Iterations - Equivalent Linear Analysis Iterations - Equivalent Linear Analysis
S
h
e
a
r

M
o
d
u
l
u
s
,

G
G
2
G
3
(3)
(9)
G
9
G
10
Shear Strain
eff,1
G
2
(2)
eff,2
eff,9
eff,10
9/30/2011
78
SHAKE Analysis
Equivalent loading 50% - 70% (Kramer, 1996).
Equivalent loading 40% - 75% (Idriss & Sun, 1992)
ratio = (M 1) / 10 where M = earthquake magnitude
Kramer, S.L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering, Prentice Hall, Inc., Upper Saddle River, New J ersey, 653 pp.
Idriss, I.M. and J oseph I. Sun (1992). Users Manual for SHAKE91, A Computer Programfor Conducting Equivalent Linear Seismic
Response Analyses of Horizontally Layered Soil Deposits. Center for Geotechnical Modeling, Department of Civil &Environmental
Engineering, University of California, Davis, California.
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
3 Click
1. Scroll down
2. Select Option 6
Column 1 Short
3. Click
on Edit
9/30/2011
79
Ground Level
G
sec
( )
G
1
G
2
G
3
e f f 1
e f f 2
/ G
m
ax
( 1 )
( 2 )
( 3 )
Option 1
Option 6
Option 2
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Soil Layer 3
Soil Type, H,
|, , G
max
or V
s
Half-Space Layer
Option 1
Option 4
Option 3
Option 5
p
Soil Layer n
Soil Layer n-1
Sample Problem SHAKE Columns
Acceleration Time Histories for Newmark Analysis
Sample Problem SHAKE Columns
Acceleration Time Histories for Newmark Analysis
1
2
3
No. 1
1
2
3
No. 2
Newmark
Analysis
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
No. 3
12
13
14
15
16
17
12
13
14
15
16
17
8
9
10
11
12
13
9/30/2011
80
Create Input Data Option 6: Acceleration Time Histories
Create Input Data Option 6: Acceleration Time Histories
3. Enter 0
for Type
2. Enter 14
for Layer
4. Click on HEA
Option 7
5. Click on
Return
o ype
1. Enter 1 for Output
mode for Layers 1, 2 & 4
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
3 Click
1. Scroll down
2. Select Option 7 Stress
& Strain
3. Click
on Edit
9/30/2011
81
Ground Level
O ti 6
G
sec
( )
G
1
G
2
G
3
e f f 1
e f f 2
/ G
m
ax
( 1 )
( 2 )
( 3 )
Option 1
Option 6
Option 7
Option 2
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Soil Layer 3
Soil Type, H,
|, , G
max
or V
s
Half-Space Layer
Option 1
Option 4
Option 3
Option 5
p
Soil Layer n
Soil Layer n-1
Create Input Data Option 7: Shear Strain & Shear Stress
Create Input Data Option 7: Shear Strain & Shear Stress
1. Click on
Return
9/30/2011
82
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
3 Click
2. Click on Option 9 Response
Spectrum Set No. 1 to select it
1. Scroll down
3. Click
on Edit
Ground Level
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period (sec)
O ti 6
G
sec
( )
G
1
G
2
G
3
e f f 1
e f f 2
/ G
m
ax
( 1 )
( 2 )
( 3 )
Option 1
Option 9
Option 2
Option 7
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Soil Layer 3
Soil Type, H,
|, , G
max
or V
s
Option 6
Half-Space Layer
Option 1
Option 4
Option 3
Option 5
p
Soil Layer n
Soil Layer n-1
9/30/2011
83
Create Input Data Option 9: Response Spectrum
Create Input Data Option 9: Response Spectrum
2. Click on
Return
1. Enter Option 9 Response
Spectrum at Surface p
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
3 Click
2. Click on Option 10 Amplification
1. Scroll down
3. Click
on Edit
9/30/2011
84
Ground Level
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period (sec)
Option 6
G
sec
( )
G
1
G
2
G
3
e f f 1
e f f 2
/ G
m
ax
( 1 )
( 2 )
( 3 )
Option 1
Option 5
Option 9
Option 2
Option 10
Option 7
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Soil Layer 3
Soil Type, H,
|, , G
max
or V
s
p
Half-Space Layer
Option 4
Option 3
Option 5
Soil Layer n
Soil Layer n-1
Create Input Data Option 10: Amplification Spectrum
Create Input Data Option 10: Amplification Spectrum
1. Enter Option 10 Amplification
Spectrum Layers 14-1
4. Click on
Return
2. Enter 14
in First Layer
3. Enter
Amplification
p
Layers 14-1
9/30/2011
85
Create Input Data
Create Input Data
3 Click
1. Scroll down
3. Click
on Edit
2 Click on Option11 Fourier
2. Click on Option11 Fourier
Ground Level
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0.01 0.1 1 10
Period (sec)
O ti 6
G
sec
( )
G
1
G
2
