Dear readers,

This dictionary is a final product realized for the Maths and Science
for Better Understanding the World We Live in Comenius project.

Teams from 7 European schools have contribued in realizing this book:
Colegiul Auto "Traian Vuia", Romania
Liceum Oglnoksztacce Nr XVII im. Agnieszki Osieckiej, Poland
IES Miguel Romero Esteo, Spain
10 Gymnasio Larisas, Greece
Liceo Classico "Leopardi", Italy
College Du Raizet, France
Prof.Dr.Fuat Sezgin Fen Lisesi, Turkey

The Dictionary with words and expressions that are used for
Mathematics and Science provides comprehensive support to
secondary school students in scientific terminology. With over 1000 key
scientific concepts and additional related words on different topics such
as mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology this is a key dictionary
for students preparing for exams.
Maths
Definition
The first coordinate in an ordered pair. For the point (8, 2) the abscissa is 8.
English
Abscissa
Romanian
Abscisa
Polish
Odcita
Spanish
Abscisa
Greek

Italian
Ascissa
French
Abscisse
Turkish
Apsis
Definition
The distance between the number and the origin, is written |x|.
English
Absolute value of a number
Romanian
Valoarea absolut a unui nu
Polish
Warto bezwzgldna
Spanish
Valor absoluto de un nmer
Greek

Italian
Valore assoluto di un numero
French
Valeur absolue dun nombre
Turkish
Mutlak Deer
Definition
The rate of change of velocity over time. For motion along the number line, acceleration is
a scalar. For motion on a plane or through space, acceleration is a vector.
English
Acceleration
Romanian
Acceleraia
Polish
Przypieszenie
Spanish
Aceleracin
Greek

Italian
Accelerazione
French
Acclration
Turkish
vme
Definition
How close an approximation is to an actual value.
English
Accuracy
Romanian
Acuratee
Polish
Dokadno
Spanish
Precisin
Greek

Italian
Accuratezza
French
Exactitude, prcision
Turkish
Kesinlik
Page1 of 130
Definition
An angle that has measure less than 90.
English
Acute Angle
Romanian
Unghi ascuit
Polish
Kt ostry
Spanish
ngulo agudo
Greek

Italian
Angolo acuto
French
Angle aigu
Turkish
Dar A
Definition
A triangle for which all interior angles are acute.
English
Acute Triangle
Romanian
Triunghi ascuit
Polish
Trjkt rwnoboczny
Spanish
Tringulo acutngulo
Greek

Italian
Triangolo acuto
French
Triangle acutangle
Turkish
Dar Al gen
Definition
Two angles in a plane which share a common vertex and a common side but do not
overlap.
English
Adjacent Angles
Romanian
Unghiuri adiacente
Polish
Kty przylege
Spanish
ngulos adyacentes
Greek

Italian
Angoli adiacenti
French
Angles adjacents
Turkish
Komu Alar
Definition
A set of instructions used to solve a problem or obtain a desired result.
English
Algorithm
Romanian
Algoritm
Polish
Algorytm
Spanish
Algortmo
Greek

Italian
Algoritmo
French
Algorithme
Turkish
Algdritma
Page2 of 130
Definition
Two exterior angles on opposite sides of a transversal which lie on different parallel lines.
English
Alternate Exterior Angles
Romanian
Unghiuri alterne externe
Polish
Kty naprzemianlege zewn
Spanish
ngulos alternos externos
Greek

Italian
Angoli alterni esterni
French
Angles alterne-externes
Turkish
Alternatif D Alar
Definition
Two interior angles which lie on different parallel lines and on opposite sides of a
transversal.
English
Alternate Interior Angles
Romanian
Unghiuri alterne interne
Polish
Kty naprzemianlege wewn
Spanish
ngulos alternos internos
Greek

Italian
Angoli alterni interni
French
Angles alternes internes
Turkish
Alternatif Alar
Definition
The shortest distance between the base of a geometric figure and its top, whether that top
is an opposite vertex, an apex, or another base.
English
Altitude / Height
Romanian
nlime/ Adncime
Polish
Wysoko
Spanish
Altura
Greek

Italian
Altezza
French
Hauteur
Turkish
Ykseklik
Definition
Two rays sharing a common endpoint. Angles are typically measured in degrees or
radians.
English
Angle
Romanian
Unghi
Polish
Kt
Spanish
ngulo
Greek

Italian
Angolo
French
Angles
Turkish
A
Page3 of 130
Definition
Opposite the direction that the hands of a clock move.
English
Anticlockwise
Romanian
Invers acelor de ceas
Polish
Przeciwny do kierunku ruch
Spanish
Sentido opuesto a las aguja
Greek

Italian
Antiorario
French
Sens inverse des aiguilles du
ne montre
Turkish
Saat Ynnn Tersi
Definition
A function that has a given function as its derivative.
English
Antiderivative of a Function
Romanian
Primitiva unei funcii
Polish
Funkcja pierwotna
Spanish
Antiderivada de una Funci
Greek

Italian
Primitiva di una funzione
French
Primitive dune fonction
Turkish
Bir Fonksiyonun Ters Trev
Definition
The line segment from the center of a regular polygon to the midpoint of a side, or the
length of this segment.
English
Apothem
Romanian
Apotema
Polish
Apotema
Spanish
Apotema
Greek

Italian
Apotema
French
Apothme
Turkish
teet emberin Yarap
Definition
A connected section of the circumference of a circle.
English
Arc of a Circle
Romanian
Arc de cerc
Polish
uk koa
Spanish
Arco circular
Greek

Italian
Arco di cerchio
French
Arc de cercle
Turkish
Daire Yay
Page4 of 130
Definition
The number of square units that covers a closed figure.Formulas are defined to calculate
the area of regular geometric figures like square, rectangle, circle, etc.
English
Area of a figure
Romanian
Aria unei figuri
Polish
Pole figury
Spanish
Area de una figura
Greek

Italian
Area di una figura
French
Aire dune figure
Turkish
Bir eklin Alan
Definition
The most commonly used type of average. To find the arithmetic mean of a set of n
numbers, add the numbers in the set and divide the sum by n.
English
Arithmetic Mean
Romanian
Media aritmetic
Polish
rednia arytmetyczna
Spanish
Media aritmtica
Greek

Italian
Media aritmetica
French
Moyenne arithmtique
Turkish
Aritmatik Ortalama
Definition
A sequence such as 1, 5, 9, 13, which has a constant difference between terms.
English
Arithmetic Progression
Romanian
Progresie aritmetic
Polish
Cig arytmetyczny
Spanish
Progresin aritmtica
Greek

Italian
Aritmetica
French
Progression arithmtique.
Turkish
Aritmetik Dizi
Definition
Any operation * for which (a*b)*c=a*(b*c) for all values of a, b, and c.
English
Associative Operation
Romanian
Operaie asociativ
Polish
czno dziaa
Spanish
Propiedad asociativa
Greek

Italian
Associativa
French
Associativit
Turkish
Birleme zellii
Page5 of 130
Definition
A line or curve that the graph of a relation approaches more and more closely the further
the graph is followed.
English
Asymptote
Romanian
Asimptot
Polish
Asymptota
Spanish
Asntota
Greek

Italian
Asintoto
French
Asymptote
Turkish
Asimptot
Definition
The bottom of a figure. If the top is parallel to the bottom (as in a trapezoid or prism), both
the top and bottom are called bases.
English
Base
Romanian
Baza
Polish
Podstawa
Spanish
Base
Greek

Italian
Base
French
Base
Turkish
Taban
Definition
A line segment, line, or plane that divides a geometric figure into two congruent halves.
English
Bisector
Romanian
Bisectoarea
Polish
Dwusieczna
Spanish
Bisectriz
Greek

Italian
Bisettrice
French
Bissectrice
Turkish
A Ortay
Definition
The symbols [ and ].
English
Brackets
Romanian
Paranteze drepte
Polish
Nawiasy
Spanish
Corchetes
Greek

Italian
Parentesi (quadre)
French
Crochets
Turkish
Keli Parantez
Page6 of 130
Definition
The symbols {and }which are used to indicate sets.
English
Braces
Romanian
Acolade
Polish
Klamry
Spanish
Llaves
Greek

Italian
Parentesi graffe
French
Accolade
Turkish
Kme Parantezi
Definition
The numbers 1, 2, 3, . . . as well as some types of infinity. Cardinal numbers are used to
describe the number of elements in either finite or infinite sets.
English
Cardinal Numbers
Romanian
Numere cardinale
Polish
Liczebniki gwne
Spanish
Nmeros Cardinales
Greek

Italian
Numeri cardinali
French
Nombres cardinaux
Turkish
Sayma Sayla
Definition
The number of elements in a set, whether the set is finite or infinite.
English
Cardinality of a Set
Romanian
Cardinalul unuei mulimi
Polish
Moc zbioru
Spanish
Cardinalidad de una conjunt
Greek

Italian
Cardinalit di un insieme
French
Cardinal dun ensemble
Turkish
Bir dizinin eleman says
Definition
An angle in a circle with vertex at the circle's center.
English
Central Angle
Romanian
Unghi la centru
Polish
Kt rodkowy
Spanish
ngulo central
Greek

Italian
Angolo al centro
French
Angle au centre
Turkish
Merkez A
Page7 of 130
Definition
For a triangle, this is the point at which the three medians intersect. In general, the
centroid is the center of mass of a figure of uniform (constant) density.
English
Centroid
Romanian
Centrul de greutate
Polish
rodek cikoci figury geo
Spanish
Baricentro
Greek
-
Italian
Baricentro
French
Centre de gravit
Turkish
Arlk Merkezi
Definition
A line segment, ray, or line that extends from a vertex of a triangle to the opposite side.
English
Cevian
Romanian
Ceviana
Polish
Prosta Cevy
Spanish
Greek

Italian
Cevian
French
Cevian
Turkish
Kenarortay
Definition
A line segment on the interior of a circle.
English
Chord
Romanian
Coarda
Polish
Ciciwa
Spanish
Cuerda
Greek

Italian
Corda
French
Corde
Turkish
Kri
Definition
The locus of all points that are a fixed distance from a given point.
English
Circle
Romanian
Cercul
Polish
Okrg
Spanish
Crculo
Greek

Italian
Circonferenza
French
Cercle
Turkish
ember
Page8 of 130
Definition
The center of a circumcircle. For any circumscribable polygon, the circumcenter is found
at the point of intersection of the perpendicular bisectors of the sides.
English
Circumcenter
Romanian
Centrul cercului circumscris
Polish
rodek okrgu opisango
Spanish
Circuncentro
Greek

Italian
Circocentro
French
Centre du cercle circonscrit
Turkish
evrel emberin Merkezi
Definition
A circle that passes through all vertices of a plane figure and contains the entire figure in
its interior.
English
Circumcircle
Romanian
Cercul circumscris
Polish
Okrg opsiany
Spanish
Circunferencia circunscrita
Greek

Italian
Circonferenza circoscritta
French
Cercle circonscrit
Turkish
Daire
Definition
A complete circular arc. Circumference also means the distance around the the outside of
a circle.
English
Circumference
Romanian
Circumferina
Polish
Obwd
Spanish
Circunferencia
Greek

Italian
Circonferenza
French
Circonfrence
Turkish
evre
Definition
Describes a plane figure that has a circumcircle.
English
Circumscribable
Romanian
Inscriptibil
Polish
Wpisany
Spanish
Circunscribible
Greek

Italian
Inscrittibile
French
Inscriptible
Turkish
Page9 of 130
Definition
Surrounded by a circle that is as small as possible.
English
Circumscribed
Romanian
Circumscris
Polish
Opisany
Spanish
Circunscrita
Greek

Italian
Circoscritto
French
Circonscrit
Turkish
Yuvar
Definition
The direction that the hands of a clock move.
English
Clockwise
Romanian
n sensul acelor de ceas
Polish
Zgodnie z kierunkiem ruchu
Spanish
Sentido positivo
Greek

Italian
Orario
French
Sens des aiguilles dune mon
tre
Turkish
Saat Yn
Definition
An interval that contains its endpoints.
English
Closed Interval
Romanian
Interval nchis
Polish
Przedzia domknity
Spanish
Intervalo cerrado
Greek

Italian
Intervallo chiuso
French
Segment.
Turkish
Kapal Aralk
Definition
The number multiplied times a product of variables or powers of variables in a term.
English
Coefficient
Romanian
Coeficient
Polish
Wspczynnik
Spanish
Coeficiente
Greek

Italian
Coefficiente
French
Coefficient
Turkish
Katsay
Page10 of 130
Definition
Identical, one superimposed on the other. That is, two or more geometric figures that
share all points.
English
Coincident
Romanian
Coincidente
Polish
Zgodne
Spanish
Coincidente
Greek

Italian
Coincidente
French
Superposable
Turkish
Definition
Lying on the same line.
English
Collinear
Romanian
Colineare
Polish
Wspliniowy
Spanish
Colineal
Greek

Italian
Allineati
French
Colinaire
Turkish
E Dorusal
Definition
A vertical set of numbers in a matrix.
English
Column of a Matrix
Romanian
Coloana unei matrice
Polish
Wektor kolumnowy/ Wktor
Spanish
Columna de una matriz
Greek

Italian
Colonna di una matrice
French
Colonne dune matrice
Turkish
Bir Matrisin Stnu
Definition
A selection of objects from a collection. Order is irrelevant.
English
Combination
Romanian
Combinaie
Polish
czenie
Spanish
Combinacin
Greek

Italian
Combinazione
French
Combinaison
Turkish
Kombinasyon
Page11 of 130
Definition
Any operation * for which a*b=b*a for all values of a and b.
English
Commutative Operation
Romanian
Comutativ
Polish
Dziaanie przemienne
Spanish
Propiedad conmutativa
Greek

Italian
Commutativa
French
Commutativit
Turkish
Deime zellii
Definition
Two matrices with dimensions arranged so that they may be multiplied. The number of
columns of the first matrix must equal the number of rows of the second.
English
Compatible Matrices
Romanian
Matrice compatibile
Polish
Zgodne macierze
Spanish
Matrices compatibles
Greek

Italian
Matrici compatibili
French
Matrices compatibles
Turkish
Uyumlu Matrisler
Definition
The complement of an acute angle A is the angle 90 A.
English
Complement of an Angle
Romanian
Complementul unui unghi
Polish
Kt dopeniajcy
Spanish
ngulo complementario
Greek

Italian
Angolo complementare
French
Complmentaire dun angle
Turkish
Tmleyen A
Definition
The opposite of an event. That is, the set of all outcomes of an experiment that are not
included in an event. The complement of event A is written AC.
English
Complement of an Event
Romanian
Complementul unui evenim
Polish
Zdarzenie dopelniajce
Spanish
Suceso complementario
Greek

Italian
Evento complementare
French
Evnement complmentaire
Turkish
Btnleyen A
Page12 of 130
Definition
The elements not contained in a given set.
English
Complement of a Set
Romanian
Complementul unei mulimi
Polish
Dopenienie zbioru
Spanish
Conjunto complementario
Greek

Italian
Insieme complmentare
French
Complmentaire dun ensem
ble
Turkish
ermeyen
Definition
Numbers that can be written as the sum or difference of a real number and an imaginary
number. Complex numbers are indicated by the symbol C.
English
Complex Numbers
Romanian
Numere complexe
Polish
Liczby zespolone
Spanish
Nmeros complejos
Greek

Italian
Numeri complessi
French
Nombres complexes
Turkish
Karmk Saylar
Definition
A positive integer that has factors other than just 1 and the number itself. For example, 4,
6, 8, 9, 10, 12, etc. are all composite numbers. The number 1 is not composite.
English
Composite Number
Romanian
Numere compuse
Polish
Liczba zoona
Spanish
Nmeros compuestos
Greek

Italian
Numero composto
French
Nombre compos
Turkish
Bileik Say
Definition
Combining two functions by substituting one function's formula in place of each x in the
other function's formula. The composition of functions f and g is written f g.
English
Composition
Romanian
Compunerea
Polish
Skadanie
Spanish
Composicin
Greek

Italian
Composizione
French
Composition
Turkish
Bileke
Page13 of 130
Definition
A fraction which has, as part of its numerator and/or denominator, at least one other
fraction.
English
Compound Fraction
Romanian
Fracii compuse
Polish
Uamek pitrowy
Spanish
Fraccin compleja
Greek

Italian
Frazione composta
French
Fraction compose
Turkish
Bileik Kesir
Definition
Two or more inequalities taken together.
English
Compound Inequality
Romanian
Inegalitate compus
Polish
Nierwno zoona
Spanish
Composicin de inecuacion
Greek

Italian
Disuguaglianze composte
French
Ingalits composes
Turkish
Eitsizlik Sistemi
Definition
A transformation in which a figure grows smaller. Compressions may be with respect to a
point (compression of a geometric figure) or with respect to the axis of a graph
English
Compression
Romanian
Contracie
Polish
Kompresja
Spanish
Contraccin
Greek

Italian
Contrazione
French
Contraction
Turkish
Sktrma, Daralma
Definition
To figure out or evaluate.
English
Compute
Romanian
A calcula
Polish
Oblicza
Spanish
Resolver
Greek

Italian
Calcolare
French
Rsoudre
Turkish
Hesaplamak
Page14 of 130
Definition
A shape or solid which has an indentation or "cave". Formally, a geometric figure is
concave if there is at least one line segment connecting interior points which passes
English
Concave/
Romanian
Concav
Polish
Wklsy
Spanish
Cncavo. No convexo
Greek

Italian
Concavo
French
Concave
Turkish
bkey
Definition
Similar geometric figures that share a common center.
English
Concentric
Romanian
Concentric
Polish
Wsprodkowy
Spanish
Concentrico
Greek

Italian
Concentrico
French
Concentrique
Turkish
Emerkezli
Definition
Lines or curves that all intersect at a single point.
English
Concurrent
Romanian
Concurente
Polish
Rwnolegy
Spanish
Concurrente
Greek

Italian
Concorrenti
French
Concourant
Turkish
Kesien
Definition
A statement which connects two words or statements using the word and.
English
Conjunction
Romanian
Conjuncie
Polish
Koniunkcja
Spanish
Interseccin
Greek

Italian
Congiunzione
French
Conjonction
Turkish
Kesiim
Page15 of 130
Definition
A function with a connected graph.
English
Continuous Function
Romanian
Funcie continu
Polish
Funkcja ciga
Spanish
Contradiccin
Greek

Italian
Continua
French
Fonction continue
Turkish
Srekli Fonksiyon
Definition
To approach a finite limit. There are convergent limits, convergent series, convergent
sequences, and convergent improper integrals.
English
Converge
Romanian
A converge
Polish
Zbiega si
Spanish
Converger
Greek

Italian
Convergente
French
Convergence
Turkish
Yaknsamamak
Definition
Exactly equal in size and shape. Congruent sides or segments have the exact same
length. Congruent angles have the exact same measure. For any set of congruent
English
Congruent
Romanian
Congruent
Polish
Przystajcy
Spanish
Opuesto
Greek

Italian
Congruente
French
Congruence
Turkish
Eleik
Definition
A geometric figure with no indentations. Formally, a geometric figure is convex if every
line segment connecting interior points is entirely contained within the figure's interior.
English
Convex
Romanian
Convex
Polish
Wypuky
Spanish
Convexo
Greek

Italian
Convessa
French
Convexe
Turkish
Dbkey
Page16 of 130
Definition
On the coordinate plane, the pair of numbers giving the location of a point (ordered pair).
In three-dimensional coordinates, the triple of numbers giving the location of a point
English
Coordinates
Romanian
Coordonate
Polish
Para uporzdkowana
Spanish
Coordenadas.
Greek

Italian
Coordinate
French
Coordonnes
Turkish
Koordinat
Definition
Lying in the same plane.
English
Coplanar
Romanian
Coplanar
Polish
Wsppaszczyznowy
Spanish
Coplanario
Greek

Italian
Complanare
French
Coplanaire
Turkish
Dzlemsel
Definition
A special case of a more general theorem which is worth noting separately.
English
Corollary
Romanian
Corolar
Polish
Wniosek
Spanish
Corolario
Greek

Italian
Corollario
French
Corollaire
Turkish
Teoremin Sonucu
Definition
The degree to which two variables are associated.
English
Correlation
Romanian
Corelaie
Polish
Wzajemno
Spanish
Correlacin
Greek

Italian
Correlazione
French
Correlation
Turkish
Korelasyon
Page17 of 130
Definition
Two features that are situated the same way in different objects.
English
Corresponding
Romanian
Corespondent
Polish
Odpowiadajcy
Spanish
Correspondientes
Greek

Italian
Corrispondenti
French
Correspondant
Turkish
Definition
Describes the cardinality of a countably infinite set. Aleph null ( 0) is the symbol for this.
English
Countable
Romanian
Cardinalul
Polish
Policzalny
Spanish
Contables
Greek

Italian
Numerabile
French
Dnombrable
Turkish
Saylabilir
Definition
Describes a set which contains the same number of elements as the set of natural
numbers. Formally, a countably infinite set can have its elements put into one-to-one
English
Countably Infinite
Romanian
Infinit numrabil
Polish
Przeliczalny nieskoczony
Spanish
Conjunto infinito
Greek

Italian
Infinit numerabile
French
Infini dnombrable
Turkish
Saylabilir sonsuz kme
Definition
Opposite the direction that the hands of a clock move.
English
Counterclockwise
Romanian
Invers acelor de ceas
Polish
Przeciwny do kierunku ruch
Spanish
Sentido opuesto a las aguja
Greek

Italian
Orario e antiorario
French
Sens rtrograde
Turkish
Saat ynnde
Page18 of 130
Definition
An example which disproves a proposition.
English
Counterexample
Romanian
Contraexemplu
Polish
Kontrprzyklad
Spanish
Contraejemplo
Greek

Italian
Controesempio
French
Contre exemple
Turkish
Kart nerme
Definition
A way of multiplying two vectors, written u v, in which the product is another vector. The
cross product of two vectors results in a vector which is orthogonal to both the vectors
English
Cross Product
Romanian
Produs vectorial
Polish
Iloczyn wektorowy
Spanish
Producto vectorial
Greek

Italian
Prodotto vettoriale
French
Produit vectoriel
Turkish
Vektrel arpm
Definition
A regular polyhedron for which all faces are squares.
English
Cube
Romanian
Cub
Polish
Szecian
Spanish
Cubo o Hexaedro
Greek

Italian
Cubo
French
Cube
Turkish
Kp
Definition
A number that must be multiplied times itself three times to equal a given number. The
cube root of x is written
English
Cube Root
Romanian
Rdcina cubic
Polish
Pierwiastek szecienny
Spanish
Raz cbica
Greek

Italian
Radice cubica
French
Racine cubique
Turkish
Kpkk
Page19 of 130
Definition
A polyhedron for which all faces are rectangles.
English
Cuboid
Romanian
Paralelipiped
Polish
Prostopadocian prawidow
Spanish
Paralelepipedo o prisma rec
Greek

Italian
Parallelepipedo
French
Paralllpipde rectangle
Turkish
Dzgn okgen
Definition
The symbol used in the notation for partial derivatives.
English
Curly d
Romanian
Delta
Polish
Delta
Spanish
Delta
Greek
Italian
Delta
French
Delta
Turkish
Delta
Definition
A word used to indicate any path, whether actually curved or straight, closed or open. A
curve can be on a plane or in three-dimensional space (or n-dimensional space, for that
English
Curve
Romanian
Curb
Polish
Krzywa
Spanish
Curva
Greek

Italian
Curva
French
Courbe
Turkish
Eri
Definition
Sharp point on a curve. Note: Cusps are points at which functions and relations are not
differentiable.
English
Cusp
Romanian
Punct de ntoarcere
Polish
Ostrze krzywej
Spanish
Punto singular
Greek

Italian
Cuspide
French
Point Singulier
Turkish
Tepe noktas
Page20 of 130
Definition
A three-dimensional geometric figure with parallel congruent bases. The bases can be
shaped like any closed plane figure (not necessarily a circle) and must be oriented
English
Cylinder
Romanian
Cilindru
Polish
Walec
Spanish
Cilindro
Greek

Italian
Cilindro
French
Cylindre
Turkish
Silindir
Definition
A polygon with ten sides.
English
Decagon
Romanian
Decagon
Polish
Dziesiciokt
Spanish
Decgono
Greek

Italian
Decagono
French
Dcagone
Turkish
Ongen
Definition
A function with a graph that moves downward as it is followed from left to right.
English
Decreasing Function
Romanian
Funcie descresctoare
Polish
Funkcja malejca
Spanish
Funcin decreciente
Greek

Italian
Funzione decrescente
French
Fonction dcroissante
Turkish
Azalan Fonksiyon
Definition
A unit of angle measure equal to of a complete revolution. There are 360 degrees in a
circle. Degrees are indicated by the symbol.
English
Degree
Romanian
Grad
Polish
Stopie
Spanish
Grado
Greek

Italian
Grado
French
Degr
Turkish
Derece
Page21 of 130
Definition
A line segment between two points on the circle or sphere which passes through the
center.
English
Diameter of a Circle or Sphere
Romanian
Diametru
Polish
rednica
Spanish
Diametro de un circulo o un
Greek

Italian
Diametro
French
Diamtre
Turkish
ember ap
Definition
Two points directly opposite each other on a circle or sphere.
English
Diametrically Opposed
Romanian
Diametral opuse
Polish
Diametralnie przeciwstawny
Spanish
Diametralmente opuesto
Greek

Italian
Diametralmente opposte
French
Diamtralement oppos
Turkish
Simetrik noktalar
Definition
The result of subtracting two numbers or expressions.
English
Difference
Romanian
Diferena
Polish
Rnica
Spanish
Diferencia
Greek

Italian
Differenza
French
Diffrence
Turkish
Fark
Definition
A curve that is smooth and contains no discontinuities or cusps. Formally, a curve is
differentiable at all values of the domain variable(s) for which the derivative exists.
English
Differentiable
Romanian
Difereniabil
Polish
Rniczkowalny
Spanish
Diferenciable
Greek

Italian
Differenziabile
French
Diffrentiable
Turkish
Trevlenebilir
Page22 of 130
Definition
The process of finding a derivative.
English
Differentiation
Romanian
Derivare
Polish
Rniczkowanie
Spanish
Diferenciacin o derivacin
Greek

Italian
Differenziazione
French
Drivation
Turkish
Trev alma
Definition
Any of the symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 used to write numbers.
English
Digit
Romanian
Cifr
Polish
Cyfra
Spanish
Dgito
Greek

Italian
Cifra
French
Chiffre
Turkish
Rakam
Definition
An angle formed by intersecting planes.
English
Dihedral Angle
Romanian
Unghi diedru
Polish
Kt dwucienny
Spanish
ngulo diedro
Greek

Italian
Angolo diedro
French
Angle didral
Turkish
Definition
On the most basic level, this term refers to the measurements describing the size of an
object.
English
Dimensions
Romanian
Dimensiuni
Polish
Wielko
Spanish
Dilatacin de una figura geo
Greek

Italian
Dimensioni
French
Dimensions
Turkish
Page23 of 130
Definition
A relationship between two variables in which one is a constant multiple of the other. In
particular, when one variable changes the other changes in proportion to the first.
English
Direct Proportion
Romanian
Direct proporionalitate
Polish
Proporcjonalno prostej
Spanish
Proporcin directa.
Greek

Italian
Proporzionalit diretta
French
Proportionnalit
Turkish
Definition
A point at which the graph of a relation or function is not connected.
English
Discontinuity
Romanian
Discontinuitate
Polish
Niecigo
Spanish
Discontinuidad
Greek

Italian
Discontinuit
French
Discontinuit
Turkish
Definition
A set with elements that are disconnected. The set of integers is discrete. The set of real
numbers is not discrete; it is continuous.
English
Discrete
Romanian
Discret
Polish
Niecigy
Spanish
Discreto
Greek

Italian
Discreto
French
Discrt
Turkish
Definition
Events that have no outcomes in common.
English
Disjoint Events
Romanian
Evenimente disjuncte
Polish
Zdarzenie rozczne
Spanish
Sucesos disjuntos
Greek

Italian
Eventi disgiunti
French
Evnement disjoint
Turkish
Page24 of 130
Definition
Two or more sets which have no elements in common.
English
Disjoint Sets
Romanian
Mulimi disjuncte
Polish
Zbiory rozczne
Spanish
Conjuntos disjuntos
Greek

Italian
Insiemi disgiunti
French
Ensembles disjoints
Turkish
Definition
A statement which connects two other statements using the word or.
English
Disjunction
Romanian
Disjuncie
Polish
Suma logiczna
Spanish
Unin
Greek

Italian
Disgiunzione
French
Disjonction
Turkish
Definition
The union of a circle and its interior.
English
Disk
Romanian
Disc
Polish
Koo
Spanish
Disco. Circulo
Greek

Italian
Disco
French
Disque
Turkish
Definition
Different, not identical.
English
Distinct
Romanian
Distinct
Polish
Rny
Spanish
Distinto
Greek

Italian
Distinti
French
Distinct
Turkish
Page25 of 130
Definition
To multiply out the parts of an expression. Distributing is the opposite of factoring.
English
Distribute/
Romanian
A distribui
Polish
Rozwija
Spanish
Dividir
Greek
/
Italian
Distribuire
French
Distributivit
Turkish
Definition
To fail to approach a finite limit. There are divergent limits, divergent series, divergent
sequences, and divergent improper integrals.
English
Diverge
Romanian
Divergen
Polish
Odbiega
Spanish
Diverger
Greek

Italian
Divergente
French
Divergence
Turkish
Definition
A polygon with 12 sides.
English
Dodecagon
Romanian
Dodecagon
Polish
Dwuastokt
Spanish
dodecgono
Greek

Italian
Dodecagono
French
Dodcagone
Turkish
Definition
A polyhedron with 12 faces. A regular dodecahedron has faces that are all regular
pentagons.
English
Dodecahedron
Romanian
Dodecaedru
Polish
Dwunastocian
Spanish
Dodecaedro
Greek

Italian
Dodecaedro
French
Dodcahdron
Turkish
Page26 of 130
Definition
The set of values of the independent variable(s) for which a function or relation is defined.
Typically, this is the set of x-values that give rise to real y-values.
English
Domain
Romanian
Domeniu
Polish
Dziedzina
Spanish
Dominio
Greek

Italian
Dominio
French
Domaine
Turkish
Definition
Alternate terms for domain used to make it clear that the domain being referred to is not a
restricted domain.
English
Domain of Definition
Romanian
Domeniu de definiie
Polish
Okrelenie dziedziny
Spanish
Dominio de definicin
Greek
Italian
Dominio di definizione
French
Domaine de dfinition
Turkish
Definition
In two dimensions, (ai +bj)(ci +dj) =ac +bd.
English
Dot Product
Romanian
Produs scalar
Polish
Iloczyn skalarny
Spanish
Producto escalar
Greek

Italian
Prodotto scalare
French
Produit scalaire
Turkish
Definition
A root of a polynomial equation with multiplicity 2.
English
Double Root
Romanian
Rdcina dubl
Polish
Pierwiastek podwjny
Spanish
Raz doble
Greek

Italian
Radice doppia
French
Racine double
Turkish
Page27 of 130
Definition
e 2.7182818284.... is a transcendental number commonly encountered when working
with exponential models (growth, decay,and logistic models, and continuously
English
e
Romanian
e
Polish
e
Spanish
e
Greek
e
Italian
e
French
e
Turkish
Definition
A number that indicates how drawn out or attenuated a conic section is.
English
Eccentricity of a Conic Section
Romanian
Excentricitatea unei conice
Polish
Krzywa stokowa
Spanish
Excentricidad de una secci
Greek

Italian
Eccentricit di una sezione co
nica
French
Excentricit dune conique
Turkish
Definition
One of the line segments making up the framework of a polyhedron. The edges are where
the faces intersect each other.
English
Edge of a Polyhedron
Romanian
Muchia unui poliedru
Polish
Krawd wielocianu
Spanish
Arista de un poliedro
Greek

Italian
Spigolo di un poligono
French
Arte dun polyhedron
Turkish
Definition
A conic section which is essentially a stretched circle.
English
Ellipse
Romanian
Elipsa
Polish
Elipsa
Spanish
Elipse
Greek

Italian
Ellisse
French
Ellipse
Turkish
Page28 of 130
Definition
The set with no elements. The empty set can be written f or {}.
English
Empty Set/Null Set
Romanian
Mulimea vid
Polish
Zbir pusty
Spanish
Conjunto vacio
Greek

Italian
Insieme vuoto
French
Ensemble vide
Turkish
Definition
Is the state of being quantitatively the same.
English
Equality
Romanian
Egalitate
Polish
Rwno
Spanish
Rama infinita
Greek

Italian
Eguaglianza
French
Egalit
Turkish
Definition
A mathematical sentence built from expressions using one or more equal signs (=).
English
Equation
Romanian
Ecuaie
Polish
Rwnanie
Spanish
Ecuacin
Greek

Italian
Equazione
French
Equation
Turkish
Definition
A triangle with three congruent angles.
English
Equiangular Triangle
Romanian
Triunghi echiunghiular
Polish
Trjkt rwnoktny
Spanish
Tringulo equiltero
Greek

Italian
Triangolo equilangolo
French
Triangle quiangle
Turkish
Page29 of 130
Definition
Equally distant. For example, any two points on a circle are equidistant from the center.
English
Equidistant
Romanian
Echidistant
Polish
Rwnoodlegy
Spanish
Equidistante
Greek

Italian
Equidistante
French
Equidistant
Turkish
Definition
A triangle with three congruent sides.
English
Equilateral Triangle
Romanian
Triunghi echilateral
Polish
Trjkt rwnoboczny
Spanish
Tringulo equilatero
Greek

Italian
Triangolo equilater
French
Triangle quilatral
Turkish
Definition
Any relation that satisfies the reflexive, symmetric, and transitive properties.
English
Equivalence Relation
Romanian
Relaie de echivalen
Polish
Relacja rwnowanoci
Spanish
Relacin de equivalencia
Greek

Italian
Relazione di equivalenza
French
Relation dquivalence
Turkish
Definition
The line segment that passes through a triangles orthocenter, centroid, and circumcenter.
English
Euler Line
Romanian
Dreapta lui Euler
Polish
Prosta Eulera
Spanish
Segmento de euler
Greek
Euler
Italian
Retta di Eulero
French
Droite dEuler
Turkish
Page30 of 130
Definition
To figure out or compute.
English
Evaluate
Romanian
A evalua
Polish
Oszacowa
Spanish
Evaluar
Greek

Italian
Calcolare
French
Calculer
Turkish
Definition
A function with a graph that is symmetric with respect to the y-axis. A function is even if
and only if f(x) =f(x).
English
Even Function
Romanian
Funcii pare
Polish
Funkcja parzysta
Spanish
Funcin par
Greek

Italian
Funzione pari
French
Fonction paire
Turkish
Definition
An integer that is a multiple of 2.
English
Even Number
Romanian
Numere pare
Polish
Liczba parzysta
Spanish
Nmero par
Greek

Italian
Numero pari
French
Nombre pair
Turkish
Definition
A set of possible outcomes resulting from a particular experiment.
English
Event
Romanian
Eveniment
Polish
Zdarzenie
Spanish
Resultado. Solucin
Greek

Italian
Evento
French
Evnement
Turkish
Page31 of 130
Definition
To multiply out the parts of an expression. Distributing is the opposite of factoring.
English
Distribute/Expand
Romanian
A distribui
Polish
Rozdziela
Spanish
Dividir
Greek
/
Italian
Distribuire
French
Distribuer
Turkish
Definition
In the study of probability, the name given to any controlled, repeatable process.
English
Experiment
Romanian
Experiment
Polish
Dowiadczenie
Spanish
Experimento
Greek

Italian
Esperimento
French
Exprience
Turkish
Definition
Exponents are a shorthand way to show how many times a number, called the base, is
multiplied times itself. Ex: 2 in the expression x2 .
English
Exponent
Romanian
Exponent
Polish
Wykadnik
Spanish
Exponente
Greek

Italian
Esponente
French
Exposant
Turkish
Definition
Any mathematical calculation or formula combining numbers and/or variables using
sums, differences, products, quotients (including fractions), exponents, roots, logarithms,
English
Expression
Romanian
Expresie
Polish
Wyraenie
Spanish
Expresin
Greek

Italian
Espressione
French
Expression
Turkish
Page32 of 130
Definition
An angle between one side of a polygon and the extension of an adjacent side.
English
Exterior Angle of a Polygon
Romanian
Unghi exterior al unui poligo
Polish
Kt zewntrzny wielokta
Spanish
ngulo exterior de un polgo
Greek

Italian
Angolo esterno di un poligono
French
Angle extrieur dun polygone
Turkish
Definition
A solution of a simplified version of an equation that does not satisfy the original equation.
English
Extraneous Solution/ Spurious Solution
Romanian
Soluia unei versiuni simplifi
Polish
Faszywe rozwizanie
Spanish
Solucin no vlida
Greek

Italian
Soluzione estranea
French
Turkish
Definition
An extreme value of a function. In other words, the minima and maxima of a function.
Extrema may be either relative (local) or absolute (global).
English
Extremum
Romanian
Extremum
Polish
Extremum
Spanish
Extremo
Greek

Italian
Estremo
French
Extremum
Turkish
Definition
Any integer which divides evenly into a given integer.
English
Factor of an Integer
Romanian
Divizorul unui ntreg
Polish
Dzielnik liczby cakowitej
Spanish
Factor de una integral
Greek

Italian
Fattore di un intero
French
Facteur dun entier
Turkish
Page33 of 130
Definition
A structure used to find the prime factorization of a positive integer.
English
Factor Tree
Romanian
Descompunerea n factori p
Polish
Matoda drzewa
Spanish
Factorizacin
Greek

Italian
Fattorizzazione
French
Arbre des facteurs premiers.
Turkish
Definition
The product of a given integer and all smaller positive integers. The factorial of n is written
n! and is read aloud "n factorial".
English
Factorial
Romanian
Factorial
Polish
Silnia
Spanish
Factorial
Greek

Italian
Fattoriale
French
Factoriel
Turkish
Definition
A truncated cone or pyramid in which the plane cutting off the apex is parallel to the base.
English
Frustum of a Cone or Pyramid
Romanian
Trunchi de con sau piramid
Polish
Sotek city
Spanish
Caida de los cuerpos
Greek

Italian
Tronco di cono o di piramide
French
Tronc de cone ou de Pyramid
e
Turkish
Definition
The sequence of numbers 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, . . . for which the next term is found
by adding the previous two terms. This sequence is encountered in many settings, from
English
Fibonacci Sequence
Romanian
irul lui Fibonacci
Polish
Cig Fibonacciego
Spanish
Sucesin de Fibonacci
Greek
Fibonacci
Italian
Successione di Fibonacci
French
Suite de Fibonacci
Turkish
Page34 of 130
Definition
Describes a set which does not have an infinite number of elements.
English
Finite
Romanian
Finit
Polish
Skoczony
Spanish
Finito
Greek

Italian
Finito
French
Fini
Turkish
Definition
Constant. Not changing or moving.
English
Fixed
Romanian
Fixat
Polish
Stay
Spanish
Fijo. Constante
Greek

Italian
Fisso
French
Fixe
Turkish
Definition
A transformation in which a geometric figure is reflected across a line, creating a mirror
image. That line is called the axis of reflection.
English
Flip/Reflection
Romanian
Reflexia
Polish
Odbicie
Spanish
Simetra
Greek

Italian
Simmetria
French
Reflexion
Turkish
Definition
A step function of x which is the greatest integer less than or equal to x. The floor function
is written a number of different ways: by using either boldface brackets [x] or plain
English
Floor Function
Romanian
Funcia parte ntreag
Polish
Cz cakowita z liczby
Spanish
Funcin integral de una fun
Greek
Italian
Parte intera
French
Partie entire
Turkish
Page35 of 130
Definition
Two fixed points on the interior of an ellipse used in the formal definition of the curve. An
ellipse is defined as follows: For two given points, the foci, an ellipse is the locus of points
English
Foci of an Ellipse
Romanian
Focarele unei elipse
Polish
Ogniska elipsy
Spanish
Focos de la elipse
Greek

Italian
Fuochi di un ellisse
French
Foyer dune ellipse
Turkish
Definition
A special point used to construct and define a conic section. A parabola has one focus.
An ellipse has two, and so does a hyperbola. A circle can be thought of as having one
English
Focus (conic section)
Romanian
Focar
Polish
Epicentrum
Spanish
Focos
Greek

Italian
Epicentro (fuoco)
French
Foyer
Turkish
Definition
An expression used to calculate a desired result, such as a formula to find volume or a
formula to count combinations. Formulas can also be equations involving numbers and/or
English
Formula
Romanian
Formul
Polish
Wzr
Spanish
Frmula
Greek

Italian
Formula
French
Formule
Turkish
Definition
A figure that is self-similar. That is, no matter how far you zoom in on the figure, the
portion you look at is similar to the original figure.
English
Fractal
Romanian
Fractal
Polish
Fraktal
Spanish
Fractal
Greek
Fractal
Italian
Frattale
French
Fractale
Turkish
Page36 of 130
Definition
A ratio of numbers or variables. Fractions may not have denominator 0.
English
Fraction
Romanian
Fracie
Polish
Uamek
Spanish
Fraccin
Greek

Italian
Frazione
French
Fraction
Turkish
Definition
A relation for which each element of the domain corresponds to exactly one element of
the range.
English
Function
Romanian
Funcie
Polish
Funkcja
Spanish
Funcin
Greek

Italian
Funzione
French
Fonction
Turkish
Definition
A complex number of the form a +bi for which both a and b are integers.
English
Gaussian Integer
Romanian
ntreg Gaussian
Polish
Zespolona liczba cakowita
Spanish
Nmero Complejo en forma
Greek
Gauss
Italian
Intero Gaussiano
French
Entier de Gauss
Turkish
Definition
The largest integer that divides evenly into each of a given set of numbers. Often
abbreviated GCF or gcf. For example, 6 is the gcf of 30 and 18. Sometimes GCF is
English
Greatest Common Factor
Romanian
Cel mai mare divizor comun
Polish
Najwikszy wsplny dzielnik
Spanish
Maximo comn divisor
Greek

Italian
Massimo Comun Divisore
French
Plus grand diviseur commun
PGCD
Turkish
Page37 of 130
Definition
Any point, line, segment, ray, angle, polygon, curve, region, plane, surface, solid, etc.
Formally, a geometric figure is any set of points on a plane or in space.
English
Geometric Figure
Romanian
Figur geometric
Polish
Figura geometryczna
Spanish
Figuras geomtricas
Greek

Italian
Figura geometrica
French
Figure gomtrique
Turkish
Definition
A kind of average. To find the geometric mean of a set of n numbers, multiply the
numbers and then take the nth root of the product.
English
Geometric Mean
Romanian
Medie Geometric
Polish
rednia geometryczna
Spanish
Media geomtrica
Greek

Italian
Media geometrica
French
Moyenne gomtrique
Turkish
Definition
A sequence such as 2, 6, 18, 54, 162 which has a constant ratio between terms.
English
Geometric Progression
Romanian
Progresie geometric
Polish
Cig geometryczny
Spanish
Progresin geomtrica
Greek

Italian
Progressione geometrica
French
Progression gomtrique
Turkish
Definition
The greatest of all lower bounds of a set of numbers. For example, the greatest lower
bound of (5, 7) is 5. The greatest lower bound of the interval [5, 7] is also 5.
English
Greatest Lower Bound of a Set/GLB
Romanian
Marginea inferioar
Polish
Ograniczenie dolne zbioru
Spanish
Extremo inferior de un inter
Greek

Italian
Estremo inferiore di un interv
allo di numeri
French
Borne infrieure dun ensemb
le de nombres
Turkish
Page38 of 130
Definition
The number
English
Golden Mean/Golden Ratio
Romanian
Numrul de aur
Polish
Zota proporcja
Spanish
Nmero aureo. Nmero de
Greek

Italian
Numero aureo
French
Nombre dor
Turkish
Definition
A rectangle which has its ratio of length to width equal to the Golden Mean.
English
Golden Rectangle
Romanian
Patrulaterul de aur
Polish
Zoty prostokt
Spanish
Rectngulo aureo
Greek

Italian
Rettangolo aureo
French
Rectangle dor
Turkish
Definition
A spiral that can be drawn in a golden rectangle as shown below. The figure forming the
structure for the spiral is made up entirely of squares and golden rectangles.
English
Golden Spiral
Romanian
Spirala de aur
Polish
Zota spirala
Spanish
Espiral aurea.
Greek

Italian
Spirale aurea
French
Spirale dor
Turkish
Definition
The picture obtained by plotting all the points of an equation or inequality.
English
Graph of an Equation or Inequality
Romanian
Grafic
Polish
Wykres
Spanish
Grfica de una ecuacin o
Greek

Italian
Grafico
French
Graphe
Turkish
Page39 of 130
Definition
The use of graphs and/or pictures as the main technique for solving a math problem.
When a problem is solved graphically, it is common to use a graphing calculator.
English
Graphic Methods
Romanian
Metoda grafic
Polish
Metoda graficzna
Spanish
Mtodo grfico.
Greek

Italian
Metodo grafico
French
Mthodes graphiques
Turkish
Definition
The force which pulls masses towards each other. In high school math, we see this most
often as the force which pulls objects downwards.
English
Gravity
Romanian
Gravitate
Polish
Grawitacja
Spanish
Gravedad
Greek

Italian
Gravit
French
Gravit
Turkish
Definition
A circle on the surface of the sphere that shares its center with the center of the sphere. A
great circle divides the sphere in two equal hemispheres.
English
Great Circle
Romanian
Cercul Riemann
Polish
Koo wielkie
Spanish
Circulo mximo
Greek

Italian
Cerchio massimo
French
Grand cercle
Turkish
Definition
An interval that contains one endpoint but not the other.
English
Half-Closed Interval
Romanian
Interval seminchis sau sem
Polish
Przedzia jednostronnie zam
Spanish
Intervalo semi-cerrado/semi
Greek
Italian
Intervallo semi-chiuso/ interv
allo semi-aperto
French
Intervalle semi-ferm ou semi
-ouvert
Turkish
Page40 of 130
Definition
A kind of average. To find the harmonic mean of a set of n numbers, add the reciprocals
of the numbers in the set, divide the sum by n, then take the reciprocal of the result.
English
Harmonic Mean
Romanian
Media armonic
Polish
rednia harmoniczna
Spanish
Media armnica.
Greek

Italian
Media Armonica
French
Moyenne harmonique
Turkish
Definition
The sequence
English
Harmonic Progression
Romanian
Progresie armonic
Polish
Cig harmoniczny
Spanish
Progresin armnica
Greek

Italian
Progressione Armonica
French
Progression harmonique
Turkish
Definition
The shortest distance between the base of a geometric figure and its top, whether that top
is an opposite vertex, an apex, or another base.
English
Height/Altitude
Romanian
nlime/
Polish
Wysoko
Spanish
Altura
Greek

Italian
Altezza
French
Hauteur, altitude
Turkish
Definition
A curve shaped like a spring. A helix can be made by coiling a wire around the outside of
a right circular cylinder.
English
Helix
Romanian
Elice
Polish
Helisa
Spanish
Hlice
Greek

Italian
Elica
French
Hlice
Turkish
Page41 of 130
Definition
A polygon with seven sides. Some authors also use the name septagon instead of
heptagon.
English
Heptagon
Romanian
Heptagon
Polish
Siedmiokt
Spanish
Heptgono
Greek

Italian
Ettagono
French
Heptagone
Turkish
Definition
A polygon with six sides.
English
Hexagon
Romanian
Hexagon
Polish
Szeciokt
Spanish
Hexgono
Greek

Italian
Esagono
French
Hexagone
Turkish
Definition
Any polyhedron with six faces, all of which are quadrilaterals. Note: A regular hexahedron
is a cube.
English
Hexahedron
Romanian
Hexaedru
Polish
Szecian
Spanish
Hexaedro
Greek

Italian
Esaedro
French
Hexahdron
Turkish
Definition
Perfectly flat and level.
English
Horizontal
Romanian
Orizontal
Polish
Poziomy
Spanish
Horizontal
Greek

Italian
Orizzontale
French
Horizontal
Turkish
Page42 of 130
Definition
A conic section that can be thought of as an inside-out ellipse.
English
Hyperbola
Romanian
Hiperbola
Polish
Hiperbola
Spanish
Hiprbola
Greek

Italian
Iperbole
French
Hyperbole
Turkish
Definition
The side of a right triangle opposite the right angle.
English
Hypotenuse
Romanian
Ipotenuz
Polish
Przeciwprostoktna
Spanish
Hipotenusa
Greek

Italian
Ipotenusa
French
Hypotnuse
Turkish
Definition
The part of a conditional after If and before then.
English
Hypothesis
Romanian
Ipotez
Polish
Hipoteza
Spanish
Hiptesis
Greek

Italian
Ipotesi
French
Hypothse
Turkish
Definition
An equation which is true regardless of what values are substituted for any variables (if
there are any variables at all).
English
Identity (Equation or Inequality)
Romanian
Identitate
Polish
Tosamo
Spanish
Identidad
Greek

Italian
Identit
French
Identit
Turkish
Page43 of 130
Definition
The function f(x) =x. More generally, an identity function is one which does not change
the domain values at all.
English
Identity Function
Romanian
Funcia identitate
Polish
Tosamo funkcji
Spanish
Funcin identidad.
Greek

Italian
Funzione Identit
French
Fonction identit
Turkish
Definition
A square matrix which has a 1 for each element on the main diagonal and 0 for all other
elements.
English
Identity Matrix
Romanian
Matricea unitate
Polish
Macierz jednostkowa
Spanish
Matriz identidad
Greek

Italian
Matrice identit
French
Matrice identit
Turkish
Definition
A way of writing two conditionals at once: both a conditional and its converse.
English
If and only if/Biconditional
Romanian
Dac i numai dac
Polish
Wtedy i tylko wtedy
Spanish
Si y solo si
Greek

Italian
Se e solo se
French
Si et seulement si
Turkish
Definition
The coefficient of i in a complex number. For a complex number a +bi, the imaginary part
is b.
English
Imaginary Part
Romanian
Partea imaginar
Polish
Cz urojona
Spanish
Parte imaginaria
Greek

Italian
Parte Immaginaria
French
Partie imaginaire
Turkish
Page44 of 130
Definition
A fraction which has a larger numerator than denominator.
English
Improper Fraction
Romanian
Fracie supraunitar
Polish
Uamek niewciwy
Spanish
Fraccin impropia
Greek

Italian
Frazione Impropria
French
Fraction suprieur un
Turkish
Definition
A definite integral for which the integrand has a discontinuity between the bounds of
integration, or which has and/or as a bound. Improper integrals are evaluated using
English
Improper Integral
Romanian
Integrala improprie
Polish
Caka niewaciwa
Spanish
Integral impropia
Greek

Italian
Integrale Improprio
French
Intgrale impropre
Turkish
Definition
The center a polygons inscribed circle. The incenter is located at the point of intersection
of the polygon's angle bisectors.
English
Incenter
Romanian
Centrul cercului nscris
Polish
rodek okrgu wpisanego
Spanish
Incentro
Greek

Italian
Incentro
French
Centre du cercle inscrit
Turkish
Definition
The largest possible circle that can be drawn interior to a plane figure. For a polygon, a
circle is not actually inscribed unless each side of the polygon is tangent to the circle.
English
Incircle
Romanian
Cercul nscris
Polish
Okrg wpisany
Spanish
Crculo inscrito
Greek

Italian
Cerchio Inscritto
French
Cercle inscrit
Turkish
Page45 of 130
Definition
A system of equations which has no solutions.
English
Inconsistent System of Equations
Romanian
Sistem incompatibil
Polish
Sprzeczny ukad rwna
Spanish
Sistema incompatible
Greek

Italian
Sistema Impossibile
French
Systme impossible
Turkish
Definition
A function with a graph that goes up as it is followed from left to right.
English
Increasing Function
Romanian
Funcie cresctoare
Polish
Funkcja rosnca
Spanish
Funcin creciente
Greek

Italian
Funzione crescente
French
Fonction croissante
Turkish
Definition
The family of functions that have a given function as a common derivative.
English
Indefinite Integral
Romanian
Primitiva
Polish
Caka nieoznaczona
Spanish
Integral indefinida
Greek

Italian
Primitiva
French
Primitive
Turkish
Definition
Events for which the probability of any one event occurring is unaffected by the
occurrence or non-occurrence of any of the other events. Formally, A and B are
English
Independent Events
Romanian
Evenimente independente
Polish
Zdarzenie niezalene
Spanish
Sucesos independientes
Greek

Italian
Evento Indipendente
French
Evnements indpendants
Turkish
Page46 of 130
Definition
An undefined expression which can have a value if arrived at as a limit.
English
Indeterminate Expression
Romanian
Expresie nedeterminat
Polish
Wyraenie nieokrelone
Spanish
Expresin indeterminada
Greek

Italian
Espressione Indeterminata
French
Indtermine
Turkish
Definition
Proving a conjecture by assuming that the conjecture is false. If this assumption leads to
a contradiction, the original conjecture must have been true. This technique employs the
English
Indirect Proof
Romanian
Demonstraie indirect
Polish
Dowdnie wprost
Spanish
Reduccin al absurdo
Greek

Italian
Dimostrazione per assurdo
French
Dmonstration par labsurde
Turkish
Definition
A method for proving a proposition that is valid for infinitely many different values of a
variable.
English
Induction
Romanian
Inducie
Polish
Indukcja
Spanish
Induccin
Greek

Italian
Induzione
French
Induction
Turkish
Definition
A mathematical sentence built from expressions using one or more of the symbols <, >, ,
or .
English
Inequality
Romanian
Inegalitate
Polish
Nierwno
Spanish
Desigualdad
Greek

Italian
Disugualianza
French
Ingalit
Turkish
Page47 of 130
Definition
Describes a set which is not finite. Formally, a set is infinite if it can be placed in one-to-
one correspondence with a proper subset of itself.
English
Infinite
Romanian
Infinit
Polish
Nieskoczony
Spanish
Conjunto Infinito
Greek

Italian
Infinito
French
Infinie
Turkish
Definition
A limit that has an infinite result (either or ), or a limit taken as the variable
approaches (infinity) or (minus infinity). The limit can be one-sided.
English
Infinite Limit
Romanian
Limit infinit
Polish
Granica nieskoczonoci
Spanish
Lmite infinito
Greek

Italian
Limite Infinito
French
Limite infinie
Turkish
Definition
A hypothetical number that is larger than zero but smaller than any positive real number.
Although the existence of such numbers makes no sense in the real number system,
English
Infinitesimal
Romanian
Infinitezimal
Polish
Nieskoczenie may
Spanish
Infinitesimal
Greek

Italian
Infinitesimale
French
Infinitsimal
Turkish
Definition
A "number" which indicates a quantity, size, or magnitude that is larger than any real
number. The number infinity is written as a sideways eight: . Negative infinity is written
English
Infinity
Romanian
Infinit
Polish
Nieskoczono
Spanish
Infinito
Greek

Italian
Infinito
French
Infinit
Turkish
Page48 of 130
Definition
A point at which a curve changes from concave up to concave down, or vice-versa.
English
Inflection Point
Romanian
Punct de inflexiune
Polish
Punkt przegicia
Spanish
Punto de inflexin
Greek

Italian
Punto di flesso
French
Point dinflexion
Turkish
Definition
The general name for a vector product resulting in a scalar. The dot product is a simple
example.
English
Inner Product
Romanian
Produs scalar
Polish
Iloczyn skalarny
Spanish
Producto escalar
Greek
/
Italian
Prodotto Scalare
French
Produit scalaire
Turkish
Definition
The radius of a plane figure's inscribed circle. For a regular polygon, this is the same as
the apothem.
English
Inradius
Romanian
Raza cercului nscris
Polish
Promie okrgu wpisanego
Spanish
Radio inscrito
Greek
Italian
Inraggio
French
Rayon du cercle inscrit
Turkish
Definition
The rate at which an object's instantaneous velocity is changing at a particular moment.
This is found by taking the derivative of the velocity function.
English
Instantaneous Acceleration
Romanian
Acceleraie instantanee
Polish
Przyspieszenie chwilowe
Spanish
Aceleracin instantnea
Greek

Italian
Accellerazione istantanea
French
Acclration instantane
Turkish
Page49 of 130
Definition
The rate at which an object is moving at a particular moment. Same as the derivative of
the function describing the position of the object at a particular time.
English
Instantaneous Velocity
Romanian
Vitez instasntanee
Polish
Prdko chwilowa
Spanish
Velicidad instantnea
Greek

Italian
Velocit istantanea
French
Vitesse instantane
Turkish
Definition
All positive and negative whole numbers (including zero). That is, the set {... , 3, 2, 1,
0, 1, 2, 3, ...}.
English
Integers
Romanian
ntregi
Polish
Liczby cakowite
Spanish
Nmeros Enteros
Greek

Italian
Numeri interi
French
Entiers
Turkish
Definition
A function for which the definite integral exists. Piecewise continuous functions are
integrable, and so are many functions that are not piecewise continuous.
English
Integrable Function
Romanian
Funcie integrabil
Polish
Funkcja cakowalna
Spanish
Funcin integrable
Greek

Italian
Funzione integrabile
French
Fonction intgrable
Turkish
Definition
As a noun, it means the integral of a function.
English
Integral
Romanian
Integrala
Polish
Caka
Spanish
Integral
Greek

Italian
Integrale
French
Intgrale
Turkish
Page50 of 130
Definition
The function being integrated in either a definite or indefinite integral.
English
Integrand
Romanian
Integrant
Polish
Wyraenie podcakowe
Spanish
Integrando
Greek

Italian
Funzione integranda
French
Fonction intgrer
Turkish
Definition
The process of finding an integral, either a definite integral or an indefinite integral.
English
Integration
Romanian
A integra
Polish
Cakowanie
Spanish
Integracin
Greek

Italian
Integrazione
French
Intgration
Turkish
Definition
A formula used to integrate the product of two functions.
English
Integration by Parts
Romanian
A integra prin pri
Polish
Cakowanie przez czci
Spanish
Integracin por partes
Greek

Italian
Integrazione per parti
French
Intgration par parties
Turkish
Definition
An integration method that essentially involves using the chain rule in reverse.
English
Integration by Substitution
Romanian
A integra prin substituie
Polish
Cakowanie przez podstawi
Spanish
Integracin por sustitucin
Greek

Italian
Integrazione per sostituzione
French
Intgration par substitution
Turkish
Page51 of 130
Definition
The points enclosed by a geometric figure.
English
Interior
Romanian
Interior
Polish
Wewntrzny
Spanish
Punto interior
Greek

Italian
Punto interno
French
Intrieur
Turkish
Definition
An angle on the interior of a plane figure.
English
Interior Angle
Romanian
Unghi interior
Polish
Kt wewntrzny
Spanish
ngulo interior
Greek

Italian
Angolo interno
French
Angle intrieur
Turkish
Definition
The elements two or more sets have in common. Intersection is indicated by the (cap)
symbol.
English
Intersection of Sets
Romanian
Intersecia mulimilor
Polish
Iloczyn zbiorw
Spanish
Interseccin de conjuntos
Greek

Italian
Intersezione di insiemi
French
Intersection densembles
Turkish
Definition
The set of all real numbers between two given numbers. The two numbers on the ends
are the endpoints. The endpoints might or might not be included in the interval depending
English
Interval
Romanian
Interval
Polish
Przedzia
Spanish
Intervalo
Greek

Italian
Intervallo
French
Intervalle
Turkish
Page52 of 130
Definition
The function obtained by switching the x- and y-variables in a function. The inverse of
function f is written f -1.
English
Inverse Function
Romanian
Funcie invers
Polish
Funkcja odwrotna
Spanish
Funcin inversa
Greek

Italian
Funzione inversa
French
Fonction inverse
Turkish
Definition
For a square matrix A, the inverse is written A-1. When A is multiplied by A-1 the result is
the identity matrix I. Non-square matrices do not have inverses.
English
Inverse of a Matrix/Matrix Inverse
Romanian
Matrice invers
Polish
Macierz odwrotna
Spanish
Matriz inversa de un a matri
Greek

Italian
Matrice inversa
French
Matrice inverse
Turkish
Definition
A relationship between two variables in which the product is a constant. When one
variable increases the other decreases in proportion so that the product is unchanged.
English
Inverse Variation/Inverse Proportion
Romanian
Invers proporionale
Polish
Zmienno odwrotna
Spanish
Proporcionalidad inversa
Greek

Italian
Proporzione inversa
French
Variation inverse,
Turkish
Definition
A square matrix which has an inverse. A matrix is nonsingular if and only if its
determinant does not equal zero
English
Invertible Matrix/Nonsingular Matrix
Romanian
Matrice inversabil
Polish
Macierz odwracalna
Spanish
Matriz invertible/ Matriz no s
Greek

Italian
Matrice invertibile
French
Matrice inversible, matrice no
n-singulire
Turkish
Page53 of 130
Definition
An algorithm which involves repeated use of the same formula or steps. Typically, the
process begins with a starting value which is plugged into the formula. The result is then
English
Iterative Process
Romanian
Proces iterativ
Polish
Proces iteracyjny
Spanish
Proceso iterativo
Greek

Italian
Processo interativo
French
Algorithme procdure itrati
ve
Turkish
Definition
A triangle with two sides that are the same length. Formally, an isosceles triangle is a
triangle with at least two congruent sides.
English
Isosceles Triangle
Romanian
Triunghi isoscel
Polish
Trjkt rwnoramienny
Spanish
Tringulo isosceles
Greek

Italian
Triangolo isoscele
French
Triangle isocle
Turkish
Definition
The surface area of the lateral surfaces of a solid. Lateral surface area does not include
the area of the base(s).
English
Lateral Area
Romanian
Aria lateral
Polish
Pole powierzchni bocznej
Spanish
rea lateral
Greek

Italian
Area laterale
French
Aire latrale
Turkish
Definition
A technique used to evaluate limits of fractions that evaluate to the indeterminate
expressions and . This is done by finding the limit of the derivatives of the numerator and
English
L'Hospital's Rule
Romanian
Regula lui L'Hospital
Polish
Zasada L'Hospital
Spanish
Regla de LHopital
Greek
L' Hospital
Italian
Regola di de l'Hpital
French
Rgle de lHospital
Turkish
Page54 of 130
Definition
Equations relating the sines of the interior angles of a triangle and the corresponding
opposite sides.
English
Law of Sines
Romanian
Legea sinusurilor
Polish
Twierdzenie sinusw
Spanish
Teorema de los senos
Greek

Italian
Teorema del seno
French
Loi des sinus
Turkish
Definition
An equation relating the cosine of an interior angle and the lengths of the sides of a
triangle.
English
Law of Cosines
Romanian
Legea cosinusurilor
Polish
Twierdzenie cosinusw
Spanish
Teorema de los cosenos
Greek

Italian
Teorema del coseno
French
Loi des cosinus
Turkish
Definition
The smallest positive integer into which two or more integers divide evenly. For example,
24 is the LCM of 8 and 12. Sometimes the LCM is written using brackets: [8, 12] =24.
English
Least Common Multiple
Romanian
Cel mai mic multiplu comun
Polish
Najmniejsza wsplna wielok
Spanish
Mnimo comn mltiplo
Greek

Italian
Minimo comune multiplo
French
Plus petit commun multiple
Turkish
Definition
The coefficient of a polynomial's leading term. For example, 5 is the leading coefficient of
5x4 6x3 +4x 12.
English
Leading Coefficient
Romanian
Coeficient dominant
Polish
Wspczynnik przy najwys
Spanish
Coeficiente principal
Greek
Italian
Coefficente principale
French
Coefficient du monme de pl
us haut degr
Turkish
Page55 of 130
Definition
The term in a polynomial which contains the highest power of the variable. For example,
5x4 is the leading term of 5x4 6x3 +4x 12.
English
Leading Term
Romanian
Termenul dominant
Polish
Glowny termin
Spanish
Trmino principal
Greek
Italian
Termine principale
French
Terme de plus haut degr du
n polynme
Turkish
Definition
The smallest whole number that can be used as a denominator for two or more fractions.
The least common denominator is the least common multiple of the original denominators.
English
Least Common Denominator
Romanian
Cel mai mic numitor comun
Polish
Najmniejszy wsplny miano
Spanish
Mnimo comn denominado
Greek

Italian
Minimo comune denominator
e
French
Plus petit dnominateur com
mun
Turkish
Definition
The smallest of all upper bounds of a set of numbers.
English
Least Upper Bound of a Set
Romanian
Marginea inferioar a unei
Polish
Ograniczenie grne zbioru
Spanish
Cota superior
Greek

Italian
Estremo superiore di un insie
me
French
Borne infrieure dun ensemb
le
Turkish
Definition
Either of the two congruent sides of an isosceles triangle.
English
Leg of an Isosceles Triangle
Romanian
Latura triunghiului isoscel
Polish
Rami trjkta rwnoramie
Spanish
Lados iguales de un tringu
Greek

Italian
Lati congruenti di un triangolo
isoscele
French
Ct latral dun triangle isoc
le
Turkish
Page56 of 130
Definition
Either of the sides in a right triangle opposite an acute angle. The legs are the two shorter
sides of the triangle.
English
Leg of a Right Triangle
Romanian
Cateta
Polish
Rami trjkta prostoktne
Spanish
Catetos
Greek

Italian
Cateti
French
Cts de langle droit dun tri
angle rectangle
Turkish
Definition
A helping theorem. A lemma is proven true, just like a theorem, but is not interesting or
important enough to be a theorem. It is of interest only because it is a stepping stone
English
Lemma
Romanian
Lema
Polish
Lemat
Spanish
Lema
Greek

Italian
Lemma
French
Lemme
Turkish
Definition
The value that a function or expression approaches as the domain variable(s) approach a
specific value. Limits are written in the form .
English
Limit
Romanian
Limita
Polish
Limit
Spanish
Lmite
Greek

Italian
Limite
French
Limite
Turkish
Definition
The geometric figure formed by two points. A line is the straight path connecting two
points and extending beyond the points in both directions.
English
Line
Romanian
Dreapt
Polish
Prosta
Spanish
Recta
Greek

Italian
Retta
French
Ligne
Turkish
Page57 of 130
Definition
All points between two given points (including the given points themselves).
English
Line Segment/
Romanian
Segment
Polish
Odcinek
Spanish
Segmento
Greek

Italian
Segmento
French
Segment
Turkish
Definition
An equation that can be written in the form "linear polynomial =linear polynomial" or
"linear polynomial =constant".
English
Linear Equation
Romanian
Ecuaie liniar
Polish
Rwnanie liniowe
Spanish
Ecuacin lineal
Greek

Italian
Equazione lineare
French
Equation linaire
Turkish
Definition
A system of equations in which each equation is linear.
English
Linear System of Equations
Romanian
Sistem de ecuaii liniare
Polish
Ukad rwna liniowych
Spanish
Sistema de ecuaciones line
Greek

Italian
Sistema Lineare d'equazione
French
Systme linaire dquations
Turkish
Definition
A pair of adjacent angles formed by intersecting lines. Linear pairs of angles are
supplementary.
English
Linear Pair of Angles
Romanian
Unghiuri adiacente supleme
Polish
Kty przylege
Spanish
Greek
Italian
Angoli adiacenti supplementa
ri
French
Angles adjacents-supplment
aires
Turkish
Page58 of 130
Definition
A word for a set of points that forms a geometric figure or graph. For example, a circle
can be defined as the locus of points that are all the same distance from a given point.
English
Locus
Romanian
Loc geometric
Polish
Miejsce geometryczne
Spanish
Lugar geomtrico
Greek
Italian
Luogo Geometrico
French
Lieu gomtrique
Turkish
Definition
The logarithm base b of a number x is the power to which b must be raised in order to
equal x. This is written logb x.
English
Logarithm
Romanian
Logaritm
Polish
Logarytm
Spanish
Logartmo
Greek

Italian
Logaritmo
French
Logarithme
Turkish
Definition
The amount of a quantity. Magnitude is never negative.
English
Magnitude
Romanian
Norma
Polish
Modu
Spanish
Magnitud
Greek

Italian
Ordine di grandezza
French
Norme
Turkish
Definition
The elements of a matrix starting in the upper left corner and proceeding down and to the
right.
English
Main Diagonal of a Matrix
Romanian
Diagonala principal
Polish
Macierz diagonalna
Spanish
Diagonal principal de una m
Greek

Italian
Diagonale principale
French
Diagonale principale dune m
atrice
Turkish
Page59 of 130
Definition
The length of a vector.
English
Magnitude of a Vector/Norm of a Vector
Romanian
Norma unui vector
Polish
Warto bezwzgldna wekt
Spanish
Medida/norma de un vector
Greek

Italian
Norma/modulo di un vettore
French
Norme dun vecteur
Turkish
Definition
The longer of the two arcs between two points on a circle.
English
Major Arc
Romanian
Arcul mare
Polish
uk wikszy
Spanish
Arco mayor
Greek
Italian
Arco maggiore
French
Turkish
Definition
An equation or a system of equations representing real-world phenomena. Models also
represent patterns found in graphs and/or data. Usually models are not exact matches the
English
Mathematical Model
Romanian
Model matematic
Polish
Model matematyczny
Spanish
Modelo matemtico
Greek

Italian
Modello matematico
French
Modle mathmatique
Turkish
Definition
A rectangular (or square) array of numbers. Matrices can be written using brackets or
parentheses.
English
Matrix
Romanian
Matrice
Polish
Macierz
Spanish
Matriz
Greek

Italian
Matrice
French
Matrice
Turkish
Page60 of 130
Definition
Either a relative (local) maximum or an absolute (global) maximum.
English
Maximum of a Function
Romanian
Maximum-ul unei funcii
Polish
Najwiksza warto funkcji
Spanish
Mximo de una funcin
Greek

Italian
Massimo di una funzione
French
Maximum dune fonction
Turkish
Definition
Another word for average. Mean almost always refers to arithmetic mean. In certain
contexts, however, it could refer to the geometric mean, harmonic mean, or root mean
English
Mean
Romanian
Media
Polish
rednia
Spanish
Media
Greek

Italian
Media
French
Moyenne
Turkish
Definition
The size of an angle. Angles are measured in degrees or radians.
English
Measure of an Angle
Romanian
Msura unui unghi
Polish
Miara kta
Spanish
Medida de un ngulo
Greek

Italian
Misura di un angolo
French
Mesure dun angle
Turkish
Definition
The process of assigning a number to a physical property. Examples of measurement
include length, size of an angle, area, volume, mass, time, etc.
English
Measurement
Romanian
Msurarea
Polish
Pomiar
Spanish
Medicin
Greek

Italian
Misura
French
Mesure
Turkish
Page61 of 130
Definition
A line segment connecting the midpoints of the legs of a trapezoid. The median is parallel
to the bases. Note: Its length equals the arithmetic mean of the lengths of the bases.
English
Median of a Trapezoid
Romanian
Linia mijlocie a trapezului
Polish
rodkowa trapezu
Spanish
Mediana de un trapezoide
Greek

Italian
Mediana di un trapezoide
French
Mdiane dun trapze
Turkish
Definition
A line segment drawn from one vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side. Note: The
three medians of a triangle are concurrent, intersecting at the centroid.
English
Median of a Triangle
Romanian
Linia mijlocie a triunghiului
Polish
rodkowa trjkta
Spanish
Mediana de un tringulo
Greek

Italian
Mediana di un triangolo
French
Mdiane dun triangle
Turkish
Definition
The two expressions on either side of an equation.
English
Member of an Equation
Romanian
Membrul unei ecuaii
Polish
Element rnania
Spanish
Miembros de una ecuacin
Greek

Italian
Membro di un equazione
French
Membre dune quation
Turkish
Definition
Measurement of geometric figures. Includes length, angle measure, area, volume.
English
Mensuration
Romanian
Msuri
Polish
Mierzenie
Spanish
Medicin
Greek

Italian
Misurazione
French
Mesurage
Turkish
Page62 of 130
Definition
The width of the largest sub-interval in a partition.
English
Mesh of a Partition/Norm of a Partition
Romanian
Norma unei partiii
Polish
Dugo najduszego podpr
Spanish
Medida/norma de una partic
Greek
Italian
Norma di una partizione
French
Turkish
Definition
The point halfway between two given points.
English
Midpoint
Romanian
Mijlocul
Polish
rodek
Spanish
Punto medio
Greek

Italian
Punto medio
French
Milieu
Turkish
Definition
The shorter of the two arcs between two points on a circle.
English
Minor Arc
Romanian
Arcul mic
Polish
uk okrgu mniejszy od p
Spanish
Arco menor
Greek
Italian
Arco minore
French
Turkish
Definition
A unit of angle measure equal to of a degree. There are 60 minutes in one degree.
Minutes are indicated using the ' symbol.
English
Minute
Romanian
Minutul
Polish
Minuta ktowa
Spanish
Minuto
Greek

Italian
Minuto
French
Minute
Turkish
Page63 of 130
Definition
A one-sided surface . A model of a Mbius strip model can be made by taking a strip of
paper and taping the two ends together with a half-turn in the middle.
English
Moebius Strip
Romanian
Banda lui Moebius
Polish
Wstga Mbiusa
Spanish
Cinta de Moebius
Greek
Italian
Nastro di Mobius
French
Bande de Mobius
Turkish
Definition
Regular addition, subtraction, and multiplication, but with the answer given modulo n.
English
Modular Arithmetic
Romanian
Aritmetic modular
Polish
Modu arytmetyczny
Spanish
Aritmtica modulo n
Greek
Italian
Aritmetica modulare
French
Arithmtique modulaire
Turkish
Definition
Two integers are equivalent mod n if they leave the same remainder when divided by n.
English
Modular Equivalence
Romanian
Echivalente in modulo
Polish
Rwnowano moduowa
Spanish
Equivalencia mdulo n
Greek
Italian
Equivalenza in modulo
French
Congruence
Turkish
Definition
The distance between a complex number and the origin on the complex plane. The
absolute value of a +bi is written |a +bi|, and the formula for |a +bi| is
English
Absolute Value of a Complex Number
Romanian
Modulul unui numr comple
Polish
Warto bezwzgldna (mod
Spanish
Mdulo de un nmero comp
Greek

