System Analysis & Design

PART A (Descriptive Type) = 23

PART B (Case Study) = 4
PART C (Multiple Choice) = 120
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PART A
Descriptive Type Question
Question 1: What is understood by system life cycle? Describe the major steps I
covered in the system life cycle, in detail?

Question 2: Briefly explain the procedure and make up of the post-implementation
review. Can one perform maintenance on a system without a post-implementation
review? Why?

Question 3: Explain different categories of a system.

Question 4: What is a feasibility study? Who carries out this study? Who prepares
the feasibility report? What are the major parts of the report? Describe earn in
detail?

Question 5: What is an Assignment Brief? Who prepares it? Who issues it?

Question 6: What are System Analysis Methods? Describe the following in detail?
a. Data flow diagrams
b. Data structure diagrams
c. Data element dictionary
d. Structure text

Question 7: Describe all the eight phases of system development process in detail?

Question 8: What is the difference between Data Flows and Data Stores?

Question 9: Explain the basic operations which are performed on files?

Question 10: Explain the following design elements:
a. Data Stores
b. Controls
c. Procedures

Question 11: How does normalization reduce data redundancy? Illustrate

Question 12: What do you mean by system audit? Explain.
Question 13: How functional dependency is related to database table design?

Question 14: What are some of the advantages of top-down design? Elaborate.

Question 15: Short Question/Answer (Aprox 200 word):
a) What are the pros & cons of waterfall model?
b) Summarize the advantages and limitations of Interviews and Questionnaires.
c) Discuss the multifaceted role of the system analyst.
d) Explain the major activities in conversion. Which activity is the most important?
Why?
e) Discuss the concepts of MIS and DSS. How are they related? How do they
differ?

Question 16: An international airline initiated a frequent traveler program designed
to encourage passengers to fly regularly and earn awards based on miles flown.
The airline policy is as follows:
Passengers who fly more than 1 lakh miles per calendar year and, in addition, pay
cash for tickets or have been flying the airline regularly for more than 5 years are
to receive a free roundtrip ticket around the world. Passengers who fly less than 1
lakh miles per calendar year and have been flying the airline regularly for more
than 5 years also get a free round trip ticket around the world

Draw a decision table based on the above.

Question 17: Describe the Development Life cycle models with respect to Project
Planning.

Question 18: Construct a system development program for your organization.
Research how they analyzed their SYSTEM OF INTEREST (SOI), its OPERATING
ENVIRONMENT, and respective system elements. How this analysis reflects in the
SOI architecture?

Question 19: Describe the Software cost estimation methods and guidelines.

Question 20: Create your own Definitions of a system, based on the "system"
Definitions.

Question 21: Describe IT and Organizational Structures.

Question 22: For your organization, identify how following are related to the
systems, product, or services it provides--
(a) Problem space(s)
(b) Opportunity space(s)
(c) Solution space(s)

Question 23: Describe the following--
(a) Project Communication
(b) Project Development Phases

Question 24: What do your understand by normalization. And also explain
advantages and disadvantages of normalizations.
Question 25: What is meant by "Feasibility Study? Discuss its importance
in system development.
Question 26: Define the term "Data Dictionary". What is the need for a
Data Dictionary?

PART B
Case Study 1
Pay Roll System
Every organisation big or small employs employees and gives them salary. Salary is
paid on a monthly basis. Maximum organisations have automated their system but
they are still facing numerous problems.
Study the Payroll system of your organisation, if not possible then study the Amity
School of Distance Learning Payroll and Remuneration system and prepare the
following:
Task 1 : Carry out the feasibility study.
Task 2 : Prepare the cost benefit report.
Task 3 : Prepare the draft
Assignment - Brief.
Task 4 : Analyse the existing problem.
Task 5 : Prepare the algorithm and code the programs.
Task 6 : Design the database.
Task 7 : Present the system.


