Ecat Law Book Domain Names

ECTA LAW BOOK X
DOMAIN NAMES

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ECTA LAW BOOK X

DOMAIN NAMES

ECTA February 2014
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photocopy,
microfilm or any other means, without the prior written permission of the
publisher.

This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and ECTA does
not assume any liability for its contents.
CONTENTS

I. FOREWORD1

II. REGULATIONS..7

Part 1

- Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the
Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level
Domain ....................................................................................................... 9

Part 2
- Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public
policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top
Level Domain and principles governing registration ............................... 21

Part 3
- Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005 of 10 October 2005 amending
Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning
the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the
principles governing registration .................................................................. 43

Part 4
- Regulation (EC) No 1255/2007 of 25 October 2007 amending
Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy
rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level
Domain and the principles governing registration ................................... 63

Part 5
- Regulation (EC) No 560/2009 of 26 June 2009 amending Regulation
(EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the
implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the
principles governing registration .............................................................. 83

III. EURID (WWW.EURID.EU) ....................................................... 125

Part 1
- Terms and Conditions ..................................................................... 127

Part 2
- Registration Policy .......................................................................... 145

IV. ARBITRATION CENTER (WWW.ADR.EU) ............................. 161

Part 1
- ADR Rules ....................................................................................... 163

Part 2
- ADR Supplemental Rules .191

V. OVERVIEW OF CAC PANEL VIEWS ON SEVERAL
QUESTIONS OF THE ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
FOR .EU DOMAIN NAME DISPUTES, CZECH ARBITRATION
COURT, IN COLLABORATION WITH PROF. DR. THOMAS
HOEREN, ASS. JUR. MATTHIAS FRSTERLING, LL.M. / MGR.
TEREZA BARTOKOV .......................................................... 207

VI. DECISIONS ON .EU: JUNE 2007 THROUGH JUNE 2013:
CATEGORIZATION MARIE-EMMANUELLE HAAS .............. 257

ECTA February 2014 1
I. FOREWORD
2 ECTA February 2014

I. Foreword

After the first initiative to establish a European top-level domain (TLD)
had already been taken in 1999 by the European Council, the .eu TLD
was approved by ICANN in March 2005 and subsequently opened for
registration in December 2005.

The purpose of the creation of this European TLD results from recital 6 of
Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 of 22 April 2002: Through the .eu TLD,
the Internal market should acquire higher visibility in the virtual market
place based on the Internet. The .eu TLD should provide a clearly
identified link with the Community, the associated legal framework, and
the European market place. It should enable undertakings, organisations
and natural persons within the Community to register in a specific domain
which will make this link obvious. As such, the .eu TLD will not only be a
key building block for electronic commerce in Europe but will also support
the objectives of Article 14 of the Treaty.

Today, roughly eight years after its implementation the .eu TLD is well
established in the worlds digital landscape and enjoys a good
acceptance by the users. It results from the statistics provided by EURid,
the registry that manages the .eu country code top-level domain, in its
Quarterly report (First Quarter 2013)
1
, that more than 3.7 million .eu
names are currently registered. Accordingly, .eu is ranked as the worlds
eleventh largest TLD (July 2013).The renewal rates remain strong at an
average of 79% (First Quarter 2013) which is roughly in line with the
renewal rates of around 80-82,9% in the last years. It is also interesting to
note that many companies and brands use a .eu website for their
business, including Bridgestone, Fairtrade International, Foot Locker,
Hyundai, Louis Vuitton, MAN Group, Microsoft Corporation, Orangina,
Toyota, UniCredit Group and many others.

An important innovation introduced into the international legal framework
ruling TLDs by Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying
down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of
the .eu TLD and principles governing registration (subsequently amended
by three Regulations reproduced in this book) is to be noted: in fact this
Regulation does not only entitle right holders who believe they have a
right to a domain name to contest the registration of that domain name if
the current holder has registered the name for speculative or abusive
purposes but additionally grants those right holders the choice to either
enforce their rights through Alternative Dispute Resolution proceedings
(.eu ADR) or through ordinary legal proceedings before the competent
national court.

1
http://www.eurid.eu/files/publ/quarterly_2013_Q1.pdf
The .eu ADR procedure is administered very effectively by the Czech
Arbitration Court (CAC) that was selected as the exclusive .eu ADR
Provider by EURid and the European Commission. Established in 1949,
the CAC is an independent Not For Profit organisation based in Prague
and attached to the Economic Chamber of the Czech Republic and
Agricultural Chamber of the Czech Republic. The CAC established an
efficient system for .eu ADR and offers this service in the 24 official and
working languages. The proceedings are conducted in a fast and
convenient way by electronic means only, using the CACs specific on-
line platform (www.adr.eu).

Both, the CAC and EURid regularly take initiatives to render the .eu TLD
and the .eu ADR system more attractive for users and more competitive
in the European digital landscape, including initiatives to lower the cost of
the procedures.

While right holders rarely bring their .eu TLD cases before ordinary
national courts, close to 1,000 proceedings have been brought before the
CAC and more than 900 decisions have been issued and published,
according to the statistics provided by the CAC, since the initiation of the
first .eu ADR proceeding in March 2006. Cases take an average of four
months to be resolved. The CAC Panels developed consensus or clear
majority views on many legal topics. However, there are other topics,
where the Panels views diverge. Differences of opinion amongst the
Panels may be due to the Panelists different legal background since they
originate from many different states. Furthermore, decisions are to be
taken in consideration of the specific circumstances of any single case
and those circumstances might not always be comparable. However,
legal certainty and predictability of decisions is essential for the
successful functioning of the .eu ADR system and therefore for the further
acceptance and development of the .eu ADR system and consequently of
the .eu TLD.

In the light of the above, this book presents two important initiatives
intended to facilitate the parties and Panels involved in an .eu ADR
proceeding not only systematic access to relevant CAC decisions but
also to guide parties and Panels for the identification of consensus views
and minority opinions among the CAC Panels concerning frequently
rising questions: (1) an overview of CAC Panel views on several
questions of the .eu ADR domain name disputes prepared by the Institute
for Information-, Telecommunication- and Media Law (Mnster,
Germany) and (2) a categorization of .eu ADR decisions published
between June 2007 and June 2013 compiled by Marie-Emmanuelle Haas
(Paris, France). It is hoped that users of the .eu ADR system may
welcome these contributions and benefit from them.

It will be interesting to observe if and how the .eu TLD will be able to
defend its position in the domain name space as one of the worlds
important TLDs and which further initiatives will be taken for that purpose.
One thing, however, already seems clear at this stage: the imminent
release of hundreds of new gTLDs that constitutes the most important
change of the internet since its creation will certainly increase competition
amongst the well established old TLDs and these so-called new TLDs.

This will certainly be a new challenge for the .eu TLD.

We wish to offer a special thank you to Tobias Malte Mueller for the
invaluable contribution he made to this book

Domenico de Simone
ECTA President
Marie-Emmanuelle Haas
Chair of ECTA Internet Committee


II. REGULATIONS
Part 1

Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on
the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain
REGULATIONS
Part 1
REGULATION (EC) No 733/2002 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
AND OF THE COUNCIL

of 22 April 2002

on the implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain

(Text with EEA relevance)

THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE
EUROPEAN UNION,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and
in particular Article 156 thereof,

Having regard to the proposal from the Commission
1
,

Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee
2
,

Following consultation of the Committee of the Regions,

Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the
Treaty
3
,

Whereas:

(1) The creation of the .eu Top Level Domain (TLD) is included as one of
the targets to accelerate electronic commerce in the e-Europe initiative as
endorsed by the European Council at its meeting in Lisbon on 23 and 24
March 2000.

(2) The communication from the Commission to the Council and the
European Parliament on the organisation and management of the
Internet refers to the creation of the .eu TLD and the Council resolution of
3 October 2000 on the organisation and management of the Internet
4

charges the Commission to encourage the coordination of policies in
relation to the management of the Internet.

1
OJ C 96 E, 27.3.2001, p. 333.
2
OJ C 155, 29.5.2001, p. 10.
3
Opinion of the European Parliament of 4 July 2001 (OJ C 65 E, 14.3.2002, p.
147), Council Common Position of 6 November 2001 (OJ C 45 E, 19.2.2002, p.
53) and Decision of the European Parliament of 28 February 2002 (not yet
published in the Official Journal). Council Decision of 25 March 2002.
4
OJ C 293, 14.10.2000, p. 3.
(3) TLDs are an integral part of the Internet infrastructure. They are an
essential element of the global interoperability of the World Wide Web
(WWW or the Web). The connection and presence permitted by the
allocation of domain names and the related addresses allow users to
locate computers and websites on the Web. TLDs are also an integral
part of every Internet e-mail address.

(4) The .eu TLD should promote the use of, and access to, the Internet
networks and the virtual market place based on the Internet, in
accordance with Article 154(2) of the Treaty, by providing a
complementary registration domain to existing country code Top Level
Domains (ccTLDs) or global registration in the generic Top Level
Domains, and should in consequence increase choice and competition.

(5) The .eu TLD should improve the interoperability of trans-European
networks, in accordance with Articles 154 and 155 of the Treaty, by
ensuring the availability of .eu name servers in the Community. This will
affect the topology and technical infrastructure of the Internet in Europe
which will benefit from an additional set of name servers in the
Community.

(6) Through the .eu TLD, the Internal market should acquire higher
visibility in the virtual market place based on the Internet. The .eu TLD
should provide a clearly identified link with the Community, the
associated legal framework, and the European market place. It should
enable undertakings, organisations and natural persons within the
Community to register in a specific domain which will make this link
obvious. As such, the .eu TLD will not only be a key building block for
electronic commerce in Europe but will also support the objectives of
Article 14 of the Treaty.

(7) The .eu TLD can accelerate the benefits of the information society in
Europe as a whole, play a role in the integration of future Member States
into the European Union, and help combat the risk of digital divide with
neighbouring countries. It is therefore to be expected that this Regulation
will be extended to the European Economic Area and that amendments
may be sought to the existing arrangements between the European
Union and European third countries, with a view to accommodating the
requirements of the .eu TLD so that entities in those countries may
participate in it.

(8) This Regulation is without prejudice to Community law in the field of
personal data protection. This Regulation should be implemented in
compliance with the principles relating to privacy and the protection of
personal data.

(9) Internet management has generally been based on the principles of
non-interference, self-management and self regulation. To the extent
REGULATIONS
Part 1
possible and without prejudice to Community law, these principles should
also apply to the .eu ccTLD. The implementation of the .eu TLD may take
into consideration best practices in this regard and could be supported by
voluntary guidelines or codes of conduct where appropriate.

(10) The establishment of the .eu TLD should contribute to the promotion
of the European Union image on the global information networks and
bring an added value to the Internet naming system in addition to the
national ccTLDs.

(11) The objective of this Regulation is to establish the conditions of
implementation of the .eu TLD, to provide for the designation of a
Registry and establish the general policy framework within which the
Registry will function. National ccTLDs are not covered by this
Regulation.

(12) The Registry is the entity charged with the organisation,
administration and management of the .eu TLD, including maintenance of
the corresponding databases and the associated public query services,
the accreditation of Registrars, the registration of domain names applied
for by accredited Registrars, the operation of the TLD name servers and
the dissemination of TLD zone files. Public query services associated
with the TLD are referred to as Who is queries. Who is-type databases
should be in conformity with Community law on data protection and
privacy. Access to these databases provides information on a domain
name holder and is an essential tool in boosting user confidence.

(13) After publishing a call for expressions of interest in the Official
Journal of the European Communities, the Commission should, on the
basis of an open, transparent and non-discriminatory selection
procedure, designate a Registry. The Commission should enter into a
contract with the selected Registry which should specify the conditions
applying to the Registry for the organisation, administration and
management of the .eu TLD and which should be limited in time and
renewable.

(14) The Commission, acting on behalf of the Community, has requested
the delegation of the EUcode for the purpose of creating an Internet
ccTLD. On 25 September 2000, the Internet Corporation for Assigned
Names and Numbers (ICANN) issued a resolution providing that alpha-2
codes are delegable as ccTLDs only in cases where the ISO 3166
Maintenance Agency, on its exceptional reservation list, has issued a
reservation of the code that covers any application of ISO 3166-1 that
needs a coded representation in the name of the country, territory or area
involved. Such conditions are met by the EUcode which is therefore
delegable to the Community.
(15) ICANN is at present responsible for coordinating the delegation of
codes representing ccTLD to Registries. The Council resolution of 3
October 2000 encourages the implementation of the principles applied to
ccTLD Registries adopted by the Governmental Advisory Committee
(GAC). The Registry should enter into a contract with ICANN respecting
the GAC principles.

(16) The adoption of a public policy addressing speculative and abusive
registration of domain names should provide that holders of prior rights
recognised or established by national and/or Community law and public
bodies will benefit from a specific period of time (a sunrise period) during
which the registration of their domain names is exclusively reserved to
such holders of prior rights recognised or established by national and/or
Community law and public bodies.

(17) Domain names should not be revoked arbitrarily. A revocation may,
however, be obtained in particular should a domain name be manifestly
contrary to public order. The revocation policy should nevertheless
provide for a timely and efficient mechanism.

(18) Rules should be adopted on the question of bona vacantia to
address the status of domain names the registration of which is not
renewed or which, for example because of succession law, are left
without holder.

(19) The new .eu TLD registry should not be empowered to create
second-level domains using alpha-2 codes representing countries.

(20) Within the framework established by this Regulation, the public
policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu TLD
and the public policy principles on registration, various options including
the first come, first served method should be considered when
registration policy is formulated.

(21) When reference is made to interested parties, provision should be
made for consultation encompassing, in particular, public authorities,
undertakings, organisations and natural persons. The Registry could
establish an advisory body to organise such consultation. 30.4.2002 EN
Official Journal of the European Communities L 113/3

(22) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Regulation,
including criteria for the selection procedure of the Registry, the
designation of the Registry, as well as the adoption of public policy rules,
should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of
28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of
implementing powers conferred on the Commission
5
.

5
OJ L 184, 17.7.1999, p. 23.
REGULATIONS
Part 1
(23) Since the objective of the proposed action, namely to implement the
.eu TLD, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can
therefore, by reason of the scale and effects of the action, be better
achieved at Community level, the Community may adopt measures, in
accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the
Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality as set out in
that Article, this Regulation does not go beyond what is necessary in
order to achieve that objective,

HAVE ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

Objective and scope

1. The objective of this Regulation is to implement the .eu country code
Top Level Domain (ccTLD) within the Community. The Regulation sets
out the conditions for such implementation, including the designation of a
Registry, and establishes the general policy framework within which the
Registry will function.

2. This Regulation shall apply without prejudice to arrangements in
Member States regarding national ccTLDs.

Article 2

Definitions

For the purposes of this Regulation:

(a) Registry means the entity entrusted with the organisation,
administration and management of the .eu TLD including maintenance of
the corresponding databases and the associated public query services,
registration of domain names, operation of the Registry of domain names,
operation of the Registry TLD name servers and dissemination of TLD
zone files;

(b) Registrar means a person or entity that, via contract with the
Registry, provides domain name registration services to registrants.

Article 3

Characteristics of the Registry
1. The Commission shall:

(a) establish, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 6(3),
the criteria and the procedure for the designation of the Registry;

(b) designate, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 6(2),
the Registry after publishing a call for expressions of interest in the
Official Journal of the European Communities and after the procedure for
such call has been completed;

(c) enter into, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 6(2),
a contract which shall specify the conditions according to which the
Commission supervises the organisation, administration and
management of the .eu TLD by the Registry. The contract between the
Commission and the Registry shall be limited in time and renewable.

The Registry may not accept registrations until the registration policy is in
place.

2. The Registry shall be a non-profit organisation, formed in accordance
with the law of a Member State and having its registered office, central
administration and principal place of business within the Community.

3. Having obtained the prior consent of the Commission, the Registry
shall enter into the appropriate contract providing for the delegation of the
.eu ccTLD code. To this effect the relevant principles adopted by the
Governmental Advisory Committee shall be taken into account.

4. The .eu TLD Registry shall not act itself as Registrar.

Article 4

Obligations of the Registry

1. The Registry shall observe the rules, policies and procedures laid
down in this Regulation and the contracts referred to in Article 3. The
Registry shall observe transparent and non-discriminatory procedures.

2. The Registry shall:

(a) organise, administer and manage the .eu TLD in the general interest
and on the basis of principles of quality, efficiency, reliability and
accessibility;

(b) register domain names in the .eu TLD through any accredited .eu
Registrar requested by any:

(i) undertaking having its registered office, central administration or
principal place of business within the Community, or

(ii) organisation established within the Community without prejudice to
the application of national law, or

REGULATIONS
Part 1
(iii) natural person resident within the Community;

(c) impose fees directly related to costs incurred;

(d) implement the extra-judicial settlement of conflicts policy based on
recovery of costs and a procedure to resolve promptly disputes between
domain name holders regarding rights relating to names including
intellectual property rights as well as disputes in relation to individual
decisions by the Registry. This policy shall be adopted in accordance with
Article 5(1) and take into consideration the recommendations of the
World Intellectual Property Organisation. The policy shall provide
adequate procedural guaranties for the parties concerned, and shall
apply without prejudice to any court proceeding; L 113/4 EN Official
Journal of the European Communities 30.4.2002

(e) adopt procedures for, and carry out, accreditation of .eu Registrars
and ensure effective and fair conditions of competition among .eu
Registrars;

(f) ensure the integrity of the databases of domain names.

Article 5

Policy framework

1. After consulting the Registry and following the procedure referred to in
Article 6(3), the Commission shall adopt public policy rules concerning
the implementation and functions of the .eu TLD and the public policy
principles on registration. Public policy shall include:

(a) an extra-judicial settlement of conflicts policy;

(b) public policy on speculative and abusive registration of domain names
including the possibility of registrations of domain names in a phased
manner to ensure appropriate temporary opportunities for the holders of
prior rights recognised or established by national and/or Community law
and for public bodies to register their names;

(c) policy on possible revocation of domain names, including the question
of bona vacantia,

(d) issues of language and geographical concepts;

(e) treatment of intellectual property and other rights.

2. Within three months of the entry into force of this Regulation, Member
States may notify to the Commission and to the other Member States a
limited list of broadly-recognised names with regard to geographical
and/or geopolitical concepts which affect their political or territorial
organisation that may either:

(a) not be registered, or

(b) be registered only under a second level domain according to the
public policy rules.

The Commission shall notify to the Registry without delay the list of
notified names to which such criteria apply. The Commission shall
publish the list at the same time as it notifies the Registry.

Where a Member State or the Commission within 30 days of publication
raises an objection to an item included in a notified list, the Commission
shall take measures, in accordance with the procedure referred to in
Article 6(3), to remedy the situation.

3. Before starting registration operations, the Registry shall adopt the
initial registration policy for the .eu TLD in consultation with the
Commission and other interested parties. The Registry shall implement in
the registration policy the public policy rules adopted pursuant to
paragraph 1 taking into account the exception lists referred to in
paragraph 2.

4. The Commission shall periodically inform the Committee referred to in
Article 6 on the activities referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article.

Article 6

Committee

1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Communications Committee
established by Article 22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory
framework for electronic communications networks and services
(Framework Directive)
6
. Until the Communications Committee is
established pursuant to Decision 1999/468/EC, the Commission shall be
assisted by the Committee established by Article 9 of Council Directive
90/387/EEC of 28 June 1990 on the establishment of the internal market
for telecommunication services through the implementation of open
network provision
7
.

6
OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33.
7
OJ L 192, 24.7.1990, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Directive 97/51/EC of
the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 295, 29.10.1997, p. 23).
REGULATIONS
Part 1
2. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 3 and 7 of
Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of
Article 8 thereof.

3. Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of
Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of
Article 8 thereof.

The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set
at three months.

4. The Committee shall adopt its rules of procedure.

Article 7

Reservation of rights

The Community shall retain all rights relating to the .eu TLD including, in
particular, intellectual property rights and other rights to the Registry
databases required to ensure the implementation of this Regulation and
the right to re-designate the Registry.

Article 8

Implementation report

The Commission shall submit a report to the European Parliament and
the Council on the implementation, effectiveness and functioning of the
.eu TLD one year after the adoption of this Regulation and thereafter
every two years.

Article 9

Entry into force

This Regulation shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the
Official Journal of the European Communities.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all
Member States.

Done at Luxembourg, 22 April 2002.

For the European Parliament
The President
P. COX

For the Council
The President
M. ARIAS CAETE

Part 2

Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004 of 28 April 2004
laying down public policy rules concerning the
implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level
Domain and principles governing registration
REGULATIONS
PART 2
COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004

laying down public policy rules concerning the implementation and
functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing
registration


THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,

Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community,

Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of
the .eu Top Level Domain
1
, and in particular Article 5(1) thereof,

Having consulted the Registry in accordance with Article 5(1) of
Regulation (EC) No 733/2002,

Whereas:

(1) The initial implementation stages of the .eu Top Level Domain (TLD),
to be created pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, have been
completed by designating a legal entity, established within the
Community to administer and manage the .eu TLD Registry function. The
Registry, designated by Commission Decision 2003/375/ EC
2
, is required
to be a non-profit organisation that should operate and provide services
on a cost covering basis and at an affordable price.

(2) Requesting a domain name should be possible through electronic
means in a simple, speedy and efficient procedure, in all official
languages of the Community, through accredited registrars.

(3) Accreditation of registrars should be carried out by the Registry
following a procedure that ensures fair and open competition between
Registrars. The accreditation process should be objective, transparent
and non-discriminatory. Only parties who meet certain basic technical
requirements to be determined by the Registry should be eligible for
accreditation.

(4) Registrars should only accept applications for the registration of
domain names filed after their accreditation and should forward them in
the chronological order in which they were received.

1
OJ L 113, 30.4.2002, p. 1.
2
OJ L 128, 24.5.2003, p. 29.
(5) To ensure better protection of consumers' rights, and without
prejudice to any Community rules concerning jurisdiction and applicable
law, the applicable law in disputes between registrars and registrants on
matters concerning Community titles should be the law of one of the
Member States.

(6) Registrars should require accurate contact information from their
clients, such as full name, address of domicile, telephone number and
electronic mail, as well as information concerning a natural or legal
person responsible for the technical operation of the domain name.

(7) The Registry policy should promote the use of all the official
languages of the Community.

(8) Pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, Member States may
request that their official name and the name under which they are
commonly known should not be registered directly under .eu TLD
otherwise than by their national government. Countries that are expected
to join the European Union later than May 2004 should be enabled to
block their official names and the names under which they are commonly
known, so that they can be registered at a later date.

(9) A Member State should be authorised to designate an operator that
will register as a domain name its official name and the name under
which it is commonly known. Similarly, the Commission should be
authorised to select domain names for use by the institutions of the
Community, and to designate the operator of those domain names. The
Registry should be empowered to reserve a number of specified domain
names for its operational functions.

(10) In accordance with Article 5(2) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, a
number of Member States have notified to the Commission and to other
Member States a limited list of broadly-recognised names with regard to
geographical and/or geopolitical concepts which affect their political or
territorial organisation. Such lists include names that could either not be
registered or which could be registered only under the second level
domain in accordance with the public policy rules. The names included in
these lists are not subject to the first-come first-served principle.

(11) The principle of first-come-first-served should be the basic principle
for resolving a dispute between holders of prior rights during the phased
registration. After the termination of the phased registration the principle
of first come first served should apply in the allocation of domain names.

(12) In order to safeguard prior rights recognised by Community or
national law, a procedure for phased registration should be put in place.
Phased registration should take place in two phases, with the aim of
ensuring that holders of prior rights have appropriate opportunities to
REGULATIONS
PART 2
register the names on which they hold prior rights. The Registry should
ensure that validation of the rights is performed by appointed validation
agents. On the basis of evidence provided by the applicants, validation
agents should assess the right which is claimed for a particular name.
Allocation of that name should then take place on a first-come, first-
served basis if there are two or more applicants for a domain name, each
having a prior right.

(13) The Registry should enter into an appropriate escrow agreement to
ensure continuity of service, and in particular to ensure that in the event
of re-delegation or other unforeseen circumstances it is possible to
continue to provide services to the local Internet community with
minimum disruption. The Registry should also comply with the relevant
data protection rules, principles, guidelines and best practices, notably
concerning the amount and type of data displayed in the WHOIS
database. Domain names considered by a Member State court to be
defamatory, racist or contrary to public policy should be blocked and
eventually revoked once the court decision becomes final. Such domain
names should be blocked from future registrations.

(14) In the event of the death or insolvency of a domain name holder, if
no transfer has been initiated at the expiry of the registration period, the
domain name should be suspended for 40 calendar days. If the heirs or
administrators concerned have not registered the name during that period
it should become available for general registration.

(15) Domain names should be open to revocation by the Registry on a
limited number of specified grounds, after giving the domain name holder
concerned an opportunity to take appropriate measures. Domain names
should also be capable of revocation through an alternative dispute
resolution (ADR) procedure.

(16) The Registry should provide for an ADR procedure which takes into
account the international best practices in this area and in particular the
relevant World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
recommendations, to ensure that speculative and abusive registrations
are avoided as far as possible.

(17) The Registry should select service providers that have appropriate
expertise on the basis of objective, transparent and non-discriminatory
criteria. ADR should respect a minimum of uniform procedural rules,
similar to the ones set out in the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy
adopted by the Internet Corporation of Assigned Names and Numbers
(ICANN).

(18) In view of the impending enlargement of the Union it is imperative
that the system of public policy rules set up by this Regulation enter into
force without delay.
(19) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with
the opinion of the Communications Committee established by Article
22(1) of Directive 2002/21/EC of the European Parliament and of the
Council
3
,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

CHAPTER I

SUBJECT MATTER

Article 1

Subject matter

This Regulation sets out the public policy rules concerning the
implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain (TLD) and the
public policy principles on registration referred to in Article 5(1) of
Regulation (EC) No 733/2002.

CHAPTER II

PRINCIPLES ON REGISTRATION

Article 2

Eligibility and general principles for registration

An eligible party, as listed in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No
733/2002, may register one or more domain names under .eu TLD.

Without prejudice to Chapter IV, a specific domain name shall be
allocated for use to the eligible party whose request has been received
first by the Registry in the technically correct manner and in accordance
with this Regulation. For the purposes of this Regulation, this criterion of
first receipt shall be referred to as the first-come-first-served principle.

Once a domain name is registered it shall become unavailable for further
registration until the registration expires without renewal, or until the
domain name is revoked.

Unless otherwise specified in this Regulation, domain names shall be
registered directly under the .eu TLD.

Domain name registration shall be valid only after the appropriate fee has
been paid by the requesting party.

3
OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33.
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PART 2
Domain names registered under the .eu TLD shall only be transferable to
parties that are eligible for registration of .eu domain names.

Article 3

Requests for domain name registration

The request for domain name registration shall include all of the
following:

(a) the name and address of the requesting party;

(b) a confirmation by electronic means from the requesting party that it
satisfies the general eligibility criteria set out in Article 4(2)(b) of
Regulation (EC) No 733/2002;

(c) an affirmation by electronic means from the requesting party that to its
knowledge the request for domain name registration is made in good faith
and does not infringe any rights of a third party;

(d) an undertaking by electronic means from the requesting party that it
shall abide by all the terms and conditions for registration, including the
policy on the extra-judicial settlement of conflicts set out in Chapter VI.

Any material inaccuracy in the elements set out in points (a) to (d) shall
constitute a breach of the terms of registration.

Any verification by the Registry of the validity of registration applications
shall take place subsequently to the registration at the initiative of the
Registry or pursuant to a dispute for the registration of the domain name
in question, except for applications filed in the course of the phased
registration procedure under Articles 10, 12, and 14.

Article 4

Accreditation of registrars

Only registrars accredited by the Registry shall be permitted to offer
registration services for names under the .eu TLD.

The procedure for the accreditation of registrars shall be determined by
the Registry and shall be reasonable, transparent and non-discriminatory,
and shall ensure effective and fair conditions of competition.

Registrars are required to access and use the Registry's automated
registration systems. The Registry may set further basic technical
requirements for the accreditation of registrars.

The Registry may ask registrars for advance payment of registration fees,
to be set annually by the Registry based on a reasonable market
estimate.

The procedure, terms of accreditation of registrars and the list of
accredited registrars shall be made publicly available by the Registry in
readily accessible form.

Each registrar shall be bound by contract with the Registry to observe the
terms of accreditation and in particular to comply with the public policy
principles set out in this Regulation.

Article 5

Provisions for registrars

Without prejudice to any rule governing jurisdiction and applicable law,
agreements between the Registrar and the registrant of a domain name
cannot designate, as applicable law, a law other than the law of one of
the Member States, nor can they designate a dispute-resolution body,
unless selected by the Registry pursuant to Article 23, nor an arbitration
court or a court located outside the Community.
A registrar who receives more than one registration request for the same
name shall forward those requests to the Registry in the chronological
order in which they were received.

Only applications received after the date of accreditation shall be
forwarded to the Registry.

Registrars shall require all applicants to submit accurate and reliable
contact details of at least one natural or legal person responsible for the
technical operation of the domain name that is requested.

Registrars may develop label, authentication and trustmark schemes in
order to promote consumer confidence in the reliability of information that
is available under a domain name that is registered by them, in
accordance with applicable national and Community law.

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CHAPTER III

LANGUAGES AND GEOGRAPHICAL CONCEPTS

Article 6

Languages

Registrations of .eu domain names shall start only after the Registry has
informed the Commission that the filing of applications for the registration
of .eu domain names and communications of decisions concerning
registration is possible in all official languages of the Community,
hereinafter referred to as official languages.

For any communication by the Registry that affects the rights of a party in
conjunction with a registration, such as the grant, transfer, cancellation or
revocation of a domain, the Registry shall ensure that these
communications are possible in all official languages.

The Registry shall perform the registration of domain names in all the
alphabetic characters of the official languages when adequate
international standards become available.

The Registry shall not be required to perform functions using languages
other than the official languages.

Article 7

Procedure for reserved geographical and geopolitical names

For the procedure of raising objections to the lists of broadly recognised
names in accordance with the third subparagraph of Article 5(2) of
Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, objections shall be notified to the
members of the Communications Committee established by Article 22(1)
of Directive 2002/21/EC and to the Director-General of the Commission's
Directorate-General Information Society. The members of the
Communications Committee and the Director-General may designate
other contact points for these notifications.

Objections and designations of contact points shall be notified in the form
of electronic mail, delivery by courier or in person, or by postal delivery
effected by way of registered letter and acknowledgement of receipt.

Upon the resolution of any objections, the Registry shall publish on its
web site two lists of names. The one list shall contain the list of names
that the Commission shall have notified as not registrable. The other list
shall contain the list of names that the Commission shall have notified to
the Registry as registrable only under a second level domain.
Article 8

Country names and alpha-2 codes representing countries

Member States (and acceding countries) may request that their official
name and the name under which they are commonly known in one or
more of the official languages (of the Community as extended in May
2004) shall not be registered directly under the .eu TLD by any person
other than their national government. To that end, each Member State (or
acceding country) shall send the Commission, within two months
following the entry into force of this Regulation, a list of those names
requiring to be reserved, as well as a designation of the body that will
represent the national government in registering the names.

The Commission shall notify the Registry of the names that shall be
reserved and the bodies that represent the national governments in
registering the names.

Candidate countries that are not due to join the European Union in May
2004 and member countries of the European Economic Area that are not
Member States may request that their official name and the name under
which they are commonly known in their own language and in any of the
official languages as from May 2004 shall not be registered directly under
the .eu TLD. To that end, those countries may send the Commission,
within two months following entry into force of this Regulation, a list of
those names which are not to be registered.

The Commission shall notify the Registry of the names that shall not be
registered.

Alpha-2 codes representing countries shall not be used to register
domain names directly under the .eu TLD.

Article 9

Second level domain name for geographical and geopolitical names

Registration of geographical and geopolitical concepts as domain names
in accordance with Article 5(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 may
be provided for by a Member State that has notified the names. This may
be done under any domain name that has been registered by that
Member State.

The Commission may ask the Registry to introduce domain names
directly under the .eu TLD for use by the Community institutions and
bodies. After the entry into force of this Regulation and not later than a
week before the beginning of the phased registration period provided for
in Chapter IV, the Commission shall notify the Registry of the names that
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PART 2
are to be reserved and the bodies that represent the Community
institutions and bodies in registering the names.

CHAPTER IV

PHASED REGISTRATION

Article 10

Eligible parties and the names they can register

1. Holders of prior rights recognised or established by national and/or
Community law and public bodies shall be eligible to apply to register
domain names during a period of phased registration before general
registration of. eu domain starts.

Prior rights shall be understood to include, inter alia, registered national
and community trademarks, geographical indications or designations of
origin, and, in as far as they are protected under national law in the
Member-State where they are held: unregistered trademarks, trade
names, business identifiers, company names, family names, and
distinctive titles of protected literary and artistic works.
Public bodies shall include: institutions and bodies of the Community,
national and local governments, governmental bodies, authorities,
organisations and bodies governed by public law, and international and
intergovernmental organisations.

2. The registration on the basis of a prior right shall consist of the
registration of the complete name for which the prior right exists, as
written in the documentation which proves that such a right exists.

3. The registration by a public body may consist of the complete name of
the public body or the acronym that is generally used. Public bodies that
are responsible for governing a particular geographic territory may also
register the complete name of the territory for which they are responsible,
and the name under which the territory is commonly known.

Article 11

Special characters

As far as the registration of complete names is concerned, where such
names comprise a space between the textual or word elements,
identicality shall be deemed to exist between such complete names and
the same names written with a hyphen between the word elements or
combined in one word in the domain name applied for.

Where the name for which prior rights are claimed contains special
characters, spaces, or punctuations, these shall be eliminated entirely
from the corresponding domain name, replaced with hyphens, or, if
possible, rewritten.

Special character and punctuations as referred to in the second
paragraph shall include the following:

~ @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) + = < > { } [ ] | \ /: ; ' , . ?

Without prejudice to the third paragraph of Article 6, if the prior right name
contains letters which have additional elements that cannot be
reproduced in ASCII code, such as , or , the letters concerned shall
be reproduced without these elements (such as a, e, n), or shall be
replaced by conventionally accepted spellings (such as ae). In all other
respects, the domain name shall be identical to the textual or word
elements of the prior right name.

Article 12

Principles for phased registration

1. Phased registration shall not start before 1 May 2004 and only when
the requirement of the first paragraph of Article 6 is fulfilled and the period
provided for in Article 8 has expired.

The Registry shall publish the date on which phased registration shall
start at least two months in advance and shall inform all accredited
Registrars accordingly.

The Registry shall publish on its website two months before the beginning
of the phased registration a detailed description of all the technical and
administrative measures that it shall use to ensure a proper, fair and
technically sound administration of the phased registration period.

2. The duration of the phased registration period shall be four months.
General registration of domain names shall not start prior to the
completion of the phased registration period.

Phased registration shall be comprised of two parts of two months each.

During the first part of phased registration, only registered national and
Community trademarks, geographical indications, and the names and
acronyms referred to in Article 10(3), may be applied for as domain
names by holders or licensees of prior rights and by the public bodies
mentioned in Article 10(1).

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During the second part of phased registration, the names that can be
registered in the first part as well as names based on all other prior rights
can be applied for as domain names by holders of prior rights on those
names.

3. The request to register a domain name based on a prior right under
Article 10(1) and (2) shall include a reference to the legal basis in national
or Community law for the right to the name, as well as other relevant
information, such as trademark registration number, information
concerning publication in an official journal or government gazette,
registration information at professional or business associations and
chambers of commerce.

4. The Registry may make the requests for domain name registration
subject to payment of additional fees, provided that these serve merely to
cover the costs generated by the application of this Chapter. The Registry
may charge differential fees depending upon the complexity of the
process required to validate prior rights.

5. At the end of the phased registration an independent audit shall be
performed at the expense of the Registry and shall report its findings to
the Commission. The auditor shall be appointed by the Registry after
consulting the Commission. The purpose of the audit shall be to confirm
the fair, appropriate and sound operational and technical administration
of the phased registration period by the Registry.

6. To resolve a dispute over a domain name the rules provided in
Chapter VI shall apply.

Article 13

Selection of validation agents

Validation agents shall be legal persons established within the territory of
the Community. Validation agents shall be reputable bodies with
appropriate expertise. The Registry shall select the validation agents in
an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory manner, ensuring the
widest possible geographical diversity. The Registry shall require the
validation agent to execute the validation in an objective, transparent and
non-discriminatory manner.

Member States shall provide for validation concerning the names
mentioned in Article 10(3). To that end, the Member States shall send to
the Commission within two months following entry into force of this
Regulation, a clear indication of the addresses to which documentary
evidence is to be sent for verification. The Commission shall notify the
Registry of these addresses.

The Registry shall publish information about the validation agents at its
website.

Article 14

Validation and registration of applications received during phased
registration

All claims for prior rights under Article 10(1) and (2) must be verifiable by
documentary evidence which demonstrates the right under the law by
virtue of which it exists.

The Registry, upon receipt of the application, shall block the domain
name in question until validation has taken place or until the deadline
passes for receipt of documentation. If the Registry receives more than
one claim for the same domain during the phased registration period,
applications shall be dealt with in strict chronological order.

The Registry shall make available a database containing information
about the domain names applied for under the procedure for phased
registration, the applicants, the Registrar that submitted the application,
the deadline for submission of validation documents, and subsequent
claims on the names.

Every applicant shall submit documentary evidence that shows that he or
she is the holder of the prior right claimed on the name in question. The
documentary evidence shall be submitted to a validation agent indicated
by the Registry. The applicant shall submit the evidence in such a way
that it shall be received by the validation agent within forty days from the
submission of the application for the domain name. If the documentary
evidence has not been received by this deadline, the application for the
domain name shall be rejected.

Validation agents shall time-stamp documentary evidence upon receipt.

Validation agents shall examine applications for any particular domain
name in the order in which the application was received at the Registry.

The relevant validation agent shall examine whether the applicant that is
first in line to be assessed for a domain name and that has submitted the
documentary evidence before the deadline has prior rights on the name.
If the documentary evidence has not been received in time or if the
validation agent finds that the documentary evidence does not
substantiate a prior right, he shall notify the Registry of this.

If the validation agent finds that prior rights exist regarding the application
for a particular domain name that is first in line, he shall notify the
Registry accordingly.
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This examination of each claim in chronological order of receipt shall be
followed until a claim is found for which prior rights on the name in
question are confirmed by a validation agent.

The Registry shall register the domain name, on the first come first
served basis, if it finds that the applicant has demonstrated a prior right in
accordance with the procedure set out in the second, third and fourth
paragraphs.

CHAPTER V

RESERVATIONS, WHOIS DATA AND IMPROPER REGISTRATIONS

Article 15

Escrow agreement

1. The Registry shall, at its own expense, enter into an agreement with a
reputable trustee or other escrow agent established within the territory of
the Community designating the Commission as the beneficiary of the
escrow agreement. The Commission shall give its consent to that
agreement before it is concluded. The Registry shall submit to the escrow
agent on a daily basis an electronic copy of the current content of the .eu
database.

2. The agreement shall provide that the data shall be held by the escrow
agent on the following terms and conditions:

(a) the data shall be received and held in escrow, undergoing no
procedure other than verification that it is complete, consistent, and in
proper format, until it is released to the Commission;

(b) the data shall be released from escrow upon expiration without
renewal or upon termination of the contract between the Registry and the
Commission for any of the reasons described therein and irrespectively of
any disputes or litigation between the Commission and the Registry;

(c) in the event that the escrow is released, the Commission shall have
the exclusive, irrevocable, royalty-free right to exercise or to have
exercised all rights necessary to re-designate the Registry;

(d) if the contract with the Registry is terminated the Commission, with
the cooperation of the Registry, shall take all necessary steps to transfer
the administrative and operational responsibility for the .eu TLD and any
reserve funds to such party as the Commission may designate: in that
event, the Registry shall make all efforts to avoid disruption of the service
and shall in particular continue to update the information that is subject to
the escrow until the time of completion of the transfer.
Article 16

WHOIS database

The purpose of the WHOIS database shall be to provide reasonably
accurate and up to date information about the technical and
administrative points of contact administering the domain names under
the .eu TLD.

The WHOIS database shall contain information about the holder of a
domain name that is relevant and not excessive in relation to the purpose
of the database. In as far as the information is not strictly necessary in
relation to the purpose of the database, and if the domain name holder is
a natural person, the information that is to be made publicly available
shall be subject to the unambiguous consent of the domain name holder.
The deliberate submission of inaccurate information shall constitute
grounds for considering the domain name registration to have been in
breach of the terms of registration.

Article 17

Names reserved by the Registry

The following names shall be reserved for the operational functions of the
Registry:

eurid.eu, registry.eu, nic.eu, dns.eu, internic.eu, whois.eu, das.eu,
coc.eu, eurethix.eu, eurethics.eu, euthics.eu

Article 18

Improper registrations

Where a domain name is considered by a Court of a Member State to be
defamatory, racist or contrary to public policy, it shall be blocked by the
Registry upon notification of a Court decision and shall be revoked upon
notification of a final court decision. The Registry shall block from future
registration those names which have been subject to such a court order
for as long as such order remains valid.

Article 19

Death and winding up

1. If the domain name holder dies during the registration period of the
domain name, the executors of his or her estate, or his or her legal heirs,
may request transfer of the name to the heirs along with submission of
the appropriate documentation.
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If, on expiry of the registration period, no transfer has been initiated, the
domain name shall be suspended for a period of 40 calendar days and
shall be published on the Registry's website. During this period the
executors or the legal heirs may apply to register the name along with
submission of the appropriate documentation. If the heirs have not
registered the name during that 40-day period, the domain name shall
hereafter become available for general registration.

2. If the domain name holder is an undertaking, a legal or natural person,
or an organisation that becomes subject to insolvency proceedings,
winding up, cessation of trading, winding up by court order or any similar
proceeding provided for by national law, during the registration period of
the domain name, then the legally appointed administrator of the domain
name holder may request transfer to the purchaser of the domain name
holders assets along with submission of the appropriate documentation.
If, on expiry of the registration period, no transfer has been initiated, the
domain name shall be suspended for a period of forty calendar days and
shall be published on the registry's website. During this period the
administrator may apply to register the name along with submission of
appropriate documentation. If the administrator has not registered the
name during that 40-day period, the domain name shall thereafter
become available for general registration.

CHAPTER VI

REVOCATION AND SETTLEMENT OF CONFLICTS

Article 20

Revocation of domain names

The Registry may revoke a domain name at its own initiative and without
submitting the dispute to any extrajudicial settlement of conflicts,
exclusively on the following grounds:

(a) outstanding unpaid debts owed to the Registry;

(b) holder's non-fulfilment of the general eligibility criteria pursuant to
Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) 733/2002;

(c) holder's breach of the terms of registration under Article 3.

The Registry shall lay down a procedure in accordance with which it may
revoke domain names on these grounds. This procedure shall include a
notice to the domain name holder and shall afford him an opportunity to
take appropriate measures.

Revocation of a domain name, and where necessary its subsequent
transfer, may also be effected in accordance with a decision issued by an
extrajudicial settlement body.

Article 21

Speculative and abusive registrations

1. A registered domain name shall be subject to revocation, using an
appropriate extra-judicial or judicial procedure, where that name is
identical or confusingly similar to a name in respect of which a right is
recognised or established by national and/or Community law, such as the
rights mentioned in Article 10(1), and where it:

(a) has been registered by its holder without rights or legitimate interest in
the name; or

(b) has been registered or is being used in bad faith.

2. A legitimate interest within the meaning of point (a) of paragraph 1 may
be demonstrated where:

(a) prior to any notice of an alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
procedure, the holder of a domain name has used the domain name or a
name corresponding to the domain name in connection with the offering
of goods or services or has made demonstrable preparation to do so;

(b) the holder of a domain name, being an undertaking, organisation or
natural person, has been commonly known by the domain name, even in
the absence of a right recognised or established by national and/or
Community law;

(c) the holder of a domain name is making a legitimate and non-
commercial or fair use of the domain name, without intent to mislead
consumers or harm the reputation of a name on which a right is
recognised or established by national and/or Community law.

3. Bad faith, within the meaning of point (b) of paragraph 1 may be
demonstrated, where:

(a) circumstances indicate that the domain name was registered or
acquired primarily for the purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise
transferring the domain name to the holder of a name in respect of which
a right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law or
to a public body; or

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(b) the domain name has been registered in order to prevent the holder of
such a name in respect of which a right is recognised or established by
national and/or Community law, or a public body, from reflecting this
name in a corresponding domain name, provided that:

(i) a pattern of such conduct by the registrant can be demonstrated; or

(ii) the domain name has not been used in a relevant way for at least
two years from the date of registration; or

(iii) in circumstances where, at the time the ADR procedure was
initiated, the holder of a domain name in respect of which a right is
recognised or established by national and/or Community law or the
holder of a domain name of a public body has declared his/its intention
to use the domain name in a relevant way but fails to do so within six
months of the day on which the ADR procedure was initiated;

(c) the domain name was registered primarily for the purpose of
disrupting the professional activities of a competitor; or

(d) the domain name was intentionally used to attract Internet users, for
commercial gain, to the holder of a domain name website or other on-line
location, by creating a likelihood of confusion with a name on which a
right is recognised or established by national and/or Community law or a
name of a public body, such likelihood arising as to the source,
sponsorship, affiliation or endorsement of the website or location or of a
product or service on the website or location of the holder of a domain
name; or

(e) the domain name registered is a personal name for which no
demonstrable link exists between the domain name holder and the
domain name registered.

4. The provisions in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 may not be invoked so as to
obstruct claims under national law.

Article 22

Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure

1. An ADR procedure may be initiated by any party where:

(a) the registration is speculative or abusive within the meaning of Article
21; or

(b) a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with this Regulation or with

2. Participation in the ADR procedure shall be compulsory for the holder
of a domain name and the Registry.

3. A fee for the ADR shall be paid by the complainant.

4. Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, or specified otherwise in the
registration agreement between registrar and domain name holder, the
language of the administrative proceeding shall be the language of that
agreement. This rule shall be subject to the authority of the panel to
determine otherwise, having regard to the circumstances of the case.

5. The complaints and the responses to those complaints must be
submitted to an ADR provider chosen by the complainant from the list
referred to in the first paragraph of Article 23. That submission shall be
made in accordance with this Regulation and the published
supplementary procedures of the ADR provider.

6. As soon as a request for ADR is properly filed with the ADR provider
and the appropriate fee is paid, the ADR provider shall inform the
Registry of the identity of the complainant and the domain name involved.
The Registry shall suspend the domain name involved from cancellation
or transfer until the dispute resolution proceedings or subsequent legal
proceedings are complete and the decision has been notified to the
Registry.

7. The ADR provider shall examine the complaint for compliance with its
rules of procedure, with the provisions of this Regulation and with
Regulation (EC) No 733/2002, and, unless non-compliance is
established, shall forward the complaint to the respondent within five
working days following receipt of the fees to be paid by the complainant.

8. Within 30 working days of the date of receipt of the complaint the
respondent shall submit a response to the provider.

9. Any written communication to a complainant or respondent shall be
made by the preferred means stated by the complainant or respondent,
respectively, or in the absence of such specification electronically via the
Internet, provided that a record of transmission is available.

All communications concerning the ADR procedure to the holder of a
domain name that is subject to an ADR procedure shall be sent to the
address information that is available to the Registrar that maintains the
registration of the domain name in accordance with the terms and
conditions of registration.

10. Failure of any of the parties involved in an ADR procedure to respond
within the given deadlines or appear to a panel hearing may be
considered as grounds to accept the claims of the counterparty.
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11. In the case of a procedure against a domain name holder, the ADR
panel shall decide that the domain name shall be revoked, if it finds that
the registration is speculative or abusive as defined in Article 21. The
domain name shall be transferred to the complainant if the complainant
applies for this domain name and satisfies the general eligibility criteria
set out in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002.

In the case of a procedure against the Registry, the ADR panel shall
decide whether a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with this
Regulation or with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002. The ADR panel shall
decide that the decision shall be annulled and may decide in appropriate
cases that the domain name in question shall be transferred, revoked or
attributed, provided that, where necessary, the general eligibility criteria
set out in Article 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 are fulfilled.

The decision of the ADR panel shall state the date for implementation of
the decision.

Decisions of the panel are taken by simple majority. The alternative
dispute panel shall issue its decision within one month from the date of
receipt of the response by the ADR provider. The decision shall be duly
motivated. The decisions of the panel shall be published.

12. Within three working days after receiving the decision from the panel,
the provider shall notify the full text of the decision to each party, the
concerned registrar(s) and the Registry. The decision shall be notified to
the Registry and the complainant by registered post or other equivalent
electronic means.

13. The results of ADR shall be binding on the parties and the Registry
unless court proceedings are initiated within 30 calendar days of the
notification of the result of the ADR procedure to the parties.

Article 23

Selection of providers and panellists for alternative dispute
resolution

1. The Registry may select ADR providers, who shall be reputable bodies
with appropriate expertise in an objective, transparent and non-
discriminatory manner. A list of the ADR providers shall be published on
the Registry's website.

2. A dispute which is submitted to the ADR procedure shall be examined
by arbitrators appointed to a panel of one or three members.

The panellists shall be selected in accordance to the internal procedures
of the selected ADR providers. They shall have appropriate expertise and
shall be selected in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory
manner. Each provider shall maintain a publicly available list of panellists
and their qualifications.

A panellist shall be impartial and independent and shall have, before
accepting appointment, disclosed to the provider any circumstances
giving rise to justifiable doubt as to their impartiality or independence. If,
at any stage during the administrative proceedings, new circumstances
arise that could give rise to justifiable doubt as to the impartiality or
independence of the panellist, that panellist shall promptly disclose such
circumstances to the provider.

In such event, the provider shall appoint a substitute panellist.

CHAPTER VII

FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 24

Entry into force

Official Journal of the European Union.

Member States.

Done at Brussels, 28 April 2004.

For the Commission
Erkki LIIKANEN
Member of the Commission

Part 3

Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005 of 10 October 2005
amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying
down public policy rules concerning the
Domain and the principles governing registration
REGULATIONS
Part 3
COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 1654/2005

of 10 October 2005

amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy
rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top
Level Domain and the principles governing registration




1

Having consulted the European Registry for Internet domains designated
by Commission Decision 2003/375/EC
2
,

Whereas:

(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004
3
implements Regulation
(EC) No 733/2002 by laying down the public policy rules concerning the
implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and the
principles governing registration.

(2) Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 implements the public policy
rules concerning geographical concepts by providing for a procedure to
permit Member States, candidate countries and all the members of the
European Economic Area to request the registration or the reservation of
their name by their national governments. That provision does not fully
guarantee the geopolitical and linguistic diversity of the European Union
and the interest of both Member States and European citizens. This calls
for the Commission to amend Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 accordingly.

Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for

1
OJ L 113, 30.4.2002, p. 1.
2
OJ L 128, 24.5.2003, p. 29.
3
OJ L 162, 30.4.2004, p. 40.
electronic communications networks and services (Framework
Directive)
4
,


Article 1

Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 shall be amended as follows:

Article 8

Reservation of names by countries and alpha-2 codes
representing countries

1. The list of names set out in the Annex to this Regulation shall only be
reserved or registered as second level domain names directly under
the .eu TLD by the countries indicated in the list.

2. Alpha-2 codes representing countries shall not be registered as
second level domain names directly under the .eu TLD.;

2. in Article 12(1), the first subparagraph shall be replaced by the
following:

Phased registration shall not start before the requirement of the first
paragraph of Article 6 is fulfilled.;

3. the Annex to this Regulation is added.

Article 2

Official Journal of the European Union.

Member States.

Done at Brussels, 10 October 2005.

For the Commission
Viviane REDING

4
OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33.
REGULATIONS
Part 3
ANNEX

1. List of names per country and the countries that can register them

AUSTRIA

1. sterreich
2. oesterreich
3. republik-sterreich
4. republik-oesterreich
5. afstria
6. dimokratia-afstria
7. strig
8. republikken-strig
9. oestrig
10. austria
11. republic-austria
12. repblica-austria
13. autriche
14. rpublique-autriche
15. oostenrijk
16. republiek-oostenrijk
18. itvalta
19. itvallan-tasavalta
20. itaevalta
21. sterrike
22. oesterrike
23. republik-sterrike
24. rakousko
25. republika-rakousko
26. repubblica-austria
27. austrija
28. republika-austrija
29. respublika-austrija
30. ausztria
31. Osztrk-Kztrsasg
32. Republika-Austriacka
33. raksko
34. republika-raksko
35. avstrija
36. republika-avstrija
37. awstrija
38. republika-awstrija
39. republiksterreich
40. republikoesterreich
41. dimokratiaafstria
42. republikkenstrig
43. republicaustria
44. repblicaaustria
45. rpubliqueautriche
46. repubblicaaustria
47. republiekoostenrijk
48. repblicaaustria
49. tasavaltaitvalta
50. republiksterrike
51. republikarakousko
52. republikaaustrija
53. respublikaaustrija
54. OsztrkKztrsasg
55. RepublikaAustriacka
56. republikaraksko
57. republikaavstrija
58. republikaawstrija
59. aostria
60. vabariik-aostria
61. vabariikaostria

BELGIUM

1. belgie
2. belgi
3. belgique
4. belgien
5. belgium
6. blgica
7. belgica
8. belgio
9. belgia
10. belgija
11. vlaanderen
12. wallonie
13. walloni
14. brussel
15. vlaamse-gemeenschap
16. franse-gemeenschap
17. duitstalige-gemeenschap
18. vlaams-gewest
19. waals-gewest
20. brussels-hoofdstedelijk-gewest
21. flandre
22. bruxelles
23. communaut-flamande
24. communaute-flamande
25. communaut-franaise
26. communaute-francaise
27. communaute-germanophone
28. communaut-germanophone
29. rgion-flamande
30. region-flamande
31. rgion-wallonne
32. region-wallonne
33. rgion-de-bruxelles-capitale
34. region-de-bruxelles-capitale
35. flandern
36. wallonien
37. bruessel
38. brssel
39. flaemische-gemeinschaft
40. flmische-gemeinschaft
41. franzoesische-gemeinschaft
42. franzsische-gemeinschaft
43. deutschsprachige-gemeinschaft
44. flaemische-region
45. flmische-region
46. wallonische-region
47. region-bruessel-hauptstadt
48. region-brssel-hauptstadt
49. flanders
50. wallonia
51. brussels
52. flemish-community
53. french-community
54. german-speaking-community
55. flemish-region
56. walloon-region
57. brussels-capital-region
58. flandes
59. valonia
60. bruselas
61. comunidad-flamenca
62. comunidad-francesa
63. comunidad-germanfona
64. comunidad-germanofona
65. region-flamenca
66. regin-flamenca
67. region-valona
68. regin-valona
69. region-de-bruselas-capital
70. regin-de-bruselas-capital
71. fiandre
72. vallonia
73. communita-fiamminga
74. communit-fiamminga
75. communita-francese
76. communit-francese
77. communita-di-lingua-tedesca
78. communit-di-lingua-tedesca
79. regione-fiamminga
80. regione-vallona
81. regione-di-bruxelles-capitale
82. flandres
83. bruxelas
84. comunidade-flamenga
85. comunidade-francofona
86. comunidade-germanofona
87. regiao-flamenga
88. regio-flamenga
89. regiao-vala
90. regio-vala
91. regiao-de-bruxelas-capital
92. regio-de-bruxelas-capital
93. vallonien
94. bryssel
95. flamlaendskt-spraakomraade
96. fransktalande-spraakomraade
97. tysktalande-spraakomraade
98. flamlaendska-regionen
99. vallonska-regionen
100. bryssel-huvustad
101. det-flamske-sprogsamfund
102. det-franske-sprogsamfund
103. det-tysktalende-sprogsamfund
104. den-flamske-region
105. den-vallonske-region
106. regionen-bruxelles-
hovedstadsomraadet
107. flanderi
108. flaaminkielinen-yhteiso
109. ranskankielinen-yhteiso
110. saksankielinen-yhteiso
111. flanderin-alue
112. vallonian-alue
113. brysselin-alue
114. flandry
115. valonsko
116. brusel
117. vlamske-spolecenstvi
118. francouzske-spolecenstvi
119. germanofonni-spolecenstvi
120. vlamsky-region
121. valonsky-region
122. region-brusel
123. flandrija
124. valonija
125. bruselj
126. flamska-skupnost
127. frankofonska-skupnost
128. germanofonska-skupnost
129. flamska-regija
REGULATIONS
Part 3
130. valonska-regija 131. regija-bruselj

CYPRUS

1. cypern
2. cyprus
3. cyprus
4. kypros
5. chypre
6. zypern
7.
8. cipro
9. chipre
10. chipre
11. cypern
12. anchipr
13. kypr
14. kpros
15. ciprus
16. kipras
17. kipra
18. ipru
19. cypr
20. ciper
21. cyprus
22. kibris
23. republikkencypern
24. republiekcyprus
25. republicofcyprus
26. kyproksentasavalta
27. republiquedechypre
28. republikzypern
29.
30. repubblicadicipro
31. republicadechipre
33. cypernsrepublik
34. poblachtnacipre
35. kyperskarepublika
36. kprosevabariik
37. ciprusikztrsasg
38. kiprorespublika
39. kiprasrepublika
40. republikataipru
41. republikacypryjska
42. republikaciper
43. cyperskarepublika
44. kibriscumhuriyeti

CZECH REPUBLIC

1. ceska-republika
2. den-tjekkiske-republik
3. tschechische-republik
4. tsehhi-vabariik
5. -
6. czech-republic
7. repulica-checa
8. republique-tcheque
9. repubblica-ceca
10. cehijas-republika
11. cekijos-respublika
12. cseh-koztarsasag
13. repubblica-ceka
14. tsjechische-republiek
15. republika-czeska
16. republica-checa
17. ceska-republika
18. ceska-republika
19. tsekin-tasavalta
20. tjeckiska-republiken
21. ceskarepublika
22. dentjekkiskerepublik
23. tschechischerepublik
24. tsehhivabariik
25.
26. czechrepublic
27. repulicacheca
28. republiquetcheque
29. repubblicaceca
30. cehijasrepublika
31. cekijosrespublika
32. csehkoztarsasag
33. repubblicaceka
34. tsjechischerepubliek
35. republikaczeska
36. republicacheca
37. ceskarepublika
38. ceskarepublika
39. tsekintasavalta
40. tjeckiskarepubliken
41. czech
42. cesko
43. tjekkiet
44. tschechien
45. tsehhi
46.
47. czechia
48. chequia
49. tchequie
50. cechia
51. cehija
52. cekija
53. csehorszag
54. tsjechie
55. czechy
56. chequia
57. ceska
58. tsekinmaa
59. tjeckien
60. cechy
61. eska-republika
62. tsehhi-vabariik
63. republica-checa
65. ehijas-republika
66. cseh-kztarsasag
67. republica-checa
68. eska-republika
69. eskarepublika
70. tsehhivabariik
71. republicacheca
73. ehijasrepublika
74. csehkztarsasag
75. republicacheca
76. eskarepublika
77. esko
78. tsjechi
79. tsehhi
80. chequia
81. tchequie
82. ehija
83. csehorszag
84. eska
85. echy

DENMARK

1. danemark
2. denemarken
3. danmark
4. denmark
5. tanska
6.
7. danimarca
8. dinamarca
9. dnemark
10. dnsko
11. taani
12. danija
13. dnija
14. id-danimarka
15. dania
16. danska
17. dnia

ESTONIA

1. eesti
2. estija
3. estland
4. estonia
5. estnia
6. estonie
7. estonija
8. estonja
9.
10. igaunija
11. viro

FINLAND

1. suomi
2. finland
3. finska
4. finsk
5. finlndia
6. finlandia
7. finlandja
8. finnorszg
9. suomija
10. somija
11. finlande
12.
13. soomi
14. finnland
15. finsko

FRANCE

1. francia
2. francie
3. frankrig
4. frankreich
5. prantsusmaa
6.
7. gallia
8. france
9. france
10. francia
REGULATIONS
Part 3
11. francija
12. pranczija
13. prancuzija
14. franciaorszg
15. franciaorszag
16. franza
17. frankrijk
18. francja
19. frana
20. franczsko
21. francuzsko
22. francija
23. ranska
24. frankrike
25. franzsischerepublik
26. franzsische-republik
27. franzsische_republik
28. franzosischerepublik
29. franzosische-republik
30. franzosische_republik
31. franzoesischerepublik
32. franzoesische-republik
33. franzoesische_republik
34. frenchrepublic
35. french-republic
36. french_republic
37. republiquefranaise
38. republique-franaise
39. republique_franaise
40. rpubliquefranaise
41. rpublique-franaise
42. rpublique_franaise
43. republiquefrancaise
44. republique-francaise
45. republique_francaise
46. rpubliquefrancaise
47. rpublique-francaise
48. rpublique_francaise
49. alsace
50. auvergne
51. aquitaine
52. basse-normandie
53. bassenormandie
54. bourgogne
55. bretagne
56. centre
57. champagne-ardenne
58. champagneardenne
59. corse
60. franche-comte
61. franche-comt
62. franchecomte
63. franchecomt
64. haute-normandie
65. hautenormandie
66. ile-de-France
67. le-de-France
68. iledeFrance
69. ledeFrance
70. languedoc-roussillon
71. languedocroussillon
72. limousin
73. lorraine
74. midi-pyrenees
75. midi-pyrnes
76. midipyrenees
77. midipyrnes
78. nord-pas-de-calais
79. nordpasdecalais
80. paysdelaloire
81. pays-de-la-loire
82. picardie
83. poitou-charentes
84. poitoucharentes
85. provence-alpes-cote-d-azur
86. provence-alpes-cte-d-azur
87. provencealpescotedazur
88. provencealpesctedazur
89. rhone-alpes
90. rhne-alpes
91. rhonealpes
92. rhnealpes
93. guadeloupe
94. guyane
95. martinique
96. reunion
97. runion
98. mayotte
99. saint-pierre-et-miquelon
100. saintpierreetmiquelon
101. polynesie-franaise
102. polynsie-franaise
103. polynesie-francaise
104. polynsie-francaise
105. polynesiefranaise
106. polynsiefranaise
107. polynesiefrancaise
108. polynsiefrancaise
109. nouvelle-caledonie
110. nouvelle-caldonie
111. nouvellecaledonie
112. nouvellecaldonie
113. wallis-et-futuna
114. wallisetfutuna
115. terres-australes-et-
antarctiques-franaises
117.
terresaustralesetantarctiquesfranai
ses
118. terresaustralesetantarctique-
franaises
119. saint-barthlmy
120. saintbarthlmy
121. saint-barthelemy
122. saintbarthelemy
123. saint-martin
124. saintmartin

GERMANY

1. deutschland
2. federalrepublicofgermany
3. bundesrepublik-deutschland
4. bundesrepublikdeutschland
5. allemagne
6. republiquefederaled'allemagne
7. alemanna
8. repblicafederaldealemania
9. germania
10. repubblicafederaledigermania
11. germany
13. tyskland
14. forbundsrepublikkentyskland
15. duitsland
16. bondsrepubliekduitsland
17. nemecko
18. spolkovrepublikanemecko
19. alemanha
20. republicafederaldaalemanha
21. niemczech
22. republikafederalnaniemiec
23. nmetorszg
24.
nmetorszgiszvetsgikztrsasg
25. vokietijos
26. vokietijosfederacinerespublika
27. vacija
28. vacijasfederativarepublika
29. ditschland
30. bundesrepublikditschland
31. germanja
32. repubblikafederalitagermanja
33. gearmaine
34.
poblachtchnaidhmenagearmaine
35. saksamaa
36. saksamaaliitvabariik
37. nemcija
38. zweznarepublikanemcija
39.
40. saksa
41. saksanliittotasavalta
42. Baden-Wrttemberg
43. Bavaria
44. Bayern
45. Berlin
46. Brandenburg
47. Bremen
48. Hamburg
49. Hessen
50. Lower-Saxony
51. Mecklenburg-Western-
Pomerania
52. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
53. niedersachsen
54. nordrhein-Westfalen
55. northrhine-Westphalia
56. Rheinland-Pfalz
57. Rhineland-Palatinate
58. Saarland
59. Sachsen
60. Sachsen-Anhalt
61. Saxony
62. Saxony-Anhalt
63. Schleswig-Holstein
64. Thringen
65. Thuringia
66. Baden-Wuerttemberg
67. bade-wurtemberg
68. le-bade-wurtemberg
69. Baden-Wurttemberg
70. BadenWrttemberg
71. BadenWuerttemberg
72. badewurtemberg
73. lebadewurtemberg
74. BadenWurttemberg
75. Baviera
76. Bavire
77. Freistaat-Bayern
78. FreistaatBayern
79. Free-State-of-Bavaria
80. Stato-Libero-di-Baviera
81. Etat-Libre-Bavire
82. Brandebourg
83. Brandeburgo
REGULATIONS
Part 3
84. Brandenburgii
85. freieundhansestadthamburg
86. freie-und-hansestadt-hamburg
87. freiehansestadthamburg
88. freie-hansestadt-hamburg
89. hansestadt-hamburg
90. hansestadthamburg
91. stadthamburg
92. stadt-hamburg
93. hamburg-stadt
94. hamburg
95. landhamburg
96. land-hamburg
97. hamburku
98. hampuriin
99. hamborg
100. hamburgo
101. hambourg
102. amburgo
103. hamburgu
104. hanbao
105. hamburuku
106. hamburk
107. hesse
108. hassia
109. nordrheinwestfalen
110. northrhinewestphalia
111. northrhine-westfalia
112. northrhinewestfalia
113. rhenanie-du-nord-westphalie
114. rhenaniedunordwestphalie
115. lasaxe
116. sachsen
117. sajonia
118. sajnia
119. saksen
120. saksimaa
121. saksio
122. saksonia
123. saksonijos
124. saka
125. saska
126. sasko
127. sassonia
128. saxe
129. saxonia
130. saxnia
131. szszorszg
132. szaszorszag
133.
134.
135. freistaat-sachsen
136. sorben
137. serbja
138. Sorben-Wenden
139. Wenden
140. lausitzer-sorben
141. domowina

GREECE

1. Grecia
2. Graekenland
3. Griechenland
4. Hellas
5. Greece
6. Grece
7. Grecia
8. Griekenland
9. Grecia
10. Kreikka
11. Grekland
12. Recko
13. Kreeka
14. Graecia
15. Graikija
16. Gorogorszag
17. Grecja
18. Grecja
19. Grecko
20. Grcija

HUNGARY

1. magyarkoztarsasag
2. republicofhungary
3. republiquedehongrie
4. republikungarn
5. republicadehungria
6. repubblicadiungheria
7. republicadahungria
8. ungerskarepubliken
9. unkarintasavalta
10. denungarskerepublik
11. derepublikhongarije
12. republikawegierska
13. ungarivabariik
14. ungarijasrepublika
15. vengrijosrespublika
16. magyarorszag
17. hungary
18. hongrie
19. ungarn
20. hungria
21. ungheria
22. ungern
23. unkari
24. hongarije
25. wegry
26. madarsko
27. ungari
28. ungarija
29. vengrija
30. magyarkztrsasg
31. magyarorszg
32. madarskarepublika
33. republikamadzarska
34. madzarsko
35.
36.
37. nyugatdunntl
38. kzpdunntl
39. dldunntl
40. kzpmagyarorszg
41. szakmagyarorszg
42. szakalfld
43. dlalfld
44. nyugatdunantul
45. kozepdunantul
46. deldunantul
47. kozepmagyarorszag
48. eszakmagyarorszag
49. eszakalfold
50. delalfold

IRELAND

1. irlanda
2. irsko
3. irland
4. iirimaa
5. ireland
6. irlande
7. irlanda
8. rija
9. Airija
10. rorszg
11. L-Irlanda
12. i
13. ierland
14. irlandia
15. rsko
16. irska
17. irlanti
18. irland
19. .irlande
20.
21. irlande
22. republicofireland
23. eire

ITALY

1. Repubblica-
Italiana
2. RepubblicaItaliana
3. Italia
4. Italy
5. Italian
6. Italien
7. Italija
8. Itlia
9. Itali
10. Italien
11. Itlie
12. Italie
13. Olaszorszg
14. Itlija
15. Wochy
16.
17. Italja
18. Taliansko
19. Itaalia
20. Abruzzo
21. Basilicata
22. Calabria
23. Campania
24. Emilia-Romagna
25. Friuli-
VeneziaGiulia
26. Lazio
27. Liguria
28. Lombardia
29. Marche
30. Molise
31. Piemonte
32. Puglia
33. Sardegna
34. Sicilia
35. Toscana
36. Trentino-
AltoAdige
37. Umbria
38. Valled'Aosta
39. Veneto

LATVIA

1.
2. Lettorszag
3. Latvja
4. Letland
5. Lotwa
6. Letonia
7. Lotyssko
8. Latvija
9. Lettland
10. Latvia
11. Lotyssko
12. Letland
13. Lettland
14. Lati
15. Letonia
16. Lettonie
17. Lettonia
18. Republicoflatvia
19.
Latvijskajarespublika

REGULATIONS
Part 3
LITHUANIA

1. lietuva
2. leedu
3. liettua
4. litauen
5. lithouania
6. lithuania
7. litouwen
8. lituania
9. lituanie
10. litva
11. litvn
12. litvania
13. litvanya
14. litwa
15. litwanja
16. liettuan
17. litevsk
18. lietuvas
19. litwy
20. litovska
21. aukstaitija
22. zemaitija
23. dzukija
24. suvalkija
25. suduva
26. lietuvos-respublika
27. lietuvos_respublika
28. lietuvosrespublika
29. republic-of-lithuania
30. republic_of_lithuania
31. republiclithuania
32. republicoflithuania
33. republique-de-lituanie
34. republique_de_lituanie
35. republiquelituanie
36. republiquedelituanie
37. republica-de-lituania
38. republica_de_lituania
39. republicalituania
40. republicadelituania
41. litovskajarespublika
42. litovskaja-respublika
43. litovskaja_respublika
44. litauensrepublik
45. litauens-republik
46. litauens_republic
47. republiklitauen
48. republik-litauen
49. republic_litauen
50.
51. --
52. __
53.
54. --
55. __
56. repubblicadilituania
57. repubblica-di-lituania
58. repubblica_di_lituania
59. republieklitouwen
60. republiek-litouwen
61. republiek_litouwen
62. republicadalituania
63. republica-da-lituania
64. republica_da_lituania
65. liettuantasavalta
66. liettuan-tasavalta
67. liettuan_tasavalta
68. republikenLitauen
69. republiken-litauen
70. republiken_litauen
71. litevskrepublika
72. litevsk-republika
73. litevsk_republika
74. leeduvabariik
75. leedu-vabariik
76. leedu_vabariik
77. lietuvasrepublika
78. lietuvas-republika
79. lietuvas_republika
80. litvnkztrsasg
81. litvn-kztrsasg
82. litvn_kztrsasg
83. repubblikatallitwanja
84. repubblika-tal-litwanja
85. repubblika_tal_litwanja
86. republikalitwy
87. republika-litwy
88. republika_litwy
89. litovskarepublika
90. litovska-republika
91. litovska_republika
92. republikalitva
93. republika-litva
94. republika_litva

LUXEMBOURG

1. Luxembourg 2. Luxemburg 3. letzebuerg
MALTA

1. malta
2. malte
3. melita
4. republicofmalta
5. republic-of-malta
6. therepublicofmalta
7. the-republic-of-
malta
8. repubblikatamalta
9. repubblika-ta-
malta
10. maltarepublic
11. maltarepubblika
12. gozo
13. ghawdex

NETHERLANDS

1. nederland
2. holland
3. thenetherlands
4. netherlands
5. lespaysbas
6. hollande
7. dieniederlande
8. lospaisesbajos
9. holanda

POLAND

1. rzeczpospolitapolska
2. rzeczpospolita_polska
3. rzeczpospolita-polska
4. polska
5. polonia
6. lenkija
7. poland
8. polen
9. pologne
10. polsko
11. poola
12. puola

PORTUGAL

1. republicaportuguesa
2. portugal
3. portuglia
4. portugalia
5. portugali
6. portugalska
7. portugalsko
8. portogallo
9. portugalija
10. portekiz
11.
12. portugle
13. aveiro
14. beja
15. braga
16. bragana
17. castelobranco
18. coimbra
19. evora
20. faro
21. guarda
22. leiria
23. lisboa
24. portalegre
25. porto
26. santarem
27. setubal
28. vianadocastelo
29. viseu
30. vilareal
31. madeira
32. aores
33. alentejo
34. algarve
35. altoalentejo
36. baixoalentejo
37. beiraalta
38. beirabaixa
39. beirainterior
40. beiralitoral
41. beiratransmontana
42. douro
43. dourolitoral
44. entredouroeminho
45. estremadura
46. minho
47. ribatejo
48. tras-os-montes-e-alto-douro
49. acores

REGULATIONS
Part 3
SLOVAKIA

1. slowakische-republik
2. republique-slovaque
3. slovakiki-dimokratia
4. slovenska-republika
5. slovakiske-republik
6. slovaki-vabariik
7. slovakian-tasavalta
8. slovakikidimokratia
10. szlovak-koztarsasag
11. slovak-republic
12. repubblica-slovacca
13. slovakijas-republika
14. slovakijos-respublika
15. repubblika-slovakka
16. slowaakse-republiek
17. republika-slowacka
18. republica-eslovaca
19. slovaska-republika
21. slovakiska-republiken
22. -
23. slowakischerepublik
24. republiqueslovaque
25. slovenskarepublika
26. slovakiskerepublik
27. slovakivabariik
28. slovakiantasavalta
29. szlovakkoztarsasag
30. slovakrepublic
31. repubblicaslovacca
32. slovakijasrepublika
33. slovakijosrespublika
34. repubblikaslovakka
35. slowaakserepubliek
36. republikaslowacka
37. republicaeslovaca
38. slovaskarepublika
40. slovakiskarepubliken
41.
42. slowakei
43. slovaquie
44. slovakia
45. slovensko
46. slovakiet
47. slovakkia
48. szlovakia
49. slovacchia
50. slovakija
51. slowakije
52. slowacija
53. eslovaquia
54. slovaska
55.
56. slovakien
57. rpublique-slovaque
58. slovensk-republika
59. szlovk-kztrsasg
60. slovkijos-respublika
61. republika-sowacka
62. repblica-eslovaca
63. slovaka-republika
65. ldveldid-slovakia
66. rpubliqueslovaque
67. slovenskrepublika
68. szlovkkztrsasg
69. slovkijosrespublika
70. republikasowacka
71. repblicaeslovaca
72. slovakarepublika
74. ldveldidslovakia
75. szlovkia
76. slovkija
77. sowacija
78. slovaka
79. slovaka

SLOVENIA

1. slovenija
2. slovenia
3. slowenien
4. slovenie
5. la-slovenie
6. laslovenie
7. eslovenia
8. republikaslovenija

9. republika-slovenija
10. republicofslovenia
11. republic-of-slovenia
12. szlovenia
13. szlovenkoztarsasag
14. szloven-koztarsasag
15. repubblicadislovenia
16. repubblica-di-slovenia
SPAIN

1. espaa
2. reinodeespana
3. reino-de-espana
4. espagne
5. espana
6. espanha
7. espanja
8. espanya
9. hispaania
10. hiszpania
11. ispanija
12. spagna
13. spain
14. spanielsko
15. spanien
16. spanija
17. spanje
18. reinodeespaa
19. reino-de-espaa
20. panielsko
21. spnija
22. panija
23. panilsko
24. espainia
25. ispania
26.
27. andalucia
28. andaluca
29. andalousie
30. andalusia
31. andalusien
32. juntadeandalucia
33. juntadeandaluca
34. aragon
35. aragn
36. gobiernodearagon
37. gobiernoaragn
38. principadodeasturias
39. principaudasturies
40. asturias
41. asturies
42. illesbalears
43. islasbaleares
44. canarias
45. gobiernodecanarias
46. canaryisland
47. kanarischeinseln
48. cantabria
49. gobiernodecantabria
50. castillalamancha
51. castilla-lamancha
52. castillayleon
53. castillaylen
54. juntadecastillayleon
55. juntadecastillaylen
56. generalitatdecatalunya
57. generalitatdecatalua
58. catalunya
59. catalua
60. katalonien
61. catalonia
62. catalogna
63. catalogne
64. cataloni
65. katalonias
66. catalunha
67. kataloniens
68. katalonian
69. cataloni
70. extremadura
71.
comunidadautonomadeextremadura
72.
comunidadautnomadeextremadura
73. xuntadegalicia
74. comunidadautonomadegalicia
75. comunidaautnomadegalicia
76. comunidadeautonomadegalicia
77. comunidadeautnomadegalicia
78. larioja
79. gobiernodelarioja
80. comunidadmadrid
81. madridregion
82. regionmadrid
83. madrid
84. murciaregion
85. murciaregin
86. murciaregione
87. murciaregiao
88. regiondemurcia
89. regindemurcia
90. regionofmurcia
91. regionvonmurcia
92. regionedimurcia
93. regiaodomurcia
94. navarra
95. nafarroa
96. navarre
97. navarracomunidadforal
98. nafarroaforukomunitatea
99. nafarroaforuerkidegoa
100. communauteforaledenavarre
REGULATIONS
Part 3
101. communautforaledenavarre
102. foralcommunityofnavarra
103. paisvasco
104. pasvasco
105. euskadi
106. euskalherria
107. paisbasc
108. basquecountry
109. paysbasque
110. paesebasco
111. baskenland
112. paisbasco
113.
114. gobiernovasco
115. euskojaurlaritza
116. governbasc
117. basquegovernment
118. gouvernementbasque
119. governobasco
120. baskischeregierung
121. baskitschebestuur
122.
123. comunidad-valenciana
124. comunidadvalenciana
125. comunitat-valenciana
126. comunitatvalenciana
127. ceuta
128. gobiernoceuta
129. melilla
130. gobiernomelilla

SWEDEN

1. suecia
2. reinodesuecia
3. sverige
4. kongerietsverige
5. schweden
6. knigreichschweden
7. konigreichschweden
8.
9.
10. sweden
11. kingdomofsweden
12. sude
13. suede
14. royaumedesude
15. royaumedesuede
16. svezia
17. regnodisvezia
18. zweden
19. koninkrijkzweden
20. sucia
21. reinodasucia
22. reinodasuecia
23. ruotsi
24. ruotsinkuningaskunta
25. konungariketsverige
26. vdsko
27. rootsi
28. svedija
29. svdorszag
30. svedorszag
31. l-isvezja
32. szweja
33. vedska
34. svedska

UNITED KINGDOM

1. unitedkingdom
2. united-kingdom
3. united_kingdom
4. greatbritain
5. great-britain
6. great_britain
7. britain
8. cymru
9. england
10. northernireland
11. northern-ireland
12. northern_ireland
13. scotland
14. wales

2. List of names per country and the countries that can reserve them

BULGARIA

1.
2. bulgaria
3. bulharsko
4. bulgarien
5. bulgaaria
6.
7. bulgarie
8. bulgarija
9. bulgarije
10. bolgarija
11. republicofbulgaria
12. the-republic-of-bulgaria
13. the_republic_of_bulgaria
14. republic-of-bulgaria
15. republic_of_bulgaria
16. republicbulgaria
17. republic-bulgaria
18. republic_bulgaria
19. repubblicadibulgaria
20. repubblica-di-bulgaria
21. repubblica_di_bulgaria
22. repubblicabulgaria
23. repubblica-bulgaria
24. repubblica_bulgaria
25. republikbulgarien
26. republik-bulgarien
27. republik_bulgarien
28. bulgaariavabariik
29. bulgaaria-vabariik
30. bulgaaria_vabariik
31.
32. --
33. __
34. republiekbulgarije
35. republiek-bulgarije
36. republiek_bulgarije
37. republikabolgarija
38. republika-bolgarija
39. republika_bolgarija
40. republikabulgaria
41. republika-bulgaria
42. republika_bulgaria
43. bulharskarepublica
44. bulharska-republica
45. bulharska_republica
46. republiquebulgarie
47. republique-bulgarie
48. republique_bulgarie
49. republicabulgarija
50. republica-bulgrija
51. republica_bulgrija
52. repblikabulgria
53. repblika-bulgria
54. repblika_bulgria
55. repblicabulgaria
56. repblica-bulgaria
57. repblica_bulgaria
58. bulgarja
59. blgarija
60. bulgariantasavalta
61. bulgarian-tasavalta
62. bulgarian_tasavalta
63. republikenbulgarien
64. republiken-bulgarien
65. republiken_bulgarien
66. repulicabulgaria
67. repulica-bulgaria
68. repulica_bulgaria
69. kztrsasgbulgria
70. kztrsasg-bulgria
71. kztrsasg_bulgria

CROATIA

1. croatia
2. kroatia
3. kroatien
4. kroatien
5. croazia
6. kroatien
7. croacia
8. croatie
9. horvtorszg
10. horvatorszag
11. kroati
12. kroatie
13. chorwacja
14.
15. chorvatsko
16. charvtsko
17. horvaatia
18. kroaatia
19. crocia
20. croacia
21. horvtija
22. horvatija
23. kroatija
24. kroazja
25. chorvtsko
26. chrovatsko
27. hrvaka
28. hrvaska

REGULATIONS
Part 3
ICELAND

1. arepublicadeislndia
2. deijslandrepubliek
4. derepubliekvanijsland
6. iceland
7. icelandrepublic
8. iepublikaislande
9. ijsland
10. island
11. islanda
12. islande
13. islandia
14. islndia
15. islandica
16. islandrepublik
17. islandskylisejnik
18. islannintasavalta
19. islanti
20. izland
21. sland
22. slenskalveldi
23. kztrsasgizland
24. larepubblicadiislanda
25. larepblicadeislandia
26. larpubliquedislande
27. lislande
28. lveldisland
29. puklerkaislandska
30. rahvavabariikisland
31. repubblicadiislanda
32. repubblikataisland
33. republicoficeland
34. republikaisland
35. republikaislandia
36. republikavisland
37. republikkenisland
38. republikvonisland
39. repblicadeislandia
40. repblicadeislndia
41. rpubliquedislande
42.
43.

LIECHTENSTEIN

1. fyrstendmmetliechtenstein
2. frstentumliechtenstein
3. principalityofliechtenstein
4. liechtensteinivrstiriiki
5. liechtensteininruhtinaskunta
6. principautdeliechtenstein
7.
8. furstadmisinsliechtensteins
9. principatodelliechtenstein
10. lichtenteinokunigaiktyst
11. lihtenteinasfirstiste
12. prinipalittal-liechtenstein
13. vorstendomliechtenstein
14. fyrstedmmetliechtenstein
15. ksistwoliechtenstein
16. principadodoliechtenstein
17. furstendmetliechtenstein
18. lichtentajnskknieatstvo
19. kneevinolihtentajn
20. principadodeliechtenstein
21. lichtentejnskknectv
22. lichtensteinihercegsg

NORWAY

1. norge
2. noreg
3. norway
4. norwegen
5. norvege
6. norvge
7. noruega
8. norvegia
9. norvgia
10. norsko
11. nrsko
12. norra
13. norja
14. norvegija
15. norvija
16. noorwegen
17.
18. norvegja
19. norveja
20. norveska
21. norveka
22. norwegia
23. norga
ROMANIA

1. romnia
2. romania
3. roumanie
4. rumnien
5. rumanien
6. rumana
7. rumnien
8. romnia
9. romnia
10. romenia
11. rumunia
12. rumunsko
13. romunija
14. rumnija
15. rumunija
16. rumeenia
17.
18. romnia
19. rumanija
20. roemeni

TURKEY

1. turkiye
2. Trkiye
3. Turkiyecumhuriyeti
4. trkiyecumhuriyeti
Part 4

Regulation (EC) No 1255/2007 of 25 October 2007
amending Commission Regulation (EC) No
874/2004 laying down public policy rules concerning
the implementation and functions of the .eu Top
Level Domain and the principles governing
registration

REGULATIONS
Part 4

of 25 October 2007

amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down
public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of
the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration




1


Whereas:

(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004
2

implements Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 by laying down the public
policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top
Level Domain and the principles governing registration.

(2) Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 implements the public policy
rules concerning geographical concepts by providing for a procedure to
permit Member States, candidate countries and all the members of the
European Economic Area to request the registration or the reservation of
their name by their national governments. In pursuance of this objective,
and with a view to fully guaranteeing the geopolitical and linguistic
diversity of the European Union and the interest of both Member States
and European citizens, on 10 October 2005 Regulation (EC) No
874/2004 was amended by Commission Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005
amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy rules
concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level
Domain and the principles governing registration. Article 1(3) of
Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005 added an Annex including a list of names
which are reserved for each Member State for registration and a list of

1
OJ L 113, 30.4.2002, p. 1.
2
OJ L 162, 30.4.2004, p. 40. Regulation as amended by Regulation (EC) No
1654/2005 (OJ L 266, 11.10.2005, p. 35).
names which can be reserved by certain third countries, including
candidate countries to accession to the European Union.

(3) On 1 January 2007 Bulgaria and Romania acceded to the European
Union. Accordingly, Bulgaria and Romania should have the possibility to
register the domain names that have been reserved for them according to
Article 8 of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004. In order to ensure legal clarity
that these two Member States have such possibility, the annex included
by Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 should be amended.

Council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for
electronic communications networks and services (Framework
Directive)
3
,


Article 1

The Annex to Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 is replaced by
the Annex to this Regulation.

Article 2

This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its
publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

Member States.

Done at Brussels, 25 October 2007.

For the Commission
Viviane REDING

3
OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33. Directive as amended by Regulation (EC) No
717/2007 (OJ L 171, 29.6.2007, p. 32).
REGULATIONS
Part 4
ANNEX

1. List of names per country and the countries that can register them

AUSTRIA

1. sterreich
2. oesterreich
5. afstria
7. strig
9. oestrig
10. austria
13. autriche
15. oostenrijk
18. itvalta
20. itaevalta
21. sterrike
22. oesterrike
24. rakousko
27. austrija
30. ausztria
31. Osztrk-Kztrsasg
33. raksko
35. avstrija
37. awstrija
43. republicaustria
44. repblicaaustria
48. repblicaaustria
54. OsztrkKztrsasg
56. republikaraksko
59. aostria
61. vabariikaostria

BELGIUM

1. belgie
2. belgi
3. belgique
4. belgien
5. belgium
6. blgica
7. belgica
8. belgio
9. belgia
10. belgija
11. vlaanderen
12. wallonie
13. walloni
14. brussel
18. vlaams-gewest
19. waals-gewest
21. flandre
22. bruxelles
29. rgion-flamande
30. region-flamande
31. rgion-wallonne
32. region-wallonne
35. flandern
36. wallonien
37. bruessel
38. brssel
45. flmische-region
49. flanders
50. wallonia
51. brussels
55. flemish-region
56. walloon-region
58. flandes
59. valonia
60. bruselas
65. region-flamenca
66. regin-flamenca
67. region-valona
68. regin-valona
71. fiandre
72. vallonia
80. regione-vallona
82. flandres
83. bruxelas
84. comunidade-flamenga
85. comunidade-francofona
87. regiao-flamenga
88. regio-flamenga
89. regiao-vala
90. regio-vala
93. vallonien
94. bryssel
hovedstadsomraadet
107. flanderi
111. flanderin-alue
112. vallonian-alue
113. brysselin-alue
114. flandry
115. valonsko
116. brusel
120. vlamsky-region
122. region-brusel
123. flandrija
124. valonija
125. bruselj
129. flamska-regija
130. valonska-regija
131. regija-bruselj
REGULATIONS
Part 4
BULGARIA

1.
2. bulgaria
3. bulharsko
4. bulgarien
5. bulgaaria
6.
7. bulgarie
8. bulgarija
9. bulgarije
10. bolgarija
31.
32. --
33. __
52. repblikabulgria
58. bulgarja
59. blgarija
69. kztrsasgbulgria

CYPRUS

1. cypern
2. cyprus
3. cyprus
4. kypros
5. chypre
6. zypern
7.
8. cipro
9. chipre
10. chipre
11. cypern
12. anchipr
13. kypr
14. kpros
15. ciprus
16. kipras
17. kipra
18. ipru
19. cypr
20. ciper
21. cyprus
22. kibris
24. republiekcyprus
28. republikzypern
29.
33. cypernsrepublik
34. poblachtnacipre
36. kprosevabariik
37. ciprusikztrsasg
38. kiprorespublika
39. kiprasrepublika
40. republikataipru
42. republikaciper

CZECH REPUBLIC

1. ceska-republika
4. tsehhi-vabariik
5. -
6. czech-republic
7. repulica-checa
9. repubblica-ceca
13. repubblica-ceka
16. republica-checa
17. ceska-republika
18. ceska-republika
21. ceskarepublika
24. tsehhivabariik
25.
26. czechrepublic
27. repulicacheca
29. repubblicaceca
32. csehkoztarsasag
33. repubblicaceka
35. republikaczeska
36. republicacheca
37. ceskarepublika
38. ceskarepublika
39. tsekintasavalta
41. czech
42. cesko
43. tjekkiet
44. tschechien
45. tsehhi
46.
47. czechia
48. chequia
49. tchequie
50. cechia
51. cehija
52. cekija
53. csehorszag
54. tsjechie
55. czechy
56. chequia
57. ceska
58. tsekinmaa
59. tjeckien
60. cechy
61. eska-republika
62. tsehhi-vabariik
63. republica-checa
66. cseh-kztarsasag
67. republica-checa
68. eska-republika
69. eskarepublika
70. tsehhivabariik
71. republicacheca
73. ehijasrepublika
74. csehkztarsasag
75. republicacheca
76. eskarepublika
77. esko
78. tsjechi
79. tsehhi
80. chequia
REGULATIONS
Part 4
81. tchequie
82. ehija
83. csehorszag
84. eska
85. echy

DENMARK

1. danemark
2. denemarken
3. danmark
4. denmark
5. tanska
6.
7. danimarca
8. dinamarca
9. dnemark
10. dnsko
11. taani
12. danija
13. dnija
14. id-danimarka
15. dania
16. danska
17. dnia

ESTONIA

1. eesti
2. estija
3. estland
4. estonia
5. estnia
6. estonie
7. estonija
8. estonja
9.
10. igaunija
11. viro

FINLAND

1. suomi
2. finland
3. finska
4. finsk
5. finlndia
6. finlandia
7. finlandja
8. finnorszg
9. suomija
10. somija
11. finlande
12.
13. soomi
14. finnland
15. finsko

FRANCE

1. francia
2. francie
3. frankrig
4. frankreich
5. prantsusmaa
6.
7. gallia
8. france
9. france
10. francia
11. francija
12. pranczija
13. prancuzija
14. franciaorszg
15. franciaorszag
16. franza
17. frankrijk
18. francja
19. frana
20. franczsko
21. francuzsko
22. francija
23. ranska
24. frankrike
34. frenchrepublic
35. french-republic
36. french_republic
49. alsace
50. auvergne
51. aquitaine
52. basse-normandie
53. bassenormandie
54. bourgogne
55. bretagne
56. centre
59. corse
60. franche-comte
61. franche-comt
62. franchecomte
63. franchecomt
64. haute-normandie
65. hautenormandie
66. ile-de-France
67. le-de-France
68. iledeFrance
69. ledeFrance
72. limousin
73. lorraine
74. midi-pyrenees
75. midi-pyrnes
76. midipyrenees
77. midipyrnes
79. nordpasdecalais
80. paysdelaloire
82. picardie
84. poitoucharentes
89. rhone-alpes
90. rhne-alpes
91. rhonealpes
92. rhnealpes
93. guadeloupe
94. guyane
95. martinique
96. reunion
97. runion
98. mayotte
114. wallisetfutuna
117.
ses
franaises
119. saint-barthlmy
120. saintbarthlmy
123. saint-martin
124. saintmartin

GERMANY

1. deutschland
5. allemagne
7. alemanna
9. germania
11. germany
13. tyskland
15. duitsland
REGULATIONS
Part 4
17. nemecko
19. alemanha
21. niemczech
23. nmetorszg
24.
25. vokietijos
27. vacija
29. ditschland
31. germanja
33. gearmaine
34.
35. saksamaa
37. nemcija
39.
40. saksa
43. Bavaria
44. Bayern
45. Berlin
46. Brandenburg
47. Bremen
48. Hamburg
49. Hessen
50. Lower-Saxony
Pomerania
53. niedersachsen
56. Rheinland-Pfalz
58. Saarland
59. Sachsen
60. Sachsen-Anhalt
61. Saxony
62. Saxony-Anhalt
64. Thringen
65. Thuringia
67. bade-wurtemberg
70. BadenWrttemberg
72. badewurtemberg
75. Baviera
76. Bavire
78. FreistaatBayern
82. Brandebourg
83. Brandeburgo
84. Brandenburgii
91. stadthamburg
92. stadt-hamburg
93. hamburg-stadt
94. hamburg
95. landhamburg
96. land-hamburg
97. hamburku
98. hampuriin
99. hamborg
100. hamburgo
101. hambourg
102. amburgo
103. hamburgu
104. hanbao
105. hamburuku
106. hamburk
107. hesse
108. hassia
115. lasaxe
116. sachsen
117. sajonia
118. sajnia
119. saksen
120. saksimaa
121. saksio
122. saksonia
123. saksonijos
124. saka
125. saska
126. sasko
127. sassonia
128. saxe
129. saxonia
130. saxnia
131. szszorszg
132. szaszorszag
133.
134.
136. sorben
137. serbja
138. Sorben-Wenden
139. Wenden
141. domowina

GREECE

1. Grecia
2. Graekenland
3. Griechenland
4. Hellas
5. Greece
6. Grece
7. Grecia
8. Griekenland
9. Grecia
10. Kreikka
11. Grekland
12. Recko
13. Kreeka
14. Graecia
15. Graikija
16. Gorogorszag
17. Grecja
18. Grecja
19. Grecko
20. Grcija

HUNGARY

4. republikungarn
9. unkarintasavalta
13. ungarivabariik
16. magyarorszag
17. hungary
18. hongrie
19. ungarn
20. hungria
21. ungheria
22. ungern
23. unkari
24. hongarije
25. wegry
26. madarsko
27. ungari
28. ungarija
29. vengrija
30. magyarkztrsasg
31. magyarorszg
34. madzarsko
35.
36.
37. nyugatdunntl
38. kzpdunntl
39. dldunntl
40. kzpmagyarorszg
41. szakmagyarorszg
42. szakalfld
43. dlalfld
44. nyugatdunantul
45. kozepdunantul
46. deldunantul
49. eszakalfold
50. delalfold

REGULATIONS
Part 4
IRELAND

1. irlanda
2. irsko
3. irland
4. iirimaa
5. ireland
6. irlande
7. irlanda
8. rija
9. Airija
10. rorszg
11. L-Irlanda
12. i
13. ierland
14. irlandia
15. rsko
16. irska
17. irlanti
18. irland
19. .irlande
20.
21. irlande
23. eire

ITALY

1. Repubblica-
Italiana
3. Italia
4. Italy
5. Italian
6. Italien
7. Italija
8. Itlia
9. Itali
10. Italien
11. Itlie
12. Italie
13. Olaszorszg
14. Itlija
15. Wochy
16.
17. Italja
18. Taliansko
19. Itaalia
20. Abruzzo
21. Basilicata
22. Calabria
23. Campania
24. Emilia-Romagna
25. Friuli-
VeneziaGiulia
26. Lazio
27. Liguria
28. Lombardia
29. Marche
30. Molise
31. Piemonte
32. Puglia
33. Sardegna
34. Sicilia
35. Toscana
36. Trentino-
AltoAdige
37. Umbria
38. Valled'Aosta
39. Veneto

LATVIA

1.
2. Lettorszag
3. Latvja
4. Letland
5. Lotwa
6. Letonia
7. Lotyssko
8. Latvija
9. Lettland
10. Latvia
11. Lotyssko
12. Letland
13. Lettland
14. Lati
15. Letonia
16. Lettonie
17. Lettonia
19.
Latvijskajarespublika

LITHUANIA

1. lietuva
2. leedu
3. liettua
4. litauen
5. lithouania
6. lithuania
7. litouwen
8. lituania
9. lituanie
10. litva
11. litvn
12. litvania
13. litvanya
14. litwa
15. litwanja
16. liettuan
17. litevsk
18. lietuvas
19. litwy
20. litovska
21. aukstaitija
22. zemaitija
23. dzukija
24. suvalkija
25. suduva
47. republiklitauen
50.
51. --
52. __
53.
54. --
55. __
74. leeduvabariik
75. leedu-vabariik
76. leedu_vabariik
80. litvnkztrsasg
81. litvn-kztrsasg
82. litvn_kztrsasg
86. republikalitwy
87. republika-litwy
88. republika_litwy
92. republikalitva
93. republika-litva
94. republika_litva

LUXEMBOURG

1. luxembourg 2. luxemburg 3. letzebuerg

MALTA

1. malta
2. malte
3. melita
4. republicofmalta
7. the-republic-of-malta
9. repubblika-ta-malta
10. maltarepublic
11. maltarepubblika
12. gozo
13. ghawdex

REGULATIONS
Part 4
NETHERLANDS

1. nederland
2. holland
3. thenetherlands
4. netherlands
5. lespaysbas
6. hollande
7. dieniederlande
8. lospaisesbajos
9. holanda

POLAND

4. polska
5. polonia
6. lenkija
7. poland
8. polen
9. pologne
10. polsko
11. poola
12. puola

PORTUGAL

2. portugal
3. portuglia
4. portugalia
5. portugali
6. portugalska
7. portugalsko
8. portogallo
9. portugalija
10. portekiz
11.
12. portugle
13. aveiro
14. beja
15. braga
16. bragana
17. castelobranco
18. coimbra
19. evora
20. faro
21. guarda
22. leiria
23. lisboa
24. portalegre
25. porto
26. santarem
27. setubal
28. vianadocastelo
29. viseu
30. vilareal
31. madeira
32. aores
33. alentejo
34. algarve
35. altoalentejo
36. baixoalentejo
37. beiraalta
38. beirabaixa
39. beirainterior
40. beiralitoral
42. douro
43. dourolitoral
45. estremadura
46. minho
47. ribatejo
49. acores

ROMANIA

1. romnia
2. romania
3. roumanie
4. rumnien
5. rumanien
6. rumana
7. rumnien
8. romnia
9. romnia
10. romenia
11. rumunia
12. rumunsko
13. romunija
14. rumnija
15. rumunija
16. rumeenia
17.
18. romnia
19. rumanija
20. roemeni

SLOVAKIA

6. slovaki-vabariik
11. slovak-republic
22. -
27. slovakivabariik
30. slovakrepublic
41.
42. slowakei
43. slovaquie
44. slovakia
45. slovensko
46. slovakiet
47. slovakkia
48. szlovakia
49. slovacchia
50. slovakija
51. slowakije
52. slowacija
53. eslovaquia
54. slovaska
55.
56. slovakien
59. szlovk-kztrsasg
68. szlovkkztrsasg
75. szlovkia
76. slovkija
77. sowacija
78. slovaka
79. slovaka

SLOVENIA

1. slovenija
2. slovenia
3. slowenien
4. slovenie
5. la-slovenie
6. laslovenie
REGULATIONS
Part 4
7. eslovenia
12. szlovenia

SPAIN

1. espaa
2. reinodeespana
3. reino-de-espana
4. espagne
5. espana
6. espanha
7. espanja
8. espanya
9. hispaania
10. hiszpania
11. ispanija
12. spagna
13. spain
14. spanielsko
15. spanien
16. spanija
17. spanje
18. reinodeespaa
19. reino-de-espaa
20. panielsko
21. spnija
22. panija
23. panilsko
24. espainia
25. ispania
26.
27. andalucia
28. andaluca
29. andalousie
30. andalusia
31. andalusien
33. juntadeandaluca
34. aragon
35. aragn
37. gobiernoaragn
40. asturias
41. asturies
42. illesbalears
43. islasbaleares
44. canarias
46. canaryisland
48. cantabria
52. castillayleon
53. castillaylen
58. catalunya
59. catalua
60. katalonien
61. catalonia
62. catalogna
63. catalogne
64. cataloni
65. katalonias
66. catalunha
67. kataloniens
68. katalonian
69. cataloni
70. extremadura
71.
72.
73. xuntadegalicia
78. larioja
80. comunidadmadrid
81. madridregion
82. regionmadrid
83. madrid
84. murciaregion
85. murciaregin
86. murciaregione
87. murciaregiao
88. regiondemurcia
89. regindemurcia
90. regionofmurcia
91. regionvonmurcia
92. regionedimurcia
93. regiaodomurcia
94. navarra
95. nafarroa
96. navarre
103. paisvasco
104. pasvasco
105. euskadi
106. euskalherria
107. paisbasc
108. basquecountry
109. paysbasque
110. paesebasco
111. baskenland
112. paisbasco
113.
114. gobiernovasco
116. governbasc
119. governobasco
122.
127. ceuta
128. gobiernoceuta
129. melilla

SWEDEN

1. suecia
2. reinodesuecia
3. sverige
4. kongerietsverige
5. schweden
8.
9.
10. sweden
11. kingdomofsweden
12. sude
13. suede
14. royaumedesude
15. royaumedesuede
16. svezia
17. regnodisvezia
18. zweden
20. sucia
21. reinodasucia
22. reinodasuecia
23. ruotsi
26. vdsko
27. rootsi
28. svedija
29. svdorszag
30. svedorszag
31. l-isvezja
32. szweja
33. vedska
34. svedska

UNITED KINGDOM

1. unitedkingdom
2. united-kingdom
3. united_kingdom
4. greatbritain
5. great-britain
6. great_britain
7. britain
8. cymru
9. england
10. northernireland
13. scotland
14. wales

REGULATIONS
Part 4

CROATIA

1. croatia
2. kroatia
3. kroatien
4. kroatien
5. croazia
6. kroatien
7. croacia
8. croatie
9. horvtorszg
10. horvatorszag
11. kroati
12. kroatie
13. chorwacja
14.
15. chorvatsko
16. charvtsko
17. horvaatia
18. kroaatia
19. crocia
20. croacia
21. horvtija
22. horvatija
23. kroatija
24. kroazja
25. chorvtsko
26. chrovatsko
27. hrvaka
28. hrvaska

ICELAND

6. iceland
7. icelandrepublic
8. iepublikaislande
9. ijsland
10. island
11. islanda
12. islande
13. islandia
14. islndia
15. islandica
16. islandrepublik
19. islanti
20. izland
21. sland
22. slenskalveldi
23. kztrsasgizland
27. lislande
28. lveldisland
34. republikaisland
42.
43.

LIECHTENSTEIN

7.

NORWAY

1. norge
2. noreg
3. norway
4. norwegen
5. norvege
6. norvge
7. noruega
8. norvegia
9. norvgia
10. norsko
11. nrsko
12. norra
13. norja
14. norvegija
15. norvija
16. noorwegen
17.
18. norvegja
19. norveja
20. norveska
21. norveka
22. norwegia
23. norga

TURKEY

1. turkiye
2. trkiye
3. turkiyecumhuriyeti

Part 5

Regulation (EC) No 560/2009 of 26 June 2009
amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying
down public policy rules concerning the
Domain and the principles governing registration
REGULATIONS
Part 5

of 26 June 2009

amending Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 laying down public policy
rules concerning the implementation and functions of the .eu Top
Level Domain and the principles governing registration




1


Whereas:

(1) The third paragraph of Article 6 of Commission Regulation (EC) No
874/2004
2
provides that the Registry shall perform the registration of
domain names in all the alphabetic characters of the official languages of
the Community when adequate international standards become available.

(2) The official languages of the Community comprise more alphabetic
characters than those which were available for registration at the
beginning of the phased registration period provided for in Chapter IV of

(3) However, it has now become technically possible to register names in
the official languages of the Community under the .eu Top Level Domain
(hereinafter TLD) also using alphabetic characters which were not
available for registration at that time.

(4) It needs to be ensured that interested parties are informed of the new
characters before those characters become available for registration of
names under the .eu TLD. Therefore the Registry should publish in
advance information about alphabetic characters which will be added to

1
OJ L 113, 30.4.2002, p. 1.
2
OJ L 162, 30.4.2004, p. 40.

the characters already available for registration of names under the .eu
TLD.

(5) In accordance with the second paragraph of Article 9 of Regulation
(EC) No 874/2004 the Commission has asked the Registry to introduce
certain domain names directly under the .eu TLD for use by the
Community institutions and bodies. Now that it has become technically
possible to register names in the official languages of the Community
under the .eu TLD also using alphabetic characters which were not
available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration
period provided for in Chapter IV of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004, the
Commission should be given the possibility to ask the Registry to
introduce domain names containing those characters in addition to the
names it has already asked for.

(6) The Member States, candidate countries and the members of the
European Economic Area have requested the registration or the
reservation of their names in accordance with Article 8 of Regulation (EC)
No 874/2004. The names concerned are listed in the Annex to Regulation
(EC) No 874/2004. Now that it has become technically possible to
register names under the .eu TLD also using those alphabetic characters
of the official languages of the Community which were not available for
registration at the beginning of the phased registration period provided for
in Chapter IV of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004, certain countries have
requested changes to those lists.

(7) It is therefore necessary to update the lists in the Annex to Regulation
(EC) No 874/2004 in order to duly take into account names containing
characters that were not previously available.

(8) Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 should be amended accordingly.

(9) As it is in the interest of the European citizens and enterprises to have
the possibility to register names in the official languages of the
Community using alphabetic characters which were not available for
registration at the beginning of the phased registration period provided for
in Chapter IV of Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 as soon as possible, the
entry into force of this Regulation should not be unduly delayed.

the opinion of the Communications Committee
3
,

3
OJ L 108, 24.4.2002, p. 33.
REGULATIONS
Part 5

Article 1

Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 is amended as follows:

1. Article 6 is amended as follows:

(a) the first, second and third paragraphs become paragraphs 1, 2 and 3;

(b) the fourth paragraph is replaced by the following:

4. If it becomes technically possible to register names in the official
languages under the .eu TLD using alphabetic characters which were
not available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration
period provided for in Chapter IV, the Registry shall announce on its
website that it will be possible to register names under the .eu TLD
containing those characters.

The announcement shall contain a list of the characters in question and
set out the date from which it will be possible to register .eu domain
names using them.

The announcement shall be made three months before that date at the
latest.

5. The Registry shall not be required to perform functions using
languages other than the official languages.;

2. Article 9 is amended as follows:

(a) the first and second paragraphs become paragraphs 1 and 2;

(b) the following paragraph 3 is added:

3. If it becomes technically possible to register names in the official
languages under the .eu TLD using alphabetic characters which were
not available for registration at the beginning of the phased registration
period provided for in Chapter IV, the Registry shall notify the
Commission thereof.

That notification shall be made at the latest one month prior to the day
of the announcement referred to in Article 6(4) and shall indicate the
date of the announcement.

At the latest 10 working days before the date indicated in the
announcement made in accordance with Article 6(4), the Commission
shall ask the Registry to introduce any domain names containing one or
more of those characters which it wishes to reserve for use by the
Community institutions and bodies, directly under the .eu TLD.;

3. in the fourth subparagraph of Article 11 the reference to the third
paragraph of Article 6 is replaced by a reference to Article 6(3);

4. in the first subparagraph of paragraph 1 of Article 12, he reference to
the first paragraph of Article 6 is replaced by a reference to Article 6(1);

5. the Annex is replaced by the Annex to this Regulation.

Article 2

This Regulation shall enter into force on the third day following its
publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

Member States.

Done at Brussels, 26 June 2009.

For the Commission
Viviane REDING

REGULATIONS
Part 5
ANNEX

1. List of names per country and the countries that can register them:

AUSTRIA

1. sterreich
2. oesterreich
5. afstria
7. strig
9. oestrig
10. austria
13. autriche
15. oostenrijk
18. itvalta
20. itaevalta
21. sterrike
22. oesterrike
24. rakousko
27. austrija
30. ausztria
31. Osztrk-Kztrsasg
33. raksko
35. avstrija
37. awstrija
43. republicaustria
44. repblicaaustria
48. repblicaaustria
54. OsztrkKztrsasg
56. republikaraksko
59. aostria
61. vabariikaostria
62. --
63.
64.
65. pa
66. p-a
67. a

BELGIUM

1. belgie
2. belgi
3. belgique
4. belgien
5. belgium
6. blgica
7. belgica
8. belgio
9. belgia
10. belgija
11. vlaanderen
12. wallonie
13. walloni
14. brussel
18. vlaams-gewest
19. waals-gewest

21. flandre
22. bruxelles
29. rgion-flamande
30. region-flamande
31. rgion-wallonne
32. region-wallonne
35. flandern
36. wallonien
37. bruessel
38. brssel
45. flmische-region
49. flanders
50. wallonia
51. brussels
55. flemish-region
56. walloon-region
58. flandes
59. valonia
60. bruselas
65. region-flamenca
66. regin-flamenca
67. region-valona
68. regin-valona
71. fiandre
72. vallonia
80. regione-vallona
82. flandres
83. bruxelas
84. comunidade-flamenga 85.
comunidade-francofona
87. regiao-flamenga
88. regio-flamenga
89. regiao-vala
90. regio-vala
93. vallonien
94. bryssel
hovedstadsomraadet
107. flanderi
111. flanderin-alue
112. vallonian-alue
113. brysselin-alue
114. flandry
115. valonsko
116. brusel
120. vlamsky-region
122. region-brusel
123. flandrija
124. valonija
125. bruselj
REGULATIONS
Part 5
129. flamska-regija
130. valonska-regija
131. regija-bruselj

BULGARIA

1.
2. bulgaria
3. bulharsko
4. bulgarien
5. bulgaaria
6.
7. bulgarie
8. bulgarija
9. bulgarije
10. bolgarija
31.
32. --
33. __
52. repblikabulgria
58. bulgarja
59. blgarija
69. kztrsasgbulgria
72. a
73. a
74. a
75. a
76. a
77. a
78. a
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.

95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
111.
112.
113.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
143.
144.
145.
146.
147.
148.
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170.
171.
172.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
191.
192.
193.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
REGULATIONS
Part 5
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
219.
220.
221.
222.
223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.
232.
233.
234.
235.
236.
237.
238.
239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
244.
245.
246.
247.
248.
249.
250.
251.
252.
253.
254.
255.
256.
257.
258.
259.
260.
261.
262.
263.
264.
265.
266.
267.
268.
269.
270.
271.
272.
273.
274.
275.
276.
277.
278.
279.
280.
281.
282.
283.
284.
285.
286.
287.
288.
289.
290.
291.
292.
293.
294.
295.
296.
297.
298.
299.
300.
301.
302.
303.
304.
305.
306.

307.
308.
309.
310.
311.
312.
313.
314.
315.
316.
317.
318.
319.
320.
321.
322.
323.
324.
325.
326.
327.
328.
329.
330.
331.
332.
333.
334.
335.
336.
337.
338.
339.
340.
341.
342.
343.
344.
345.
346.
347.
348.
349.
350.
351.
352.
353.

CYPRUS

1. cypern
2. cyprus
3. cyprus
4. kypros
5. chypre
6. zypern
7.
8. cipro
9. chipre
10. chipre
11. cypern
12. anchipr
13. kypr
14. kpros
15. ciprus
16. kipras
17. kipra
18. ipru
19. cypr
20. ciper
21. cyprus
22. kibris
24. republiekcyprus
28. republikzypern
29.
33. cypernsrepublik
34. poblachtnacipre
36. kprosevabariik
37. ciprusikztrsasg
38. kiprorespublika
39. kiprasrepublika
40. republikataipru
42. republikaciper
45. airda
46. aridaki
47. aelya
48. aeritu
49. aa
50. aybifan-da
51. ayinikola-lefkoa-solya
52. ayirini-lefkoa
REGULATIONS
Part 5
53. aykuru-girne
54. aymarina-illura
55. aynikola-mausa
56. aytotoro-mausa
57. ayvarvara-lefkoa
58. ayvavainya
59. ayyanni-lefkoa-malunda
60. ayyorgi-lefkoa-solya
61. ayyorgi-mausa-spathariko
62. baf-kazas
63. atoz
64. elya-girne
65. engomi-lefkoa
66. engomi-mausa
67. eurokbrs
68. euro-kbrs
69. geitkale
70. girne-kazas
71. gneyli
72. goi
73. kalava
74. kaloreya
75. kalohoryo-da
76. kalohoryo-lefkoa-solya
77. karpaa
78. koina
79. koinotrimitya
80. kmrc
81. krdemen
82. korne
83. kukla-mausa
84. kutsoventi
85. laa
86. larnaka-kazas
87. lefkoa
88. lefkoa-kazas
89. lemesos-kazas
90. lemesosarapkyleri
91. lemesos-arapkyleri
92. leymosun-kazas
93. livadya-lefkoa
94. livadya-mausa
95. mausa
96. mausa-kazas
97. mandres-lefkoa
98. mandres-mausta
99. melua
100. milya-baf
101. monari
102. monarulli
103. mormeneke
104. neyohoryo-lefkoa
105. ortaky
106. palehor-da
107. panara
108. pareklia
109. patri
110. peristerona-lefkoa
111. peristerona-mausa
112. pirga-mausa
113. prastyo-lefkoa
114. prastyo-mausa
115. ehirselaalandrma
116. illura
117. sotira-mausa
118. ssky
119. trahoni-lefkoa
120. traipeyula
121. tremee
122. trua
123. varia
124. vavainya
125. vrea
126. vroyia
127. yenara
128. yeniceky
129. yeroibu
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135. -
136. --
137. --
138. --
139. --
140. --
141. --
142. --
143. --
144. -
145. -
146. -
147. -
148. -
149. -
150. -
151. -
152. -
153. --
154. --
155. --
156. --
157. -

158. --
159. --
160. --
161. --
162. --

163. --
164. -
165. -
166. -
167. -
168. --
169. --
170. -
171. -
172. -
173. --
174. --
175. --
176. --
177. --
178. -
179. -
180. -
181. -
182. --
183. ---

184. --
185. --
186. -
187. -
188. -
189. --
190. ---

191. --
192. -
193. -
194. -
195. -
196. -
197. -
198.
199.
200.
201.
202.
203.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
219.
220.
221.
222.
223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
228.
229.
230.
231.
232.
233.
234.
235.
236.
237.
238.
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240.
241.
242.
243.
244.
245.
246.
247.
248.
249.
250.
251. -
252. -
253.
254.
255.
256.
257.
258.
259.
260. -
REGULATIONS
Part 5
261. -
262.
263.
264.
265.
266.
267.
268. -
269.
270.
271.
272.
273.
274.
275.
276.
277. -
278. -
279.
280.
281.
282.
283.
284.
285.
286.
287.
288.
289.
290.
291. -
292. -
293.
294.
295.
296.
297.
298.
299.
300.
301.
302.
303.
304.
305.
306.
307.
308.
309.
310.
311.
312.
313.
314.
315.
316.
317.
318.
319.
320.
321.
322.
323.
324.
325.
326. --
327.
328.
329.
330.
331.
332.
333.
334. -
335.
336.
337. -
338. -
339.
340. -
341. -
342.
343.
344. --
345. -
346. -
347. -
348. -
349. -
350. -
351. -
352.
353. -
354. -
355.
356.
357.
358.
359.
360.
361.
362.
363.
364.
365.
366.

367.
368.
369.
370.
371.
372.
373.
374.
375.
376.
377.
378. --
379. --
380. --
381. ---
382. --
383.
384.
385.
386.
387.
388.
389.
390.
391.
392.
393.
394.
395.
396.
397.
398.
399.
400.
401.
402.
403.
404. -
405. -
406. -
407. -
408. -
409. -
410. -
411.
412. -
413. -
414. -
415. -
416. -
417. -
418. -
419.
420.
421.
422.
423.
424.
425.
426.
427.
428.
429.
430.
431.
432.
433.
434.
435.
436.
437.
438.
439.
440.
441.
442.
443.
444.
445.
446.
447.
448.
449.
450.
451.
452.
453.
454.
455.
456.
457.
458.
459. -
460. -
461.
462. -
463.
464.
465.
466.
467.
468. -
469.
470. -
471.
472.
REGULATIONS
Part 5
473. -
474. -
475.
476. --
477.
478.
479.
480.
481. -
482.
483.
484.
485.
486.
487. -
488.
489. --
490. -
491.
492.
493.
494.
495.
496.
497.
498.
499.
500. -
501.
502. -
503.
504.
505.
506.
507. -
508.
509.
510.
511.
512.
513.
514.
515.
516.
517.
518.
519.
520.
521. -
522. -
523. -
524.
525. -
526.
527.
528.
529.
530.
531.
532.
533.
534.
535.
536.
537.
538.
539.
540.
541.
542.
543.
544.
545.
546.
547.
548.
549.
550. -
551. -
552. -
553. -
554.
555.
556.
557.
558.
559.
560.
561.
562.
563.
564.
565.
566.
567.
568.
569.
570.
571.
572. -
573.
574. -
575.
576. -
577. -
578.

579. -
580.
581.
582.
583.
584.
585.
586.
587.
588.
589.
590.
591.
592.
593.
594.
595.
596.
597.
598.
599.
600. -
601. --
602. --
603.
604.
605.
606.
607.
608.
609.
610.
611.
612.
613.
614.
615.
616.

617. --

618.
619.
620.
621.
622.
623.
624.
625.
626.
627. -
628. -
629.
630.
631. -
632. -
633. -
634. -
635. -
636. -
637. -
638. -
639. -
640. -
641. -
642. -
643. -
644.
645.
646.
647.
648.
649.
650.
651.
652.
653.
654.
655.
656.
657.
658.
659.
660.
661. -
662. -
663.
664. -
665. -
666. -
667. -
668. -
669.
670.
671. --
672.
673.
674.
675.
676.
677.
678.
679.
680.
681.
682.
REGULATIONS
Part 5
683.
684.
685. -
686.
687.
688.
689.
690.
691.
692.
693.
694. -
695. --
696. --
697. -
698. -
699.
700.
701. --
702.

703. ---

704.
705. -
706. -
707. -
708.
709.
710.
711.
712.
713.
714.
715. --
716.
717.
718.
719.
720.
721.
722.
723.
724.
725.
726. -
727.
728.
729.
730.
731.
732.
733. --
734.
735.
736.
737.
738.
739.
740.
741.
742.
743.
744. -
745. -
746.
747.
748. ---
749.
750.
751.
752.
753.
754.

755. ---

756. --

757.
758.
759.
760.
761. -
762. -
763. -
764.
765.
766.
767.
768.
769.
770.
771.
772.
773.
774.
775.
776.
777.
778.
779.
780. -
781. -
782.
783. -

784. -
785.
786.
787.
788.
789.
790.
791.
792.
793.
794.
795.
796.
797.
798.
799.
800.
801.
802.
803.
804.
805.
806.
807.

808.
809.
810.
811.
812.
813. aridya
814. aro
815. arocipya
816. apea
817. apu
818. beyky
819. boaz
820. bk
821. ada
822. akistra
823. erkez
824. eksometo
825. koat
826. pahi
827. a
828. arapkyleri
829. -
830. --
CZECH REPUBLIC

1. ceska-republika
4. tsehhi-vabariik
5. -
6. czech-republic
7. repulica-checa
9. repubblica-ceca
13. repubblica-ceka
16. republica-checa
17. ceska-republika
18. ceska-republika
21. ceskarepublika
24. tsehhivabariik
25.
26. czechrepublic
27. repulicacheca
29. repubblicaceca
32. csehkoztarsasag
33. repubblicaceka
35. republikaczeska
36. republicacheca
37. ceskarepublika
38. ceskarepublika
39. tsekintasavalta
41. czech
42. cesko
43. tjekkiet
44. tschechien
45. tsehhi
46.
47. czechia
48. chequia
49. tchequie
50. cechia
51. cehija
52. cekija
REGULATIONS
Part 5
53. csehorszag
54. tsjechie
55. czechy
56. chequia
57. ceska
58. tsekinmaa
59. tjeckien
60. cechy
61. eska-republika
62. tsehhi-vabariik
63. republica-checa
66. cseh-kztarsasag
67. republica-checa
68. eska-republika
69. eskarepublika
70. tsehhivabariik
71. republicacheca
73. ehijasrepublika
74. csehkztarsasag
75. republicacheca
76. eskarepublika
77. esko
78. tsjechi
79. tsehhi
80. chequia
81. tchequie
82. ehija
83. csehorszag
84. eska
85. echy
86. esk-republika
87. eskrepublika
88. republika-esk
89. republikaesk
90. echy
91. -
92.
93.
94.
95. -
96.
97. repblica-checa
98. repblicacheca
99. tehhi
100. tehhi-vabariigi
101. tehhivabariigi
102. tchquie
103. rpublique-tchque
104. rpubliquetchque
105. tekin-tasavalta
106. tekintasavalta
107. tekki
108. tekinmaa
109. ekija
110. ekijos-respublika
111. ekijosrespublika
112. chquia
113. republica-ceh
114. republicaceh
115. eka
116. republika-eka
117. republikaeka
118. csehorszg
119. cseh-kztrsasg
120. csehkztrsasg

DENMARK

1. danemark
2. denemarken
3. danmark
4. denmark
5. tanska
6.
7. danimarca
8. dinamarca
9. dnemark
10. dnsko
11. taani
12. danija
13. dnija
14. id-danimarka
15. dania
16. danska
17. dnia

ESTONIA

1. eesti
2. estija
3. estland
4. estonia
5. estnia
6. estonie
7. estonija
8. estonja
9.
10. igaunija
11. viro

FINLAND

1. suomi
2. finland
3. finska
4. finsk
5. finlndia
6. finlandia
7. finlandja
8. finnorszg
9. suomija
10. somija
11. finlande
12.
13. soomi
14. finnland
15. finsko
16. land

FRANCE

1. francia
2. francie
3. frankrig
4. frankreich
5. prantsusmaa
6.
7. gallia
8. france
9. france
10. francia
11. francija
12. pranczija
13. prancuzija
14. franciaorszg
15. franciaorszag
16. franza
17. frankrijk
18. francja
19. frana
20. franczsko
21. francuzsko
22. francija
23. ranska
24. frankrike
34. frenchrepublic
35. french-republic
36. french_republic
49. alsace
50. auvergne
51. aquitaine
52. basse-normandie
53. bassenormandie
54. bourgogne
55. bretagne
56. centre
59. corse
60. franche-comte
61. franche-comt
62. franchecomte
63. franchecomt
64. haute-normandie
65. hautenormandie
66. ile-de-France
67. le-de-France
68. iledeFrance
69. ledeFrance
72. limousin
73. lorraine
74. midi-pyrenees
75. midi-pyrnes
76. midipyrenees
77. midipyrnes
79. nordpasdecalais
80. paysdelaloire
82. picardie
84. poitoucharentes
REGULATIONS
Part 5
89. rhone-alpes
90. rhne-alpes
91. rhonealpes
92. rhnealpes
93. guadeloupe
94. guyane
95. martinique
96. reunion
97. runion
98. mayotte
114. wallisetfutuna
117.
ses
franaises
119. saint-barthlmy
120. saintbarthlmy
123. saint-martin
124. saintmartin
125.

GERMANY

1. deutschland
5. allemagne
7. alemanna
9. germania
11. germany
13. tyskland
15. duitsland
17. nemecko
19. alemanha
21. niemczech
23. nmetorszg
24.
25. vokietijos
27. vacija
29. ditschland
31. germanja
33. gearmaine
34.
35. saksamaa
37. nemcija
39.
40. saksa
43. Bavaria
44. Bayern
45. Berlin
46. Brandenburg
47. Bremen
48. Hamburg
49. Hessen
50. Lower-Saxony
Pomerania

53. niedersachsen
56. Rheinland-Pfalz
58. Saarland
59. Sachsen
60. Sachsen-Anhalt
61. Saxony
62. Saxony-Anhalt
64. Thringen
65. Thuringia
67. bade-wurtemberg
70. BadenWrttemberg
72. badewurtemberg
75. Baviera
76. Bavire
78. FreistaatBayern
82. Brandebourg
83. Brandeburgo
84. Brandenburgii
91. stadthamburg
92. stadt-hamburg
93. hamburg-stadt
94. hamburg
95. landhamburg
96. land-hamburg
97. hamburku
98. hampuriin
99. hamborg
100. hamburgo
101. hambourg
102. amburgo
103. hamburgu
104. hanbao
105. hamburuku
106. hamburk
107. hesse
108. hassia
115. lasaxe
116. sachsen
117. sajonia
118. sajnia
119. saksen
120. saksimaa
121. saksio
122. saksonia
123. saksonijos
124. saka
125. saska
126. sasko
127. sassonia
128. saxe
129. saxonia
130. saxnia
131. szszorszg
132. szaszorszag
133.
134.
136. sorben
137. serbja
138. Sorben-Wenden
139. Wenden
141. domowina

GREECE

1. Grecia
2. Graekenland
3. Griechenland
4. Hellas
5. Greece
6. Grece
7. Grecia
8. Griekenland
9. Grecia
10. Kreikka
11. Grekland
12. Recko
13. Kreeka
14. Graecia
15. Graikija
REGULATIONS
Part 5
16. Gorogorszag
17. Grecja
18. Grecja
19. Grecko
20. Grcija
21.

22.
_
23. -

24.

25.
_
26. -

27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67. -

68. -

69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
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95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
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103.
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106.
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108.
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116.
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166.

167.
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268.
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272.
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276.
277.
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279.
280.
281.
282.
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306.
307.
308.
309.
310.
311.
312.
313.
314.
315.
316.
317.
318.
319.
320.
321.
322.
323.
324.
325.
REGULATIONS
Part 5
326.
327.
328.
329.
330.
331.
332.
333.
334.
335.
336.
337.
338.
339.
340.
341.
342.
343.
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469.
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471.
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473.
474.
475.
476.
477.
478.
479.
480.
481.
482.
483.
484.

485.
486.
487.
488.
489.
490.
491.
492.
493.
494.
495.
496.
497.
498.
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500.
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519.
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521.
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525.
526.
527.
528.
529.
530.
531.
532.
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534.
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536.
537.
538.
539.
540.
541.
542.
543.
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545.
546.
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548.
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550.
551.
552.
553.
554.
555.
556.
557.
558.
559.
560.
561.
562.
563.
564.
565.
566.
567.
568.
569.
570.
571.
572.
573.
574.
575.
576.
577.
578.
579.
580.
581.
582.

583.

584.

585.

586.

587.

588.
589.
590.
591.
592.
593.
594.
595.
596.
597.
598.
599.
600.
601.
602.
603.
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605.
606.
607.
608.
609.
610.
611.
612.
613.
614.
615.
616.
617.
618.
619.
620.
621.
622.
623.
624.
625.
626.
627.
628.
629.
630.
631.
632.
633.
634.
635.
636.
REGULATIONS
Part 5
637.
638.
639.
640.
641.
642.
643.
644.
645.
646.
647.
648.
649.
650.
651.
652.
653.
654.
655.
656.
657.
658.
659.
660.
661.
662.
663.
664.
665.
666.
667.
668.
669.
670.
671.
672.
673.
674.
675.
676.
677.
678.

679.

680.
681.
682.
683.
684.
685.
686.
687.
688.
689.
690.
691.
692.
693.
694.
695.
696.
697.
698.
699.
700.
701.
702.
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704.
705.
706.
707.
708.
709.
710.
711.
712.
713.
714.
715.
716.
717.
718.
719.
720.
721.
722.
723.
724.
725.
726.
727.
728.
729.
730.
731.
732.
733.
734.
735.
736.
737.
738.
739.
740.
741.
742.
743.
744.
745.
746.
747.
748.
749.
750.
751.
752.
753.
754.
755.
756.
757.
758.
759.
760.
761.
762.
763.
764.
765.
766.
767.
768.
769.
770.
771.

772.

773.
774.
775.
776.
777.
778.
779.
780.
781.
782.
783.
784.
785.
786.
787.
788.
789.
790.
791.

792.
793.
794.
795.
796.
797.
798.
799.
800.
801.
802.
803.
804.
805.
806.
807.
808.
809.
810.
811.
812.
813.
814.
815.
816.
817.
818.
819.
820.
821.
822.
823.
824.
825.
826.
827.
828.
829.
830.
831.
832.
833.
834.
835.
836.
837.
838.
839.
840.
841.
842.
843.
844.
845.
846.
847.
848.
849.
850.
851.
852.
853.
854.
855.
856.
857.
858.
859.
860.
861.
862.
863.
864.
865.
866.
867.
868.
869.
870.
871.
872.
873.
874.
875.
876.
877.
878.
879.
880.
881.
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883.
884.
885.
886.
887.
888.
889.
890.
891.
892.
893.
894.
895.
896.
897.
898.
899.
900.
901.
902.
903.
904.
905.
906.
907.
908.
909.
910.
911.
912.
913.
914.
915.
916.
917.
918.
919.
920.
921.
922.
923.
924.
925.
926.
927.
928.
929.
930.
931.
932.
933.
934.
935.
936.
937.
938.
939.
940.
941.
942.
943.
944.
945.
946.
947.
948.
949.
950.
REGULATIONS
Part 5
951.
952.
953.
954.
955.
956.
957.
958.
959.
960.
961.
962.
963.
964.
965.
966.
967.
968.
969.
970.
971.
972.
973.
974.
975.
976.
977.
978.
979.
980.
981.
982.
983.
984.
985.
986.
987.
988.
989.
990.
991.
992.
993.
994.
995.
996.
997.
998.
999.
1000.
1001.
1002.
1003.
1004.
1005.
1006.
1007.
1008.
1009.
1010.
1011.
1012.
1013.
1014.
1015.
1016.
1017.
1018.
1019.
1020.
1021.
1022.
1023.
1024.
1025.
1026.
1027.
1028.
1029.
1030.
1031.
1032.
1033.
1034.
1035.
1036.
1037.
1038.
1039.
1040.
1041.
1042.
1043.
1044.
1045.
1046.
1047.
1048.
1049.
1050.
1051.
1052.
1053.
1054.
1055.
1056.
1057.
1058.
1059.
1060.
1061.
1062.
1063.
1064.
1065.
1066.

1067.

1068.
1069.
1070.
1071.
1072.
1073.
1074.

HUNGARY

4. republikungarn
9. unkarintasavalta
13. ungarivabariik
16. magyarorszag

17. hungary
18. hongrie
19. ungarn
20. hungria
21. ungheria
22. ungern
23. unkari
24. hongarije
25. wegry
26. madarsko
27. ungari
28. ungarija
29. vengrija
30. magyarkztrsasg
31. magyarorszg
34. madzarsko
35.
36.
37. nyugatdunntl
38. kzpdunntl
39. dldunntl
40. kzpmagyarorszg
41. szakmagyarorszg
42. szakalfld
43. dlalfld
44. nyugatdunantul
45. kozepdunantul
46. deldunantul
49. eszakalfold
50. delalfold

IRELAND

1. irlanda
2. irsko
3. irland
4. iirimaa
5. ireland
6. irlande
7. irlanda
8. rija
9. Airija
10. rorszg
11. L-Irlanda
12. i
13. ierland
14. irlandia
15. rsko
16. irska
17. irlanti
18. irland
19. .irlande
20.
21. irlande
23. eire
24. irelnd
25. irelnd
26. irelnd
27. irelnd
28. irelnd
29. irelnd
30. irelnd
31. irelnd
32. irelnd
33. irland
34. irland
35. irland
36. irland
37. reland
38. reland
39. reland
40. ireland
41. irelan
42. irelad
43. irelnd
44. irelnd
45. irelnd
46. irelan
47. irelan
48. irland
49. irland
50. irland
51. irland
52. irland
53. reland
54. reland
55. reland
56. reland
57. reland
58. irelad
59. irelad
60. irelad
61. irelad
62. irelad
63. ieland
64. ieland
65. ieland
66.

ITALY

1. Repubblica-
Italiana
3. Italia
4. Italy
5. Italian
6. Italien
7. Italija
8. Itlia
9. Itali
10. Italien
11. Itlie
12. Italie
13. Olaszorszg
14. Itlija
15. Wochy
16.
17. Italja
18. Taliansko
19. Itaalia
20. Abruzzo
21. Basilicata
22. Calabria
23. Campania
REGULATIONS
Part 5
24. Emilia-Romagna
25. Friuli-
VeneziaGiulia
26. Lazio
27. Liguria
28. Lombardia
29. Marche
30. Molise
31. Piemonte
32. Puglia
33. Sardegna
34. Sicilia
35. Toscana
36. Trentino-
AltoAdige
37. Umbria
38. Valled'Aosta
39. Veneto

LATVIA

1.
2. Lettorszag
3. Latvja
4. Letland
5. Lotwa
6. Letonia
7. Lotyssko
8. Latvija
9. Lettland
10. Latvia
11. Lotyssko
12. Letland
13. Lettland
14. Lati
15. Letonia
16. Lettonie
17. Lettonia
19. Latvijskajarespublika
20. lotysko
21.
22. lti
23. letnia
24.
25. otwa
26. letnia
27. letnia
28. lettorszg
29. rpubliquedelettonie
30. repblicadeletnia
31.
32. republikaotewska
33. rpubliquedelettonie

LITHUANIA

1. lietuva
2. leedu
3. liettua
4. litauen
5. lithouania
6. lithuania
7. litouwen
8. lituania
9. lituanie
10. litva
11. litvn
12. litvania
13. litvanya
14. litwa
15. litwanja
16. liettuan
17. litevsk
18. lietuvas
19. litwy
20. litovska
21. aukstaitija
22. zemaitija
23. dzukija
24. suvalkija
25. suduva
47. republiklitauen

50.
51. --
52. __
53.
54. --
55. __
74. leeduvabariik
75. leedu-vabariik
76. leedu_vabariik
80. litvnkztrsasg
81. litvn-kztrsasg
82. litvn_kztrsasg
86. republikalitwy
87. republika-litwy
88. republika_litwy
92. republikalitva
93. republika-litva
94. republika_litva
95. auktaitija
96. emaitija
97. dzkija
98. sduva
99.
100.
101. -
102.

LUXEMBOURG

1. luxembourg 2. luxemburg 3. letzebuerg

MALTA

1. malta
2. malte
3. melita
4. republicofmalta
7. the-republic-of-
malta
9. repubblika-ta-
malta
10. maltarepublic
11. maltarepubblika
12. gozo
13. ghawdex
14. gawdex

NETHERLANDS

1. nederland
2. holland
3. thenetherlands
4. netherlands
5. lespaysbas
6. hollande
7. dieniederlande
8. lospaisesbajos
9. holanda
10. frysln
11. provinciefrysln
12. provincie-frysln
13. dieniederlnde
14. niederlnde
15. neerlands
16. pasesbaxos
17. pasesbajos
18. nerlande
19. pasesbaixos
20. neerlndia

REGULATIONS
Part 5
POLAND

4. polska
5. polonia
6. lenkija
7. poland
8. polen
9. pologne
10. polsko
11. poola
12. puola

PORTUGAL

2. portugal
3. portuglia
4. portugalia
5. portugali
6. portugalska
7. portugalsko
8. portogallo
9. portugalija
10. portekiz
11.
12. portugle
13. aveiro
14. beja
15. braga
16. bragana
17. castelobranco
18. coimbra
19. evora
20. faro
21. guarda
22. leiria
23. lisboa
24. portalegre
25. porto
26. santarem
27. setubal
28. vianadocastelo
29. viseu
30. vilareal
31. madeira
32. aores
33. alentejo
34. algarve
35. altoalentejo
36. baixoalentejo
37. beiraalta
38. beirabaixa
39. beirainterior
40. beiralitoral
42. douro
43. dourolitoral
45. estremadura
46. minho
47. ribatejo
49. acores

ROMANIA

1. romnia
2. romania
3. roumanie
4. rumnien
5. rumanien
6. rumana
7. rumnien
8. romnia
9. romnia
10. romenia
11. rumunia
12. rumunsko
13. romunija
14. rumnija
15. rumunija
16. rumeenia
17.
18. romnia
19. rumanija
20. roemeni
21. romnia
22. bucureti
23.
24.
25. rumnien
26. bukure
27. rumnien
28.
29. o
30. rumana
31. rumnija
32. bukaretas
33. romnia
34. roemeni
35. romnia
36. bukareta
37. rumnien
38.
39.
40. rmena
41. bkarest

SLOVAKIA

6. slovaki-vabariik
11. slovak-republic
22. -
27. slovakivabariik
30. slovakrepublic
41.
42. slowakei
43. slovaquie
44. slovakia
45. slovensko
46. slovakiet
47. slovakkia
48. szlovakia
49. slovacchia
50. slovakija
51. slowakije
52. slowacija
53. eslovaquia
54. slovaska
55.
56. slovakien
59. szlovk-kztrsasg
68. szlovkkztrsasg
75. szlovkia
76. slovkija
77. sowacija
78. slovaka
79. slovaka

SLOVENIA

1. slovenija
2. slovenia
3. slowenien
4. slovenie
5. la-slovenie
6. laslovenie
7. eslovenia
12. szlovenia
REGULATIONS
Part 5
SPAIN

1. espaa
2. reinodeespana
3. reino-de-espana
4. espagne
5. espana
6. espanha
7. espanja
8. espanya
9. hispaania
10. hiszpania
11. ispanija
12. spagna
13. spain
14. spanielsko
15. spanien
16. spanija
17. spanje
18. reinodeespaa
19. reino-de-espaa
20. panielsko
21. spnija
22. panija
23. panilsko
24. espainia
25. ispania
26.
27. andalucia
28. andaluca
29. andalousie
30. andalusia
31. andalusien
33. juntadeandaluca
34. aragon
35. aragn
37. gobiernoaragn
40. asturias
41. asturies
42. illesbalears
43. islasbaleares
44. canarias
46. canaryisland
48. cantabria
52. castillayleon
53. castillaylen
58. catalunya
59. catalua
60. katalonien
61. catalonia
62. catalogna
63. catalogne
64. cataloni
65. katalonias
66. catalunha
67. kataloniens
68. katalonian
69. cataloni
70. extremadura
71.
72.
73. xuntadegalicia
78. larioja
80. comunidadmadrid
81. madridregion
82. regionmadrid
83. madrid
84. murciaregion
85. murciaregin
86. murciaregione
87. murciaregiao
88. regiondemurcia
89. regindemurcia
90. regionofmurcia
91. regionvonmurcia
92. regionedimurcia
93. regiaodomurcia
94. navarra
95. nafarroa
96. navarre

103. paisvasco
104. pasvasco
105. euskadi
106. euskalherria
107. paisbasc
108. basquecountry
109. paysbasque
110. paesebasco
111. baskenland
112. paisbasco
113.
114. gobiernovasco
116. governbasc
119. governobasco
122.
127. ceuta
128. gobiernoceuta
129. melilla

SWEDEN

1. suecia
2. reinodesuecia
3. sverige
4. kongerietsverige
5. schweden
8.
9.
10. sweden
11. kingdomofsweden
12. sude
13. suede
14. royaumedesude
15. royaumedesuede
16. svezia
17. regnodisvezia
18. zweden
20. sucia
21. reinodasucia
22. reinodasuecia
23. ruotsi
26. vdsko
27. rootsi
28. svedija
29. svdorszag
30. svedorszag
31. l-isvezja
32. szweja
33. vedska
34. svedska

UNITED KINGDOM

1. unitedkingdom
2. united-kingdom
3. united_kingdom
4. greatbritain
5. great-britain
6. great_britain
7. britain
8. cymru
9. england
10. northernireland
13. scotland
14. wales


CROATIA

1. croatia
2. kroatia
3. kroatien
4. kroatien
5. croazia
6. kroatien
7. croacia
8. croatie
9. horvtorszg
10. horvatorszag
11. kroati
12. kroatie
13. chorwacja
14.
15. chorvatsko
REGULATIONS
Part 5
16. charvtsko
17. horvaatia
18. kroaatia
19. crocia
20. croacia
21. horvtija
22. horvatija
23. kroatija
24. kroazja
25. chorvtsko
26. chrovatsko
27. hrvaka
28. hrvaska

ICELAND

6. iceland
7. icelandrepublic
8. iepublikaislande
9. ijsland
10. island
11. islanda
12. islande
13. islandia
14. islndia
15. islandica
16. islandrepublik
19. islanti
20. izland
21. sland
22. slenskalveldi
23. kztrsasgizland
27. lislande
28. lveldisland
34. republikaisland
42.
43.
44. sland
45. akraneskaupstaur
46. akureyrarkaupstaur
47. lftanes
48. rneshreppur
49. sahreppur
50. bakkafjrur
51. bessastaahreppur
52. bifrst
53. bldudalur
54. blskgabygg
55. blndus
56. blndusbr
57. bolungarvk
58. bolungarvkurkaupstaur
59. boreyri
60. borgarbygg
61. borgarfjararhreppur
62. borgarfjrureystri
63. breidalshreppur
64. breidalsvk
65. bardalur
66. bjarhreppur
67. dalabygg
68. dalvk
69. dalvkurbygg
70. djpavogshreppur
71. djpivogur
72. egilsstair
73. eiar
74. eskifjrur
75. eyjafjararsveit
76. fskrsfjrur
77. fellabr
78. fjallabygg
79. fjarabygg
80. fljtsdalshra
81. fljtsdalshreppur
82. flahreppur
83. flir
84. garabr
85. garur
86. grenivk
87. grindavk
88. grindavkurbr
89. grmsey
90. grmseyjarhreppur

91. grmsnes-oggrafningshreppur
92. grundarfjararbr
93. grundarfjrur
94. grtubakkahreppur
95. hafnarfjararkaupstaur
96. hafnarfjrur
97. hallormsstaur
98. hnfsdalur
99. hofss
100. hlar
101. hlmavk
102. hrsey
103. hnavantshreppur
104. hnaingvestra
105. hsavk
106. hvalfjararsveit
107. hverageri
108. hveragerisbr
109. hvolsvllur
110. hfn
111. hrgrbygg
112. safjararbr
113. safjrur
114. keflavk
115. kirkjubjarklaustur
116. kjsarhreppur
117. kpasker
118. kpavogsbr
119. kpavogur
120. langanesbygg
121. laugars
122. litli-rskgssandur
123. mosfellsbr
124. mrdalshreppur
125. mvatn
126. neskaupsstaur
127. njarvk
128. norfjrur
129. noruring
130. lafsfjrur
131. lafsvk
132. patreksfjrur
133. rangringeystra
134. rangringytra
135. raufarhfn
136. reyarfjrur
137. reykhlahreppur
138. reykjahl
139. reykjanesbr
140. reykjavk
141. reykjavkcity
142. reykjavkurborg
143. sandgeri
144. sandgerisbr
145. saurkrkur
146. seltjarnarneskaupstaur
147. seyisfjararkaupstaur
148. seyisfjrur
149. siglufjrur
150. skaftrhreppur
151. skagabygg
152. skagastrnd
153. skeia-oggnpverjahreppur
154. skgar
155. sktustaahreppur
156. snfellsbr
157. snfellsnes
158. slheimar
159. strandabygg
160. stykkishlmsbr
161. stykkishlmur
162. stvarfjrur
163. suureyri
164. savk
165. savkurhreppur
166. svalbarseyri
167. svalbarshreppur
168. svalbarsstrandarhreppur
169. sveitarflagilftanes
170. sveitarflagirborg
171. sveitarflagigarur
172. sveitarflagihornafjrur
173. sveitarflagiskagafjrur
174. sveitarflagiskagastrnd
175. sveitarflagivogar
176. sveitarflagilfus
177. tlknafjararhreppur
178. tlknafjrur
179. tjrneshreppur
180. varmahl
181. vestmannaeyjabr
182. vesturbygg
183. vk
184. vopnafjararhreppur
185. vopnafjrur
186. ingeyjarsveit
187. ingeyri
188. rshfn
189. sbyrgi
190. snfellsjkull
191. vatnajkull
192. ingvellir

REGULATIONS
Part 5
LIECHTENSTEIN

7.

