ABAP / 4 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS

1) What is SAP R/3?

Ans SAP R/3 refers to Systems Application and Product for data
processing Real-time having a 3 tier architecture i.e. Presentation layer,
Application layer and Database layer.
2) What are the pr!ra""i#! sta#$ar$s %&&'e$?
3)
The Pi(t)res are % a(t)a&&* ta+e# at the St)$i % ,)((i Ha#$-a!s O)t&et
What are the (#te#ts i# te(h#i(a& spe(i%i(ati#s?
Ans here are five contents in echnical Settings! Data "lass, Si#e "ategory,
$uffering Permission, $uffering ype and %ogging.
4) What is a# i#sta#(e?
Ans &hen you call a function module, an instance of its function group plus its
data, is loaded into the memory area of the internal session. An A$AP program
can load several instances by calling function modules from different function
groups.
.) H' t ta+e (are % per%r"a#(e i# ABAP /e0e&p"e#t?
1) What is 2)#(ti# !r)p? /i%%ere#(e -et'ee# %)#(ti# !r)p a#$
%)#(ti# "$)&e?
Ans 'unction (roups act as containers for 'unction )odules that logically
belong together.
'unction (roups
*+ hese cannot be defined in a 'unction )odule.
,+ -t cannot be called.
3+ hey are containers for 'unction )odule.
'unction )odules
*+ hese must be defined in a 'unction (roup.
,+ -t can be called from any program.
3+ hey are not containers for 'unction (roup.
3) What is the $i%%ere#(e -et'ee# 4Se&e(t si#!&e 5 4 a#$ 4Se&e(t )pt 1
r's6?
Ans .Select single /0 1 he result of the selection should be a single entry. -f it is
not possible to identify a uni2ue entry, the system uses the first line of the
selection. 'or e.g.
DAA ! -A$ 3P4 5R467A84)P.
S4%4" S-9(%4 / 'R:) 5R467A84)P -9: -A$
&74R4 4)P9: ; .<<*<*0 A9D D4P9: ; .<<*<0.
&R-4 ! / -A$-4)P9:, -A$-4)P9A)4,-A$-D4P9:.
Select upto * ro=s -
7) What 2)#(ti# $es $ata $i(ti#ar* per%r"?
Ans "entral information repository for application and system data. he A$AP
Dictionary contains data definitions >metadata+ that allo= you to describe all of the
data structures in the system >li?e tables, vie=s, and data types+ in one place.
his eliminates redundancy.
8) /i%%ere#(e -et'ee# $"ai# a#$ $ata e&e"e#t? What are a!!re!ate
-9e(t?
Ans Domain - Specifies the technical attributes of a data element - its data
type, length, possible values, and appearance on the screen. 4ach data element
has an underlying domain. A single domain can be the basis for several data
elements. Domains are ob@ects in the A$AP Dictionary.
Data 4lement - Describes the business function of a table field. -ts technical
attributes are based on a domain, and its business function is described by its
field labels and documentation.
Aggregate :b@ect 1 Aie=s, )atch "ode and %oc? ob@ects are called aggregate
ob@ects because they are formed from several related table.
1:) What is 0ie'? /i%%ere#t t*pes % 0ie'; E<p&ai#?
Ans Aie= - A vie= is a virtual table containing fields from one or more tables. A
virtual table that does not contain any data, but instead provides an application-
oriented vie= of one or more A$AP Dictionary tables.
Different ypes of Aie=!
*+ )aintenance
,+ Database 1 -t is on more than t=o tables.
3+ Pro@ection 1 -t is only on one table.
B+ 7elp
11) =a# ) pri#t $e(i"a&s i# t*pe N? What is $i%%ere#(e -et'ee# %&at a#$
pa(+e$ $ata t*pe?
Ans 9o, =e cannot print decimals in type 9 because decimal places are not
permitted =ith 9
data type.
'loat Data ype! -t cannot be declared in Parameters.
Pac?ed 9umber! -t can be declared in Parameters. 'or e.g.
PARA)44RS ! A>B+ 3P4 P D4"-)A%S ,,
$>B+ 3P4 P D4"-)A%S ,.
DAA ! ">B+ 3P4 P D4"-)A%S ,.
" ; A C $.
&R-4 ! / .74 SD) -S0 , ".
12) What is step>&p? E<p&ai# a&& the steps?
Ans A step loop is a repeated series of field-bloc?s in a screen. 4ach bloc? can
contain one or more fields, and can eEtend over more than one line on the screen.
Step loops as structures in a screen do not have individual names. he screen
can contain more than one step-loop, but if so, you must program the %::PF
49D%::Ps in the flo= logic accordingly. he ordering of the %::PF49D%::Ps
must eEactly parallel the order of the step loops in the screen. he ordering tells
the system =hich loop processing to apply to =hich loop. Step loops in a screen
are ordered primarily by screen ro=, and secondarily by screen column.
ransaction 5G* >development class SD&A+ implements a step loop version of
the table you sa= in transaction 5G<.
Static and Dynamic Step %oops
Step loops fall into t=o classes! static and dynamic. Static step loops have a fiEed
si#e that cannot be changed at runtime. Dynamic step loops are variable in si#e. -f
the user re-si#es the =indo=, the system automatically increases or decreases
the number of step loop bloc?s displayed. -n any given screen, you can define any
number of static step loops, but only a single dynamic one.
3ou specify the class for a step loop in the Screen Painter. 4ach loop in a screen
has the attributes %ooptype >fiEed;static, variable;dynamic+ and %oopcount. -f a
loop is fiEed, the %oopcount tells the number of loop-bloc?s displayed for the loop.
his number can never change.
Programming =ith static and dynamic step loops is essentially the same. 3ou can
use both the %::P and %::P A statements for both types.
%ooping in a Step %oop
&hen you use %::P A =ith a step loop, the system automatically displays the
step loop =ith vertical scroll bars. he scroll bars, and the updated >scrolled+ table
display, are managed by the system.
Dse the follo=ing additional parameters if desired!
'R:) and :
"DRS:R
13) What is the i#itia& 0a&)e a#$ "a<i")" &e#!th % a&& $ata t*pe?
Ans
Data
ype
-nitial field
length
Aalid field
length
-nitial value)eaning

9umeric types

- B B < -nteger >=hole number+

' H H < 'loating point number

P H * 1 *G < Pac?ed number

"haracter types

" * * 1 GII3I . F . eEt field >alphanumeric
characters+

D H H .<<<<<<<<J Date field >'ormat!
3333))DD+


9 * * 1 GII3I .< F <J 9umeric teEt field >numeric
characters+

G G .<<<<<<J ime field >format!
77))SS+
7eEadecimal type

K * * 1 GII3I K0< F <J 7eEadecimal field


14) What are the 'a*s t %i#$ )t the ta-&es )se$ i# the pr!ra"?
Ans
1.) =a# *) ha0e t' $etai& &ists %r" the -asi( &ist at the sa"e ti"e?
-f yes ho= and if no =hyL
Ans
11) What are the $i%%ere#t %)#(ti#s )se$ i# sap s(ript? What are the
para"eters )se$ i# ea(h 2)#(ti#?
Ans here are three different functions used in SAP Script!
*+ :P498':R)
,+ &R-48':R)
3+ "%:S48':R)
Parameters in 4ach 'unction!
*+ :P498':R)1
4Eporting
'orm
%anguage
,+ &R-48':R)1
4Eporting
4lement
&indo=
3+ "%:S48':R)
*M+ &hat is se2uence of event triggered in reportL
Ans here are G events in report!
*+ -nitiali#ation
,+ At Selection-Screen
3+ Start-of-Selection
B+ (et
I+ (et %ate
G+ 4nd-of-Selection
M+ op-of-Page
H+ 4nd-of-Page
N+ At %ine Selection
*<+ At Dser "ommand
**+ At P' >nn+
*H+ &hat are standard layouts sets in the SAP ScriptL
Ans here are four standard layouts in the SAP Script!
*+ 7eader
,+ %ogo
3+ )ain &indo=
B+ 'ooter
18) What %)#(ti# "$)&e )p&a$ $ata %r" app&i(ati# ser0er?
Ans
2:) What are the 0ari)s t*pes % se&e(ti# s(ree# e0e#t?
Ans S4%4"-:9-S"R449 $4(-9 :' $%:"6 A$" &-7 'RA)4 -%4
<*.
S4%4"-:9-S"R449 $4(-9 :' S"R449 I<< AS &-9D:&.
"A%% S4%4"-:9-S"R449 I<< SAR-9( A *< *<.
21) What $ *) +#' a-)t a (&ie#t?
Ans
22) What are the s*ste" %ie&$s? E<p&ai#?
Ans he A$AP system fields are active in all A$AP programs. hey are filled
by the runtime environment, and you can 2uery their values in a program to find
out particular states of the system. Although they are variables, you should not
assign your o=n values to them, since this may over=rite information that is
important for the normal running of the program. 7o=ever, there are some
isolated cases in =hich you may need to over=rite a system variable. 'or
eEample, by assigning a ne= value to the field S3-%S-9D, you can control
navigation =ithin details lists.
23) What is SAP S(ript? What is the p)rpse % SAP S(ript? /i%%ere#(e
-et'ee#
SAP S(ript a#$ Reprt?
Ans SAP Script 1 -t is the integrated teEt )anagement system of the SAP R/3
System. =o types 1 P" 4ditor O %ine 4ditor.
Reports - -t is the =ay to display data fetched from database table onto screen or
directly output it to a printer. =o types 1 "lassical and -nteractive.
24) What is the )se % (()rs i# i#ter#a& ta-&e? =a# ) (ha#!e (()rs
0a&)e i# pr!ra"?
Ans Dse of :ccurs - -f you use the :""DRS parameter, the value of the
-9--A% S-54 of the table is returned to the variable
Data ! $egin of -A$ occurs <,
4nd of -A$.
:ccurs or -nitial Si#e 1 to specify the initial amount of memory that should be
assigned to the table.
3es, =e can change the occurs value in program but output remains the same.
2.) /i%%ere#(e -et'ee# S?>TABI@ a#$ S?>IN/E@? Where it is )se$?
"an u chec? S3-SD$R" after performL
Ans S3-A$-K - "urrent line of an internal table. S3-A$-K is set by the
statements belo=, but only for indeE tables. he field is either not set or is set to <
for hashed tables.
/ APP49D sets S3-A$-K to the indeE of the last line of the table, that is, it
contains the overall number of entries in the table.
/ ":%%4" sets S3-A$-K to the indeE of the eEisting or inserted line in the table.
-f the table has the type 7AS74D A$%4, S3-A$-K is set to <.
/ %::P A sets S3-A$-K to the indeE of the current line at the beginning of each
loop lass. At the end of the loop, S3-A$-K is reset to the value that it had before
entering the loop. -t is set to < if the table has the type 7AS74D A$%4.
/ R4AD A$%4 sets S3-A$-K to the indeE of the table line read. -f you use a
binary search, and the system does not find a line, S3-A$-K contains the total
number of lines, or one more than the total number of lines. S3--9D4K is
undefined if a linear search fails to return an entry.
/ S4AR"7 ':R sets S3-A$-K to the indeE of the table line in =hich the search
string is found.
S38-9D4K - -n a D: or &7-%4 loop, S3--9D4K contains the number of loop
passes including the current pass.

