B.

Tech DEGREE EXAMINATION, REGULATION 2009

MODEL UNIVERSITY QUESTION PAPER
AERODYNAMICS-II
PART-A (15 X 2 = 30)
1. Define isentropic compressibility.
2. Write the Bernoullis equation for incompressible flow.
3. Write the shock relation of the perfect gas?
4. Differentiate between shock wave and expansion wave.
5. How lift and drag varies with angle of attack for a supersonic profile?
6. Distinguish between Lower Critical Mach number and Upper Critical Mach number.
7. How is flow over a cone different from flow over a wedge?
8. Define drag divergence Mach number.
9. What is a shock tube?
10. Write the Prandtl Glauret Rule.
11. Sketch the different types of supersonic profiles.
12. What is critical Mach number?
13. What are the salient features of hypersonic wind tunnels?
14. What is shock tube and what is its application?
15. List out the various flow visualization methods.
PART-B (5 X 14 = 70)
16. (a) (i) Derive an expression for speed of sound.
(ii) Calculate the mass flow rate, the nozzle throat area, and the reservoir pressure
and temperature required for a supersonic wind tunnel operation with test-section
conditions of Mach 3, static pressure of 0.2 atm and static temperature of 300 K. The test-
section area is 0.05 m
2
. Assume the flow to be isentropic. (OR)
(b) (i) Air flow is discharged to atmosphere at sea level through a sonic nozzle. If the air
storage at the reservoir is 40 x 10
5
N/m
2
. Determine the pressure, temperature and density
at the exit of the nozzle. Assume that the reservoir air is at sea level temperature.
(ii) Derive the one dimensional adiabatic steady state energy equation and deduce the
isentropic relations for a perfect gas.
17. (a) (i) Derive the Rayleigh supersonic Pitot formula.
(ii) A Pitot tube is inserted into an air flow of Mach 2 where the static pressure is 1
atm. Calculate the total pressure measured by the tube and the loss of total pressure
experienced. (OR)
(b) (i) Derive a relation between flow turning angle, shock angle and Free-stream Mach
number for oblique shock waves.
(ii) Consider a Mach 2.5 supersonic flow over a compression corner with a deflection
angle of 14 degree. Calculate the increase in shock strength if the deflection angle is
doubled to 28 degree.
18. (a) Write a brief note on
(i) shock polar in non dimensional form.
(ii) Rankine-Hugoniot relation.
(OR)
(b) (i) Explain the concept of critical Mach number. Distinguish between lower and upper
critical mach numbers.
(ii) With a neat sketch explain area rule for drag reduction.
19. (a) Air at Mach 2 passes over two compression corners of angles 70 and , as shown in
fig. Determine the value of up to which the second shock will remain attached.

(OR)
(b) For the double wedge shown in fig, calculate the flow Mach numbers and the
slipstream.

20. (a) Write short notes on:
(i) Transonic area rule.
(ii) Characteristics of swept wings.
(OR)
(b) (i) Describe the schlieren system of flow visualization with a neat sketch.
(ii) Sketch a typical layout of a supersonic wind tunnel. What is starting problem in
supersonic wind tunnel.





















Lesson Plan

H
o
u
r

C
o
u
n
t

Proposed
Date
Actual
date
Topics covered
Unit
No
Mode of
Delivery
Remarks
1 07/07/2014 Energy equations

1 Chk&Board
2 08/07/2014
Momentum, continuity equation
1 Chk&Board
3 09/07/2014 1 Chk&Board
4 10/07/2014 Velocity of sound 1 Chk&Board
5 11/07/2014
Adiabatic steady state flow equations
1 Chk&Board
6 14/07/2014 1 Chk&Board
7 15/07/2014 Flow through converging, diverging
passages
1 Chk&Board
8 18/07/2014 1 Chk&Board
9 22/07/2014 Performance under various back pressures 1 Chk&Board

10 24/07/2014 Prandtl equation and Rankine-Hugonoit
relation, Normal shock equations
2 Chk&Board
11 25/07/2014 Chk&Board
12 28/07/2014 Pitot static tube, corrections for subsonic
and supersonic flows, Oblique shocks and
corresponding equations
2 Chk&Board

13 30/07/2014 Hodograph and pressure turning angle,
shock polars, flow past wedges and
concave corners
2 Chk&Board
14 01/08/2014
Chk&Board

15 05/08/2014 strong, weak and detached shocks,
Rayleigh and Fanno Flow
2
Chk&Board

16 06/08/2014 Flow past convex corners, Expansion
hodograph,
2


17 08/08/2014 Reflection and interaction of shocks and
expansion waves

2
Chk&Board

18 11/08/2014 Methods of Characteristics, Two
dimensional supersonic nozzle contours
2
Chk&Board


19 13/08/2014 Small perturbation potential theory 3
Chk&Board


20 14/08/2014 solutions for supersonic flows 3
Chk&Board

21 19/08/2014 Mach waves and Mach angles, 3


22 20/08/2014 Prandtl-Glauert affine transformation
relations for subsonic flows
3
Chk&Board

23 21/08/2014
24 25/08/2014 Linearised two dimensional supersonic 3 Chk&Board
25 26/08/2014 flow theory Chk&Board
26 02/09/2014 Lift, drag pitching moment and center of
pressure of supersonic profiles
3 Chk&Board
27 04/09/2014 Chk&Board
Chk&Board
28 08/09/2014 Lower and upper critical Mach numbers 4 Chk&Board
PPT

29 09/09/2014
30 12/09/2014 Lift and drag divergence 4 Chk&Board
31 15/09/2014 shock induced separation 4 Chk&Board
32 16/09/2014 Characteristics of swept wings 4 Chk&Board
33 18/09/2014 Effects of thickness 4 Chk&Board
34 19/09/2014 camber and aspect ratio of wings 4 Chk&Board
35 22/09/2014 Transonic area rule, Tip effects 4 Chk&Board
PPT

36 23/09/2014

37 25/09/2014 Blow down, indraft and induction tunnel
layouts and their design features
5 Chk&Board
38 26/09/2014 5 Chk&Board
39 06/09/2014 Transonic, supersonic and hypersonic
tunnels and their peculiarities
5 Chk&Board
40 08/09/2014 5 Chk&Board
41 07/09/2014 5 PPT
42 09/09/2014 Helium and gun tunnels 5 Chk&Board
43 13/09/2014 Chk&Board
44 15/09/2014 Shock tubes, Optical methods of flow
visualization
5 Chk&Board
45 16/09/2014 5 Chk&Board