Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Simpson, H. B., Maher, M.J., Wang, Y., Bao, Y., Foa, E.B. Fran!lin, M. "#$%%&. Journal o'
Consul(ing and Clini)al *s+)holog+, ,ol -."#&, /pr, #$%%. pp. #0-1#2#
3n (his ar(i)le i( (al!s abou( ho4 (hir(+ adul(s 4i(h OCD 4here pi)!ed 'or mo(iva(ional in(ervie4ing
s(ra(eg+. Bo(h (rea(men(s in)luded 5 in(ro sessions and %2 e6posure session. Bo(h groups 4here
)ombined 'or an e''e)(ive ou()ome. 7o4 4i(h 'u(ure resear)h should have in(erven(ions so i( 4ill
in)rease adheren)e (o improve (he ou()ome (o (he (rea(men(. 3' e''e)(ive, (hese in(erven(ions )ould (hen
be used (o personali8e )are.
9he s(ud+ 4as )ondu)(ed a( 7e4 Yor! S(a(e *s+)hia(ri) 3ns(i(u(e a( Columbia :niversi(+. 9he age
range is %;1-$ +ear old 'or pa(ien(s 4ho 4here in (his s(ud+ and had a men(al diagnosis o' OCD. 9he+
measured depression s+mp(oms. 9herapis(s evalua(ed pa(ien(s adheren)e (o be(4een sessions. 9he+
also used <inear regression 4as used (o evalua(e pa(ien( adheren)e. 9his predi)(ed pos( (rea(men( (o
OCD severi(+. 9heir 4as used (o improve OCD s+mp(oms. /ll (he (es( 4hi)h 4here )ondu)(ed a( a (4o
sided level o' signi'i)an)e in (rea(men( o' OCD.
Yu, C. =. "#$%5& Dreaming, ,ol #5"%&, Mar, #$%5. pp. 0>1>5
Obsessive Compulsive disorder is neuro(i) and s(ress rela(ed. 9his s(ud+ e6plorers rela(ionship
among people 4i(h OCD and dream e6perien)es and magi)al ideali8a(ion. 9his s(ud+ goes b+ (he
obsessive )ompulsive dream in(ensi(+ s)ale. 9his resul(s indi)a(e (he severi(+ o' OCD s+mp(oms and
(he s(rai(s o' OCD.
Some o' (he (rai(s in)lude an6ie(+, (rai( anger, anger suppression, spli((ing de'ense, and dream
(hemes. /nger pla+s a big par( in obsessive )ompulsive behavior. Obsessive )ompulsive dis(ress is used
as a spli((ing de'ense. Spli((ing de'ense and magi)al ideali8a(ion are (4o )ommon pa((erns 4i(h
obsessive )ompulsive disorder.
9he 'indings overall sho4 people 4i(h obsessive )ompulsive (o (end )er(ain dreams more 're?uen(l+.
9his ar(i)les deal 4i(h 4a+ a person dreams 4i(h obsessive )ompulsive disorder. 9his deals 4h+ people
are obsessive )ompulsive. Wh+ people ge( angr+ and repress (heir 'eelings as i( per(ains (o obsessive
)ompulsive disorder. Wh+ people don@( 4an( (o (al! abou( (he reason (he behind (he OCD.
Joseph A. H., Linda M. C., Robert J. T. & Ann N. Psychology of religion and spiritality. !"##. $ol. %,
No. &, !&#'!().
*hat +as e,plored in this article +as the relationship bet+een cognition and obsession se-erity
+hich +as done sing t+o different treat.ents for the obsessions. The e-idence fro. the hypothesis
shold that the sy.pto.s +here redced. The trial +hich co.pared cogniti-e beha-ioral therapy and
stress .anage.ent. The traditional .ediation analysis does indicate that the appraisal change is -ery
tenable +ith the redction of obsession redction.