Italian
Modulo di un numero comple
sso
French
Module dun nombre complex
e
Turkish
Page64 of 130
Definition
A number indicating the degree to which a figure tends to balance on a given line (axis). A
moment of zero indicates perfect balance, and a large moment indicates a strong
English
Moment
Romanian
Moment
Polish
Moment
Spanish
Momento
Greek

Italian
Momento
French
Moment
Turkish
Definition
A polynomial with one term.
English
Monomial
Romanian
Monom
Polish
J ednomian
Spanish
Monomio
Greek

Italian
Monomio
French
Monme
Turkish
Definition
How many times a particular number is a zero for a given polynomial.
English
Multiplicity
Romanian
Multiplicitate
Polish
Krotno
Spanish
Multiplicidad
Greek
Italian
Molteplicit
French
Multiplicit
Turkish
Definition
An adjective describing any problem that uses more than one variable.
English
Multivariable/Multivariate
Romanian
Mai multe variabile
Polish
Wielowymiarowy
Spanish
Multivariable
Greek
Italian
Multivariabile
French
Multivariable
Turkish
Page65 of 130
Definition
The logarithm base e of a number. That is, the power of e necessary to equal a given
number. The natural logarithm of x is written ln x.
English
Natural Logarithm
Romanian
Logaritm natural
Polish
Logarytm naturalny
Spanish
Logartmo natural o neperia
Greek

Italian
Logaritmo naturale
French
Logarithme nprien
Turkish
Definition
A neighborhood of a number a is any open interval containing a. One common notation
for a neighborhood of a is {x: |x a| < }. Using interval notation this would be (a , a +
English
Neighborhood
Romanian
Vecintate
Polish
Otoczenie liczby
Spanish
Entorno
Greek
Italian
Intorno
French
Voisinage
Turkish
Definition
A polygon with n sides.
English
n-gon
Romanian
n-gon
Polish
n-kt
Spanish
n-agono
Greek
-
Italian
N-agono
French
n-gons
Turkish
Definition
The "slope" of a vertical line. A vertical line has undefined slope because all points on the
line have the same x-coordinate.
English
No Slope/Undefined Slope
Romanian
Pant nedefinit
Polish
Nachylenie niokrelone
Spanish
Pendiente
Greek
Italian
Pendenza infinita
French
Pente infinie
Turkish
Page66 of 130
Definition
A polygon with nine sides.
English
Nonagon
Romanian
Eneagon
Polish
Dziewiciokt
Spanish
Eneagono
Greek

Italian
Ennagono
French
Nonagone
Turkish
Definition
Points that do not all lie on a single line.
English
Noncollinear
Romanian
Necolinear
Polish
Niewspliniowy
Spanish
No colineales, no alineados
Greek
Italian
Non allineati
French
Non colinaire
Turkish
Definition
A shape or solid which has an indentation or "cave". Formally, a geometric figure is
concave if there is at least one line segment connecting interior points which passes
English
Non-Convex
Romanian
Neconvex
Polish
Niewypuky
Spanish
Cncavo
Greek

Italian
Concavo
French
Non convexe
Turkish
Definition
A square matrix which does not have an inverse. A matrix is singular if and only if its
determinant is zero.
English
Noninvertible Matrix/Singular Matrix
Romanian
Matrice neinversabil
Polish
Macierz osobliwa
Spanish
Matriz singular
Greek

Italian
Matrice singolare
French
Matrice non inversible
Turkish
Page67 of 130
Definition
A solution or example that is not trivial. Often, solutions or examples involving the number
zero are considered trivial. Nonzero solutions or examples are considered nontrivial.
English
Nontrivial
Romanian
Netrivial
Polish
Nie trywialny
Spanish
No trivial
Greek

Italian
Non banale
French
Non triviale
Turkish
Definition
At a 90 angle. Note: Perpendicular lines have slopes that are negative reciprocals.
English
Normal/Perpendicular/Orthogonal
Romanian
Normala/ Perpendiculara/ O
Polish
Prostopada
Spanish
Normal/ perpendicular/ orto
Greek

Italian
Normale/perpendicolare/ortog
onale
French
Droite normale, perpendiculai
re, orthogonale
Turkish
Definition
For a given vector, the process of finding a unit vector which is parallel to it. This is done
by dividing the given vector by its magnitude.
English
Normalize a Vector/Normalizing a Vector
Romanian
Normarea unui vector
Polish
Wektor jednostkowy
Spanish
Vector normalizado/vector o
Greek

Italian
Normalizzazione di un vettore
French
Normalisation dun vecteur
Turkish
Definition
The sum of the first n terms of an infinite series.
English
nth Partial Sum
Romanian
Suma primilor n termeni
Polish
Suma pocztkowych wyraz
Spanish
Suma parcial de n trminos
Greek

Italian
N-esima somma parziale
French
Nme somme partielle
Turkish
Page68 of 130
Definition
The number that must be multiplied times itself n times to equal a given value. The nth
root of x is written
English
nth Root
Romanian
Radical de ordin n
Polish
Pierwiastek
Spanish
Raiz n-sima
Greek

Italian
Radice n-esima
French
Racine n-ime
Turkish
Definition
An approximation of a function using terms from the function's Taylor series. An nth
degree Taylor polynomial uses all the Taylor series terms up to and including the term
English
nth Degree Taylor Polynomial
Romanian
Polinomul lui Taylor
Polish
Stopie wielomian Taylora
Spanish
Polinomio de Taylor
Greek
Taylor
Italian
Polinomio di Taylor
French
Polynme de Taylor de degr
n
Turkish
Definition
A line representing the set of all real numbers. The number line is typically marked
showing integer values.
English
Number Line
Romanian
Dreapta numerelor reale
Polish
O liczbowa
Spanish
Recta real
Greek
-
Italian
Retta dei numeri
French
Droite relle
Turkish
Definition
The top part of a fraction.
English
Numerator
Romanian
Numrtor
Polish
Licznik
Spanish
numerador
Greek

Italian
Numeratore
French
Numrateur
Turkish
Page69 of 130
Definition
Tilted at an angle; neither vertical nor horizontal.
English
Oblique
Romanian
Oblic
Polish
Kt nie bdcy wielokrotno
Spanish
Oblicuo
Greek
Italian
Obliquo
French
Oblique
Turkish
Definition
An angle that has measure more than 90 and less than 180.
English
Obtuse Angle
Romanian
Unghi obtuz
Polish
Kt rozwarty
Spanish
ngulo obtuso
Greek

Italian
Angolo ottuso
French
Angle obtus
Turkish
Definition
A triangle which has an obtuse angle as one of its interior angles.
English
Obtuse Triangle
Romanian
Triunghi obtuzunghic
Polish
Trjkt rozwartoktny
Spanish
Tringulo obtuso
Greek

Italian
Triangolo ottusangolo
French
Turkish
Definition
A polygon with eight sides.
English
Octagon
Romanian
Octogon
Polish
Omiokt
Spanish
Octogono
Greek

Italian
Ottagono
French
Octogone
Turkish
Page70 of 130
Definition
A function with a graph that is symmetric with respect to the origin. A function is odd if
and only if f(x) =f(x).
English
Odd Function
Romanian
Funcie impar
Polish
Funkcja nieparzysta
Spanish
Funcin impar
Greek

Italian
Funzione dispari
French
Fonction impaire
Turkish
Definition
An integer that is not a multiple of 2. The odd numbers are {. . . , 3, 1, 1, 3, 5, . . . }.
English
Odd Number
Romanian
Numr impar
Polish
Liczba nieparzysta
Spanish
Nmero impar
Greek

Italian
Numero dispari
French
Nombre impair
Turkish
Definition
Either a limit from the left or a limit from the right.
English
One-Sided Limit
Romanian
Limit la stnga/ dreapta
Polish
Granica jednostronna
Spanish
Lmite lateral
Greek
Italian
Limite destro/sinitro
French
Limite droite/gauche
Turkish
Definition
A function for which every element of the range of the function corresponds to exactly one
element of the domain. One-to-one is often written 1-1.
English
One-to-One Function
Romanian
Funcie injectiv
Polish
Funkcja rnowartociowa
Spanish
Funcin uno a uno
Greek

Italian
Funzione iniettiva
French
Fonction injective
Turkish
Page71 of 130
Definition
An interval that does not contain its endpoints.
English
Open Interval
Romanian
Interval deschis
Polish
Przedzia otwarty
Spanish
Intervalo abierto
Greek

Italian
Intervallo aperto
French
Intervalle ouvert
Turkish
Definition
Numerical words that indicate order. The ordinal numbers are: first, second, third, fourth,
etc.
English
Ordinal Numbers
Romanian
Numere ordinale
Polish
Liczby porzdkowe
Spanish
Nmeros ordinales
Greek

Italian
Numeri ordinali
French
Nombres ordinaux
Turkish
Definition
The y-coordinate in a point (x, y).
English
Ordinate
Romanian
Ordonata
Polish
Rzdna
Spanish
Ordenada
Greek

Italian
Ordinata
French
Ordonne
Turkish
Definition
On the coordinate plane, the point (0, 0). That is, the point of intersection of the x- and y-
axes. On a number line, the origin is the 0 point. In three dimensions, the origin is the
English
Origin
Romanian
Originea
Polish
Pocztek ukadu wsprzd
Spanish
Origen
Greek

Italian
Origine
French
Origine
Turkish
Page72 of 130
Definition
The point at which the three (possibly extended) altitudes of a triangle intersect. The
orthocenter is one of the centers of a triangle.
English
Orthocenter
Romanian
Ortocentru
Polish
Ortocentrum
Spanish
Ortocentro
Greek

Italian
Ortocentro
French
Orthocentre
Turkish
Definition
A single, specific possible result of an experiment.
English
Outcome
Romanian
Rezultat
Polish
Rezultat
Spanish
Resultado
Greek

Italian
Risultato
French
Rsultats
Turkish
Definition
An egg-shaped curve. Note: An oval is not the same as an ellipse.
English
Oval
Romanian
Oval
Polish
Owal
Spanish
Oval
Greek

Italian
Ovale
French
Ovale
Turkish
Definition
A linear system of equations in which there are more equations than there are variables.
For example, a system with three equations and only two unknowns is overdetermined.
English
Overdetermined System of Equations
Romanian
Sistem de ecuaii
Polish
Nieoznaczony ukad rwna
Spanish
Sistemas de ecuaciones co
Greek
Italian
Sistema sovradeterminato di
equazioni
French
Systme li
Turkish
Page73 of 130
Definition
A u-shaped curve with certain specific properties. Formally, a parabola is defined as
follows: For a given point, called the focus, and a given line not through the focus, called
English
Parabola
Romanian
Parabola
Polish
Parabola
Spanish
Parabola
Greek

Italian
Parabola
French
Parabole
Turkish
Definition
Two distinct coplanar lines that do not intersect. Note: Parallel lines have the same slope.
English
Parallel Lines
Romanian
Drepte paralele
Polish
Linie rwnolege
Spanish
Rectas paralelas
Greek

Italian
Linee Parallele
French
Droites parallles
Turkish
Definition
Two distinct planes that do not intersect.
English
Parallel Planes
Romanian
Plane paralele
Polish
Paszczyzny rwnolege
Spanish
Planos paralelos
Greek

Italian
Piani Paralleli
French
Plans parallles
Turkish
Definition
A polyhedron with six faces, all of which are parallelograms.
English
Parallelepiped
Romanian
Paralelipiped
Polish
rwnolegocian
Spanish
Paraleleppedos
Greek

Italian
Parallelepipedo
French
Paralllpipde
Turkish
Page74 of 130
Definition
A quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides.
English
Parallelogram
Romanian
Paralelogram
Polish
rwnolegobok
Spanish
Paralelogramo
Greek

Italian
Parallelogramma
French
Paralllogramme
Turkish
Definition
The independent variable or variables in a set of parametric equations.
English
Parameter (algebra)
Romanian
Parametru
Polish
parametr
Spanish
Parmetro
Greek

Italian
Parametro
French
Paramtre
Turkish
Definition
The symbols ( and ).
English
Parentheses
Romanian
Paranteze
Polish
nawiasy
Spanish
Parntesis
Greek

Italian
Parentesi
French
Parenthse
Turkish
Definition
A derivative of a function that has more than one independent variable. Partial derivatives
are found by treating one independent variable as a variable and the rest as constants.
English
Partial Derivative
Romanian
Derivat parial
Polish
Pochodna czstkowa
Spanish
Derivada Parcial
Greek

Italian
Derivata parziale
French
Drive partielle
Turkish
Page75 of 130
Definition
The sum of a finite number of terms of a series.
English
Partial Sum of a Series
Romanian
Suma parial a unei serii
Polish
Suma czciowa
Spanish
Suma Parcial
Greek

Italian
Somma parziale
French
Somme partielle dune srie
Turkish
Definition
A division of an interval into a finite number of sub-intervals. Specifically, the partition
itself is the set of endpoints of each of the sub-intervals.
English
Partition of an Interval
Romanian
Partiia unui interval
Polish
Podzia przedziau
Spanish
Greek

Italian
Partizione di un integrale
French
Partition dun intervalle
Turkish
Definition
Rewriting a positive integer as the sum of smaller positive integers.
English
Partition of a Positive Integer
Romanian
Descompunerea unui num
Polish
Przedstwienie liczby calkowi
Spanish
Particin de un nmero ent
Greek

Italian
Partizione di un numero inter
o positivo
French
Dcomposition dun entier po
sitif en somme dentier positif
Turkish
Definition
A collection of disjoint subsets of a given set. The union of the subsets must equal the
entire original set.
English
Partition of a Set
Romanian
Partiia unei mulimi
Polish
Podzia zbioru
Spanish
Particin de un conjunto
Greek

Italian
Partizione di un insieme
French
Partition dun ensemble
Turkish
Page76 of 130
Definition
A polygon with five sides.
English
Pentagon
Romanian
Pentagon
Polish
Piciokt
Spanish
Pentgono
Greek

Italian
Pentagono
French
Pentagone
Turkish
Definition
Per year.
English
Per Annum
Romanian
Pe an
Polish
Roczne (oprocentowanie)
Spanish
Greek

Italian
Per anno
French
Par anne
Turkish
Definition
A number n for which the sum of all the positive integer factors of n which are less than n
add up to n
English
Perfect Number
Romanian
Numr perfect
Polish
Liczba doskonaa
Spanish
Nmero Perfecto
Greek

Italian
Numero Perfetto
French
Nombre parfait
Turkish
Definition
Any number that is the square of a rational number.
English
Perfect Square
Romanian
Ptrat perfect
Polish
Liczba bdca kwadratem j
Spanish
Raiz perfecto
Greek

Italian
Quadrato perfetto
French
Carr parfait
Turkish
Page77 of 130
Definition
The distance around the outside of a plane figure. For a polygon, the perimeter is the sum
of the lengths of the sides.
English
Perimeter
Romanian
Perimetrul
Polish
Obwd
Spanish
Permetro
Greek

Italian
Perimetro
French
Primtre
Turkish
Definition
The horizontal distance required for the graph of a periodic function to complete one
cycle. Formally, a function f is periodic if there exists a number p such that f(x +p) =f(x)
English
Period of a Periodic Function
Romanian
Perioada unei funcii periodi
Polish
Okres funkcji
Spanish
Periodo
Greek

Italian
Periodo
French
Priode dune fonction priodi
que
Turkish
Definition
A selection of objects in which the order of the objects matters.
English
Permutation
Romanian
Permutare
Polish
Permutacja
Spanish
Permutacin
Greek

Italian
Permutazione
French
Permutation
Turkish
Definition
The line perpendicular to a segment passing through the segment's midpoint.
English
Perpendicular Bisector
Romanian
Mediatoare
Polish
Symetralna
Spanish
Mediatriz
Greek

Italian
Bisettrice perpendicolare
French
Mdiatrice
Turkish
Page78 of 130
Definition
The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter. Pi is written and is a
transcendental number.
English
Pi
Romanian
Pi
Polish
Pi
Spanish
Pi
Greek

Italian
Pi (greco)
French
Pi
Turkish
Definition
3.14159 26535 89793...
English
Romanian
Polish
Spanish
Greek
Italian
French
Turkish
Definition
A function made up of a finite number of continuous pieces. Piecewise continuous
functions may not have vertical asymptotes. In fact, the only possible types of
English
Piecewise Continuous Function
Romanian
Funcie continu pe poriuni
Polish
Funkcja kawakami ciga
Spanish
Funcin contnua a trozos
Greek

Italian
Funzione continua a tratti
French
Fonction continue par morce
aux
Turkish
Definition
A function that uses different formulas for different parts of its domain.
English
Piecewise Function
Romanian
Funcie definit pe poriuni
Polish
Odcinek funkcji
Spanish
Funcin a trozos
Greek

Italian
Funzione definita a tratti
French
Fonction dfinie par morceau
x
Turkish
Page79 of 130
Definition
A theorem which allows the computation of the limit of an expression by trapping the
expression between two other expressions which have limits that are easier to compute.
English
Pinching Theorem
Romanian
Teorema cletelui
Polish
Twierdzenie o trzech cigac
Spanish
Greek

Italian
Teorema del confronto/ teore
ma dei due carabinieri
French
Thorme des Gendarmes
Turkish
Definition
A flat surface extending in all directions. A plane is a two-dimensional figure.
English
Plane
Romanian
Plan
Polish
Paszczyzna
Spanish
Plano
Greek

Italian
Piano
French
Plan
Turkish
Definition
The solids which have faces that are all congruent regular polygons and which has
dihedral angles that are all congruent.
English
Platonic Solids
Romanian
Poliedre regulate
Polish
Wielocian foremny
Spanish
Poliedro regular
Greek

Italian
Poliedro regolare
French
Solides de Platon
Turkish
Definition
There are only five possible shapes for a regular polyhedron: regular tetrahedron, cube,
octahedron, dodecahedron, and icosahedron.
English
Regular Polyhedra
Romanian
Polish
Spanish
Greek
Italian
French
Polydre rgulier
Turkish
Page80 of 130
Definition
The geometric figure formed at the intersection of two distinct lines.
English
Point
Romanian
Punct
Polish
punkt
Spanish
Punto
Greek

Italian
Punto
French
Point
Turkish
Definition
A special center point for certain kinds of symmetric figures or graphs. If a figure or graph
can be rotated 180 about a point P and end up looking identical to the original, then P is
English
Point of Symmetry
Romanian
Punct de simetrie
Polish
Punkt symetrii
Spanish
Punto de simetra
Greek

