Oracle Data Guard 11g

Data Guard Process Architecture

On the primary database, Log Writer Network Server (LNS) process capture redo data
being written by Log Writer and synchronously or asynchronously transmit the redo data
to the standby database. he LNS process isolates Log Writer !rom the overhead o!
transmission and !rom network disruptions.
Synchronous redo transport (S"N#) re$uires the Log Writer on the primary database to
wait !or acknowledgement !rom LNS that the standby has received the redo data and
written it to a standby redo log be!ore it can acknowledge the commit to the client
application. his insures all committed transactions are on disk and protected at the
standby location.
%synchronous redo transport (%S"N#) does not re$uire the Log Writer on the primary to
wait !or acknowledgment !rom the standby database that redo has been written to disk&
commits are acknowledged to the client application asynchronous o! redo transport.
Physical
Standby
Database
Backup /
Reports
Oracle Net
FAL
Primary
Databas
e
Transaction
s
LGWR
Online
Redo
Logs
Archived Redo Logs
ARCH
RFS
Standb
y
Redo
Logs
Archived Redo Logs
ARCH
MRP
LS
Real
!ime
A""ly

'etch %rchive Log ('%L) provides client(server mechanism !or shipping archived logs to
standby !ollowing a communication loss between the primary and standby, !or automatic
gap resolution and resynchroni)ation. %rchiver (%*#n) processes are always utili)ed to
ship log !iles that are needed to resolve gaps.
he !al+server and !al+client parameters are used !or the gap resolution. When ,*-
!inds that an archive log is missing during media recovery, it sends the !al+client
in!ormation to the server identi!ied by !al+server and re$uests !al+server to resend the !ile
again.
Standby database uses one or more *emote 'ile Server (*'S) processes on the standby
database to receive redo data and write it to a !ile called a Standby *edo Log (S*L). he
,anaged *ecovery -rocess (,*-) is used to coordinate the application o! redo data to a
physical standby database.
.! the /ata 0uard 1roker is enabled, /ata 0uard also uses the /ata 0uard 1roker
,onitor (/,ON) and other process to manage and monitor the primary and standby
databases as a uni!ied con!iguration.
Creating physical standby database using new DUPLICATE FROM ACTIE
DATA!A"E RMA# c$%%and
#onventional backup(based standby db
2. #reate backup on primary
3. ,ove backup to standby site
4. *estore backup and recover
Network(based standby 5 directly creates image copies on standby site
New 6'*O, %#.78 /%%1%S89 clause
( #reates image copies o! !iles on the standby site over the network using parallel
channels.
( No interim storage needed !or a copy o! the backup !ile.
( Simple steps per!ormed on the Standby server
/o a so!tware(only install on the standby database system.
Setup OracleNet.
#reate a static listener entry !or the standby, start the listener.
#reate Oracle Net connect descriptors !or the Standby at the -rimary site and !or the
-rimary at the Standby site.
#reate an init.ora !ile with only the /1N%,8 in it.
#reate a password !ile with the same S"S password.
#reate any necessary directories.
Startup nomount the standby instance.
8:ecute the new duplicate command
On primary db O*#L
(Sp!ile
S;L< S=OW -%*%,88* S-'.L8
.! not using S-'.L8
S;L<#*8%8 S-'.L8 '*O, -'.L8
S;L<S=>/OWN .,,8/.%8&
S;L<S%*>-&
(%rchivelog mode
S;L<%*#=.78 LO0 L.S 5 i! not in archivelog mode
S;L<S=>/OWN .,,8/.%8&
S;L<S%*>- ,O>N&
S;L<%L8* /%%1%S8 %*#=.78LO0&
S;L<%L8* /%%1%S8 O-8N&
S;L<%L8* /%%1%S8 'O*#8 LO00.N0&
S;L< S8L8# LO0+,O/8,'O*#8+LO00.N0,O-8N+,O/8,/%%1%S8+*OL8
'*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
('orce logging @ nologging, append hint are ignored
#reate standby redo log!iles
5 si)e @must be same as online redo log !iles
5 number 5 one more than the number o! online redo log groups
5 can be multiple:ed
5 created on primary (!or role reversal)
5 *,%N will create on standby db
S;L< S8L8# 1"8SA2B3CA2B3C '*O, 7?LO0 5 DB,
S;L<%L8* /%%1%S8 %// S%N/1" LO0'.L8
E8@F%--F7.G%"8HFO*%/%%FO*#LFS*LB2.LO0I S.J8 DB,&
S;L<%L8* /%%1%S8 %// S%N/1" LO0'.L8
E8@F%--F7.G%"8HFO*%/%%FO*#LFS*LB3.LO0I S.J8 DB,&
S;L<%L8* /%%1%S8 %// S%N/1" LO0'.L8
E8@F%--F7.G%"8HFO*%/%%FO*#LFS*LB4.LO0I S.J8 DB,&
S;L<%L8* /%%1%S8 %// S%N/1" LO0'.L8
E8@F%--F7.G%"8HFO*%/%%FO*#LFS*LBC.LO0I S.J8 DB,&
S;L< S8L8# 0*O>-K,1"8SA2B3CA2B3C '*O, 7?S%N/1"+LO0&
S;L<S8L8# 0*O>-K,,8,18* '*O, 7?LO0'.L8 W=8*8
"-8LMS%N/1"M&
"-8 @ ONL.N8 O* S%N/1"
S;L<%L8* S"S8, S8
LO0+%*#=.78+#ON'.0LI/0+#ON'.0L(O*#L,O*#LS1")I S#O-8L1O=&
>ses the DG_CONFIG attribute to list the DB_UNIQUE_NAME o! the primary and
standby databases.
S;L< %L8* S"S8, S8 LO0+%*#=.78+/8S+3LIS8*7.#8LO*#LS1"
L0W* %S"N# 7%L./+'O*L(ONL.N8+LO0'.L8,-*.,%*"+*OL8)
/1+>N.;>8+N%,8LO*#LS1"I S#O-8L1O=&
7alid only !or the primary role, this destination transmits redo data to the remote physical
standby destination orclsby.
S;L< S=OW -%*%,88* LO0+%*#=.78+/8S+3
S;L<%L8* S"S8, S8 LO0+%*#=.78+/8S+S%8+3LI8N%1L8I
S#O-8L1O=I& ((/e!ault is enable
S;L< S=OW -%*%,88* LO0+%*#=.78+/8S+S%8+3
N select dest+id,dest+name,status, type,destination !rom v?archive+dest&
When primary is in standby role
S;L< %L8* S"S8, S8 /1+'.L8+N%,8+#ON78*LMFO*#LS1"FM,MFO*#LFM
S#O-8LS-'.L8&
S;L< %L8* S"S8, S8 LO0+'.L8+N%,8+#ON78*LMFO*#LS1"FM,MFO*#LFM
S#O-8LS-'.L8&
S;L< %L8* S"S8, S8 S%N/1"+'.L8+,%N%08,8NLM%>OM
S#O-8L1O=&
When new tablespaces are created or datat!iles are added to primary db, they are
automatically created on standby database.
S;L<%L8* S"S8, S8 '%L+S8*78*LMO*#LS1"M S#O-8L1O=&
S;L<%L8* S"S8, S8 '%L+#L.8NLMO*#LM S#O-8L1O=&
hese are NS service names
=ere O*#LS1" is the service name (NS entry) to connect to standby db O*#LS1"
#on!igure NSN%,8S.ora in O*%#L8+=O,8FN8WO*HF%/,.N to connect to
standby database
O*%#L8+=O,8 @ 8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2
O*#L L
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L #-)(=OS L L(CBB4CBP)(-O* L 2D32))
(#ONN8#+/%% L
(S8*78* L /8/.#%8/)
(S8*7.#8+N%,8 L orcl)
)
)
O*#LS1" L
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L #-)(=OS L L(CBB4CBP)(-O* L 2D32))
(#ONN8#+/%% L
(S8*78* L /8/.#%8/)
(S8*7.#8+N%,8 L O*#LS1")
)
)
Statically register the primary db orcl with listener 5 re$uired incase o! !ailover
#on!igure L.S8N8*.ora in O*%#L8+=O,8FN8WO*HF%/,.N
S./+L.S+L.S8N8* L
(S./+L.S L
(S./+/8S# L
(0LO1%L+/1N%,8 L O*#L)
(O*%#L8+=O,8 L 8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2)
(S./+N%,8 L O*#L)
)
)
L.S8N8* L
(/8S#*.-.ON+L.S L
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L .-#)(H8" L 8Q-*O#2D32))
)
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L #-)(=OS L L(CBB4CBP)(-O* L 2D32))
)
)
LSN*#L
LSN*#L< reload
LSN*#L< status
LSN*#L< services
0o to O*%#L8+=OL8 (8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2) /%%1%S8 !older
#opy -W/orcl.ora to standby site in the same location as -W/orclsby.ora
(On uni: go to dbs !older in O*%#L8+=O,8 and copy orpworcl.ora to standby
database in the same location as orapworclsby.ora)
O* create password !ile on standby db using orapwd utility. -assword has to be same as
that o! primary db. he password !or the S"S user on every database in a /ata 0uard
con!iguration must be identical !or redo transmission to succeed.
he password !ile must be re(copied each time the SYSDBA or SYSOPER privilege is
granted or revoked and whenever the login password o! a user with these privileges is
changed. "ou may need '-, or some other remote !ile trans!er mechanism, i! you are
using di!!erent servers.