G
3
e f f 1
e f f 2
/ G
m
ax
( 1 )
( 2 )
( 3 )
Option 1
Option 9
Option 2
Option 10
Soil Type, H,
|, , G
max
or V
s
Option 7
Soil Layer 1
Soil Layer 2
Soil Layer 3
Option 6
Half-Space Layer
Option 1
Option 4
Option 3
Option 5
p
Option 11
Soil Layer n
Soil Layer n-1
9/30/2011
86
Create Input Data Option 11: Fourier Spectrum
Create Input Data Option 11: Fourier Spectrum
1. Enter Option 11 Fourier
Spectrum at Layers 1 & 14
3. Click on
Return
2. Enter 14 in
second cell of
Sublayer Number
Add Options to Create Input File
2. Click on
Clear
1. Click on an option
3. Click
on Yes
on the input list
9/30/2011
87
2. Click
on Add
1. Click on Option 1 Dynamic
Soil Properties to select it
Option 1 of Analysis 1 has been added
to the list of options in input file
Select Option 2, FIRST set of Option 3,
and each set of Options 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10,
and 11 and Click on Add each time to
include them in the input file
9/30/2011
88
Define Input Options for Multiple Analyses
Define Input Options for Multiple Analyses
2. Select one of
the Option 3 sets
3. Click
on Add
4. Click
on Yes
1. Click on Repeat
input list for each set of
an option to select it
on Yes
Rename SHAKEs Output Files and Plot Files
Rename SHAKEs Output Files and Plot Files
2. Enter Short-1out
for Output File No. 1
4. Enter Short for
Name of Plot Files
1 Scroll down
3. Enter Short-2out
5. Click on the open
folder icon to change
path of output folder
1. Scroll down
9/30/2011
89
Change Path of Output Folder
Change Path of Output Folder
2. Click
on Ok
1. Switch folders by double-clicking
and select
Execute SHAKE
Execute SHAKE
2. Click on
SHAKE SHAKE
3. Click
on Yes
1. Click on Create
Excel *.CSV Files
on Yes
9/30/2011
90
Execute SHAKE
Execute SHAKE
Process SHAKEs Output Files
Process SHAKEs Output Files
Process
2 Click
2. Click
on Ok
9/30/2011
91
SHAKE2000 Output Files
SHAKE2000 Output Files
Files created
from processing
of SHAKEs
output files
Output files
created by
SHAKE
Output Files Generated by SHAKE2000
9/30/2011
92
Display Results
Display Results
2. Click on
Display
1. Click on Display Results of
First Output File to select it
9/30/2011
93
Display Results
Display Results
1. Click on
Print
Display Results
Display Results
2. Click on
1. Select a
zoom factor
Close
9/30/2011
94
Display Results
Display Results
2. Click on
Return
1. Click on
Next
Plot Results
Plot Results
1. Click on Peak
Acceleration CSR Shear
2. Click
on Plot
Acceleration, CSR, Shear
Stress to select it
9/30/2011
95
Plot Results
Plot Results
1. Click on
Clover icon
Change Graph Properties
Change Graph Properties
1. Click on down-
arrow and select
a different color
2. Click
on Ok
9/30/2011
96
Plot Results
Plot Results
Graph
Plot Results
Plot Results
2. Click on
Mean
1. Click on Peak
Acceleration to
select it
9/30/2011
97
Plot Results
Plot Results
1. Click
on All
3. Click
on Ok
2. Click on Plot average curve plus
above selected curves to select it
Plot Results
Plot Results
2 Click on
1. Click on symbol to
obtain coordinates
Coordinates are
shown on text boxes
2. Click on
Graph
9/30/2011
98
Plot Results
Plot Results
2. Click on
Mean
1. Click on Maximum
Shear Strain
Plot Results
Plot Results
1. Click
on All
3. Click
on Ok
9/30/2011
99
Plot Results
Plot Results
2 Click on
1. Click on
Profile
2. Click on
Close
Plot Results
Plot Results
2. Click
on Plot
1. Click on Response
Spectrum to select it
9/30/2011
100
Plot Results
Plot Results
1. Click on
Graph
Plot Results
Plot Results
3. Click on
Mean
1. Click on
Response
Spectrum for
5% damping
2. Click on
Pseudo-Absolute
Acceleration
9/30/2011
101
Plot Results
Plot Results
1. Click
on All
3. Click
on Ok
Plot Results
Plot Results
1. Click on
Close Close
9/30/2011
102
D-MOD2000 Quick Tutorial Nonlinear Analysis
The first step in our analysis is to estimate viscous damping by
calibrating the D-MOD analysis against an equivalent-linear, i.e.
SHAKE, analysis that has a constant value of viscous damping
at all frequencies. There are two approaches that can be used
to evaluate the Rayleigh Damping coefficients, n and , using
The first step in our analysis is to estimate viscous damping by