This article dealt +ith cognition and the obsession and the relationship bet+een each other. The
reslts +here conclsi-e sho+ing the i.portance of e,a.ining the relationship of ptati-e and ot
co.e -ariables. Ho+ these t+o correlate +ith one another. This sho+s interesting hypotheses in the
treat.ents a-ailable for people +ith obsessi-e co.plsi-e disorder. This article dealt +ith the
relationships that case obsessi-e co.plsi-e disorder.
/latn0i 1., 2.its J. A., Po+ers M. 1., Cottra, J., Tart C. 3. & Rosenfield 3.
Jornal of Conslting and Clinical Psychology, $ol )#4%5, Jn, !"#%. pp. &#(6&!)
This article discss 1eha-ioral therapy and cogniti-e therapy in treat.ent for people +ith /C3. The
treat.ent for people +ith /C3 has been inconsistent. The inconsistency in the treat.ent of /C3 is
.ore de to statistical and .ethodological li.itations of prior stdies. This articles loo7s at the
effecti-eness in beha-ioral therapy and cogniti-e therapy +ith treat.ent of /C3. This article +ent on
to discss this stdy +old se .ore consistent statistical .ethods.
This ne+ consistent statistical .ethod sho+s a change in /C3 sy.pto.s. This stdy e-en +ent into
a linear approach. The present approach sho+ed gro+th +ithin the cr-e .odel. This is to deter.ine
+hich .odel is better in loo7ing at /C3. Their is .ore po+erfl statistical tools +hen e,a.ining the
difference bet+een treat.ents.
Berman 7.C., <osardo D., 9impano =.A., M)Bra(h *.B., Aiemann B.C.,
*s+)hologi)al /ssessmen(, ,ol ##"%&, Mar, #$%$. pp. %;$1%.;
9heir should be sound measures in obsessions and )ompulsions. Some o' (he ?uali(ies 4hi)h assess
(he severi(+ o' OCD. 9heir should be 'our good dimensions )on(amina(ion, responsibili(+,
in)omple(eness and una))ep(able (hough(. 9his should measure (he severi(+ o' OCD s+mp(oms. 9his
ar(i)le goes on (o sa+ DOCS s)ores are used.
9his sho4s (he )onsis(en)+ in (he s)oring o' OCD. 9he OCD s+mp(oms are highl+ he(erogeneous
and idios+n)ra(i). 9his )an be bro!e do4n in(o several dimensions 'or bo(h obsessional and )ompulsive
s+mp(oms. 9his ar(i)le deals 4i(h (he dimensions o' OCD and (he measuremen( o' DOCS s)ore.
94ohig M. *., Ha+es S. C., *lumb J. C., *rui(( <. D., Collins /. B., Woidne)! M. A. 94ohig M.*.
Journal o' Consul(ing and Clini)al *s+)holog+, ,ol -;"2&, O)(, #$%$. pp. -$21-%>
9his ar(i)le 4as (o e6amine (he e''i)ien)+ and a))ep(abili(+ in (he /C9 in(erven(ion 'or OCD. /C9
resul(ed in a grea(er number o' people par(i)ipa(ing and sho4ing )lini)all+ signi'i)an( improvemen(.
Bo(h (he /C9 and *A9 4here e?uall+ )redible. 9he+ 4ere a higher improvemen( in pos( (rea(men( 'or
OCD s+mp(oms 'or (he /C9 (hen *A9. 9his goes on (o dis)uss (he (rea( 4ho provided b+ (he (herapis(.
9he+ go on (o (al! abou( (he EA* and EA*1C9 ho4 4i(h (hese 'ailures (he /C9 )an help. 9rea(men(
4as high 'or bo(h /C9 and *A9. 9he+ 4ere 0% par(i)ipan(s in (his s(ud+. 9his sho4s (he (e)hni?ues (he
(herapis( use /C9 and ho4 (he+ use (his (+pe o' (rea(men(. 9his 4as done b+ a (herapis( (o be((er (he
resul(s.