orapwd !ileLO*%#L8+=O,8F/%%1%S8F-W/O*#LS1".O*% passwordLwipro
entriesLD !orceLy ignorecaseLy
On standby database create initorclsby.ora !ile in O*%#L8+=O,8F/%%1%S8 !older
with only one parameter /1+N%,8Lorclsby
On standby db !or window 5 create windows service using oradim
oradim 5N8W 5S./ orclsby 5S%*,O/8 manual 5-'.L8
E8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2FdatabaseFinitorclsby.oraI
Statically register the standby db with listener (because initially standby db will be started
in nomount stage 5 dynamic registration happens by -,ON when the db is opened)
#on!igure L.S8N8*.ora in O*%#L8+=O,8FN8WO*HF%/,.N
S./+L.S+L.S8N8* L
(S./+L.S L
(S./+/8S# L
(0LO1%L+/1N%,8 L O*#Lsby)
(O*%#L8+=O,8 L 8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2)
(S./+N%,8 L O*#Lsby)
)
)
L.S8N8* L
(/8S#*.-.ON+L.S L
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L .-#)(H8" L 8Q-*O#2D32))
)
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L #-)(=OS L L(CBB4CBP)(-O* L 2D32))
)
)
LSN*#L
LSN*#L< reload
LSN*#L< status
LSN*#L< services
#on!igure NSN%,8S.ora in O*%#L8+=O,8FN8WO*HF%/,.N to connect to
primary database
O*#L L
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L #-)(=OS L L(CBB4CBP)(-O* L 2D32))
(#ONN8#+/%% L
(S8*78* L /8/.#%8/)
(S8*7.#8+N%,8 L orcl)
)
)
O*#LS1" L
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L #-)(=OS L L(CBB4CBP)(-O* L 2D32))
(#ONN8#+/%% L
(S8*78* L /8/.#%8/)
(S8*7.#8+N%,8 L O*#LS1")
)
)
O*%#L8+1%S8 @ 8@FappFviOayek
On standby create the !ollowing !olders
2. go to O*%#L8+1%S8Fadmin 5 create !older O*#LS1"
3. go to O*%#L8+1%S8FadminForclsby 5 create !older adump @ this is the audit
trail destination
4. go to O*%#L8+1%S8 5 create !older oradata
C. go to O*%#L8+1%S8Foradata 5 create !older orclsby
D. go to O*%#L8+1%S8 5 create !older !lash+recover+area
R. go to O*%#L8+1%S8F!lash+recovery+area 5 create !older orclsby
P. go to O*%#L8+1%S8FdiagFrdbms 5 create !older orclsby
S. go to O*%#L8+1%S8FdiagFrdbmsForclsby 5 create !older orclsby
On standby db ( O*#LS1"
Set O*%#L8+S./LO*#LS1"
8:port O*%#L8+S./ 5 uni: only
S$lplus Anolog
S;L<#ONN A %S S"S/1%
S;L<S%*>- NO,O>N -'.L8LI
8@F%--F7.G%"8HF-*O/>#F22.2.BF/1+2F/%%1%S8F.N.O*#LS1".O*%I&
S;L<8Q.&
On primary site
Set O*%#L8+S./LO*#L
8:port O*%#L8+S./
*,%N
*,%N<connect target sysAwipro
connected to target database@ O*#L
*,%N<connect au:iliary sysAwiproTorclsby
connected to au:iliary database@ O*#LS1" (not mounted)
*,%N<Tcreate+standby.t:t
#reate+standby.t:t
*>N U
%LLO#%8 #=%NN8L -2 "-8 /.SH&
%LLO#%8 %>Q.L.%*" #=%NN8L S2 "-8 /.SH&
/>-L.#%8 %*08 /%%1%S8 'O* S%N/1" '*O, %#.78 /%%1%S8
S-'.L8
-%*%,88*+7%L>8+#ON78* MO*#LM,MO*#LS1"M
S8 /1+>N.;>8+N%,8LMO*#LS1"M
S8 /1+'.L8+N%,8+#ON78*LMFO*#LFM,MFO*#LS1"FM
S8 LO0+'.L8+N%,8+#ON78*LMFO*#LFM,MFO*#LS1"FM
S8
#ON*OL+'.L8SLM8@F%--F7.G%"8HFO*%/%%FO*#LS1"F#ON*OLB2.#LM
S8 LO0+%*#=.78+,%Q+-*O#8SS8SLMDM
S8 '%L+#L.8NLMO*#LS1"M
S8 '%L+S8*78*LMO*#LM
S8 S%N/1"+'.L8+,%N%08,8NLM%>OM
S8 LO0+%*#=.78+#ON'.0LM/0+#ON'.0L(O*#L,O*#LS1")M
S8 LO0+%*#=.78+/8S+S%8+3LM8N%1L8M
S8 LO0+%*#=.78+/8S+3LMS8*7.#8LO*#L L0W* %S"N#
7%L./+'O*L(ONL.N8+LO0'.L8,-*.,%*"+*OL8)
/1+>N.;>8+N%,8LO*#LM
&
V
-arameter+value+convert 5 is used to set values o! a bunch o! directory related init
parameters like user+dump+dest, core+ , background+, audit+!ile+dest 5 replaces O*#L
with O*#LS1" !or these parameters 5 e:cept !or data !iles and log !ile destinations.
