REGULATION OF NURSING PRACTICE

NURSE PRACTICE ACTS:

serve to define nursing / practice of nursing.
it states what nursing is
it defines nursing as performance for compensation.
set standards for professional nursing practice make the individual
practitioner accountable for his/her action.
protect the public at large and the nursing profession.
ULTIMATE GOAL:
to ensure competent quality care by current qualified practitioners.
is the single most important piece of legislation for the nurse as it affects
all facets of nursing practice.
is the LAW must be followed
worded in fairly general terms; contain general statements of appropriate
professional nursing actions.
ELEMENTS:
. !efinition of professional nursing
". #ualifications and requirements for the practice of nursing
$. %&emptions from state licensure
'. Licensure across (urisdiction
). !isciplinary action and due process requirements
*. +reations of the ,-. /,oard of .ursing0
1. 2enalties for practicing without license.
each state has its own definition of professional nursing practice and
regulations generating this practice.
3.4s must practice nursing within the scope of legal definition of
nursing in the state/country in which they practice.
the actual regulation of nursing and the definition of nursing practice vary
from state to state5 from country to country.
each country/state has the right to control occupations/professions which
are related to the health5 safety and welfare of its citi6ens.
PURPOSES OF A PROFESSION
. 2rovide needed service to society.
". 7o advance knowledge in its field through systematic observation and
e&perimentation5 that is5 through research.
$. 7o protect its members and to make it possible to practice effectively.
CHARACTERISTICS / ATTRIBUTES OF A PROFESSIONAL PERSON
. +oncerned with quality.
". +haracteri6ed by knowledge5 intellectual skills5 self8direction5 responsibility
and accountability.
$. Able to make independent and sound (udgment.
'. !edicated to the improvement of human life.
). +ommitted to the spirit of inquiry.
PROFESSIONAL NURSING
an art and science dominated by an ideal of service in which certain
principles are applied in the skillful care of the sick and through
appropriate relationship with the patient and the physician and others who
have related responsibilities.
PROFESSIONAL NURSE
a nurse who has acquired the act and skill of nursing through her basic
education5 who interprets her role in nursing and in terms of the social
ends for which it e&ists the health and welfare of the society and who
continues to add to her knowledge and skill through continuing education
and the use of scientific inquiry or the results of such inquiry.
QUALITIES AND ABILITIES OF A PROFESSIONAL NURSE
. 9ave faith in the fundamental values that underlie the democratic way of
life.
respect for the individual dignity
practice self8sacrifice for the common good.
participate and allow participation of others.
strong sense of responsibility for learning his full share in solving the
problems of society.
PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF A NURSE
PROFESSION (BY MARIE JABODA)
is an organi6ation of an occupational group based on the application of
special knowledge which establishes its own rules and standards for the
protection of the public and the professionals.
3 MAJOR CHARACTERISTICS
. service8orientation
". long period of education
$. autonomy
a profession implies that the quality of work done by its members is of
greater importance in its own eyes and in the eyes of society than the
economic rewards they earn.
serves all of society and not the ends of any other limited groups.
the aim is AL73:;<7;+ rather than materialistic.
CRITERIA OF A PROFESSION
( By Willi! S"#$"%& )
. =ust satisfy an indispensable social need and be based upon well
established and socially accepted scientific principles.
". =ust demand adequate pre8professional and cultural training.
$. =ust demand the possession of a body of systemati6ed and speciali6ed
knowledge.
'. =ust give evidence of needed skills which the public does not possess.
). =ust have developed a scientific technique which is the result of tested
e&perience.
*. =ust require the e&ercises of discretion and (udgment as to time and
manner of the performance duty.
1. =ust be a type of beneficial work.
>. =ust have a group consciousness designed to e&tend scientific
knowledge in technical language.
?. =ust have sufficient self8impelling power to retain its members throughout
life. it must not be a mere steppingstone to other occupations.
@. =ust recogni6e its obligations by insisting that its members line up
to an established code of ethics.