calibrating the D-MOD analysis against an equivalent-linear, i.e.
SHAKE, analysis that has a constant value of viscous damping
at all frequencies. There are two approaches that can be used
to evaluate the Rayleigh Damping coefficients, n and , using y g p g , , g
an iterative procedure based on comparing how well the
SHAKE and D-MOD surface response spectra and peak shear
strain vs. depth compared to each other:
y g p g , , g
an iterative procedure based on comparing how well the
SHAKE and D-MOD surface response spectra and peak shear
strain vs. depth compared to each other:
1. Develop a SHAKE column and perform an equivalent-linear
SHAKE analysis to obtain the acceleration time history at the
surface level. Limit input PGA to s 0.4 g and Shear Strain to
s 0.5%.
1. Develop a SHAKE column and perform an equivalent-linear
SHAKE analysis to obtain the acceleration time history at the
surface level. Limit input PGA to s 0.4 g and Shear Strain to
s 0.5%.
2. Develop a SHAKE column and perform a small strain, linear
SHAKE analysis to obtain the acceleration time history at
the surface level. Use Gmax and 5% damping for all layers
(i.e., use zero type soils in Option 2). More detailed
information about this approach is provided by Stewart et
al. (2008).
2. Develop a SHAKE column and perform a small strain, linear
(i.e., use zero type soils in Option 2). More detailed
information about this approach is provided by Stewart et
al. (2008).
The first approach involves evaluation of the Rayleigh Damping
coefficients, n and , using an iterative procedure as follows:
The first approach involves evaluation of the Rayleigh Damping
coefficients, n and , using an iterative procedure as follows:
1 Develop a SHAKE column and perform the SHAKE analysis 1 Develop a SHAKE column and perform the SHAKE analysis 1. Develop a SHAKE column and perform the SHAKE analysis
to obtain the acceleration time history at the surface level.
Limit input PGA to s 0.4 g and Shear Strain to s 0.5%.
2. Develop the D-MOD column to match the SHAKE column as
close as possible and use n = 0 and = 0.5 for first
iteration.
3. Perform a total-stress nonlinear analysis with D-MOD.
4. Compare the surface response spectrum from SHAKE to the
response spectrum from D-MOD; and also compare the
peak shear strain vs depth plots
1. Develop a SHAKE column and perform the SHAKE analysis
close as possible and use n = 0 and = 0.5 for first
iteration.
response spectrum from D-MOD; and also compare the
peak shear strain vs depth plots
peak shear strain vs. depth plots.
5. Adjust n and and repeat from step 3 until a satisfactory
match between the SHAKE and D-MOD spectra is obtained.
Also, compare shear strain vs. depth.
peak shear strain vs. depth plots.
Also, compare shear strain vs. depth.
9/30/2011
103
SHAKE Results
SHAKE Results
Scale AND_FP motion
to obtain < 0.5%
Scale PGA for AND_FP to yield shear strain < 0.5%
1. Click on
New
9/30/2011
104
New Option 3 for AND_FP
New Option 3 for AND_FP
1. Click on
Option 3
2. Click on
Choose
3. Click on
Edit
2. Click on Option 3
Input.Set No. 15 to select it
1. Scroll
down
9/30/2011
105
1. Click on
Convert
Convert to SHAKE Format
1. Click on
Open
9/30/2011
106
2. Select the
NGA_739LomaP.AND_FP.acc file
3. Click on
Open
3. Click on
GMP
2. Click on
Convert
1. Enter
(8F9.6) for
format string
9/30/2011
107
Ground Motion Parameters
Ground Motion Parameters
1. Click on
Close
1. Click on
Close
9/30/2011
108
3. Enter Option 3 -
AND_FP D-MOD
Calibration for Set
ID
4. Click on
Return
2. Enter
AND_FP for ID
ID
1. Enter 0.19
for Max. Acc.
3. Click on
SHAKE
4. Click on
Process
Select Options 1, 2, fifteen set of Option
3 (i.e. AND_FP D-MOD Calibration) and
each set of Options 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, and
11. Click on Add each time to include
them in the input file
1. Click on
Repeat. to
deselect it
9/30/2011
109
0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4
Maximum Shear Strain (%)
0 0 0 2 0 4 0 6 0 8 1 0
Analysis No. 6 - Profile
No. 1 - Column 1-P.AND
FP
Analysis No. 15 -
Profile No. 1 - Column
1-AND FP
D
e
p
t
h

