NAME: M.

KUMAIL ALI

CLASS: MBA ID: SP14-MB-0010

SUBJECT: INFORMATION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT

TOPIC OF ASSIGNMNET: WEB SERVICES

SUBMITTED TO: SIR AHMER UMER

DATE OF SUBMISSION:MARCH12,2014










WEB SERVICES
Many organizations use multiple software systems for management. And these software systems need
to exchange data with each other, so a Web Service is a method of communication which allows
software modules (an internet address) to exchange their data over the internet. Web services are
called second generation.
Web services is computer-to-computer use of Internet. One Web Service asks another Web Service to
perform its tasks or services and pass back the answer. It forms a highly distributed system when many
platforms work together. This topic is famous due to following reasons:
REASONS:
1. Web service allows the building of large and complex systems by linking together different
modules.
2. It makes the internet the hub of computing , eases enterprises computing.
3. It introduces the flexible system as it can choose any Web Service in need.
4. Companies can rent functionality via Web Services on a subscription basis or as needed,
releasing companies to build so much software in-house.
5. Web Services will draw on a existing system.
WRAPPING AND EXPOSING:
Two new terms used in the Web Services world are wrapping and exposing ; Companies can wrap some
functionality from an existing application in an XML envelope and expose it for use by others by
publishing in a special directory. The bank or a company can publish it as a Web Service for their
customers use.
The service requester sends a message to service provider , which provide him with asked data and ask
requester to perform its function on that data and expects an answer. This message-based system
allows one company to work with many other companies system. The firms can use software protocols
to make the interconnections.
Web Services Standards:
Three software standards(XML,WSDL,UDDI) and communication protocols( (SOAP, HTTP,TCP/IP) makes
possible Web Services possible:
1. eXtended Markup Language(XML) :


It is a language that describes standardized way of data so that multiple applications could use same
data. It can be used between different platforms.
2. Web Services Definition Language(WSDL) :
It is an XML-based language for describing web services and how to access them. It provides the
standard language for creating these descriptions so that they can be understood. WSDL is an XML
document.
3. Universal Discovey,Description, and Integration(UDDI):
The descriptions are stored in a UDDI registry , a yellow pages of Web Services. It is used for listing
what services are available. a web service can find another web service by searching UDDI repositories
for services that meet the parameters it seeks.
4. Simple Object Access Protocol(SOAP) :
It is a format for sending messages , it is an XML-based communication protocol that works over any
network and with any equipment. It is designed to communicate via Internet and it is simple and
extensible.
5.Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) :
Websites have addresses that use the HTTP protocol. Web services draw on this same protocol to
indicate the address where they can be located.
6.Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) :
The internet is a network of networks as it uses a protocol that allows transmitting messages across
networks. This protocol is TCP/IP , and it is the used by Web service also.

IMPORTANCE OF WEB SERVICES

Web services gives fully a new IT architecture , based on the Web and openness. Companies can get the
functionality from web services.
HAGEL and BROWN see a three-tier Web Service architecture:
1. Application service are the top tier. They perform specific business activities,e.g, shipment
scheduling, loan risk analysis etc.


2. The service grid is the middle tier, which provides utilities used by the application services, first
is the shared utilities , second is the service management utilities, third is resource knowledge
management utilities and last is the transport utilities.
3. Bottom tier is the software standards and communication protocols, provides the foundation for
the utilities and application services.
Each step in a Web Services environment will be performed by a different web service. It is so
specialized that it is made appropriate by choosing at each step. For example, the application data from
an airline company would be sent to the service that specializes in airline risk analysis, depending on the
application data and loan amount it can be made more specialized by sending them to other specialized
services.
CONCLUSION:
Web services are application components Web services communicate using open protocols Web
services are self-contained and self-describing Web services can be used by other applications .