Samuel D.B. Depar(men( o' *s+)holog+, :niversi(+ o' =en(u)!+
Diagnos(i) and S(a(is(i)al Manual o' Men(al Disorders "DSMC3,C9AD /*/, #$$$, p. >;.&.
9he s(ud+ (ha( 4as done in regards (o obsessive )ompulsive disorder 4as approved b+ (he
ins(i(u(ional revie4 board and (he sample (ha( 4as done 4as dra4n b+ in(rodu)(or+ ps+)holog+ s(uden(
par(i)ipan( pool 4hi)h 4as a( (he universi(+ o' =en(u)!+. 9he sample (ha( 4as done 4as largel+ 'emale
and more Cau)asian. OCD )an be unders(ood as e6)essive or e6(reme )ons)ien(iousness. OCD and
impairmen( has been mi6ed a))ording (o several s(udies.
9hese 'indings sho4 (ha( OCD is being diagnosed and assessed and has a mi6(ure o' adap(ive
and maladap(ive )ons)ien(iousness. On (he o(her hand (heir has been a number o' s(udies (ha( indi)a(ed
(ha( )ons)ien(iousness does rela(e (o ris!+ heal(h behaviors. 9his does in)lude subs(an)e abuse, and
longevi(+ and )areer su))ess. 9his 4ill help in )on(rolling OCD s+mp(oms.
*erreaul( M.<., Seeman *., S8e)h(man H., Depar(men( o' ps+)hia(r+
Behavioral 7euros)ien)e , ,ol %#%"2&, O)(, #$$-. pp. .->1..%
This research goes on to tal7 abot the antagonist 8inpirole and ho+ the 8inpirole sensiti9ed rat
4hi)h +as engaged in co.plsi-e chec7ing beha-ior. This is considered an ani.al .odel of obsessi-e
co.plsi-e disorder. They are for h.an do.ains in obsessi-e co.plsi-e disorder. The first one
spatiote.pora constantly co.plsi-ely chec7ing. The second one is .oti-ational basis of the chec7ing
beha-ior. The third one .odlation +hich is e,ternal sti.li of 8inpirole beha-ior and /C3
co.plsion.

The sb0ects +here nai-e .ale long :-ans rats. The rats +here in polythylene cages +ith Te7
;resh lining. *ith te.peratre controlled to !! degrees Celsis. The rats +here in a colony roo. +ith
#! hor dar7 light cycle. This +as ad.inistered in controlled en-iron.ent to see effect of /C3 on rats
and ho+ that correlates to h.ans. This helps to nderstand obsessi-e co.plsi-e disorder better and
stdying rats +ill help nderstand /C3 in h.ans.
Tho.pson H.J., :dson A., To.pson M.C., Co.er, J.2.
Jornal of ;a.ily Psychology, $ol !)4%5, Jn, !"#&. pp. !)<6!=)
This article tal7s abot psychological treat.ents for obsessi-e co.plsi-e disorder. These types
of treat.ents are ai.ed at i.pro-ing otco.es for people +ith /bsessi-e co.plsi-e disorder. The
fa.ily inclsi-e treat.ent is one treat.ent and .ch is to be learned abot the effects of this treat.ent.
Then there is the rando. effects .eta analytic procedre this +as condcted to e-alate o-erall effects
of ;>Ts on /C3.
The stdy search criteria +hich yielded != stdies. This e,a.ined the ;>T response in #,%??
/C3 patients. There are -ariables in the otco.e +hich inclded /C3 sy.pto.s and global
fnctioning. 2o.e of the factors inclde age, gender, .inority stats, and the length of ti.e and
(rea(men(. /-erall there is a great response to these treat.ents.
Re-en M., /rna, Tel6A-i- @., Ra.at A., >srael, 3ar R., Liber.an, Nira,
Jornal of Abnor.al Psychology, $ol ##<4!5, May, !""). pp. %%&6%&#
This research in this article ses the illsion of control paradig.. This paradig. e,a.ines
relationships a.ong /C3 sy.pto.s, beha-ioral control atte.pts, and illsory sense of control.
