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This - That - These - Those - Here - There
By Kenneth Beare
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It's important to learn this and these for objects that are close at hand. This is used for
singular objects, and these is used for plural objects. This and these are often used with the
'here' to indicate that the object is near. For example:
This is my bag here.
These are my friends in this room.
That is used for singular objects, and those is used for plural objects that are located away
from the speaker. That and those are often used with the 'there' to indicate that the object is
away from the speaker. For example:
That is my car parked over there.
Those are my apple trees at the back of the garden.
Here is a chart to give a quick overview of the use of these important words:
Close or
Far?
Singular Example Plural Example
Close =
here
This This is my car here in my
driveway.
These These are my friends sitting at the
table here.
Far = there That That is Tom's house over
there.
Those Those are my classmates sitting
over there.
This That These and Those are considered demonstrative determiners and are often used
with the location words 'here' and 'there'. The following conversation, short explanation and
follow-up quiz can be used in class or for self-study to better understand when to use these
essential words in English. For more detailed information and extensive examples, this guide
to this that these and those will answer any question you or your students may have.
Read the conversations below:
David: Could you give me that book on the table over there?
Frank: Do you mean this book here?
David: Yes, that book.
Frank: Here you are. Oh, could you give me those magazines on the table over there?
David: These? Sure, here you are.
David: Is there an apple on that table over there?
Frank: Yes, there is. Here it is.
David: Great, are there any oranges?
Frank: No, there aren't.
David: Oh, here they are, next to me on this table.
Look at the chart below:
Singular Forms
Use "here" for something which is near to us.
Example: Here is the pencil in my hand.
Use "there" for something which is far from us.
Example: There is the pen next to the lamp.
Use "this" for one object (singular) which is here (near to us).
Example: This is a book in my hand.
Use "that" for one object (singular) which is there.
Example: That is his car over there.
Plural Forms
Use "these" for more than one object (plural) which are here (near to us).
Example: These are my friends next to me.
Use "those" for more than one object (plural) which are there.
Example: Those are his toys over there.
Use "there" for one object (singular) which exists - or "is" (near to us).
Example: There is (There's) a table next to the window.
Use "there" for more than one object (plural) which exist - or "are".
Example: There are many of my friends at the party tonight.
Exercise
Complete the sentences using this, that, these, those, here and there. Click on the next page to
see the answers.
1. Could you bring me that chair over _____?
2. Here are _____ pictures.
3. Can you see _____ building next to the bank?
4. Is _____ piece of pie over there for me?
5. _____ are three boys sitting on the bench.
6. I would like some of _____ cookies on that shelf.
7. _____ bicycles over there are expensive.
8. These dolls on the table _____ are very old.


Singular
Plural
Here This These
There That Those


These words are called demonstrative pronouns and they are used to show the relative
distance between the speaker and the noun.


We use this (singular) and these (plural) to refer to something that is here / near.
Examples:
This is my car. (singular)
These are our children. (plural)


We use that (singular) and those (plural) to refer to something that is there / far.
Examples:
That is our house. (singular)
Those are my shoes. (plural)
Note that the verb changes (i.e. singular / plural) depending on the pronoun that you use.


You can also use demonstrative pronouns with a noun.
Examples:
This party is boring. (singular)
That city is busy. (singular)
These chocolates are delicious. (plural)
Those flowers are beautiful. (plural)


If an action is near in timewe tend to use this / these.
If an action has finished or is in the past we use that / those.
Examples:
This is a good meal. (at the time of eating)
Those girls we met last night were silly. (an event that happened in the past).


The expressions this is / that is are also common when you talk on the phone or you
introduce people.
Examples:
"Hello, this is Peter."
Carol, this is my friend Simon. Simon, this is Carol.