CAD Basic Lesson

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
AND
PROGRAMMING
UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
ASSESSMENT (100%COURSEWORK)
1ST PART - COMPUTER AIDED
DESIGN
(HALF SEMESTER – 7 WEEKS) 50%
TEST 1 10% (WEEK 4)
TEST 2 20% (WEEK 7)
ASSIGNMENT 20% (EVERYWEEK)
2ND PART – PROGRAMMING 50%

REFERENCE BOOK
Dieter. (1991). Engineering Design, McGraw Hill.
F.E. Giesecke, A. Mitchell, H.C. Spencer, I.L. Hill
& J.T. Dygdon, J.E. Novak, Technical Drawing
2003, 12th Edition, Prentice Hall.
James A. Leach, AutoCAD 2004 Instructor 2004,
1st Ed, McGraw Hill.

TODAY’S LECTURE CONTENT
1. Design Philosophy
2. Role of Research
3. Introduction to CAD

REALIZATION OF ENGINEERING
PROJECTS AND SYSTEMS
Design Philosophy

PROJECTS AND SYSTEMS DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
What is Design?
“Design establishes and defines solutions to and
pertinent structures for problems not solved
before, or new solutions to problems which have
previously been solved in a different way.” (J. F.
Blumrich, 1970)

Design comprise of analysis and synthesis
Analysis
Investigate and understand the function and behavior
of the individual parts that form up the system of a
product by using appropriate disciplines of science
and engineering science and necessary computational
tools.
Synthesis
Identification of the design elements that will
comprise the product, its decomposition into parts,
and the combination of the part solutions into a total
workable system.

Challenges faced in design(4 C’s of Design)*
Creativity
Requires creation of something that has not existed before
or not existed in the designer’s mind before
Complexity
Requires decisions on many variables and parameters
Choice
Requires making choices between many possible solutions
at all levels, from basic concepts to smallest detail of shape.
Compromise
Requires balancing multiple and sometimes conflicting
requirements.
*Dieter (1991) Engineering Design,McGraw Hill, p3

What makes a good design?
• Satisfied/ full-filled required performance
• all preliminary issues – solved
• eg. function-abilities, material selection, shelf life etc.
• Happy to the aesthetic/ ergonomic
• Adequate of manufacturing/ production
processes
• Cost effectives
• Environmental sustainable
• no (minimum) impacts to environmental
• Regulations & Standards
• EMAS - the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme
• OSHA - Occupational Safety and Health Administration
• BS, ASTM, DIN, MS etc

Design process
There is no single universal approach of design
process. It can vary from 5 steps to 25 steps.
A Simplified Approach of Design Process
Source: Basic Module in the design process. (Asimow, 1962)

Detailed description of Design Process*
Phase I: Conceptual Design
Phase II: Embodiment Design
Phase III: Detail Design
Phase IV: Planning for Manufacture
Phase V: Planning for Distribution
Phase VI: Planning for Use
Phase VII: Planning for Retirement of the Product
*Asimow, “Introduction to Design,” Prentice-hall, Englewood cliffs, NJ. 1962

Design Process
Conceptual Design
Process by which the design is initiated, collection of
brainstormed concepts, and narrowed down to a
single best concept.
Embodiment Design
Strength, size, shape, material selection and spatial
compatibility are decided on this design phase.
Detail Design
A stage of complete engineering description of a
tested and producible product.

Design Process

Example of Conceptual Design

Prepared by CT Loh
PROJECTS AND SYSTEMS
Role of Research

PROJECTS AND SYSTEMS ROLE OF RESEARCH
• Definition of Research
• Research is defined as human activity based on
intellectual application in the investigation of
matter*
• Standard Steps & Sequences
• Identify and articulate research problems
• Devise hypotheses to be proven or disproved
• Collects, analyses & interpret relevant data
• Integrate, compile & report conclusions
• curiosities
• research can use the scientific method, but not
necessary
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• Reason for research
• Objectives/purposes:
• to describe a situation, phenomenon, problem or
issue
• to establish or explore a relationship between two or
more variables
• to explain why certain things happen the way they
do
• to examine the feasibility of the conducted study
• to integrate, compile and publicize to living world
• to make contribution (positively) to our lovely
planet

• in short
• Knowledge advancement
• Increase knowledge of mankind, culture & society
• Discovery of new knowledge
• Producer of Technology
• Enhancing socio-economic position
• New applications to improve life quality
• Increase of standard living of society
• Kyoto Protocol
• Global warming
• Environmental sustainable

• Types of research
• Non-experimental research
• to describe the variation in a phenomenon, situation
or attitude
• Descriptive, eg. surveys, case studies
• Historical, eg. researching someone’s family tree
• Co-relational, eg. Investigating the relationship between
parents and children
• Qualitative (non-numerical) research, eg. Interviewing Mall’s
customers on services provided
• Experimental research
• helps you to quantify the variation
• True experimental, base on existing or foresee problems,
produces solutions
• Quasi (means as if or almost) experimental, eg. Weather
forecast (matching, time scale)

Development phases
Design
Research

Simple relationships of research &
design

PROJECTS AND SYSTEMS CAE
• Computer Aided Engineering (CAE)
•
• Computer Aided Design (CAD)

• Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM)
• CAD/CAM
• Finite Element Analysis (FEA)
• Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

• CAD/CAM

Correlation Research/Design & CAE
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COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

2ND PART – PROGRAMMING 50%

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

TODAY’S LECTURE CONTENT

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

A Simplified Approach of Design Process

Source: Basic Module in the design process. (Asimow, 1962)

*Asimow, “Introduction to Design,” Prentice-hall, Englewood cliffs, NJ. 1962

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

Example of Conceptual Design

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

• Computer Aided Design (CAD)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR) !" # ! "# ) * +, !

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN(UTAR)

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