(
f
t
)
-20
-40
-60
-80
0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4
Analysis No. 6 - Profile
No. 1 - Column 1-P.AND
FP
Analysis No. 15 -
Profile No. 1 - Column
1-AND FP
D
e
p
t
h

(
f
t
)
-20
-40
-60
0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Column 1 - Short Course
-80
-100
Column 1 - Short Course
-80
D-MOD2000 Quick Tutorial Nonlinear Analysis D-MOD2000 Quick Tutorial Nonlinear Analysis
close as possible; use n = 0 and = 0 5 for first iteration
close as possible; use n = 0 and = 0 5 for first iteration close as possible; use n = 0 and = 0.5 for first iteration.
response spectrum from D-MOD.
To compute the surface response spectrum from SHAKE use
the Short-L1A15D1-99-Column 1-AND_FP.ahl file
created from the SHAKE analysis just conducted.
close as possible; use n = 0 and = 0.5 for first iteration.
the Short-L1A15D1-99-Column 1-AND_FP.ahl file
created from the SHAKE analysis just conducted.
Also compare peak shear strain vs. depth.
Also compare peak shear strain vs. depth.
9/30/2011
110
A second approach to estimate viscous damping parameters is
by calibrating the D-MOD analysis against an equivalent-linear,
i.e. SHAKE, analysis for small strain conditions (i.e., use G
max
and a constant value of 5% damping for all soil layers). More
detailed information on this procedure is presented by Stewart
A second approach to estimate viscous damping parameters is
by calibrating the D-MOD analysis against an equivalent-linear,
i.e. SHAKE, analysis for small strain conditions (i.e., use G
max
and a constant value of 5% damping for all soil layers). More
detailed information on this procedure is presented by Stewart p p y
et al (2008).
p p y
et al (2008).
1. Develop a SHAKE column and perform a small strain linear
(i.e., use zero type soils in Option 2).
close as possible; use n = 0 and = 5 for first iteration.
3. Perform a Total-Stress\Linear-Elastic analysis with D-MOD.
4 C th f t f SHAKE t th
1. Develop a SHAKE column and perform a small strain linear
(i.e., use zero type soils in Option 2).
4 C th f t f SHAKE t th
Also, compare peak acceleration & Shear Strain vs. depth
obtained from SHAKE and D-MOD.
Small Strain Linear Analysis
3. Right-click
on the option
2. Click on Option 2 Column
1. to select it
1. Scroll up
4. Click on
Yes
9/30/2011
111
Small Strain Linear Analysis - New Option 2
Small Strain Linear Analysis - New Option 2
2. Click on
Edit
1. Click on Option 2
- (Set 2)
Small Strain Linear Analysis Zero Type Soils
1. Enter Option 2
Column 1 - Short
C S ll Course Small
Strain 2. Enter Column 1
Small Strain in
Identification
3. Enter 0
for Soil Type
4. Click on
Yes
9/30/2011
112
1. Click on Return
2. Click on Clear
3. Click
on No
1. Select any option
from input list
9/30/2011
113
1. Enter
AND_FPsmall_1.out for
Output File No. 1
2. Enter
AND_FPsmall_2.out
3. Enter
AND_FPsmall for
Name of Plot Files
4. Enter AND_FP Small
Strain Linear Analysis
Strain Linear Analysis
for description
2. Click on
Save
1. Select Option 1 and click on Add, then
add SECOND set of Option 2, SIXTH set of
Option 3, options 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11
Options 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11
have been added to the list of options in
input file
9/30/2011
114
2. Enter
AND FPsmall in
AND_FPsmall.in
3. Click on
Save
2. Click on Yes
1. Click on
Save
9/30/2011
115
1. Click on
SHAKE
2. Click on Yes
1. Click on
Process
2. Click on Ok
9/30/2011
116
Small Strain Linear Analysis Peak PGA & Strain vs. Depth
Small Strain Linear Analysis Peak PGA & Strain vs. Depth
0
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
Maximum Shear Strain (%)
0
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20
D
e
p
t
h

