9.19 Emilie's potter's wheel rotates with a constant 2.

25 rad/s
2
angular acceleration. After
4.0 s, the wheel has rotated through an angle of 60.0 rad. What was the angular elocit!
of the wheel at the "eginning of the 4.0 s interal#
We choose the direction of rotation of the fl!wheel to "e positie.
Then: (-o) = ot +(1/2)t
2
gies
o = (-o)/t -(1/2)t = (60rad)/4s (1/2)(2.25rad/s
2
)(4s) = 10.5 rad/s
9.26 A fl!wheel with a radius of 0.$00 m starts from rest and accelerates with a constant
angular acceleration of 0.600 rad/s
2
. %ompute the magnitude of the tangential
acceleration, the radial acceleration, and the resultant acceleration of a& a point on its rim
at the start' "& a point on its rim after it has turned through 60.0
o
' c& a point on its rim
after it has turned through (20
o
.
We have: a
rad
= r
2
and
rad
a depending on the rotation rate, it changes as the flywheel
accelerates. a
tan
= rand it is constant. Since
rad
a and
tan
a are in perpendicular
directions, the resultant acceleration is
2 2
tan rad
. a a a = +
Solve: (a) = 0 so
rad
0. a = a
tan
= r = (0.3m)(0.6rad/s
2
) = 0.18m/s
2

Hence: a = 0.18m/s
2
(b) for =( /3) :
2
=
0
+ 2 ( -
0
); since
0
= 0; then
2
= 2 ( -
0
); with a
rad
= r
2
a
rad
= r(2(-
0
)); a
rad
= 0.377m/s
2
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
0.()0 m/s 0.$** m/s 0.4() m/s a = + =
(c) for =(2 /3) : a
rad
= r(2(-
0
)); a
rad
= 0.754m/s
2
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
0.()0 m/s 0.*54 m/s 0.**5 m/s a = + =
9.28 Electric tooth"rushes can "e effectie in remoing dental pla+ue. ,ne model
consists of a head (.(0 cm in diameter that rotates "ac- and forth through a *0.0
o
angle
*600 times/minute. .he rim of the head contains a thin row of "ristles' a& What is the
aerage angular speed in each direction of the rotating head, in rad/s# "& What is the
aerage linear speed in each direction of the "ristles against the teeth# c& /sing !our own
o"serations, what is the appro0imate speed of the "ristles against !our teeth when !ou
"rush "! hand with an ordinary tooth"rush#
In one back and forth cycle the head turns through 140
o
= 2.443 rad.
(a) In ( min 60 s, = the head turns through ( )
4
*600 2.44$ rad (.)5* (0 rad. = 3
= ( /t) = (1.8573 10
4
rad)/(60s) = 310/rad/s
(b) = ( /t) = 5( /2)/(1s) = 7.9 rad/s
() ! = r = (0.0055")(#.9rad/s) = 0.04 "/s
9.$$ 1our small 0.200 -g spheres, each of which !ou can regard as a point mass, are
arranged in a s+uare 0.400 m on a side and connected "! light rods. 23ee the figure &.
1ind the moment of inertia of the s!stem a"out a& an a0is through the center of the
s+uare, perpendicular to its plane at point O' "& a"out an a0is along the line AB' c& a"out
an a0is along the line CD.
(a) Each mass is a distance
( )
2
2 0.400 m
0.400 m
2 2
=
from the axis.
4 5 6mr
2
5 420.2-g&20.4m/ 2 &
2
5 0.064 -g.m
2
(%) Each mass is a distance 0.2m from the a0is
4 5 6mr
2
5 420.2-g&20.2m&
2
5 0.0$2-g.m
2
() two masses are at a distance 20.4m/ 2 & and two masses are on the a0is7
4 5 6mr
2
5 220.2-g&20.4m/ 2 &
2
5 0.0$2 -g.m
2
9.$6 A wagon wheel is constructed as shown in the figure. .he radius of the wheel is
0.$00 m, and the rim has a mass of (.*0 -g. Each of the wheel's eight spo-es, which
come out from the center and are 0.$00 m long, has a mass of 0.220 -g. What is the
moment of inertia of the wheel a"out an a0is through its center and perpendicular to the
plane of the wheel#
The rim is a thin-walled hollow cylinder with
2
rim
I m R = and each of the 8 spokes can be
treated as a slender rod with the axis at one end, so for each spoke
2
(
spo-e $
. I m R =
& = ("r'" (
2)
) + 8)(1/$)"s*o+e (
2
, = 0.19$+-."
2
9.$8 A grinding wheel in the shape of a solid dis- is 0.200 m in diameter and has a mass
of $.0 -g. .he wheel is rotating at 2200 rpm a"out an a0is through its center' a& What is
its -inetic energ!# "& 8ow far would it hae to drop in free fall to ac+uire the same
amount of -inetic energ!#
For a solid disk and an axis through its center,
2
(
2
. I MR = K = (1/2)I
2c
where must be
in rad/s.
We also have 1rpm = (2 rad)(60s)
(a) K = (1/2)[(1/2)(3.kg)(0.1m)
2
][(2200)( (2 rad)(60s) = 397 J