NORWAY

1. norge
2. noreg
3. norway
4. norwegen
5. norvege
6. norvge
7. noruega
8. norvegia
9. norvgia
10. norsko
11. nrsko
12. norra
13. norja
14. norvegija
15. norvija
16. noorwegen
17.
18. norvegja
19. norveja
20. norveska
21. norveka
22. norwegia
23. norga
24.
25. norvegi

TURKEY

1. turkiye
2. trkiye
3. turkiyecumhuriyeti
5. trkei
6. die-trkei
7. dietrkei
8. republik-trkei
9. republiktrkei
10. t
11. p-t
12. pt
13. tureck-republika
14. tureckrepublika
15. trgi
16. trgi-vabariik
17. trgivabariik
18. la-rpublique-de-turquie
19. larpubliquedeturquie
20. rpublique-de-turquie
21. rpubliquedeturquie
22. rpublique-turquie
23. rpubliqueturquie
24. turqua
25. repblica-de-turquia
26. repblicadeturquia
27. repblica-de-turqua
28. repblicadeturqua
29. la-repblica-de-turqua
30. larepblicadeturqua
31. trkorszg
32. trk-kztrsasg
33. trkkztrsasg
34. repblica-da-turquia
35. repblicadaturquia
36. tureck-republika
37. tureckrepublika
38. turija
39. republika-turija
40. republikaturija
41.
42. -
43.
44. t
45. p-t
46. pt


III. EURID (WWW.EURID.EU)

Part 1

Terms and Conditions

EURID
Part 1
.eu Domain Name Registration Terms and
Conditions

v.5.0

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Table of Contents

Definitions

Object and Scope

Section 1. Eligibility Requirements

Section 2. First Come, First Served Principle; Availability and Technical
Requirements; Blocked and Reserved Names

Section 3. Obligations of the Registrant

Section 4. Representations and Warranties of the Registrant

Section 5. Fees and Payment

Section 6. Term, Renewal and Extension of the term of the Domain
Name Registration

Section 7. Transfer of a Domain Name

Section 8. Suspended, Blocked and Revoked Domain Names; Registry
Lock

Section 9. Rights Granted

Section 10. Communication between the Registry and the Registrant

Section 11. Privacy and Data Protection

Section 12. Limitation of Liability

Section 13. Amendments

Section 14. Applicable Law and Jurisdiction

Section 15. Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

DEFINITIONS

Throughout these .eu Domain Name Registration terms and conditions
(Terms and Conditions), the .eu Registration Policy, the Registration
Guidelines, the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules, the Sunrise Rules, the
WHOIS Policy and their respective addenda, the following capitalised
terms and expressions shall have the meaning ascribed thereto below:

Application
Means a complete, technically correct request for a Domain Name
registration submitted to the Registry, which complies with all the
requirements provided for in (a) Section 3 of the Sunrise Rules and (b)
the Registration Guidelines;

ADR Procedure
Has the meaning ascribed to it in the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules;

Domain Name
Means a domain name registered directly under the .eu Top Level
Domain or for which a request or application for registration has been
filed with the Registry;

.eu Dispute Resolution Rules
Means the rules for the Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) procedure
referred to in Article 22 of the Public Policy Rules;

.eu Regulation
Means Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of
the Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level
Domain, OJ L, 113, 30 April 2002, pp. 1-5 and subsequent amendments;

General Eligibility Criteria
Eligibility Criteria set out in Art 4 (2)(b) of the .eu Regulation;

Phased Registration Period
Means the four-month period prior to the start of general registration of
Domain Names during which only holders of prior rights recognised or
established by national and/or Community law and Public Bodies shall be
eligible to register Domain Names, as referred to in Chapter IV of the
Public Policy Rules and announced in accordance therewith, or any other
period organised by the Registry with a similar objective;

Public Policy Rules
Means Commission Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying
down public policy rules concerning the implementation and functions of
the .eu Top Level Domain and the principles governing registration, OJ L,
162, 30 April 2004, pp. 40-50 and subsequent amendments;
EURID
Part 1
Registrant
Means a natural person, company or organisation who is holder of a
Domain Name registration or who has filed a request or application for
the registration of a Domain Name;

Registrar
Means a person or entity that, via a contract with the Registry, provides
domain name registration services to Registrants;

Registration Guidelines
Means the technical guidelines made available on the Website of the
Registry;

Registration Policy
Means the document available on the Website of the Registry;

Registry
Means EURid vzw/asbl, a not-for-profit organisation duly incorporated
and validly existing under the laws of Belgium, with registered office at
Park Station, Woluwelaan 150, 1831 Diegem (Belgium);

Regulations
Means the .eu Regulation and the Public Policy Rules;

Rules
Means the Terms and Conditions, the Registration Policy, the .eu Dispute
Resolution Rules, the Sunrise Rules (if applicable), the Registration
Guidelines and the Regulations;

Sunrise Rules
Means the terms and conditions that shall apply during the Phased
Registration Period, made available on the Website of the Registry;

Term
Means the (renewable) term of registration of a Domain Name
commencing on the registration date or (in case a transfer has occurred
before 7 April 2011) on the date of the last transfer before 7 April 2011 (=
the introduction of multi-year registrations) and ending in the last calendar
year of the term on the last day of the month when the Domain Name
was registered or last transferred before 7 April 2011.

At any time the Domain Name registration may be extended for an
additional period not exceeding an aggregate total of ten (10) years at a
certain given time although the exact total amount may be more than ten
(10) years by adding the remaining number of days of the month in which
the Domain Name was registered or last transferred before 7 April 2011.

The transfer or re-activation of a Domain Name in principle does not
change the registration date or the registration anniversary date, but
extends the Term with another year, subject to the provisions set forth
herein.

Website of the Registry
Means the website available at http://www.eurid.eu;

WHOIS Policy
Means the WHOIS Policy made available on the Website of the Registry.

EURID
Part 1
OBJECT AND SCOPE

These Terms and Conditions, together with the Registration Policy, the
.eu Dispute Resolution Rules, the Sunrise Rules (if applicable) and the
Regulations, lay down the rights and obligations of the Registry, the
Registrar and the Registrant with respect to any application or request for
registration of a Domain Name, the registration itself and any renewals
thereof, including any and all issues in relation to such Domain Name.

SECTION 1. ELIGIBILITY REQUIREMENTS

Only natural persons, companies or organisations meeting the General
Eligibility Criteria, shall be eligible to register a Domain Name.

SECTION 2. FIRST COME, FIRST SERVED PRINCIPLE;
AVAILABILITY AND TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS; BLOCKED AND
RESERVED NAMES

1. Unless provided for otherwise in the Rules, the Registry shall register
Domain Names on a first come, first served basis, in accordance with
the terms and conditions set forth herein.
In this respect, the date and time of receipt by the Registrys systems of a
complete and technically correct electronic request or application for
domain name registration, as set forth in the Registration Guidelines,
shall be the sole reference point.

2. Only the following names can be registered as a Domain Name:

(i) available names. A name is available when:

a. it is not already registered as a Domain Name;

b. it is not reserved, blocked or notified to the Registry as not
registrable in accordance with the Public Policy Rules, unless
provided for otherwise therein;

c. it has not been applied for during the Phased Registration Period,
unless it has been made available by the Registry in accordance with
the Sunrise Rules;

(ii) names that meet the following technical and lexical requirements:

a. are a minimum of 2 characters long before their conversion into the
ACE notation (not including the .eu suffix), are a maximum of 63
characters long after their conversion into the ACE notation (not

including the .eu suffix) and after the conversion of capitals into small
letters;

b. exclusively use characters selected from the list of supported
characters in the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic scripts, as published on the
website of the Registry in the UNICODE representation;

c. contain letters from a single script only in the UNICODE
representation, including digits 0 to 9 and/or a hyphen (-);

d. do not begin or end with a hyphen (-);

e. do not contain a hyphen (-) in the third and fourth positions
simultaneously, unless they begin with the characters xn or also
contain a hyphen in the second position;

f. may not consist exclusively of an alpha-2 country code;

g. may not contain any characters other than the Latin letters A to
Z or a to z, the digits 0 to 9 or the hyphen (-) if they begin
with the characters xn--.

All of the above conditions must be cumulatively met.

SECTION 3. OBLIGATIONS OF THE REGISTRANT

Throughout the Term, the Registrant has the following obligations:

1. as referred to in the Registration Policy, to keep its contact information
accurate, complete and up-to-date, both (i) with the Registrar with whom
the Registrant has entered into an Agreement and (ii) with the Registry
(via the Registrar). Moreover, the Registrant represents and warrants that
any e-mail address communicated to the Registry shall be a functioning
e-mail address;

2. to use the Domain Name in such way that it does not violate any third-
party rights, applicable laws or regulations, including discrimination on the
basis of race, language, sex, religion or political view;

3. not to use the Domain Name (i) in bad faith or (ii) for any unlawful
purpose.

EURID
Part 1
SECTION 4. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE
REGISTRANT

The Registrant represents and warrants that:

1. it meets the General Eligibility Criteria, and it shall inform via its
Registrar the Registry when it ceases to meet such conditions;

2. all information provided to the Registry during the Domain Name
registration process is true, complete and accurate;

3. the request for Domain Name registration is made in good faith, for a
lawful purpose and does not infringe the rights of any third party;

4. the Domain Name is not contrary to public policy or morality (e.g. is not
obscene or offensive) and is not unlawful;

5. throughout the Term, it shall abide by these Terms and Conditions and
any and all applicable Rules.

SECTION 5. FEES AND PAYMENT

1. The applicable fees charged by the Registry to the Registrars for the
registration, renewal, transfer and reactivation of Domain Names may be
consulted on the Website of the Registry.

2. Payment of any fees due, for which the Registrant is solely liable, must
be made with the Registry via a Registrar. The Registry is not responsible
for any failure on the part of the Registrar in this respect, including where
such failure results in non-registration or deletion of the Domain Name
concerned.

3. The Registry shall only be obliged to accept an application or request
for registering, renewing or transferring a Domain Name if the Registrar
appointed by the Registrant is in credit.

SECTION 6. TERM, RENEWAL AND EXTENSION OF THE TERM OF
THE DOMAIN NAME REGISTRATION

1. The Term of any Domain Name registration shall commence and end
on the dates set forth above in the definition of the Term. Unless
otherwise provided for herein, the Term shall be tacitly renewed (at cost)
for an additional period of one year subject to the provisions set forth in
the definition of Term.

2. The Registrant shall be entitled to terminate the Domain Name
registration in accordance with its agreement with its Registrar. Such
termination shall only take effect if the Registry receives a deletion
request via the Registrar before the end of the Term. If no such request is
received, the Registry shall be entitled to claim the applicable renewal fee
for the renewed Term in accordance with the procedure set out in Section
9 of the Registration Policy.

3. The Registry is under no obligation to inform the Registrant in advance
when the Term is about to expire.

4. The Registry shall be entitled to immediately suspend or cancel the
Domain Name when the Registrant is in breach of the Rules.

SECTION 7. TRANSFER OF A DOMAIN NAME

1. Subject to Section 8 below, the Registrant has the right to transfer the
Domain Name to a new Registrant and/or to another accredited Registrar
in accordance with the procedure set forth in Section 10 of the
Registration Policy, provided the following conditions are cumulatively
met:

1) where the Domain Name is transferred to a new Registrant, such
new Registrant has confirmed that it satisfies the General Eligibility
Criteria; and

2) the Registrar is in credit for the payment of the applicable fees.

By following such procedure, the involved Registrars and Registrants
acknowledge and warrant the validity of the transfer of the Domain Name.

2. A Domain Name that is blocked cannot be transferred other than by a
decision taken by

a. a panel in an ADR Procedure; or

b. a court of a Member State.

3. During the Term, a Domain Name can be transferred at any time to the
legal heirs of the Registrant (further to the death of the Registrant) or to
the purchaser of the Registrants assets (in case the Registrant becomes
subject to a proceeding referred to in the Public Policy Rules) following
submission of appropriate documentation and provided that the legal
heirs or the purchaser fulfil the eligibility requirements as set out in
Section 1 hereof. Such transfer shall occur in accordance with the
procedure set out in Section 10 of the Registration Policy.

EURID
Part 1
4. If the Registrar fails to provide the Registrant with the unique
authorisation code in accordance with Section 10 of the Registration
Policy, the Registrant may request the authorisation code directly from
the Registry, provided that the Registrant can demonstrate it has
undertaken all efforts to obtain the authorisation code from the Registrar
and that the Registrar had not provided it. In such case, after receipt of
the request from the Registrant and upon examination of the information
received from the Registrant, the Registry may decide to grant the
authorisation code directly to the Registrant.

5. In no event shall the Registry be liable for processing a transfer of a
Domain Name. The (current and/or new) Registrar and the (current
and/or new) Registrant shall be jointly, fully and solely liable for ensuring
that each request for a transfer of a Domain Name is appropriately
documented and filed by an authorised person.

6. For the avoidance of doubt, in case of a transfer in accordance with
Section 10.3 of the Registration Policy, the Term of the Domain Name
shall remain unchanged.

SECTION 8. SUSPENDED, BLOCKED AND REVOKED DOMAIN
NAMES; REGISTRY LOCK

1. The Registry shall suspend any Domain Name:

(i) for forty (40) days if and to the extent the Registry has received a
deletion request from the Registrar as set forth in Section 6.2 hereof.
The 40 days suspension period shall start on (a) the date mentioned in
the deletion request or (b) the date on which the deletion request was
made in case the date mentioned in the deletion request is prior to such
date, or no date was mentioned in the deletion request.

(ii) for which the Registry has requested the Registrant to replace its
Registrar in accordance with Section 10.1 of the Registration Policy.

In the above cases, the Domain Name cannot be used. The Registry
shall show the suspended status of those Domain Names in its WHOIS
Database.

2. During the period of suspension referred to in paragraph 1(i) above

(i) the Registrant may request to reactivate or transfer the suspended
Domain Name in accordance with Section 11 of the Registration Policy.
The Registry shall only reactivate a suspended Domain Name referred
to in paragraph 1(i) upon receipt by the Registry of a request by the
Registrar appointed by the Registrant to re-activate the Domain Name

and if the Registrar is in credit for the payment of the applicable
reactivation fees.

(ii) the heirs of the Registrant (in the case of the death of the
Registrant) or the relevant administrator (in case the Registrant
becomes subject to a proceeding referred to in Article 19(2) of the
Public Policy Rules) may request to register the suspended Domain
Name in the name of the heirs of the Registrant or the purchaser of the
Registrants assets, in accordance with the procedure laid down in the
Registration Policy.

If, during the period of suspension referred to in paragraph 1(i) above, the
Domain Name is not reactivated or registered by the heirs of the
Registrant (in the case of the death of the Registrant) or by the relevant
administrator (in case the Registrant becomes subject to a proceeding
referred to in Article 19(2) of the Public Policy Rules), the Registry shall
make the Domain Name automatically available for general registration
immediately after 40 days of suspension.

3. The Registry shall block any Domain Name:

a. that is considered by a court of a Member State to be defamatory,
racist or contrary to public policy upon notification of the courts
decision as referred to in Article 18 of the Public Policy Rules. Upon
notification of a final court order, the Domain Name shall be revoked
and blocked from future registration as long as the relevant court order
remains valid.

b. where the Registry is informed that an ADR Procedure or legal
proceeding is pending, until such proceedings are terminated and the
relevant decision has been notified to the Registry; in this case, (a) the
Domain Name cannot be transferred to a new Registrant and/or to
another accredited Registrar, and (b) the Registrant cannot change its
contact information with respect to the blocked Domain Name.

c. where it has notified the Registrant and/or the Registrar in
accordance with Section 12.2 of the Registration Policy.

4. The Registry shall revoke any Domain Name following a decision to
that effect of a panel in an ADR Procedure or court order.

5. The Registry may revoke the registration of a Domain Name on its own
initiative and without submitting the dispute to any non-judicial settlement
of conflicts, exclusively on the following grounds:

(i) outstanding unpaid debts owed to the Registry; or

(ii) non-fulfilment by the Registrant of the General Eligibility Criteria; or
EURID
Part 1
(iii) breach of the Rules by the Registrant

subject to compliance with the procedure laid down in Section 12 of the

6. At any time, the Registrar may request the Registry to activate the
Registry Lock service for a Domain Name. The Registry Lock service
means the service provided by the Registry to protect the Domain Name
against accidental changes, transfers or deletions by locking the Domain
Name. During the time the Registry Lock service is active for a specific
Domain Name, that Domain Name cannot be cancelled, updated or
transferred to a new Registrant, nor to another Registrar.

SECTION 9 . RIGHTS GRANTED

1. Upon registration of a Domain Name, the Registrant obtains a limited,
transferable, renewable, exclusive right to use the Domain Name for the
Term unless otherwise provided for in the Rules. No other rights can be
claimed by the Registrant except for those included herein.

2. The Registrant shall not be entitled to exercise any right of withdrawal
following receipt by the Registry of an application or request for
registration of a Domain Name.

SECTION 10. COMMUNICATION BETWEEN THE REGISTRY AND
THE REGISTRANT

1. Any official communication between the Registry and the Registrant
shall be effected by e-mail:

(i) if to the Registry: info@eurid.eu;

(ii) if to the Registrant: the contact e-mail address communicated to the
Registry via the Registrar and made available in the WHOIS Database.

2. Any communication between the Registry and the Registrant shall be
in one of the official languages of the European Union.

SECTION 11. PRIVACY AND DATA PROTECTION

1. Processing of personal data

By registering a Domain Name and accepting the Terms and Conditions,
the Registrant authorises the Registry to process personal and other data
required to operate the ".eu" Domain Name system. The Registry must

only use the data for operating the system (which will include attribution
of the Domain Name, transfer of a Domain Name to a new Registrant,
transfer of one Domain Name or a portfolio of Domain Names to a new
Registrar) and can only transfer the data to third parties:

(i) after the unambiguous consent of the Registrant

(ii) if ordered to do so by a public authority, carrying out its legitimate
tasks,

(iii) upon demand of the ADR Providers mentioned in Section 15 of this
document or

(iv) as provided in Section 11.3.2 of this document.
The Registrant has the right to access its personal data and to arrange
for it to be amended where errors exist.

2. Information collected for internal use The following personal data will
be collected for the internal use of the Registry (unless where also
available through the WHOIS look-up facility provided for in Section
11.3.1:

(i) full name of the Registrant;

(ii) technical contact name;

(iii) postal address;

(iv) e-mail address;

(v) telephone number;

(vi) fax number (optional);

(vii) language for ADR proceedings, as referred to in Paragraph 3(a) of
the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules.

3. WHOIS look-up facility

3.1. Information published in the WHOIS

By going to the Website of the Registry and typing in the Domain Name
in the WHOIS look-up facility, information about that Domain Name and
the Registrant can be accessed in accordance with the rules set out
below.

(i) When the Registrant is a legal person or another form of
organisation
EURID
Part 1

The Registry generally publishes the following information in its
WHOIS:

a. name, address and telephone and fax number of the Registrant;

b. technical contact person;

c. e-mail address of Registrant;

d. language for the ADR proceedings, as referred to in Paragraph
3(a) of the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules;

e. technical data (such as status of the Domain Name or the name
servers).

(ii) When the Registrant is a natural person

Where the Registrant is a private individual (natural person) the
Registrant contact information published is restricted to the email
address unless the Registrant requests otherwise, and to the language
selected for the ADR proceedings as referred to in Paragraph 3(a) of
the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules.

Natural persons who apply for a .eu Domain Name will be explicitly
informed by their Registrars of the possibility to create and use a
specific functional e-mail address for publication in the WHOIS as an
alternative to the use of their personal e-mail address.

All other information collected will only be kept for internal use and will
not be disclosed to third parties unless in accordance with this section.

3.2 Disclosure of personal data

Third parties may have legitimate reasons to request the disclosure of
personal data of natural persons not published in the WHOIS, but
processed by the Registry for its internal use in accordance with Section
1.2 of the WHOIS Policy.

The third party must individually request the disclosure of these data by
filing an application form made available on the Website of the Registry
and:

(i) state and substantiate the legitimate reasons for the request;

(ii) read and agree to a disclaimer which requires the third party not to
use the information made available for other purposes than those
justified by the abovementioned legitimate reasons;

(iii) disclose its full name and address (including e-mail address,
telephone and fax number, and the company number if the third party is
a legal person).

The third party asking for access to the data would only be granted
access to the requested data if it fulfils all requirements or if the Registry
is ordered by a judicial authority within the European Community to grant
such access.

SECTION 12. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

1. The Registry shall not be liable for any loss, including direct or indirect
loss, consequential loss and loss of profits, whether contractual, based
on tort (including negligence) or otherwise arising, resulting from or
related to registration or use of a Domain Name or to use of its software
or Website of the Registry, even if it has been advised of the possibility of
such loss, including but not limited to:

(i) registration or renewal of (or the failure to register or renew) a
Domain Name in favour of a Registrant or a third party due to an error
concerning their identity;

(ii) termination of the Registrys authority to register domain names in
the .eu Top Level Domain;

(iii) rights that third parties might claim to a Domain Name,

(iv) technical problems or faults;

(v) acts or omissions of a Registrar regarding the application or request
for registration, registration or renewal of a Domain Name that may
result in non-registration or deletion of such Domain Name;

except in cases where the Registrys wilful misconduct is proved.

In any case, the Registrys liability for damages shall be limited to the
amount of the registration fee that applies at the time the dispute is raised
with the Registry. The Registrant agrees that no greater or other
damages may be claimed from the Registry.

2. The Registrant shall be liable for any costs, expenses or damages
incurred by the Registry for any breach of these Terms and Conditions by
the Registrant. Furthermore, the Registrant shall hold the Registry
harmless from claims filed or disputes initiated by third parties, and shall
compensate the Registry for any costs or expenses incurred or damages
it may suffer through third parties taking action against it on the grounds
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Part 1
that the application for, the registration or the use of the Domain Name by
the Registrant infringe the rights of said third parties.

3. For the purposes of this Section, the term Registry shall also refer to
its members, subcontractors and their respective directors and
employees.

SECTION 13. AMENDMENTS

1. These Terms and Conditions and the Registration Policy are subject to
changes as described in this Section.

2. If the Registry decides to change these Terms and Conditions and/or
the Registration Policy, it will make the new terms available to the public
by posting them on the Website of the Registry at least thirty (30) days
before the new terms are enforced (and upon their taking effect on the
announced date, said new terms shall become the Terms and Conditions
and/or the Registration Policy). Each Domain Name registration will be
handled according to the Rules in effect on the date the application or
request for a Domain Name registration is complete.

3. By way of exception to the provision set out in Section 13.2 hereof, the
Registry may dispense with the aforementioned minimum period of thirty
(30) days. Such modifications will take effect at the time they are
announced on the Website of the Registry. The Registry may only make
use of this specific procedure provided the relevant modifications seem to
be justified within the relevant national or international technical context
and provided they are intended to prevent Domain Name registrations of
a speculative or abusive nature.

4. At no time will the Registry have any obligation to personally inform
Registrants that these Terms and Conditions and/or the Registration
Policy are to be or have been modified, even if their previously rejected
application or applications for Domain Name registration would otherwise
be allowed under the modified Terms and Conditions and/or the

SECTION 14. APPLICABLE LAW AND JURISDICTION

These Terms and Conditions and any relation between the Registry and
the Registrant hereunder are subject to Belgian law. In the event of any
dispute, disagreement or claim between the Registry and the Registrant,
the courts in Brussels (Belgium) shall have exclusive jurisdiction except
for the cases referred to in Section 15 hereof.

SECTION 15. ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION (ADR)

1. The Registrant accepts that ADR Procedures must be conducted
before one of the providers listed at the Website of the Registry.

2. The Registrant must participate in ADR Procedures if a third party (a
Complainant), in compliance with the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules,
asserts to an ADR Provider and initiates a complaint against the
Registrant on the basis of speculative or abusive registration, as referred
to in Articles 21 and 22(1)(a) of the Public Policy Rules. Furthermore, the
Registrant or a third party shall be entitled to initiate an ADR Procedure in
accordance with the procedures laid down in the Rules if it is of the view
that a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with the Regulations.

3. Unless otherwise agreed by the parties to an ADR Procedure or
otherwise specified in the agreement between the Registrant and its
Registrar, the language of the ADR Procedure shall be the language of
that agreement. Any ADR Procedure initiated against the Registry shall
be conducted in the English language.

4. All disputes covered by this section will be governed by the .eu Dispute
Resolution Rules applicable upon filing of the complaint and the selected
ADR Providers rules of procedure, as published on the Website of the
Registry.

5. The remedies available to a Complainant under any proceedings
before an arbitrator (or panel of arbitrators) appointed by an ADR
Provider are strictly limited to:

(i) annulment of the challenged Registry decision, in case the
ADR Procedure is initiated on the basis of Article 22(1)(b) of
the Public Policy Rules; and

(ii) revocation or transfer of the Domain Name in case the ADR
procedure is initiated on the basis of Article 22(1)(a) of the
Public Policy Rules.

Part 2

Registration Policy

EURID
Part 2
.eu Domain Name Registration Policy

v.5.0

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Definitions

Object and Scope

Section 1. The registrant must determine whether it meets the General
Eligibility Criteria

Section 2. Choosing a Name Availability and Technical Requirements

Section 3. Selecting a Registrar

Section 4. Reading the Rules

Section 5. Providing Accurate and Complete Contact Information

Section 6. Registering a Domain Name

Section 7. WHOIS Database

Section 8. Procedure for amending Contact Information

Section 9. Procedure for the Renewal, Deletion or Extension of the term
of a Domain Name

Section 10. Procedure for Transfer

Section 11. Suspension of Domain Names and Procedure for
Reactivation

Section 12. Procedure for the Revocation of Domain Names

ANNEX 1 Who

DEFINITIONS

All terms used herein with a capital letter are defined in the Terms and
Conditions and/or the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules available on
http://www.eurid.eu.

OBJECT AND SCOPE

This Registration Policy sets out the technical and administrative
procedures used by the Registry as regards the Domain Name
registrations, or requests for such registrations including deletion,
transfer, suspension, revocation etc of these Domain Names.

The terms and conditions of this Registration Policy apply only to Domain
Name registrations, or requests for such registrations, as referred to in
Article 2, fourth paragraph, of the Public Policy Rules, i.e. Domain Names
registered directly under the .eu TLD.

This Registration Policy does not apply to names registered at all lower
levels over which the Registry has no authority as these levels are
managed exclusively by the Registrant.

SECTION 1. THE REGISTRANT MUST DETERMINE WHETHER IT
MEETS THE GENERAL ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

In this first step the Registrant must verify whether it meets the General
Eligibility Criteria, whereby it must be:

(i) an undertaking having its registered office, central administration or
principal place of business within the European Community, or

(ii) an organisation established within the European Community without
prejudice to the application of national law, or

(iii) a natural person resident within the European Community.

The countries and territories that are part of the European Community are
listed in Annex 1 hereto.

If the Registrant does not meet one of the above eligibility criteria, there is
no entitlement to register a Domain Name under the .eu TLD.

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Part 2
If the Registrant files a request for a Domain Name registration and is
unable to meet, or no longer meets, the above conditions, the Registry is
entitled to reject the request or to revoke the Domain Name concerned at
any time in accordance with Sections 6.4 and 8.4 of the Terms and
Conditions.

SECTION 2. CHOOSING A NAME AVAILABILITY AND TECHNICAL
REQUIREMENTS

The Registrant must, prior to filing a Domain Name registration request,
verify whether the requested Domain Name meets the availability and
technical requirements set forth in Section 2.2 of the Terms and
Conditions. In this respect, the Registrant must take the following steps:

(i) check whether the Domain Name requested meets the technical
requirements set out in Section 2.2 (ii) of the Terms and Conditions;

(ii) check in the .eu WHOIS Database (available on the Website of the
Registry) whether the Domain Name is available; Domain Names
contained in the lists of blocked or suspended names (published on the
Website of the Registry) are not (yet) available for Registration; and

(iii) check if there are applications pending for the Domain Name in the
.eu Sunrise WHOIS Database available on the Website of the Registry. A
Domain Name applied for during the Phased Registration Period shall not
be available for general registration until the Registry has decided to
make that Domain Name available according to the Sunrise Rules.

SECTION 3. SELECTING A REGISTRAR

Domain Names can only be registered and registrations may only be
renewed with the Registry through a Registrar who acts on behalf of the
Registrant.

Therefore, in order to file a request for registration of a Domain Name,
the Registrant should select a Registrar accredited by the Registry from
the list available on the Website of the Registry.

SECTION 4. READING THE RULES

When filing a request to register a Domain Name, the Registrant enters
into an agreement with the Registry, the terms and conditions of which
are contained in the Rules. Thenceforth, the Registrant will be bound
exclusively by these Rules, which may be subject to change at any time
in accordance with the procedures laid down herein.
It is the Registrars responsibility to provide the Registrant with the
applicable Rules prior to filing its request for Domain Name registration.
The Terms and Conditions and all other Rules that currently apply are
available on the Website of the Registry.

Please note that the Registry is entitled to revoke a Domain Name at its
own initiative in the event that the Registrant is in breach of the Rules.

SECTION 5. PROVIDING ACCURATE AND COMPLETE CONTACT
INFORMATION

A request for registration of a Domain Name will only be considered
complete when, through a Registrar, the Registrant provides the Registry
with at least the following information:

(i) the full name of the Registrant; where no name of a company or
organisation is specified, the individual requesting registration of the
Domain Name will be considered the Registrant; if the name of the
company or the organisation is specified, then the company or
organisation is considered the Registrant;

(ii) address and country within the European Community

a. where the registered office, central administration or principal
place of business of the undertaking of the Registrant is located
or
b. where the organisation of the Registrant is established or
c. where the Registrant resides;

(iii) e-mail address of the Registrant (or its representative);

(iv) the telephone number where the Registrant (or its representative) can
be contacted;

(v) the requested Domain Name;

(vi) the language for the ADR proceedings, as referred to in Paragraph
3(a) of the .eu Dispute Resolution Rules, being the language of the
registration agreement between Registrant and Registrar in accordance
with article 22(4) of the Public Policy Rules.

The Registrant is under an obligation to keep the above information
complete and accurate at all times throughout the Term of registration
(see Section 8 hereof concerning the amendment of contact information).
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Part 2
The Registry is entitled to reject a request for Domain Name registration
or to revoke a Domain Name for which the Registrant has provided
incomplete or inaccurate information.

The Registry is entitled to request further information from the Registrant
(both directly or via the Registrants Registrar), for instance in the context
of a Domain Name application made during the Phased Registration
Period.

The Registrant must undertake to supply a functioning email address in
order to receive (see (iii) before) possible communications from the
Registry and/or the ADR Provider. If the address provided to the Registry
is not a functioning e-mail address, the Registry is entitled to cancel the
request for Domain Name registration or even revoke the Domain Name
in accordance with the procedure referred to in Section 12 hereof.

The information must be that of the Registrant and must not be that of the
Registrar, proxy or representative of a person or entity that does not meet
the General Eligibility Criteria.

SECTION 6. REGISTERING A DOMAIN NAME

Domain Names can only be applied for and registered with the Registry
through a Registrar accredited by the Registry. It is likely that the
Registrar will charge a fee for such service. It is not possible to file a
request for Domain Name registration directly with the Registry.

Provided the Registrant has supplied all the necessary information to the
Registrar and fulfilled all and any other relevant obligations, it is the
responsibility of the Registrar to enter such information directly into the
systems of the Registry according to the technical procedures
established by the Registry and provided to the Registrar.

If the requested Domain Name is still available, the information is
complete and the Registrar account is in credit, the Domain Name will be
automatically registered for a (renewable) Term as described in and
subject to the provisions set forth in the Terms and Conditions.

Please note: it is not possible to correct a spelling mistake in the Domain
Name itself: registering the correct Domain Name is the only solution to
the aforementioned issue.

SECTION 7. WHOIS DATABASE

1. Introduction

The Public Policy Rules require the Registry to provide a WHOIS look-up
facility where, by typing in a .eu Domain Name, information about the
administrative and the technical contact administering the Domain Name
can be found.

When a Domain Name is registered, the information relating to that
Domain Name is available in a WHOIS database in compliance with the
rules set out in the WHOIS Policy. The collected information includes
Registrant contact information, the Registrars name and details of the
name servers to which the Registry delegates authority for the Domain
Name.

By going to the Website of the Registry and typing in the Domain Name
in the WHOIS look-up facility, information about that Domain Name and
the Registrant can be accessed in accordance with the rules set out
below.

When registering a Domain Name, the Registrant is required to accept
the Registrys Terms and Conditions which authorises the Registry to
make some personal data accessible on its website, along with some
other technical data, in order to guarantee the transparency of the
Domain Name system towards the public.

2. Purpose

As set forth in the first paragraph of Article 16 of the Public Policy Rules,
the purpose of the WHOIS database is to provide reasonably accurate
and up to date information about the technical and administrative points
of contact administering the Domain Names under the .eu TLD.

3. Preventing misuse of WHOIS data

WHOIS data can be accessed through a purely textual command or by
use of a web-based facility. The textual WHOIS look-up facility only
contains technical information, which does not specifically relate to the
Registrant.

In order to prevent misuse of personal data available in the web-based
WHOIS look-up facility the Registry may take appropriate measures,
including but not limited to:

(i) using a captcha code;
(ii) rendering text as images;
(iii) limiting the fields shown;
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Part 2
(iv) limiting search mechanisms; or
(v) enforcing access limits.

All those who submit a query to the WHOIS database will first be required
to read and agree to the WHOIS legal statement and terms and
conditions which will inform the user that:

a. the WHOIS services are provided for information purposes only
b. by submitting a query the user agrees not to use the information to:

1. allow, enable or otherwise support the transmission of unsolicited,
commercial advertising or other solicitations whether via email or
otherwise;
2. target advertising in any possible way;
3. cause nuisance to the Registrant in any way by sending messages to
them.

To prevent data mining using the textual command method, the
Registry may enforce look-up restrictions.

4. Internet Accessibility

For the web-based facility there will be special accessibility provisions to
make sure that visually impaired people have equal access to the WHOIS
information.

SECTION 8. PROCEDURE FOR AMENDING CONTACT
INFORMATION

If the contact information of the Registrant changes, the Registrant must
ask the Registrar(s) to amend this information with the Registry within
one (1) month following such change. It is not possible to file such a
request directly with the Registry.

SECTION 9. PROCEDURE FOR THE RENEWAL, DELETION OR
EXTENSION OF THE TERM OF A DOMAIN NAME

In principle and subject to the provisions set forth in the Terms and
Conditions, the Term of a registered Domain Name is automatically
renewed for consecutive one (1) year periods.

The Registrant is entitled to cancel a Domain Name registration by filing a
request with its Registrar; the Registrar is the only entity that may file a
deletion request with the Registry. It is not possible for a Registrant to file
a deletion request directly with the Registry.
The procedures used by Registrars for the renewal, deletion or extension
of the Term of Domain Names may vary. Therefore, EURid recommends
that the Registrant read carefully the terms and conditions established by
the selected Registrar. In some cases, the Registrar will cancel, renew or
extend the Term of a Domain Name if certain conditions are met.

IMPORTANT REMARK

If the Registrant does not intend to renew the Domain Name upon expiry
of the Term, it is important that the Registrar is informed thereof in due
time and always in accordance with the agreement between the Registrar
and the Registrant. If the expiry date of the Domain Name registration
passes, the Registry will automatically invoice the Registrar for a new
one-year Term. In such a case, it is likely that the Registrar will charge
this renewal fee to the Registrant.

Every Registrar has its own invoicing terms and conditions. Some
Registrars expect the Registrant to pay the invoice before their Domain
Name expires, so that they know whether the registration should be
renewed or not. Please note that the Registry will not intervene in any
dispute between a Registrar and its customers.

SECTION 10. PROCEDURE FOR TRANSFER

10.1 Transfer of a domain name to another accredited registrar

Subject to Section 8 of the Terms and Conditions, the Registrant has the
right to transfer the Domain Name to another Registrar in accordance
with the procedure set forth below.

Upon request from the Registrant to transfer the Domain Name to
another accredited Registrar, the current Registrar shall request a unique
authorisation code for such transfer from the Registry. Following the
provision by the Registry of such authorisation code to the Registrar, the
authorisation code will be provided subsequently (i) by the Registrar to
the Registrant, (ii) by the Registrant to the new Registrar and (iii) by the
new Registrar to the Registry via the appropriate transaction.

The Registry shall execute the transfer after the receipt by the Registry of
the authorisation code in accordance with (iii) above.

By following the above procedure, the involved Registrars and Registrant
acknowledge and warrant the validity of the transfer of the Domain Name
to the new accredited Registrar.

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Part 2
If the agreement between the Registry and the Registrar appointed by the
Registrant is terminated and that Registrar has not transferred the
Domain Name portfolio to another Registrar, the Registry will notify the
Registrant thereof. The Registrant must select a new Registrar before the
end of the Term. At the end of the Term, the Domain Name will be
suspended.

10.2 Transfer of a domain name to a new registrant

Subject to Section 8 of the Terms and Conditions, the Registrant has the
right to transfer the Domain Name to another Registrant in accordance
with the procedure set forth below.

Upon request from the Registrant to transfer the Domain Name to a new
Registrant, the current Registrar shall request a unique authorisation
code for such transfer from the Registry. Following the provision by the
Registry of such authorisation code to the Registrar, the authorisation
code will be provided subsequently (i) by the Registrar to the transferring
Registrant, (ii) by the transferring Registrant to the new Registrant, (iii) by
the new Registrant to the (current or new) Registrar and (iv) by the
(current or new) Registrar to the Registry via the appropriate transaction.

The Registry shall execute the transfer after the receipt by the Registry of
the authorisation code in accordance with (iv) above.

By following this procedure, all involved Registrars and Registrants
to the new Registrant.

If, during the Term, the Registrant ceases to exist, becomes subject to
insolvency proceedings, winding-up, cessation of trading, bankruptcy or
the similar, the legal heirs or the legally appointed administrator may
request the transfer of the Domain Name in accordance with Section 7 of
the Terms and Conditions.

10.3 Update of information

If a Registrant wishes to transfer the Domain Name to a new Registrant,
and on the condition that the Registrar does not change pursuant to such
transfer, the Registrar has the right (in addition to the procedure set out in
Section 10.2 above) to update the Registrant's information of such
Domain Name to that of the new Registrant. For the avoidance of doubt,
no authorisation code shall be required for such update.

By following this procedure, the involved Registrar and Registrants
to the new Registrant.

SECTION 11. SUSPENSION OF DOMAIN NAMES AND PROCEDURE
FOR REACTIVATION

1. If the Registry receives a deletion request from the Registrar according
to Section 6.2 of the Terms and Conditions and Section 9 hereof, it will
immediately suspend the Domain Name in question for a period of forty
(40) calendar days following (i) the date mentioned in the deletion request
or (ii) the date on which the deletion request was made in case the date
mentioned in the deletion request is prior to such date or no date was
mentioned in the deletion request.

Within this forty-day period,

(i) the Registrant may request its Registrar to reactivate the suspended
Domain Name and the Registrar shall inform the Registry of such
request.

The reactivation of a Domain Name in principle does not change the
registration date or the registration anniversary date, but adds another
year to the Term, subject to the provisions set forth in the Terms and
Conditions.

(ii) the Registrant may request the transfer of the Domain Name (implicitly
reactivating the Domain Name).

Furthermore, during the aforementioned suspension period, the executor
of the estate of the Registrant or the legal heirs (in the case of the death
of the Registrant) or the legally appointed administrator (in the case of the
winding-up of the Registrant) may, notwithstanding suspension of the
Domain Name, apply to transfer the name via a Registrar at the time of
submitting the appropriate documentation as referred to in Section 10.

If no reactivation or transfer takes place as referred to above within the
stated forty-day period or if the Registry does not receive the relevant
fees, it shall make the Domain Name in question available for general
registration. No reimbursement shall be made of fees paid for the initial
Domain Name registration (or renewals thereof).

2. If the Registry suspends a Domain Name upon termination of the
agreement between the Registry and the Registrar, the procedure
provided for in Section 11.1 hereof shall apply.

SECTION 12. PROCEDURE FOR THE REVOCATION OF DOMAIN
NAMES

1. The Registry may revoke a Domain Name at its own discretion
exclusively on the following grounds:
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Part 2
(i) outstanding unpaid debts owed by the Registrar to the Registry;
(ii) the Registrants not or no longer fulfilling the General Eligibility Criteria
provided under Article 4(2)(b) of the .eu Regulation;
(iii) breach of the Rules by the Registrant.

2. At least fourteen (14) days before revoking the Domain Name, the
Registry shall notify by e-mail the Registrant and/or the Registrar through
whom the Domain Name has been registered, affording the Registrant
and/or the Registrar the opportunity to remedy, where possible, the
aforementioned grounds for revocation.

If the aforementioned grounds for revocation are not remedied within the
timeframe referred to above, the Registry shall be entitled to revoke the
Domain Name.

3. As of the moment the Registry has notified the Registrant and/or the
Registrar in accordance with Section 12.2, it may suspend the concerned
Domain Name(s). Domain Names that have been suspended in
accordance with this Section 12.3 cannot be transferred nor re-activated.

ANNEX 1- WHO MAY REGISTER A .EU DOMAIN NAME?

Note:
Residency and NOT nationality is a criterion for the registration of
.eu Domain Names.

Countries/territories forming part
of the EU
Countries/territories NOT
forming part of the EU
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Cyprus, Southern Greek part of (under
the control of the Republic of Cyprus)
Northern Turkish part of Cyprus
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Faroe Islands
Greenland
Estonia
Finland
land Islands

France
Guadaloupe
French Guiana
Martinique
Runion
French Polynesia
Territory of the French Southern and
Antarctic Lands
Mayotte
New Caledonia and Dependencies
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Wallis and Futuna Islands
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Italy
Ireland
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxemburg
Malta
Poland
Portugal
The Azores
Madeira
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Canary Islands
Ceuta
Melilla

Sweden
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Part 2
The Netherlands
Aruba
Netherlands Antilles:
Bonaire
Curaao
Saba
Sint Eustatius
Sint Maarten
United Kingdom
Gibraltar
Anguilla
Bermuda
British Antarctic Territory
British Indian Ocean territory
British Virgin Islands
Cayman Islands
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Guernsey
Isle of Man
Jersey
Montserrat
Pitcairn
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan
da Cunha
South Georgia and the South
Sandwich Islands
Turks and Caicos Islands
Andorra
Iceland
Liechtenstein
Monaco
Norway
San Marino
Switzerland
Turkey
Vatican City


IV. ARBITRATION CENTER (WWW.ADR.EU)

Part 1

ADR Rules

ADR
Part 1
ADR.eu - .eu Alternative Dispute Resolution
.eu Alternative Dispute Resolution Rules
(the "ADR Rules")

A GENERAL

1 Definitions

2 Communications and Periods of Time

3 Language of Proceedings

4 Settlement or Other Grounds for Termination

5 Court Proceedings

6 Fees

B CONDUCT OF THE PROCEEDINGS

1 The Complaint

2 Notification of Complaint

3 The Response

4 Appointment of the Panel and Timing of Decision

5 Impartiality and Independence

6 Transmission of the File to the Panel

7 General Powers of the Panel

8 Further Statements

9 In-Person Hearings

10 Default

11 Basis for Decision

12 Decision-Making and Form of Decisions

13 Communication of Decision to Parties

14 Implementation of Decision

C CONCLUDING PROVISIONS

1 Exclusion of Liability

2 Amendments

3 Effective Date
ADR
Part 1
Alternative dispute resolution proceedings for the resolution of disputes
under Paragraph 22(1)(a) and (b) of Commission Regulation (EC) No
874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy rules concerning the
implementation and functions of the .eu Top Level Domain and principles
governing registration shall be governed by these ADR Rules and the
Supplemental ADR Rules of the Provider administering the ADR
Proceedings, as far as available and posted on its web site. The
interpretation and application of these ADR Rules will be done in the light
of the EU legal framework which will prevail in case of conflict.

A GENERAL

1 Definitions

In these ADR Rules:

ADR means an alternative dispute resolution.

ADR Proceeding is a proceeding initiated in accordance with the
Procedural Rules.

Complaint means the document including all annexes prepared by the
Complainant to initiate a cause of action under the ADR Proceeding.

Complainant means the Party initiating a Complaint concerning a .eu
domain name registration or requesting to change the language of the
ADR Proceeding.

Date of Commencement of an ADR Proceeding means a date on
which all the following conditions are fulfilled:

(a) an administratively compliant Complaint has been properly filed with
the Provider; and

(b) the appropriate fee for the ADR Proceeding is paid.

Domain Name Holder means a legal or natural person who holds an
activated registration of a .eu domain name.

European Union Regulations refer to Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 of
the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 April 2002 on the
implementation of the .eu Top Level Domain
1
and Commission
Regulation (EC) No 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy

1
1 O.J L 113 of 30.04.2002, page 1.

Domain and principles governing registration
2
and any further regulation
that would replace, amend or complete such rules and principles.

Registry means the entity entrusted by the European Commission with
the organization, administration and management of the .eu designated
in accordance with the procedure established in Article 3 of Regulation
(EC) No 733/2002.

Mutual Jurisdiction means a court jurisdiction at the location of either

(a) the principal office of the Registrar (provided the Respondent has
submitted in its Registration Agreement to that jurisdiction for court
adjudication of disputes concerning or arising from the use of the domain
name, and provided that the court thus designated is located within the
European Union) or

(b) the Respondent's address as shown for the registration of the domain
name in the Registrys Whois database at the time the Complaint is
submitted to the Provider or as received from the Registry by the
Complainant if such information is not available in the Registrys Whois
database or
(c) the principal office of the Registry in case of ADR Proceedings against
the Registry
3
.

Panel means an ADR panel appointed by a Provider to decide a
Complaint concerning a .eu domain name registration.

Panellist means an individual appointed by a Provider to be a member of
a Panel.

Party means a Complainant or a Respondent; Parties means both of
them.

Procedural Rules means these ADR Rules, Providers Supplemental
ADR Rules and European Union Regulations. In case of conflict between
any of these rules, the European Union Regulations take precedence.

Provider means a dispute resolution service provider selected by the
Registry.

Registrar means an entity with which the Respondent has registered a
domain name that is the subject of a Complaint.

Registration Agreement means the agreement between a Registrar and
a domain name holder.

2
2 O.J. L 162 of 30.04.2004, page 40.
3
3 O.J. L 12 of 16.01.2001, page 1
ADR
Part 1
Registration Policy means the .eu Domain Name Registration Policy
issued by the Registry.

Respondent means the holder of a .eu domain name registration (or the
holders legal heirs or the Registry in case of an ADR Proceeding against
the Registry) in respect of which a Complaint and/or a request to change
the language of the ADR Proceeding is initiated.

Response means the document including all annexes filed by the
Respondent responding to the allegations set forth in the Complaint in
accordance with these ADR Rules and the Supplemental ADR Rules.

Sunrise Appeal Period means a 40 day period during which a
Complaint against the Registrys decision to register a domain name
within the Sunrise period can be filed as specified in the Sunrise Rules.

Sunrise Rules means the .eu Registration Policy and the Terms and
Conditions for Domain Name Applications made during the Phased
Registration Period issued by the Registry.

Supplemental ADR Rules means the rules adopted by the Provider
administering ADR Proceedings to supplement these ADR Rules.

Terms and Conditions mean the .eu Domain Name Registration Terms
and Conditions issued by the Registry.

Time of Filing means a point in time when the following conditions are
fulfilled:

(a) a Complaint or a request to change the language of the ADR
Proceeding has been properly filed with the Provider; and

(b) the appropriate fee for the ADR Proceeding is received by the
Provider.

Working days mean all days falling between Monday and Friday other
than those which are public holidays in the country or the state where the
Provider or either of the Parties, as the case may be, is subject to an
obligation to adhere to a period of time as specified under these ADR
Rules.

2 Communications and Periods of Time

(a) When forwarding a Complaint to the Respondent, it shall be the
Provider's responsibility to employ reasonably available means calculated
to achieve actual notice to the Respondent.

(b) The Provider shall discharge its obligation to achieve actual notice by
(i) sending the Complaint or a notice with information how to access the
Complaint (e.g. for the purposes of an on-line platform operated by the
Provider) to the Respondent employing the means stipulated in (c) below
to the address which the Registry has communicated to the Provider for
the registered domain name holder or to the Registrys seat in case of a
Complaint against the Registry's decision; and (ii) in case the
Respondent does not confirm receiving the electronic communication
made pursuant to (i) above within five (5) days from sending the
communication, by forwarding the above mentioned notice with
information how to access the Complaint by registered postal or courier
service, postage pre-paid and return receipt requested, to the
address(es) specified in (i) above.

(c) Unless specified otherwise in these ADR Rules, any written
communication to the Complainant, the Respondent or the Provider
provided for under these ADR Rules, shall be made by the preferred
means stated by the Complainant or Respondent, respectively, or in the
absence of such specification:

(1) electronically via the Internet, provided a record of its transmission
is available; or

(2) by telecopy or facsimile transmission, with a confirmation of
transmission; or

(3) by registered postal or courier service, postage pre-paid and return
receipt requested.

(d) Either Party may update its contact details by notifying the Provider
and the Registry.

(e) Except as otherwise provided in these ADR Rules, all
communications provided for under these ADR Rules shall be deemed to
have been received, in accordance with this provision:

(1) if via the Internet, on the date that the communication was
transmitted, provided that the date of transmission is verifiable; or

(2) if delivered by facsimile transmission, on the date shown on the
confirmation of transmission; or

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(3) if by registered postal or courier service, on the date marked on the
receipt, or, if it is not possible to deliver the communication in this way,
on the expiry of twelve (12) days from the handing over of the
communication to a postal or courier service provider.

(f) It shall be the responsibility of the sender to retain records of the fact
and circumstances of delivery, which shall be available for inspection by
the Provider and for reporting purposes.

(g) A system log of data messages of the Provider shall be considered as
valid records in the absence of any evidence of malfunction of the
Providers system.

(h) Except as otherwise provided in these ADR Rules, all time periods
calculated under these ADR Rules begin on the earliest date that the
communication is deemed to have been made in accordance with
Paragraph A2(e).

(i) At the request of a Party filed before the expiration of the relevant
period(s) of time, the Provider and, after its appointment, the Panel, may
in its sole discretion - extend the periods of time laid down in these
ADR Rules which are applicable to the Parties in exceptional
circumstances or upon agreement by both Parties. The Provider and,
after its appointment, the Panel, shall decide on any such limited period
of extension.

(j) No Party or anyone acting on its behalf may engage in any unilateral
communication with the Panel. All communications between a Party, on
the one hand, and the Panel or the Provider on the other shall be made
to a case administrator appointed by the Provider by the means and in
the manner prescribed in the Provider's Supplemental ADR Rules.

(k) Any communication in an ADR Proceeding initiated by

(1) a Panel to a Party shall be made through the Provider;

(2) a Party shall be made through the Provider;

(3) the Provider to any Party or by a Party on after the Date of
Commencement of an ADR Proceeding shall be copied by the Provider
to the other Party and the Panel.

(l) In the event a Party sending a communication receives notification of
non-delivery of the communication, the Party shall promptly notify the
Provider of the circumstances of the notification.

3 Language of Proceedings

(a) The language of the ADR Proceedings must be one of the official EU
languages. Unless otherwise agreed by the Parties, or specified
otherwise in the Registration Agreement, the language of the ADR
Proceeding shall be the language of the Registration Agreement for the
disputed domain name. In the absence of an agreement between the
Parties, the Panel may in its sole discretion, having regard to the
circumstances of the ADR Proceeding, decide on the written request of a
Complainant, filed before initiating a Complaint, that the language of the
ADR Proceeding will be different than the language of the Registration
Agreement for the disputed domain name.

(b) The procedure related to the request of a change of the language of
the ADR Proceeding shall be as follows:

(1) The request shall be submitted to the Provider and shall:

(i) specify the information under Paragraphs B1 (b)(2), (b)(3), (b)(5),
(b)(6), and (b)(7) of the ADR Rules;

(ii) specify the requested change of the language of ADR Proceeding;

(iii) specify the circumstances that would justify such a change of the
language of an ADR Proceeding;

(iv) conclude with the statement under B1(b)(15) of the ADR Rules.

(2) The Provider will acknowledge receiving the request from the
Complainant, subject to the receipt of the fees due hereunder, and, if
applicable, shall notify the Registry of the Time of Filing in accordance
with B1(e) of the ADR Rules, having the same consequences as under
B1(e) of the ADR Rules.

(3) The Provider shall notify the Respondent of the request to change
the language of the AD Proceeding within five (5) days following receipt
of the fees payable hereunder.

(4) The Respondent shall have a right to submit a response to the
Provider within twelve (12) days of the date of notification of the request
to change the language of the ADR Proceeding.

(5) The Provider will acknowledge receiving the response from the
Respondent and will appoint a single Panel to decide the request.
Paragraph B5 applies accordingly.

(6) The Panel shall issue a decision whether or not to allow the
requested change of the language of the ADR Proceeding within twelve
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(12) days from the date of its appointment. The Panels decision shall
be final and not subject to appeal. The decision shall be communicated
to the Parties without delay.

(7) In case the Complainant files the Complaint within thirty (30)
Working days from receiving the decision under (b)(6) above, the Time
of Filing of the request to change the language of the ADR Proceeding
shall apply with respect to the Complaint, provided the appropriate fee
is paid.

(c) All documents including communications made as part of the ADR
Proceeding shall be made in the language of the ADR Proceeding or in
different requested language if the Complainant proves in his submission
that the Respondent has adequate knowledge of such different language.
Notwithstanding anything mentioned above, the Panel may request the
translation of any documents submitted in other languages than the
language of the ADR Proceeding. The Panel may disregard documents
submitted in other languages than the language of the ADR Proceeding
without requesting their translation. Any communication by the Provider
which, from its content, cannot be regarded as amounting to procedural
documents (such as cover letters with which the Provider sends
procedural documents or automatic system notifications generated by the
Providers application) shall be made in the language of the ADR
Proceeding or in English.

(d) The Provider and, after its constitution, the Panel by itself or upon the
request of a Party, may order that any documents submitted in languages
other than the language of the ADR Proceeding be accompanied by a
translation in whole or in part into the language of the ADR Proceeding.

4 Settlement or Other Grounds for Termination

(a) The ADR Proceeding will be understood to be concluded once the
Panel has received confirmation from both Parties that an agreement has
been entered into by the Parties concerning the object of the dispute.

(b) If the Parties wish to negotiate a settlement, the Complainant may
request that the Provider or, after its constitution, the Panel suspend the
ADR Proceeding for a limited period. The suspension period may be
extended by the Panel upon the Complainants request. Any such
suspension shall be without prejudice to the obligation of the Panel to
forward its decision on the Complaint to the Provider within the time
period specified in Paragraph B12(b) below. Resumption of the ADR
Proceeding shall take place automatically upon receipt of a request
thereto from either the Respondent or the Complainant or upon the
expiration of such limited and specified time period.

(c) The Panel shall terminate the ADR Proceeding if it becomes aware
that the dispute that is the subject of the Complaint has been finally
decided by a court of competent jurisdiction or an alternative dispute
resolution body.

(d) The Panel shall suspend ADR Proceeding(s) pursuant to Paragraphs
B1(f) , B2(e) and B3(d) below.

5 Court Proceedings

The conduct of the ADR Proceeding shall not be prejudiced by any court
proceeding, subject to Paragraph A4(c) above.

6 Fees

(a) The Complainant shall pay to the Provider an initial fixed fee, in
accordance with the Supplemental ADR Rules. Until the Provider has
received this initial fee, it is not obliged to take any action on the
Complaint. If the Provider has not received the fee within ten (10) days of
the date of notification of unpaid fees, the Complaint shall be deemed
withdrawn and the ADR Proceeding cancelled.

(b) A Complainant initiating a request to change the language of the ADR
Proceeding under Section A3 above or initiating a challenge to the
withdrawal of Complaint due to its administrative deficiency under
Paragraph B2(c) below shall pay to the Provider separate fees in
accordance with the Supplemental ADR Rules. If the Provider has not
received the fee within five (5) days of the date of notification of unpaid
fees, the request shall be deemed as withdrawn.

(c) A Respondent electing under Paragraph B3(b)(4) to have the dispute
decided by a three-member Panel, rather than single-member Panel
elected by the Complainant, shall pay the Provider an additional fee
specified in the Supplemental ADR Rules. In all other cases, the
Complainant shall bear all of the Provider's fees.

(d) In exceptional circumstances, for example in the event an in-person
hearing is held, the Provider shall request the Party or the Parties
requesting such event respectively to pay additional fees, which, after its
constitution, shall be established in consultation with the Panel before
scheduling any such hearing.

(e) Subject to Paragraph B1(f) below, the fees paid are not reimbursable.

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1 The Complaint

(a) Any person or entity may initiate an ADR Proceeding by submitting a
Complaint in accordance with the Procedural Rules to any Provider. A
Complaint may be filed:

(1) against a Domain Name Holder in respect of which domain name
the Complaint is initiated; or

(2) against the Registry.

For the avoidance of doubt, until the domain name in respect of which the
Complaint is initiated has been registered and activated, a party can
initiate an ADR Proceeding only against the Registry.

(b) The Complaint shall:

(1) Request that the Complaint be submitted for a decision in an ADR
Proceeding in accordance with the Procedural Rules;

(2) Provide the name, postal and e-mail addresses, and the telephone
and fax numbers of the Complainant and of any representative
authorized to act for the Complainant in the ADR Proceeding;

(3) Specify a preferred method for communication directed to the
Complainant in the ADR Proceeding (including the person to be
contacted, means of communication, and address information);

(4) Designate whether the Complainant elects to have the dispute
decided by a single-member or a three-member Panel and, in the event
the Complainant elects a three-member Panel, provide the names of
three candidates to serve as one of the Panellists (these candidates
may be drawn from the list of panellists of the Provider dealing with the
proceedings); to the maximum extent practicable, such candidates
should not have been involved in the past three (3) years in any prior
ADR Proceeding where the Complainant was a Party;

(5) Provide the name of the Respondent and, in case of an ADR
Proceeding against a Domain Name Holder provide all information
(including any postal and e-mail addresses and telephone and fax
numbers) known to the Complainant on how to contact the Respondent
or any representative of the Respondent, including contact information
based on pre-Complaint dealings, in sufficient detail to allow the
Provider to send the Complaint to the Respondent as described in
Paragraph A2(a);

(6) Specify the domain name(s) that is/are the subject of the Complaint;

(7) Identify the Registrar(s) with whom the domain name(s) is/are
registered at the time the Complaint is filed (not applicable for
Complaints filed against the decision(s) of the Registry before the
registration of the disputed domain name);

(8) In case the Complaint is filed against the decision(s) of the Registry,
identify the disputed Registry decision(s) and whether or not the
disputed decision deals with the registration of a domain name within
the Sunrise Period.

(9) Specify the names in respect of which a right is recognized or
established by the national law of a Member State and/or Community
law. For each such name, describe exactly the type of right(s) claimed,
specify the law or law(s) as well as the conditions under which the right
is recognized and/or established.

(10) Describe, in accordance with these ADR Rules, the grounds on
which the Complaint is made including, in particular,

(i) In case of an ADR Proceeding against the Domain Name Holder in
respect of which domain name the Complaint is initiated:

A. why the domain name is identical or confusingly similar to the
name or names in respect of which a right or rights are recognized
or established by national and/or Community law (as specified and
described in accordance with Paragraph B 1 (b) (9)); and, either

B. why the domain name has been registered by its holder without
rights or legitimate interests in respect of the domain name that is
the subject of the Complaint; or

C. why the domain name should be considered as having been
registered or being used in bad faith.

(ii) In case of an ADR Proceeding against the Registry, the reasons
why a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with European Union
Regulations.

(11) Specify, in accordance with these ADR Rules, the remedies
sought (see Paragraph B11 (b) and (c) below);

(12) If the Complainant requests transfer of the domain name, provide
evidence that the Complainant satisfies the general eligibility criteria for
registration set out in Paragraph 4(2)(b) of Regulation (EC) No
733/2002;

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(13) Identify any other legal proceedings that have been commenced or
terminated in connection with or relating to any of the domain name(s)
that is/are the subject of the Complaint;

(14) State that the Complainant will submit, with respect to any
challenges to a decision in the ADR Proceeding revoking or transferring
the domain name, to the jurisdiction of the courts in at least one
specified Mutual Jurisdiction in accordance with Paragraph A1;

(15) Conclude with the following statement followed by the signature of
the Complainant or its authorized representative; in case of electronic
filing the signature must comply with requirements of the Providers on-
line platform:

"Complainant warrants that all information provided hereunder is
complete and accurate. Complainant agrees with the processing of his
personal data by the Provider to the extent necessary for the due
performance of the Providers responsibilities hereunder.
Complainant also agrees with the publication of the full decision
(including personal details contained in the decision) issued in the ADR
Proceeding initiated by this Complaint in the language of the ADR
Proceeding and in an unofficial English translation secured by the
Provider.

Complainant further agrees that its claims and remedies concerning the
registration of the domain name, the dispute, or the dispute's resolution
shall be solely against the domain name holder and hereby waives any
and all claims and remedies against

(i) the Provider, as well as its directors, officers, employees, advisors
and agents, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing;

(ii) Panellists, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing;

(iii) the Registrar, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing; and

(iv) the Registry, as well as its directors, officers, employees,
advisors, and agents, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing;"

(16) Annex any documentary or other evidence, including any evidence
concerning the rights upon which the Complaint relies, together with a
schedule indexing such evidence.

(17) Include any forms prescribed in the Supplemental ADR Rules and
comply with any formal requirements contained in the Supplemental
ADR Rules, including any word limit.

(c) The Complaint may relate to more than one domain name, provided
that the Parties and the language of the ADR Proceedings are the same.

(d) The Provider will acknowledge receiving the Complaint from the
Complainant, subject to the receipt of the fees due above.

(e) As soon as practicable after the Time of Filing, but in any event not
later than five (5) days from the date of Time of Filing and before notifying
the Respondent pursuant to Article B2 below, the Provider shall inform
the Registry of the identity of the Complainant and the domain name(s)
involved. Upon receiving information from the Provider, the Registry shall
block the disputed domain name pursuant to eu Domain Name
Registration Terms and Conditions.

(f) Any ADR Proceeding(s) against a Domain Name Holder with a later
Time of Filing with respect to the same domain name(s) shall be
suspended pending the outcome of the ADR Proceeding initiated by the
Complaint with the earliest Time of Filing. If in such ADR Proceeding the
Panel decides to grant the Complainant the remedies requested, all
suspended ADR Proceedings will be terminated and any fees paid shall
be reimbursed. If in the ADR Proceeding the Panel rejects the Complaint,
the Provider shall activate the Complaint next in time to the Time of
Filing. The Provider shall notify the respective Complainant(s) of the
termination, activation, or continued suspension of their Complaint(s) in
writing within five (5) days from the date the Panel decision related to the
prior Complaint is issued.

(g) In case an ADR Proceeding is initiated against the Registry with a
later Time of Filing than another ADR Proceeding against the Registry
with respect to the same decision taken by the Registry, the ADR
Proceeding against the Registry with a later Time of Filing shall be
terminated and any fees paid shall be reimbursed.

(h) Nothing mentioned in Paragraph 15, (i) to (iv) above, prevents the
Complainant from initiating an ADR Proceeding against the Registry
where a decision taken by the Registry conflicts with European Union
Regulations.

(i) In case of an ADR Proceeding against the Registry, any request of a
Complainant for documents or other information related to the Registry
decision challenged in the ADR Proceeding must be made directly to the
Registry in accordance with the Registration Policy.

2 Notification of Complaint

(a) The Provider shall review the Complaint for administrative compliance
with the Procedural Rules and with Regulation (EC) No 733/2002 and, if
in compliance, shall forward the Complaint (together with the explanatory
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cover sheet prescribed by the Provider's Supplemental ADR Rules) to the
Respondent, in the manner prescribed by Paragraphs A2(a) and A2(b),
within five (5) Working days following receipt of the fees to be paid by the
Complainant in accordance with Paragraph A6.

(b) If the Provider finds the Complaint not to be in administrative
compliance with the Procedural Rules, it shall promptly notify the
Complainant of the nature of the deficiencies identified. If the deficiencies
are capable of being corrected, the Complainant shall have seven (7)
days within which to correct any such deficiencies and submit an
amended Complaint, after which, if not corrected, the Provider shall
inform the Complainant that the ADR Proceeding is deemed to be
withdrawn due to administrative deficiency and without prejudice to
submission of a different Complaint by the Complainant.

(c) A Complainant can challenge the withdrawal of its Complaint due to
administrative deficiency pursuant to Paragraph B2(b) above. The
procedure related to such a challenge shall be as follows:

(1) The request shall be submitted to the Provider within 5 days from
receiving the information about the withdrawal and shall:

(i) specify the information under Paragraphs B1 (b)(2), B1 (b)(6) and
B1 (b)(8) (if applicable) of the ADR Rules;

(ii) specify the requested cancellation of the withdrawal of the
Complaint due to administrative deficiency;

(iii) specify the reasons of the requested cancellation;

(iv) conclude with the statement under B1(b)(15) of the ADR Rules.

(2) The Provider will acknowledge receiving the request from the
Complainant, subject to the receipt of the fees due pursuant to
Paragraph A6(a) above and will appoint a single Panel to decide the
request. Paragraph B5 applies accordingly.

(3) The Panel shall issue a decision whether or not to allow the
requested challenge within twelve (12) days from the date of its
appointment. The Panels decision shall be final and not subject to
appeal. The decision shall be communicated to the Complainant
without delay.

(d) The Provider shall immediately notify the Complainant, the
Respondent, and the Registry of the Date of Commencement of an ADR
Proceeding.

(e) The Provider shall suspend the ADR Proceeding until the procedures
specified in Paragraphs B2(b) and B2(c) above are completed.

3 The Response

(a) Within thirty (30) Working days of the date of delivery of the Complaint
in accordance with Paragraph A2(b), the Respondent shall submit a
Response to the Provider.

(b) The Response shall:

(1) Provide the name, postal and e-mail addresses, and the telephone
and fax numbers of the Respondent and of any representative
authorized to act for the Respondent in the ADR Proceeding;

(2) Specify a preferred method for communication directed to the
Respondent in the ADR Proceeding (including person to be contacted,
medium, and address information);

(3) If the Complainant has elected a single-member Panel in the
Complaint (see Paragraph B1(b)(3)), state whether the Respondent
elects instead to have the dispute decided by a three-member Panel;

(4) If either Complainant or Respondent elects a three-member Panel,
provide the names and contact details of three candidates to serve as
one of the Panellists (these candidates may be drawn from any
Provider's list of panellists; to the maximum extent practicable, such
candidates should not have been involved in the past three (3) years in
any prior ADR Proceeding where the Respondent was a Party;

(5) Identify any other legal proceedings that have been commenced or
terminated in connection with or relating to any of the domain name(s)
that is/are the subject of the Complaint;

(6) Describe, in accordance with these ADR Rules, the grounds on
which the Response is made.

(7) Conclude with the following statement followed by the signature of
the Respondent or its authorized representative; in case of electronic
filing the signature must comply with requirements of the Providers on-
line platform:

"Respondent warrants that all information provided hereunder is
complete and accurate.

Respondent agrees with the processing of his personal data by the
Provider to the extent necessary for the due performance of the
Providers responsibilities hereunder.
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Respondent also agrees with the publication of the full decision
(including personal data contained in the decision) issued in this ADR
Proceeding in the language of the ADR Proceeding and in an unofficial
English translation secured by the Provider.

Respondent hereby waives any and all claims and remedies related to
the current ADR Proceeding against

(i) the Provider as well as its directors, officers, employees, advisors
and agents, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing;

(ii) Panellists, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing,

(iii) the Registrar, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing and

(iv) the Registry, as well as its directors, officers, employees, and
agents, except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing."

(8) Attach any documentary or other evidence, including any evidence
concerning the rights upon which the Respondent relies, together with
a schedule indexing such evidence.

(9) Include any forms prescribed in the Supplemental ADR Rules and
comply with any formal requirements contained in the Supplemental
ADR Rules, including any word limit.

(c) If the Complainant has elected to have the dispute decided by a
single-member Panel and the Respondent elects a three-member Panel,
the Respondent shall be required to pay a fee in accordance with
Paragraph A6(b). This payment shall be made together with the
submission of the Response to the Provider. In the event that the
required payment is not made, the dispute shall be decided by a single-
member Panel.

(d) The Provider shall confirm receipt of the Response to the
Respondent. If the Provider finds the Response not to be in
administrative compliance with the Procedural Rules, it shall promptly
notify the Respondent of the nature of the deficiencies identified. If the
deficiencies are capable of being remedied, the Respondent shall have
seven (7) days within which to correct any such deficiencies and submit
an amended Response, after which the Response shall be deemed not
submitted by the Respondent. The Provider shall suspend the ADR
Proceeding until either of the two actions happens first: (i) it receives the
amended Response or (ii) the time period mentioned in this Paragraph
expires.

(e) The Provider shall forward the administratively compliant Response to
the Complainant without delay.


(f) If a Respondent does not submit a Response or submits solely an
administratively deficient Response, the Provider shall notify the Parties
of Respondents default. The Provider shall send to the Panel for its
information and to the Complainant the administratively deficient
Response submitted by the Respondent.

(g) The Respondent can challenge the Providers notification of the
Respondents default in a written submission to the Provider filed within
five (5) days from receiving the notification of Respondents default. The
Provider shall acknowledge receiving the Respondents challenge and
shall forward the Respondents challenge to the Panel within three (3)
days from its receipt. The Respondents challenge shall be considered by
the Panel in its sole discretion as part of its decision making. If the Panel
confirms that the Response is administratively deficient, the Panel may
decide the dispute based upon the Complaint only.

(h) Nothing mentioned in Paragraph 7, (i) to (iv) above, prevents the
Respondent from initiating an ADR Proceeding against a decision taken
by the Registry which conflicts with European Union Regulations.

4 Appointment of the Panel and Timing of Decision

(a) The panellists shall be selected in accordance to the internal
procedures of the Providers. They shall have appropriate expertise and
shall be selected in an objective, transparent and non-discriminatory
manner. Each Provider shall maintain and publish a publicly available list
of panellists and their qualifications.

(b) If neither the Complainant nor the Respondent has elected a three-
member Panel (Paragraphs B1(b)(3) and B3(b)(4)), the Provider shall
appoint a single Panellist from its list of panellists.

(c) Unless it has already elected a three-member Panel, the Complainant
shall submit to the Provider, within five (5) days of communication of a
Response in which the Respondent elects a three-member Panel, the
names and contact details of three candidates to serve as one of the
Panellists. These candidates may be drawn from any Provider's list of
panellists; to the maximum extent practicable, such candidates should
not have been involved in the last three (3) years in any prior ADR
Proceeding where the Complainant was a Party.

(d) In the event that either the Complainant or the Respondent elects a
three-member Panel, the Provider shall appoint one Panellist from the list
of candidates submitted by the Complainant, one Panellist from the list of
candidates submitted by the Respondent, and one Panellist from its list of
panellists. If either Party does not duly submit its list of candidates, the
Provider shall appoint an additional Panellist from its list of Panellists.
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(e) Once the entire Panel is appointed, the Provider shall notify the
Parties of the identity of the Panellists appointed and the date by which,
absent exceptional circumstances, the Panel shall forward its decision on
the Complaint to the Provider.

5 Impartiality and Independence

(a) The Panellists shall have no personal or economic interests in the
results of the dispute, and they undertake to resolve the dispute under
the principles of good faith, fairness and due diligence. The Panellists
shall maintain the confidential character of the information disclosed to
them during the ADR Proceedings.

(b) A Panellist shall be impartial and independent and shall have, before
accepting appointment, disclosed to the Provider any circumstances
giving rise to justifiable doubt as to the Panellists impartiality or
independence. If, at any stage during the ADR Proceeding, new
circumstances arise that could give rise to justifiable doubt as to the
impartiality or independence of a Panellist, that Panellist shall promptly
disclose such circumstances to the Provider. In such event, the Provider
shall have the sole discretion to appoint a substitute Panellist.

(c) Apart from the above, the Parties can also challenge the appointment
of a Panellist. The Party that challenges a Panellist should explain to the
Provider his reasons for the challenge. The challenge shall be filed within
two (2) days from receiving the notice of the subject Panellists
appointment, or after having become aware of the circumstances giving
rise to justifiable doubt in regard to the impartiality or independence of the
Panellist.

(d) When a Panellist has been challenged by one Party, the other Party
and/or the challenged Panellist will be entitled to submit a response. This
right will be exercised within two (2) days after receiving the
communication to which the previous Paragraph refers.

(e) The Provider will decide on the challenge, and its decision will be final
and not subject to appeal.

6 Transmission of the File to the Panel

The Provider shall forward the file to the Panel as soon as the Panellist is
appointed in the case of a Panel consisting of a single member, or as
soon as the last Panellist is appointed in the case of a three-member
Panel.

7 General Powers of the Panel

(a) The Panel shall conduct the ADR Proceeding in such manner as it
considers appropriate in accordance with the Procedural Rules. The
Panel is not obliged, but is permitted in its sole discretion, to conduct its
own investigations on the circumstances of the case.

(b) In all cases, the Panel shall ensure that the Parties are treated fairly
and with equality.

(c) The Panel shall ensure that the ADR Proceeding takes place with due
expedition.

(d) The Panel shall determine in its sole discretion the admissibility,
relevance, materiality and weight of the evidence.

8 Further Statements

In addition to the Complaint and the Response, the Panel may request or
admit, in its sole discretion, further statements or documents from either
of the Parties.


There shall be no in-person hearings (including hearings by
teleconference, videoconference, and web conference). The decision will
be handled based on documents or other types of written evidence
unless the Panel determines, in its sole discretion and as a matter of
exceptional circumstances, that such a hearing is necessary for rendering
a decision on the Complaint.

10 Default

(a) In the event that a Party does not comply with any of the time periods
established by these ADR Rules or the Panel, the Panel shall proceed to
a decision on the Complaint and may consider this failure to comply as
grounds to accept the claims of the other Party.

(b) Unless provided differently in these ADR Rules, if a Party does not
comply with any provision of, or requirement under, these ADR Rules, the
Supplemental ADR Rules or any request from the Panel, the Panel shall
draw such inferences therefrom as it considers appropriate.

11 Basis for Decision

(a) A Panel shall decide a Complaint on the basis of the statements and
documents submitted and in accordance with the Procedural Rules.

ADR
Part 1
(b) The remedies available pursuant to an ADR Proceeding where the
Respondent is the Domain Name Holder in respect of which domain
name the Complaint was initiated shall be limited to the revocation of the
disputed domain name(s) or, if the Complainant satisfies the general
eligibility criteria for registration set out in Paragraph 4(2)(b) of Regulation
(EC) No 733/2002, the transfer of the disputed domain name(s) to the
Complainant.

(c) The main remedy available pursuant to an ADR Proceeding where the
Respondent is the Registry shall be the annulment of the disputed
decision taken by the Registry. The Panel may decide in appropriate
cases pursuant to the Procedural Rules, Registration Policy, Sunrise
Rules and/or the Terms and Conditions that the domain name in question
shall be transferred, revoked or attributed. However, with regard to any
Registry decision relating to a prior right invoked during the phased
registration period such measures of transfer and attribution will only be
granted by the Panel if the Complainant is the next applicant in the queue
for the domain name concerned and subject to the decision by the
Registry that the Complainant satisfies all registration criteria set out in
the European Union Regulations and to the subsequent activation by the
Registry of the domain name in the name of the Complainant who is the
next applicant in the queue.

(d) The Panel shall issue a decision granting the remedies requested
under the Procedural Rules in the event that the Complainant proves

(1) in ADR Proceedings where the Respondent is the holder of a .eu
domain name registration in respect of which the Complaint was
initiated that

(i) The domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a name in
respect of which a right is recognized or established by the national
law of a Member State and/or Community law and; either

(ii) The domain name has been registered by the Respondent without
rights or legitimate interest in the name; or

(iii) The domain name has been registered or is being used in bad
faith.

(2) in ADR Proceedings where the Respondent is the Registry that the
decision taken by the Registry conflicts with the European Union
Regulations.

(e) Any of the following circumstances, in particular but without limitation,
if found by the Panel to be proved based on its evaluation of all evidence
presented, shall demonstrate the Respondents rights or legitimate
interests to the domain name for purposes of Paragraph B11(d)(1)(ii):

(1) prior to any notice of the dispute, the Respondent has used the
domain name or a name corresponding to the domain name in
connection with the offering of goods or services or has made
demonstrable preparation to do so;
(2) the Respondent, being an undertaking, organization or natural
person, has been commonly known by the domain name, even in the
absence of a right recognized or established by national and/or
Community law;

(3) the Respondent is making a legitimate and non-commercial or fair
use of the domain name, without intent to mislead consumers or harm
the reputation of a name in which a right is recognized or established
by national law and/or Community law.

(f) For purposes of Paragraph B11(d)(1)(iii), the following circumstances,
in particular but without limitation, if found by the Panel to be present,
may be evidence of the registration or use of a domain name in bad faith:

(1) circumstances indicating that the domain name was registered or
acquired primarily for the purpose of selling, renting, or otherwise
transferring the domain name to the holder of a name, in respect of
which a right is recognized or established by national and/or
Community law, or to a public body; or

(2) the domain name has been registered in order to prevent the holder
of such a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established
by national and/or Community law, or a public body, from reflecting this
name in a corresponding domain name, provided that:

(i) the Respondent has engaged in a pattern of such conduct; or

(ii) the domain name has not been used in a relevant way for at least
two years from the date of registration; or

(iii) there are circumstances where, at the time the ADR Proceeding
was initiated, the Respondent has declared its intention to use the
domain name, in respect of which a right is recognized or established
by national and/or Community law or which corresponds to the name
of a public body, in a relevant way but failed to do so within six
months of the day on which the ADR Proceeding was initiated;

(3) the domain name was registered primarily for the purpose of
disrupting the professional activities of a competitor; or

(4) the domain name was intentionally used to attract Internet users, for
commercial gain to the Respondents website or other on-line location,
by creating a likelihood of confusion with a name on which a right is
recognized or established, by national and/or Community law, or it is a
ADR
Part 1
name of a public body, such likelihood arising as to the source,
sponsorship, affiliation or endorsement of the website or location or of a
product or service on the website or location of
the Respondent; or

(5) the domain name is a personal name for which no demonstrable
link exists between the Respondent and the domain name registered.

12 Decision-Making and Form of Decisions

(a) The decisions of the Panellists will be final, not subject to appeal, and
compulsory for the Parties, without detriment to the right of the Parties to
initiate a court proceeding in a Mutual Jurisdiction which will have
consequences to the implementation of the decision as described in the
Terms and Conditions.

(b) The Panel shall forward its decision on the Complaint to the Provider
within one month of the Providers receipt of administratively compliant
Response or the lapse of the time period for its submission.

(c) In the case of a three-member Panel, the Panel's decision shall be
made by simple majority.

(d) The Panel's decision shall be in writing, provide the reasons on which
it is based, indicate the date on which it was rendered and identify the
name(s) of the Panellist(s). If the Panel decides that the disputed domain
name be revoked or transferred to the Complainant, it shall state that the
decision shall be implemented by the Registry within thirty (30) days after
the notification of the decision to the Parties, unless the Respondent
initiates court proceedings in a Mutual Jurisdiction (see Paragraphs
B12(a) and B14).

(e) Panel decisions shall comply with formal requirements set forth in the
Provider's Supplemental ADR Rules.

(f) If the Panel concludes that the dispute is not within the scope of the
Regulation (EC) No 874/2004, it shall so state.

(g) If the Complainant has

(1) proved that the domain name is identical or confusingly similar to a
name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by a
Member States national law and/or Community law or to a name of a
public body; and

(2) failed to prove the Respondents lack of rights and legitimate
interests, as specified in Paragraph B11(d)(1)(ii) of these ADR Rules;
and

(3) relied on Paragraph B11(f)(2)(iii) of these ADR Rules to prove bad
faith; and

(4) failed to prove bad faith on any other grounds;

the Panel shall issue an interim decision setting out its findings on issues
(1) to (4) above and shall suspend the proceedings until a date six
months after the Time of Filing. In such an event (and should the
Respondent not submit evidence of relevant use by the postponed date
and the Complainant prove the remaining elements required by
Paragraph B11(f)(2)(iii)), the Panel shall decide whether or not to grant to
the Complainant the requested remedy. Under all other circumstances,
the Panel shall proceed to a decision without reference to Paragraph
B11(f)(2)(iii).

All evidence submitted by the Respondent must be accompanied by a
declaration of completeness and accuracy and be given to the
Complainant. The Complainant shall have a right to submit a response to
the Respondents evidence within fifteen (15) days from receiving the
evidence.

(h) If after considering the submissions the Panel finds that the Complaint
was initiated in bad faith, the Panel shall declare in its decision that the
Complaint was brought in bad faith and constitutes an abuse of
administrative proceeding.

(i) Each Panel decision shall contain a brief summary in English in
accordance with guidelines prepared by the Provider.

13 Communication of Decision to Parties

(a) Within three (3) Working days after receiving the final decision from
the Panel, the Provider shall communicate the full text of the decision to
each Party, the concerned Registrar(s) and to the Registry.

(b) The Provider shall publish the full decision on a publicly accessible
web site.

14 Implementation of Decision

The implementation of the decision shall follow the Terms and
Conditions.
ADR
Part 1

1 Exclusion of Liability

Except in the case of deliberate wrongdoing, neither the Provider nor a
Panellist shall be liable to a Party for any act or omission in connection
with any ADR Proceeding under these ADR Rules.

2 Amendments

The version of these ADR Rules in effect at the time of the submission of
the Complaint to the Provider shall apply to the ADR Proceeding
commenced thereby. The Provider may amend these ADR Rules at any
time after receiving the prior written approval of the Registry.

3 Effective Date

These ADR Rules apply to all Complaints filed on or after 1 February
2010.

Arbitration Court attached to the Czech Chamber of Commerce and
Agricultural Chamber of the Czech Republic
Dlouh 13, 110 00 Prague 1, Czech Republic
Tel: +420 222 333 350
Fax: +420 222 333 341
E-mail: info@adr.eu
www: www.adr.eu

2005 Czech Arbitration Court, All rights reserved.


Part 2

ADR Supplemental Rules

ADR
Part 2
ADR.eu - .eu Alternative Dispute Resolution
Supplemental ADR Rules of the Arbitration
Court attached to the Czech Chamber of
Commerce and the Agricultural Chamber of the
Czech Republic

A GENERAL

1 Scope
2 Definitions
3 Fees and Payment Instructions
4 Communication Instructions
5 Time Periods


1 Submission of Complaint
2 Appointment of Case Administrator
3 Submission of Response
4 Panellist Appointment Procedures
5 Declaration
6 Forms
8 Panel Decision
9 Correction of Clerical Mistakes
10 Publication of the Decision
11 Word Limits


1 Amendments
2 Effective date
3 List of Annexes

ANNEX A: FEE SCHEDULE

ANNEX B: LIST OF FORMS


ANNEX C: COMMUNICATION INSTRUCTIONS

A GENERAL

1 Scope

(a) Relationship to ADR Rules and EU legislation. These
Supplemental ADR Rules are to be read and used in connection with the
.eu Dispute Resolution Rules, adopted by the Registry (the "ADR Rules")
and with the Regulations (EC) No 733/2002 and No 874/2004 and with
any other applicable EU legislation. These supplemental rules may not
derogate from either the ADR Rules or the European Union Regulations.

(b) Version of Supplemental Rules. The version of these Supplemental
ADR Rules in effect on the date of the submission of the Complaint shall
apply to the administrative proceeding commenced thereby.

2 Definitions

Provider means the Arbitration Court attached to the Czech Chamber of
Commerce and the Agricultural Chamber of the Czech Republic.

Any other term defined in the ADR Rules shall have the same meaning
when used in these Supplemental ADR Rules.

3 Fees and Payment Instructions

The fees applicable for administrative procedures and obligatory payment
instructions are specified in Annex A hereto and posted on the Providers
website. The Provider may grant discounts on the applicable fees in
justified cases. The conditions for obtaining discounts shall be published
on the Providers website.

4 Communication Instructions

The Parties shall be required to adhere to communication instructions
contained in Annex C hereto.

5 Time Periods

The expiration of any given time period occurs at midnight (24.00) of the
final day of that respective time period. When the last day of a deadline
prescribed by the ADR Rules and/or ADR Supplemental Rules is not a
Working Day, the time period shall be extended automatically to include
the next Working Day following the last day of the deadline.

ADR
Part 2

1 Submission of Complaint

(a) The Complaint must include all elements listed in Paragraph B1(b) of
the ADR Rules.

(b) Complaint Form. In accordance with Paragraph B1(b)(17) of the
ADR Rules, the Complainant shall be required to prepare its Complaint
using the Complaint Form included in the list of Forms contained in
Annex B hereto and posted on the Providers web site.

(c) Number of Copies. When a hard-copy submission is to be made to
the Provider by a Party, it shall be submitted in three (3) copies together
with one (1) original of such submission.

2 Appointment of Case Administrator

(a) Notification. The Provider shall advise the Parties of the name and
contact details of a member of its staff who shall be the Case
Administrator and who shall be responsible for all administrative matters
relating to the dispute and communications to the ADR Panel.

(b) Responsibilities. The Case Administrator may provide administrative
assistance to the Panel or Panellist(s), but shall have no authority to
decide matters of a substantive nature concerning the dispute.

3 Submission of Response

(a) The Response must include all elements listed in Paragraph B3(b) of
the ADR Rules.

(b) Response Form. In accordance with Paragraph B3(b)(9) of the ADR
Rules, the Respondent shall be required to prepare its Response using
the Response Form included in the list of Forms contained in Annex B
hereto and posted on the Providers web site.

4 Panellist Appointment Procedures

(a) Party Candidates. Where a Party is required to submit the names of
three (3) candidates for consideration for appointment by the Provider as
a Panellist (i.e., in accordance with paragraphs B1(b)(4), B3(b)(4) and
B4(c) of the ADR Rules), that Party shall provide the names and contact
details of its three candidates in the order of its preference. In appointing
a Panellist, the Provider shall, subject to availability, respect the order of
preference indicated by a Party.

(b) Presiding Panellist. The Panellist appointed in accordance with
Paragraph B4(d) of the ADR Rules from the Providers list of Panellists
shall be the Presiding Panellist, coordinating the Panel.

(c) Respondent Default. Where the Respondent does not submit a
Response or does not submit the payment provided for in Paragraph
B3(c) of the ADR Rules by the deadline specified by the Provider, the
Provider shall proceed to appoint the Panel.

5 Declaration

In accordance with Paragraph B5 of the ADR Rules, prior to appointment
as a Panellist, a candidate shall be required to submit to the Provider a
Declaration of Independence and Impartiality using the form included in
the list of Forms contained in Annex B hereto and posted on the
Providers web site.

6 Forms

In addition to the Form Complaint in relation to the Complaint (Section
B1(b) above) and Form Response in relation to the Response (Section
B3(b) above) the Parties shall be required to use for their other
communication during the ADR Proceeding form documents set out in
Annex B hereto and posted on the Providers web site.


In case the Panel determines, in its sole discretion, that an in-person
hearing is necessary, the hearing will be carried out by teleconference,
videoconference, or web conference at the CHAT address of the Provider
if both Parties agree with the use of such technology; otherwise, the
hearing will be carried out in-person at the location specified by the
Panel. The Panel will give the Parties seven (7) days notice that the
aforementioned hearing will be held, including the date, time and
electronic place or physical location where it will take place.

8 Panel Decision

The Panel decision will meet the requirements set forth in Article B13 of
the ADR Rules and will comply with all formal requirements contained in
these Supplemental ADR Rules, with the exception of the limit of number
of pages pursuant to Paragraph 11 below where the Panel will exercise
its discretion. A model decision is included in the list of Forms contained
in Annex B hereto and posted in the Providers website.

ADR
Part 2
9 Correction of Clerical Mistakes

Within seven (7) days of receiving the decision, a Party may, by written
notice to the Panel and the other Party, request the Panel to correct in
the decision any errors in computation, any clerical or typographical
errors, or any errors of a similar nature. Any such corrections shall be
given in writing to the Parties and shall become a part of the decision.

The Panel may correct any errors on its own initiative of the type referred
to in the preceding Paragraph within seven (7) days of the date of the
decision being rendered.

10 Publication of the Decision

The Provider shall inform the Parties, the Registry and the concerned
Registrar(s) of the Panels decision. The concerned Registrar(s) shall be
informed of the Panels decision through its publication. The Provider
shall publish the full decision on his website, listing at least the following:

(a) The Domain Name which is in dispute and is the subject of a
Complaint;

(b) The case number;

(c) The Complainant and the Respondent.

The decision shall be published in the language of the ADR Proceeding.
With respect to ADR Proceedings which are not conducted in English, the
Provider shall also publish accompanying unofficial English translations
of selected ADR decisions.

11 Word Limits

Panellists shall exercise reasonable efforts to adhere the following
guidelines as to length of the decisions:

(a) The word limit under Paragraph B1(b)(10) of the ADR Rules shall be
5,000 words.

(b) The word limit under Paragraph B3(b)(6) of the ADR Rules shall be
5,000 words.

(c) The word limit under Paragraph B12(e) of the ADR Rules shall be
5,000 words.


1 Amendments

Subject to the ADR Rules, the Provider may amend these Supplemental
ADR Rules in its sole discretion.

2 Effective date

These Supplemental ADR Rules apply to all cases filed on or after 1
February 2010.

3 List of Annexes

Annex A: Fee Schedule;

Annex B: List of Forms;

Annex C: Communication Instructions

ANNEX A: FEE SCHEDULE
Fees of the Czech Arbitration Court (CAC) for .eu related disputes

Number of
Domain
Names
involved in
the Complaint
Fee for Panellists
CAC's Administrative
Fee
Total Fees
Single
Panellist
Three
Panellists
Single
Panellist
Three
Panellists
Single
Panellist
Three
Panellists
1 to 5 domain
names
900
Presiding Panellist: 1 200
Each Co-Panellist: 600
400 700 1 300 3 100
6 to 10
domain
names
1 100
500 900 1 600 4 000
11 to 20
domain
names
1 300
600 1 100 1 900 4 700
21 to 30
domain
names
1 500
Each Co-Panellist: 1 050
700 1 300 2 200 5 500
31 to 40
domain
names
1 700
800 1 500 2 500 6 300
41 to 50
domain
names
1900
900 1 700 2 800 7 100
51 domain
names or
more
To be decided in consultation with CAC
Request to
change
language
250 250 500
Challenge of
withdrawal of
Complaint
due to
administrativ
e deficiency
250 250 500

The Czech Arbitration Court will grant a substantial discount on ADR
Fees for ADR Proceedings which have been terminated early.
Specifically, when a Complaint is withdrawn in accordance with
Paragraph B2 (b) of the ADR Rules or an ADR Proceeding is terminated
before the Panel has been appointed, the CAC will withhold a processing
fee equal to the CACs share of the total ADR Fees and return the
remainder of the ADR Fees to the respective Parties.