Case Study 2
A problematic conversion to a new software system for managing staff and
Shipping operations at Sealine Inc. to a halt, resulting in passengers stranded in
cities such as New York, Detroit and Palm Beach, Florida. The system-wide
problems forced the Fort Lauderdale, Florida - based discount shipping to book all
available hotel rooms in many markets and to institute a nationwide disaster
response program.
Sealine Inc president and CEO Thomas konchesky said the crisis wasn't touched off
by the new system crashing or other technical problem. Instead, the problem were
caused by a lack of familiarity with the software on the part of Sealine's employees-
situation that snowballed at the Shipping after winter storms affected sea travel in
the northeast.
While the new scheduling system had been run in parallel with the sealine old one
from August through the end of the last year, Thomas said users could not
negotiate the software fast enough to keep pace after the storms began forcing
Ship cancellations. "The people who operated the software were not longer as fast
with it, even though they were proficient and they were trained", Thomas said "It's
one of those situations where your fingers are not connected to your brain
anymore, and we were not prepared for that". Ships were also booked to capacity
because of the crush of holiday travellers, making it more difficult to accommodate
stranded passengers after the problems emerged, he said.
Compounding the situation even further was the fact that Sealines's CIO post is
vacant, said Thomas, who held that position until he was promoted to CEO in mid-
2000. The Shipping began interviewing potential CIO candidates last month but has
yet to hire a replacement. A hands-on IT executive might have been able to foresee
the impending crisis and steer Sealine's crew staffing department away from doing
the software conversion at such a busy travel time, Thomas said. "The only way we
could have avoided this problem was to have called off the conversion", he said.
"But we obviously didn't see the problem coming".
Paul harnandez, an analyst at Forrester Research who follows the travel industry,
faulted Sealine for its timing. "You never want to do a cutover to a new software
system during a peak travel period", he said. Sealine's staffing department wanted
the conversion to occur January 1 because the Sealine needs to track Captain and
crew Sail hours on a calendar bases in order to ensure that workers don't exceed
sailing limits set by the U.S. federal Sail Administration. Making the switch a week
or two later would have required the initial records for this year to be moved from
the old system to the new one.
"Up until now, it's been our policy to let individual departments manage their own
projects and not involve the IT department", Thomas said. "That's going to change.
We need to have our tech people more involved". Paul said such a hang-off IT
policy is receipt for danger. "You don't mess around the technology", he said. "It is
not kind to the people who don't understand it".

Thomas said the Sealine will have to spend at least the rest of month trying to win
back passengers who were inconvenienced by the problems. Sealine, the largest
privately held shiping in the U.S, carried more than 2,00,000 passengers last year.
The Sealine will also have to mend its relationship with the New York and the New
Jersey Port authority, which is considering pulling Sealine's docking permits at the
LaGuardia and Newark docks in the back of the ordeal. Port authority spokesman
Stewon Coleman said that at one point. New York police were called to La Guardia
to claim an unruly crowd of disgruntled passengers. "There were some near fist
fights between some of the passengers who'd just had enough", he said.
The crisis also will lead to organizational restructuring at Sealine. Konchesky said,
although he added that specific changes haven't been decided on. A week ago, the
sealine announced that it had returned to "business-as-usual operation". Thomas
said the new software remains in place. "It was a matter of knowing how to use it",
he said.
Questions:
1. What major problems in system implementation and conversion practices do you
recognize in this case? What major management problems do you recognize in this
case?
2. What should Sealine Shipping's have done to avoid its system problems? What
steps should they take now?

Case Study 3
Rajesh is a do-it-yourself entrepreneur who built up his fortune in trading. He
traded in anything and everything, and kept close control of every activity. That
was how he had grown rich enough to indulge in his one dream - to build a college
in his hometown. A college that would be at par to the ones in the better cities, the
ones in which he could not study himself.
Work started a year back and the buildings were coming along well. He himself did
not use computers much and became hooked to the Internet and e-mail only
recently. He was determined to provide a PC with Internet connectivity to every
students and faculty member. He was currently engrossed in plans for the 100 -
seated computer lab.
What was confusing him was the choice of Internet connectivity. He had about a
dozen quotes in front of him. Recommendations ranged from 64 kbps ISDN all the
way to 1 Gbps leased line to Guwahati, which was almost 200 km away. Prices
ranged from slightly under a lakh all the way up to Rs 25 lakh and beyond. He did
not understand most of the equipment quoted - firewall, proxy server, cache
appliance. Nor was he sure what the hidden costs were. Although it went against
his very nature, he would have to identify a trustworthy consultant who would help
him make sense of the whole thing.
Questions:
(a) In the context of the given case, what managerial issues need to be addressed
by Rajesh? Why is it important for managers to be tech savvy?
(b) What is the importance of a 'systems consultant' to an organization? What skills
should he/she possess?