(b) In free fall, gravitational potential energy mgy is converted to kinetic energy.
K mgy = and
( ) ( )
2
$9* :
($.5 m
$.00 -g 9.)0 m/s
K
y
mg
= = =

9.4$ A solid uniform $.25 -g c!linder, 65.0 cm in diameter and (2.4 cm long, is
connected to a (.50 -g weight oer two massless frictionless pulle!s as shown in the
figure. .he c!linder is free to rotate a"out an a0le through its center perpendicular to its
circular faces, and the s!stem is released from rest' a& 8ow far must the (.50 -g weight
fall "efore it reaches a speed of 2.50 m/s# "& 8ow fast is the c!linder turning at this
instant#
9.46 A "ic!cle racer is going downhill at ((.0 m/s when, to his horror, one of his 2.25 -g
wheels comes off when he is *5.0 m a"oe the foot of the hill. We can model the wheel
as a thin;walled c!linder )5.0 cm in diameter and neglect the small mass of the spo-es'
a& 8ow fast is the wheel moing when it reaches the foot of the hill if it rolled without
slipping all the wa! down# "& 8ow much total -inetic energ! does the wheel hae when
it reaches the "ottom of the hill#
The wheel has
2
, I MR = with 2.25 -g M = and 0.425 m. R = Rolling without slipping
means v
cm
= R ; = (v
cm
/R) for the wheel. Initially the wheel has v
cm,i
= 11m/s . Use
coordinates where +y is upward and 0 y = at the bottom of the hill, so
i
*5.0 m y = and
f
0. y =
Solve: (a) Conservation of energy gives
i i f f
. K U K U + = +
( )
2
2 2 2 2 2 cm ( ( ( (
cm cm cm cm 2 2 2 2
. K m I m mR m
R

= + = + =


y
y v y y
K = (1/2)mv
cm
2
+ (1/2)I
cm

2
K = mv
cm
2
K
i
= mv
cm,i
2
; K
f
= mv
cm,f
2
; U
i
= mgy
i
; U
f
= mgy
f
2
i cm, i
, K m = y
2
f cm,f
. K m = y
i i
, U mgy =
f f
0 U mgy = = so
2 2
i cm,i cm ,f
. mgy m m + = y y
hence: v
cm,f
2
= v
cm,i
2
+ gy
i
v
cm,f
= 29.3m/s
(b) K
f
= mv
cm,f
2
= 1.93 x 10
3
J
9.50 A solid uniform mar"le and a "loc- of ice, each with the same mass, start from rest
at the same height 8 a"oe the "ottom of a hill and moe down it. .he mar"le rolls
without slipping, "ut the ice slides without friction' a& 1ind the speed of each of these
o"<ects when it reaches the "ottom of the hill' "& Which o"<ect is moing faster at the
"ottom, the ice or the mar"le# c& Which o"<ect has more -inetic energ! at the "ottom, the
ice or the mar"le#