Participants in this stdy +ere presented +ith a se8ence of a-ersi-e and netral sti.li +hich +as Pre
progra..ed. These participants +ith 7eyboard presses +ere encorage to control the se8ence.
People of this stdy +ere as7ed to rate the le-el of control they percei-e. >n this research
repetiti-eness of the 7eyboard +as sed. This +as sed to .easre the .ore co.plsi-e li7e behavior.
They +ere a sa.ple of (( stdents in stdy one +ho co.pleted .easres of depression and /C3. >n
stdy ! they +ere !! participants +ho has /C3 and .atched the sa.e participants +ithot /C3. This
stdy sho+ed /C3 sy.pto.s correlated +ith higher illsory sense of control +ith .ore repetiti-e
beha-ior control +ith /C3.
Na0i.i, 2adia, A.ir, Nader
Jornal of Abnor.al Psychology, $ol ##=4#5, ;eb, !"#". pp. #%?6#&!
>n this crrent stdy +e e-alated the effecti-eness of attention training +ith indi-idals +ho
ha-e /bsessi-e co.plsi-e sy.pto.s. >n this stdy +hat +as loo7ed at +as co.pleting attention
training. Participants +old be .ch .ore li7ely to co.plete the progra. and steps to approach the
feared conta.inant co.pared to the participants in the controlled condition. Participants co.pleted a
probe li7e detection tas7. This research different tas7s +ere carried ot to stdy obsessi-e co.plsi-e
disorder.
2egalas C., Alonso P., Labad J., Jarrieta N., Ji.ene9 2., Mechon J.M.,
Neropsychology, $ol !!4!5, Mar, !""). pp. !?!6!<!
This article tal7s abot .e.ory deficits that ha-e been reported in different nero
psychological stdy +ith /C3. 3ysfnction is a non-erbal .e.ory +hich has been reported and
+here the findings are .ore heterogeneos. They +ere (" patients stdy +ho +ere .atch based off
se-eral factors se,, age, edcational le-el. Another factor that +as stdied +as cogniti-e perfor.ance.
Patients +ho ha-e /C3 sho+ed a pattern of cogniti-e dysfnction in the specific areas of
non-erbal .e.ory and -erbal .e.ory. Poorer perfor.ance is associated +ith /C3 and older age.
Lo+ scores on so.e patients represented the se-erity of /C3. This article also sggests there is
e,istence of dysfnction in the e,ection of -erbal and non -erbal tas7s +ith /C3. /-erall this deals
stdy deals +ith test in regard to .e.ory.
*oody :.A., 29echt.an H.,
Psychological Re-ie+, $ol ##!4%5, Jl, !""(. pp. ?()6??#
>n this article it addresses isses of the interrelation of e.otion, cognition and beha-ior. This
article goes on to tal7 abot starting -erss stopping +hich is the nderline dysfnctional proble. and
the significance of sy.pto.s of the disorder. This article dra+s attention to /bsessi-e Co.plsi-e
disorder that cold not be e,plained by the theory of the disorder. They also noted to the fact that they
+ere already .any theories done on /bsessi-e Co.plsi-e.
They address +hat is distincti-e abot their theory and +hy it does and pro.ises a generati-e
ftre research. Their +here three i.portant isses associated +ith this research. The first isse the
interrelation bet+een e.otion, cognition, and the beha-ior aspect of the disorder. The second and third
isse nderlying dysfnction and the significance in sy.pto. of the disorder.
Abra.o+it9, Jonathan 2., ;ran7lin, Martin :., 2ch+art9, 2tefanie A., ;rr, Ja.i M.
Jornal of Conslting and Clinical Psychology, ""!!""?B, !""%, $ol. <#, >sse ?