Case Study-4
System Installation
A rug manufacturer and importer wanted to have his own computer and run
applications away from the parent company's mainframe. A computer consultant
(with no knowledge of the rug business) did a feasibility study. He recommended a
system with which he had design experience.

The firm leased the system and signed a contract with the consultant to do the
installation and training. The consultants brought in two programmers and a data
base specialist to convert the files and train personnel. For weeks, everyone was
busy with what was bound to be a successful system.

As a first step, the company decided to compare the reports generated by the new
system with those available from the main computer. The procedure was to run
invoices first, followed by accounts receivable and payable. The first inventory
reports seemed way out of line with reality. Both the format of the reports and the
data were off. The few invoices sent out brought hostile complaints from customers
who were overcharged for their orders. Further attempts to correct the errors only
generated more inaccuracies. The company decided to go back to the old system
and cancel the whole project.

The matter ended up in court with the consultant demanding the balance due him
on the project. The company filed a counter suit claiming irreparable damage to the
firm. An investigation discovered that despite management's lack of experience
with computers, they decided to convert three major applications at the same time.
The employees, not having been forewarned of the conversion, panicked. Prior to
the computer, they had undocumented methods of invoicing, keeping track of
inventory, and billing procedures that the consultant never knew of or inquired
about. To make matters worse, he did not even know that the parent company's
warehouse system had a terminal that used the mainframe to update inventory.

System testing was also a disaster. Only real data were used. The resulting output
was so unwieldy that no one could audit or verify its accuracy until it was too late.
With no interface between the system being tested and the mainframe, there was
no way the files could be copied. The consultant decided to go ahead with the
incoming data only and to worry later about copying the files on the mainframe.

Documentation and audit procedures were virtually nonexistent. No one seemed to
know who changed what. There was no way of telling whether errors were caused
by the software or by incorrectly entered data.

The contract was well written. It simply committed the consultant to install a
computer system and the company to pay the consultant $75 per hour plus out-of-
pocket expenses. The consultant never really knew what the company wanted, and
the company had no work with the consultant. The employees stayed out of the
ways, since they had not been consulted and were not knowledgeable about
computers. The programmers, in their opinions, were simply obnoxious. Another
consultant who came in to evaluate the mess thought the whole installation was
primitive and lacked state-of-the-art software.

Questions
1. What went wrong in this case? Be specific.

2. Elaborate on the importance of a computer contract. What elements would
you have emphasized in the contract? Why?

3. Does a contract save an installation from failure? In what way?

4. What testing procedure should have been followed? Explain.


PART C

Objective Type - Set 1
State True or False

Q1. A structure chart is a sequential representation of program design.

Q2. A feasibility study generally culminates in deciding whether to proceed further
or not.

Q3. In a logical DFD, the flows are restricted to show the movement of data only.

Q4. System maintenance is a part of the high cycle of an Information system.

Q5. Screen formats and report layouts need not have the concurrence of the users.

Q6. Data flow diagrams are useful in representing the decision process in the
system.

Q7. Data flow diagrams are drawn only as a part of a system design document and
have no relevance at the stage of system analysis.

Q8. In decision tables, for each rule, there can be more than one condition being
true.

Q9. Feasibility study should always be carried out before embarking on system
analysis and design.

Q10. Only a programmer can conduct a system study.

Q11. When a file has both random and sequential processing requirements, index
sequential file is the best choice.

Q12. The real time system is also a particular case of an on line system.

Q13. Sequential files are slower than indexed files in all situations.

Q14. Indexed files can also have more than one index key.

Q15. Data store reflects a Data structure at rest however, data flow is a data a
structure in motion.

Q16. Data flow diagrams do contain decision tree.

Q17. Data stores collect only temporary data.

Q18. Indexed sequential file organisation combines the advantages of sequential
and direct files.

Q19. A sequential file is one in which the records are stored in some sequence.

Q20. Output refers to the results and information that are generated by the system.