ETHICOLEGAL DIMENSIONS IN NURSING
7o make sound moral decisions in critical situations5 nurses need toA
a. develop sensitivity to the ethical dimensions of nursing practice
b. e&amine their own and client4s values
c. understand how values influence their decisions
d. think ahead about the kinds of moral problems they are likely to face.
BAL:%<
freely chosen5 enduring beliefs or attitudes about the worth of a person5
ob(ect5 idea or action.
they influence decisions and actions5 including nurses4 ethical decision
making.
'ALUE SYSTEM
set of values organi6ed internally along a continuum from most important
to least important.
BELIEFS
or opinions.
are interpretations or conclusions that people accept as true based more
on faith than fact.
ATTITUDES
are mental positions or feeling toward a person.
PROFESSIONAL 'ALUES OF NURSES
are acquired during sociali6ed ran code of ethics5 nursing e&periences.
ETHICS
deals with the rightness.
NURSING ETHICS
ethical issues that occur in nursing practice.
MORALITY
occurs to private5 personal standards of what is the right conduct5
character and attitude.
CODE OF ETHICS
written list of a profession4s values as standard.
framework of decision making for the profession.
ETHICAL DILEMMA
a situation that requires an individual to make a choice between two
equally unfavorable alternative.
MORAL PRINCIPLES
AUTONOMY
the right to make one4s own decision.
the right of self8determination5 independence and freedom.
in health care setting5 the health care provider4s willingness to respect
patient4s rights to make decisions about and for themselves even if the
provider does not agree with those decisions.
not an absolute right. limitations can be imposed upon it5 such as when
one autonomy interferes with another4s rights5 health or well8being.
JUSTICE
obligation to be fair to all people.
individual have the right to be treated equally regardless of race5 se&5
marital status5 medical diagnosis5 social standing5 economic level or
religious belief.
included also is an equal access to health care for all limits can be placed
if it interferes with the rights of others.
FIDELITY
an obligation to be faithful to agreements and promises made to self and
others.
BENEFFICIENCE
means Cdoing goodD
health care providers should do good for patients under their care.
GOOD CARE INCLUDES:
more than (ust being technically competent.
that health care provider approach the patient in a 9-L;<7;+
=A..%35 including the patient4s beliefs5 feelings and wishes as well
as those of the patient4s family and significant others.
NONMALEFICENCE
is duty to Cdo no harmD
requirement that health care providers should do no harm to their patients
either intentionally or unintentionally.
protects those from harm who cannot protect themselves.
evident in group as children5 mentally incompetent5 unconscious and too
weak or debilitated to protect themselves.
'ERACITY
or CtruthfulnessD
health care provider should tell the truth and not intentionally deceive or
mislead the patient.
L;=;7A7;-.A
for situations where telling the truth to the patients would seriously
harm their ability to recover or would produce greater illness.
STANDARD OF BEST INTEREST
a decision made about individual patient4s4 health care when they are
unable to make an informed decision for their own care.
what the family and health care provider decide is best for that individual.
consider the e&pressed wishes5 written declaration /living will0 or
informally what may have been said to the family member.
OBLIGATIONS
demads made upon individuals5 profession5 society or government to fulfill
and honor the rights of others.
RIGHTS
generally defined as (ust claims or titles or as something that is owed to an
individual according to (ust claims5 legal guarantees5 on moral and ethical
principles.
welfare rights /legal rights0
ethical rights /moral rights0
NURSING PRACTICE
.ursing has changed considerably over time and will continue to
change as health care delivery evolves.
7he legal right to practice nursing requires not only passing the
licensing e&amination but also verification that the graduate has completed a
prescribed course of study from an approved program in nursing.
LICENSURE
the process by which an agency of a state government grants permission
to an individual to engage in a given occupation.
NURSE PRACTICE ACTS (()*3)
define the scope of nursing practice.
establish the requirements for the licensure and entry into practice.
create and empower a ,oard of .ursing /,-.0 to oversee licenses and
identify grounds for disciplinary actions.
REQUIREMENTS FOR ENTRY INTO PRACTICE:
a. graduated from an accredited nursing education program /,<.0
b. successful completion of an e&amination /.L%0
c. payment of a fee to the state.