*,%N<8Q.&
On the primary system
Set O*%#Le+S./Lorcl
8:port O*%#L8+S./
S$lplus Anolog
S;L<#ONN A %S S"S/1%
S;L<%L8* S"S8, SW.#= LO0'.L8&
S;L< S8L8# ,%Q(S8;>8N#8K) '*O, 7?LO0&
On the standsby system
Set O*%#Le+S./Lorclsby
8:port O*%#L8+S./
S$lplus Anolog
S;L<#ONN A %S S"S/1%
S;L< S8L8# O-8N+,O/8,/%%1%S8+*OL8, -*O8#.ON+,O/8,
LO0+,O/8,'O*#8+LO00.N0 '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8 >S.N0
#>**8N LO0'.L8 /.S#ONN8#&
current log!ile 5 real time apply
disconnect 5 ,*- does the recovery in background
S;L< S8L8# ,8SS%08 '*O, 7?/%%0>%*/+S%>S&
S;L< S8L8# N '*O, 7?%*#=.78+0%-&
S;L< S8L8# -*O#8SS,#L.8N+-*O#8SS, S%>S, S8;>8N#8K, 0*O>-K
'*O, 7?,%N%08/+S%N/1"&
S;L< S8L8# ,%Q(S8;>8N#8K) '*O, 7?LO0&
S;L< S8L8# S8;>8N#8K, %--L.8/ '*O, 7?%*#=.78/+LO0&
S;L< S8L8# *8#O78*"+,O/8 '*O, 7?%*#=.78+/8S+S%>S W=8*8
/8S+./L3& (( on primary and standby
Converting to snapshot standby :
On Standby /1
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8
#%N#8L&
( stops ,*- process
S;L< S8L8# 'L%S=1%#H+ON '*O, 7?/%%1%S8& ( NO
S;L< S8L8# N '*O, 7?*8SO*8+-O.N& ( NO *OWS
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 #ON78* O SN%-S=O S%N/1"&
( this enables !lashback logging and creates a restore point
S;L< S=>/OWN .,,8/.%8&
S;L<S%*>-&
S;L< S8L8# O-8N+,O/8,/%%1%S8+*OL8, 'L%S=1%#H+ON '*O,
7?/%%1%S8&
Setup Test Environments using Snapshot
Standbys
Convert Physical Standby to Snapshot Standby
and open for writes by the testing
applications
ALTER DATABASE CO!ERT TO
SAPS"OT STADB#$
Discard testing writes and catch%&p to pri'ary
by applying logs
ALTER DATABASE CO!ERT TO
P"#S(CAL STADB#$
Preserves )ero data loss
B&t no real ti'e *&ery or fast failover
Si'ilar to storage snapshots+ b&t,
Provides DR at the sa'e ti'e
Single copy of storage
Physical Standby
Apply Logs
Snapshot Standby
Perform Testing
Open
Database
Back out
Changes
Continuous Redo Shipping
O-8N+,O/8 /%%1%S8+*OL8 'L%S=1%#H+ON
(((((((((( (((((((((((((((( ((((((((((((((((((
*8%/ W*.8 SN%-S=O S%N/1" *8SO*8 -O.N ONL"
S;L< S8L8# N '*O, 7?*8SO*8+-O.N& ( one row 5one restore point
S;L< #*8%8 %1L8 S#O.SN%-S=O+2 (# 7%*#=%*(2BB))&
able created.
S;L< .NS8* .NO S#O.SN%-S=O+2 7%L>8S (M%1L8 #*8%8/ .N
SN%- ,O/8M)&
2 row created.
S;L< #O,,.&
#ommit complete.
On primary database
S;L< #*8%8 %1L8 S#O.-+N8W+%1L8 (# 7%*#=%*(2BB))&
able created.
S;L< .NS8* .NO S#O.-+N8W+%1L8 7%L>8S (MN8W %1L8 #*8%8/
.N -*.,%*" W=8N S1
" .N SN%-S=O ,O/8M)&
2 row created.
S;L< #O,,.&
#ommit complete.
S;L< %L8* S"S8, SW.#= LO0'.L8&
System altered.
S;L< A
System altered.
Converting back to physical standby on Standby /1
S;L< S8L8# N '*O, 7?LO0&
S;L< S8L8# N '*O, 7?S%N/1"+LO0&
S;L< S8L8# S8;>8N#8K, %--L.8/ '*O, 7?%*#=.78/+LO0&
S;L< S=>/OWN .,,8/.%8&
S;L<S%*>- ,O>N&
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 #ON78* O -="S.#%L S%N/1"&
S;L< S=>/OWN .,,8/.%8&
S;L<S%*>- ,O>N&
S;L< S8L8# O-8N+,O/8,/%%1%S8+*OL8, 'L%S=1%#H+ON '*O,
7?/%%1%S8&
S;L< S8L8# N '*O, 7?*8SO*8+-O.N& ( no rows
S;L< S8L8# O-8N+,O/8,/%%1%S8+*OL8, -*O8#.ON+,O/8,
LO0+,O/8,'O*#8+LO00.N0 '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8 >S.N0
#>**8N LO0'.L8 /.S#O
NN8#&
current log!ile 5 real time apply
disconnect 5 ,*- does the recovery in background
S;L< S8L8# ,8SS%08 '*O, 7?/%%0>%*/+S%>S&
S;L< S8L8# N '*O, 7?%*#=.78+0%-&
S;L< S8L8# -*O#8SS,#L.8N+-*O#8SS, S%>S, S8;>8N#8K, 0*O>-K
'*O, 7?,%N%08/+S%
N/1"&
S;L< S8L8# ,%Q(S8;>8N#8K) '*O, 7?LO0&
S;L< S8L8# S8;>8N#8K, %--L.8/ '*O, 7?%*#=.78/+LO0&
ACTIVE DATA GUAD
On standby db
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8
#%N#8L&
/atabase altered.
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 O-8N *8%/ ONL"&
/atabase altered.
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8 >S.N0
#>**8N LO0'.L8 /.S#ONN8#&
/atabase altered.
-er!orm log switches on -rimary and note down ma: se$uenceK.
Physical Standby with Real-Time Query
Physical Standby
Database
Primary
Database
Real-time
Queries
Contin#o#s Redo
Shi"ment and A""ly
Conc#rrent
Real$!ime
%#ery
Read%only *&eries on physical standby conc&rrent with redo apply
R-A BAC./P01ast incre'ental bac2&p on physical standby 3 only
with Active Data 4&ard option5
S;L< S8L8# ,%Q(S8;>8N#8K) '*O, 7?LO0&
,%Q(S8;>8N#8K)
((((((((((((((
2C4
S;L< S8L8# O-8N+,O/8,/%%1%S8+*OL8 '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
S;L< /8S# S#O.-+N8W+%1L8
Name NullW ype
((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( (((((((( ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
# 7%*#=%*3(2BB)
S;L< S8L8# N '*O, S#O.-+N8W+%1L8&
#
((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((
new table created in primary when sby in snapshot mode
S;L< /8S# S#O.SN%-S=O+2
8**O*@
O*%(BCBC4@ obOect S#O.SN%-S=O+2 does not e:ist
ON -*.,%*" /1 5 .NS8* % *OW .NO S#O./8- and commit
ON S%N/1" /1 5 ;>8*" S#O./8- O # =8 N8WL" %//8/ *OW
-rotection ,odes@
!a"i#u# Protection
Synchroni)ed *edo write. -rimary database shuts down i! a !ault occurs at write at the
standby.
!a"i#u# Availability
Synchroni)ed *edo write. -rotection mode temporarily switches over to ,a:imum
per!ormance i! write !ails at the standby.
!a"i#u# Per$or#ance
%synchroni)ed *edo write.
*un the !ollowing on the -rimary /1
%lter system set log+archive+dest+3 L sync a!!irm
Shutdown immediate&
Startup mount
%L8* /%%1%S8 S8 S%N/1" /%%1%S8 O ,%Q.,.J8 U-*O8#.ON X
%7%.L%1.L." X -8*'O*,%N#8V&
%lter database open&
Minimum Requirements for Data Protection Modes
a!imum
Protection
a!imum
A"ailability a!imum Performance
*edo archival
process
LGWR LGWR LGWR or ARCH
Network
transmission
mode
SYNC SYNC SYNC or ASYNC when using
LGWR process. SYNC i! using
ARCH process
/isk write option AFFIRM AFFIRM AFFIRM or NOAFFIRM
Standby redo log
re$uiredW
"es "es Optional, but recommended
The AFFIRM attribute is used to specify that redo received from a redo
source database is not acknowledged until it has been written to the
standby redo log. The NOAFFIRM attribute is used to specify that
received redo is acknowledged without waiting for received redo to be
written to the standby redo log.
%''.*,((ensures all disk .AO to the archived redo log !iles or standby redo log !iles at
the standby destination is per!ormed synchronously and completes success!ully be!ore
online redo log !iles on the primary database can be reused. he AFFIRM attribute is
re$uired to achieve no data loss.
NO%''.*,((indicates all disk .AO to archived redo log !iles and standby redo log !iles is
to be per!ormed asynchronously& online redo log !iles on the primary database can be
reused be!ore the disk .AO on the standby destination completes.
;uery the AFFIRM column o! the V$ARCHIVE_DES !i:ed view to see whether or not the
AFFIRM attribute is being used !or the associated destination.
S8L8#
/8S+./,S%>S,LO0+S8;>8N#8,%''.*,,-*O#8SS,*%NS,.+,O/8,
#O,-*8SS.ON
'*O, 7?%*#=.78+/8S
W=8*8 /8S+./L3&
Veri$y the use o$ $ollo%ing setting
S;L<%L8* S"S8, S8 S%N/1"+'.L8+,%N%08,8NLM%>OM
S#O-8L1O=&
#reate new tablespace in -rimary /1
S;L< #*8%8 %1L8S-%#8 N8W+S /%%'.L8
M8@F%--F7.G%"8HFO*%/%%FO*#LFN8W+S+B2./1'M S.J8 2,&
7eri!y that the new tablespace is automatically created in stand by running the !ollowing
two in standby db
S;L< S8L8# N%,8 '*O, 7?/%%'.L8&
S;L< S8L8# N%,8 '*O, 7?%1L8S-%#8&
/rop the newly created tablespace in -rimary /1
S;L< /*O- %1L8S-%#8 N8W+S /%%'.L8 .N#L>/.N0 #ON8NS %N/
/%%'.L8S&
7eri!y that the new tablespace and data!ile are automatically droped in stand by running
the !ollowing two in standby db
S;L< S8L8# N%,8 '*O, 7?/%%'.L8&
S;L< S8L8# N%,8 '*O, 7?%1L8S-%#8&
!anual &%itchover and 'ailover using &()*Plus
2. Log onto the current primary database as S"S/1% and per!orm the !ollowing
steps@ (in the case o! a !ailover, skip this step)
S8L8# SW.#=O78*+S%>S '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
.! switchover+status is 6Sessions %ctive9 then
%L8* /%%1%S8 #O,,. O SW.#=O78* O -="S.#%L
S%N/1" W.= S8SS.ON S=>/OWN&
else
%L8* /%%1%S8 #O,,. O SW.#=O78* O S%N/1"&
S=>/OWN .,,8/.%8&
S%*>- ,O>N&
%L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1"
/%%1%S8 >S.N0 #>**8N LO0'.L8 /.S#ONN8#&
S8L8# /%%1%S8+*OL8,O-8N+,O/8 '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
3. Log onto the standby database that is about to become primary as S"S/1% and
per!orm the !ollowing steps@
'or !ailover only, submit the !ollowing@
%L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8
'.N.S=&
'or switchover and !ailover proceed with these steps@
%L8* /%%1%S8 #O,,. O SW.#=O78* O -*.,%*"&
S=>/OWN .,,8/.%8&
S%*>-&
S8L8# /%%1%S8+*OL8,O-8N+,O/8 '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
Data Guard +roker Con$igurtion:
On primary db@
S;L< %L8* S"S8, S8 /0+1*OH8*+S%*L*>8 S#O-8L1O=&
S./+L.S+L.S8N8* L
(S./+L.S L
(S./+/8S# L
(0LO1%L+/1N%,8 L O*#L)
(O*%#L8+=O,8 L 8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2)
(S./+N%,8 L O*#L)
)
(S./+/8S# L
(0LO1%L+/1N%,8 L orcl+/0,0*L)
(O*%#L8+=O,8 L 8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2)
(S./+N%,8 L orcl)
)

)
L.S8N8* L
(/8S#*.-.ON+L.S L
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L .-#)(H8" L 8Q-*O#2D32))
)
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L #-)(=OS L L(CBB4CBP)(-O* L 2D32))
)
)
LSN*#L
LSN*#L<reload
On standby db@
S;L< %L8* S"S8, S8 /0+1*OH8*+S%*L*>8 S#O-8L1O=&
S./+L.S+L.S8N8* L
(S./+L.S L
(S./+/8S# L
(0LO1%L+/1N%,8 L orclsby)
(O*%#L8+=O,8 L 8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2)
(S./+N%,8 L orclsby)
)
(S./+/8S# L
(0LO1%L+/1N%,8 L orclsby+/0,0*L)
(O*%#L8+=O,8 L 8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2)
(S./+N%,8 L orclsby)
)
)
L.S8N8* L
(/8S#*.-.ON+L.S L
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L .-#)(H8" L 8Q-*O#2D32))
)
(/8S#*.-.ON L
(%//*8SS L (-*OO#OL L #-)(=OS L L(CBB4CBP)(-O* L 2D32))
)
)
LSN*#L
LSN*#L<reload
On -rimary db
S8 O*%#L8+S./LO*#L
/0,0*L
/0,0*L< #ONN8# S"SAW.-*O
/0,0*L< #*8%8 #ON'.0>*%.ON E/0#ON'.02I %S -*.,%*"
/%%1%S8 .S EO*#LI #ONN8# ./8N.'.8* .S O*#L&
/0,0*L< S=OW #ON'.0>*%.ON
/0,0*L< %// /%%1%S8 EO*#LS1"I %S #ONN8# ./8N.'.8* .S
O*#LS1"&
/0,0*L< S=OW #ON'.0>*%.ON
/0,0*H< 8N%1L8 #ON'.0>*%.ON
/0,0*L< S=OW #ON'.0>*%.ON
/0,0*L< S=OW /%%1%S8 EO*#LI
/0,0*L< S=OW /%%1%S8 EO*#LS1"I
=ere O*#L and O*#LS1" are /1+>N.;>8+N%,8Is
#on!iguration !ile is created in 8@FappFviOayekFproductF22.2.BFdb+2Fdatabase !older
s!o" #$r$%&'&rs ()_bro*&r
Converting to &napshot standby using DG +roker :
On standby db&
S;L< S8L8# 'L%S=1%#H+ON '*O, 7?/%%1%S8& ((( no
S8 O*%#L8+S./LO*#LS1"
/0,0*L
/0,0*L< #ONN8# S"SAS"S
/0,0*L<8/. /%%1%S8 EO*#LS1"I S8 S%8LI%--L"(O''I&
S;L< S=>/OW, .,,8/.%8&
S;L< S%*>- ,O>N&
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 'L%S=1%#H ON&
/0,0*L
/0,*0L< #ONN8# S"SAS"S
/0,0*L< 8/. /%%1%S8 EO*#LS1"I S8 S%8LI%--L"(ONI&
On -rimary db
S8 O*%#L8+S./LO*#L
/0,0*L
/0,0*L< #ONN8# S"SAS"S
/0,0*L< #ON78* /%%1%S8 EO*#LS1"I O SN%-S=O S%N/1"&
/0,0*L< S=OW #ON'.0>*%.ON
#reate new table on both primary and snapshot standby. %!ter snapshot is converted back
to physical standby 5 the newly create table in primary gets applied to physical standby
and the newly created table snapshot is removed.