Q21. A parallel run involves two different terminals accessing a common database.

Q22. On line data entry will avoid all data errors.

Q23. System implementation should begin only after system acceptance.

Q24. Parallel runs should be used for system acceptance.

Q25. If various modules have been tested thoroughly the need for time for carrying
inventory is reduced.

Q26. Systems development can cease after proto-typing.

Q27. Unit testing tests the programs making up the system.

Q28. Greater risk is associated with a pilot approach than with a parallel approach.

Q29. An airline reservation system is a batch processing system.

Q30. Pro-typing of a large software helps in identifying and defining requirement
before design.
Select the correct answer

Q31. The first step in systems development life cycle is:
(a). Preliminary investigation and design
(b). System design
(c). Database design
(d). None of the above

Q32. To which phase, of SDLC, is file conversion related?
(a). System Analysis
(b). System design
(c). System implementation
(d). None of the above

Q33. Documentation is prepared at the time of
(a). Commencing the study
(b). At every stage
(c). Completion of the design
(d). Completion of implementation

Q34. Structured programming involves:
(a). Functional modularization
(b). Localization of errors
(c). Decentralization of program
(d). All of the above

Q35. Which of the following appropriately explains the desirable characteristics of a
good system design?
(a). Modular approach
(b). Proper documentation
(c). Either (a) or (b)
(d). Both (I) and (ii)

Q36. Which of the following is not a tool for application proto-typing?
(a). Third generation language
(b). Report generator
(c). Screen generator
(d). Application generator

Q37. The records in a file on magnetic tape
(a). Have to be arranged in a key sequence
(b). Can only be accessed serially
(c). One for backup
(d). Can not be transferred to disk file

Q38. Which of the following is not considered a tool at the system design phase?
(a). Data Flow Diagram
(b). Decision table
(c). System flow chart
(d). Pie chart

Q39. In Proto-typing the following are used:
(a). Screen generator
(b). Input generator
(c). Application generator
(d). All the above

Q40. Following does not form part of inventory system:
(a). ABC Analysis
(b). Reorder level
(c). Employee ma ster
(d). All of the above

Objective Type - Set 2

Q1. How many steps are in the systems development life cycle (SDLC)?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 10

Q2. The first step in the systems development life cycle (SDLC) is:
A. Analysis.
B. Design.
C. Problem/Opportunity Identification.
D. Development and Documentation.

Q3. Most modern software applications enable you to customize and automate
various features using small custom-built miniprograms called:
A. macros.
B. code.
C. routines.
D. subroutines.

Q4. The organized process or set of steps that needs to be followed to develop an
information system is known as the:
A. analytical cycle.
B. design cycle.
C. program specification.
D. system development life cycle.

Q5. How many steps are in the program development life cycle (PDLC)?
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 10

Q6. The make-or-buy decision is associated with the step _________in the SDLC.
A. Problem/Opportunity Identification
B. Design
C. Analysis
D. Development and Documentation

Q7. In the Analysis phase, the development of the_____________occurs, which is
a clear statement of the goals and objectives of the project.
A. documentation
B. flowchart
C. program specification
D. design

Q8. Actual programming of software code is done during the___________step in
the SDLC.
A. Maintenance and Evaluation
B. Design
C. Analysis
D. Development and Documentation

Q9. Enhancements, upgrades, and bug fixes are done during the___________step
in the SDLC.
A. Maintenance and Evaluation
B. Problem/Opportunity Identification
C. Design
D. Development and Documentation

Q10. The_____________determines whether the project should go forward.
A. feasibility assessment
B. opportunity identification
C. system evaluation
D. program specification

Q11. Technical writers generally provide the for__________the new system.
A. programs
B. network
C. analysis
D. documentation

Q12. ________design and implement database structures.
A. Programmers
B. Project managers
C. Technical writers
D. Database administrators

Q13. __________spend most of their time in the beginning stages of the SDLC,
talking with end-users, gathering information, documenting systems, and proposing
solutions.
A. Systems analysts
B. Project managers
C. Network engineers
D. Database administrators

Q14. Which of the following could not be considered an organisational goal?
A. Increase company profit margin.
B. Expand customer base.
C. Provide quality service.
D. Complete backups every Friday.

