Local Literature

In an article named Dengue 101: knowing the disease, what to expect, what to look for,
published in Sun. Star Davao newspaper (2010), Dengue infection is a systemic and dynamic
disease. It has a wide clinical spectrum that includes both severe and non severe clinical
manifestations. After the incubation period, the illness begins abruptly and followed by the three
phases febrile, critical and recovery. It is in febrile phase where the total count of white blood
cells begins to decrease in number.
According to the Philippine Daily Inquirer issue (2012), the signs and symptoms of
dengue are high continuous fever lasting for 2-7 days, nausea, and vomiting, abdominal pain,
body weakness, bleeding tendencies from nose and gums, persistent red spots on the face,
extremities and trunks which are the most common manifestation of the said illness.
Dr. Christine Gonzalez (2011) in her book Dengue fever on the Rise, Discussed that dengue
fever is caused by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. After being bitten by the said mosquito, the
person bitten will now have a big chance of having Dengue fever. It is also discussed in the book
that dengue fever, if not treated right away will lead to many complications, or worst, death.
These literatures are closely related to the study being conducted for it describes the
source, symptoms and signs of the disease, which is the dengue fever. This study will show how
effective Papaya leaf extract in curing this different symptoms and signs.
Philippine Daily Inquirer (2011) reported that according to health secretary Enrique Ona,
very preliminary results from initial research work show that Tawa-tawa appears to have
some effects on rehydration. But he made it clear that the DOH was not making any official
recommendations and stressed the importance of immediately seeing a doctor if signs and
symptoms of dengue fever is seen.
Like Tawa-tawa, Papaya leaf extract was found to have very preliminary results from
its initial research, and it is also not being endorsed by DOH, though it have an effect in treating
dengue fever by making the blood cell count go higher, close to normal value.
In an article, Doctor Claims Cure to Dengue, written by Francis T. Wakefield for
Manila Bulletin (2012), Dr. James E. Dy-Liacco, during an interview at the sidelines of the 11
th

Annual Conference on Alternative Healing, told Manila Bulletin that Papaya leaves can be used
as remedy in curing Dengue fever by taking one large papaya leaf from an ordinary Papaya leaf
from an ordinary Papaya tree, crush it to a pulp, squeeze the juice from the pulp to fill one
tablespoon, and take one tablespoon 3 times a day on an empty stomach. According to him, he
discovered this in 2005 through muscle-testing a Papaya tree growing by the front door of
PITAHCs Herbal processing plant in Davao.
According to a group of Filipino authors, in their book Philippine Medical Plants
(2004), Papaya is a fruit found throughout the Philippines, mostly cultivated. The native species
grows mostly with Mt. Banahaw. Papaya is one of the four power herbs having a long history
and proof of being a very effective medicinal plant.
Cruz et.al in their book Alternative: Medicinal Plants of the Philippines (2010), The
Papaya leaves contains proteolytic enzymes papain and chymopapain which are widely used as
treatment for digestive disorders.
Dr. Santos mentioned in his book Wonders of Papaya (2011), that Papaya derived
papain, caricain, chymopapain, and glycine endopeptidase can improve acidic pH condition and
pepsin degradation.
In an article Herbal Wonders, written by Jose et.al for Agriculture magazine (2010),
papaya is usually used for the digestive track disorders. It is also used as antihelmintics and can
be used as remedy for asthma.
Lee, in her article Different Medicinal Plants for Philippine Daily Inquirer (2010),
Discussed about the different benefits of drinking Papaya leaf extract and she mentioned that
many studies are conducted to know the effectiveness of Papaya leaf extract in Cancer patients.
The different literatures mentioned are relevant to the present research that is currently
conducted for all of the literatures discussed the different benefits of taking Papaya leaf extract
and how to extract them. The different chemical compositions of the said extract were also
mentioned, and the present study will be about the effectiveness of the components in curing
Dengue fever.










Foreign Studies
Dr. Settige (2008) conducted a study about Papaya leaf extract; juice and its ability to
cure Dengue fever. The research results showed that dengue fever patients who consumed
papaya leaf juice recovered fully after 3 days.
According to the study conducted by Ahmad et.al (2010), papaya leaf extract has a large
papain content. Papain increases the platelet count in the blood. Hence, Dengue fever patients
consuming the extract had their platelet count increased. A group of students of university of
Illinois 92012), conducted a study about the effect of papain in the WBC and platelet count of a
rat with simulated hemorrhagic fever. It showed a good result for the rats WBC and platelets
count for it increased.
Based a study done by Dr. Sanath of Sri Lanka (2011), Papaya leaves extract normalize
the platelet count. It also helps in lowering the dengue fever and cure colds and flu.
According to the study conducted by Ayurveda researchers (2012), enzymes found in the
leaf of papaya can fight almost all viral infections, not just dengue. It also helps in the
regeneration of platelets and WBC.
All of the studies mentioned are all related to the study because it all describes the
properties of the Papaya leaf extract. It showed the effectiveness of the extract on different
infections.