(
f
t
)
-20
-40
-60
-80
D
e
p
t
h

(
f
t
)
-20
-40
-60
0
Column 1 - Small Strain - Analysis No. 1 - Profile No. 2 - Column 1-P.AND FP
-100
Column 1 - Small Strain - Analysis No. 1 - Profile No. 2 - Column 1-P.AND FP
-80
D-MOD2000 Quick Tutorial Nonlinear Analysis D-MOD2000 Quick Tutorial Nonlinear Analysis
Use G
max
and 5% damping for all soil layers (i.e., use zero
type soils in Option 2).
Use G
max
and 5% damping for all soil layers (i.e., use zero
type soils in Option 2).
2. Develop the D-MOD column to match the SHAKE column as 2. Develop the D MOD column to match the SHAKE column as
the AND_FPsmall-L1A1D2-1-Column 1-P.AND_FP.ahl
file created from the SHAKE analysis just conducted.
2. Develop the D MOD column to match the SHAKE column as
the AND_FPsmall-L1A1D2-1-Column 1-P.AND_FP.ahl
file created from the SHAKE analysis just conducted.
9/30/2011
117
1. Click on
Return
SHAKE2000 SHAKE2000
1. Click on
Exit


Shake 2000 Tutorial

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originalbeschreibung:

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Shake 2000 Tutorial

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

0

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen