INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

Instructor : Khairunnisa Jamaluddin

E-mail : knisa.jamaluddin@usim.edu.my
Telephone : 06-7986665, Office : PTD A2-011
1. Information Technology
2. Information Communication Technology
3. Information System
4. Computer
5. Data and Information
6. Components of Computer
7. Classification of computer
8. Mind Map
http://jobsearchtech.about.com/od/careersintechnology/p/ITDefinition.htm
5/28/2013 3 ICT Skill
COMMUNICATION
Process in which two or more computers or devices
transfer data, instructions and information.
TECHNOLOGY
Technology is the usage and knowledge of tools,
techniques, systems or methods of organization in
order to solve a problem
INFORMATION
Conveys meaning and is useful to people
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Academic field
IT
NETWORKING
COMMUNICATION
SOTWARE
ENGINEERING
ICT
FIELD
use of computers
and software to
manage information.
Technologies that provide access
to information through
telecommunications.
Communication technologies :
Internet
Wireless networks
Cell phones
And other communication
mediums.
Industrial field
5/28/2013 5 ICT Skill (TCL 0822)
A Systemis a set of components that interact to
achieve a common goal.
An information System (IS) is a collection of
hardware, software, data, people and procedures
that work together to produce quality information.
PEOPLE
People are involved in every aspect of an
information system.
Users are people who are affected by the
information system. If people are going
to survive in to day's society they must
be users of information.
Users can be classified as direct users
and indirect users.
Computer Uses
Business
Entertainment
Education
Medicine
Direct users
Direct users of information systems are people who
interact with and are in control of the system. All of
the providers of the information services are direct
users. Example : system analyst, system managers,
operators and data entry personnel.
Indirect Users
Indirect users of an information system never use
the system, but its use by other people and affects
them. Example : supermarkets use an information
system to complete an inventory of goods. When we
buy our groceries we are not using the information
system, but its use has affected the service we are
receiving.
SOFTWARE
Software refers to a set of
instructions that tells the computer
on what to do.
These instruction sets also called
programs which provide a means for
us to interact with and use the
computer, all without computer
programming skills.
Computer has two basic types of
software :
1. System software
2. Application software
System Software
A collection of programs
Enables the application software to interact with
the hardware
Background software that helps the computer
manage its own resources
Application Software
End-user software where you use them to do
tasks at home, school and work.
Two major categories
General purpose
(writing letters, sending e-mail, balancing a
budget, creating presentations)
Special purpose
(editing photos, specialized business,
computer-aided design)
5/28/2013 8 ICT Skill (TCL 0822)
An electronic device
For data Processing
1. It gathers data (or allows user to input data)
2. It process data into information
3. It outputs data or information
4. It stores data and information
Computer is a data processing device, operating
under the control of instructions stored in its own
memory . Computer can performs four major
functions :
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IN COMPUTER TERMS
Data is a collection of unprocessed items
(raw facts) , which can include text,
numbers, images, audio and video.
Example :
1. Names (Aril Iskandar)
2. Date of Birth (11 Mei 1987)
3. Place of Birth (Perak - 08)
4. Picture ( ) ,
5. etc .
Information is data that has been
organized or presented in a meaningful
fashion and is useful to people.
Example :
1. My Card
2. Poster
3. Database Record
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Computers process data into information in binary language.
Binary language consist of just two digits : 0 and 1 (bit)
Eight binary digits (or bits) combine to create one byte. (8 bits = 1 byte)
In computers, each letter of the alphabet, each number and each special character
consists of a unique combination of eight bits, or a string of eight 0s and 1s.