Q15. An organisations goal is to improve the communication of events to members.
Which of the following strategies would best achieve this aim?
A. Reduce labour costs.
B. Produce a regular newsletter.
C. Make sure all membership information is accurate.
D. Use a spreadsheet to keep track of finances.

Q16. The profile of an audience can include its
A. Employment category, income level and average age.
B. Employment category, favourite colour and average age.
C. Tax file number, income level and years of employment.
D. Educational level, Medicare number and name of doctor.

Q17. Which of the following is not a component of an information system?
A. Equipment
B. End-user
C. Organisational goals
D. Procedures

Q18. _____________manage the system development, assign staff, manage the
budget and reporting, and ensure that deadlines are met.
A. Project managers
B. Network engineers
C. Graphic designers
D. Systems analysts

Q19. _____________is the process of translating a task into a series of commands
that a computer will use to perform that task.
A. Project design
B. Installation
C. Systems analysis
D. Programming

Q20. Debugging is:
A. creating program code.
B. finding and correcting errors in the program code.
C. identifying the task to be computerized.
D. creating the algorithm.

Q21. Translating the problem statement into a series of sequential steps describing
what the program must do is known as:
A. coding.
B. debugging.
C. creating the algorithm.
D. writing documentation.

Q22. Translating the algorithm into a programming language occurs at the step of
the PDLC.
A. Debugging
B. Coding
C. Testing and Documentation
D. Algorithm Development

Q23. The problem statement should include all of the following EXCEPT:
A. input.
B. output.
C. processing.
D. storage.

Q24. The problem statement includes the_________, which lists specific input
numbers a program would typically expect the user to enter and precise output
values that a perfect program would return for those input values.
A. testing plan
B. error handler
C. IPO cycle
D. input-output specification

Q25. Which step of SDLC performs cost/benefit analysis?
A. Feasibility Study
B. Analysis
C. Design
D. None of the above

Q26. System maintenance is necessary because:
A. Human never gets it right the first time.
B. The deployment may change over time.
C. The user's needs may change over time.
D. All of the above.

Q27. A person-machine system and a highly integrated grouping of information-
processing functions designed to provide management with a comprehensive
picture of specific operation is called:
A. DSS
B. MIS
C. IIS
D. All of the above.

Q28. Which is the most creative and challenging phase of SDLC?
A. Analysis
B. Design
C. Implementation
D. Feasibility Study

Q29. _________ Costs that are known to exist but whose financial value cannot be
accurately measured are referred to as
A. Intangible
B. Tangible
C. Direct
D. Indirect

Q30. The parts of the organization or computer system depend on one another is
called:
A. Interaction
B. Interdependence
C. Integration
D. All of the above

Q31. Which of the following Normal forms states that a non-key attribute depends
on a key attribute or concatenated key:
A. First Normal Form
B. Second Normal Form
C. Third Normal Form
D. BCNF

Q32. __________means adding, modifying or redeveloping the code to support
change in any specifications.
A. Enhancement
B. Maintenance
C. Implementation
D. All of the above

Q33. Which symbol of DFD represents a Data Store?
A. Circle
B. Square
C. Open-ended Rectangle
D. Triangle

Q34. System maintenance is necessary because:
A. Human never gets it right the first time.
B. The deployment may change over time.
C. The user's needs may change over time.
D. All of the above.

Q35. A person-machine system and a highly integrated grouping of information-
processing functions designed to provide management with a comprehensive
picture of specific operation is called:
A. DSS
B. MIS
C. IIS
D. All of the above.

Q36. The parts of the organization or computer system depend on one another is
called:
A. Interaction
B. Interdependence
C. Integration
D. All of the above

Q37. What kind of information comes under user staff category of information?
a) Policies
b) Authority relationship
c) Objectives
d) Work schedules

Q38. Primary external source of information is:
a) Financial report
b) Electronic data process
c) Government documents
d) Personal stuff

Q39. In which step of feasibility study people resist to change:
a) Technical feasibility
b) Behavioural feasibility
c) Economical feasibility
d) None of the above

Q40. Evaluation criteria for the best candidate system:
a) Performance and cost
b) Observation
c) User feedback
d) None of the above

Multiple Choice Question - Set 2

Q1. ----- is the most important factor of management information system.
(a) System
(b) Output
(c) Element
(d) All of the above

Q2. Types of system are--
(a) Physical systems
(b) Abstract systems
(c) Open system
(d) all of the above

Q3. A close system is a--
(a) System which has limited shape.
(b) System which is rigid and mathematical
(c) Both a & b
(d) None of the above

Q4. Characteristics of a system--
(a) Has certain objective and goal.
(b) Does not operate in isolation.
(c) Both a & b.
(d) None of these.