Italian
Punto di Simmetria
French
Centre de symtrie
Turkish
Definition
A closed plane figure for which all sides are line segments. The name of a polygon
describes the number of sides. A polygon which has all sides mutually congruent and all
English
Polygon
Romanian
Poligon
Polish
Wielokt
Spanish
Poligono
Greek

Italian
Poligono
French
Polygone
Turkish
Definition
A solid with no curved surfaces or edges. All faces are polygons and all edges are line
segments.
English
Polyhedron
Romanian
Poliedru
Polish
Wielocian
Spanish
Poliedro
Greek

Italian
Poliedro
French
Polydre
Turkish
Page81 of 130
Definition
The elements not contained in a given set.
English
Complement of a Set
Romanian
Complementara unei muli
Polish
Dopenienie zbioru
Spanish
Complementario de un conj
Greek

Italian
Insieme complementare
French
Complmentaire dun ensem
ble
Turkish
Definition
The inverse function of tangent.
English
Inverse Tangent
Romanian
Inversa tangentei
Polish
Arcus tangens (arctg)
Spanish
Arcotangente
Greek
,
Italian
Tangente inversa
French
Tangente inverse
Turkish
Definition
A theorem relating the way two cevians of a triangle divide each other and two of the
triangle's sides.
English
Menelauss Theorem
Romanian
Teorema lui Menelaus
Polish
Twierdzenie Menelaosa
Spanish
Teorema de Menelaos
Greek

Italian
Teorema di Menelao
French
Thorme de Mnlas
Turkish
Definition
A linear asymptote that is neither horizontal nor vertical.
English
Oblique Asymptote
Romanian
Asimptota oblic
Polish
Asymptota ukona
Spanish
Asintota oblicua
Greek

Italian
Asintoto obliquo
French
Asymptote oblique
Turkish
Page82 of 130
Definition
A method for finding the volume of a solid of revolution. The volume equals the product of
the area of the region being rotated times the distance traveled by the centroid of the
English
Pappuss Theorem
Romanian
Teorema lui Pappus
Polish
Twierdzenie Pappusa
Spanish
Teorema de Pappus
Greek

Italian
Teorema di Pappo
French
Thorme de Pappus
Turkish
Definition
The sum or difference of terms which have variables raised to positive integer powers and
which have coefficients that may be real or complex.
English
Polynomial
Romanian
Polinom
Polish
Wielomian
Spanish
Polinomio
Greek

Italian
Polinomio
French
Polynme
Turkish
Definition
A method used to divide polynomials. Polynomial long division is essentially the same as
long division for numbers. This method can be used to write an improper rational
English
Polynomial Long Division
Romanian
Descompunerea polinoamel
Polish
Dzilenie wielomianu przez w
Spanish
Divisin Polinmica
Greek
Italian
Divisione dei polinomi
French
Division euclidienne des poly
nmes
Turkish
Definition
The entire set of cases or individuals under consideration in a statistical analysis.
English
Population
Romanian
Eantion
Polish
Zbir
Spanish
Poblacin
Greek

Italian
Popolazione
French
Population
Turkish
Page83 of 130
Definition
A way of describing the scatterplot of positively associated data.
English
Positive Direction
Romanian
Sens pozitiv
Polish
Dodatni kierunek
Spanish
Sentido positivo
Greek

Italian
Senso positivo
French
Sens positif
Turkish
Definition
A real number greater than zero. Zero itself is not positive.
English
Positive Number
Romanian
Numr pozitiv
Polish
Liczba dodatnia
Spanish
Nmero Positivo
Greek

Italian
Numero Positivo
French
Nombres positifs
Turkish
Definition
A statement accepted as true without proof. A postulate should be so simple and direct
that it seems to be unquestionably true.
English
Postulate
Romanian
Postulat
Polish
Postulat / Aksjomat
Spanish
Postulado
Greek

Italian
Postulato
French
Postulat
Turkish
Definition
The result of raising a base to an exponent.
English
Power
Romanian
Putere
Polish
Potga
Spanish
Potencia
Greek

Italian
Potenza
French
Puissance
Turkish
Page84 of 130
Definition
Writing an integer as a product of powers of prime numbers.
English
Prime Factorization
Romanian
Descompunere n produs d
Polish
Rozkad na czynniki pierwsz
Spanish
Descomposicin en nmero
Greek

Italian
Prima fattorizzazione
French
Dcomposition en produit de
facteurs premiers
Turkish
Definition
A positive integer which has only 1 and the number itself as factors.
English
Prime Number
Romanian
Numere prime
Polish
Liczba pierwsza
Spanish
Nmeros primos
Greek

Italian
Numero primo
French
Nombre premier
Turkish
Definition
A solid with parallel congruent bases which are both polygons. The bases must be
oriented identically. The lateral faces of a prism are all parallelograms or rectangles.
English
Prism
Romanian
Prism
Polish
Graniastosup
Spanish
Prisma
Greek

Italian
Prisma
French
Prisme
Turkish
Definition
The likelihood of the occurrence of an event. The probability of event A is written P(A).
Probabilities are always numbers between 0 and 1, inclusive.
English
Probability
Romanian
Probabilitate
Polish
Prawdopodobiestwo
Spanish
Probabilidad
Greek

Italian
Probabilit
French
Probabilit
Turkish
Page85 of 130
Definition
The result of multiplying a set of numbers or expressions.
English
Product
Romanian
Produs
Polish
Iloczyn
Spanish
Producto
Greek

Italian
Prodotto
French
Produit
Turkish
Definition
A fraction with a smaller numerator than denominator.
English
Proper Fraction
Romanian
Fracie subunitar
Polish
Uamek wlaciwy
Spanish
Fraccin propia
Greek

Italian
Frazione propria
French
Fraction infrieur un
Turkish
Definition
A subset which is not the same as the original set itself.
English
Proper Subset
Romanian
Submulime proprie
Polish
Podzbir waciwy
Spanish
Subconjunto Propio
Greek

Italian
Sottoinsieme proprio
French
Partie propre
Turkish
Definition
Two variables are proportional if their ratio is constant.
English
Proportional
Romanian
Proporional
Polish
Proporcjonalny
Spanish
Proporcionalidad
Greek

Italian
Proporzionale
French
Proportionnel
Turkish
Page86 of 130
Definition
A polyhedron with a polygonal base and lateral faces that taper to an apex. A pyramid
with a triangular base is called a tetrahedron.
English
Pyramid
Romanian
Piramida
Polish
Ostrosup
Spanish
Pirmide
Greek

Italian
Piramide
French
Pyramide
Turkish
Definition
A set of three positive integers which satisfies the Pythagorean theorem a2 +b2 =c2.
English
Pythagorean Triple
Romanian
Triplet pitagoric
Polish
Trjki Pitagorejskie
Spanish
Tringulo de Pitgoras
Greek

Italian
Terna pitagoriica
French
Triplet pythagoricien
Turkish
Definition
An abbreviated Latin phrase used to indicate the end of a proof, especially if it may not
be immediately obvious that the proof is complete. QED stands for the Latin phrase quod
English
QED
Romanian
QED
Polish
CND
Spanish
Como se quera demostrar
Greek
(...)
Italian
CVD Come volevasi dimostra
re
French
CQFD
Turkish
Definition
The four sections into which the x-y plane is divided by the x- and y-axes.
English
Quadrants
Romanian
Cadrane
Polish
Kwadrant
Spanish
Cuadrantes
Greek

Italian
Quadranti
French
Cadran
Turkish
Page87 of 130
Definition
An equation, graph, or data that can be modeled by a degree 2 polynomial.
English
Quadratic
Romanian
Ptratic
Polish
Kwadratowy
Spanish
Cuadrtica
Greek

Italian
Quadratica
French
Quadratique
Turkish
Definition
An equation that includes only second degree polynomials.
English
Quadratic Equation
Romanian
Ecuaie ptratic
Polish
Rwnanie kwadratowe
Spanish
Ecuacin de segundo grado
Greek

Italian
Equazione Qadratica
French
Equation quadratique
Turkish
Definition
A formula for the roots of a quadratic equation.
English
Quadratic Formula
Romanian
Formula ptratic
Polish
Forrrma kwadratowa
Spanish
Formula cuadrtica
Greek

Italian
Formula Quadratica
French
Formule quadratique
Turkish
Definition
A polygon with four sides.
English
Quadrilateral
Romanian
Patrulater
Polish
Czworokt
Spanish
Cuadrilatero
Greek

Italian
Quadrilatero
French
Quadrilatre
Turkish
Page88 of 130
Definition
Multiply by four.
English
Quadruple
Romanian
Qvadruplu
Polish
Czterokrotno
Spanish
Cuadruple
Greek

Italian
Quadruplo
French
Quadrupler
Turkish
Definition
A polynomial of degree 4.
English
Quartic Polynomial
Romanian
Polinom de gradul 4
Polish
Rwnanie czwartego stopni
Spanish
Polinomio de cuarto grado
Greek
4
Italian
Polinomio di quarto grado
French
Polynome de degr 4
Turkish
Definition
A polynomial of degree 5.
English
Quintic Polynomial
Romanian
Polinom de gradul 5
Polish
Rwnanie pitego stopnia
Spanish
Polinomio de quinto grado
Greek
5
Italian
Polinomio di Quinto grado
French
Polynome de degr 5
Turkish
Definition
Multiply by five.
English
Quintuple
Romanian
Qvintuplu
Polish
Piciokrotno
Spanish
Quintuple
Greek

Italian
Quintuplo
French
Quintupler
Turkish
Page89 of 130
Definition
The result of dividing two numbers or expressions.
English
Quotient
Romanian
Ctul
Polish
Iloraz
Spanish
Cociente
Greek

Italian
Quoziente
French
Quotient
Turkish
Definition
A unit for measuring angles. 180 = radians, and 360 = 2 radians. The number of
radians in an angle equals the number of radii it takes to measure a circular arc described
English
Radian
Romanian
Radian
Polish
Radian
Spanish
Radian
Greek

Italian
Radiante
French
Radian
Turkish
Definition
The symbol, which is used to indicate square roots or nth roots.
English
Radical
Romanian
Radical
Polish
Symbol pierwiastka
Spanish
Radical
Greek

Italian
Radicale
French
Radical
Turkish
Definition
The number under the (radical) symbol. That is, a number which is having its square root
taken
English
Radicand
Romanian
Numrul de sub radical
Polish
Wyraenie podpierwiatkowe
Spanish
Radicando
Greek

Italian
Radicando
French
Turkish
Page90 of 130
Definition
A line segment between the center and a point on the circle or sphere. The word radius
also refers to the length of this segment.
English
Radius of a Circle or Sphere
Romanian
Raza unui cerc sau a unei s
Polish
Promie okrgu lub kuli
Spanish
Radio
Greek

Italian
Raggio
French
Rayon du cercle ou dune sh
re
Turkish
Definition
The set of y-values of a function or relation. More generally, the range is the set of values
assumed by a function or relation over all permitted values of the independent variable(s).
English
Range
Romanian
Codomeniu /
Polish
Zbir wartoci
Spanish
Rango
Greek

Italian
Immagine di una funzione
French
Image dune fonction
Turkish
Definition
The result of dividing one number or expression by another.
English
Ratio
Romanian
Ctul
Polish
Proporcja
Spanish
Cociente
Greek

Italian
Quoziente
French
Quotient
Turkish
Definition
A rational exponent represents both an integer exponent and an nth root. The root is
found in the denominator (like a tree, the root is at the bottom), and the integer exponent
English
Rational Exponents
Romanian
Exponeni raionali
Polish
Potga o wykadniku wymie
Spanish
Fraccin exponencial
Greek

Italian
Frazione esponenziale
French
Exposant fractionnaire
Turkish
Page91 of 130
Definition
All positive and negative fractions, including integers and so-called improper fractions.
Formally, rational numbers are the set of all real numbers that can be written as a ratio of
English
Rational Numbers
Romanian
Numere raionale
Polish
Liczba wymierna
Spanish
Nmero racional
Greek

Italian
Numero Razionale
French
Nombres rationnels
Turkish
Definition
The process by which a fraction is rewritten so that the denominator contains only rational
numbers.
English
Rationalizing the Denominator
Romanian
Raionalizarea numitorului
Polish
Usunicie niewymiernoci z
Spanish
Racionalizacin
Greek

Italian
Razionalizzazione
French
Rendre rationnel le dnomina
teur
Turkish
Definition
A part of a line starting at a particular point and extending infinitely in one direction.
English
Ray
Romanian
Semidreapt
Polish
Pprosta
Spanish
Semi recta
Greek

Italian
Semiretta
French
Demi droite
Turkish
Definition
All numbers on the number line. This includes (but is not limited to) positives and
negatives, integers and rational numbers, square roots, cube roots , (pi), etc. Real
English
Real Numbers
Romanian
Numere reale
Polish
Liczby rzeczywiste
Spanish
Nmero real
Greek

Italian
Numero Reale
French
Nombres rels
Turkish
Page92 of 130
Definition
For a complex number a +bi, the real part is a.
English
Real Part of a complex
Romanian
Partea real a unui complex
Polish
Cz rzeczywista liczby ze
Spanish
Parte real de un nmero co
Greek

Italian
Parte reale di un numero com
plesso
French
Partie relle dun complexe
Turkish
Definition
A box shape on a plane. Formally, a rectangle is a quadrilateral with four congruent
angles (all 90).
English
Rectangle
Romanian
Dreptunghi
Polish
Prostokt
Spanish
Rectngulo
Greek

Italian
Rettangolo
French
Rectangle
Turkish
Definition
Simplify. That is, cancel out all common factors in the numerator and denominator until
no common factors remain.
English
Reduce a Fraction
Romanian
Simplificarea unei fracii
Polish
Skracanie uamka
Spanish
Simplicar una fraccin
Greek

Italian
Semplificare una frazione
French
Simplifier une fraction
Turkish
Definition
For any given angle, its reference angle is an acute version of that angle. In standard
position, the reference angle is the smallest angle between the terminal side and the x-
English
Reference Angle
Romanian
Unghi de referin
Polish
Kt odniesienia
Spanish
ngulo de referencia
Greek
Italian
Angolo di riferimento
French
Mesure principale de langle (
en radian)
Turkish
Page93 of 130
Definition
A polygon for which all sides are congruent and all angles are congruent.
English
Regular Polygon
Romanian
Poligon regulat
Polish
Wielokt foremny
Spanish
Poligono regular
Greek

Italian
Poligono regolare
French
Polygone rgulier
Turkish
Definition
A prism with bases that are regular polygons. The bases are not necessarily aligned one
directly above the other. Note: For some mathematicians regular prism means the same
English
Regular Prism
Romanian
Prism regulat
Polish
Graniastosup prawidowy
Spanish
Prima regular
Greek

Italian
Prisma Regolare
French
Prisme rgulier
Turkish
Definition
A pyramid with a base that is a regular polygon. The apex is not necessarily directly
above the center of the base.
English
Regular Pyramid
Romanian
Piramid regulat
Polish
Ostrosup prawdowy
Spanish
Pirmide regular
Greek

Italian
Piramide Regolare
French
Pyramide rgulier
Turkish
Definition
English
Regular Tetrahedron
Romanian
Piramida triunghiular regul
Polish
Spanish
Greek
Italian
French
Ttrahdron rgulier
Turkish
Page94 of 130
Definition
Describes two numbers for which the only common factor is 1. In other words, relatively
prime numbers have a greatest common factor (gcf) of 1.
English
Relatively Prime
Romanian
Numere prime ntre ele
Polish
Liczba wzgldnie pierwsza
Spanish
Nmeros primos relativos
Greek

Italian
Numeri primi
French
Nombres premiers entre eux
Turkish
Definition
The use of a domain for a function that is smaller than the function's domain of definition.
English
Restricted Domain
Romanian
Restricia domeniului
Polish
Ograniczona dziedzina
Spanish
Dominio reducido
Greek

Italian
Dominio limitato
French
Restriction du domaine de d
finition
Turkish
Definition
A parallelogram with four congruent sides. Note that the diagonals of a rhombus are
perpendicular (as is the case with all kites).
English
Rhombus
Romanian
Romb
Polish
Romb
Spanish
Rombo
Greek

Italian
Rombo
French
Losange
Turkish
Definition
An approximation of the definite integra
English
Riemann Sum
Romanian
Suma Riemann
Polish
Suma Riemanna
Spanish
Suma de Riemann
Greek
Riemann
Italian
Somma di Riemman
French
Somme de Riemann
Turkish
Page95 of 130
Definition
A 90 angle.
English
Right Angle
Romanian
Unghi drept
Polish
Kt prosty
Spanish
ngulo recto
Greek

Italian
Angolo retto
French
Angle droit
Turkish
Definition
A triangle which has a right (90) interior angle.
English
Right Triangle
Romanian
Triunghi dreptunghic
Polish
Trjkt prostoktny
Spanish
Tringulo rectngulo
Greek

Italian
Triangolo rettangolo
French
Triangle rectangle
Turkish
Definition
.
English
RMS
Romanian
Polish
Spanish
Greek
Italian
French
Turkish
Definition
A theorem of calculus that ensures the existence of a critical point between any two points
on a "nice" function that have the same y-value.
English
Rolle's Theorem
Romanian
Teorema lui Rolle
Polish
Twierdzenie Rollea
Spanish
Teorema de Rolle
Greek
Roll
Italian
Teorema di Rolle
French
Thorme de Rolle
Turkish
Page96 of 130
Definition
A kind of average sometimes used in statistics and engineering, often abbreviated as
RMS.
English
Root Mean Square
Romanian
Media ptratic
Polish
rednia kwadratowa
Spanish
Raz cuadrtica media
Greek

Italian
Valore quadratico medio
French
Moyenne quadratique
Turkish
Definition
A transformation in which a plane figure turns around a fixed center point.
English
Rotation
Romanian
Rotaie
Polish
Rotacja
Spanish
Rotacin
Greek

Italian
Rotazione
French
Rotation
Turkish
Definition
A method of approximating a number using a nearby number at a given degree of
accuracy.
English
Rounding a Number
Romanian
Rotunjirea unui numr
Polish
Zaokrglanie liczb
Spanish
Redondeo
Greek

Italian
Arrotondamento di un numer
o
French
Arrondir un nombre
Turkish
Definition
A horizontal set of numbers in a matrix.
English
Row of a Matrix
Romanian
Linia unei matrice
Polish
Rzd macierzy
Spanish
Fila
Greek

Italian
Riga di una matrice
French
Ligne dune matrice
Turkish
Page97 of 130
Definition
Revolutions per minute. A unit for measuring speed of rotation.
English
RPM
Romanian
Rotaii pe minut
Polish
Obroty na minute
Spanish
Revoluciones por minuto
Greek

