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AutoCAD 2008
Introduction:
AutoCAD is the standard draughting package throughout the
draughting community. It is very powerful and allows the user to
create drawings after only a few hours of tuition. CAD stands for
computer aided drafting or design. The key reasons for using
AutoCAD are:
Precision: creating lines, circles, and other shapes of the exact
dimensions is easier.
Modifiability: Drawings are much easier to modify on the
computer screen than on paper.
Efficiency: creating many kinds of drawings is faster with CAD
program especially drawings that involve repetition.
Introducing AutoCAD
Opening AutoCAD:
When AutoCAD 2008 is opened a window appears depending
upon weather a 3D Modeling, Classic AutoCAD or a 2D Drafting &
Annotation workspace has been used previously. The 2D drafting &
Annotation workspace is shown below and includes the drop-down
menu from which a choice of the AutoCAD workspace to be opened
can be made. This workspace shows:
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Graphics Window:
At the top of the graphics window sit the title bar, the menu
bar, and three tool bars.


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Command Window:
It is below the drawing area. When you enter commands, rather
than using the menus or buttons, the command window is where you
tell the program what to do and where and where it tells you what is
happening.

Status bar:
It is below the command window. On its left corner there is a
coordinate readout window. In the middle there are 10 readout
buttons that indicate various drawing modes.
This has been a quick introduction to the various parts of the
graphics window which looks like the following:

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Function Keys of the Keyboard:
These can be used for toggling (turning on/off) various functions
when operating within AutoCAD 2008 as follow:
SNAP: F9 Key: When snap on, the cursor under mouse control
can only be moved in jumps from one snap point to another.
GRID: F7 key: When set on, a series of grid points appears in the
drawing area.
ORTHO: F8 key: When on, lines, etc. can only be drawn vertically or
horizontally.
POLAR: F10 key: When set on, a small tip appears showing the
direction and length of lines, etc. in degrees and units.
OSNAP: F3 key: when set on, an osnap icon appears at the cursor
pick box.
DUCS: F6 key: Dynamic UCS, used when constructing 3D solid
models.
Drawing Templates:
These are files with an extension .dwt. Templates are files which
have been saved with a predetermined settings such as Grid
spacing, Snap spacing, etc. Templates can be opened from the Select
template dialog box which is called by clicking New
In the File drop-down menu. An example of a template file being
opened is shown below:
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Throughout this course drawings will usually be constructed in
an adaptation of the acadiso.dwt template, which will automatically
appear on screen. To adapt this template:
1. In the command window type grid followed by pressing Enter.
Then type 10 in response to the prompt.
2. In the command window type snap followed by pressing Enter.
Then type 5 in response to the prompt.
3. In the command window type limits followed by pressing
Enter. Then type 420,297 in response to the prompt.
4. In the command window type zoom followed by pressing Enter.
Then type a (for All) in response to the prompt.
5. In the command window type units followed by pressing Enter.
The Drawing Units dialog box appears. In the Precision popup
list of the Length area of the dialog, click on 0 and then click the
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OK button. Note the change in the coordinate units showing in
the status bar.
6. Click the File in the menu bar and click Save As in the drop-
down menu which appears. The Save Drawing As dialog
appears. In the Files of type popup list select AutoCAD Drawing
Template (*.dwt). The templates already in AutoCAD are
displayed in the dialog. Click on acadiso.dwt, followed by
another click on the Save button.
Coordinate Inputs:
Coordinate input can be absolute, relative or polar:
ABSOLUTE: is from the origin the point (0,0). Positive
directions are UP and to the RIGHT; negative directions are DOWN
and to the LEFT.
INCREMENTAL (RELATIVE): refers coordinates to the last point
entered, and uses the @ symbol to achieve this. The entry format is
@30,40. The 30 is the horizontal distance and the 40 is the vertical
distance from the last point entered.
INCREMENTAL (POLAR): also refers coordinates to the last
point entered. The @ symbol is used, the format being @50<34. The
50 is the length of the line being drawn, and 34 is the angle of the line
relative to the datum.
It is possible to use all three input methods concurrently, so try
the following sequence: Line from point 100,100 to point 200,200 to
@-100,0 to @100<-45 then type ENTER.

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Line Creation:
ABSOLUTE: P1=50,50 P2=100,50 P3=100,100 P4=50,100
P1=50,50 OR : C
RELATIVE : P1=150,50 P2=@50,0 P3=@0,50 P4=@-50,0
P1=@0,-50
POLAR : P1=175,100 P2=@50<45 P3=@50<135 P4=@50<225
P1=@50<-45
Exercise #1:

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Circle Creation:
CENTRE & RADIUS: Select draw circle- 75,75-ENTER-20-ENTER.
CENTRE & DIAMETER: Select draw circle-175,75-d-80-ENTER.
TWO POINTS METHOD: Select draw circle-2P-55,175-95,175.
THREE POINTS METHOD: Select draw circle-AutoCAD prompts
for you to define three points on the circle circumference.
Respond to each prompt by picking points at random.
TANGENT to TWO ELEMENTS & a RADIUS: Select draw circle-
TTR-enter tangent by picking specific point (A)-enter second
tangent by picking specific point (B)-20.
Exercise #1:



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Arc Creation:












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Foundry Tools & Equipments:-
NO. ITEM QNT NOTES
1.
2.

3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

10.

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Oil-Fired Tilting Furnace
Laddle

Handle Riddle
Shovel
Hand Rammer
Peen Rammer
Floor Rammer
Mallet
Lifters

Trowel

Heart & Leaf Slick
Heart & Square Slick
Bead & Spoon Slick
Heart & Spoon Slick
Smoother
Swab
Spirit Level
Gate Cutter
Spray Gun
Bellows Gun
Mold Clamps
Mold Cotters
Mold Wedges
Closed Steel Molding
Boxes
1
1

3
5
5
5
2
5
10

10

2
2
2
2
4
5
2
5
2
2
10
10
10
10

Capacity 200 Kg
Capacity30Kg (with handle on
both sides)
Medium size





With different lengths &
widths
With Pointed, contour &
rectangular blade shapes




Flat & round