Converting back to physical standby using DG +roker
On primary db
S8 O*%#L8+S./LO*#L
/0,0*L
/0,0*L< #ONN8# S"SAS"S
/0,0*L< #ON78* /%%1%S8 EO*#LS1"I O -="S.#%L S%N/1"&
/0,0*L< S=OW #ON'.0>*%.ON
Active Data Guard using DG +roker :
On standby db@
S8 O*%#L8+S./LO*#LS1"
/0,0*L
/0,0*L<#ONN8# S"SAS"S
/0,0*L< 8/. /%%1%S8 EO*#LS1"I S8 S%8LI%--L"(O''I&
S;L< %L8* /%%1%S8 O-8N *8%/ ONL"&
S8 O*%#L8+S./LO*#LS1"
/0,0*L
/0,0*L<#ONN8# S"SAS"S
/0,0*L< 8/. /%%1%S8 EO*#LS1"I S8 S%8LI%--L"(ONI&
>pdate the primary db and $uery the standby to view the changes.
Con$igure 'ast &tart 'ailover :
-ut both the databaseIs in !lashback mode, this helps to rewind the database to a state
prior to its failure.
On standby database O*#LS1"@
S=>/OWN .,,8/>%8&
On primary database O*#L@
S=>/OWN .,,8/.%8&
S%*>- ,O>N&
%L8* /%%1%S8 'L%S=1%#H ON&
S8L8# 'L%S=1%#H+ON '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
On standby database O*#LS1"@
S%*>- ,O>N&
%L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8 #%N#8L&
%L8* /%%1S8 'L%S=1%#H ON&
S8L8# 'L%S=1%#H+ON '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
%L8* /%%1%S8 O-8N *8%/ ONL"&
%L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8
>S.N0 #>**8N LO0'.L8 /.S#ONN8#&
!"!R#
/0,0*L< connect sysAWiproTorcl
DGMGRL+ EDI DAABASE ,orcl- SE PROPERY F$s'S'$r'F$.lo/&r$r)&' 0
1orclsby12
DGMGRL+ SHOW DAABASE VERBOSE ,orcl-2
DGMGRL+ EDI DAABASE ,orclsby- SE PROPERY F$s'S'$r'F$.lo/&r$r)&' 0
1orcl12
DGMGRL+ SHOW DAABASE VERBOSE ,orclsby-2
/0,0*L< show !ast+start !ailover&
/0,0*L< enable !ast+start !ailover&
/0,0*L< show !ast+start !ailover&
/0,0*L< start observer&
he Observer has started its working. he current session o! EcmdI will not be returned to
you because it is a !oreground process. .t will continuously observe -*.,%*" site. o
check the con!iguration, open another EcmdI window and check the con!iguration.
!"!R#
/0,0*L< connect sysAWiproTorcl
/0,0*L< S=OW #ON'.0>*%.ON verbose&
Open a new cmd window connect to primary db and Shutdown abort 5 the primary
database orcl.
S$lplus ATorcl as sysdba
&()P)U&,&-UTD./0 A+.T1
0o back to the observer window and observer the messages
S8 O*%#L8+S./LO*#LS1"
S8L8# /%%1%S8+*OL8, O-8N+,O/8 '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
!"!R#
/0,0*L< #ONN8# S"SAW.-*OTO*#LS1"
/0,0*L< S=OW #ON'.0>*%.ON 78*1OS8&
Open new window @
S$lplus ATorcl as sysdba
S;L-L>S<S%*>- ,O>N& ( goto observer window and observe
S8L8# S%>S '*O, 7?.NS%N#8&
S8L8# /%%1%S8+*OL8, O-8N+,O/8 '*O, 7?/%%1%S8&
he new standby database 5 orcl 5 would be in mount stage. -er!orm the !ollowing to
put in back in active data guard mode.
%L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8 #%N#8L&
%L8* /%%1%S8 O-8N *8%/ ONL"&
%L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8
>S.N0 #>**8N LO0'.L8 /.S#ONN8#&
Again revert back orcl as pri#ary and orclsby as standby database:
/gmgrl< SW.#=O78* O EO*#LI&
%!ter switchover, the new standby database 5 orclsby 5 would be in mount stage.
-er!orm the !ollowing to put in back in active data guard mode.
%L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8 #%N#8L&
%L8* /%%1%S8 O-8N *8%/ ONL"&
%L8* /%%1%S8 *8#O78* ,%N%08/ S%N/1" /%%1%S8
>S.N0 #>**8N LO0'.L8 /.S#ONN8#&
Sh#tting Do&n Databases 'n a Fast$Start Failover (nvironment
Sto" the observer and &ait )or the FS*FA'LO+(R*O,S(R+(R*PR(S(!