Italian
Giri al minuto
French
Tour par minute
Turkish
Definition
Angle-angle-side congruence. When two triangles have corresponding angles and sides
that are congruent, the triangles are congruent.
English
SAA Congruence
Romanian
Congruen LUU
Polish
Przystawanie trojktw
Spanish
ngulos congruentes
Greek

Italian
Criterio di congruenza per i tri
angoli
French
Triangles semblables
Turkish
Definition
Side-angle-side congruence. When two triangles have corresponding angles and sides
that are congruent as shown below, the triangles are congruent.
English
SAS Congruence
Romanian
Cazul de congruen LUL
Polish
Cecha przystawania trjkt
Spanish
Tringulos semejantes
Greek
Italian
Primo criterio di congruenza
dei triangoli
French
Triangles semblables
Turkish
Definition
Any real number, or any quantity that can be measured using a single real number.
English
Scalar
Romanian
Scalar
Polish
Skalar
Spanish
Escalar
Greek

Italian
Scalare
French
Scalaire
Turkish
Page98 of 130
Definition
The ratio of any two corresponding lengths in two similar geometric figures.
English
Scale Factor
Romanian
Raport de asemnare
Polish
Wspczynnik skali
Spanish
Factor de escala
Greek

Italian
Fattore di scala
French
Turkish
Definition
A triangle for which all three sides have different lengths.
English
Scalene Triangle
Romanian
Triunghi oarecare
Polish
Trjkt nierwnoboczny
Spanish
Tringulo escaleno
Greek

Italian
Triangolo scaleno
French
Triangle scalne
Turkish
Definition
A graph of paired data in which the data values are plotted as (x, y) points.
English
Scatterplot
Romanian
Diagrama de mprtiere /
Polish
Wykres punktowy
Spanish
Sistema Cartesiano
Greek

Italian
Grafico di dispersione
French
Turkish
Definition
A standardized way of writing real numbers. In scientific notation, all real numbers are
written in the form a10b, where 1 a < 10 and b is an integer.
English
Scientific Notation
Romanian
Notare tiinific
Polish
Notacja naukowa
Spanish
Notacin cientfica
Greek

Italian
Notazione scientifica
French
Notation scientifique
Turkish
Page99 of 130
Definition
A line which passes through at least two points of a curve.
English
Secant Line
Romanian
Dreapta secant
Polish
Sieczna
Spanish
Secante
Greek

Italian
Retta secante
French
Scante une courbe
Turkish
Definition
A unit of angle measure equal to of a minute. There are 60 seconds in one minute and
3600 seconds in one degree. Seconds are indicated using the " symbol.
English
Second
Romanian
Secunda
Polish
Sekunda
Spanish
Segundo
Greek
o
Italian
Secondo d'arco
French
Seconde
Turkish
Definition
A point on the graph of a function at which the second derivative is either 0 or undefined.
A second order critical point may or may not be an inflection point.
English
Second Order Critical Point
Romanian
Punct critic
Polish
Punkt krytyczny
Spanish
Punto crtico
Greek

Italian
Punto critico del secondo ordi
ne
French
Point critique de deuxime or
dre
Turkish
Definition
A part of the interior of a circle bounded by two radii and an arc.
English
Sector of a Circle
Romanian
Sector de cerc
Polish
Wycinek koa
Spanish
Sector circular
Greek

Italian
Settore circolare
French
Secteur circulaire
Turkish
Page100 of 130
Definition
A part of the interior of a circle bounded by a chord and an arc.
English
Segment of a Circle
Romanian
Segment de cerc
Polish
Odcinek koa
Spanish
Segmento circular
Greek

Italian
Segmento circolare
French
Turkish
Definition
Half a circle. That is, a 180 arc.
English
Semicircle
Romanian
Semicerc
Polish
Pkole
Spanish
Semicirculo
Greek

Italian
Semicerchio
French
Demi cercle
Turkish
Definition
Half the perimeter of a plane figure.
English
Semiperimeter
Romanian
Semiperimetru
Polish
Poowa obwodu
Spanish
Semipermetro
Greek

Italian
Semiperimetro
French
Demi primtre
Turkish
Definition
A list of numbers set apart by commas, such as 1, 3, 5, 7, . . .
English
Sequence
Romanian
ir
Polish
Cig
Spanish
sucesin
Greek

Italian
Successione
French
Suite de nombres
Turkish
Page101 of 130
Definition
The sequence of nth partial sums of a series.
English
Sequence of Partial Sums
Romanian
irul sumelor pariale
Polish
Cig sum czciowych
Spanish
Suma parcial
Greek

Italian
Successione delle somme pa
rziali
French
Suite des sommes partielles
dune srie
Turkish
Definition
A group of numbers, variables, geometric figures, or just about anything. Sets are written
using set braces {}
English
Set
Romanian
Mulime
Polish
Zbir
Spanish
Conjunto
Greek

Italian
Insieme
French
Ensemble
Turkish
Definition
A way of modifying a set by removing the elements belonging to another set. Subtraction
of sets is indicated by either of the symbols or \.
English
Set Subtraction
Romanian
Diferena mulimilor
Polish
Rnica zbiorw
Spanish
Subtraccin de conjuntos
Greek

Italian
Differenza fra insiemi
French
Turkish
Definition
Any of the line segments that make up a polygon.
English
Side of a Polygon
Romanian
Latura unui poligon
Polish
Bok wielokta
Spanish
Lado de un polgono
Greek

Italian
Lato di un poligono
French
Ct dun polygne
Turkish
Page102 of 130
Definition
A notation using the Greek letter sigma () that allows a long sum to be written compactly.
English
Sigma Notation
Romanian
Notaie pentru sum
Polish
Szereg
Spanish
Sumatorio
Greek
Italian
Simbolo di sommatoria
French
Sigma, symbole de sommatio
n
Turkish
Definition
Identical in shape, although not necessarily the same size.
English
Similar
Romanian
Asemntor
Polish
Podobiestwo
Spanish
Similar
Greek

Italian
Simile
French
Similaire
Turkish
Definition
AA, HL, SAS, and SSS similarity. These tests describe combinations of congruent angles
and/or proportional sides that are used to determine if two triangles are similar.
English
Similarity Tests for Triangles
Romanian
Cazurile de asemnare pent
Polish
Podobiestwa trjktw
Spanish
Semenjanza de tringulos
Greek

Italian
Criterio di similitudine per i tri
angoli
French
Critres pour dterminer si de
ux triangles sont superposabl
Turkish
Definition
To use the rules of arithmetic and algebra to rewrite an expression as simply as possible.
English
Simplify
Romanian
Simplificare
Polish
Uproszczanie
Spanish
Simplificar
Greek

Italian
Semplificazione
French
Simplification
Turkish
Page103 of 130
Definition
The trig function sine, written sin . The sine of an angle is defined in the context of a right
triangle: it is the ratio of the length of the side opposite that angle to the length of the
English
Sine/sin
Romanian
Sinus
Polish
Sinus/sin
Spanish
Seno
Greek

Italian
Seno
French
Sinus
Turkish
Definition
A wave shaped like the graph of y =sin x
English
Sinusoid
Romanian
Sinusoida
Polish
Sinusoida
Spanish
Sinusoidal
Greek

Italian
Sinusoide
French
Sinusode
Turkish
Definition
Lines in three dimensional space that do not intersect and are not parallel.
English
Skew Lines
Romanian
Drepte necoplanare
Polish
Linie skone
Spanish
Greek

Italian
Rette sghembe
French
Droites non coplanaires
Turkish
Definition
The diagonal distance from the apex of a right circular cone or a right regular pyramid to
the base.
English
Slant Height
Romanian
nlimea unui con sau pira
Polish
Tworzca
Spanish
Apotema
Greek
-
Italian
Apotema
French
Turkish
Page104 of 130
Definition
A number which is used to indicate the steepness of a line, as well as indicating whether
the line is tilted uphill or downhill. Slope is indicated by the letter m.
English
Slope of a Line
Romanian
Panta unei drepte
Polish
Wspczynnik kierunkowy p
Spanish
Pendiente
Greek

Italian
Pendenza di una retta - Coeffi
ciente angolare
French
Pente dune droite
Turkish
Definition
y =mx +b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
English
Slope-Intercept Equation of a Line
Romanian
Ecuaia unei drepte
Polish
Rwnanie kierunkowe prost
Spanish
Greek
Italian
Equazione di una retta
French
Equation de droite
Turkish
Definition
Any and all value(s) of the variable(s) that satisfies an equation, inequality, system of
equations, or system of inequalities.
English
Solution/Solution Set
Romanian
Soluie/
Polish
Zbir rozwiza
Spanish
Conjunto de soluciones
Greek
/
Italian
Insieme di soluzioni
French
Ensemble des solutions
Turkish
Definition
Find all solutions to an equation, inequality, or a system of equations and/or inequalities.
English
Solve
Romanian
Rezolvare
Polish
Rozwizanie
Spanish
Resolver
Greek

Italian
Risolvere
French
Rsoudre
Turkish
Page105 of 130
Definition
Distance covered per unit of time. Speed is a nonnegative scalar. For motion in one
dimension, such as on a number line, speed is the absolute value of velocity. For motion
English
Speed
Romanian
Viteza
Polish
Szybko
Spanish
Velocidad
Greek

Italian
Velocit
French
Vitesse
Turkish
Definition
A three dimensional solid consisting of all points equidistant from a given point. This point
is the center of the sphere.
English
Sphere
Romanian
Sfer
Polish
Sfera
Spanish
Esfera
Greek

Italian
Sfera
French
Sphre
Turkish
Definition
A curve on a plane that turns endlessly outward or inward (or both). Spirals usually have
polar equations.
English
Spiral
Romanian
Spiral
Polish
Spirala
Spanish
Spiral
Greek

Italian
Spirale
French
Spirale
Turkish
Definition
A rectangle with all four sides of equal length. Formally, a square is a quadrilateral with
four congruent sides and four congruent angles (all 90).
English
Square
Romanian
Ptrat
Polish
Kwadrat
Spanish
Cuadrado
Greek

Italian
Quadrato
French
Carr
Turkish
Page106 of 130
Definition
A matrix with equal numbers of rows and columns.
English
Square Matrix
Romanian
Matrice ptratic
Polish
Macierz kwadratowa
Spanish
Matriz cuadrada
Greek

Italian
Matrice quadrata
French
Matrice carre
Turkish
Definition
A nonnegative number that must be multiplied times itself to equal a given number.
English
Square Root
Romanian
Rdcina ptrat
Polish
Pierwiastek kwadratowy
Spanish
Greek

Italian
Radice quadrata
French
Racine carre
Turkish
Definition
Side-side-side congruence. When two triangles have corresponding sides that are
congruent as shown below, the triangles are congruent.
English
SSS Congruence
Romanian
Cazul de congruen LLL
Polish
Cecha przystawania trjkt
Spanish
Triangulos semejantes
Greek

Italian
Terso criterio di congruenza d
ei triangoli
French
Triangles semblables
Turkish
Definition
Side-side-side similarity. When two triangles have corresponding sides with identical
ratios as shown below, the triangles are similar.
English
SSS Similarity
Romanian
Cazul de asemnare LLL
Polish
Cecha podobiestwa trjkt
Spanish
Triangulos superponibles
Greek

Italian
Criterio di similitudine LLL
French
Triangles superposables
Turkish
Page107 of 130
Definition
Ax +By =C, where A >0 and, if possible, A, B, and C are relatively prime integers. The
standard form is used in some algebra classes for practice in manipulating equations.
English
Standard Form for the Equation of a Line/General Form for th
Romanian
Ecuaia general cartezian
Polish
Rwnanie oglne prostej
Spanish
Ecuacin general de la rect
Greek

Italian
Equazione di una retta in for
ma implicita
French
Equation de droite
Turkish
Definition
A function that has a graph resembling a staircase.
English
Step Function
Romanian
Funcia treapt-unitate
Polish
Funkcja skokowa
Spanish
Funcin escaln
Greek
,
Italian
Funzione a gradino
French
Fonction en escalier
Turkish
Definition
A 180 angle.
English
Straight Angle
Romanian
Unghi alungit
Polish
Kt ppeny
Spanish
Angulo llano
Greek

Italian
Angolo Piatto
French
Angle plat
Turkish
Definition
An inequality that uses the symbols <or >.
English
Strict Inequality
Romanian
Inegalitatea strict
Polish
Nierwno
Spanish
Greek

Italian
Disuguaglianza in senso stret
to
French
Ingalit stricte
Turkish
Page108 of 130
Definition
Set A is a subset of set B if all of the elements (if any) of set A are contained in set B.
English
Subset
Romanian
Submulime
Polish
Podzbir
Spanish
Subconjunto
Greek

Italian
Sottoinsieme
French
Sous ensemble
Turkish
Definition
An integration method that essentially involves using the chain rule in reverse.
English
Substitution Method/Integration by Substitution
Romanian
Metoda schimbrii de varia
Polish
Metoda podstawiania
Spanish
Mtodo de sustitucin
Greek

Italian
Metodo di sostituzione
French
Intgration par la mthode de
substitution
Turkish
Definition
The result of adding a set of numbers or algebraic expressions.
English
Sum
Romanian
Sum
Polish
Suma
Spanish
Suma
Greek

Italian
Somma
French
Somme
Turkish
Definition
Set C is a superset of set D if set C contains all of the elements (if any) of set D.
English
Superset
Romanian
Supramulime
Polish
Nadzbir
Spanish
Superconjunto
Greek

Italian
Sovrainsieme
French
Turkish
Page109 of 130
Definition
For any angle A between 0 and 180, the supplement of A is 180 A.
English
Supplement of an Angle
Romanian
Suplementul unui unghi
Polish
Dopenienie kta
Spanish
Suplemento de un ngulo
Greek

Italian
Supplementare di un angolo
French
Supplment dun angle
Turkish
Definition
Two angles that add up to 180.
English
Supplementary Angles
Romanian
Unghiuri suplementare
Polish
Kt dpeniajcy
Spanish
ngulos suplementarios
Greek

Italian
Angoli Supplementari
French
Angles supplmentaires
Turkish
Definition
An irrational number that can be expressed as a radical.
English
Surd
Romanian
Numr iraional
Polish
Niewymierno
Spanish
Nmero irracional
Greek

Italian
Numero Irrazionale
French
Nombre irrationnel
Turkish
Definition
An event that has a 100% probability of occurring.
English
Sure Event
Romanian
Eveniment sigur
Polish
Zdarzenie pewne
Spanish
Evento seguro
Greek

Italian
Evento certo
French
Evnement certain
Turkish
Page110 of 130
Definition
A geometric figure in three dimensions excluding interior points, if any.
English
Surface
Romanian
Suprafa
Polish
Powierzchnia
Spanish
Superficie
Greek

Italian
Superficie
French
Surface
Turkish
Definition
The total area of the exterior surface of a solid.
English
Surface Area
Romanian
Aria unei suprafee
Polish
Pole powierzchni
Spanish
rea lateral
Greek

Italian
Area
French
Aire de la surface latrale
Turkish
Definition
Describes a geometric figure or a graph consisting of two parts that are congruent to each
other.
English
Symmetric
Romanian
Simetric
Polish
Symetria
Spanish
Simetra
Greek

Italian
Simmetrico
French
Symtrique
Turkish
Definition
Describes a graph that looks the same upside down or right side up. Formally, a graph is
symmetric with respect to the origin if it is unchanged when reflected across both the x-
English
Symmetric about the Origin
Romanian
Simetric fa de origine
Polish
Symetria wzgldem punktu
Spanish
Simetra con respecto al ori
Greek

Italian
Simmetrico rispetto allorigine
French
Symtrie par rapport lorigin
e
Turkish
Page111 of 130
Definition
Describes a graph that is left unchanged when reflected across the x-axis.
English
Symmetric about the x-axis/Symmetric across the x-axis
Romanian
Simetric fa de axa OX
Polish
Symetria wzgldem osi OX
Spanish
Simetra con respecto al eje
Greek

Italian
Simmetrico in rapporto allass
e x
French
Symtrie par rapport laxe d
es abscisses
Turkish
Definition
The following property: If if a =b then b =a. This is one of the equivalence properties of
equality.
English
Symmetric Property of Equality
Romanian
Proprietatea de simetrie a r
Polish
Symetria rownoci
Spanish
Simetra de la igualdad
Greek

Italian
Propriet simmetrica duguag
lianza
French
Symtrie de lgalit
Turkish
Definition
Two or more equations containing common variable(s).
English
System of Equations
Romanian
Sistem de ecuaii
Polish
Ukad rwna
Spanish
Sistema de ecuaciones
Greek

Italian
Sistema di equazioni
French
Systme dquations
Turkish
Definition
Two or more equations containing common variable(s).
English
System of Equations
Romanian
Sistem de ecuaii
Polish
Ukad rwna
Spanish
Sistema de ecuaciones
Greek

Italian
Sistema di equazioni
French
Systme dquation
Turkish
Page112 of 130
Definition
The trig function tangent, written
English
Tangent
Romanian
Tangenta
Polish
Tangens (tg)
Spanish
Greek
,
Italian
Tangente goniometrica
French
Tangente
Turkish
Definition
A line that touches a curve at a point without crossing over.
English
Tangent Line
Romanian
Dreapta tangent
Polish
Styczna
Spanish
Linea tangente
Greek

Italian
Retta Tangente
French
Droite tangente
Turkish
Definition
A cycloid hanging downwards.
English
Tautochrone
Romanian
Tautocron
Polish
Tautochrona / izoochrona
Spanish
Curva tautocrona
Greek
Italian
Tautocrona
French
Courbe tautochrone
Turkish
Definition
Parts of an expression or series separated by +or signs, or the parts of a sequence
separated by commas.
English
Term
Romanian
Termen
Polish
Wyraenie matematyczne
Spanish
Termino
Greek

Italian
Termini
French
Termes
Turkish
Page113 of 130
Definition
The ray where measurement of an angle stops
English
Terminal Side of an Angle
Romanian
Latura opus unghiului
Polish
Rami kocowe kta o dow
Spanish
Lado de un angulo
Greek

Italian
Lato terminale di un angolo
French
Turkish
Definition
To cover a plane with identically shaped pieces which do not overlap or leave blank
spaces. The pieces do not have to be oriented identically. A tessellation may use tiles of
English
Tessellate
Romanian
A pava
Polish
Fraktale
Spanish
Fractal
Greek

Italian
Tessellatura
French
Pavage
Turkish
Definition
A polyhedron with four triangular faces, or a pyramid with a triangular base.
English
Tetrahedron
Romanian
Tetraedru
Polish
Czworocian prawidowy
Spanish
Tetraedro regular
Greek