Q5. Attributes of DSS are--
(a) Flexibility.
(b) Simple model.
(c) Both a&b.
(d) None of above.

Q6. Structured decisions are--
(a) Decision making on students' result.
(b) Decision about payroll systems.
(c) Both.
(d) None.

Q7. Unstructured decision example--
(a) Production scheduling.
(b) Capital budgeting.
(c) Both.
(d) None.

Q8. System objective are --
(a) To maintain the company's share in the market.
(b) To increase the net profits of the company.
(c) To maintain the current efficiency.
(d) All of above.

Q9. Integrated dictionary is related to a--
(a) Database.
(b) Database management sys.
(c) Meta data.
(d) None of above.

Q10. VTOC means--
(a) Visual table of contents.
(b) Input process output.
(c) Both.
(d) None.

Q11. Database is a collection of _______ & its relation to each other and refers to
the __________ of layer or coverage in space defined by co-ordinate referencing
system.
(a) Information, location
(b) Spatially referenced, location
(c) Information, geo-referencing
(d) None

Q12. GIS data is either ________ data or ________ data.
(a) Spatial, attribute
(b) Spatial, dynamic
(c) Domain, dynamic
(d) Domain, attribute

Q13. Statistics is the set of mathematical methods used to _______ & __________
data.
(a) Collect, analyze
(b) Censuses, track
(c) Both a & b
(d) None

Q14. What is an open system is that--
(1) Interacts with the environment constantly.
(2) Has an infinite scope in all organization services
(3) Does not interact with the environment constantly.
(4) Is generally flexible and abstract.
(a) 1,2,3,4
(b) 1, 2, 4
(c) 2, 3, 4
(d) 1, 3, 4
15.A data dictionary has consolidated list of data contained in--
(1) Data flows.
(2) Data stores.
(3) Data outputs.
(4) Processes.
(a) (1) and (3)
(b) (1) and (2)
(c) (3) and (4)
(d) (1) and (i4)

Q16. A data dictionary is useful as--
(1) A documentation aid.
(2) Support in designing input forms.
(3) Data in an application including temporary data used in processes.
(4) A good idea in system design.
(a.) (1) and (2)
(b.) (1) and (4)
(c.) (1) , (2) and (3)
(d.) (1) and (3)

Q17. Which of the following model is used as frame work?
(a) Waterfall model.
(b) Spiral model
(c) Both a&b
(d)All of the above

Q18. Which of the following model is well suited for requirement change?
(a) Waterfall model.
(b) Spiral model
(c) Both a&b
(d) All of the above

Q19. What is integration testing?
(a) Integrating all modules
(b) Integrating all function of a module
(c) Both a&b
(d) All of the above

Q20. What is information?
(a) Meaningful data.
(b) Row data
(c) Dynamic Data
(d) All of the above

Q21. Strategic information is used by--
(a) Top level
(b) Middle level
(c) Both a&b
(d) All of the above

Q22. Technical information is used by--
(a) Top level
(b) Middle level
(c) Both a&b
(d) None of these

Q23. Operational information is used by--
(a) Top level
(b) Middle level
(c) Both a&b
(d) None of these

Q24. Integrated dictionary is related to a--
(a) Database
(b) Database management sys.
(c) Mete data
(d) None

Q25. A data element in a data dictionary may have--
(a.) Only integer value.
(b.) No value.
(c.) Only real value.
(d.) Only decimal value.