This article goes on to e,plain +hat /C3 +hich in-ol-es distressing thoght and co.plsi-e
ritals regarding general the.es one or .ore conta.ination, religion, sy..etry. People +ith /C3 can
be groped into sbgrops. The ai. of the first stdy +as to categori9e patients on the basis of
sy.pto. presentation and directly co.pare the reslts +ith prior researchers. >n the second stdy +as
ai.ed to co.pare the otco.es of the cogniti-e beha-ioral therapy across the sy.pto. categories.
The reslts fro. stdy # i.plicated the diagnostic and assess.ent and conceptali9ation of
/C3. 3iagnosis of /C3 has t+o re8ire.ents obsession and co.plsions. /C3 is .ore repetitios
and co.plsi-e sy.pto.s. /C3 is .ore than collection of repetitios or co.plsi-e sy.pto.s. The
reslts fro. stdy ! +hich is rele-ant to the psychopathology of /C3. 2tdy ! indicates that :RP
redces /C3 sy.pto.s specifically by +ea7ening the associations bet+een obsessi-e thoght and
an,iety and co.plsi-e ritals and an,iety redction.
1arber, Jac8es P., Morse, Jennifer C., Dra7aer, >lana 3., Chitta.s, Jesse, Christopher, Datherine
Psychotherapy, ""%%%!"&, #==<, $ol. %&, >sse !
>n this type of therapy patients +h+ich recei-e 32M diagnosis of A$P3 or /CP3 and fall
bet+een the
>n this type of therapy patients recei-ing a 32M diagnosis of A$P3 or /CP3 and +here
bet+een the ages of !" and ?(. The patients +here classified into a personality disorder grop +ith
+hich their +as a high le-el of se-erity. Patients +ere recrited throgh ne+spaper ad-ertise.ents and
the general phone line. Callers +ere screened throgh a series of 8estions to see if they had depression
and an,iety and /CP3. Then they +ere in-ited for an inta7e inter-ie+.
Patients +ere accepted into different pilot stdies. Treat.ents consisted of (! +ee7ly sessions
+hich lasted p to ? .onths. The treat.ent sed +as based on Lbors7yEs treat.ent .anal. The
CCRT is nco-ered by focsing on the patients narrati-es abot present and past relationship. %)
patients entered the stdy and #= .ale and #= +ere fe.ale and the .ean age +as %<.
Myric7, A.ie C., Freen, :ric J.
>nternational Jornal of Play Therapy, #(((?)!&, !"#!, $ol. !#, >sse !
/C3 in children is -ery co.ple, psychiatric disorder that affects #G'%G of children in the
@nited 2tates. This is characteri9ed by both obsessions and co.plsions. Children +ho ha-e /C3
e,perience a +ide range of sy.pto.s fear of conta.ination, obsessi-e +orries abot safety for
the.sel-es and 'amil+ .e.bers. Repetiti-e chec7ing conting, arranging or toching are so.e .ore
sy.pto.s of /C3.

Play therapy operates +ith the belief that children de .ch .ore better in treat.ent +hen they
e,press their thoght and feelings. Play therapists pro-ide an environmen( for gro+th and change in
children. Play acti-ities can be sed as helpfl tools to assist children in learning necessary coping
s7ills. This helps redce so.e of the sy.pto.s of /C3 in children.
Le+in, Ada. 1., 2torch, :ric A., Merlo, Lisa J., Ad7ins, Jennifer *., Mrphy, Tanya, Feff7en, Fary A.
Psychological 2er-ices, #(&##((=, !""(, $ol. !, >sse !
C1T is a for. of phar.acotherapy +ith 2R> is a first line of inter-entions in pediatric /C3.
Pediatric /C3 patients fond lo+er rates of chronic /C3. C1T therapy sggest .any patients donEt
de.onstrate a significant response to treat.ent. The :,tant of the CB9 therapy trials ranged fro. (<G
to ))G. 3ata 'rom recent trials ha-e reported response rates fro. %"G to <&G.