Italian
Tetraedro
French
Ttrahdron
Turkish
Definition
An assertion that can be proved true using the rules of logic. A theorem is proven from
axioms, postulates, or other theorems already known to be true.
English
Theorem
Romanian
Teorem
Polish
Twierdzenie
Spanish
Teorema
Greek

Italian
Teorema
French
Thorme
Turkish
Page114 of 130
Definition
For a set of data, a number for which 75% of the data is less than that number. The third
quartile is the same as the median of the part of the data which is greater than the
English
Third Quartile
Romanian
A treia quartil
Polish
Kwartyl grny
Spanish
Cuartil alto
Greek

Italian
Terzo quartile
French
Le 3e quartile
Turkish
Definition
A system for locating points in three dimensions
English
Three Dimensional Coordinates
Romanian
Sistemul de coordonate tri-
Polish
Wsprzdne trjwymiarowe
Spanish
Coordenadas en un espacio
Greek

Italian
Coordinate di un punto nello
spazio (coordinate tridimensi
French
Coordonnes dun point de le
space
Turkish
Definition
A doughnut shape. Formally, a torus is a surface of revolution obtained by revolving (in
three dimensional space) a circle about a line which does not intersect the circle.
English
Torus
Romanian
Torul
Polish
Torus
Spanish
Toro
Greek

Italian
Toroi
French
Tore
Turkish
Definition
Real numbers that are not algebraic. That is, real numbers that cannot be a root of a
polynomial equation with integer coefficients. e and are transcendental.
English
Transcendental Numbers
Romanian
Numere transcendente
Polish
Liczby przestpne
Spanish
Numero trascendental
Greek

Italian
Numero Trascendente
French
Nombres transcendants
Turkish
Page115 of 130
Definition
Operations that alter the form of a figure. The standard transformations are translations,
reflections, dilations (stretches), compressions (contractions or shrinks), and rotations.
English
Transformations
Romanian
Transformare
Polish
Transformacje
Spanish
Transformacin
Greek

Italian
Trasformazioni
French
Transformations
Turkish
Definition
The following property:
English
Transitive Property of Equality
Romanian
Proprietatea de tranzitivitate
Polish
Prawo przechodni rwnoci
Spanish
Propiedad transitiva de la ig
Greek

Italian
Propriet transitiva dell'uguag
lianza
French
Transitivit de lgalit
Turkish
Definition
A transformation in which a graph or geometric figure is picked up and moved to another
location without any change in size or orientation.
English
Translation
Romanian
Translaie
Polish
Translacja/ Przesunicie
Spanish
Traslacin
Greek

Italian
Traslazione
French
Translation,
Turkish
Definition
A matrix which is formed by turning all the rows of a given matrix into columns and vice-
versa. The transpose of matrix A is written AT.
English
Transpose of a Matrix
Romanian
Transpusa unei matrice
Polish
Macierz przestawiona
Spanish
Matriz traspuesta
Greek

Italian
Matrice trasposta
French
Matrice transpose
Turkish
Page116 of 130
Definition
A line that cuts across a set of lines or the sides of a plane figure. Transversals often cut
across parallel lines.
English
Transversal
Romanian
Transversala
Polish
Poprzeczny
Spanish
Transversal
Greek

Italian
Trasversale
French
Transversale
Turkish
Definition
A quadrilateral which has a pair of opposite sides which are parallel. The parallel sides
are called the bases, and the other two sides are called the legs.
English
Trapezoid (UK)
Romanian
Trapezul
Polish
Trapez
Spanish
Trapezoide
Greek

Italian
Trapezio
French
Trapze
Turkish
Definition
A method for approximating a definite integral
English
Trapezoid Rule
Romanian
Metoda trapezului
Polish
Regua trapezw
Spanish
Mtodo del trapecio
Greek

Italian
Metodo dei trapezi
French
Mthode du trapze
Turkish
Definition
A polygon with three sides
English
Triangle
Romanian
Triunghiul
Polish
Trjkt
Spanish
Triangulo
Greek

Italian
Triangolo
French
Triangle
Turkish
Page117 of 130
Definition
A mathematical restatement of the concept that the shortest distance between two points
is a straight line. The triangle inequality states that the sum of the lengths of any two
English
Triangle Inequality
Romanian
Inegalitatea triunghiului
Polish
Nierwno trjkta
Spanish
Desigualdad triangular
Greek

Italian
Disuguaglianza triangolare
French
Ingalits triangulaires
Turkish
Definition
A method of locating the position of an object by observing the direction and/or distance
to the object from two or more observation points.
English
Triangulation
Romanian
Triangulare
Polish
Triangulacja
Spanish
Triangulacin
Greek

Italian
Triangolazione
French
Triangulation
Turkish
Definition
The property of real numbers which guarantees that for any two real numbers a and b,
exactly one of the following must be true: a <b, a =b, or a >b.
English
Trichotomy
Romanian
Axioma de ordine total
Polish
Trychotomia
Spanish
Tricotomia
Greek

Italian
Tricotomia
French
Trichotomie
Turkish
Definition
The six functions sine, cosine, tangent, cosecant, secant, and cotangent
English
Trig Functions
Romanian
Funcii trigonometrice
Polish
Funkcje trygonometryczne
Spanish
Funciones trigonometricas
Greek

Italian
Funzioni trigonometriche
French
Fonctions trigonomtriques, f
onctions circulaires
Turkish
Page118 of 130
Definition
Identities involving trig functions.
English
Trig Identities
Romanian
Identiti trigonometrice
Polish
Tosamoci trygonometrycz
Spanish
Identidad trigonometrica
Greek

Italian
Identit trigonometriche
French
Identits trigonomtriques
Turkish
Definition
Certain angles have trig values that may be computed exactly.
English
Trig Values of Special Angles
Romanian
Valori exacte ale funciilor tr
Polish
Wartoci funkcji trygonomet
Spanish
Valor exacto de una funcin
Greek

Italian
Valori esatti di funzioni trigon
ometriche
French
Valeurs exactes de fonctions
trigonomtriques
Turkish
Definition
The study of triangles, with emphasis on calculations involving the lengths of sides and
the measures of angles. Trigonometry is also known as trig.
English
Trigonometry
Romanian
Trigonometrie
Polish
Trygonometria
Spanish
Trigonometria
Greek

Italian
Trigonometria
French
Trigonomtrie,
Turkish
Definition
A polynomial with three terms which are not like terms.
English
Trinomial
Romanian
Trinom
Polish
Trjmian
Spanish
Trinomio
Greek

Italian
Trinomio
French
Trinme
Turkish
Page119 of 130
Definition
A way of multiplying three vectors in which the product is a scalar. The absolute value of
a triple product is the volume of the parallelepiped formed by the three vectors.
English
Triple (Scalar) Product
Romanian
Produs mixt
Polish
Iloczyn mieszany
Spanish
Producto escalar triple
Greek

Italian
Prodotto misto
French
Produit mixte
Turkish
Definition
A root of a polynomial equation with multiplicity 3.
English
Triple Root
Romanian
Rdcina tripl
Polish
Pierwiastek trzeciego stopni
Spanish
raiz triple
Greek

Italian
Radice tripla
French
Racine triple dun polynme
Turkish
Definition
A set of numbers that is not bounded. That is, a set that lacks either a lower bound or an
upper bound. For example, the sequence 1, 2, 3, 4,... is unbounded.
English
Unbounded Set of Numbers
Romanian
Mulime nemrginit de nu
Polish
Nieograniczony zbir liczb
Spanish
Conjunto ilimitado
Greek

Italian
Insieme illimitato di numeri
French
Ensemble non born de nom
bres
Turkish
Definition
Describes a set which contains more elements than the set of integers. Formally, an
uncountably infinite set is an infinite set that cannot have its elements put into one-to-one
English
Uncountable
Romanian
Mulime nenumrabil
Polish
Nieskoczony,
Spanish
Incontable
Greek

Italian
Insieme non numerabile
French
Non dnombrable
Turkish
Page120 of 130
Definition
A linear system of equations that has fewer equations than variables. Note that an
underdetermined system might be either consistent or inconsistent, depending on the
English
Underdetermined System of Equations
Romanian
Sistem de ecuaii nedetermi
Polish
Ukad o wiksze liczbie nie
Spanish
Sistema indeterminado
Greek

Italian
Sistema indeterminato di equ
azioni
French
Systme Indtermin
Turkish
Definition
All the same or all in the same manner; constant.
English
Uniform
Romanian
Uniform
Polish
J ednostajny
Spanish
Uniforme
Greek

Italian
Uniforme
French
Uniforme
Turkish
Definition
Combining the elements of two or more sets
English
Union of Sets
Romanian
Reuniunea mulimilor
Polish
Suma zbiorw
Spanish
Unin de conjuntos
Greek

Italian
Unione di insiemi
French
Runion densembles
Turkish
Definition
The circle with radius 1 which is centered at the origin on the x-y plane.
English
Unit Circle
Romanian
Cercul unitate
Polish
Koo jednostkowe
Spanish
Circulo unidad
Greek

Italian
Cerchio unitario
French
Cercle unit
Turkish
Page121 of 130
Definition
A vector of magnitude 1
English
Unit Vector
Romanian
Vectorul unitate
Polish
Wektor jednostkowy
Spanish
Vector unitario
Greek

Italian
Versore - Vettore unitario
French
Vecteur unit
Turkish
Definition
Any number that is greater than or equal to all of the elements of the set.
English
Upper Bound of a Set
Romanian
Marginea superioar a unei
Polish
Kres grny zbioru
Spanish
Lmite superior de un conju
Greek

Italian
Maggiorante
French
Majorant
Turkish
Definition
A quantity that can change or that may take on different values. Variable also refers to a
letter or symbol representing such a quantity.
English
Variable
Romanian
Variabil
Polish
Zmienna
Spanish
Variable
Greek

Italian
Variabile
French
Variable
Turkish
Definition
The parallelogram formed by connecting the midpoints of adjacent sides of a quadrilateral.
English
Varignon Parallelogram of a Quadrilateral
Romanian
Paralelogramul lui Varignon
Polish
Rwnolegobok utworzony p
Spanish
Cuadrilatero de Varignon
Greek
Varigno
Italian
Parallelogramma di un quadri
latero (di Varignon)
French
Paralllogramme de Varigno
n dun quadrilatre
Turkish
Page122 of 130
Definition
A quantity, drawn as an arrow, with both direction and magnitude. For example, force and
velocity are vectors. If a quantity has magnitude but not direction, it is called a scalar.
English
Vector
Romanian
Vector
Polish
Wektor
Spanish
Vector
Greek

Italian
Vettore
French
Vecteur
Turkish
Definition
The use of calculus (limits, derivatives, and integrals) with two or more independent
variables, or two or more dependent variables. This can be thought of as the calculus of
English
Vector Calculus Multivariable Calculus
Romanian
Calcul vectorial
Polish
Analiza wieloczynnikowa
Spanish
Calculo vectorial
Greek
,
Italian
Calcolo Vettoriale
French
Calcul vectoriel
Turkish
Definition
The rate of change of the position of an object. For motion in one dimension, such as
along the number line, velocity is a scalar. For motion in two dimensions or through three-
English
Velocity
Romanian
Viteza
Polish
Prdko
Spanish
Velocidad
Greek

Italian
Velocit
French
Vitesse
Turkish
Definition
Illustrations of set operations
English
Venn Diagrams
Romanian
Diagrama Venn
Polish
Diagram Venna
Spanish
Diagrama de Venn
Greek
Venn
Italian
Diagramma di Venn
French
Diagrammes de Venn
Turkish
Page123 of 130
Definition
The process of making sure a solution is correct by making sure it satisfies any and all
equations and/or inequalities in a problem.
English
Verify a Solution
Romanian
A verifica o soluie
Polish
Sprawdzenie/ Weryfikacja r
Spanish
Comprobacin
Greek

Italian
Verifica della soluzione
French
Vrification ou contrle dune
solution
Turkish
Definition
A corner point of a geometric figure. For a polygon, vertices are where adjacent sides
meet. For an angle, the vertex is where the two rays making up the angle meet.
English
Vertex
Romanian
Vrf
Polish
Wierzchoek
Spanish
Vertice
Greek

Italian
Vertice
French
Sommet
Turkish
Definition
The point at which a parabola makes its sharpest turn. The vertex is halfway between the
directrix and the focus.
English
Vertex of a Parabola
Romanian
Focarele parabolei
Polish
Wierzchoek paraboli
Spanish
Vertice de una parbola
Greek

Italian
Vertice della parabola
French
Sommet dune parabole
Turkish
Definition
Straight up and down
English
Vertical
Romanian
Vertical
Polish
Pionowo
Spanish
Vertical
Greek

Italian
Verticale
French
Verticale
Turkish
Page124 of 130
Definition
Vertical angles are angles opposite one another at the intersection of two lines. Vertical
angles are congruent.
English
Vertical Angles
Romanian
Unghiuri opuse la vrf
Polish
Kty wierzchokowe
Spanish
Angulo opuesto
Greek

Italian
Angoli opposti al vertice
French
Angles opposs par le somm
et
Turkish
Definition
x =a, where a is the x-intercept
English
Vertical Line Equation
Romanian
Ecuaia dreptei verticale
Polish
Rwnanie prostej prostopad
Spanish
Recta paralela al eje OX
Greek
Italian
Equazione di una retta parall
ela allasse delle ordinate
French
Equation dune droite paralll
e laxe des ordonnes
Turkish
Definition
The points at which a hyperbola makes its sharpest turns. The vertices are on the major
axis (the line through the foci).
English
Vertices of a Hyperbola
Romanian
Focarele hiperbolei
Polish
Wierzchoki hiperboli
Spanish
Vertice de una hiperbola
Greek

Italian
Vertice di uniperbole
French
Sommets dune hyperbole
Turkish
Definition
The points at which an ellipse makes its sharpest turns. The vertices are on the major
axis (the line through the foci).
English
Vertices of an Ellipse
Romanian
Focarele elipsei
Polish
Wierzchoki elipsy
Spanish
Vertice de una elipse
Greek

Italian
Vertice di unellisse
French
Sommets dune ellipse
Turkish
Page125 of 130
Definition
The total amount of space enclosed in a solid.
English
Volume
Romanian
Volum
Polish
Objto
Spanish
Volumen
Greek

Italian
Volume
French
Volume
Turkish
Definition
The region between two concentric circles which have different radii.
English
Washer Annulus
Romanian
Coroan circular
Polish
Piercie koowy
Spanish
Corona circular
Greek
Italian
Corona circolare
French
Anneau
Turkish
Definition
A technique for finding the volume of a solid of revolution. The washer method is a
generalized version of the disk method. Both the washer and disk methods are specific
English
Washer Method
Romanian
Metoda Washer
Polish
Metoda Washera
Spanish
Mtodo de Washer
Greek

Italian
Metodo di Washer
French
Turkish
Definition
The period of a sinusoid.
English
Wavelength
Romanian
Lungime de und
Polish
Dugoo fali
Spanish
Longitud de onda
Greek
,
Italian
Lunghezza d'onda
French
Longueur dondes
Turkish
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Definition
A method of computing a kind of arithmetic mean of a set of numbers in which some
elements of the set carry more importance (weight) than others.
English
Weighted Average
Romanian
Media ponderat
Polish
rednia waona
Spanish
Media ponderada
Greek

Italian
Media ponderata
French
Moyenne pondre
Turkish
Definition
The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, etc.
English
Whole Numbers
Romanian
Numerele naturale
Polish
Liczby nieujemne
Spanish
Numeros naturales
Greek

Italian
Interi naturali
French
Entiers naturels
Turkish
Definition
The physics term for the amount of energy required to move an object over a given path
subject to a given force.
English
Work
Romanian
Lucru mecanic
Polish
Praca
Spanish
Trabajo
Greek

Italian
Lavoro
French
Travail
Turkish
Definition
A point at which a graph intersects the x-axis.
English
x-intercept
Romanian
Intersecia cu axa OX
Polish
Punkt przecicia wykresu fu
Spanish
Ordenada en el origen
Greek

Italian
Intercepta dellasse x
French
Turkish
Page127 of 130
Definition
The plane formed by the x-axis and the z-axis.
English
x-z Plane
Romanian
Planul x-z
Polish
Paszczyzna X-Z
Spanish
Plano x-z
Greek
xz-
Italian
Piano x-z
French
Plan des x-z
Turkish
Definition
A point at which a graph intersects the y-axis.
English
y-intercept
Romanian
Intersecia cu OY
Polish
Punkt przecicia wykresu fu
Spanish
Interseccin en el eje OY
Greek

Italian
Intercepta dellasse y
French
Turkish
Definition
The plane formed by the y-axis and the z-axis.
English
y-z Plane
Romanian
Planul y-z
Polish
Paszczyzna Y-Z
Spanish
Plano y-z
Greek
yz-
Italian
Piano y-z
French
Plan des y-z
Turkish
Definition
The number which indicates no quantity, size, or magnitude. Zero is neither negative nor
positive. Zero is the additive identity.
English
Zero
Romanian
Zero
Polish
Zero
Spanish
Cero
Greek

Italian
Zero
French
Zro
Turkish
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Definition
The property of a point that indicates no motion is possible without leaving that point.
Formally, saying a point has zero dimensions means that the only vector contained on the
English
Zero Dimensions
Romanian
Dimensiune zero
Polish
Przestrze zerowymiarowa
Spanish
Dimension cero
Greek

Italian
Zero dimensionalale
French
Dimension zro
Turkish
Definition
A matrix for which all elements are equal to 0.
English
Zero Matrix
Romanian
Matricea nul
Polish
Macierz zerowa
Spanish
Matriz nula
Greek

Italian
Matrice Nulla
French
Matrice nulle
Turkish
Definition
A value of x which makes a function f(x) equal 0. A zero may be real or complex.
English
Zero of a Function
Romanian
Zero-ul unei funcii
Polish
Miejsca zerowe funkcji
Spanish
Cero de una funcin
Greek

Italian
Zero di una funzione
French
Zros dune fonction
Turkish
Definition
The slope of a horizontal line. A horizontal line has slope 0 because all its points have the
same y-coordinate.
English
Zero Slope
Romanian
Panta zero
Polish
Kt nachylenia lini poziomej
Spanish
Greek

Italian
Zero inclinazione,coefficente
angolare uguale a zero
French
Pente zro
Turkish
Page129 of 130
Definition
A vector with magnitude zero.
English
Zero Vector
Romanian
Vectorul nul
Polish
Wektor zerowy
Spanish
Vector nulo
Greek

Italian
Vettore Nullo
French
Vecteur nul
Turkish
Definition
A point at which a graph intersects the z-axis.
English
z-intercept
Romanian
Intersecia cu OZ
Polish
Punkt przecicia wykresu fu
Spanish
Interseccin con el eje OZ
Greek

Italian
Intercepta dellasse z
French
Turkish
Page130 of 130