The Czech Arbitration Court will return the ADR Fees applicable for filing
a challenge to the CACs decision to terminate an ADR Proceeding due
to administrative deficiencies, if the Panel decides in favour of the
Complainant.

Explanatory Notes:

(a) All the fees mentioned above are in EUR including VAT on Panellists
fees. The Czech Arbitration Court is not VAT registered.

(b) Fees for multiple domain names are applicable only for ADR
Proceedings in which the same Complainant and the same Respondent
are involved as the Parties and if the same language of ADR Proceeding
is applicable for all the disputed domain names.

(c) CACs Administrative Fee for disputes (a) (f) above is comprised of
(i) a fee to cover administrative costs of the ADR Center; and (ii) a fee to
cover additional costs related to the obligation to administer ADR
Proceedings in all the official languages of the EU.

(d) All the fees are payable before respective filings by bank transfer to
the following account of the Czech Arbitration Court: IBAN CZ11 2700
0000 0035 9413 0024; S.W.I.F.T. code: BACX CZ PP; UniCredit Bank
Czech Republic, a.s., eletavsk 1525/1, 140 92 Praha 4 Michle;
variant symbol: [Case Number]

ADR
Part 2

No Form Note
A
A1 Complaint
A2 Notification of Fees unpaid
A3 Termination due to Fees unpaid
A3_1 Request for EURid Verification
A3_2 Administrative Compliance Checklist - Complaint
A4 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Complaint
A5 Complaint suspension-termination
A6 Notification of Deficiencies in Complaint
A7 Amended Complaint Same as A1
A8 Termination due to defective Complaint
A9
Notification of Complaint and Commencement of ADR
Proceeding

A9_a
Notification of Complaint and Commencement of ADR
Proceeding

A10 Response
A11 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Response
A11_1 Administrative Compliance Checklist - Response
A12 Notification of Deficiencies in Response
A13 Amended Response - refer to A10
A14 Notification of Respondents Default
A15 Challenge of a Notification of Respondent's Default

A16
Acknowledgement of Receipt of the Challenge of
Notification of
Respondent's default

A17
Notification of Complainant to choose Candidates for
Panellists

A18 Selection of Panel Candidates by Complainant
A19
Selection of Panellist + Statement of Acceptance and
Declaration of Impartiality and Independence

A20
Notification of Appointment of Panel and Projected
Decision Date

A21 Challenge of a Panellist
A21_1
Acknowledgement of Receipt of Panellist challenge +
Notification of Challenge to the other Party and
Panellist

A22 Response to Challenge of a Panellist
A23 Decision regarding Challenge of a Panellist
A24 Transmittal of Case File to ADR Panel
A25 Interim Decision
A26 Respondent's additional evidence
A26_1 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Additional Evidence
A27 Response of Complainant to Additional evidence
A28 Decision same as A25
A29
Announcement of Activation of Suspended
Complaints

A30 Notification of Continued suspension
A31 Notification of Termination of suspended Complaint
A32 Account Information
A33 Request to extend Periods of Time
A34
Notification about Request to extend Periods of Time
to the other Party

A35 Decision on Request to extend Periods of Time
ADR
Part 2
A36 Request to negotiate a Settlement
A37
Decision on Suspension due to Settlement
negotiations

A38 Request to activate ADR Proceeding
A39 Announcement of Activation of ADR Proceedings
A40 Non standard communication

No Form Note
B
B1 Request to Change the Language of ADR
B2 Notification of Fees Unpaid.doc
B3 Notification of Termination due to Non-payment
B4 Acknowledgement of Receipt of Request
B4_1 Request for EURid verification
B5
Notification of Request and Commencement of
Language trial

B6 Response to Request
B7 Acknowledgement of Receipt of the Response
B8
Selection of Panellist + Statement of Acceptance and
Declaration of Impartiality and Independence
Same as
A19
B9
Notification of Appointment Panel and Projected
Decision Date
Same as
A20
B10 Challenge of a Panellist
Same as
A21
B10_1
Panellist
Same as
A21_1
B11 Response to Challenge of a Panellist
Same as
A22
B12 Decision regarding Challenge of a Panellist
Same as
A23
B13 Transmittal of Case File to ADR Panel
Same as
A24

B14 Decision related to the requested language trial

No Form Note
C
C1
Challenge of Complaint Termination due to admin.
defic.

C2 Notification of Fees Unpaid
C3 Notification of termination due to Non-payment
C4
Acknowledgement of Receipt of Challenge of
withdrawal

C4_1 Request for EURid verification
Same as
A3_1
C5
Statement of Acceptance and Declaration of
Impartiality and
Independence+ Selection of Panellist
Same as
A19
C6
Notification of Appointment Panel and Projected
Decision Date
Same as
A20
C7 Challenge of a Panel
Same as
A21
C7_1
Panellist
Same as
A21_1
C8 Response to Challenge of a Panellist
Same as
A22
C9 Transmittal of Case File to the Panel
Same as
A24
C10 Decision regarding Challenge of a Panellist
Same as
A23
C11 Decision on administrative withdrawal

ADR
Part 2
ANNEX C: COMMUNICATION INSTRUCTIONS

Unless specified otherwise in the ADR Rules and/or the Supplemental
Rules, any written communication within the ADR Proceedings shall be
made by the preferred means stated by the Complainant or Respondent,
respectively. If such preferred or prescribed form of communication is
electronic form, or in the absence of such specification, any written
communication must be realized via our secured on-line platform
accessible on the Providers website. Should the preferred or prescribed
form of communication be through registered mail or courier service (or
telecopy or fax), all written communication must be in duplicate with one
copy sent via the on-line platform. In this case, the electronic
communication must also be printed and mailed or faxed to the address
of the Arbitration Court attached to the Czech Chamber of Commerce
and the Agricultural Chamber of the Czech Republic.

In order to communicate via our on-line platform, you need to open
and/or obtain your user account and receive a unique login. For these
purposes, please see our Overview/Help information.


V. Overview of CAC Panel views on several
questions of the alternative dispute resolution
for .eu domain name disputes, Czech Arbitration
Court, in collaboration with PROF. DR. THOMAS
HOEREN, Ass. jur. Matthias Frsterling, LL.M. /
Mgr. Tereza Bartokov, August 30, 2012

Czech Arbitration Court

Overview of CAC panel views on several
questions of the alternative dispute resolution
for .eu domain name disputes

Czech Arbitration Court

Dlouha 13, Prague 1, Czech Republic

www.adr.eu

In collaboration with

Institute for Information-, Telecommunication-
and Media Law
Leonardo-Campus 9
48149 Mnster
Prof. Dr. Thomas Hoeren / Ass. jur. Matthias
Frsterling, LL.M. / Mgr. Tereza Bartokov
www.uni-muenster.de/Jura.itm/hoeren/

(Supported by Darja Bler, Janina Brandes, Martin
Gruszczyk, Erik Hohl, Petr Hosta, Bastian
Kaumanns, Daniel Schembecker, Jan Smolka,
Lennart Sydow)

30 August 2012
CAC Overview

Introduction

This guide was created to expose several views of the CAC panels
concerning common questions that arise in the alternative dispute
resolution proceedings for .eu domain disputes according to ADR rules,
ADR supplemental rules and EC Regulation 874/2004. It should give the
parties involved in an ADR proceeding the informal guideline to identify
consensus views and minority opinions among the CAC panels
concerning frequently rising questions.

This overview is intended primarily as an aid and guide. It doesnt make a
claim to capture all kinds of important questions of the ADR proceedings.
Moreover it has to be understood that the ADR proceedings are strongly
influenced by many different legal order systems and many different legal
opinions. Facing this background the guidelines purpose is to give the
parties a first assistance to find their own argumentation concerning .eu
domain disputes.

Therefore, contents of the manual are issues according to the procedure
of the ADR, the relevant rights of the complainants, the legitimate rights
and interests of respondents, identity or confusing similarity of domain
name registrations and bad faith registrations.
Relevant rules

Regulation (EC) No. 733/2002 of the European Parliament and of the
Council of 22 April 2002 on the implementation of the .eu Top Level
Domain

Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004 of 28 April 2004 laying down public policy
Domain and principles governing registration (hereinafter referred to as
PPR)

Amendments to Regulation (EC) No. 874/2004:

Regulation (EC) No 1654/2005



Procedural Rules:

ADR Rules

ADR Supplemental Rules

CAC Overview
Terms used

Consensus view: describes view that all or almost all panels who
mentioned the issue in a decision agreed on.

Majority view: describes view that more than half panels who mentioned
the issue in a decision agreed on.

Minority view: describes view that less than half panels who mentioned
the issue in a decision agreed on; minority view may accompany either
consensus or majority view; if it accompanies consensus view it
constitutes an exceptional view; if it accompanies majority view it
constitutes a view which is neither exceptional nor majority.

Views 1-x: used if there are several views none of which preponderates
upon others significantly.

Majority approach: refers to a description of a practise where no view as
such can be tracked; used mainly in cases where the rules give the panel
a discretion to proceed in a way it considers appropriate.

NOTE: Where it was not able to formulate a view due to low number of
relevant decisions it is stated so.
Table of contents

I. Procedural questions

1. To what extent is national law relevant to legitimate rights or interests
and bad faith?
2. What is the role of precedent in ADR-proceedings?
3. Can re-filed cases be accepted and if so, under what circumstances?
4. Can single complaints deal with several domain names?
5. Can proceedings be suspended for settlement purposes?
6. What is the relationship between CAC proceedings and court
proceedings?
7. Can registrars be liable as registrants?
8. Do panels have authority to decide cases based on the respondents
consent to transfer the domain name?
9. Can panels render formal decisions mirroring settlements entered into
by the parties?
10. What is the proper language of proceedings?
11. What are the proper grounds for changing the language in a language
trial procedure?
12. Can supplemental filings be accepted?
13. Can complaints be filed by co-complainants?
14. Can panels award costs?
15. Can panels conduct independent investigations?
16. Are panels bound by decisions of national trade mark registries?
17. On which party rests the burden of proof regarding a lack of legitimate
rights or interests and bad faith?
18. What is the standard of proof?
19. Can documents submitted in language other than the language of
proceedings be accepted?
20. Can complaints be accepted based on the respondents failure to
supply a response?
21. Can panels accept belated responses?
22. Do non-EU-entities have standing in ADR .eu proceedings?
23. Are complainants required to have rights in the domain name in order
to launch ADR .eu proceedings? 22
24. Under which circumstances do complaints constitute an abuse of
ADR proceeding?
25. Does a duty to inform respondents prior to launching proceedings
exist?
26. Do panels have authority to transfer domain names to third parties?

CAC Overview
II. Relevant rights of the complainant

1. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a registered trademark?
2. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a pending trademark
application?
3. Can a complainant have a relevant right from an expired
trademark/service mark?
4. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a figurative
5. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a trademark or service
mark if it is registered only after the domain registration?
6. Can a complainant have a relevant right from an unregistered
trademark?
7. Can a complainant have a relevant right from ownership of other
domains?
8. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a company name?
9. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a family name?
10. Can a complainant have relevant rights in a name of a public body?
11. Can a complainant have relevant rights in a geographical term?
12. Can a trademark licensee holder have rights in a trademark for the
purpose of filing a case?
13. Can a non-EU trademark holder successfully file a case?
14. Can the respondent successfully contest relevance of a right of the
complainant if the complainant did not apply for domain name registration
during the Sunrise period?
15. Special issues relating to distinctive titles of protected literary and
artistic works?

III. Identity or confusing similarity

1. What is the test for identity or confusing similarity, and can the content
of a website be relevant in determining this?
2. Is a domain name consisting of a name in respect of which a right is
recognized or established by national and/or Community law and a
negative term confusingly similar to that name? (sucks cases)
3. Is a domain name consisting of a name in respect of which a right is
recognized or established by national and/or Community law and a
generic, descriptive or geographical term confusingly similar to that
name?
4. Is a domain name which contains a common or obvious misspelling of
a name in respect of which a right is recognized or established by
national and/or Community law (typo squatting) confusingly similar to
that name?
5. Can a domain name be found identical or confusingly similar to a
figurative or combined trademark?

IV. Legitimate rights and interests of the respondent

1. Does a respondent automatically have rights or legitimate interests in a
domain name comprised of dictionary word(s)?
2. Can a reseller of trademarked goods or services have rights or
legitimate interests in a domain name which contains such trademark?
3. Does a respondents trademark corresponding to a disputed domain
name automatically generate rights or legitimate interests, especially in
circumstances where it was obviously applied for in order to register the
domain name?
4. Is the complainant required to prove that the respondent lacks rights or
legitimate interests in the disputed domain name?
5. To what extent is the national/community law relevant to a panel
assessment of rights and legitimate interests and/or bad faith?
6. Does failure of a respondent to respond to the complaint (respondents
default) automatically result in the complainant being granted the
requested remedy?
7. Can a criticism site generate rights or legitimate interests in the
disputed domain name?
8. Can a fan site generate rights or legitimate interests in the disputed
domain name?
9. Do parking and landing pages or pay-per-click links generate rights or
legitimate interests in the disputed domain name?
10. Does so called "direct navigation" generate rights or legitimate
interests in the disputed domain name?

V. Bad faith

1. Which actions have to be done in bad faith? The registration or the use
of the domain name, or even both?
2. Can bad faith in registering the domain name be found if the domain
name was registered or used before trademark was registered or before
unregistered trademark rights were acquired?
3. Can there be use in bad faith when the domain name is not actively
used (passive holding)?
4. Can constructive notice, or a finding that a respondent knew or should
have known about a trademark, or wilful blindness, form a basis for
finding bad faith?
5. Can statements made in settlement discussions be relevant to showing
bad faith?
6. Does an offer to sell a domain constitute bad faith?
7. Is there a need to show bad faith if there is no legitimate interest?
8. Are there other indications of bad faith besides those listed in Art. 21
(3) of the PPR?
CAC Overview
I. Procedural questions

1. To what extent is national law relevant to legitimate rights or
interests and bad faith?

The role of national law is fairly limited in determining whether a
respondent has a legitimate right or interest in a domain name. Those
limitations likewise affect determinations of whether a respondent has
registered or used a domain name in bad faith.

Consensus View: National law is relevant to the existence of prior rights,
according to Article 21 paragraph 1 of the PPR. This has been confirmed
by several ADR decisions.

Relevant Decisions:
City Inn Limited v. World Online Endeavours Limited, CAC 3396,
<citycafe.eu>, Denial
VINOS LTD v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 3896, <vinos.eu>, Denial
FGSPORT S.r.l. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3885, <worldsbk.eu>, Transfer
VIVARTIA-INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL COMPANY OF FOOD
PRODUCTS & CATERING SERVICES v. Anastasios Karkazis, CAC 4099,
<vivartia.eu>, Transfer
Schindhelm & Pfisterer Attorney at Law v. Wolf-Dieter Ihle, CAC 4227,
<ihle.eu>, Denial

Consensus View: Not surprisingly, there have been decisions
addressing the relevance of national law with respect to legitimate rights
or interests, for instance the protection of family names by German law
has been found to be a legitimate right. Similarly, national law can be
relevant in relation to the protection of company or trade names and
trademarks.

Relevant Decisions:
Boltze Gruppe GmbH v. Birgit Boltze, CAC 5231, <boltze.eu>, Transfer
1&1 Internet AG v. Christian Dahmen, CAC 453, <web.eu>, Denial
DDR Museum Berlin GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5094, <ddr-
museum.eu>, Transfer

However, there have not been any decisions by panels in ADR-
proceedings addressing national law connected to the issue of bad faith.

2. What is the role of precedent in ADR-proceedings?

Consensus View: There is no provision in the PPR, or in the ADR Rules
allowing the conclusion that panels are bound by the doctrine of stare
decisis. Previous ADR .eu cases are persuasive authority. Panels have
departed from such decisions in several instances. However, they tend to
give more detailed reasons when departing from previous panel
decisions. Regarding the issue of precedent, there is no difference
between proceedings under Article 22 (1) a) and proceedings under
Article 22 (1) b) of the PPR, as the same provisions are applicable.

Relevant Decisions:
Socit Air France v. Lexicon Media, Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu>
inter alia, Transfer
French Connexion v. EURid, CAC 174, <domaine.eu>, Annulled
Ultrasun International B.V. v. EURid, CAC 541, <ultrasun.eu>, Rejected
carrentals.co.uk v. EURid, CAC 3034, <carrentals.eu>, Annulled
Axel Arnulf Pfennigv. Online Shopping Limited, CAC 3257, <shopping.eu>,
Rejected
Schaeffler KG v. Cervos Enterprises Ltd, CAC 3557, <fag.eu>, Transfer
Socit Air France v. Lexicon Media Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks> inter
alia, Transfer
My Home Limited v. MyHome S.A., CAC 4560, <myhome.eu>, Rejected
SHB Innovative Fondskonzepte AG v. Markus Jank, CAC 4700, <shb.eu>,
Transfer
Korn/Ferry International Corporation v. Aphrodite Ventures, Limited, CAC
4843, <kornferry.eu>, Revocation
Brand Scout GmbH v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4863, <babywell.eu>, Transfer

The same is true as to previous decisions under the UDRP. However,
one must bear in mind that the UDRP Rules differ from the rules
governing ADR .eu proceedings. Therefore, such decisions can provide
only limited guidance.

Relevant Decisions:
Stockholms Stad. v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 386, <stockholm.eu>,
Rejected
Emirates v. Stichting Roos Beheer, CAC 5405, <emirates.eu>, Revocation

However, a minority of panels have expressly refused to even discuss
precedent.

Relevant Decisions:
HORMEL FOODS CORPORATION v. Markus Koettl, Internetportal und
Marketing GmbH, CAC 568, <spam.eu>, Transfer
Labrada Bodybuilding Nutrition, Inc. v. Timo Kemerink, CAC 4396,
<labrada.eu>, Rejected
Avery Dennison Corporation; Avery Dennison U.K. Ltd., Sapphire v.
Dotasterisk Ltd., CAC 5126, <averygraphics.eu>, Transfer

3. Can re-filed cases be accepted and if so, under what
circumstances?

The question is expressly regulated neither in the PPR nor in the ADR
Rules. However, in Paragraph B 12 (a) of the ADR Rules it is stated that
decisions of panellists are final and not subject to appeal. Only few
decisions have dealt with the issue.

CAC Overview
Consensus View: When the facts are identical, panels must deny to
hear the case based on Paragraph B 12 (a) of the ADR Rules.

Relevant Decisions:
Traffic Web Holding v. EURid, CAC 2291, <barcelona.eu> inter alia,
Rejected
Multam BV v. EURid, CAC 2257, <live.eu>, Rejected
Multam BV v. EURid, CAC 2990, <live.eu>, Rejected

In a case where the facts had changed since the original decision, the
panel allowed the complainant to restart the proceeding.

Relevant Decision:
Axel Arnulf Pfennig v. Online Shopping Limited, CAC 3257, <shopping.eu>,
Rejected

Re-filed cases have generally been accepted, when the initial complaint
had failed because the complainant had lacked standing and in the
second proceeding, the complainant was a different person or entity.

Relevant Decisions:
Prada S.A. v. Maurizio Lussetti, CAC 4316, <prada.eu>, Transfer
Ferriera Valsabbia SpA. v. Lexicon Media, Ltd., CAC 5250, <ferriera-
valsabbia.eu>, Transfer

4. Can single complaints deal with several domain names?

Consensus View: According to Paragraph B 1 (c) of the ADR Rules, one
complaint can relate to more than one domain name, provided that the
language of the proceedings and the parties are the same. Decisions in
proceedings under Article 22 (1) b) PPR can also be considered as
guidance regarding this aspect, as they are governed by the same rules.

Relevant Decisions:
Handys Ltd v. EURid, CAC 1566, <airlinetickets.eu> inter alia, Rejected
White & Case LLP v. Tom Nagy, CAC 1683B, <whitecase.eu> inter alia,
Rejected
ThinkTank EDV-Consulting GmbH v. EURid, CAC 1996, <thinktank.eu> inter
alia, Rejected
European Pallet Association, EPAL v. EURid, CAC 2586, <epal.eu>,
Rejected
Agora SA v. EURid, CAC 2633, <automot.eu> inter alia, Rejected
International NC I B.V v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 3748, <endothil.eu> inter alia,
Transfer

5. Can proceedings be suspended for settlement purposes?

Consensus View: Yes. According to Paragraph A 4 (b) of the ADR
Rules, the complainant can submit such a request to the provider, or,
after the constitution of the panel, to the panel itself.

Relevant Decision:
Suomen Osuuskauppojen Keskuskunta v. Minerva GmbH Consulting, CAC
1036, <abc.eu>, Settled

6. What is the relationship between CAC proceedings and court
proceedings?

According to Article 22 (13) of the PPR, a panel decision becomes
binding, unless court proceedings are initiated within 30 calendar days of
the notification of the decision.

Consensus View: An ADR .eu proceeding shall not be prejudiced by any
court proceeding according to Paragraph A 5 of the ADR Rules, unless
the matter has been finally decided by a court of competent jurisdiction
(Paragraph A 4 (c)). As long as court proceedings are pending, panels
can proceed to a decision. This is also the case if a previous court
decision did not deal with a transfer of the domain name. This could be
an injunction requiring the respondent not to use the domain name in
connection to the selling of certain goods, for example.

Relevant Decisions:
Christian Marolt v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 1505, <hospital.eu>,
Rejected
UNIBAIL HOLDING SA v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 2123, <unibail.eu>, Transfer
Germanwings GmbH v. Vassilios Xefteris, CAC 2888, <germanwings.eu>,
Transfer
Vortex v. British Sky Broadcasting Ltd, CAC 3495, <skyblog.eu>, Rejected
JACK WOLFSKIN Ausrstung fr Draussen GmbH & Co. KGaA v. THD
Concept, CAC 5235, <jackwolfskin.eu>, Transfer

7. Can registrars be liable as registrants?

In some WIPO cases, panels have held that a registrar could only be
liable as a registrant if the registrar was in fact the same person or entity
as the registrant. However, such a case has not been decided by a CAC
panel yet.

Relevant Decisions:
General Electric Company v. Marketing Total S.A., WIPO Case No. D2007-
1834, <gegeneralelectric.com> inter alia, Transfer
Pernod Ricard v. Tucows.com Co, WIPO Case No. D2008-0789,
<ricard.com>, Transfer

8. Do panels have authority to decide cases based on the
respondents consent to transfer the domain name?

This issue is not expressly regulated. Hence, it is not surprising that a
consensus view has not yet developed.

CAC Overview
Majority View: The domain name is transferred based on the
respondents consent, unless the complainant does not fulfil the
registration criteria.

Relevant Decisions:
International NC I B.V v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 3748, <endothil.eu> inter alia,
Transfer
HYDAC Technology GmbH v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 4000, <hydac.eu>, Transfer
MENNO Chemie-Vertrieb GmbH v. EWABO Chemikalien GmbH Co. KG,
CAC 4252, <neopredisan.eu>, Transfer
Josef Bano v. Bernadette Selim Abou Zakhm, CAC 4678, <bano.eu>,
Transfer
Gnter Krauter v. Webportal Media Ltd, CAC 5538, <speq.eu>, Transfer
Fruit of the Loom Ltd v. Mohammed Ali, CAC 5776, <russelathletic.eu>,
Transfer

Minority View: Some panels have taken a different stance and have still
decided the cases based on their merits, even when the respondents
agreed to a transfer.

Relevant Decisions:
Altova Ges.m.b.H. v. ALTRA-NS LTD, CAC 2219, <altova.eu>, Transfer
Unibail Holding SA v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 2123, <unibail.eu>, Transfer
Zoologisk Have v. Name Battery, Ltd., CAC 3942, <copenhagenzoo.eu>,
Transfer
ASSOCIATION FRANCAISE DU FESTIVAL INTERNATIONAL DU FILM v.
EUTeam Ltd, CAC 4082, <festivaldecannes.eu>, Transfer
August Storck KG v. World Online Endeavours, Ltd., CAC 4339, <merci-
pur.eu>, Transfer
BRISTOL-MYERS SQUIBB BELGIUM S.A. v. Aphrodite Ventures, Ltd., CAC
4723, <videx.eu>, Transfer
OSIsoft, Inc. v. Fienna, Ltd., CAC 5243, <osisoft.eu>, Revocation

However, the parties are free to settle their dispute (supra I.5.) in the pre-
panel phase with transfer being effected by the parties themselves
without any intervention of the CAC.

9. Can panels render formal decisions mirroring settlements entered
into by the parties?

Paragraph A 4 (a) of the ADR Rules states that the proceeding shall be
terminated if a settlement has been reached by the parties. Nevertheless,
panels have issued formal decisions to transfer the domain name
according to the settlement agreement several times.

Relevant Decisions:
Bassano Grimeca S.p.A. v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd, CAC 4324,
<grimeca.eu>, Transfer
esk inenrsk a.s. v. Ovidio Ltd, CAC 4393, <cias.eu>, Transfer
Continental Airlines, Inc & Continental Airlines Domain Name Ltd v. Kanzlei
Berger , CAC 4979, <continentalair.eu>, Transfer
FRIED Kunststofftechnik GmbH v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 5168, <fried.eu>,
Transfer

However, other panels remained more faithful to the exact letters of the
ADR Rules and simply terminated the proceedings without issuing
judgments in cases of settlements. It is unclear which approach is
preferred by the majority of panellists, because when formal judgments
were rendered, they had always been requested by the parties.

Relevant Decisions:
Reisebro Bhler GmbH v. Dom.info e.K., CAC 3757, <flights.eu>,
Settlement
Suomen Osuuskauppojen Keskuskunta v. Minerva GmbH Consulting, CAC
1036, <abc.eu>, Revocation

10. What is the proper language of proceedings?

Consensus View: According to Article 22 (4) PPR and Paragraph A 3 (a)
of the ADR Rules, the proper language is the language used in the
registration agreement, an EU-language otherwise specified therein or an
EU-language that both parties agreed on.

Relevant Decisions:
Vivartia-Industrial & Commercial company of food & catering services v.
Anastasios Karzakis, CAC 2675B, <vivartia.eu>, Rejected
Rejected
Bookings Europe B.V. v. Stichting Miloma, CAC 4090, <bookings.eu>,
Transfer
Ville de Paris v. H. Klomp, CAC 5559B, <paris.eu>, Rejected
Logintrans spka z ograniczon odpowiedzialnoci v. Traffic Web Holding
B.V., CAC 2369B, <trans.eu>, Rejected

11. What are the proper grounds for changing the language in a
language trial procedure?

According to Article 22 (4) PPR, panels have the authority to change the
language, having regard to the circumstances of the case. However, until
February 1, 2010, the ADR Rules required exceptional circumstances
according to Paragraph A 3 (a). Panels have repeatedly found that mere
economic reasons were not such exceptional circumstances. It has not
been regarded as sufficient that all documents were in the language
desired by the complainant and that both parties were able to
communicate in that language. Also, financial reasons and the fact that
the respondent had some knowledge of the language requested by the
complainant were not regarded as substantial grounds to change the
language. Similarly, a limited number of available translators between the
native languages of the parties has not been considered sufficient ground
to change the language of proceeding to English in one instance.

CAC Overview
Relevant Decisions:
Vivartia-Industrial & Commercial company of food & catering services v.
Anastasios Karzakis, CAC 2675B, <vivartia.eu>, Rejected
Rejected
Protective Komfort Group International Pavigym International v. Team X,
s.r.o, CAC 5100B, <pavigym.eu>, Rejected
Ville de Paris v. H. Klomp, CAC 5559B, <paris.eu>, Rejected
Logintrans spka z ograniczon odpowiedzialnoci v. Traffic Web Holding
B.V., CAC 2369B, <trans.eu>, Rejected

However, changes have been made in cases, in which the language
desired by the complainant was the national language of the respondent,
provided the respondent did not indicate that he had knowledge of the
language of the registration agreement. Similar decisions were reached
when it appeared to be the case that the respondent had knowledge of
the requested language and had only chosen the language of the
registration agreement in order to make proceedings more complex. The
language of the website was also used as an indicator.

Relevant Decisions:
NrnbergMesse GmbH v. Marnix Brands, CAC 4320B,
<nuernbergmesse.eu>, Accepted
SANOFI-AVENTIS v. De Jong M., CAC 4132, <acompliaoriginal.eu> inter
alia, Accepted
Citizen Engineering Services Ltd (Philip Nuttal) v. AOL (UK) Limited, CAC
4300B, <buddylist.eu>, Accepted
OLYMPIAKOS SYNDESMOS FILATHLON PIRAEUS P.A.E. v. Biuro
Pomocy Adwokackiej i Patentowej, CAC 4375B, <redstore.eu>, Accepted.
Hlavn msto Praha v. Traffic Web Holding B.V., CAC 4681B, <prague.eu>,
Accepted

With the changes to the ADR Rules, the requirement of exceptional
circumstances was dropped. Therefore, successful requests in language
trial appear to be more likely from now on. However, a clear scheme has
not yet developed. In the first case governed by the new rules, the panel
held that it could change the language at its own discretion if it was
practical and not disadvantageous to the respondent. In that particular
case, the language was changed, because the respondent had not
replied, the parties had communicated in the language requested and
that language had been the commonly used in the branch of trade that
both parties were engaged in.

Relevant Decision:
Avast Software a.s. v. AVIRA GmbH, CAC 5739B, <avast.eu>, Accepted

However, the mere use of the requested language in communications
between the parties is not regarded to be sufficient when the respondent
is a national of a different country and refuses the change of language for
reasons of misunderstandings.
Also, the fact that both parties are nationals of the same country is not
sufficient when the respondent resides in a different country and has
chosen the language of that country in the registration agreement.

Relevant Decisions:
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, ABB AG v. Luigi Silvestri, CAC 5831B,
<abbgroup.eu>, Rejected
Koudsi Graphics V.O.F. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5818B, <koudsi.eu>,
Rejected

12. Can supplemental filings be accepted?

According to Paragraph B 8 of the ADR Rules, panels can admit
supplemental filings at their own discretion. Panels have not yet agreed
on the circumstances under which doing so is appropriate. However, from
these decisions, it can be derived that additional statements will be
accepted under specific circumstances.

Consensus View: Panels accept supplemental filings if they entail
evidence that could not possibly have been presented earlier.

Relevant Decisions:
Hotel.eu s.r.o v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 419, <hotel.eu>,
Transfer
Vattenfall Europe Netcom GmbH v. EURid, CAC 1299, <4ce.eu>, Rejected
Axel Arnulf Pfennig v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 1717,
<arzt.eu> inter alia, Annuled
Digipolis v. EURid, CAC 2185, <antwerp.eu> inter alia, Annuled
FINEMCCANICA S.P.A. v. EURid, CAC 2671, <selex.eu>, Rejected
Rotary International v. Mas erich auer, CAC 3465, <rotary.eu>, Revocation
Sepracor Inc. v. Adil Akkus, CAC 5174, <lunesta.eu>, Revocation

Moreover, panels are likely to accept additional submissions for reasons
of fairness, if belated responses have also been accepted.

Relevant Decisions:
ThinkTank EDV-Consulting GmbH v. EURid, CAC 1996, <thinktank.eu> inter
alia, Rejected
Bookings Europe B.V v. Stichting Miloma, CAC 4090, <bookings.eu>,
Transfer

However, if this is not the case, it is helpful for the opposing party to
protest the additional submission. Such a protest may be considered by
the panel in its decision to allow or disallow the submission.

Relevant Decisions:
1&1 Internet AG v. Christian Dahmen, CAC 453, <web.eu>, Revocation
Kontakta spol. s r. o. v. EURid, CAC 3072, <kontakta.eu>, Denied

CAC Overview
Minority View: Additional submissions may also be accepted in other
than the described circumstances. Some panels admitted such
submissions, stating that they might help determine the facts.

Relevant Decisions:
hotel.be v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 3387, <hotel.eu>,
Transfer
Eco Economy Tours v. EURid, CAC 2448, <ecotours.eu> inter alia, Rejected
art-x Webagentur. v. PARA Verwaltung GmbH, CAC 3848,
<packservice.eu>, Rejected

13. Can complaints be filed by co-complainants?

Consensus View: Complaints can successfully be filed by related co-
complainants due to practical reasons.

Relevant Decisions:
Rieke Corporation and Rieke Packaging Systems Limited v World Online
Endeavours, Ltd, CAC 4588, <rieke.eu>, Transfer
Aktiebolaget Sandvik Coromantv. Mikael Pirhonen, CAC 4879,
<sandvikcoromant.eu>, Transfer
zappmedia GmbH, zappmedia Holding GmbH v. Mandarin & Pacific Services
Limited, CAC 5249, <zappmedia.eu>, Transfer
General Electric Company, GE Capital EMEA Services Limited v. GeCredit
Group, CAC 5681, <gecredit.eu>, Transfer
Point of Sports GmbH v. Vinitsia, Ltd, CAC 4881, <jetpilot.eu>, Transfer

14. Can panels award costs?

Consensus View: It is undisputed that panels cannot award costs for the
proceeding.

Relevant Decisions:
Raad voor Rechtsbijstandv. EURid, CAC 335, <mediation.eu>, Rejected
Depmarc v. EURid, CAC 1711, <airco.eu> inter alia, Rejected
Depmarcv. EURid, CAC 2084, <suzuki.eu> inter alia, Rejected
In Person Personeelsgroep B.V v. Frans Morsink, CAC 5688, <inperson.eu>,
Transfer

15. Can panels conduct independent investigations?

Consensus View: Paragraph B 7 (a), of the ADR Rules expressly allows
panels to do so at their own discretion and panels have frequently done
so.

Relevant Decisions:
TSE Systems GmbHv. Fienna, Ltd., CAC 1328, <tse-systems.eu>, Transfer
Euro Suisse International Ltdv. Lehigh Basin Ltd, CAC 3239,
<eurosuisse.eu>, Rejected
Banca Intesa S.p.A. v. Dave Davies, CAC 4089, <bancointesa.eu>, Transfer
Sanofi Aventis v. UK Domain Developers, Ltd., CAC 4819, <ambiencr.eu>,
Transfer
KG Industries LLCv. KG Industries, Gary Powell KG Industries, CAC 5572,
<kgindustries.eu>, Revocation
Barclays Bank Plc v. Simon Allso, CAC 6071, <barclaycorporatefunding.eu>,
Transfer

16. Are panels bound by decisions of national trade mark registries
concerning the existence or non-existence of trade/service marks?

Although there have been several decisions on the issue, a consensus
view has not yet developed. However, the majority view appears to be
that such decisions must be accepted by panels as given.

Relevant Decisions:
Wellness-Hotels-Deutschland GmbH v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH,
CAC 452, <wellness.eu>, Rejected
AAA Auto a.s. v. EURid, CAC 1812, <aaaauto.eu>, Rejected
123.ie Internet Services Limited v. Minerva Consulting GmbH, CAC 3668,
<123.eu>, Transfer
MasterCard Europe SPRLv. Lea Suter, CAC 5543, <europay.eu>, Rejected

Nevertheless, a significant number of panels have refused this view and
taken the stance that panels can reconsider decisions taken by trade
mark registries.

Relevant Decisions:
LTUR Tourismus AG v. Rcker, CAC 283, <lastminute.eu>, Rejected
Kocian Solc Balastik, advokatni kancelar, Ladislav Smejkal v. Andreas
Constantinou, CAC 1584, <ksb.eu>, Transfer
DDR Museum Berlin GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5094, <ddr-
museum.eu>, Transfer

17. On which party rests the burden of proof regarding a lack of
legitimate rights or interests and bad faith?

Majority View: Concerning the burden of proof regarding a lack of
legitimate rights or interests, in contrast to the exact wording of
Paragraph B 11 (d) (1) and in analogy to the rules developed by UDRP
panels, the complainant only needs to establish a prima facie case. Then,
the onus shifts to the respondent to rebut the assertion that the
respondent lacks legitimate rights or interests.

Relevant Decisions:
SoftAge Services GmbHv. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2929, <softage.eu>,
Rejected
Security Center GmbH & Co. KG v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2986,
<terxon.eu>, Transfer
The Game Group Plc v. First Internet Technology Ltd, CAC 4014,
<game.eu>, Transfer
Rotary International v. Strake Bohumil, CAC 4757, <rotary.eu>, Transfer
CAC Overview
CharterLine Fuhrpark-Service GmbHv. fienna.com, CAC 4949,
<buchbinder.eu>, Transfer
GBO Design - Engineering v. Guidance International AB, CAC 4950,
<gbo.eu>, Transfer
PETROM SA v. Kurt Janusch, CAC 5087, <petrom.eu>, Transfer
Yakult Europe B.V. v. Mark Weakley, CAC 5156, <yakult.eu>, Transfer
ANDREAS I. KANNAS & SONS LIMITED v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5941,
<kannas.eu>, Transfer
OANDA Corporation v. Domain Directors Europe Ltd, CAC 5665,
<oanda.eu>, Revocation
Discover Financial Services (UK) Limited v. Dinerscards Ltd, CAC 5646,
<dinerscards.eu>, Transfer
Transfer

Concerning the burden of proving bad faith, the Complainant must prove
and substantiate its allegations with evidence on the balance of
probabilities that the Respondent has registered or used the domain in
bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:
SoftAge Services GmbHv. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2929, <softage.eu>,
Rejected
The Game Group Plc v. First Internet Technology Ltd, CAC 4014,
<game.eu>, Transfer
GBO Design - Engineering v. Guidance International AB, CAC 4950,
<gbo.eu>, Transfer

Minority View: There is no reversal of the burden of proof according to
the wording of the ADR Rules.

Relevant Decisions:
Smartmachine B.V.v. NameBattery.com, CAC 982, <smartmachine.eu>,
Transfer
LOT Polish Airlines v. Alexander Schubert, CAC 1959, <lot.eu>, Transfer
OLYMPIAKOS SYNDESMOS FILATHLON PIRAEUS P.A.E v. SYNERGIS
Maciej Przywara, CAC 4218, <olympiakos.eu>, Transfer
Labrada Bodybuilding Nutrition v. Timo Kemerink, CAC 4396, <labrada.eu>,
Rejected
Mr. Didieer Mottev. Ovidio Limited, CAC 4526, <placement.eu> inter alia,
Transfer

Concerning bad faith, the Complainant only has to establish prima facie
evidence for the Respondent having registered or used the domain in bad
faith. The Respondent then has to rebut.

Relevant Decisions:
CharterLine Fuhrpark-Service GmbHv. fienna.com, CAC 4949,
Transfer

Minority View: The onus always rests on the respondent.

Relevant Decisions:
SAZKA, a.s.v. Andreas Polanka, CAC 4139, <sazka.eu>, Transfer
NrnbergMesse GmbH v. Marnix Brands, CAC 4320, <nuernbergmesse.eu>,
Transfer
Murer + Wirtz GmbH & Co. KG v. Fienna.com, CAC 4410, <4711.eu>,
Transfer

18. What is the standard of proof?

Consensus View: While only very few panels have discussed the issue,
those panels that have done so almost unanimously required that the
assertion be proved on the balance of probabilities. This means that the
asserted facts must be more likely to be true than to be false. That
standard, also referred to as the preponderance of evidence standard, is
also required in civil cases on Common Law jurisdictions.

Relevant Decisions:
123.ie Internet Services Limited v. Minerva Consulting GmbH, CAC 3668,
<123.eu>, Transfer
Alterian Technology Limited v. Paul MacGowan, CAC Case No.4296,
<alterian.eu>, Transfer
Monster Worldwide Ireland Limited v. Monster Finance Limited, CAC 5376,
<monsterfinance.eu>, Transfer
Noonan Services Groupv. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 5578,
<noonan.eu>, Transfer
Jager & Polacek GmbHv. Redtube, CAC 5891, <redtube.eu>, Transfer

In an isolated decision, it was held that panellists must be rather
convinced of the facts asserted. It is uncertain, however, whether the
applied standard was in fact different from the standard applied by other
panels.

Relevant Decision:
Ursula Hahn v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3444, <ocunet.eu>, Transfer

19. Can documents submitted in language other than the language
of proceedings be accepted?

According to Paragraph A 3 (c) of the ADR Rules, all submissions shall
be made in the language of the ADR Proceeding or in different requested
language if the Complainant proves () that the Respondent has
adequate knowledge of such different language. However, panels are
CAC Overview
also allowed to request a translation of such submissions or disregard
them without requiring a translation.

Relevant Decisions:
Mr Matthew Keith Witts v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 52,
<yoga.eu>, Rejected
Richard Schlicht v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 910,
<reifen.eu>, Transfer
Hotel.be v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 3387, <hotel.eu>,
Transfer
Mr. Didieer Mottev. Ovidio Limited, CAC 4526, <placement.eu> inter alia,
Transfer
ELTRO Gesellschaft fr Elektronik mbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4620,
<eltropuls.eu>, Transfer

In the absence of a response, some panels declared it to be sufficient
that the panellist understood the evidence.

Relevant Decisions:
Abat AG v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 3976, <abat.eu>, Transfer
SIMTEK Przisionswerkzeuge GmbH v. Lexicon Media, Ltd., CAC 4371,
<simtek.eu>, Transfer

Nevertheless, there were notable decisions, in which panels declined to
take documents submitted in foreign language into consideration. In
some of these decisions, it appeared to be the case that the evidence
was not accepted, because the respondent did not have sufficient
knowledge of the language.

Relevant Decisions:
Hotel.eu s.r.o v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 419, <hotel.eu>,
Transfer
Atlasprofilax, S.A. v. Alfredo Lerro, CAC 3971, <atlasprofilax.eu>, Revocation
Witzenmann GmbH v. Markus Jank, CAC 5388, <witzenmann.eu>, Transfer
Merck KGaAv. Ficsor Balazs, CAC 4345, <merckgroupe.eu>, Transfer

20. Can complaints be accepted based on the respondents failure
to supply a response?

Majority Approach: Complaints are not granted based on respondents
failure to supply a response. According to Article 22 (10) of the PPR and
Paragraph B 10 (a) of the ADR Rules, it is possible for panels to accept a
complaint based on the respondents default. Panels have, however,
rarely done so. Some required complainants to establish a prima facie
case in order to succeed. Similarly, other panels have in the absence of a
response accepted as established the facts asserted by the complainant
and have drawn all reasonable inferences therefrom. This approach may
be derived from Paragraph B 10 (b) of the ADR Rules.

Relevant Decisions:
Energylinx Limitedv. Gumshoe Research Limited, CAC 1129,
<energylinx.eu>, Transfer
Kemet International Limited v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 1304, <kemet.eu>, Transfer
Peter A. Rueckert v. Domain Handler, CAC 1387, <biomark.eu>, Rejected
Pharma Medico UK Ltd. v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 1412, <nourkrin.eu>, Transfer
E.T Browne (UK) Limitedv. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235,
<palmerscocoabutter.eu>, Transfer
Studienkreis GmbH v. Cervos Enterprises Ltd, CAC 3202, <studienkreis.eu>,
Transfer
Hans Beckhoff v. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 3565, <ethercat.eu>,
Transfer
Zoologisk Have v. Name Battery, Ltd., CAC 3942, <copenhagenzoo.eu>,
Transfer
Abat AG v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 3976, <abat.eu>, Transfer
Adina Europe Limited v. Fienna.com, CAC 4562, <adina.eu>, Transfer
EUROPART Holding GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4253, <europart.eu>,
Transfer
Sponda Oyj v. UK Domain Developers, Ltd, CAC 4492, <sponda.eu>,
Transfer
Mills Brothers B.V. v. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 4725,
<thesting.eu>, Transfer
Tekom Gesellschaft fr technische Kommunikation e.V. v. Kausani
Enterprises Ltd, CAC 4735, <tekom.eu>, Transfer
In Person Personeelsgroep B.V v. Frans Morsink, CAC 5688, <inperson.eu>,
Transfer
Edscha AGv. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 3149, <edscha.eu>, Transfer
BB C - SERVICES, s.r.o. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3368, <bbcentrum.eu>,
Transfer
Big Dutchman v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3510, <bigdutchman.eu>, Transfer
Fiere Internazionali di Bologna SPA v. Lexicon Media Ltd, CAC 4261,
<motorshowbolognafiere.eu>, Rejected
SALOMON S.A. v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 4269, <salomonsports.eu>, Transfer
Carl Kurth Walter GmbH v. Mandarin & Pacific Services Limited, CAC 4477,
<walter-praezision.eu>, Transfer
General Electric Company, GE Capital EMEA Services Limited v. GeCredit
Group, CAC 5681, <gecredit.eu>, Transfer

However, in one case, the panel came to the conclusion that even when
there is a lack of a response, the assertion that the respondent does not
have legitimate rights is not enough.

Relevant Decision:
Manako Ltd & Co KGv. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5903, <manako.eu>, Transfer

Minority Approach: Complaints are accepted based on the respondents
default.

CAC Overview
Relevant Decisions:
LEGO Juris A/Sv. Falk Ruether-Quadro Sued Ltd, CAC 3210, <dacta.eu>,
Transfer
COMMEND Leasing GMBH v. Office2Office PLC, CAC 4192,
<commend.eu>, Transfer
Diners Club International Ltd. v. Christel Morsink, CAC 4244,
<dinerscard.eu>, Revocation
e-dialog KG v. Manuela Pirmandi, CAC 5031, <e-dialog.eu>, Transfer

Dr. Ing. h.c.F. Porsche AGv. International News u. Marketing Limited,
CAC 6045, <porschemagazin.eu> inter alia, Transfer

21. Can panels accept belated responses?

Yes, panels can accept late responses at their own discretion. In
proceedings against the registry, late responses were likely ignored,
unless the opposing party was also allowed to submit additional
evidence. The question has been decided much less in proceedings
against registrants under Art 22 (1) a) of the PPR. Generally, panels can
decide on the admissibility of evidence at their own discretion according
to Paragraph B 7 (b) of the ADR Rules.

Majority View: Late responses are accepted if the complainant is also
allowed to submit an additional filing or if there are sufficient reasons for a
late filing. It may also matter by how long the deadline is missed.
Moreover, it appears to be less likely that a late response will be
accepted if the other party protests as soon as the response is received.