21) /i%%ere#(e -et'ee# UPAOA/ a#$ WSBUPAOA/?
Ans DP%:AD - 'ile transfer =ith dialog from presentation server file to internal
table. Data =hich is available in a file on the presentation server is transferred in
an internal table. AS"-- O $inary files can be transferred.
&S8DP%:AD - o read data from the presentation server into an internal table
=ithout a user dialog, use the function module &S8DP%:AD. he most important
parameters are listed belo=.
Parameters 'unction


":D4PA(4 :nly for upload under D:S!
Aalue -$)

'-%49A)4 'ilename

'-%43P4 'ile type

23) Wh* $i$ ) s'it(h t SAP?
Ans
27) What is a A!i(a& /ata-ase?
Ans %ogical Databases are special A$AP programs that retrieve data and ma?e it
available to application programs.
Dse of %D$ 1 is used to read data from database tables by lin?ing them to
eEecutable A$AP programs.
28) What are the e0e#ts )se$ %r A!i(a& /ata-ase?
Ans =o 4vents 1
*+ (4 - his is the most important event for eEecutable programs that use a
logical database. -t occurs =hen the logical database has read a line from the
node
and made it available to the program in the =or? area declared using the
statement 9:D4S
. he depth to =hich the logical database is read is determined by the (4
statements,+ PD - he PD statement directs the program flo= according to the
structure of
the logical database.
3:) What is the $i%%ere#(e -et'ee# ,et a#$ ,et Aate?
Ans (4 - After the logical database has read an entry from the node
.(4 %A4 - After all of the nodes of the logical database have been processed
that are belo=
in the database hierarchy.
31) What are the $ata t*pes % I#ter#a& Ta-&es?
Ans here are three types!
*+ %ine
,+ 6ey
3+ able
32) What are the e0e#ts )se$ i# ABAP i# the r$er % e<e()ti#?
Ans 4vents are!
*. -9--A%-5A-:9
,. A S4%4"-:9-S"R449
3. A S4%4"-:9-S"R449 :9
B. SAR-:'-S4%4"-:9
I. :P-:'-PA(4
G. :P-:'-PA(4 DDR-9( %-94 S4%4"-:9
M. 49D-:'-PA(4
H. 49D-:'-S4%4"-:9
N. A DS4R-":))A9D
*<. A %-94-S4%4"-:9
**. A P'
*,. (4
*3. (4 %A4.
*B. A Dser "ommand
33) What are I#tera(ti0e Reprts?
Ans An output list =hich displays @ust the basic details O allo= user to interact, so
that a ne= list is populated based on user-selection. &ith interactive list, the user
can actively control data retrieval and display during the session.
34) What are the (""a#$s )se$ %r i#tera(ti0e reprts?
Ans op-of-Page during line-selection
3.) What are the s*ste" %ie&$s ) ha0e 'r+e$ 'ith? E<p&ai#?
Ans - had =or?ed =ith the follo=ing >3<+ system fields!
*+ S3-D$S3S - "entral Database
,+ S3-7:S - Server
3+ S3-:PS3S - :perating System
B+ S3-SAPR% - SAP Release
I+ S3-S3S-D - System 9ame
G+ S3-%A9(D - Dser %ogon %anguage
M+ S3-)A9D - "lient
H+ S3-D9A)4 - %ogon Dser 9ame
N+ S3-DA%: - %ocal Date
*<+ S3-DAD) - Server Date
**+ S3--)%: - %ocal ime
*,+ S3-D54- - Server ime
*3+ S3-D399R - Screen 9umber
*B+ S3-R4P-D - "urrent A$AP program
*I+ S3-":D4 - ransaction "ode
*G+ S3-D%-94 - 7ori#ontal %ine
*M+ S3-A%-94 - Aertical %ine
*H+ S3--9D4K - 9umber of current loop Pass
*N+ S3-A$-K - "urrent line of internal table
,<+ S3-D$"9 - 9umber of table entries processed
,*+ S3-SD$R" - Return "ode
,,+ S3-D":)) - 'unction "ode
,3+ S3-%-9" - Page %ength of list
,B+ S3-%-99: - "urrent %ine
,I+ S3-PA(9: - "urrent Page 9umber
,G+ S3-%S-9D - -ndeE of %ist
,M+ S3-)S(-D - )essage "lass
,H+ S3-)S(9: - )essage 9umber
,N+ S3-)S(3 - )essage ype
3<+ S3-SP:9: - Spool number during printing
31) What is the $i%%ere#(e -et'ee# Pri"ar* +e* a#$ U#iC)e De*?
Ans Primary 6ey 1 -t can accepts < value and cannot be 9D%%.
Dni2ue 6ey 1 -t can be 9D%%.
33) What is the tra#sa(ti# ($e %r Ta-&e "ai#te#a#(e?
Ans S)3<
37) I% ) are )si#! A!i(a& /ata-ases h' 'i&& ) "$i%* the se&e(ti#>s(ree#
e&e"e#ts?
Ans Select-options ! dname for deptt-dname.
38) What is a# R2=?
Ans Remote 'unction "all
4:) I% ) are )si#! R2= a#$ passi#! 0a&)es t a re"te s*ste" h' $es it
'r+?
Ans
41) What are the e0e#ts i# S(ree# Pr!ra""i#!?
Ans here are t=o events in Screen Programming!
*. P$: >Process $efore :utput+ 1 $efore the screen is displayed, the P$: event
is processed.
,. PA- >Process After -nput+ 1 &hen the user interacts =ith the screen, the PA-
event is processed.
3. P:7 >Process :n 7elp+ - are triggered =hen the user re2uests field help >'*+.
3ou can program the appropriate coding in the corresponding event bloc?s. At the
end of processing, the system carries on processing the current screen.
B. P:A >Process :n Aalue+ - are triggered =hen the user re2uests possible
values help >'B+. 3ou can program the appropriate coding in the corresponding
event bloc?s. At the end of processing, the system carries on processing the
current screen.
42) What is the si!#i%i(a#(e % HI/E?
Ans -ts stores the clic? value and display the related record in the secondary list.
43) Where $ ) ($e the HI/E state"e#t?
Ans -n a %::P statement
44) T*pes % B/=6s?
Ans here are t=o types of $D"0s!
*+ ransaction )ethod
,+ Session )ethod
4.) A$0a#ta!es E /isa$0a#ta!es % $i%%ere#t t*pes % B/=6s?
Ans ransaction )ethod!
*+ -t is faster than session method.
,+ &hile eEecuting, it starts from starting.
Session )ethod!
*+ -t is slo=er than transaction method.
,+ &hile eEecuting, it does not start from starting.
41) What are the e0e#ts )se$ i# I#tera(ti0e Reprts;
Ans here are three events of -nteractive Reports!
-. At P'>nn+
--. At line-selection
---. At user-command
43) What is a# R/BFS?
Ans RD$)S 1 Relational Database )anagement System. -t helps to create
relationship bet=een t=o or more table.
47) What sta#$ar$s ) )se t %&&' 'hi&e ($i#! ABAP pr!ra"s?
Ans
48) What 'i&& *) ($e i# START>O2>SEAE=TION E EN/>O2>SEAE=TON E
'h*?
Ans SAR-:'-S4%4"-:9
S4%4" / 'R:) D4P -9: ":RR4SP:9D-9( '-4%DS :' -A$
&74R4 D4P9: -9 D4P9:.
APP49D -A$.
49DS4%4".
%::P A -A$.
&R-4 ! / *< -A$-D4P9:.
7-D4 ! -A$-D4P9:.
49D%::P.
49D-:'-S4%4"-:9
.:) What are 9i#s a#$ $i%%ere#t t*pes 9i#s?
Ans here are four types of Poins!
*+ Self Poin
,+ -nner Poin
3+ :uter Poin
B+ 42ui Poin
.1) Whi(h is the $e%a)&t 9i#?
Ans
.2) H' $ ) $isp&a* a $ata i# a /etai& Aist?
Ans $y using t=o statements!
*+ op-of-page during line-selection
,+ At line-selection
.3) What are the t*pes % 'i#$'s i# SAP S(ript?
Ans here are five Standard %ayouts in SAP Script!
*+ Page
,+ &indo=
3+ Page &indo=
B+ Paragraph 'ormat
I+ "haracter 'ormat
.4) What are the %)#(ti# "$)&es )se$ i# a SAP S(ript $ri0er pr!ra"?
Ans here are three functions used in SAP Script!
*+ :P498':R)
,+ &R-48':R)
3+ "%:S48':R)
..) What are E<tra(ts?
Ans 4Etracts are dynamic se2uential datasets in =hich different lines can have
different structures. &e can access the individual records in an eEtract dataset
using a %::P.
.1) H' ')&$ ) ! a-)t i"pr0i#! the per%r"a#(e % a Pr!ra"G 'hi(h
se&e(ts $ata %r" FSE, E FDP2?
Ans
.3) H' $es S*ste" 'r+ i# (ase % a# I#tera(ti0e Reprt?
Ans
.7) What is AUW?
Ans %ogical Dnit of &or?
.8) /i%%ere#t t*pes % AUWs; What r the*?
Ans =o types of %D& are!
*+ D$ %D& - A database %D& is the mechanism used by the database to ensure
that its data is al=ays consistent. A database %D& is an inseparable se2uence of
database operations that ends =ith a database commit. he database %D& is
either fully eEecuted by the database system or not at all. :nce a database %D&
has been successfully eEecuted, the database =ill be in a consistent state. -f an
error occurs =ithin a database %D&, all of the database changes since the
beginning of the database %D& are reversed. his leaves the database in the
state it had before the transaction started.
,+ SAP %D& - A logical unit consisting of dialog steps, =hose changes are =ritten
to the database in a single database %D& is called an SAP %D&. Dnli?e a
database %D&, an SAP %D& can span several dialog steps, and be eEecuted
using a series of different =or? processes.
1:) What is 2irst e0e#t tri!!ere$ i# pr!ra"?
Ans
11) What are 0ari)s Hi#s? What is ri!ht )ter 9i#?
Ans
12) H' $ ) %i#$ )t 'hether a %i&e e<its # the prese#tati# ser0er?
Ans eps8get8directory8listing for directory
13) S*ste"s %ie&$s )se$ %r I#tera(ti0e Aists AN/ Aists
Ans -nteractive System 'ields! S3-%S-9D, S3-"PA(4, S3-%-%%-, S3-%-S4%, S3-
%-S-,
S3-%SA, S3-SA":, S3-SAR:
%ists! S3-":%9:, S3-%-9", S3-%-99:, S3-%-9S5, S3-PA(9:,
S3-AAR<F..S3-AARN, S3-&-%
14) A! i# SAP S(ript?
Ans RSK%D)" :R
Steps for ma?ing and inserting %ogo in SAP Script!
'irst Procedure!
*+ Dra= the picture
,+ Save it
3+ /nS4MH
B+ &rite name O "hoose "olor
I+ "lic? on -mport
G+ $ro=se picture
M+ 4nter
Second Procedure
*+ /nS4M*
,+ -nsert
3+ (raphics
B+ "lic? on stored on document server
I+ 4Eecute
G+ "hoose name of $)AP
1.) What are the $i%%ere#(e -et'ee# (a&& s(ree# a#$ &ea0e s(ree#?
Ans "all Screen! "alling a single screen is a special case of embedding a screen
se2uence. -f you =ant to prevent the called screen from covering the current
screen completely, you can use the "A%% S"R449 statement =ith the
SAR-9( A and 49D-9( A
"A%% S"R449 *<<<.
"A%% S"R449 *<<< SAR-9( A *< *< 49D-9( A ,< ,<.
%4AA4 S"R449 statement ends the current screen and calls the subse2uent
screen.
%4AA4 S"R449.
%4AA4 : S"R449 ,<<<.
11) I% i#ter#a& ta-&e )se$ i# %r a&& e#tries i# e"pt* the# 'hat happe#s
Ans 9o, records =ill be displayed.
13) I% I %r!t s"e (""a#$ i# SAP S(ript e;!;I s)ppress Jer $isp&a* >
H' t $ %i#$ it?
Ans Suppressing of entire screens is possible =ith this command. his command
allo=s us to perform screen processing Qin the bac?groundR. Suppressing screens
is useful =hen =e are branching to list-mode from a transaction dialog step.
17) H' t 'rite a B/= > h' $ ) ! a-)t it?
Ans Steps for =riting $D"
*+ /nS43H
,+ Declare ables, Data >for -A$+ and Data >for $D"-A$+
3+ "all function .Dpload0.
B+ &rite code for the 'irst Screen, Radio $utton, 'ilename, "hange $utton,
Second Screen, Dtilities >"reate 4ntries+, hird Screen and Save.
I+ "all transaction .S4**0 using $D"-A$ mode .A0.
G+ Save, "hec? 4rrors, Activate and 4Eecute.
18) What is Per%r"a#(e t)#i#!?
Ans
3:) /e%i#e /()"e#tati#;
Ans
31) Brie% a-)t Testi#! % pr!ra"s;
Ans
32) H' $ ) "0e # t the #e<t s(ree# i# i#tera(ti0e reprti#!?
Ans &rite code of the follo=ing!
*+ op-of-Page during line-selection
,+ At line-selection
33) =reate a#* %)#(ti#s? H' t ! a-)t it?
Ans Steps for creating the 'unctions!
'irst Procedure!
*+ /nS43M
,+ (oto
3+ 'unction (roup >'(+
B+ "reate (roup
I+ 9ame of '( >5R467A8'(+
G+ Short eEt
M+ Save
H+ %ocal :b@ect
Second Procedure
*+ 4nvironment
,+ -nactive :b@ect
3+ 'unction (roup >5R467A8'(+
B+ Activate
I+ $ac?
hird Procedure
*+ 9ame of 'unction )odule >5R467A8')+
,+ "reate
3+ &rite '( 9ame >5R467A8'(+
B+ Short eEt
I+ Save
'ourth Step!
"all function .5R467A8')0.
34) A$0a#(e$ tpi(s?
Ans
3.) 2)#(ti# "$)&es )se$ i# 24 he&p;
Ans here are t=o types of function modules used in 'B help!
*+ 'B-'8'-4%D8AA%D48R4SD4S
,+ 'B-'8-98A$%48AA%D48R4SD4S
31) Wr+ "st # 'hi(h "$)&eI Na"e a %e' ta-&es;
Ans Sales O Distribution )odule
*+ Sales Document! -tem Data 1 A$AP
,+ Sales Document! Partner 1 A$PA
3+ Sales Document! 7eader Data 1 A$A6
B+ Sales Document 'lo= 1 A$'A
I+ Sales Document! Delivery -tem Data - %-PS
G+ "ustomer )aster 1 69A*
M+ )aterial Data 1 )ARA
H+ "onditions >ransaction Data+ - 6:9A
33) S*ste" Ta-&e )se$
Ans
*+ Sales Document! -tem Data 1 A$AP
,+ Sales Document! Partner 1 A$PA
3+ Sales Document! 7eader Data 1 A$A6
B+ Sales Document 'lo= 1 A$'A
I+ Sales Document! Delivery -tem Data - %-PS
G+ "ustomer )aster 1 69A*
M+ )aterial Data 1 )ARA
H+ "onditions >ransaction Data+ - 6:9A
37) 2r" a ta-&e h' $ ) %i#$ 'hether a "ateria& is )se$ i# a#ther
"ateria& BOF?
Ans
38) What is rea$ &i#e?
Ans R4AD %-94 and R4AD "DRR49 %-94 1 hese statements are used to
read data from the lines of eEisting list levels. hese statements are closely
connected to the 7-D4 techni2ue.
7:) H' ) )se$ &!i(a& $ata-ase? H' is $ata tra#s%erre$ t pr!ra"?
=rresp#$i#! state"e#t i# A/B;
Ans
71) H' $ ) s)ppress %ie&$s # se&e(ti# s(ree# !e#erate$ -* A/B?
Ans
72) =a# there -e "re tha# 1 "ai# 'i#$' i# SAP S(ript?
Ans 9o, there cannot be more than * main =indo= in SAP Script because in
&R-48':R
1. Can we write the code both call transaction and session method in single program?
Ans. Yes it is possible to write call transaction and session in one program.
2. Which BDC you prefer?
Ans. If we want to transfer large amount of data and when we need to use more than one
transaction code we prefer session method. For small or less amount of data and for single
transaction use call transaction.
(This is more genric answer but you can add more on to this if you have worked on B!"
3. When u prefer L!W?
Ans. #hen we need to update medium amount of data we use $%&#. $%&# is also used when
the person like functional consultant has less programming language.
". Difference between .include and .append?
Ans.
#nclude structure allows to add one or more structure into structure or table.Also placed
positioning anywhere. 'pto ( include structure can be used in a table.
$ppend structure can be placed only at the end of a structure or table which also stops further
insertion of fields.)nly one append structure can be used
%. &reformance techni'ues
Ans.
*. The se+uence of fields must be same as per database table
,. uring writing select +uery write all fields in se+uence as per database table.
-. .ever write select statements inside loop/.endloop.
0. 'se st12 %3$ trace4 se-1 run time analysis4 code inspector4 slin4etc.
2. 'se select single 5 statement instead of select 5
(. Always use primary key
6. 'se binary search but before using binary search sort that table.
(. )ow to debug sapscripts ?
Ans.
Two ways to debug sapscript . first way is goto %7 6* and from menu bar select 'tilities8
9activate debugger .then goto %7-: e;ecute the print program 4it automatically goes to
debugging mode /..the other way is 4 run the program <%T=B'> in se -: . e;ecute it . a
message will show that debugger is activated .now open the print program in se -: /u vll notice
that the print prgm is automatically diverted to debugging mode.
*. What is partner selection?
Ans. This concept is mainly used in I)! where u select the partner profile using Tcode
#e,1 .with Tcode %&2? you create <F!(remote function call" to create communication link to
a remote system.
1+. What is occurs in internal table?
Ans. )ccurs addition to the eclaration will give initial si@e to that table.occur statement
allocates :kb of memory to the internal table.
11. What is page window?
Ans A page window is nothing but a container of a page 4which uni+uely identifies a set of data
/for e;ample while creating invoice /we create logo window 4 billing document header
window 4 customer window 4 terms and condition window etc /
12. What is the difference between scrolling a table hori,ontally and -ertically..??
AnsA In table control when you scroll a table vertically presentation server needs to call
application server to fetch the ne;t record and display in the table while in case of hori@ontal
scroll there is no need to call application server.
13. What are .ield /roups?
AnsA A group that combines several fields fewer than one name4 at runtime4 the I.%7<T
command is used to define which data fields are assigned to which field group are called Field
>roups. It should always be a B7A7< field group that defines how the e;tracted data will be
sortedC the fields grouped under the B7A7< field group sort the data.
10. List the e-ents in $B$&10 Language?
AnsA The events in ABADE0 are load of program 4Initiali@ation4 %election %creen4 %tart of
%election4 7nd of %election4 Top of page4 $ine selection4 'ser command4 7nd4 First.
1".)ow the -alues will be passed to 2.C .unction module &assby3alue or
&assbyreference?
AnsA always Dass by Falue.
<F! is <emote Function call so it canGt access the values with Dass by reference.
1%. Buffering concept usage?
AnsA There are three type of buffer
* single record
, generic buffer
- full buffer
Buffering is use for improve performance. it improves performance *1 to *11 times more
1(. elect up to 1 row and select single difference ?
AnsA %elect single fetches first matching record. If more than one matching records are there
then only the first matching record will be considered other records will not be taken into
account. #here as select up to * rows will fetch all the matching records from the database.
(Again it will assign only )ne <ecord to the internal tableE#ork area"
1*. What are the different buffering methods?
There are two different buffering methods
The system ensures that data transfer between the <E- %ystem and the database system is as
efficient as possible. To do this4 it uses the following techni+uesA
Table bufferingA The program accesses data from the buffer of the application server.
atabase re+uest bufferingA Individual database entries are not read or passed to the database
until re+uired by an )D7. %3$ statement.
14. Different types of loc5s?
v <ead lock (shared lock"
Drotects read access to an obHect. The read lock allows other transactions read access but not
write access to the locked area of the table.
v o #rite lock (e;clusive lock"
Drotects write access to an obHect. The write lock allows other transactions neither read nor write
access to the locked area of the table.
v o 7nhanced write lock (e;clusive lock without cumulation"
#orks like a write lock e;cept that the enhanced write lock also protects from further accesses
from the same transaction.
2+. C)$#6 76D C)$#6?
AnsA !hain and end chain are used for multiple field validation in &odule pool programming .It
is written inside the screen flow logic.
21.)ow to Debug 2.C .unction module?
AnsA
%7-: I9 'tilities I9 %ettings I9 ABAD 7ditor I9 ebugging
Activate the e;ternal debugging and choose the .ew ebugger option in ABAD debugger.
>o to the particular place in the code and put break point4 pop will appear then choose the BTTD
break point.
If you are triggering the <F! from %AD portal make sure that both the user I should be same
If the users are different then provide the =IEDortal 'ser I in the users field.
22.Why sapscripts are client dependent and smartforms are client independent.?
Ans8A %martforms create its own function module so it doesnGt need to transport the re+uest
through %!!*.As all the evelopment )bHect are stored in client independent tables. #hereas
%cript doesnGt generate any function module while e;ecuting so we need to transport the re+uest
number through %!!*.%ap script is stroed in side the client depended table as a T7=T.so
sapscripts are client dependent and smartforms are client independent.
23. Difference between user e8it and B$D#s?
AnsA 'ser e;it is for single implementation and it is procedural approach while BAIs are for
multiple implementation and obHect oriented approach.
&ultiple implementation means <eusability/ because we use ))ps !oncepts for BAI.
20. Control brea5 e-ents in $B$&9:
*. AT8FI<%TA This is used when we want to e;ecute the statements before records are processed.
,. AT8$A%TA This event is used when we want to e;ecute the statements after all records are
processed.
-. AT8.7#A This event is used when we want to e;ecute the statement before group of records
are processed.
0. AT87.A This event is used when we want to e;ecute the statements after processing of group
of records.
2".# am uploading 1++ records out of which say "4th record has error so what will happen
if i am using synchronous or asynchronous method of BDC? Can we update the database
using local update mode how?
2%. uppose i am writing following code then what will be output?
LOAD-OF-PROGRAM.
WRITE:/HELLO.
Ans: HELLO
(7;plain the importance of $)A8)F8D<)><A& 7vent.If you dont know Tell the interviewer
as this event is used in such cases when you want to clear sum buffers or something Before
calling that Drogram"
2(. What is ;!/?
Ans. T&> stands for Table &aintenance generator. It is a tool available in abap by which we can
add or delete multiple records at a time and it is e;ecuted or triggered by the transaction code
%&-1.
2*. Difference between select option and ranges ?
Ans. The main difference between select option and ranges is that ranges implicitly or
automatically creates internal table with fields like )DTI).4$)#4BI>B4%I>.4etc . #here as in
case of select option we have to e;plicitly create internal table.
#hen u declares a select options it will implicitly declare an internal table (ranges" for you.
#hile using <A.>7% synta; u can declare internal table e;plicitly.
The only need of declaring ranges is when you r not taking input from the user but you want
make limit based selection at that time it will be use full e.g. %7$7!T 55 from 55 where
&AT.< in valJrange.
here u can use select8option or ranges A valJrange.
24. is it possible to bring select option in module pool screens?
Ans.!reate a %7$7!T8)DTI).% in module pool screen using two methods as shown.
&ethod *AK8
a" !reate a subscreen area in your screen layout where you want to create the select options.
b" In the top include of your module pool program declare a selection screen as a subscreen e.g.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF SCREEN 100 AS SUBSCREEN.
sele!-"#!$"ns s%&'!n( )"( &'('-&'!n(.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF SCREEN.
c" In the DB) and DAI of the main screen where the select options needs to be created do a call
subscreen of the above screen (*11".
!A$$ %'B!<77. subJarea I.!$'I.> Lprogram9 Lscreen9
This !A$$ %'B%!<77. statement is necessary for transport of values between screen and
program.
.oteA All validations of the selection screen fields e.g. the sJmatnr field created above should be
done in selection screen events like AT %7$7!TI).8%!<77. etc and not in DAI. These
selection screen validations etc should be done in the top include only.
&ethod ,AKK8
a" !reate , separate fields in your screen layout I one for the low value and one for the high
value. Insert an icon beside the high value which will call the multiple selections popup screen
on user command. 'se function module !)&D$7=J%7$7!TI).%JIA$)> to achieve this.
continued //
s!(*%!'+%'n,%)$el,-)$el,n'&e - "n%*s!. ./UNNR0
s!(*%!'+%'n,%)$el,-!'+len'&e - "n%1n'1. ./NA12.
CALL FUNCTION .COMPLE3%SELECTIONS%DIALOG0 E3PORTING4
TITLE - . .
!e5! - 6%!$!l1 .C*s!"&e(s0
!'+%'n,%)$el, - s!(*%!'+%'n,%)$el,
TABLES RANGE - (n6%1*nn(
E3CEPTIONS
NO%RANGE%TAB - 1
CANCELLED - 7
INTERNAL%ERROR - 8
IN9ALID%FIELDNAME - :
OTHERS - ;.
IF NOT (n6%1*nn(<= IS INITIAL.
4 Re', !>e ?e(@ )$(s! en!(@ ") !>e ('n6e !'+le 'n, #'ss $! !"
4 ,@n#(" s(een )$el,
4READ TABLE (n6%1*nn( INDE3 1.
IF s@-s*+( - 0.
6%*s! - (n6%1*nn(-l"A.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
You can use the return table rngJkunnr to populate your own internal range table with the values
entered by the user. Basically here you are Hust simulating the work of a select8options parameter
by module pool screen elements.
3+.how we can retri-e data using secondary inde8.e8plain with simple e8ample
AnsA First create secondary inde;es on re+uired fields of a particular database table.
#e can create one primary inde; and *2 secondary inde;es.)nce the respective secondary
inde;es are created write select +ueries and within select +ueries specify secondary inde;es field
name with where clause.
31.)ow can we handle table control in BDC?
Ans.#e can handle table control using line inde;
$ine inde; indicates which line of Table control is to be use for B! transaction
7; 8
perform bdcJfield using M<!,?N8A'%NO(1*"G
Indicates *st line of table control is going to be used for transaction which is $ine inde; of Table
!ontrol
32. #f i want to e8ecute a BDC program only in bac5ground not in foreground is there any
option for this?
Ans.The sm-6 transaction can be used for running a program in the background. Also in the
session method while processing the session you can specify the processing type as background
or foreground.
33.)ow Can We upload a te8t file ha-ing Delimiters in to Legacy ystem
Ans.For up loading te;t file we use the pre8defined F& guiJupload. in that F& we have the
parameter hasJfieldJseperator for that we assign the default delimiter M;G.
BA%JFI7$J%7D7<AT)< M=G
M=G can provide the #hatever delimiter we used in flat file for separation.
30. What is the land scape in sap.
Ans. In every organisation sap landscape involves three servers vi@4 evelopment server4 3uality
server and Droduction server. #hatever new development we do as per clients re+uirement is
done in development server. $ater to test the developed obHect we move it to +uality server for
testing and finally once everything goes clear then the obHect is moved to production server
4production server data is ready for final business use.
3". Wor5bench re'uest are client dependent or client independent
Ans. #orkbench re+uest are client independent.
(!ommon &an #orkbench re+uest holds the Drogram 4 F& etc/. Bow it can be !lient
ependentPPPP"
3%. ;ell me about wor5bench re'uest and customi,ation re'uests.
Ans.#orkbench (ABAD ev" re+uest is client independent when you import it into one system it
reflact it in all client in same system4 but customi@ed re+uest has to import in that client
perticular client where it is created4 actually it is client dependent.
<ther #nter-iew 'uestions=
%AD %!<IDT% Q F)<&%
*. !an we write the codeEprogram inside sap scriptR
,. Bow will u create sapscripts Q smartforms in multiple languageR
-.Bow to e;ecute sap script Q smart forms in BackgroundR
0.Bow to do total Q subtotal in scripts Q formsR
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
ATA I!TI).A<Y
*.Apart from .include Q .append how will u do table enhancementR
,.what r the events of table maintainence generatorR
-.what will happen if i use proHection view and maintainence view togetherR
0. I created O7&D table now i want to add more data but prev. data should not disturb how can i
do thisR
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
<7D)<T%
*.Bow will u print footers in alv reportR
,.Bow will u edit fields from output list of alvR
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
B!
*.what r the fields u took during recording for mmo*4me,*nR
,.If u want to do bdc for ;d1* e;plain me how will be the flowR
SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS
user e;its
*.what r enhancement pointsR
,.Bow to write customer e;itsR
-.what is routineR how it is different from user e;itsR
1.sapscript and smartforms
%ap script is client dependent and smart form is client independent.
%martforms has )nly * main window while %ap script has ?? main windows
You can not print labels using smart forms
2.BDC and L!W
In B! we have to take care of field mapping whereas field mapping is taken care by sap
in lsmw.
B! is mostly used for customised data upload while $%&# is used for uploading
&aster data.
In B! we need to write large code but in $%&# small coding is needed.
3. B$D# and B$&#
BAI is business add ins4 it is used to customi@e the standard business flow
BADI is Business application programming interface. It is nothing but <emote enabled
function module which can be called from outside the %AD %ystem.
0.user e8it and customer e8it
'ser e;it is an include program given by %AD in that you can write your code 4 It needs
Access key from %AD while key is not re+uired in case of customer e;it
". elect single and select up to one row
%elect single will fetch only one record while select up to n row. #ill fetch n rows from
database
%. 6ormal >Classical? report and $L3 report
To display the output in classical report you use #<IT7 %tatement.
To display the output in A$F we have different function modules and class like
<7'%7JA$FJ><IJI%D$AY 4 <7'%7JA$FJ$I%TJI%D$AY and
!$J%A$FJTAB$7.
If you run the classical report in background after T)B finished you can see itGs output
which stored in spool4 #hile in case of A$F you need code e;tra to store the output as it
will not generate the spool.
(. $L3 list display and $L3 grid display
You cannot retrieve the output for the report which is displayed using A$F ><I
isplay.As spool <e+uest will not be created for the same. #hile in case of list display
<eport out put will be there in spool re+uest.
*. Classical and drill down report
In classical report user cannot interact with report whereas in drill down report user can
interact with report.
rill down facility is not provided in classical report while in drill down it is provided.
If they ask you in detail then tell the interviewer that interact with the report means in
drill down report we have one basic list and ,1 secondary lists so we can directly go to
2th list or *1th list as per our re+uirement similarly we can come back to any list. rill
down means showing data in basic list first and when we double click on any field we get
summarised list. .)T7A8 to go to ne;t list in drill down report use following synta; %Y8
$%I. S L list number9 e;ampleA to go to *2th list %Y8$%I. S *2 to come to 2th list
from *2th list use F- N7Y )< D<7%% BA!N B'TT).
4. B$&# and 2.C function module
BADI is nothing but remote enabled function module
BADI is provided as a method of business obHects
1+.sap 0.( and 7CC %.+
%AD 0.6 is based on #eb A%
7!! (.1 is based of .etweaver 6.1.
11. get cursor and hide in interacti-e report
>et cursor will provide the location cursor position in the report
#hile hide is use to pass the data from basic list to secondary list
12.normal function module and 2.C
You cannot call normal function module from outside the current system while <F!
function module can be called from outside the %AD system.
13. ubroutine and function modules.
%ubroutine is local to the program while function module is global.
To call subroutine from outside its main program you need to write its main program
name in the bracket
10.$t selection screen and $t selection screen output.
At selection screen output is called first
All dynamic commands and screen modification is done in AT selection screen output.
1".direct input and batch input
The basic difference is validation is not done in direct input by pre defined function while
in batch input it is coved.
1%.synchronous and asynchronous in BDC
%ynchronous mode will wait until the B! session gets over while asynchronous mode
will not wait for that
1(.at selection screen and at selection on field name
At selection screen is used to validate the whole screen elements while at selection field
is used to validate the particular field.
#hen you display the error message in at selection on field the focus will be on that
particular field while in case of At selection screen the focus will not be on any particular
field.
1*. &B< and &$# e-ent in module pool
Drocess Before )utput and Drocess after input.
DB) will be called before the screen is displayed to the user while process after input is
called once user interact with screen.
14. top @ chec5 and e8it
If you use the %T)D statement within an event block4 the system stops processing the
block Immediately.
If you use the 7=IT statement within an event block but not in a loop4 the system
stops Drocessing the block immediately
If you use the !B7!N Le;pr9 statement within an event block but not within a loop4 and
the !ondition Le;pr9 is not fulfilled4 the system e;its the processing block
immediately. Le;pr9 can be any logical e;pression or the name of a selection table. If
you specify a selection table and the contents of the corresponding table work are do.
2+.free and refresh in internal table
You can use F<77 to initiali@e an internal table (along with header line " and release its
memory space.
<7F<7%B will only initiali@e an internal table (along with header line"
21.clear and delete.
The maHor difference is clear is used with internal table while delete is used with database
table.
22. collect and sum
!)$$7!T Lline9 I.T) Litab9. The statement first checks whether the internal table
contains an entry with the same key. If not4it acts like I.%7<T. If there is already a table
entry with the same key4 !)$$7!T does not inserta new line. Instead4 it adds the values
from the numeric fields of the work area Lline9 to thevalues in the corresponding fields
of the e;isting table entry.
%'&.!an only be used in loops through internal tables. !alculates the sums of the
numeric fields in alllines of the current control level and writes the results to the
corresponding fields in the workarea.
23. call transaction and session method
!all transaction is %ynchronous Drocessing while session (classical" method is
Asynchronous Drocessing
In call transaction we can update the database both synchronously and asynchronously.
#e can specify the mode in the program. #hile in session method it is %ynchronous
atabase update.
In call transaction .o batch input processing log is maintained while in session method
details log is maintained.
!all Transaction method is faster than the session method.
20. at first and at last control brea5 e-ent
As the name suggest AT FI<%T e;ecuted for the first time while AT $A%T e;ecuted in
last.
2". 7nhancement point and 7nhancement ection
Both the enhancement8point and section are available for you to change standard %AD
code. ifference is in fact that you use 7nhancement8point to add ABAD code to standard
%AD and enhancement8section to replaceEe;tend standard %AD code.
2%.end of page and top of page
Top of page trigger when report encounter the first write4 skip or new8line statements.
7nd of page trigger when page si@e is over or report display gets over.
2(. ;able and structure
Table has physical definition into the underline database while structure does e;ist
physically in the data base.
2*. table and -iews
Table has data init while view does not contain data in it. Both e;ist in the data base.
when u run the view it +ueries the database and gives the respective data.
24.inner Aoins and for all entries
Inner Hoin Hoins the table at database level whereas For..All..7ntries Hoins the table at
application level.
In For..All..7ntries when the condition gets satisfied data is fetched in one single shot
from database table whereas in inner Hoin data is fetched iteration by iteration
It is always good programming practice to Hoin tables at application level because if we
Hoin tables at database level then there might be performance issue
3+. ;ransparent table pool table and cluster table
Transparent TableA 7;ists with the same structure both in the dictionary and database
e;actly with same data and fields. itGs to store transaction data. ItGs one to one <elation
table
Dool tablesA These are logical tables must be assigned to a table pool when they are
defined. Its use to store control data. its many to one relation table
!lustered tablesA these also logical tables and must be assigned to table cluster when they
are defined. ItGs also used to store control data4 temporary data or te;t e;.4 documentation.
ItGs also many to one relation table.
31. ;op of page and top of page during line selection
Top of page is triggered for the basic list while top of page at line selection triggers at
secondary list.
32. tartBform and 7ndBform in sap script
startJform function module is called if we want to use different forms with similar
characteristics in a single spool re+uest 4it must be closed by 7.JF)<& function
module
33. open dataset and close dataset
)pen dataset is use to read E write file into application server while close dataset is use to
close that file.
30. data element and domains
omain gives technical details like length 4 decimal etc..while data elements gives
description and business details
3". set screen and call screen
%et screen Lno9 set the ne;t screen value and temporarily override the ne;t screen value
in screen attribute. #hile call screen Lno9 Hump to the screen specified in Lno9.
3%. #nternal ession and 78ternal ession
7;ternal session is nothing but the window you have opened in your screen .By efault
you can open ( e;ternal sessions( ( windows S you can increase it via basisGs setting".
Internal session is created when you call any Functional module or any other task in your
program. counts for internal sessions are ?.
3(. 7lementary and collecti-e search help
An 7lementary earch help defines the flow of a standard input help. It is composed of
a selection method that defines where to get the data that will make up the hit list4
An interface consisting of search help parameters that define the e;change of data
between the screen and the selection method and a dialog type that controls how the hit
list will be displayed.
A Collecti-e earch help is a combination of several elementary search helps giving the
user a different search paths. The interface parameters of the elementary search help are
assigned to the parameters of the collective search.
3*. What is the difference between Clustered ;ables and &ooled ;ables?
A pooled table is used to combine several logical tables in the ABADE0 dictionary. Dooled
tables are logical tables that must be assigned to a table pool when they are defined.
!luster table are logical tables that must be assigned to a table cluster when they are
defined.
!luster table can be used to store control data they can also used to store temporary data
or te;t such as documentation.
34. user e8its and customer e8it.
'ser e;it is sap defined includes so to modify it we need key from %AD.while customer
e;it like function e;it 4 screen e;it we donGt need any key.
0+. sapscript smart forms and adobe forms
%apscript is client dependent whereas smartform is client independent.
&ain window is compulsory in scripts whereas main window not compulsory in form.
%martform output can be seen in web while in scripts it is not possible.
smartform generates function module while scripts dont generate function module.
01. screen and subscreens in module pool.
%creen has itGs own gui status while subscreen does not have any gui status.%ubscreens
are part of main screen.
02. standard table and hashed tables.
%tandard table can be accessed by key as well as inde; while You can only access hashed
tables by specifying the key. The system has its own hash algorithm for managing the
table.
ap 2eports #nter-iew Cuestions and
$nswers
$ table is buffered. By select statement # donDt want to get the data from table
buffer. # want to get the data from database. )ow?
If buffering is allowed for a table in the ABAD ictionary4 the %7$7!T statement always
reads the data from the buffer in the database interface of the current application server.
To read data directly from the database table instead of from the buffer4 use the followingA
%7$7!T... F<)& 5ltCtables9 BYDA%%I.> B'FF7<. ..
This addition guarantees that the data you read is the most up to date. Bowever4 as a rule4
only data that does not change fre+uently should be buffered4 and using the buffer where
appropriate improves performance. You should therefore only use this option where
really necessary.
What are user e8its? What are customer e8its?
'ser e;its and customer e;its are the same thing.
Both are used to give the customer the chance to influence the outcome of a process(8
step" in some way4 without having to change the standard %AD software. For e;ampleA if
an order is entered in the system4 availability checks4 credit checks etc. could be
performed by the system but Hust before writing the order to the database4 the program
runs a user e;it. In this user e;it4 your code could change some fields in the order or write
an entry in a table that you created for some reason.
What is the difference between startBform and openBform in scripts? Why is it
necessary to close a form always once it is opened?
Answer*A
stratJform using this we can open many layoutses
openJform using this we can open the layout
performance will be high
Answer,A
)penJform 88 is used to initiali@e the spool re+uest.
%tartJform88 is used to initiali@e the layout.
What is difference between <6 Change of and $t 6ew .ield ?
%elect %ingle 5 from and select 'pto * rows
At new 8 on change of differenceA In case if you want calculate sub totals for same values
in a field you can use the atnew statement.ieA
For e;ample in a table sflight4 there are , fields carrid ( airline id" and seatsma;( seat
available". In case if you want calculate the total number of seats available for each
carrrid you can sort the table first and using the at new and sum you can claculate the
total seats for each carrid. Atnew will be triggered whenever there is a change in the
carrid and the total seats will be returned for each carrid.
In the same scenario if you use onchange of it will not return the total seats for each
carrid4 instead it will return the total seat count for the entire table( ieA for all the carrids
in the table. Another diffrence is atnew can be used only between loop and end loop
whereas on change of can also be used in select8 endselect 4 do 8enddo. Another diffrence
is while using atnew in case if you code any write statements between atnew and end at
the value for the numeric fields will be returned as 1 and that of no numeric fields will be
returned as 5(asteriks". But in on change of the orginal values will be returned. %elect
single 5 and select upto * row diffrence.
The select single 5 from stmt selects only one row form the database table and puts it in
to the work area(internal table". The select upto n(where n stands for a integer number"
rows stmt selects all the rows from the database table but writes only the specified
number of rows specified by the n into the internal table. If its given as upto * rows only
* row is written in to the internal table.
When you create sales report@ What you can see in that report ? What are those field
names or data element names?
vbak8auart4 U)<7< TYD7
vbak8audat4 U)!'&7.T AT7
vbak8kunnr4 U!'%T)&7<
vbak8bstnk4 UD'<!BA%7)<7<.)
vbak8submi4 Ucollective no
vbrp8posnr4 UIT7&
vbrp8matnr4 U&AT7<IA$ .'&B7<
vbrp8arkt;4 U7%!<IDTI).
vbrp8fkimg4 U)<7< 3TY
vbrp8vkbur4 U%A$7%)FFI!7
vbrp8aubel4 U%A$7% )!'&7.T
vbrk8netwr4 U.7TD<I!7
vbrk8vbeln4 UBI$$I.>)!.)
vbrk8knumv4 U)!.!).ITI).
kna*8name*4 U!'%T)&7<.A&7
vbrp8werks4 UD$A.T
vbrk8kunrg4 UDAY7<
kna*8name*4 UDAY7< .A&7
vbpa8kunnr4 U7&D$)Y77.)
vbrk8netwr4 UI%!)'.T
vbrk8netwr4U.7TA&T
vbrk8netwr4UI.FA&T
vbrk8fkart4 Ubilling type
vbrk8netwr4 U!%T
konv8kbetr4 U!%T D7<
vbrk8netwr4 U$%T
konv8kbetr4 U$%T D7<
vbrk8netwr4 U7
konv8kbetr4 U7 D7<
vbrk8netwr4 U7cs
konv8kbetr4 U7cs D7<
vbrk8netwr4 U%'<!BA<>7
vbrk8fkdat4 UBI$$I.>AT7
kna*8name*4 U7&D$)Y77.A&7
vbak8bstdk4 UD)AT7
likp8bolnr4 UBill )f $ading
likp8traty4 U&eans of Transport Type
likp8traid4 U&eans of Transport I
vbpa8kunnr4 UBill To Darty
kna*8name*4 UBill To Darty .ame
vbrk8netwr4 U.et Amount Basic Amount 8 iscount
)ow to assign multiple transaction codes in a session method to BDCB#nsert
function module?
!all function V B!JInsertV
e;porting
tr. code S V enter tr.code* hereV
table S Vgive an internal table related totr.code* hereV
call function VB!JI.%7<TV
e;porting
tr.code S V enter ,nd tr codeV
tables S V ,nd internal tableV
EChec5F and EContinueF. What is the difference?
!heck statement4 checks the condition with in a loop and if it satisfies the condition4 the
control moves to ne;t statement in the loop. )therwise4 it terminates the loop.
!ontinue statement4 acts like goto statement. If the condition is true4 it processes the
remaining statements and if the condition is false4 then the control moves to the top of
loop.
At8$ine selection4 At user8command etc..4
In at line8selection system defined fcode will be generated In at user8command we need
to define the fcode and fkey manually then only it will triggers.
E78itF and EtopF. What is the difference?
e;it statments is e;it the current loop. and moving to ne;t loop but stop statement move
to end of selection. itVs not check all other loops.
What is the reser-e command?
Answer*A
<everse !ommand A<everse . $ines A if there is not enough space left on the current
page for atleast n lines it starts a new page
Answer,A
<7%7<F7
If insufficient space is there for listing output reserve statement encounters .7#8
DA>7.But before going to new page it processes 7.8)F8DA>7.
What are e-ent 5eywords in reports?
Answer*A
7vents keywords in <eports are
For !lassical <eports4
*.Initiali@ation
,. At line8selection
-. %tart8of8selection
0.Top8of8page
2. At user8command
(.7nd8of8selection
6. 7nd8of8page
:.At Dfn
For Interactive <eports4
?.At line8selection *1. Top8of8page during line selection
For $B ($ogical ataBase" <eports4
*1. get **.put *,. get table
Answer,A
*. Initiali@ation
,. At line8selection
-. %tart8of8selection
0.Top8of8page
2. Top8of 8page during at line8selection
(. At DF
6. At user8command
:.7nd8of8selection
?. 7nd8of8page
ow can -alidate input -alues in selection screen and which e-ent was fired?
Answer*A
#e can Falidate %election %creen #ith the Belp of the Following 7vents4 the 7vent
Follows the %ame hierachy.
AT %7$7!TI).8%!<77. ).
AT %7$7!TI).8%!<77. ). B$)!N
AT %7$7!TI).8%!<77. )'TD'T
AT %7$7!TI).8%!<77..
Answer,A
At selection8screen on
select stmt 888888888888888888 where S .
if sy8subrc S 1.
validation success for $)w value in selection screen
At selection8screen on
select stmt88888888888888888888 where S
if sy8subrc L9 1.
validation failure on high value in the selection field.
else
success.
endif
BDC ;ransaction code?
Transaction code for bdc A%BB
)ow to na-igate basic list to secondary list?
#e can .avigate from basic list to secondary list with the help the event called AT $I.78
%7$7!TI).. for every %econdary $ist the %ystem Field %Y8$%I. increases by *. %o
there will be Totally ,* list possible in %AD.
)ne Basic $ist ,1 %econdary $ist.
Which is the .irst character of creating Loc5<bAect?
$ock)bHects always starts with character V7V.
What is the Difference between Data 7lement and Domain?
Answer*A
omainA efines the attributes such as length4type and possible value range.
ata elementC An intermediate obHect between domain and table type
Answer,A
omain A technical attributes of dataelement is called domain.
ataelement A %ymantic attributes are called dataelement.
)ow many types of standard $& #nternal ;ables?
*"standered table
,"inde; table
-"hashed table
0"sorted table
What is the Difference Between ;ablecontrols and tep Loops?
Table controls have both hori@ontal and vertical scrollers and cursor control logic is
designed implicitly.
%tep loops have only hori@ontal scrollers and cursor control logic is to be designed by the
user e;plicitly.
What are the 7-ents in Dialog &rograms?
7vents in ialog Drogramming areA
DB)8Drocess Before )utput
DAI8Drocess AFter Input
D)B8Drocess on Belp <e+uest
D)F8Drocess on Falue <e+uest
)ow many ways you can create ;able?
'ser can create a atabase table in two ways.
*.Top8to8bottom approachA In this approach4 first fields are defined and later domain and
data element are defined.
,.Bottom8to8top approachA In this approach4 first domain and data element are defined
and later fields are defined.
What are the Cluster ;ables?
!luster tables contain continuous te;t4 for e;ample4 documentation. %everal cluster tables
can be combined to form a table cluster. %everal logical lines of different tables are
combined to form a physical record in this table type. This permits obHect8by8obHect
storage or obHect8by8obHect access. In order to combine tables in clusters4 at least parts of
the keys must agree. %everal cluster tables are stored in one corresponding table on the
database.
What are function modules in LDB?
Function modules in $BVs are
get
put
get late
What are Difference Between Classical Batch #nput and Call ;ransaction?
Answer*A
In Batch input many transactions can be e;ecuted4 where as in !all transcation only one
transactioin can be e;ecuted.
BI is a background process4 !t can be either background or foreground .
BI is %ynchronous process4 !t is both Asynchronous Q %ynchronous.
BI %essions cannot be runed parallel.
$og file is generated automaticly in BI4 errors can be found through B!&%>!)$$.
Answer,A
*.batch input works for multiple applications where as call transactions doenVt work
,.batch input has an implicit log file with it. where as call transaction doesnVt have
-.batch input has sy8subrc check with the database where as call transaction doesnVt have
so call transaction is fast.
)ow can you call the essions?
using transaction code %&-2
Can you call 2eport in $& cript?
Yes4 we can.
Tust write in $ine editorA
EAperform fJdisplayJreport
88888888888888
8888888888
8888888888
EAendperform
TBI% D7<F)<& #)'$ B7 7!$A<7 I. TB7 D<I.T D<)><A&&7 I.
#BI!B Y)' !A. A$#AY% #<IT7 %TAT7&7.T
%'B&IT <7D)<T...
)ow to Gpload Logo to Layout et and what is &rogram 6ame?
You can also upload a $ogo in B&D format 8 it has to be saved as UWX !olours if it is a
colour Bitmap.
If you donVt save a colour Bitmap as ,2( !olours then it will be uploaded in Black.
This can be done in %mart Forms4 %AD%cript or Transaction %76:
ap 2eports #nter-iew Cuestions and
$nswers
What are the 7; &arameter and /7; &arameter?
To use parameter Is4 you need to YsetZ (store" values in the global memory area and
then YgetZ (retrieve" values from this parameter I memory area. [IIn the case of an
online program4 you will YsetZ values from screen fields and you will YgetZ these values
for screen fields. [YYou can perform this YsetEgetZ function two waysA [ 'se the ABAD
statements Y%7T DA<A&7T7< IZ and Y>7T DA<A&7T7< IZ. [ 'se the field
attributes Y%DAZ and Y>DAZ . [<<emember that parameter Is can only be used with
ABAD ictionary fields because parameter Is are linked to data elements. The
appropriate data elements must have a parameter Is for this YsetEgetZ function to work.
What are ;e8t 7lements?
Te;t elements makes program easier to maintain program te;ts in different languages.
These are used for maintainig list headers4selectionte;ts in programs
What is an #nteracti-e 2eport?
An Interactive report allows the user to participate in retrieving and present data at each
level.while classical report doesnVt have access to interact
What are Layout set 7lements?
layout set elements are
*.header ,.peragraph formats -. character formats 0. windows 2. pages (.page windows
Distinguish between setscreen and call screen?
In the case of setscreen the entire processing of the current screen takes place and then
the system branches out to ne;t screen.if u want to branch out to the ne;t screen without
processing the current screen then $7AF7 %!<77. should be used along with %7T
%!<77..
!A$$ %!<77. is usually used for pop up screens.
What is $B$& !emory and $& !emory?
Answer*C
%AD memory is a memory area to which all main sessions within a %ADgui have access.
You can use %AD memory either to pass data from one program to another within a
session4 or to pass data from one session to another. Application programs that use %AD
memory must do so using %DAE>DA parameters .
ABAD memory is a memory area that all ABAD programs within the same internal
session can access using the 7=D)<T and I&D)<T statements. ata within this area
remains intact during a whole se+uence of program calls. To pass data to a program
which you are calling4 the data needs to be placed in ABAD memory before the call is
made. The internal session of the called program then replaces that of the calling
program. The program called can then read from the ABAD memory.
Answer,C
*. %AD memory is for cross8transaction Applications and ABADE0 memory is transaction8
specific.
,. The %AD memory4 otherwise known as the global memory4 is available to a user during
the entire duration of a terminal session. Its contents are retained across transaction
boundaries as well as e;ternal and internal sessions. The contents of the ABADE0 memory
are retained only during the lifetime of an e;ternal session. You can retain or pass data
across internal sessions.
-. The %7T DA<A&7T7< and >7T DA<A&7T7< statements allow you to write to4 or
read from4 the %AD memory. The 7=D)<T T) &7&)<Y and I&D)<T F<)&
&7&)<Y statements allow you to write data to4 or read data from4 the ABAD memory.
78plain Chec5 ;able and 3alue ;able ?
check tabke works at table level and value table works at domain level.
check table is nothing but master table that u will create with valid set of values.
value table it provides the list of values and it will automatically proposed as a check
table while creating foreing key relationship
)ow many types of tandard #nternal ;ables?
8 %TA.A< TAB$7A
The key is4 by default4 set to .).8'.I3'7. You may not use
the '.I3'7 addition.
8 %)<T7 TAB$7A
'nlike stadard tables4 sorted table have no default setting
for the uni+ueness attribute. If you do not specify either
'.I3'7 or .).8'.I3'74 the system defines a generic table
type4 where uni+ueness is irrelevant. You can use generic
types to specify the type of generic subroutine parameters.
8 BA%B7 TAB$7A
Bashed tables have no default setting. You must use the
'.I3'7 addition with hashed tables. You may not use
.).8'.I3'7.
What is 2efresh in #nternal ;able?
V<efreshV is the keyworld which clears the contents of an internal table body.
What is the Difference Between Collect and um?
!)$$7!T allows you to create uni+ue or summari@ed datasets. The system first tries to
find a table entry corresponding to the table key. The key values are taken either from the
header line of the internal table itab4 or from the e;plicitly8specified work area.
If the system finds an entry4 the numeric fields that are not part of the table key (see
ABAD number types" are added to the sum total of the e;isting entries. If it does not find
an entry4 the system creates a new entry instead.
The way in which the system finds the entries depends on the type of the internal tableA
8 %TA.A< TAB$7A
The system creates a temporary hash administration for the table to find the entries. This
means that the runtime re+uired to find them does not depend on the number of table
entries. The administration is temporary4 since it is invalidated by operations like
7$7T74 I.%7<T4 &)IFY4 %)<T4 ...". A subse+uent !)$$7!T is then no longer
independent of the table si@e4 because the system has to use a linear search to find entries.
For this reason4 you should only use !)$$7!T to fill standard tables.
8 %)<T7 TAB$7A
The system uses a binary search to find the entries. There is a logarithmic relationship
between the number of table entries and the search time.
What are the ways of creating ;ables?
There are two ways to create table
*" top8down approach
," bottom8up approach
What are .unction !odules?
Answer*A
Function modules is a e;tranal subroutine.we can call it to outside the program.its a mini
program. its used for redues the coding4easy to find error.
Answer,A
Function modules is like a small program (is not a suboutine because sub8routines are not
standalone obHects8i.e we cannot\ e;ecute them\ alone"\ which are similar to
VfunctionsV in !.
#e can pass the varible and get the return values even with out knowing what is
happening in its code.
They are standalone programs8i.e.we can debug and e;ecute them alone unlike
subroutines and macros and includes.
What is C$;?
"CAT" Computer Aided Test Tool. Used to create test cases for application
testing purposes.
ap 2eports #nter-iew Cuestions and
$nswers
What is LDB?
$ogical atabase is an ABAD program which retrieves data from various tables
#hich are interrelated and provides a read only view of the data.
What are the 7376; in 2eport &rogram? What are 7376; #n #nteracti-e
2eport and 78plain?
!lassical <eport 7vents are
$)A )F D<)><A&.I.ITIA$IOATI)..
AT %7$7!TI).8%!<77..%TA<T8)F8%7$7!TI)..
T)D8)F8DA>7.7.8)F8DA>7.
7.8)F8%7$7!TI)..
Interactive events are
AT $I.78%7$7!TI)..
AT '%7<8!)&&A..
T)D8)F8DA>7 '<I.> $I.78%7$7!TI)..
AT $I.78%7$7!TI).AAllows the user to interact with the lists.
AT '%7<8!)&&A.A'%ed for handling Dush buttons.
%7T DF8%TAT'%ADrovides 'ser Interface.
What are the -arious techni'ues of BDC?
call transaction
session method
direct input method
What is CL ;race?
%3$ Tracer is a tool used to measure the performance of ABAD program.
T.code Ast12
What is LGW?
It is a span of time during which database records are updated either
commit or rollback.
)a-e you wor5ed with reading and writing data on to files?
Y7%4 open dataset Lfilename9 for output. read dataset Lfilename9 from itab. close
dataset Lfilename9.
)a-e you created tables in $&? What are client dependent and independent
tables? )ow do you create independent tables?
Tables which are having &A.T field is called as client dependent tables. Tables which
are not having &A.T field is called as client dependent tables.
)a-e you used !3+ and !31 transactions?
sm-1 is used to view the V !all 'p Fiew &aintenance V and %&-* is to view the V Table
maintenance V with
)ow many dictionary obAects are there and list all
Available ictionary )bHects are omains4 Fiwes4 &atch !odes4 $ock )bHects4
%tructures4 ata 7lements4 Intenal Types.
What is the difference between transparent and non transparent database tables?
Transparent tables have * 8 * cardinality bEw ata ictionary and atabase4 and non
transparent ( !luster and Dooled" tables have &any 8 * cardinality.
Transparent table can access with using )Den Q .Ative %3$ stmts where as
.ontransparent only )Den %+l.
Transparent trables can store Table relevent data and non transparent tables can store
system dataE application data based on the transparent tables
What is meant by BDC. )ow many methods of BDC are there?
B! 89 BAT!B ATA !)&&'.I!ATI)..
&7TB)% )F B!89 irect Input method4 Batch Input %ession method4 !all
transaction method.
What are the difference between table controls and step loops in dialog
programming?
*. Function modules use a special screen to define the parameters where as subroutines
use the same ABADE0 editor to define its parameters.
,. Tables work area can be commonly shared by calling program and subroutine where as
function modules do not share commonly.
-. !alling a function module synta; (!all function." is different from calling a subroutine
synta; (perform/.".
0. #ith raise statement user can e;it from a function module where as e;it is used in
subroutines.
What is $L7@ #D<C @ 7D# @ 2.C. 78plain briefly.
A$7A application linking enabling
I)!A intermediatary documents
7IA electronic data interchange
<F!A remote function call
What is a binary search?
Binary %earch is used in internal table for searching the records. its means record
searched one by one from top Q bottom both side.so its a easy nd fast way to find the
record.bt pointer searching is better.
;ypes of Gser 78its@ what 5ind of wor5 is done on these e8its?
File 7;it4 &enu 7;it4 Function 7;it.
)ow will you find out where the user e8its are a-ailable?
!&) A This transaction allows you to create a D<)T7!T by identifying its
7.BA.!7&7.T(%". After determining all of the 7.BA.!7&7.T% that are part of
the D<)T7!T4 you will have to activate the D<)T7!T. You will still need to code your
user8e;itC therefore4 you may want to wait until this step is completed before activating
the D<)T7!T.
[%&) A This transaction allows you to create an 7.BA.!7&7.T4 which you will
include in a D<)T7!T4 by identifying its !)&D).7.T(%". In the case where %AD has
already created an 7.BA.!7&7.T for its pre8defined user8e;its4 you will not need to
use transaction %&)C instead4 you should Hust use transaction !&).
)a-e you created any transactions?
Yes4
#e can use T! %7?- for creating our own transaction code.
Difference between ;able:Controls and tep:loops?
Table controls are modified E mproved versions of step loops.
in controls we can do4
hori@ontal scrolling4
vertical scrolling4
scrolling in a perticular field4
resi@e the table4
can save the settings for future use4
can make selective columns editable4....etc
these things are not possible with step loops.
step loops are controlled by loop8endloop statements.
#mport and 78port
ABAD memory is a memory area that all ABAD programs within the same internal
session can access using the 7=D)<T and I&D)<T statements. ata within this area
remains intact during a whole se+uence of program calls. To pass data to a program
which you are calling4 the data needs to be placed in ABAD memory before the call is
made. The internal session of the called program then replaces that of the calling
program. The program called can then read from the ABAD memory. If control is then
returned to the program which made the initial call4 the same process operates in reverse.
)ow many interacti-e reports did you write?
In an Interactive <eport4 user can define ma;imum ,1 secondary lists.
What is an EGnpac5 commandF
'.DA!N field*T) field, .'npacks the packed field field* and places it in the field
field, with leading @eros. If field, is too short4 it is truncated on the left.
ap $bap #nter-iew Cuestions and $nswers
What is the difference between collect and sum?
%'&.
#hen processing an internal table in a block starting with $))D and concluded by 7.$))D 4
%'& calculates the control totals of all fields of type I 4 F and D (see also ABADE0 number
types " and places them in the $))D output area (header line of the internal table or an e;plicitly
specified work area".
#hen you use %'& in a $))D with an e;plicitly specified output area4 this output area must be
compatible with the line type of the internal table.#hen using $))D to process a sorted e;tract
(see %)<T "4 the control total of f at the end of the group appears in the field %'&(f" 8 8 if f is
type I 4 F or D .
!)$$7!T.
!)$$7!T is used to create uni+ue or compressed datsets. The key fields are the default key
fields of the internal table itab .
If you use only !)$$7!T to fill an internal table4 !)$$7!T makes sure that the internal table
does not contain two entries with the same default key fields.
If4 besides its default key fields4 the internal table contains number fields4the contents of these
number fields are added together if the internal table already contains an entry with the same key
fields.
If the default key of an internal table processed with !)$$7!T is blank4 all the values are added
up in the first table line.
If you specify wa I.T) 4 the entry to be processed is taken from the e;plicitly specified work
area wa . If not4 it comes from the header line of the internal table itab .
After !)$$7!T 4 the system field %Y8TABI= contains the inde; of the 8 e;isting or new 8 table
entry with default key fields which match those of the entry to be processed.
!)$$7!T can create uni+ue or compressed datasets and should be used precisely for this
purpose. If uni+ueness or compression are unimportant4 or two values with identical default key
field values could not possibly occur in your particular task4 you should use ADD7. instead.
Bowever4 for a uni+ue or compressed dataset which is also efficient4 !)$$7!T is the statement
to use.
If you process a table with !)$$7!T 4 you should also use !)$$7!T to fill it. )nly by doing
this can you guarantee that the internal table will actually be uni+ue or compressed4 as described
above and !)$$7!T will run very efficiently.
If you use !)$$7!T with an e;plicitly specified work area4 it must be compatible with the line
type of the internal table.
)ow we format the data before before write statement in report ?
#e can format the reports output by using the loop events likeA
*.at first
,.at new
-.at last
etc check docu
What is the difference between ;able and ;emplate?
table is a dynamic and template is a static
When do we use 7nd:of:selection?
7nd8of8selection event are mostly used\ when we are writing B<8ABAD code. In the B<8ABAD
code4 data is retrived in the %tart8of8selection event and Drinting on the list and all will be\ done
in 7nd8of8selection event.
#n e-ents start:of:selection is default e-ent. When we ha-e to use this e-ent e8plicitly?
Why?
The default event in the ABAD is %tart8of8selection.#e have to call e;plicitely this event when
you are writing other than ths event\ 4 that is when you write AT\ %7$7!TI).8%!<77.
7F7.T% )< I.ITIA$IOATI). 7F7.T etc4you have to e;plicitely mention the %tart8of8
selection event while you are writing the logic.
Before these events called 4all the code you have written come into this default %tart8of8selection
screen event.
What is the differences between $B$& and <<$B$&. #n which situation we use
<<$B$&?
))ABAD is used to develop B%DED!'I applications and also anthing involved obHect oriented
like BAIs4 %martForms..etc.where as ABAD is used to develop traditional programs in <E-.
What is table buffer? Which type of tables used this buffer?
buffer is nothing but a memory area. table is buffered means that table information is available
on application server. when you call data from database table it will come from application
server.
transperent and pooled tables are buffered. cluster tables can not buffered.
What is the use of pretty printer ?
7;actly where can we link the functional module to abap coding.
Dretty Drinter is used to format the ABAD !ode we write in ABAD 7ditor 4like N7Y #)<% in
!apitals and remaining are in small letters which is also depend on system settings.
#e can call the function module in the ABAD !ode .Dress the Dattern button on Appl. tool bar
then u will get bo; where u write the function module .A&7 which u want to call in the code by
selecting the radio button !A$$ F'.!TI).. In this way we link function module to ABAD
!ode.
What is the difference between $& memory and $B$& memory?
Answer*A
data sending between main sessions using get parameter and set parameter is sap memory
data sending between internal sessions using import or e;port parameters is abap memory
Answer,A
sap memory is a global memory whereas abap memory is local memory.
For e;ample4 we have four programs in abap memory and assigned some varibles to a particular
program in abap memory then those varibles canVt be used by anyother program in abap memory
i.e.4 the variables are only for that program and also local to that memory4whereas sap memory
can access all the abap memory or else it can perform any kind of modifications.
Answer-A
%AD memory is available to the user during the entire terminal session.
ABAD memory is available to the user during\ life time\ of\ e;ternal session.
at is the difference between ;ype and Li5e?
Answer*A
TYD74 you assign datatype directly to the data obHect while declaring.
$IN74you assign the datatype of another obHect to the declaring data obHect. The datatype is
referenced indirectly.
Answer,A
Type is a keyword used to refer to a data type whereas $ike is a keyword used to copy the
e;isting properties of already e;isting data obHect.
Answer-A
type refers the e;isting data type
like refers the e;isting data obHect
What is ;code 71%. .or what is it used. 78plain briefly?
Answer*A
%7*( is a T8code for obHect browser.
>enerally used to search the fields of %AD Tables . and respective data.
Answer,A
se*( is a data browse and it is used to view the contents of the table and we cannot change or
append new fields to the e;isting structure of the table as we cannot view the structure level
display using the se*(
What are different $B$&10 editors? What are the differences?
The , editors are se-: and se:1 both have the abap editor in place. In se-: you can go create
programs and view online reports and basically do all thedevelopmet of obHects in this editor. In
se:1 ( obHect navigator" there are additional features such as creating packages4module pool 4
function group 4classes4 programs ( where you can create ur programs" and B%D applications .
What is difference between dialog program and a report?
<eport is a e;cecutable program
ialog is a module pool program.It has to be e;ecuted via a transaction only.
ialog programming is used for customi@ation ofscreens
)ow do you connect to the remote ser-er if you are wor5ing from the office for the client in
remote place.
#A% web application server or IT% are generally used for this purpose. If you are sitting at your
office with a server which is in the system and the other server is at the clients place you can
generate I)!4 intermidiate documents which carry the data you want to transfer or the
documents you want to transfer4 these I)! are interpretted by the system at the recieving end
with the message class with which it is bound with. If you want to logon a system which is very
distant..then remote login can be used this depends on the internet speed.
78plain about roll area @ Dispatcher@ $B$&:&rocessor.
Answer*A
<oll area is nothing but memory allocated by work process. It holds the information needed by
<E- about programs e;ecution such as value of the variables.
ispatcher AAll the re+uests that come from presentation server will be directed first to
dispatcher. Further dispatcher sends this re+uests to work process on FIF)(First In and First )ut"
basis.
Answer,A
ispatcher recieves the re+uest from client and assigns the re+uest to one of the work process.
<oll areaA 7ach workprocess works in a particular memory that memory is known as <ole Area4
which consists of 'ser conte;t and session data.
ABAD8 Drocessor Ais an interpretor which can e;ecute logic
Which one is not an e8it comand ? >78it@ cencle@ stop@ bac5?
%T)D.
7ffect AThe statement %T)D is only to be used in e;ecutable programs
7=IT.
7ffect AIf the 7=IT statement is e;ecuted outside of a loop4 it will immediately terminate the
current processing block.
BA!N.
7ffect A This statement positions the list cursor on the first position of the first line in a logical
unit.
%o U!ancleU is not an e;it command
What is .ield symbol ?
Answer*A
You can use field symbols to make the program more dynamic. In this e;ample the name of a
table control is substituted by a field symbol. Thus you cal call the form with any internal table4
using the name of the table control as a parameter.
7;ample
form insertJrow
using pJtcJname.
field8symbols Ltc9 type c;tabJcontrol. UTable control
assign (pJtcJname" to Ltc9.
5 insert *11 lines in table control
Ltc98lines S *11.
Answer,A
fieldsymbol has the same concept as pointer in c4
fieldsymbol donVt point to a data type like char4 num instead of that it points to the memory
block. the synta; for fieldsymbol is
FI7$8%Y&B)$ L.9.
7>. F)< FI7$ %Y&B)$.
ATAA AT $IN7 %Y8AT'&4
TI& $IN7 %Y8'O7IT4
!BA<(-" TYD7 ! FA$'7 VAFV.
FI7$8%Y&B)$ A LF%9.
&)F7 AT T) LF%9.
#<IT7AE LF%9.
&)F7 TI& T) LF%9.
#<IT7AE LF%9.
&)F7 !BA< T) LF%9.
#<IT7AE LF%9.
The output will be
TodayVs date
current time
What is loc5 obAect ?
$ock)bHects used to synchorni@e access of several users using same data.
Why B$&# need then BDC ?
BADIU% provide the standard interface to other applications apart from %AD and within differnt
vesions of %AD too. Also it is )) bases so dosenUt depends on screen flow. B! gets failed if
we make changes for screen changes through I&> customi@ation
What are the ad-antages and disad-antages of using -iews in $B$& programming ?
advantagesA view is used to retrieve the data very fastly from the database tables
5memory wastage is reduced
5faster than Hoins to retrieve the data from database tables
disadvantagesA
view is not a container4it will not hold the data
5view memory is not permanent memory
)ow data is stored in cluster table?
A cluster table conatins data from mulitple I! tables.
It stores data as a name value pair ( varkey4 vardata"
)a-e you used performance tuning? What maAor steps will you use for these?
First of all tunning can be done
In three waysA disk iEo 4s+l tunning 4 memory tunning4
Before tunning u have to get the status of your database using
)racle utility called statpack 4 tkprof4 then you should go for tunning
)ow to create client independent tables?
client independent tablesA
the table in which the first field is not mandt is the client independent tables
5mandt is the field with mandt as the data element
5automatically client which we login is populated to mandt
What type of user e8its ha-e you written?
there are four types
*.function e;it
,.menu i;it
-.screen e;it.
0.field e;it.
these are the user e;its
)ow can you debug a script form?
%76* 89 give the form name 89 utilities 89 activate debugger
)ow do we debug sapscript?
First we need to put Break point in Drint program where ever you want to stop the e;ecution.
After in %76* give your form name and go to 'tilities889Active e8bugger.
Then go to your transcation like FF1-(for Invoice or !redit memo" etc to see the print preview
or print the form e;ecute it.
#hen you e;ecute it the the form ebugging will get activated and you can see your Form
e;ecution step by step.
What are the different types of data dictionary obAects?
Answer*
ata ictionary )bHects
5 Tables
5 Fiews
5 omain
5 ata 7lement
5 Type >roups
5 %earch BelpsE&atchcode )bHects
5 $ock obHects
5 %tructures
5 Table Types
Answer,
the dictionary obHects areA
domain
dataelements
tables
views
structures
typegroups
search helps
lock obHects etc which are data base related obHects in sap
What is the step by step process to create a table in data dictionary?
Answer*
steps to create database tables
*.go to se**
,.give name the database table
-.give short description for the table
0.>ive delivery class name as A and data browser E table view maint as isplayEmaintenence
allowed
2.select fields tab
(.give field name data type(user defined element typeEbuilt8in8type"4short te;t
6.select technical settings tab 4give data class as appl1 and si@e category as 1
:.save it
?.go utillities menu click table contents select create and enter the field values then select display
in table contents and u can view the table values with field lables
Answer,
bottom to top approachA
JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ
step *A
creating a domainA
5se**4select the obHect type as domain 4name it 4create4description4enter the datatype and
length(si@e"4save 4activate
step,A
creating a dataelementC
se**4select the obHect type as Adate element4name it 4create4desc4assign it with a domain what we
created now4save4activate it.
step-A
creating a tableC
se**4select the obHect type as table4name it4 create4
enter the field name and assign it with the data element instead of assigning a datatype to it4
like this create re+ fieldsA
on behalf of thisA
table maintainenceA
assign the type of the table ie.4A ! > $ %
.7=T
maintainceA
allowed4not allowed 4allowed with restricions
JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ
fields of a tableA(as descripted above"
JJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJJ
techical settingsA
A1
)<
A*
A.
B'FF7<7 )< .).8B'FF7<7
Can a transparent table e8ist in data dictionary but not in the data base physically?
Answer*
.). T<A.%DA<7.T TAB$7 ) 7=I%T #ITB TB7 %A&7 %T<'!T'<7 B)TB I. TB7
I!TI).A<Y A% #7$$ A% I. TB7 ATABA%747=A!T$Y #ITB TB7 %A&7 ATA A.
FI7$%.
.o4
at the point you will activate your table a same transparent table is going to be create in database
Answer,
Yes4 a transparent table(definition" can e;ist in the data dictionary and not in the database. In this
case4 it is not activated
What are the domains and data elements?
domainsA
JJJJJJJJJJJ
domains are the dictionary obHects that are assigned with constants and data types
data elementsA
JJJJJJJJJJJJJJ
data elements are dictionary obHects that are assigned with the domains.
usesAV
5 data elements are used to create relation between tables.
5 data elements are used to transfer the data from one <E- to another <E-.
5 to create search helps.
What is a collect statement? )ow is it different from append?
ADD7. A
IT I% '%7 T) >7T TB7 <7!)< F<)& TB7 I.T7<.A$ TAB$7 B7A7< T) TB7
B)Y A<7A
IT A$$)#% 'D$I!ATI).
!)$$7!TA
IT I% '%7 T) A >7T A <7!)< F<)& B7A7< T) TB7 B)Y A<7A B'T IT #I$$
.)T A$$)# A.Y 'D$I!ATI). 7=!7DT IF TB7<7 I% A.Y .'&7<I! FI7$% IT A%
TBAT FI7$% ATA B'T .)T A% A .7# <7!)<
<n $B$&9 Did you set up a wor5flow? $re you familiar with all steps for setting up a
wor5flow?
Yes.
7;ecute the T;n %#(!reating a new #orkflow".
In the header of the #orkflow4 define the Business )bHect and 7vent you refer to for triggering
the #f.
!reate the %teps re+uired for your workflow(Activity".
Inside the Activity4 !reate the task and assign the Business )bHect and the related method for that
business obHect.
Activate the #orkflow.
#n the HselectI statement what is Egroup byF?
>roup by clause is used to fetch the data from the table by the specified field
e;.select count (5" from emptable group by deptno where deptno S *.
It is used to find the number of employees present in the specified department no.
)ow can # copy a standard table to ma5e my own ,Btable?
#7 !A. !<7AT7 A %T<'!T'<7 $IN7 TB7 %A&7 %T<'!T'<7 A% ATABA%7 TAB$7
A. #7 !A. '%7
%7$7!T5 F<)& ATABA%7 TAB$7 I.T) TAB$7 ITAB
)<
I.%7<T I.T) ITAB FA$'7% ATABA%7 TAB$7
.rom 78cel to $B$& : #s batch mode possible ?
ATA wJfile TYD7 string.
5 !onvert the file path into string
wJfile S pJinput.
5 Internal Table should have same field se+uence as 7=$ File.
!$7A< tJupload.
<7F<7%B tJupload.
5 !all function to upload the data into internal table
!A$$ F'.!TI). V>'IJ'D$)AV
7=D)<TI.>
filename S wJfile
filetype S VA%!V
hasJfieldJseparator S V=V
TAB$7%
dataJtab S tJupload
7=!7DTI).%
fileJopenJerror S *
fileJreadJerror S ,
noJbatch S -
guiJrefuseJfiletransfer S 0
invalidJtype S 2
noJauthority S (
unknownJerror S 6
badJdataJformat S :
headerJnotJallowed S ?
separatorJnotJallowed S *1
headerJtooJlong S **
unknownJdpJerror S *,
accessJdenied S *-
dpJoutJofJmemory S *0
diskJfull S *2
dpJtimeout S *(
)TB7<% S *6.
IF sy8subrc .7 1.
5 &7%%A>7 I sy8msgid TYD7 sy8msgty .'&B7< sy8msgno
5 #ITB sy8msgv* sy8msgv, sy8msgv- sy8msgv0. 7$%7.
5 elete the first row of heading from the uploaded table
7$7T7 tJupload I.7= *.
7.IF. U IF sy8subrc 73 1.
What are the layers of data description in R/3?
The external layer.
The ABAP/4 layer.
The database layer.
Define external layer?
The external layer is the plane at hich the !ser sees and interacts ith the data" that is"
the data for#at in the !ser interface. This data for#at is independent of the database
syste# !sed.
Define ABAP/4 layer?
The ABAP/4 layer describes the data for#ats !sed by the ABAP/4 processor.
Define Database layer?
The database layer describes the data for#ats !sed in the database.
What is a Data $lass?
The Data class deter#ines in hich table space the table is stored hen it is created in the
database.
What is a %i&e $ate'ory?