col#mn in the +-DA!A,AS( )i.ed vie& to contain the val#e /O/ )or both the "rimary
and target standby databases0 !his ens#res that a )ast$start )ailover &ill not occ#r
&hile yo# are sh#tting do&n the "rimary database0Sh#t do&n the "rimary database
and the target standby database #sing either DGMGRL SH1!DOW command
or the S%L2Pl#s SH1!DOW statement0
Conversion )rom Physical to Logical Standby
"ou can now easily convert a physical standby database to a logical one. =ere are the
steps@
>nsupported /atatypes @
BFILE
$ollections %including VARRAYS and nested tables&
"ultimedia data types %including Spatial' (mage' and )racle Te*t&
ROWID' UROWID
+ser-defined types
#),s stored as Secure-iles
."#Type stored as )b/ect Relational
,inary ."#
.denti!y unsupported obOects @
SELEC DISINC OWNER3ABLE_NAME FROM
DBA_LOGSDBY_UNSUPPORED
ORDER BY OWNER3ABLE_NAME2
2. he standby database will need to get the data dictionary in!ormation !rom
somewhere. he dictionary in!ormation should be put in the redo stream that
comes !rom the primary. So, on the primary database, issue the !ollowing to build
the Log,iner tables !or dictionary@
SQL+ b&).4
5 (b%s_lo)s'(by6b7.l(2
8 &4(2
9 :

PL:SQL #roc&(7r& s7cc&ss;7lly co%#l&'&(6
3. On the standby database, stop the managed recovery process@
SQL+ $l'&r ($'$b$s& r&co/&r %$4$)&( s'$4(by ($'$b$s& c$4c&l2
D$'$b$s& $l'&r&(6
4. Now, issue the command in standby side to convert it to logical@
SQL+ $l'&r ($'$b$s& r&co/&r 'o lo).c$l s'$4(by ORCLSBY2

D$'$b$s& $l'&r&(6
.! you didnMt e:ecute Step 2, the above command will wait since the dictionary
in!ormation is not !ound. /onMt worry& Oust e:ecute the Step 2 at this point. .! you have
enabled *%, the in!ormation will immediately appear on the standby database.
C. .ssue a !ew log switches on primary to make sure the archived logs are created
and sent over to the standby@
SQL+ $l'&r sys'&% s".'c! lo);.l&2

Sys'&% $l'&r&(6
D. On the standby side, you can see that the alter database command has completed,
a!ter some time. Now the standby is a logical one. "ou will see the !ollowing line
in alert log@
RFS<=5>? I(&4'.;.&( ($'$b$s& 'y#& $s 1lo).c$l s'$4(by1
R. *ecycle the database@
SQL+ s!7'(o"4
ORA@A=BAC? ($'$b$s& 4o' %o74'&(
ORACLE .4s'$4c& s!7' (o"46
SQL+ s'$r'7# %o74'
ORACLE .4s'$4c& s'$r'&(6

o'$l Sys'&% Glob$l Ar&$ =AC=8888CD by'&s
666
D$'$b$s& %o74'&(6
SQL+ $l'&r ($'$b$s& o#&4 r&s&'lo)s2

D$'$b$s& $l'&r&(6
P. Now that this is a logical standby database, you should start the S;L %pply
process.
SQL+ $l'&r ($'$b$s& s'$r' lo).c$l s'$4(by $##ly .%%&(.$'&2
he logical standby database is now !ully operationalY Once you convert the physical
standby to a logical one, you canMt convert it back to a physical one unless you use the
special clause (Zkeep identityZ), described in the section below.
he !ollowing e:ample allows log transport services up to three consecutive archival
attempts, tried every D seconds, to the $rc_(&s' destination. .! the archival operation
!ails a!ter the third attempt, the destination is treated as i! the NOREOPEN attribute was
speci!ied.
LOG_ARCHIVE_DES_=01LOCAION0:$rc_(&s' REOPEN0B MAE_FAILURE081
LOG_ARCHIVE_DES_SAE_=0ENABLE
he N8+.,8O> and NON8+.,8O> attributes determine how long the log
writer process waits be!ore terminating the network connection@
NE_IMEOU((speci!ies the number o! seconds the log writer process on the
primary system waits !or status !rom the network server (LNSn) process be!ore
terminating the network connection.
NONE_IMEOU (( reverses or undoes the timeout value that was previously
speci!ied with the NE_IMEOU attribute.
.! you do not speci!y the NE_IMEOU attribute (or i! you speci!y the NONE_IMEOU
attribute), the primary database can potentially stall. o avoid this situation, speci!y a
small, non)ero value !or the NE_IMEOU attribute so the primary database can continue
operation a!ter the user(speci!ied timeout interval e:pires when waiting !or status !rom
the network server.
select reopen+secs,ma:+!ailure,delay+mins, net+timeout, archiver
!rom v?archive+dest
where dest+idL3
A
v2$s3$ailover3stats 4vie% to see %hen and reason $or the last $ailover occured
e$erences :
http@AAwww.oracle.comAtechnologyApubAarticlesAoracle(database(22g(top(
!eaturesAinde:.htmlWmsgidLDSP[2P2
Oracle /ata 0uard 22g he Ne:t 8ra in /ata -rotection and %vailability
%n Oracle echnical White -aper
2Bg *3 @
http@AAwww.ora!a$.comAwikiA/ata+0uard+implementation+!or+Oracle+2Bg*3K-*.,%*
"+S.8@+.3S.n!ormation.3[