Relevant Decisions:
IAC Search and Media Europe Ltdv. First Internet Technology Limited, CAC
2438, <ask.eu>, Transfer
Esprit Retail Wholesale GmbH v. Max Kudrenko, CAC 3926, <esprit.eu>,
Transfer
Bookings Europe B.V v. Stichting Miloma, CAC 4090, <bookings.eu>,
Transfer

Minority View: Belated responses are inadmissible, because the ADR
.eu proceeding is supposed to be a speedy procedure and late responses
would, were they admitted, hinder timely decisions. However, this was
only stated in an obiter dictum. Nevertheless, it is of great significance, as
this stance was the majority view in decisions involving the registry.

Relevant Decisions:
SHB Innovative Fondskonzepte AGv. Markus Jank, CAC 4700, <shb.eu>,
Transfer
Mitsubishi Motors Europe B.V.v. EURid, CAC 294, <colt.eu>, Rejected
Eye-2 B.V.v. EURid, CAC 1228, <mylens.eu> inter alia, Rejected
Nordea Bank Finland Abpv. EURid, CAC 1537, <solo.eu>, Rejected

Minority View: The response can only be used for informational
purposes.

Relevant Decisions:
Dansk Internet Forumv. Zhonglan, CAC 1644, <dk-hostmaster.eu>, Transfer
Richard Canten v. EURid, CAC 1627, <planetinternet.eu>, Rejected
European Social Projects Officev. EURid, CAC 1525, <espo.eu>, Annuled

22. Do non-EU-entities have standing in ADR .eu proceedings?

Consensus View: According to Art 22 (1) PPR and Paragraph B 1 (a) of
the ADR Rules, any person or entity can start an ADR proceeding.
Therefore, non-EU-entities have standing in ADR .eu proceedings.
However, those entities cannot request a transfer of the domain name,
but only revocation.

Relevant Decisions:
SEVEN FOR ALL MANKIND LLC v. Riazul Quadir, CAC 2300,
<7forallmankind.eu>, Revocation
WESTAT, Inc v. My Internet Media Ltd, CAC 5325, <westat.eu>, Revocation
Lernco, Inc. v. Andy Ltd., CAC 5332, <lernercatalog.eu>, Revocation
Emirates v. Stichting Roos Beheer, CAC 5405, <emirates.eu>, Revocation

The panels have usually accepted joint complaints filed by non-EU right
holders and their EU subsidiaries or other related entities. If the transfer
was requested to the EU entity it was usually granted.

Relevant Decisions:
Rieke Corporation, Rieke Packaging Systems Limited v. World Online
Endeavours, Ltd, CAC 4588, <rieke.eu>, Transfer
Colliers International Property Consultants Inc , Colliers CRE Plc v. Zheng
Qingying, CAC 4955, <collierscre.eu>, Transfer

23. Are complainants required to have rights in the domain name in
order to launch ADR .eu proceedings?

Regarding this issue, a consensus view has not yet developed. The
regulations cited above state that any party can launch proceedings.

Majority View: It is a basic principle of law that a complaint can only
succeed if the complainant has rights itself. In other words: The
complainant must be a party in interest. However, in some cases, this
was not stated expressly, but only implicitly.

Relevant Decisions:
Rabbi Guy David Hall v. UK Domain Developers, Ltd., CAC 1375,
<rabbin.eu>, Rejected
Axel Arnulf Pfennigv. Dom.info e.K., CAC 1559, <book.eu> inter alia,
Rejected
CAC Overview
Rejected
E.T Browne (UK) Limitedv. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235,
Dr Massimo Introvigne v. Maurizio Lussetti, CAC 2928, <prada.eu>, Rejected
Contrinex GmbH v. Martin Writh, CAC 3044, <contrinex.eu>, Rejected
Enterprise Rent-a-Car UK Limited v. Domain Active Europe Ltd, CAC 4213,
<enterpriserentals.eu>, Transfer
Labrada Bodybuilding Nutrition, Inc. v. Timo Kemerink, CAC 4396,
<labrada.eu>, Rejected
Oy Hullut Pivt - Galna Dagar Ab v. Applebeach Ltd, CAC 4458,
<hullutpaivat.eu> inter alia, Transfer
Aktiebolaget Sandvik Coromantv. Mikael Pirhonen, CAC 4879,
<sandvikcoromant.eu>, Transfer
Roche Pharma AG v. Coursers UK, CAC 5014, <xenical.eu>, Transfer

Minority View: Contrary to this approach, other panels have stuck to the
exact wording of the regulations and have stated that any party could
launch proceedings under the ADR .eu regime.

Relevant Decisions:
Nicolas De Borrekensv. Van der Velden beheer BV, CAC 597,
<restaurant.eu> inter alia, Transfer
Axel Arnulf Pfennig v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 1717,
<arzt.eu> inter alia, Annuled
Haji GmbH v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 2381, <haji.eu>, Transfer
PICMG Europe v. Barbara Baldwin, CAC 4478, <picmg.eu>, Rejected

24. Under which circumstances do complaints constitute an abuse
of ADR proceeding?

Paragraph B 12 (h) allows the panel to hold that a complaint constitutes
an abuse of ADR proceeding, if it finds that the complaint was initiated in
bad faith. So far, only one panel has found that a proceeding was
abusive. This was declared when a complainant who had registered a
trade mark in bad faith launched proceedings against the respondent who
had been engaged in cybersquatting.

Relevant Decision:
Cervos Enterprises Ltd. v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 3938,
<arzt.eu> inter alia, Rejected

25. Does a duty to inform respondents prior to launching
proceedings exist?

There exists neither in the PPR nor in the ADR Rules a provision
establishing such a duty.

Relevant Decision:
Basler Haar-Kosmetik GmbH & CO. KG. v. Iwebment Media Limited, CAC
3125, <baslerhaarkosmetik.eu> inter alia, Transfer

26. Do panels have authority to transfer domain names to third
parties?

Majority View: Article 22 (11) PPR and Paragraph B 11 (b) of the ADR
Rules state that if the complainant satisfies the general eligibility criteria
(Article 4 (2) (b) of the Regulation (EC) No 733/2002), the domain name
may be transferred to the complainant. Therefore, most panels have
declined to order a transfer to a third party.

Relevant Decisions:
DBC, LLC v. Angelos Mpethavas, CAC 3924, <xango.eu>, Revocation
Atlasprofilax, S.A. v. Alfredo Lerro, CAC 3971, <atlasprofilax.eu>, Revocation
F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG v. Anastasios Karkazis, CAC 4733, <tamiflu.eu>,
Revocation
Sepracor Inc. v. Adil Akkus, CAC 5174, <lunesta.eu>, Revocation

Branches of non-European Complainants that lie within the European
Union are considered as the Complainant itself and are therefore eligible
transferees of the concerned domain.

Relevant Decisions:
Turkcell Iletisim Hizmetleri AS v. dilek TANIK, CAC 5837, <turkcell.eu>,
Transfer
AKBANK TURK A.S. v. Gizem Yapakci, CAC 5117, <akbank.eu>, Transfer

II. Relevant rights of the complainant

The complainant in an ADR procedure needs to describe the grounds on
which the complaint is made and therefore has to (inter alia) show that he
has rights that are recognized or established by national and/or
community law in a name that the domain in question is identical or
confusingly similar to. Those relevant rights can be rights such as
registered national and community trademarks, geographical indications
or designations of origin, and unregistered trademarks, trade names,
business identifiers, company names, family names and distinctive titles
of protected literacy and artistic works as far as they are protected under
national law in the respective Member State. This list raises some
questions on what exactly is or is not a relevant right in reference to the
ADR procedure.

CAC Overview
1. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a registered
trademark?

Any registered trademark that is recognized and/or established by either
community law or national law in a Member State is sufficient to initiate
an ADR procedure. The requirements of a registered trademark therefore
differ depending on the national law of the country where it is registered.

Relevant Decisions:
Trentingrana Concast Sca Consorzio dei Caseifici Sociali e dei Produttori
Latte v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5491, <trentingrana.eu>,
Transfer
Zheng Qingying v. FGSPORT S.r.l., Gianluca Pastori, CAC 3885,
<worldsbk.eu>, Transfer
David Fishman v. NGM ITALIA srl, Stefano Nesi, CAC 5969, <ngm.eu >,
Transfer

2. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a pending
trademark application?

The consensus view of .eu ADR panels is that a pending trademark
application alone is not a relevant right of the complainant. For
community trademarks it is explicitly stated in the council regulation on
community trademarks that these trademarks are in effect from the date
of publication of the registration of the trademark. All of this is in
agreement with UDRP judicature where mere applications are also not
accepted as sufficient rights to a name.

Relevant Decisions:
Peter A. Rueckert v. Domain Handler, CAC 1387, <biomark.eu>, Denial

However, it should be noted that the panels decided in a different way if
the application was pending at the time of the registration of the domain
name while the complaint is filed after the registration has been granted.

Relevant Decisions:
Zheng Qingying v. FGSPORT S.r.l., Gianluca Pastori, CAC 3885,
<worldsbk.eu>, Transfer
ANASTASIOS KARKAZIS v. VIVARTIA_INDUSTRIAL, CAC 4099,
<vivarita.eu>, Transfer

3. Can a complainant have a relevant right from an expired

It is the consensus view of several panels that an expired trademark or
service mark is not a relevant right.

Relevant Decisions:
Institut Franco-Allemand de Recherches de Saint-Louis v. EURid, CAC 219,
<isl.eu>, Denial
B. Metzler seel. Sohn & Co. KGaA v. EURid, CAC 1943, <metzler.eu>,
Denial
EURO-INFORMATION SA v. EURid, CAC 2780, <cybermut.eu>, Denial

4. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a figurative

Several panels have ruled that a figurative trademark/service mark can
be a relevant right, if a word can be clearly separated and distinguished
from the other elements. If a figurative mark holds relevant rights to a
specific domain name has to be determined in the decision on Identity or
confusing similarity.

Relevant Decisions:
Distillerie Bonollo S.p.A. v. EURid, CAC 1427, < bonollo.eu>, Denial
Siebert Industrieelektronik GmbH v. EURid, CAC 2680, <siebert.eu>, Denial
IAC Search & Media Europe Ltd v. First Internet Technology Limited, CAC
Wellness-Hotels-Deutschland GmbH v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH,
CAC 452, <wellness.eu>, Denial
Goebel & Voigt v. EURid, CAC 3492, <mapco.eu>, Denial
HAUG GmbH & Co. KG v. Winfried Haug, CAC 5208, <haug.eu>, Transfer

5. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a trademark or
service mark if it is
registered only after the domain registration?

So far in .eu ADR procedures there were two different opinions
concerning the question if a trademark or service mark can be a relevant
right if it is registered (and applied for) only after the domain registration.
In one decision, it was said that a relevant right as mentioned in Article 21
(1) of the PPR has to be prior according to Article 10 (1) of the PPR and
therefore must be registered before the domain registration.

Relevant Decision:
Denial

In more recent decisions, the panels held that, as there is no specific
reference to the date on which the complainant must have acquired the
rights, it is not required that the trademark/service mark was registered
before the domain registration but it is sufficient that the mark is in full
effect at the time of the complaint. The second opinion corresponds to the
wording of the regulation and is also in agreement with the predominant
view in UDRP procedures.

Relevant Decisions:
Nordic Naturals v. UK DOMAIN DEVELOPERS LTD, CAC 5379,
<nordicnaturals.eu>, Revocation
CAC Overview
David Fishman v. NGM ITALIA srl, Stefano Nesi, CAC 5969, <ngm.eu >,
Transfer
Piotr Warmowski v. Arcabit Sp. z o.o., Arcabit Sp. z o.o., CAC 5996,
<arcabit.eu>, Transfer
Topreality.sk s.r.o. v. Pavel imon, CAC 6049, <topreality.eu>, Transfer

6. Can a complainant have a relevant right from an unregistered
trademark?

Unregistered trademarks are prior rights, and therefore relevant rights,
in as far as they are protected under national law in the Member State
where they are held. So far panels have inter alia accepted goodwill and
reputation under the law of passing off in the UK (common law
trademark), the use of a company logo in Denmark and another Danish
trademark by use to be relevant rights. Requirements for unregistered
trademarks are therefore varying depending on national law of the
respective Member State.

Relevant Decisions:
E.T Browne (UK) Limited v. Fienna Limited, CAC 2235,
HS Automatic v. Zenghui Fuhechan & Zheng Qingying, CAC 5301,
<hsajet.eu>, Transfer
Zoologisk Have v. Name Battery Limited, CAC 3942, <copenhagenzoo.eu>,
Transfer

7. Can a complainant have a relevant right from ownership of other
domains?

So far some panels strictly refused to accept the ownership of another
domain as a relevant right. Other panels listed the ownership of other
domains along a trademark and/or a company name to accept a relevant
right. Still overall it seems almost certain that panels will not accept the
ownership of another domain alone as a relevant right.

Relevant Decisions:
M2 Marketing A/S v. EURid, CAC 2925, <m2.eu>, Denial
Seghorn Inkasso GmbH v. EURid, CAC 3032, <seghorn.eu>, Denial
Witzenmann GmbH v. Markus Jank, CAC 5388, <witzenmann.eu>, Transfer
eprimo GmbHCAC v. Zheng Qingying, Case No. 5384, <eprimo.eu>,
Transfer
Alphonse Leduc Editions Musicales SARL v. Thompson Edition Inc., CAC
5419, <alphonseleduc.eu>, Transfer

8. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a company name?

Company names are formally listed as relevant rights. Panels have
therefore accepted company names as relevant rights in ADR
procedures. One Panel has also accepted a part of a company name as
a relevant right, as long as it was protected by national law. Another
panel has accepted an abbreviation of a company name as a relevant
right because of the wide understanding of the term trade name in many
European countries.

Relevant Decisions:
Biuro Projektowania Systemw Cyfrowych SA v. EURid, CAC 2494,
<bpsc.eu>, Denial
TSE Systems GmbH v. Fienna Ltd, CAC 1328, <tse-systems.eu>, Transfer
Giebel Rechtsbesorgungs-GmbH v. EURid, CAC 3285, <giebel.eu>, Denial
Biuro Projektowania Systemw Cyfrowych SA v. EURid, CAC 2494, <
bpsc.eu>, Denial

9. Can a complainant have a relevant right from a family name?

Family names are formally listed as relevant rights. Panels saw a
personal ID as sufficient proof for a relevant right in a domain name. A
right in a domain name, that was an abbreviation which included a family
name, was refused.

Relevant Decisions:
Helmut Eichhorn v. EURid, CAC 2796, <eichhorn.eu>, Annulment
Propaganda Beheer B.V. v. C&F Media BV, CAC 2596, <dwbh.eu>, Transfer

10. Can a complainant have relevant rights in a name of a public
body?

Public bodies had the opportunity to register domain names consisting of
the complete name of the public body or the acronyms which are
generally used during the Sunrise period, Art. 10 (3) of the PPR.

Consensus View: To show rights in the name of a public body after the
Sunrise period the complainant has to show that the name is protected by
national and/or Community law, Art. 21 (1) of the PPR.

Relevant Decisions:
The BOC Group plc v. EURid, CAC 139, <boc.eu>, Denial
union internationale des transports routiers v. EURid, CAC 187, <tir.eu>,
Denial
Stockholms Stad v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 386, <stockholm.eu>,
Denial
Gemeinde Vls am Schlern / Comune di Fi allo Sciliar v. EURid, CAC 1136,
<fie.eu>, Denial
CAC Overview
Dpartement des Hauts de Seine v. Tempus Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4204,
<92.eu>, Denial

11. Can a complainant have relevant rights in a geographical term?

Public bodies had the opportunity to register the complete name of the
territory for which they were responsible during the Sunrise period, Art.
10 (3) of the PPR.

Consensus View: If the public body did not apply for the domain name
regarding the name of the territory for which was is responsible during the
Sunrise period it could no longer rely on the benefits of Art. 10 (3) of the
PPR and had to prove the name being protected by national and/or
Community law.

Relevant Decisions:
Stadt Koeln v. Tempus Enterprises Ltd., CAC 2781, <koeln2010.eu>,
Transfer
Stockholms Stad v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 386, <stockholm.eu>,
Denial
Helsingin Kaupunki v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 475, <helsinki.eu>,
Transfer

12. Can a trademark licensee have rights in a trademark for the
purpose of filing a
complaint?

Consensus View: An exclusive licence represents a right referred to
inArt. 21 (1) of the PPR.

Relevant Decisions:
Cyworld Europe GmbH v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd, CAC 4759, <cyworld.eu>,
Transfer
Discover Financial Services (UK) Limited v. STC Schmeiman, CAC 5645,
<dinerclub.eu>, Transfer
Microsoft B.V. v. Peter Schmid, CAC 6220, <microsoftzune.eu>, Transfer

There is no agreement how to proceed if the licence invoked is not
exclusive.

Majority view: The licence is considered as a recognized right within the
meaning of Art. 21 (1) PPR.

Relevant Decisions:
Memorex Products Europe Limited v. Goallover Limited, CAC 1196,
<memorex.eu>, Transfer
Young Life v. Hanoki, Ltd., CAC 4108, <younglife.eu>, Transfer
Nexcom UK Ltd v. Lehigh Basin Ltd, CAC 4668, <nexcom.eu>, Transfer
New York University in France v. Vinitsia, Ltd, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer
Crocs Europe B.V. v. Jibbitz France, CAC 5039, <jibbitz.eu>, Transfer
Dayco Europe S.r.L. v. Titan MPA Ltd, CAC 5648, <dayco.eu>, Transfer
Beachcomber Hot Tubs Europe B.V. v. Aquaworld B.V. Hartman, CAC 5811,
<beachcomberhottubs.eu>, Transfer
Hellas Sat S.A. v. Konstantinos Marketos, CAC 6038, <hellas-sat.eu>,
Transfer

Minority View: If the licence is neither exclusive, nor provides for a right
of the licensee to initiate domain name disputes and licenser and
licensee are not affiliated with each other, the complainant must prove
the licensers consent to the proceeding.

Relevant Decision:
Point of Sports GmbH v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 4881, <jetpilot.eu>, Transfer

13. Can a non-EU trademark holder successfully file a case?

The current ADR practice is not continuous. Some panels argue that non-
EU trademarks are also rights that are recognized by national and/or
Community law as stated by Art. 21 (1) of the PPR.

Minority view: One Panel considered a non-EU trademark not to be a
recognized right covered by the wording of Art. 21 (1) of the PPR without
further explanation.
Relevant Decisions:
AuntMinnie.com v. Jeffrey Leichter, CAC 1580, <auntminnie.eu>, Revocation
Republiek Turkije v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 4739, <turkey.eu>,
Revocation
PICMG Europe v. Barbara Baldwin, CAC 4478, <picmg.eu>, Denial

14. Can the respondent successfully contest relevance of a right of
the complainant if the complainant did not apply for domain name
registration during the Sunrise period?

Consensus View: If the complainant unsuccessfully tried to register a
domain name during the Sunrise period he can initiate an ADR procedure
under Art. 21 (1) of the PPR without limitation. The right holders were not
obliged to register domain names because of their trademarks or names
in respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or
Community law during the Sunrise period. Furthermore, the trademark
holders cannot be demanded to register all domains which are identical
or confusingly similar to their trademark. The respondent cannot contest
the relevance of the right of the complainant if the complainant has not
tried to register the domain name during the Sunrise period.

Relevant Decision:
Tesco Stores R a.s. v. Milan Bajcr, CAC 4401, <itesco.eu>, Transfer
McClean Deutschland GmbH v. Fridtjof Voelkening, CAC 2818,
<mcclean.eu>, Transfer
CAC Overview
Discover Financial Services (UK) Limited v. Dinerscards Ltd, CAC 5646,

15. Special issues relating to distinctive titles of protected literary
and artistic works

Consensus View: Distinctive titles of protected literary and artistic works
are valid rights regarding Art. 21 (1), 10 (1) of the PPR if they are titles in
respect of which a right is recognized or established by national and/or
Community law. There are only a few cases which dealt with distinctive
titles. In most of them the complainant or respondent had a registered
trademark with the same name as the distinctive title.

Relevant Decisions:
Koch Media GmbH v. Eijer Media, CAC 5351, <linerider.eu>, Transfer
The JRR Tolkien Estate Limited v. Haik Tonoyan, CAC 4158,
<silmarillion.eu>, Transfer
Dpartement des Hauts de Seine v. Tempus Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4204,
<92.eu>, Denial

Minority View: In one case the panel stated that titles which are a
generic term cannot be a valid right regarding Art. 21 (1) of the PPR.

Relevant Decisions:
Wydawnictwo Jezierski v. ukasz Pawlak, CAC 4996, <oferta.eu>, Denial

III. Identity or confusing similarity

1. What is the test for identity or confusing similarity, and can the
content of a website be relevant in determining this?

Consensus View: Among the panels it is consensus view that for
assessing identity or confusing similarity the .eu suffix has to be
disregarded. Concerning confusing similarity the panels review consist of
a comparison between the disputed domain name and the name for
which a right is recognized or established by national and/or Community
law.

Relevant Decisions:
Diners Club International Ltd. v. Christel Morsink, CAC 4244,
<dinerscard.eu>, Revocation
Romantik Hotels & Restaurants GmbH & Co KG v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd.,
CAC 5128, <romantik.eu>, Transfer
Diehl Stiftung & Co. KG v. H. Klomp, CAC 5824, <diehl.eu>, Transfer
Bayer AG v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4661, <bayergarden.eu>, Transfer

View 1: Some panels refuse to take anything else for their test but the
wording of the domain name and the relevant right.
Relevant Decisions:
Lehigh Basin, Ltd. v. Stuttgarter Messe- und Kongress GmbH, CAC 2791,
<messe-stuttgart.eu>, Transfer
Gailtaler Computerklinik, Markus Peter Jank v. Allianz AG - Group Legal
Services -, Allianz AG, CAC 3207, <allianz-online.eu>, Transfer

View 2: Other panel decisions include also the content of the website and
the goods for which the right is used to identify a confusing similarity.

Relevant Decisions:
Lexicon Media Ltd, Lexicon Media Ltd v. Fiere Internazionali di Bologna SPA
- in short BolognaFiere SPA, Dr. Alessandro Savoia, CAC 4261,
<MOTORSHOWBOLOGNAFIERE.eu>, Denied
Bernadette Selim Abou Zakhm v. Josef Bano CAC 4678, <Bano.eu>,
Transfer
UK Domain Developers, LTD - Web Master, Web Master v. SANOFI-
AVENTIS, Mrs. Bndicte SIRVEN, CAC 4819, <ambiencr.eu>,Transfer
Zheng Qingying v. DDR Museum Berlin GmbH, Robert Rckel, CAC 5094,
<ddr-museum.eu>, Transfer
Richard Anthony WINTER v. EDF, Roseline DESJUZEUR, CAC 4744, <edf-
uk.eu>, Transfer

2. Is a domain name consisting of a name in respect of which a right
is recognized or established by national and/or Community law and
a negative term confusingly similar to that name? (sucks cases)

The so called suck cases, in which domain names include a negative
prefix according to a special name or trademark, have been discussed by
the panel just in one case. In this one the confusing similarity was found.
However, the panel emphasized that every case has to be considered on
its own merits.

Relevant Decision:
Socit Air France v. Lexicon Media Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu>,
<airfrance-jp.eu>, Transfer

3. Is a domain name consisting of a name in respect of which a right
is recognized or established by national and/or Community law and
a generic, descriptive or geographical term confusingly similar to
that name?

Consensus View: Domain names which include a name for which a right
is recognized or established by national and/or Community law combined
with descriptive or generic terms are confusingly similar to that name,
especially in situation where the descriptive or generic terms describe the
goods and/or services or the right holder.

Relevant Decisions:
SYNERGIS v. OLYMPIAKOS SYNDESMOS FILATHLON PIRAEUS, CAC
4218, <olympiakos.eu>, Transfer,
CAC Overview
ibiz hosting, Tamer Nurgel v. Socit Air France, Jean-Marc BARDY, CAC
4645, <airfrance.eu>, Transfer
Monster Finance Limited, Rahat Kazmi v. Monster Worldwide Ireland
Limited, CAC 5376, <monsterfinance.eu>, Transfer
LTUR Tourismus AG v. Rcker, CAC 283, <lastminute.eu>, Denial
Avery Dennison Corporation v. Dotasterisk Ltd, CAC 5126,
<averygraphics.eu>, Transfer
hotel.be v. Internetportal und Marketing GmbH, CAC 3387, <hotel.eu>,
Transfer
Allianz AG v. Gailtaler Computerklinik, CAC 3207, <allianz-online.eu>,
Transfer

4. Is a domain name which contains a common or obvious
misspelling of a name in respect of which a right is recognized or
established by national and/or Community law (typosquatting)
confusingly similar to that name?

Consensus View: Domain names that contain obvious misspelling of
names to which right is recognized or established by national and/or
Community law are always confusingly similar to them. Ty32
posquatting is the baseline of confusion. Panels made clear that this
type of domain registrations is used in bad faith to cause that users were
led to a wrong site due to the similarity of the protected name and the
registered domain name.

Relevant Decisions:
Trhely.eu Kft. v. DiMa.hu Kft, CAC 5593, <trhely.eu>, Transfer
Arla Foods amba v. juulandersen.com, CAC 4917, <arlafood.eu>, Transfer
Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB v. Eva Povysilova, CAC 4539,
<sonyericson.eu>, Transfer

5. Can a domain name be found identical or confusingly similar to a
figurative or combined trademark?

Consensus View: Domain names cannot be identical to
figurative/combined trademarks as such trademarks can never be
identically reproduced in a domain name. Domain names can be
confusingly similar to figurative/combined trademarks. However, panels
take into account different circumstances in assessing if there is
confusing similarity. The domain name is confusingly similar to the
trademark if the word element is predominant, and can be clearly
separated from the device element. The domain name is not confusingly
similar to the trademark if the word element is purely descriptive or
combination of descriptive terms.

Relevant Decisions:
AIDA Cruises German Branch of Societ di Crociere Mercurio S.r.L. v.
Margarete Josten, CAC 5241, <aidatours.eu>, Transfer
LEGO Juris A/S v. Jeff Fidler, CAC 5957, <harrypotterlego.eu>, Denial
1&1 Internet AG v. Juan Antonio Moreno Delgado, CAC 6203,
<1and1miniweb.eu> Transfer
Nicolas De Borrekens v. Marcus F.M. Duncker, Joop Elzas, CAC 596,
<restaurants.eu> Transfer
British Swimming, Ashley Dominic Cox v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3499,
<britishswimming.eu> Revocation
Brand Scout GmbH v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4863, <babywell.eu> Transfer
Fiere Internazionali di Bologna SPA - in short BolognaFiere SPA, Dr.
Alessandro Savoia v. Lexicon Media Ltd, CAC 4261,
<motorshowbolognafiere.eu> Transfer

IV. Legitimate rights and interests of the respondent

1. Does a respondent automatically have rights or legitimate
interests in a domain name comprised of dictionary word(s)?

Consensus view: After a prima facie case made by the complainant
the respondent has to show rights or legitimate interests in the domain
name. The domain name will be transferred to the com33 plainant if the
respondent fails, even if a domain name in question is comprised of a
dictionary word or phrase. Important factors in this regard include pattern
of conduct of the respondent, fame of the trademark and whether the
domain name is used in its generic sense.

Relevant Decisions:
Noonan Services Group v. OEEO NETWORKS LIMITED, CAC 5578,
Balver Zinn Josef Jost GmbH & Co KG v. Felder GmbH, CAC 2648,
<balverzinn.eu>, Transfer
McClean Deutschland GmbH v. Fridtjof Voelkening, CAC 2818,
<mcclean.eu>, Transfer

2. Can a reseller of trademarked goods or services have rights or
legitimate interests in a domain name which contains such
trademark?

There is only one decision discussing the issue, therefore it is preliminary
to consider it a consensus view. The panel adopted a view a reseller or
distributor can make a bona fide offering of goods and services to have
rights or legitimate interests in the domain name. The requirements
include actual offering of the goods or services at issue, selling only
trademarked goods (so there is no use of the trademark to attract internet
users and then switch them to other goods), clearly disclosing the
registrants relationship to the trademark holder and not trying to corner
the market in domain names similar or identical to the trademark. A
reseller without authorization could also make a bona fide offering of
goods and services.

CAC Overview
Normally, pay-per-click websites do not fall within the bona fide offering
of goods and services because of taking unfair advantage of the value of
the trademark.

Relevant Decisions:
Lego Juris A/S v. Jeff Fidler, CAC 5957, <harrypotterlego.eu>, Denial

3. Does a respondents trademark corresponding to a disputed
domain name automatically generate rights or legitimate interests,
especially in circumstances where it was obviously applied for in
order to register the domain name?

Consensus view: Normally a registration of a trademark establishes
respondents rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name.
In cases where the overall circumstances demonstrated that such
trademark had been registered primarily to circumvent the application of
the PPR and the ADR Rules the panels declined to find respondents
rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name.

Relevant Decisions:
CINE CRAFT LTD. v. Traffic Web Holding B.V., CAC 4608, <private.eu>,
Transfer
Casual Male RBT LLC dba Rochester Big & Tall v. Rossie Ruben, CAC
4641, <casualmale.eu>, Transfer
ALIMA znakov potravina a.s. v. Perkins a.s., CAC 5633, <majolka.eu>,
Transfer

4. Is the complainant required to prove that the respondent lacks
rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name?

The overall burden of proof lies with the complainant. Cases have shown
that it is often impossible for a complainant to prove negative facts
because some required information is only within the knowledge of the
respondent. Therefore the complainant is only able to make a prima
facie case that the respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the
disputed domain name. The burden of proof shifts to the respondent
then. If the respondent fails to show evidence of rights or legitimate
interests it is deemed to have none. If the respondent demonstrates
evidence of rights or legitimate interests the panel weights all the
evidence. Nevertheless the general burden of proof always remains with
the complainant.

Relevant Decisions:
Salu Inc v. Aphrodite Ventures Limited, CAC 4440, <skinstore.eu>,
Revocation
Mller Ltd. & Co. KG v. Cervos Enterprises Ltd., CAC 1827, <mueller.eu>,
Transfer

5. To what extent is the national/community law relevant to a panel
assessment of rights and legitimate interests and/or bad faith?

Par. B 3 (b) (8) of the ADR rules provides that the panel can admit or ask
for, in its sole discretion, further statements or documents from either of
the parties in addition to the complaint and the response. The panels do
not seem to apply national law except for assessment if there is a right to
a name to which the domain name is identical or confusingly similar
(which must be recognized or established by national and/or Community
law). Nonetheless national law can be considered if the parties have the
same nationality or location and if it seems appropriate.

Relevant Decisions:
Dansk Internet Forum v. Zhonglan, CAC 1644, <dk-hostmaster.eu>, Transfer
Bernhard Bauer v. Dirk Pauwels, CAC 131, <minitec.eu>, Denial

6. Does failure of a respondent to respond to the complaint
(respondents default) automatically result in the complainant being
granted the requested remedy?

Consensus View: A respondents default does not automatically result in
a decision in favour of the complainant. The complainant has to establish
the elements required by Article 21 (1) of the PPR, therefore the
complainant has to support its assertions with actual evidence.
Nonetheless in the absence of the response the panels often regard
factual allegations which are not inherently implausible as being true and
consider the default of the respondent as an indication of the lack of
rights and legitimate interests, and/or of the bad faith of the respondent.
Nevertheless there must be some evidence presented by the
complainant.

Relevant Decisions:
E.T Browne (UK) Ltd. vs. Fienna Ltd., CAC 2235, <palmerscocoabutter.eu>,
Transfer
Fundus Hotelentwicklungs- und verwaltungsgmbH vs. Rene Herberg, CAC
2733, <hotel-adlon.eu>, Transfer
Mobitel EAD vs. SdrujenieAsotsiatsiya na potrebitelite na
telekommunikatsionniiinternetuslugi, CAC 5973, <mtelbg.eu>, Transfer
Manako Ltd. & Co KG vs. ZhengQingying, CAC 5903, <manako.eu>,
Transfer

7. Can a criticism site generate rights or legitimate interests in the

There have not been many decisions which discussed this problem yet.
In all cases the respondent did not respond and a right or legitimate
CAC Overview
interest was denied by the panel. In concrete, the allegedly criticism site
was not considered to generate legitimate interests in cases where it was
not used at all or where it was used to criticise the competitor in order to
gain its customers.

Relevant Decisions:
Socit Air France v. Lexicon Media, Ltd., CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu>
inter alia, Transfer
Vargardahus AB vs. MadelenFrihjelm, CAC 6020, <vargardahus.eu>,
Transfer

8. Can a fan site generate rights or legitimate interests in the

There is only one decision discussing the issue, therefore it is preliminary
to consider it a consensus view. The panel adopted a view which is held
also amongst UDRP panels: a fan website might generate legitimate
interests, as an expression of the human right of free speech, if the use of
the domain name is non-commercial and the website is in fact arranged
as a fan site. The last point may refer to considerations found within
UDRP, that fan sites have to be clearly distinctive from any official site.
Time will tell how will the .eu ADR panels deal with fan sites showing a
degree of incidental commercial activity since there are UDRP decisions
recognizing such activity as permissible under certain circumstances and
Art. 21 (2) of the PPR seems to permit more commercial interests than
UDRP (the requirement of "bona fide" for offering of goods or services
was dropped).

Relevant Decisions:
Henri-Lloyd Ltd. vs. MinisoftLda, CAC 2806, <henrilloyd.eu>, Transfer
FelaElektronik GmbH vs. Matthias Moench, CAC 3266 <Fela.eu>, Transfer

9. Do parking and landing pages or pay-per-click links generate
rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain name?

Consensus View: Use of a domain name to post parking pages or mere
pay-per-click links does not of itself confer rights or legitimate interests,
especially if links lead to websites of the right holders competitors.

Relevant Decisions:
ABAT AG vs. Georg Gottfried, CAC 3976, <abat.eu>, Transfer
Esprit Retail Wholesale GmbH vs. Max Kudrenko, CAC 3926, <esprit.eu>,
Transfer
Brand Scout GmbH vs. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4863, <babywell.eu>, Transfer
Mary Zeng vs. Enterprise Rent-a-Car UK, CAC 4337,
<ENTERPRISECARRENTAL>, Transfer
Ovidio Limited vs. Alexis Coussement Lumieres, CAC 3949, <ACL>,
Transfer

There are no decisions discussing landing pages yet.
10. Does so called "direct navigation" generate rights or legitimate
interests in the disputed domain name?

View 1: Many panels tend to consider direct navigation sites to generate
rights or legitimate interests if the chosen domain name has generic
character (it is consisting of dictionary or common words or phrases) and
the provided links are coherent and related to the generic meaning of the
domain name at issue. Last point divides direct navigation sites and mere
parking sites with pay-per-click revenue, which do not confer rights or
legitimate interest for themselves But in most cases where the
respondent claimed to run a direct navigation site the panel found that the
provided links weren't related to the meaning of the word/s that
constituted the domain name and/or the domain name was in fact parked.

Relevant Decisions:
Haji GmbH vs. Ovidio Ltd., CAC 2381, <haji.eu>, Transfer
Unibail Holding SA vs. Ovidio Ltd., CAC 2123, <unibail.eu>, Transfer
Alexis CoussementLumires vs. Ovidio Ltd., CAC 3949 <acl.eu>, Transfer

View 2: The use of a trademark as a domain name for a direct navigation
business cannot establish a right or legitimate interests, as it is
capitalization of the trademark value.

Relevant Decisions:
Tobias Grau GmbH vs. Mandarin & Pacific Services Ltd., CAC 4829
<tobiasgrau.eu> inter alia, Transfer

V. Bad faith

1. Which actions have to be done in bad faith? The registration or
the use of the domain name, or even both?

Consensus view: It is not necessary to prove both registration and use
in bad faith; it is sufficient if evidence illustrates one of the two elements
discussed in order to comply with article 21 (1) of the PPR.

Relevant Decisions:
Carrier SCS v. Kurt Janusch, CAC 1901, <carrier.eu>, Transfer
Socit Air France v. Lexicon Media, CAC 4141, <airfrancesucks.eu>,
Transfer
ISOBAR COMMUNICATIONS B.V. v. Y-6 Ltd, CAC 4127, <iprospect.eu>,
Transfer
Topreality.sk s.r.o. v. Pavel imon, CAC 6049, <topreality.eu>, Transfer

CAC Overview
2. Can bad faith in registering the domain name be found if the
domain name was registered or used before trademark was
registered or before unregistered trademark rights were acquired?

Bad faith in registering the domain name can be found if the changing of
registration counts as fresh registration and if a trademark was not
registered by the complainant but used in trademark sense and the
respondent was aware and wanted to take advantage of it. It is difficult to
establish bad faith in circumstances where the respondents registration
of the disputed domain name actually pre-dates the registration of the
trademark rights relied upon by the complainant. Bad faith is likely if the
respondent has registered the disputed domain name in anticipation that
the complainant may wish to secure the disputed domain name.
However, if the respondent could not have been aware of yet not even
existing trademark rights there can be no bad faith. This is also the case
if no evidence of prior rights exists.

Relevant Decisions:
Jager & Polacek GmbH v. Redtube, CAC 5891, <redtube.eu>, Transfer
MONTES DE PIEDAD Y CAJA DE AHORROS DE RONDA v. interdominios,
CAC 5527, <unicajasur.eu>, Transfer
Nordic Naturals v. UK DOMAIN DEVELOPERS LTD, CAC 5379,
<nordicnaturals.eu>, Revocation
Contrinex GmbH v. Martin Writh, CAC 3044, <contrinex.eu>, Denial

3. Can there be use in bad faith when the domain name is not
actively used (passive holding)?

Panels decisions have not been unanimous. Most panels think of non-
use as of a proof of bad faith. It is discussed, however, whether non-use
alone is enough to prove bad faith or if it only indicates bad faith. The
presence of static web pages does not constitute sufficient use of a
domain. If the respondent wants to show the use of his domain, at least
serious preparation before the beginning of the proceeding is needed.

Relevant Decisions:
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd v. Mr. Luigi Silvestri, CAC 5831, <abbgroup.eu>,
Transfer
Inbokss SIA v. Worldwide Brands BVBA, CAC 5892, <inbox.eu>, Transfer
Groupe Partouche v. J.P. Klomp, CAC 5901, <partouche.eu>, Transfer
Enags S.A v. SIA Zirafe L, CAC 5755, <enagas.eu>, Transfer
Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A v. ZHENG QINGYING, CAC 5374, <carive.eu>,
Transfer
Network Solutions Europe v. BSYS bvba, CAC 5333, <netsol.eu>,
Revocation
Ferriera Valsabbia SpA. v. Lexicon Media Ltd., CAC 5250, <ferriera-
valsabbia.eu>, Transfer
W. P. Carey v. cc, jm , CAC 4882, <wpcarey.eu>, Revocation
Brand Scout GmbH v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4863, <babywell.eu>, Transfer
Interactive Brokers (U.K.) Ltd v. Georg Gottfried, CAC 4438, <interactive-
brokers.eu>, Transfer
Murer + Wirtz GmbH & Co. KG v. Fienna.com, CAC 4410 <4711.eu>,
Transfer
Cork City Council v. Traffic Web Holding B.V., CAC 3230, <cork.eu>,
Transfer
Walter Kraus GmbH v. Kraus GmbH, CAC 5797, <kraus.eu>, Transfer
AXA v. Sylux Sylwester Domitrz, CAC 5544, <axabank.eu>, Transfer
CharterLine Fuhrpark-Service GmbH v. Fienna.com, CAC 4949,
Transfer
Stadt Koeln v. Tempus Enterprises Ltd., CAC 2781, <koeln2010.eu>,
Transfer
Precitec KG v. Precitec B.V., CAC 5266, <precitec.eu>, Denial

It is also discussed whether the use of a domain for the purpose of
sending and receiving emails is sufficient. Most panels concluded that the
use of a domain name for email correspondence may constitute relevant
use of the domain name, however, emails must be proven - the mere
reference to general, abstract data like the number of emails sent and
received is not sufficient.

Relevant Decisions:
Hoefer & Partner Patentanwlte Partnerschaftsgesellschaft v. Thomas
Hoefer, CAC 5482, <hoefer.eu>, Denial
Boltze Gruppe GmbH v. Birgit Boltze, CAC 5231, <boltze.eu>, Transfer

Non-use for at least two years from the date of registration is mostly seen
as proof of bad faith, while other panels consider it to be only an
indication for bad faith. The inconsistency of decisions is supported by
the inconsistency in the specific language versions of the PPR while
some language versions (e.g. German) say that in case of nonuse for two
years the bad faith is demonstrated, others (e.g. English and French)
say that it may be demonstrated.

Relevant Decisions:
Nobilia-Werke J. Stickling GmbH & Co. KG v. Aristides Safarikas, CAC 5450,
<nobilia.eu>, Denial
Precitec KG v. Precitec B.V., CAC 5266, <precitec.eu>, Denial
Transfer

4. Can constructive notice, or a finding that a respondent knew or
should have known about a trademark, or wilful blindness, form a
basis for finding bad faith?

Consensus view: A situation in which the respondent could or must
have known of the facts is enough to indicate bad faith. This is especially
CAC Overview
the case if the respondent is a customer or a competitor of the
complainant or if he uses systematic domain registrations (domain
grabbing). If a non-generic term is used as domain name which is unlikely
to have been registered by chance, this usually proves bad faith.
Therefore, using a generic term as domain name supports the
assumption of good faith. The registration of generic names which are
economically highly interesting cannot be itself an indication of bad faith
but the facts are different if there is a pattern of conduct.

Relevant Decisions:
Alterian Technology Limited v. Paul McGowan, CAC 4296, <alterian.eu>,
Transfer
Schaeffler KG v. Cervos Enterprises LTD, CAC 3557, <fag.eu>, Transfer
Kocian Solc Balastik v. Andreas Constantinou, CAC 1584, <ksb.eu>,
Transfer
Creative Supportgroup BV v. DD GmbH, CAC 2048, <escort-date.eu>,
Denial
Memorex Products Europe Limited v. Goallvover Limited, CAC 1196,
Sligro Food Group Nederland B.V. v. W. Schuurman, CAC 5396, <sligro.eu>,
Transfer
Wildbore & Gibbons v. Giedrius Mazurka, CAC 2695, <bunac.eu>, Transfer
HORMEL FOODS CORPORATION v. Markus Koettl, CAC 568, <spam.eu>,
Transfer
OLYMPIAKOS SYNDESMOS FILATHLON PIRAEUS P.A.E. v. SYNERGIS
Maciej Przywara, CAC 4218, <olympiakos.eu>, Transfer
AVAST Software a.s. v. Avira GmbH, CAC 5739, <avast.eu>, Transfer

If the complainant is well known and Google search reveals links that
relate to him, or the complainant has a long standing history and
reputation in a name, this so called wilful blindness constitutes bad faith.
Before paying registration fees, the respondent is able to enter the
relevant domain name into a search engine and thereby become aware
of existing rights, except of cases where large numbers of domain names
are registered simultaneously. Another indication is the use of popularity
to gain more traffic.

Relevant Decisions:
Formula One Licensing BV v. RoosIT, CAC 2955, <f1.eu>, Transfer
New York University in France v. Vinitsia, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer
Carrier SCS v. Kurt Janusch, CAC 1901, <carrier.eu>, Transfer
Socit Air France v. Lehigh Basin, CAC 4318, <e-airfrance.eu>, Transfer
Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB v. B-D-S, CAC 4423, <sony-
ericsson.eu>, Transfer
Wildbore & Gibbons v. Giedrius Mazurka, CAC 2695, <bunac.eu>, Transfer
eprimo GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5384, <eprimo.eu>, Transfer
SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG v. Baris Dienstverlening, CAC 5380,
<syngentaseeds.eu>, Revocation
ACCOR S.A. v. A1Domains, CAC 5167, <formule1-hotel.eu>, Transfer
Medtronic BV v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4497, <medtronic.eu>,
Transfer
Sampo Oyj v. Pillerbi OY, CAC 5293, <sampolife.eu>, Transfer
Red Hat GmbH v. erase, CAC 4749, <jboss.eu>, Transfer
Fiere Internazionali di Bologna SPA v. Midweb S.R.L., CAC 4362,
<fieradibologna.eu>, Transfer
Murer + Wirtz GmbH & Co. KG v. Fienna.com, CAC 4410, <4711.eu>,
Transfer
CONSEJERA DE SANIDAD DE LA COMUNIDAD DE MADRID v. DOMAIN
HANDLER, CAC 5299, <saludmadrid.eu>, Transfer
City Inn Limited v. World Online Endeavours, CAC 3396, <citycafe.eu>,
Denial
Turkcell Iletisim Hizmetleri AS v. dilek TANIK, CAC 5837, <turkcell.eu>,
Transfer
SALOMON S.A. v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 4269, <salomonsports.eu>, Transfer
LEGUIDE.COM SA v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2651, <antag.eu>, Transfer
Socit Air France v. ibiz hosting, CAC 4645, <airfranceonline.eu>, Transfer
Fontanaarte S.p.A. v. Hoogspoor B.V., CAC 4850, <fontanaarte.eu>,
Transfer
Alterian Technology Limited v. Paul McGowan, CAC 4296, <alterian.eu>,
Transfer
Labco SAS v. Qingying Zheng, CAC 4410 4711, 4880, <labco.eu>, Transfer

5. Can statements made in settlement discussions be relevant to
showing bad faith?

Every statement in the discussion can be relevant to constitute bad faith.
Even the absence of a response from the respondent, might be an
indication of the respondents bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:
AOL UK v. Name Battery Limited, CAC 4039, <aolmail.eu>, Transfer
ISOBAR COMMUNICATIONS B.V. v. Y-6 Ltd., CAC 4127, <iprospect.eu>,
Transfer
Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB v. B-D-S, CAC 4423, <sony-
ericsson.eu>, Transfer
Avery Dennison Corporation v. Dotasterisk Ltd., CAC 5126,
New York University in France v. Vinitsia, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer

If the respondent cannot be reached and the addresses declared in its
domain name application appear to be false, it might be an indication of
bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:
Socit Air France v. Lehigh Basin, CAC 4318, <e-airfrance.eu>, Transfer
Point of Sports GmbH v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 4881, <jetpilot.eu>, Transfer
CAC Overview
6. Does an offer to sell a domain constitute bad faith?

An offer to sell is not necessarily a proof for bad faith, but can be an
indication of bad faith combined with other circumstances of bad faith,
e.g. the lack of use of the disputed domain name.

Relevant Decisions:
Jager & Polacek GmbH v. Redtube, CAC 5891, <redtube.eu>, Transfer
My Home Limited v. My Home S.A., CAC 4560, <myhome.eu>, Denial
Reale Mutua Assicurazioni v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4517, <realemutua.eu>,
Transfer
CENTRAL UNION OF MUNICIPALITIES AND COMMUNITIES OF GREECE
v. ZHENG QINGYING, CAC 5282, <kedke.eu>, Denial
SECURITY-CENTER GmbH & Co KG v. Security Center Rotterdam B.V.,
CAC 4048, <securitycenter.eu>, Denial
<7forallmankind.eu>, Revocation
Google Ireland v. Stefan Kraayema, CAC 3292, <egoogle.eu>, Transfer

To be considered a proof, there must be a primary intention to sell,
though primary does not mean exclusive.