The %i&e cate'ory describes the probable space re(!ire#ent of the table in the database.
)o #any types of si&e cate'ories and data classes are there?
There are fi*e si&e cate'ories +,-4. and // data classes only three of hich are appropriate
for application tables0
APP1,- 2aster data +data fre(!ently accessed b!t rarely !pdated..
APP1/- Transaction data +data that is chan'ed fre(!ently..
APP13- 4r'ani&ational data +c!sto#i&in' data that is entered hen syste# is confi'!red
and then rarely chan'ed..
The other to types are0
5%R
5%R/ 6 7ntended for c!sto#er8s on de*elop#ents.
What are control tables?
The *al!es specified for the si&e cate'ory and data class are #apped to database-specific
*al!es *ia control tables.
What is the f!nction of the transport syste# and or9bench or'ani&er?
The f!nction of the transport syste# and the Wor9bench 4r'ani&er is to #ana'e any
chan'es #ade to ob:ects of the ABAP/4 De*elop#ent Wor9bench and to transport these
chan'es beteen different %AP syste#s.
What is a table pool?
A table pool +or pool. is !sed to co#bine se*eral lo'ical tables in the ABAP/4 Dictionary. The
definition of a pool consists of at least to 9ey fields and a lon' ar'!#ent field +;ARDATA..
What are pooled tables?
These are lo'ical tables" hich #!st be assi'ned to a table pool hen they are defined.
Pooled tables can be !sed to store control data +s!ch as screen se(!ences or pro'ra#
para#eters..
What is a table cl!ster?
A table cl!ster co#bines se*eral lo'ical tables in the ABAP/4 Dictionary. %e*eral lo'ical ros
fro# different cl!ster tables are bro!'ht to'ether in a sin'le physical record. The records
fro# the cl!ster tables assi'ned to a cl!ster are th!s stored in a sin'le co##on table in the
database.
)o can e access the correction and transport syste#?
<ach ti#e yo! create a ne ob:ect or chan'e an existin' ob:ect in the ABAP/4 Dictionary"
yo! branch a!to#atically to the Wor9bench 4r'ani&er or correction and transport syste#.
Which ob:ects are independent transport ob:ects?
Do#ains" Data ele#ents" Tables" Technical settin's for tables" %econdary indexes for
transparent tables" %tr!ct!res" ;ies" 2atchcode ob:ects" 2atchcode 7ds" 1oc9 ob:ects.
)o is con*ersion of data types done beteen ABAP/4 = DB layer?
$on*ersion beteen ABAP/4 data types and the database layer is done ithin the database
interface.
)o is con*ersion of data types done beteen ABAP/4 = external le*el?
$on*ersion beteen the external layer and the ABAP/4 layer is done in the %AP dialo'
#ana'er D>?P.
What are the Data types of the external layer?
A$$P" $har" $1?T" $5@>" $5RR" DAT%" D<%$" A1TP" 7?T/" 7?T3" 7?T4" 1A?B" 1$)R" 1RAW"
?52$" PR<$" C5A?" RAW" T72%" 5?7T";AR$.
What are the Data types of the ABAP/4 layer?
Possible ABAP/4 data types0
$0 $haracter.
D0 Date" for#at >>>>22DD.
A0 Aloatin'-point n!#ber in D45B1< PR<$7%74? +D bytes..
70 7nte'er.
?0 ?!#erical character strin' of arbitrary len'th.
P0 A#o!nt of co!nter field +pac9edE i#ple#entation depends on h/ platfor#..
%0 Ti#e %ta#p >>>>22DD))22%%.
;0 $haracter strin' of *ariable len'th" len'th is 'i*en in the first to bytes.
F0 )exadeci#al +binary. stora'e.
)o can e set the table spaces and extent si&es?
>o! can specify the extent si&es and the table space +physical stora'e area in the database.
in hich a transparent table is to be stored by settin' the si&e cate'ory and data class.
What is the f!nction of the correction syste#?
The correction syste# #ana'es chan'es to internal syste# co#ponents. %!ch as ob:ects of
the ABAP/4 Dictionary.
What are local ob:ects?
1ocal ob:ects +De* classGT2P. are independent of correction and transport syste#.
What is a De*elop#ent class?
Related ob:ects fro# the ABAP/4 repository are assi'ned to the sa#e de*elop#ent class.
This enables yo! to correct and transport related ob:ects as a !nit.
What is a data dictionary?
Data Dictionary is a central so!rce of data in a data #ana'e#ent syste#. 7ts #ain f!nction
is to s!pport the creation and #ana'e#ent of data definitions. 7t has details abo!t
hat data is contained?
What are the attrib!tes of the data?
What is the relationship existin' beteen the *ario!s data ele#ents?
What f!nctions does a data dictionary perfor#?
7n a data #ana'e#ent syste#" the principal f!nctions perfor#ed by the data dictionary are
2ana'e#ent of data definitions.
Pro*ision of infor#ation for e*al!ation.
%!pport for s/ de*elop#ent.
%!pport for# doc!#entation.
<ns!rin' that the data definitions are flexible and !p-to-date.
What are the feat!res of ABAP/4 Dictionary?
The #ost i#portant feat!res are0
7nte'rated to aABAP/4 De*elop#ent Wor9bench.
Acti*e in the r!nti#e en*iron#ent.
What are the !ses of the infor#ation in the Data dictionary?
The folloin' infor#ation is directly ta9en fro# the Data dictionary0
7nfor#ation on fields displayed ith A/ help.
Possible entries for fields displayed ith A4 help.
2atchcode and help *ies search !tilities.
What are the basic ob:ects of the data dictionary?
Tables
Do#ains
Data ele#ents
%tr!ct!res
Aorei'n @eys
What are the a''re'ate ob:ects in the data dictionary?
;ies
2atch codes
1oc9 ob:ects.
7n the ABAP/4 Dictionary Tables can be defined independent of the !nderlyin' database
+T/A..
Tr!e.
ABAP/4 Dictionary contains the 1o'ical definition of the table.
A field containin' c!rrency a#o!nts +data type $5RR. #!st be assi'ned to a reference table
and a reference field. <xplain.
As a reference table" a syste# containin' all the *alid c!rrencies is assi'ned or any other
table" hich contains a field ith the c!rrency 9ey for#at. This field is called as reference
field. The assi'n#ent of the field containin' c!rrency a#o!nts to the reference field is #ade
at r!nti#e. The *al!e in the reference field deter#ines the c!rrency of the a#o!nt.
A field containin' (!antity a#o!nts +data type C5A?. #!st be assi'ned to a reference table
and a reference field. <xplain?
As a reference table" a syste# table containin' all the *alid (!antity !nits is assi'ned or any
other table" hich contains a field ith the for#at or (!antity !nits +data type 5?7T.. This
field is called as reference field.
The assi'n#ent of the field containin' (!antity a#o!nts to the reference field is #ade at
r!nti#e. The *al!e in the reference field deter#ines the (!antity !nit of the a#o!nt.
What is the si'nificance of Technical settin's +specified hile creatin' a table in the data
dictionary.? By specifyin' technical settin's e can control ho database tables are created
in the database. The technical settin's allos !s to
4pti#i&e stora'e space re(!ire#ents.
Table access beha*ior.
B!fferin' re(!ired.
$han'es to entries lo''ed.
What is a Table attrib!te?
The table8s attrib!tes deter#ine ho is responsible for #aintainin' a table and hich types
of access are alloed for the table. The #ost i#portant table attrib!tes are0
Deli*ery class.
Table #aintenance alloed.
Acti*ation type.
What is the si'nificance of Deli*ery $lass?
The deli*ery class controls the de'ree to hich the %AP or the c!sto#er is responsible for
table #aintenance.
Whether %AP pro*ides the table ith or itho!t contents.
Deter#ines the table type.
Deter#ines ho the table beha*es hen it is first installed" at !p'rade" hen it is
transported" and hen a client copy is perfor#ed.
What is the #ax. no. 4f str!ct!res that can be incl!ded in a table or str!ct!re.
?ine.
What are to #ethods of #odifyin' %AP standard tables?
Append %tr!ct!res and
$!sto#i&in' 7ncl!des.
What is the difference beteen a %!bstr!ct!re and an Append %tr!ct!re?
7n case of a s!bstr!ct!re" the reference ori'inates in the table itself" in the for# of a
state#ent incl!deH.
7n case of an append str!ct!re" the table itself re#ains !nchan'ed and the reference
ori'inates in the append str!ct!re.
To ho #any tables can an append str!ct!re be assi'ned.
4ne.
7f a table that is to be extended contains a lon' field" e cannot !se append str!ct!res
hy?
1on' fields in a table #!st alays be located in the end" as the last field of the table. 7f a
table has an append str!ct!re the append line #!st also be on the last field of the table.
$an e incl!de c!sto#i&in' incl!de or an append str!ct!re ith Pooled or $l!ster tables?
?o.
What are the to ays for restrictin' the *al!e ran'e for a do#ain?
By specifyin' fixed *al!es.
By stip!latin' a *al!e table.
%tr!ct!res can contain data only d!rin' the r!nti#e of a pro'ra# +T/A.
Tr!e.
What are the a''re'ate ob:ects in the Dictionary?
;ies
2atch $ode.
1oc9 4b:ect.
What are base tables of an a''re'ate ob:ect?
The tables #a9in' !p an a''re'ate ob:ect +pri#ary and secondary. are called a''re'ate
ob:ect.
The data of a *ie is not physically stored" b!t deri*ed fro# one or #ore tables +t/f.
Tr!e.
What are the 3 other types of ;ies" hich are not alloed in Release 3.,?
%tr!ct!re ;ies.
<ntity ;ies.
What is a 2atch $ode?
2atch code is a tool to help !s to search for data records in the syste#. 2atch $odes are an
efficient and !ser-friendly search aid here 9ey of a record is !n9non.
What are the to le*els in definin' a 2atch $ode?
2atch $ode 4b:ect.
2atch $ode 7d.
What is the #ax no of #atch code 7d8s that can be defined for one 2atch code ob:ect?
A #atch code 7d is a one character 7D that can be a letter or a n!#ber.
$an e define o!r on 2atch $ode 7D8s for %AP 2atchcodes?
>es" the n!#ber , to I are reser*ed for !s to create o!r on 2atch $ode 7ds for a %AP
defined 2atchcode ob:ect.
What is an 5pdate type ith reference to a 2atch code 7D?
7f the data in one of the base tables of a #atchcode 7D chan'es" the #atchcode data has to
be !pdated. The !pdate type stip!lates hen the #atchcode is to be !pdated and ho it is
to be done. The !pdate type also specifies hich #ethod is to be !sed for B!ildin'
#atchcodes. >o! #!st specify the !pdate type hen yo! define a #atchcode 7D.
$an #atchcode ob:ect contain 7ds ith different !pdate types?
>es.
What are the !pdate types possible?
The folloin' !pdate types are possible0
5pdate type A0 The #atchcode data is !pdated asynchrono!sly to database chan'es.
5pdate type %0 The #atchcode data is !pdated synchrono!sly to database chan'es.
5pdate type P0 The #atchcode data is !pdated by the application pro'ra#.
5pdate type 70 Access to the #atchcode data is #ana'ed !sin' a database *ie.
5pdate type 10 Access to the #atchcode is achie*ed by callin' a f!nction #od!le.
What are the to different ays of b!ildin' a #atch code ob:ect?
A #atch code can be b!ilt in to different ays0
1o'ical str!ct!re0 The #atchcode data is set !p te#porarily at the #o#ent hen the
#atch code is accessed. +5pdate type 7" 9..
Physical %tr!ct!re0 The #atch code data is physically stored in a separate table in the
database. +5pdate type A" %" P..
What are the differences beteen a Database index and a #atch code?
2atch code can contain fields fro# se*eral tables hereas an index can contain fields fro#
only one table.
2atch code ob:ects can be b!ilt on transparent tables and pooled and cl!ster tables.
What is the f!nction of a Do#ain?
A do#ain describes the technical settin's of a table field.
A do#ain defines a *al!e ran'e" hich sets the per#issible data *al!es for the fields"
hich refers to this do#ain.
A sin'le do#ain can be !sed as basis for any n!#ber of fields that are identical in
str!ct!re.
$an yo! delete a do#ain" hich is bein' !sed by data ele#ents?
?o.
What are con*ersion ro!tines?
?on-standard con*ersions fro# display for#at to sap internal for#at and *ice-*ersa are
i#ple#ented ith so called con*ersion ro!tines.
What is the f!nction of a data ele#ent?
A data ele#ent describes the role played by a do#ain in a technical context. A data ele#ent
contains se#antic infor#ation.
$an a do#ain" assi'ned to a data ele#ent be chan'ed?
>es. We can do so by :!st o*erritin' the entry in the field do#ain.
$an yo! delete data ele#ent" hich is bein' !sed by table fields.
?o.
$an yo! define a field itho!t a data ele#ent?
>es. 7f yo! ant to specify no data ele#ent and therefore no do#ain for a field" yo! can
enter data type and field len'th and a short text directly in the table #aintenance.
What are n!ll *al!es?
7f the *al!e of a field in a table is !ndefined or !n9non" it is called a n!ll *al!e.
What is the difference beteen a str!ct!re and a table?
%tr!ct!res are constr!cted the al#ost the sa#e ay as tables" the only difference !sin'
that no database table is 'enerated fro# the#.
What is a *ie?
A *ie is a lo'ical *ie on one or #ore tables. A *ie on one or #ore tables i.e." the data
fro# a *ie is not act!ally physically stored instead bein' deri*ed fro# one or #ore tables.
)o #any types of ;ies are there?
Database ;ie
)elp ;ie
Pro:ection ;ie
2aintenance ;ie
What is 1oc9in'?
When to !sers si#!ltaneo!sly atte#pt to access the sa#e data record" this is
synchroni&ed by a loc9 #echanis#.
What is database !tility?
Database !tility is the interface beteen the ABAP/4 Dictionary and the !nderlyin' the %AP
syste#.
What are the basic f!nctions of Database !tility?
The basic f!nctions of database !tility are0
$reate database ob:ects.
Delete database ob:ects.
Ad:!st database ob:ects to chan'ed ABAP/4 dictionary definition.