Relevant Decisions:
Dansk Internet Forum v. Zhonglan, CAC 1644, <dk-hostmaster.eu>, Transfer
SECURITY-CENTER GmbH & Co KG v. Security Center Rotterdam B.V.,
CAC 4048, <securitycenter.eu>, Denial
Dayco Europe S.r.L. v. Titan MPA Ltd., CAC 5648, <dayco.eu>, Transfer &
Revocation
Discover Financial Services Ltd. v. Dinerscards Ltd., CAC 5646,
Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A. v. ZHENG QINGYING, CAC 5374, <carive.eu>,
Transfer
Deutsche Telekom AG v. Citrusnet, CAC 5347, <telekom24.eu>, Transfer
Romantik Hotels & Restaurants GmbH & Co KG v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd.,
CAC 5128, <romantik.eu>, Transfer
CITY BKK Krperschaft des ffentlichen Rechts v. Marnix Brands, CAC
4590, <citybkk.eu>, Transfer

Could the behaviour of the respondent be seen as domain trading, this
constitutes bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:
Sport1 GmbH v Khay Haong, CAC 3108, <sport1.eu>, Transfer
BORMIOLI ROCCO E FIGLIO SPA v. Inames UK, CAC 4049,
<bormiolirocco.eu>, Transfer
Medtronic BV v. Kausani Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4497, <medtronic.eu>,
Transfer
Camlock Systems Limited v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4515, <camlock.eu>,
Transfer
Bayer AG v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4661, <bayergarden.eu>, Transfer
tekom Gesellschaft fr technische Kommunikation e. V. v. Kausani
Enterprises Ltd., CAC 4735, <tekom.eu>, Transfer
J.S. Staedtler GmbH & Co. KG v. David Fishman, CAC 2727, <staedtler.eu>,
Transfer

7. Is there a need to show bad faith if there is no legitimate interest?

If there is no legitimate interest, there is no need for the complainant to
prove bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:
ANDREAS I. KANNAS & SONS LIMITED v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 5941,
<kannas.eu>, Transfer
PARTSLIFE GmbH v. Mandarin & Pacific Services Ltd., CAC 5149,
<partslife.eu>, Transfer
luc bertrand v. pcl, CAC 4249, <utbm.eu>, Transfer
Trhely.eu Kft. v. DiMa.hu Kft, CAC 5593, <trhely.eu>, Transfer
Casual Male RBT LLC dba Rochester Big & Tall v. Rossie Ruben, CAC
4641, <casualmale.eu>, Transfer

Moreover, the registration of a domain name identical or confusingly
similar to a famous trade mark without legitimate interest or a right in the
name constitutes a strong presumption of bad faith.

Relevant Decision:

8. Are there other indications of bad faith besides those listed in Art.
21 (3) of the PPR?

Consensus view: The list contained in Article 21 (3) of the PPR is not
exhaustive. Therefore, panels have also considered following
circumstances as evidence of bad faith in registration and/or use:

behaviour could be considered as a strong evidence for bad faith.

Relevant Decision:
Merck Sant v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3773, <monot.eu>, Transfer

CAC Overview
holder from reflecting its name in a corresponding domain name, or
disruption of the professional activities of a competitor, and therefore is
an indication of bad faith.

on-going proceedings,
abuses the proceeding or he is undermining the principles of the .eu
domain.

Relevant Decisions:
SCOTCH & SODA B.V. v. S&S Piotr Szlegiel, CAC 5529, <soda-brand.eu>,
Transfer
MONTES DE PIEDAD Y CAJA DE AHORROS DE RONDA v. interdominios,
CAC 5527, <unicarjasur.eu>, Transfer
CENTRAL UNION OF MUNICIPALITIES AND COMMUNITIES OF GREECE
v. ZHENG QINGYING, CAC 5282, <kedke.eu>, Denial
Levantur S.A. v. Kamil Grabarczyk, CAC 5065, <bahiaprincipe.eu>, Transfer
General Electric Company v. SNNS Ltd., CAC 5009, <gesolar.eu>,
Revocation
Ericpol Telecom sp. z o.o. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 2429, <ericpol.eu>,
Transfer
Alexis Coussement Lumires v. Ovidio Limited, CAC 3949, <acl.eu>,
Transfer
OSRAM GmbH v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4309, <osram-os.eu>, Transfer
ARBONNE INTERNATIONAL v. WorldOnlineEndeavours.com, CAC 4895,
<arbonne.eu>, Revocation
August Storck KG v. World Online Endeavours Ltd., CAC 4336, <nimm2-
lachgummi.eu>, Transfer
Point of Sports GmbH v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 4881, <jetpilot.eu>, Transfer
Euro Suisse International Ltd v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 3024, <binatone.eu>,
Denial
Edscha AG v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 3149, <edscha.eu>, Transfer
Pharma Medico UK Ltd. v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 1412, <nourkrin.eu>, Transfer
Kemet International Limited v. Vinitsia Ltd., CAC 1304, <kemet.eu>, Transfer
Salu Inc v. Aphrodite Ventures Limited, CAC 4440, <skinstore.eu>,
Revocation

rights and/or legitimate interest in the name, e.g. the domain name is the
respondents trade name.

Relevant Decisions:
HMA Interdesign v. De Stichting Eerlijk Delen, CAC 1795, <desede.eu>,
Rejection
Aleid Belksma-Koopmans v. Traffic Web Holding BV, CAC 306,
<mediation.eu>, Denial
registration for the purpose of gaining profit is indicated if sponsored
links are posted on the website or if the respondent is receiving pay-per-
click-fees. Registration for the purpose of gaining profit can be an
indication of bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:
TARKETT SAS v. REZEPT LTD., CAC 4052, <tarkett-commercial.eu>,
Transfer
<7forallmankind.eu>; Revocation
BORMIOLI ROCCOE FIGLIO SPA v. Inames UK, CAC 4049,
<bormiolirocco.eu>, Transfer
Labco SAS v. Qingying Zheng, CAC 4880, <labco.eu>, Transfer
New York University in France v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer
Zott GmbH & Co. KG v. Victor Somov, CAC 5468, <zott-sale.eu>, Transfer

impression that he is affiliated with the complainant or wants to profit of
the confusion of their products. Also, the content of the domain can be
relevant for the panels.

competitors, such behaviour can be seen as evidence of bad faith.

Relevant Decisions:
AVAST Software a.s. v. Avira GmbH, CAC 5739, <avast.eu>, Transfer
SCOTCH & SODA B.V. v. S&S Piotr Szlegiel, CAC 5529, <soda-brand.eu>,
Transfer
Populair A/S v. Jacobus van Hintum, CAC 5683, <pandoracharms.eu>,
Transfer
Balver Zinn Josef Jost GmbH & Co KG v. Felder GmbH, CAC 2648, <balver-
zinn.eu>, Transfer
GASTRO JOBS EDV-Dienstleistungen GmbH v. Manfred Theis, CAC 1693,
<gastrojobs.eu>, Transfer
AIDA Cruises German Branch of Societ di Crociere Mercurio S.r.L. v.
Florian Hitzelberger, CAC 5247, <aidakreuzfahrten.eu>, Transfer
ORIEME ITALIA S.p.A. v. ICRON SERVICES LTD, CAC 5844, <orieme.eu>,
Transfer
Avery Dennison Corporation v. Dotasterisk Ltd, CAC 5126,
Korn/Ferry International Corporation v. Aphrodite Ventures Limited, CAC
4843, <kornferry.eu>, Revocation

f the PPR may
be indicated by the volume of the respondents domain name
registrations. This is the case if the respondent registered a large number
of domain names corresponding to trade marks.

CAC Overview
Relevant Decisions:
Reale Mutua Assicurazioni v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4517, <realemutua.eu>,
Transfer
New York University in France v. Vinitsia Ltd, CAC 4925, <nyu.eu>, Transfer
Fundaci Esade v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3641, <esade.eu>, Transfer
FGSPORT S.r.l. v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3885, <worldsbk.eu>, Transfer
Merck Sant v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 3773, <monot.eu>, Transfer
Camlock Systems Limited v. Zheng Qingying, CAC 4515, <camlock.eu>,
Transfer
SANOFI-AVENTIS v. DE JONG M., CAC 4132, <acompliaoriginal.eu>,
Transfer
HORMEL FOODS CORPORATION v. Markus Koettl, CAC 568, <spam.eu>,
Transfer

VI. DECISIONS ON .EU: JUNE 2007
THROUGH JULY 2013 CATEGORIZATION
MARIE-EMMANUELLE HAAS
.EU DECISIONS
DECISIONS ON .EU: JUNE 2007 THROUGH JULY 2013

CATEGORIZATION OF THE DECISIONS THAT HAVE BEEN
COMMENTED UPON IN THE FRENCH LAW REVIEW
PROPRIETE INDUSTRIELLE EDITED BY LEXIS-NEXIS

BY
MARIE-EMMANUELLE HAAS, ATTORNEY AT LAW (PARIS BAR)

The categorized decisions have all been administered by the Czech
Arbitration Court (CAC), which is in charge of the Alternative Dispute
Resolution (ADR) for .eu domain name disputes. The cited decisions
have been commented before in French in the Law review Proprit
Industrielle. Therefore, the categorization comprises the original French
title, together with its translation into English and the references of the
publication : Questions de procdure et plainte au nom dune entit
amricaine / Issues on the procedure and complaint filed by an
American entity (Proprit Industrielle, June 2008, alert 100).

SUMMARY

1. Eligibility rules

1.1. Eligibility criteria (Regulation CE n 733/2002, art. 4.2 b i)

1.2. Revocation (Regulation CE 874/2004, art 22.11)

1.3. Complaint filed against Eurid if the registration does not
comply with the eligibility rules ( Regulation CE n 733/2002,
art. 4.2 d) and Regulation CE 874/2004, art 22.1 b))

1.4. Complaint filed by the licensee (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art
. 21.1 and Art. 10.1)

2. Complainants rights (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 22)

2.1 Rights recognised or established by national and/or
Community Law (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10.1 and Art
21.1)
2.2 Generic terms (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10.1)
2.3 Geographical terms (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10)
3. Comparison between signs and identity or likelihood of confusion
(Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 21.1)
3.1 Generic terms added to a protected name (Regulation CE
874/2004, Art 10 and Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 21.1)
4. Legitimate rights and interest of the Respondent (Regulation CE
874/2004, Art 21.1 (a) and Art. 21.2)
5. Bad faith registration or use (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.1. b
and 21.3)
5.1 Circumstances indicating bad faith registration or acquisition
(Regulation CE 874/2004 21.3 a)
5.1.1.1 Bad faith use and offer of the domain name for sale
(Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.3 a)

5.1.1.2 Registration of the disputed domain name after a
merger

5.2 Demonstration of a pattern of conduct by the registrant
(Regulation CE 874/2004, Art. 21.3 b) i)
5.3 Non-use for 2 years (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art. 21.3 b) ii)
5.4 Use to attract and divert Internet users (Regulation CE
874/2004 Art. 21.3 d)
5.5 Current practices (Regulation CE 874/2004 art 21.3)
5.5.1 Bath faith and parking websites

5.5.2 Bad faith and passive holding

5.6 Bad faith use and modification of the use between the cease
and desist letter and the complaint

5.7 Bad faith and use as an email address
6. Procedure

6.1 Right to file a complaint
6.2 Deadline for the response (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art
22.8), competent Court to challenge the decision (Regulation
CE 874/2004 Art 22.13)
6.3 The conduct of the ADR Proceeding shall not be prejudiced
by any court proceeding, subject to Paragraph A4(c) above.
The Panel shall terminate the ADR Proceeding if it becomes
aware that the dispute that is the subject of the Complaint
has been finally decided by a court of competent jurisdiction
or an alternative dispute resolution body (Regulation CE
733/2002 art.4 d)
.EU DECISIONS
6.4 Language of proceedings (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art.
22.4)
6.5 Burden of proof and investigation power of the Panel (ADR
Rules, par. B.7)

7. Complaint (ADR Rules, par. B.1 and B.7)


.EU DECISIONS
1. Eligibility rules

1.1 Eligibility criteria (Regulation CE n 733/2002, art. 4.2 b i)

There must be an undertaking having its registered office, central
administration or principal place of business within the
Community .

- Questions de procdure et plainte au nom dune entit
amricaine / Issues on the procedure and complaint filed by an
American entity (Proprit Industrielle, June 2008, alert 100)
Transfer to the European branch of the American company.
<catalinamarketing.eu>, Catalina Marketing Corporation c/ Iwebment
Media Limited, 08/04/2008, CAC 04760

1.2 Revocation (Regulation CE 874/2004, art 22.11)

If the complainant does not comply with the eligibility rules, it can
only request the revocation of the domain name and not the
transfer.

- La condition dligibilit pour le transfert. Rvocation du nom de
domaine / Eligibility rules and transfer. Revocation of the domain
name (Proprit Industrielle, February 2009, alert 27)
<lunesta.eu>, Sepracor Inc. c/ A. A., 22/12/2008, CAC 05174

- Recevabilit de la demande de rvocation dune socit trangre
lUnion europenne / Admissibility of the request for revocation filed
by a non-European company (Proprit Industrielle, May 2009, alert
73)
<westat.eu>, Westat Inc. c/ MyInternet Media Ltd. 23/03/2009, CAC
05325

- Action en rvocation dune socit amricaine contre un ancien
distributeur. Preuve / Revocation request filed by an American
company against a former reseller (Proprit Industrielle, September
2010, alert 90)
<kgindustries.eu>, KG Industries LLC c/ KG Industries, 27/05/2010, CAC
05572

- Rvocation du nom de domaine antrieur la marque. Critre de
lusage lgitime, non-commercial et correct Eligibilit / Revocation of
a domain name prior to a trademark. Criteria of the legitimate, non-
commercial or fair use (Proprit Industrielle, January 2010, alert 7)
<nordicnaturals.eu>, Nordic Naturals c/ U. K. Domain Developers LTD,
05/11/2009, CAC 05379

- Rvocation du nom de domaine compos du patronyme dun
rsident aux Etats-Unis, non ligible au .eu / Revocation of a domain
name composed of a surname of a person domiciled in the United States,
who is not eligible to a .eu domain name (Proprit Industrielle, octobre
2013, alert 73)
<richard-bertossa.eu>, Richard Bertossa c/ Private Registration,
22/07/2013, CAC 06423

1.3 Complaint filed against Eurid if the registration does not
comply with the eligibility rules ( Regulation CE n 733/2002,
art. 4.2 d) and Regulation CE 874/2004, art 22.1 b))

- Pouvoir denqute de lexpert et ligibilit / Investigating power
of the Panellist and eligibility (Proprit Industrielle, November 2009,
alert 146)
<alphonseleduc.eu>, Alphonse Leduc Editions Musicales SARL, Leduc c/
Thompson Edition, Inc., 11/08/2009, CAC 05419

1.4 Complaint filed by the licensee (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art .
21.1 and Art. 10.1)

- Action du requrant licenci de la marque et mauvaise foi /
Complaint filed by the trademark licensee and bad faith (Proprit
Industrielle, September 2007, alert 111)
<enterprisecarrental.eu>, Enterprise Rent a Car c/ Mary Zeng,
04/06/2004, CAC 04337

- Action conjointe du titulaire et du licenci, transfert au licenci
europen / Joint complaint filed by the trademark owner and the
licensee, transfer to the benefit of the European licensee (Proprit
Industrielle, July/August 2008, alert 120)
<jetpilot.eu>, Point of Sports GmbH, n/a c/ Vinitsia Ltd., n/a, 29/04/2008,
CAC 04881 <labiosthetique>, Laboratoire Biosthtique Kosmetik GmbH
& CO c/ Q.Z., 09/05/2008, CAC 04859.

- Charge de la preuve. Eligibilit. Transfert au licenci exclusif
europen / Burden of proof. Eligibility. Transfer to the European
exclusive licensee (Proprit Industrielle, December 2008, alert 185)
<jibbitz.eu>, Crocs Europe B. V. c/ Jibbitz France, 05/05/2008, CAC
05039

- Action du licenci de la marque. La preuve de la qualit de licenci
est libre / Complaint filed by the licensee. The quality of licensee may
be proven by any means (Proprit Industrielle, September 2009, alert
118)
<monsterfinance.eu>, Monster Worldwide Ireland Ltd. c/ Monster Finance
Ltd. 17/06/2009, CAC 05376

.EU DECISIONS
- Action du licenci exclusif, site de tlchargement illgal au nom de
la marque / Complaint filed by the licensee, illegal downloading site
using the name of the mark (Proprit Industrielle, March 2010, alert
33)
<linerider.eu>, Koch Media GmbH c/ Eijer Media CAC 05351

- Pas de forclusion par tolrance. Charge de la preuve / No
foreclosure by tolerance. Burden of proof (Proprit Industrielle,
September 2010, alert 89)
<dinerscards.eu>, Discover Financial Services (UK) Limited, C. B. c/
Dinerscards Ltd. 23/05/2010, CAC 05646

- La protection dun sigle dans le domaine de la finance et le
transfert au licenci / Protection of acronyms in the financial field and
transfer to the licensee (Proprit Industrielle, October 2010, alert 97)
<gecredit.eu>, General Electric Company, GE Capital EMEA Services
Limited c/ GeCredit Group, O. E., 30/07/2010, CAC 05681

- Plainte du licenci europen dun titulaire de marquee non
europen / Complaint filed by the European licensee of a non-
European trademark owner (Proprit Industrielle, June 2013, alert 44)
<bac.eu>, Baltimore Aircoil International nv, L. R. V. c/ Domain Manager
Limited, 21/03/2013,CAC 06400

- Action conjointe du titulaire et du licenci, transfert au licenci
europen / Joint complaint filed by the trademark owner and the
licensee, transfer to the benefit of the European licensee (Proprit
<roundupready.eu>, Monsanto Technology LLC, Monsanto UK Limited c/
Zhoujingjing, Zhou Jingjing, 07/05/2013, CAC 06417

2. Complainants rights (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 22)

2.1 Rights recognised or established by national and/or
Community Law (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10.1 and Art
21.1)

- Groupes internationaux : action dune entit britannique et marque
dusage / International groups: complaint filed by a British entity and
marks protection based on use (Proprit Industrielle, October 2007,
alert 130)
<adina.eu>, Socit Adina Europe Limited c/ Fienna.com, 28/08/2007,
CAC 04562

- Pas de droit antrieur sur un terme gnrique inclus dans des
marques semi-figuratives ou sur un nom de domaine en .pl / No prior
right on a generic term included in semi-figurative trademarks or in a .pl
domain name (Proprit Industrielle, October 2008, alert 153)
<oferta.eu>, T. L. c/ L. P., 15/06/2008, CAC 04996

- Droit reconnu par le droit national britannique. Whois : donnes
fantaisistes / Right recognised by national British law. Whois: fanciful
data (Proprit Industrielle, December 2008, alert 186)
<byronadvertising.eu>, Byron Publicity Limited, Byron Publicity c/ O. F.,
20/10/2008, CAC 05118

- Nom de domaine et preuve dun droit reconnu ou tabli par le droit
national et/ou communautaire / Domain name and proof of a right
recognised by national and/or Community law (Proprit Industrielle,
February 2009, alert 25)
<amx.eu>, AMX (UK) Ltd., Steven John Harrison c/ H. K., 05/08/2008,
CAC 05165

- Dnomination sociale italienne. Absence de rponse la plainte et
acquiescement. Pouvoir denqute de lexpert / Italian company
name. No response to the complaint and tolerance; panellists right to
investigate (Proprit Industrielle, March 2012, alert 19)
<euroclima.eu>, Euroclima S. P. A. c/ World Online Endeavours Ltd.,
20/01/2012, CAC 06139

- Droit antrieur. Marque australienne / Prior right. Australian
trademark (Proprit Industrielle, April 2013, alert 29)
<recovermyfiles.eu>, GetData Pty Ltd, Graham Henley c/ Recover my
files Co. Ltd., Matthew Settles, 20/12/2012, CAC 06343

2.2 Generic terms (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10.1)

- Marque semi-figurative faiblement distinctive et droit antrieur /
Semi-figurative weakly distinctive trademark and prior right (Proprit
Industrielle, June 2008, alert 99)
<babywell.eu>, Brand Scout GmbH c/ G. G., 27/03/2008, CAC 04863

- Pas de droit antrieur sur un terme gnrique inclus dans des
marques semi-figuratives ou sur un nom de domaine en .pl / No prior
right on a generic term included in semi-figurative trademarks or in a .pl
domain name (Proprit Industrielle, October 2008, alert 153)
<oferta.eu>, T. L. c/ L. P., 15/06/2008, CAC 04996

- Emirates : nom gnrique ou marque notoire / Emirates :
generic term or well-known trademark (Proprit Industrielle, November
2009, alert 147)
<emirates.eu>, Emirates (A Duba Corporation) c/ S. R. B., 22/08/2009,
CAC 05405

.EU DECISIONS
- Marque non utilise depuis 2002, dnomination peu distinctive,
charge de la preuve : rejet de la plainte / Trademark not used since
2002, weakly distinctive denomination, burden of proof : complaint
rejected (Proprit Industrielle, May 2010, alert 57)
<europay.eu>, MasterCard Europe SPRL c/ L. S. 11/02/2010, CAC
05543

- Nom de domaine descriptif : rejet de la plainte / Non distinctive
domain name: complaint rejected (Proprit Industrielle, October 2011,
alert 77)
<escort-date.eu>, Creativ Supportgroup BV c/ DD GmbH, 28/06/2011,
CAC 02048

- Procdure ADR et termes gnriques / ADR procedure and
generic terms (Proprit Industrielle, November 2007, alert 151)
<emprunt.eu> et <placement.eu>, D. Motte c/ Ovidio Limited,
20/09/2007, CAC 04526

- Libre concurrence et termes gnriques / Free competition and
generic terms (Proprit Industrielle, February 2008, alert 24)
<booking.eu>, Booking.com B. V. and Bookings S.A.S. c/ D. G. I.,
19/12/2007, CAC 04687

- Le dbat sur lusage srieux et sur labsence de protection des
termes descriptifs / Debate on genuine use and lack of protection of
descriptive terms (Proprit Industrielle, March 2008, alert 42)
<motorshowbolognafiere.eu>, Fiere Internazionali di Bologna S. P. A. c/
Lexicon Media Ltd. 17/01/2008, CAC 04261

- Nom gnrique et mauvaise foi / Generic term and bad faith
(Proprit Industrielle, December 2008, alert 187)
<romantik.eu>, Romantik Hotels & Restaurants GmbH & Co KG c/
Kausani Enterprises Ltd., 21/10/2008, CAC 05128

- Terme du dictionnaire. Enregistrement automatis suite retombe
dans le domaine public et remise en vente. Absence de droit ou dintrt
lgitime / Term in the dictionary. Automatized registration pursuant to
the radiation and offer for sale. Lack of right or legitimate interest
(Proprit Industrielle, September 2012, alert 57)
<remarkable.eu>, M. J. c/ Remarkable Europe, 09/04/2012, CAC 06199

2.3 Geographical terms (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 10)

- Convoitises sur les noms gographiques / Coveted
geographical names (Proprit Industrielle, February 2008, alert 23)
<davos.eu>, ISI Service GmbH c/ H. Klomp, 10/12/2007, CAC 04646

- Nom de pays : quelle protection pour lancienne DDR ? /
Country names: what protection for the former DDR ? (Proprit
Industrielle, November 2008, alert 170)
<ddr-museum.eu>, DDR Museum Berlin GmbH c/ Z. Q. 04/09/2008, CAC
05094

3. Comparison between signs and identity or likelihood of
confusion (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 21.1)

3.1 Generic terms added to a protected name (Regulation CE
874/2004, Art 10 and Regulation CE 874/2004, Art 21.1)

- Sigle GLS dune socit allemande suivi de termes descriptifs
allemands / GLS, name of a German company, associated with
German descriptive terms (Proprit Industrielle, March 2008, alert 41)
<gls-bank.eu>, <gls-gemeinschaftsbank.eu> et <glstreuhand.eu>, GLS
Gemeinschaftsbank eG c/ Z. Q. , 04/01/2008, CAC 04656

- Reprise de la marque associe la dsignation dun produit /
Name of the product added to the trademark (Proprit Industrielle,
April 2009, alert 58)
<chupachupswatches.eu>, Perfetti Van Melle SpA c/ MyInternet Media
Ltd. 18/02/2009, CAC 05092

- Marque et terme gnrique. Parking. Mise en vente /
Trademark and generic term. Parking. Offer for sale (Proprit
<pastabarilla.eu>, G. e R. Fratelli S.p.A. c/ Future City di Salvaderi Enea,
Enea Salvaderi, 06/09/2012, CAC 06282

- Dclinaison dune marque connue. Risque de confusion et usage
antrieur la notification de la plainte / Variation of a known
trademark. Risk of confusion and use prior to notification of the
complaint (Proprit Industrielle, October 2012, alert 64)
<clarkssale.eu>, <claksstore.eu> et <claksonline.eu>, C. & J. Clark
International Limited c/ F. P., 15/05/2012, CAC 06219

4. Legitimate rights and interest of the Respondent (Regulation
CE 874/2004, Art 21.1 (a) and Art. 21.2)

- Droit ou intrt lgitime et traduction des pices / Right or
legitimate interest and translation of exhibits (Proprit Industrielle,
September 2007, alert 113)
<simtek.eu>, Simtek Przisionswerkzeuge GmbH c/ Lexicon Media Ltd.
(sept 2007) CAC 04371

.EU DECISIONS
- Le caractre distinctif du signe est un indice de labsence de droit
ou dintrt lgitime / The distinctiveness of the sign is an indication of
the absence of right or legitimate interest (Proprit Industrielle,
December 2007, alert 167)
<sponda.eu>, Sponda Oyj, Juha Eronen c/ UK Domain Developers, Ltd,
04/10/2007, CAC 04492

- Labsence dintrt lgitime et la procdure acclre
denregistrement de marque Benelux / Lack of legitimate interest and
accelerated registration procedure for Benelux trademark (Proprit
Industrielle, January 2008, alert 6)
<private.eu>, Cine Craft Ltd. c/ Traffic Web Holding B. V., 15/11/2007,
CAC 04608

- Les indices de labsence de droit ou dintrt lgitime /
Indicators of the absence of right or legitimate interest (Proprit
Industrielle, February 2008, alert 22)
<nexcom.eu>, Nexcom UK Ltd. c/ Lehigh Basin Ltd., 04/12/2007, CAC
04668

- Transferts successifs dun nom de domaine, indices concordants
de labsence de droit ou dintrt lgitime / Successive transfers of a
domain name, corroborating evidences of the absence of right or
legitimate interest (Proprit Industrielle, October 2008, alert 154)
<sotinco.eu>, C. I. N. et Lacose-Sotinco Tintas e Vernizes, Soc. Unip.
Lda c/ K. P, 17/06/2008 CAC 04921

- Rejet de la plainte : droit lgitime du titulaire et absence de
mauvaise foi / Complaint rejected: registrants legitimate right and
lack of bad faith (Proprit Industrielle, March 2009, alert 41)
<idmacif.eu>, Macif c/ M. M. H. 05/01/2009, CAC 05236

- Intrt lgitime et absence de mauvaise foi : rejet de la plainte /
Legitimate interest and lack of bad faith : complaint rejected
(Proprit Industrielle, May 2009, alert 72)
<euroairport.eu>, Aroport de Bale Mulhouse, R. J. c/ D. F., 16/03/2009,
CAC 05309

- Plainte rejete car usage lgitime de <harrypotterlego.eu> /
Complaint rejected because of a legitimate use of <harrypotterlego.eu>
(Proprit Industrielle, July/August 2011, alert 60)
<harrypotterlego.eu>, Lego Juris A/S c/ J. F., 02/05/2011, CAC 05957

- Rejet de la plainte pour droit et intrt lgitime et absence de
mauvaise foi. Patronyme / Complaint rejected: right and legitimate
interest and lack of bad faith. Surname (Proprit Industrielle,
<spalding.eu>, SGG Lisco LLC c/ J. S., 30/09/2011, CAC 06116
- Nom de domaine enregistr par le reprsentant lgal aux termes
dun contrat. Plainte rejete / Domain name registered by the legal
representative pursuant to an agreement. Complaint rejected (Proprit
Industrielle, December 2012, alert 79)
<viaservice.eu>, Via Servis Ltd. Branch Autria, Vera Skala, MBA c/ A.T.,
21/10/2012, CAC 06324

- Transfert dun nom de domaine exploit pour un site parking ,
lusage pour un site parking nest pas une offre de services de bonne foi /
Transfer of a domain name used for a parking site, using a domain
name for a parking website is not a fair commercila use (Proprit
Industrielle, March 2013, alert 21)
<bravosolution.eu>, BravoSolution SpA, C.G.K. c/ S. B, 21/12/2012, CAC
06369

- Intrt lgitime et usage antrieur, circonstances trop complexes,
affaire hors du champ de comptence de lexpert, rejet / Legitimate
interest and prior use, circumstances are too complex, case beyond the
scope of the experts power, rejection (Proprit Industrielle, June 2013,
alert 64)
<infosup.eu>, Educinvest c/ Informatique Campus, 07/06/2013, CAC
06470

5. Bad faith registration or use (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.1.
b and 21.3)

5.1 Circumstances indicating bad faith registration or acquisition
(Regulation CE 874/2004 21.3 a)

- La coexistence passe indice de bonne foi et la charge de la
preuve / Past coexistence indication of good faith and the burden of
proof (Proprit Industrielle, October 2007, alert 128)
<assembleedidio.eu>, di Vito Marinelli Ditta Individuale c/ Vito Marinelli
Assemblee di Dio in Italia, 19/07/2007, CAC 04498
- Litige entre titulaires de marques et rgle du premier arriv,
premier servi / Disputes between trademark holders and first
come, first served rule (Proprit Industrielle, November 2007, alert
150)
<lotto.eu>, Deutsche Lotto Marketing GmbH c/ Gyrgy Pintz, 08/09/2007,
CAC 04547

- Nologisme et mauvaise foi / Neologism and bad faith
(Proprit Industrielle, May 2008, alert 82)
<sustiva.eu>, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company c/ Hanoki, Ltd.
07/03/2008, CAC 04722

.EU DECISIONS
- Mauvaise foi et nom de domaine utilis pour du phishing / Bad
faith and domain name used for phishing (Proprit Industrielle,
October 2008, alert 155)
<cajarloja.eu>, Caya de ahorros de la rioja c/ K. S. 13/07/2008, CAC
04968

- Enregistrement de mauvaise foi et type de comportement du
titulaire du nom de domaine / Bad faith registration and type of
behaviour of the domain names holder (Proprit Industrielle,
<epsonoffer.eu>, Epson Europe B. V. c/ Demys Limited, Tim Brown c/o
C. I., 19/10/2009, CAC 05455

- Nom de domaine enregistr par le fournisseur daccs Internet :
transfert / Domain name registered by the ISP: transfer (Proprit
<tres.eu>, P. C. G. c/ B. Z., 02/03/2010, CAC 05532

- Notorit et mauvaise foi. Preuve / Famous trademark and bad
faith. Evidence (Proprit Industrielle, March 2011, alert 20)
<casino-partouche.eu>, Groupe Partouche c/ V. P., 17/01/2011, CAC
05894

- Marque postrieure au nom de domaine. Enregistrement et usage
de mauvaise foi / Trademark preceding domain name. Registration
and use in bad faith (Proprit Industrielle, May 2011, alert 40)
<redtube.eu>, Jager & Polacek GmbH c/ J. D., 28/02/2011, 05891

- Absence de rponse la plainte et acquiescement. Redirection du
nom de domaine / No response to the complaint and tolarance.
Redirection of the domain name (Proprit Industrielle, April 2012, alert
29)
<suncasino.eu>, St des Bains de mer et du Cercle des trangers
Monaco c/ J. M., 07/12/2012, CAC 06166

5.1.1 Bad faith use and offer of the domain name for sale
(Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 21.3 a)

- La prise en compte de lintention pour caractriser la mauvaise foi,
par rfrence une dcision UDRP / Taking into account the
intention to prove bad faith, by reference to a UDRP decision (Proprit
Industrielle, December 2007, alert 168)
<myhome.eu>, My Home Limited c/ MyHome S.A., 05/10/2007, CAC
04560

- La mise en vente du nom de domaine : critre de lenregistrement
de mauvaise foi / The offer for sale of the domain name: criterion of
bad faith registration (Proprit Industrielle, March 2008, alert 43)
<cyworld.eu>, Cyworld Europe GmbH c/ Kausani Enterprises Ltd.
28/01/2008 CAC 04759

- Mise en vente du nom de domaine et mauvaise foi / Offer for
sale of the domain name and bad faith (Proprit Industrielle,
November 2008, alert 169)
<heitronic.eu>, H. Vollmer GmbH c/ Z. Q., 11/07/2008, CAC 04970

- Caractre distinctif de la marque antrieure Telekom acquis par
lusage et reconnu par les tribunaux : enregistrement de mauvaise foi et
transfert de <telekom24.eu> / Distinctive character of the prior
trademark Telekom acquired through use and recognized by the Courts:
bad faith registration and transfer of <telekom24.eu> (Proprit
Industrielle, September 2009, alert 117)
<telekom24.eu>, Deutsche Telekom AG c/ Citrusnet, 27/04/2009, CAC
05347


5.1.2 Registration of the disputed domain name after a merger

- Annonce dune fusion suivie de lenregistrement du nom de
domaine par un tiers / Announcement of a merger followed by the
registration of the domain name by a third party (Proprit Industrielle,
April 2010, alert 46)
<morganstanleysmithbarney.eu>, Morgan Stanley Smith Barney Holdings
(UK) Limited, S. C. c/ morganstanleysmithbarneymorganstanley,
25/01/2010, CAC 05486

- Annonce dune fusion et enregistrement par un tiers du nom de
domaine de la nouvelle entit : transfert / Announcement of a merger
and registration by a third party of the domain name of the new entity:
transfer (Proprit Industrielle, June 2010, alert 70)
<unicajasur.eu>, Montes de Piedad y caja de ahorros de Ronda, Cadiz,
Almeria, Malaga y Antequera (Unicaja), Salvador Prez Mrida c/
Interdominios, 22/02/2010, CAC 05527

.EU DECISIONS
5.2 Demonstration of a pattern of conduct by the registrant
(Regulation CE 874/2004, Art. 21.3 b) i)

- Mauvaise foi : la prise en compte de huit dcisions ADR concernant
le mme titulaire / Bad faith : consideration of eight ADR decisions
concerning the same holder (Proprit Industrielle, December 2007,
alert 169)
<camlock.eu>, Camlock Systems Limited c/ Monsieur Z. Q., 21/10/2007,
CAC 04515

- Lenregistrement par un tiers le jour de la retombe dans le
domaine public / Registration by a third party the same day that the
domain name re-entered the public domain (Proprit Industrielle,
January 2008, alert 7)
<bayergarden.eu>, Bayer A. G. c/ Z. Q., 15/11/2007 CAC 04661

5.3 Non-use for 2 years (Regulation CE 874/2004, Art. 21.3 b) ii)

- Mauvaise foi et nom de domaine non utilis pendant deux ans,
patronyme / Bad faith and domain name not used for two years,
surname (Proprit Industrielle, March 2009, alert 42)
<haug.eu>, Haug GmbH & Co. K. G. c/ M. W. H., 12/01/2009, CAC
05208

- Mauvaise foi et nom de domaine non utilis pendant deux ans /
Bad faith and domain name not used for two years (Proprit
<staer.eu>, Staer International SA c/ Pagini Favorite SRL LTD,
05/01/2009, CAC 04990

- Usage du nom de domaine pendant deux ans et enregistrement de
mauvaise foi / Use of the domain name for two years and bad faith
registration (Proprit Industrielle, April 2009, alert 57)
<boltze.eu>, Boltze Gruppe, GmbH c/ B. B., 26/01/2009, CAC 05231

- Action conjointe de plusieurs entits, absence dusage pendant
deux ans / Joint action of several entities, lack of use for two years
(Proprit Industrielle, July/August 2009, alert 102)
<zappmedia.eu>, Zappmedia GmbH, Zappmedia Holding GmbH, US c/
Mandarin & Pacific Services Ltd., 04/03/2009, CAC 05249

- Enregistrement de mauvaise foi et absence dusage pendant deux
ans : rejet de la plainte. Dfinition de lusage du nom de domaine.
Echanges supplmentaires entre les parties accepts par lexpert /
Bad faith registration and lack of use for two years: complaint rejected.
Definition of the use of the domain name. Further exchanges between the
parties accepted by the Panel (Proprit Industrielle, December 2009,
alert 162)
<nobilia.eu>, Nobilia-Werke J. Stickling GmbH & Co. KG c/ A. S.,
21/09/2009, CAC 05450

- Mauvaise foi et absence dusage pendant deux ans / Bad faith
and lack of use for two years (Proprit Industrielle, November 2010,
alert 107)
<foen.eu>, Fontaine Engineering und Maschinen GmbH c/ 1
st
Gelox
GmbH, 09/08/2009, CAC 05730

- Mauvaise foi et absence dusage pendant deux ans : de lintrt de
lusage / Bad faith and lack of use for two years : about the interest of
use (Proprit Industrielle, January 2011, alert 4)
<enagas.eu>, Enagas SA c/ SIA Zirafe L., 17/11/2010, CAC 05755

- Absence dusage pendant deux ans et mauvaise foi. Moyens de
preuve / Lack of use for two years and bad faith. Evidence (Proprit
Industrielle, February 2011, alert 12)
<kraus.eu>, Walter Kraus GmbH c/ Kraus GmbH, 02/12/2010, CAC
05797

- Absence dusage du nom de domaine pendant deux ans et indice
de la mauvaise foi / Lack of use of the domain name for two years
and indicator of bad faith (Proprit Industrielle, June 2011, alert 50)
<inbox.eu>, Inbokss SIA c/ Worldwide Brands BVBA, 06/04/2011, CAC
05892

- Absence dusage du nom de domaine pendant deux ans et indice
de la mauvaise foi / Lack of use of the domain name for two years
and indicator of bad faith (Proprit Industrielle, September 2011, alert
69)
<fabricom.eu>, Fabricom c/ Citizen Engineering Services Ltd.,
26/05/2011, CAC 05922

- Absence dusage pendant deux ans et mauvaise foi / Lack of
use for two years and bad faith (Proprit Industrielle, May 2013, alert
37)
<511tactical.eu>, 5.11 c/ Interal Team Ltd., 17/02/2013, CAC 06366

5.4 Use to attract and divert Internet users (Regulation CE
874/2004 Art. 21.3 d)

- Dtournement des internautes et mauvaise foi / Diversion of
Internet users and bad faith (Proprit Industrielle, May 2008, alert 81)
<thesting.eu>, Mills Brothers B. V. c/ OEEO Networks Limited,
03/03/2008, CAC 04725

.EU DECISIONS
- Mauvaise foi et usage potentiel du nom de domaine / Bad faith
and potential use of the domain name (Proprit Industrielle, June
2008, alert 101)
<labco.eu>, Labco S. A. S., Lucie Boedts c/ Q. Z., 21/04/2008, CAC
04880

- Reroutage vers un autre site, modification des donnes Whois et
usage de mauvaise foi / Redirection to another site, modification of
Whois data and bad faith use (Proprit Industrielle, January 2012,
alert 4)
<eucor.eu>, EuCor GmbH & Co. KG c/ J. H., 16/11/2011, CAC 06104

5.5 Current practices (Regulation CE 874/2004 art 21.3)

5.5.1 Bath faith and parking websites

- Comparaison des signes et usage de mauvaise foi /
Comparison of signs and bad faith use (Proprit Industrielle,
November 2007, alert 149)
<maerskoil.eu>, Maersk Olie og Gas AS, Majbritt Perotti c/ Stephen
Smith, 07/09/2007 CAC 04387

- Les marques renommes sont exposes au piratage : lexemple
dAir France / Reputed trademarks are exposed to cybersquatting :
the example of Air France (Proprit Industrielle, January 2008, alert 5)
<airfranceonline.eu>, Socit Air France c/ Ibiz Hosting, 12/11/2007,
CAC 04645

- Marque semi-figurative faiblement distinctive et droit antrieur /
Weakly distinctive semi-figurative trademarks and prior right
(Proprit Industrielle, June 2008, alert 99)
<babywell.eu>, Brand Scout GmbH c/ G. G., 27/03/2008, CAC 04863

- Consquence du dfaut de rponse la plainte. Eligibilit et site
parking / Consequence of the absence of response to the complaint.
Eligibility and parking site (Proprit Industrielle, November 2011, alert
88)
<porsche-magazin.eu> et <porschemagazin.eu>, Porsche AG c/
International News u. Marketing Limited 08/09/2011, CAC 06045

- Parking et absence de droit ou dintrt lgitime. Charge de la
preuve / Parking and lack of right or legitimate interest. Burden of
proof (Proprit Industrielle, February 2012, alert 13)
<rayon.eu>, Dr. W. K. c/ J. P. K., 13/12/2011, CAC 06107


- Transfert dun nom de domaine exploit pour un site parking /
Transfer of a domain name used for a parking site (Proprit
<bravosolution.eu>, BravoSolution SpA, C.G.K. c/ S. B, 21/12/2012, CAC
06369

- Transfert dun nom de domaine exploit pour un site parking et
marque de renomme / Transfer of a domain name used for a
parking site and trademark with reputation (Proprit Industrielle,
July/August 2013, alert 54)
<roundupready.eu>, Monsanto Technology LLC, Monsanto UK Limited c/
Zhoujingjing, Zhou Jingjing, 07/05/2013, CAC 06417

5.5.2 Bad faith and passive holding

- Procdure ADR et nom de domaine actif, mauvaise foi et dtention
passive / ADR procedure and active domain name, bad faith and
passive holding (Proprit Industrielle, September 2007, alert 112)
<airfranceairlines.eu>, Air France c/ Meyer & Partenaires, 15/06/2007,
CAC 04319

- Absence dusage et faisceau de preuves de la mauvaise foi /
Lack of use and evidence of bad faith (Proprit Industrielle,
July/August 2009, alert 102)
<zappmedia.eu>, Intesa Sanpaolo SpA. c/ Iwebment Media Limited, J. J.,
04/03/2009, CAC 05249

5.6 Bad faith use and modification of the use between the cease
and desist letter and the complaint

- Moyen de preuve de lusage du nom de domaine. Changement
dusage entre la mise en demeure et la plainte / Means of proof of the
use of a domain name. Modification of the use between the cease and
desist letter and the complaint (Proprit Industrielle, July/August 2012,
alert 50)
<tororosso.eu>, Red Bull c/ Manticore Kereskedelmi s Szolgltat
Korltolt Felelssg Trsasg, 26/03/2012, CAC 06216

5.7 Bad faith and use as an email address

- Fonctions du nom de domaine. Messagerie lectronique.
Transfert / Functions of a domain name. E-mail. Transfer (Proprit
<informatique-cdc.eu>, Informatique CDC c/ D. E., 29/02/2012, CAC
06161
.EU DECISIONS

- Usage du nom de domaine comme adresse lectronique et
absence de mauvaise foi : rejet de la plainte / Use of the domain
name as an email address and lack of bad faith : complaint rejected
(Proprit Industrielle, February 2010, alert 19)
<hoefer.eu>, Hoefer & Partner Patentanwlte c/ M. T. H., Inc.,
12/12/2009, CAC 05482

6. Procedure

6.1 Right to file a complaint

- Procdure ADR et action popularis : du droit agir / ADR
procedure and popularis action : about the right to file a complaint
(Proprit Industrielle, October 2007, alert 129)
<labrada.eu>, Labrada Bodybuilding Nutrition Inc. c/ T. K., 31/07/2007,
CAC 04396

6.2 Deadline for the response (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art 22.8),
competent Court to challenge the decision (Regulation CE
874/2004 Art 22.13)

- Rponse tardive la plainte, comptence en cas de recours,
rsidence effective dans la Communaut, charge de la preuve / Late
response to the complaint, jurisdiction in case the decision is challenged,
effective residence in the Community, burden of proof (Proprit
<benq.eu>, BenQ Europe B. V. c/ Z. Q., 04/09/2008 ; CAC 05002

6.3 The conduct of the ADR Proceeding shall not be prejudiced by
any court proceeding, subject to Paragraph A4(c) above. The
Panel shall terminate the ADR Proceeding if it becomes aware
that the dispute that is the subject of the Complaint has been
finally decided by a court of competent jurisdiction or an
alternative dispute resolution body (Regulation CE 733/2002
art.4 d)

- Procdure ADR et procdure judiciaire en cours, pouvoirs de
lexpert / ADR procedure and pending court proceedings, powers of
the Panel (Proprit Industrielle, April 2009, alert 59)
<kedke.eu>, Central Union of Municipalities and Communities of Greece
(KEDKE) c/ Z. Q., 22/02/2009, CAC 05282

- Action judiciaire et procdure ADR / Lawsuit and ADR
procedure (Proprit Industrielle, July/August 2009, alert 103)
<jack-wolfskin.eu>, Jack Wolfskin Ausrstung fr Draussen GmbH & Co.
KGaA, M. H. c/ THD Concept, T. H. 04/03/2009, CAC 04544

- Procdure judiciaire : pas de suspension de la procdure ADR /
Court proceedings : no suspension of the ADR procedure (Proprit
<pokecik.eu>, Azet.sk, a.s., Ing. P. B. c/ Business Corporation Inc.,
29/12/2009 CAC 05509

6.4 Language of proceedings (Regulation CE 874/2004 Art. 22.4)

- Noms de capitales et langue de la procdure / Names of
capitals and language of the procedure (Proprit Industrielle, May
2008, alert 83)
<prague.eu>, Hlavnf mesto Praha c/ Traffic Web Holding B. V.,
18/03/2008, CAC 04681

6.5 Burden of proof and investigation power of the Panel (ADR
Rules, par. B.7)

- Charge de la preuve de labsence de droit et dintrt lgitime.
Pouvoirs de lexpert / Burden of proof of the absence of right and
legitimate interest. Powers of the Panel (Proprit Industrielle, February
2009, alert 26)
<yakult.eu>, Yakult Europe BV c/ M. W., 01/12/2008, CAC 05156

7. Complaint (ADR Rules, par. B.1 and B.7)

- Qualit de la plainte. Charge de la preuve. Mission de lexpert et
rle de linstitution de rglement / Quality of the complaint. Burden of
proof. Mission of the Panel and role of the ADR provider (Proprit
<noonan.eu>, Noonan Services Group c/ OEEO Networks Limited,
25/03/2010, CAC 05578

- Rejet de la plainte mal rdige et incomplte / Rejection of a
poorly drafted and incomplete complaint (Proprit Industrielle,
<swiss.eu>, Anyro & Co Sp. Zoo c/ Traffic Web Holding BV, BHM van der
Heijden, 03/09/2010, CAC 05720

Marie-Emmanuelle HAAS
Attorney at Law (Paris Bar)
Chair of the ECTA Internet Committee

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