Q26. The major problems encountered in off-line data entry are--
(1) Data are entered by operators.
(2) Data entered by hand in forms - batch and forms may be missed or misread.
(3) Errors are detected after a lapse of time.
(4) Data are entered by users.
(a.) (1) and (2)
(b.) (1) and (3)
(c.) (2) and (3)
(d.) (3) and (4)

Q27. In interactive data input terminal commands are normally used to--
(a.) Enter new data.
(b.) Add/Delete Data.
(c.) Select one out of many alternatives often by a mouse click.
(d.) Detect errors in data input.

Q28. By the term "concise code" we understand that the code--
(a.) Conveys information on item being coded.
(b.) Is of small in length.
(c.) Can add new item easily.
(d.) Includes all relevant characteristics of item being coded.

Q29. Serial numbers used as codes are--
(1) Concise.
(2) Meaningful.
(3) Expandable.
(4) Comprehensive.
(a.)(1) and (2)
(b). (2) and (3)
(c.)(2) and (4)
(d.)(1) and (3)

Q30. Group classification codes are--
(1) Concise.
(2) Meaningful.
(3) Expandable.
(4) Comprehensive.
(a.) (1) and (2)
(b.) (1), (2) and (3)
(c.) (2), (3) and (4)
(d.) (1), (2) and (4)

Q31. For modulus-11 check digit to detect a single transposition error--
(a.) Weights should be distinct.
(b.) Weights may be equal and > 0.
(c.) Weights should be less than 0.
(d.) Weights should be > 0 and distinct.

Q32. If a field is known to represent days of a month, radix used to check should
be--
(a.) 30
(b.) 31
(c.) 28
(d.) 29

Q33. I O controls includes--
(a) Process schedules
(b) Dispatching (report) details
(c) Machine operations
(d) a&b

Q34. Machine operations include--
(a) System flow
(b) Detailed instruction
(c) JCL listing
(d) all

Q35. Which is not an implementation component?
(a)Hardware installation
(b) Testing
(c) Both
(d) None

Q36. System Evaluation component are--
(a) Internal controls.
(b) Deficiencies.
(c) Recommendation.
(d) All

Q37. Which of the following is not a tool for application proto-typing?
(a) Third generation language
(b) Report generator
(c) Screen generator
(d) Application generator.

Q38. The records in a file on magnetic tap--
(a) Have to be arranged in a key sequence
(b) Can only be accessed serially
(c) One for backup
(d) Can not be transferred to disk file.

Q39. Which of the following is not considered a tool at the system design phase?
(a) Data Flow Diagram
(b) Decision table
(c) System flow chart
(d) Pie chart.

Q40. In proto-typing the following are used--
(a) Screen generator
(b) Input generator
(c) Application generator
(d) All of the above.
Objective Set -4
1. Requirement specification is carried out---
a) After requirements are determined
b) Before requirements are determined
c) Simultaneously with requirements determination
d) Independent of requirements determination

2. The role of a system analyst drawing up a requirements specification is similar
to---
a) Architect designing a building
b) A structural engineer designing a building
c) A contractor constructing a building
d) The workers who construct a building

3. It is necessary to consult the following while drawing up requirement
specification---
a) Only top managers
b) Only top and middle management
c) Only top, middle and operational managers
d) Top, middle and operational managers and also all who will use the
system

4. In order to understand the working of an organization for which a computer
based system is being designed, an analyst must---
a) Look at only current work and document flow in the organization
b) Discuss with top level and middle level management only
c) Interview top, middle, line managers and also clerks who will enter
data and use the system
d) Only clerical and middle level staff who have long experience in the
organization and will be users of the system

5. A feasibility study is carried out--
a) After final requirements specifications are drawn up
b) During the period when requirements specifications are drawn up
c) Before the final requirements specifications are drawn up
d) At any time

6. The main objective of feasibility study is---
a) to assess whether it is possible to meet the requirements specifications
b) to assess if it is possible to meet the requirements specified subject to
constraints of budget, human resource and hardware
c) to assist the management in implementing the desired system
d) to remove bottlenecks in implementing the desired system

7. Hardware study is required---
a) To find out cost of computer system needed
b) To determine the type of computer system and software tools needed
to meet the final system specification
c) To make sure that the system does not become obsolete
d) To find how to implement the system

8. Feasibility study is carried out by---
a) Managers of the organization
b) System analyst in consultation with managers of the organization
c) Users of the proposed system
d) Systems designers in consultation with the prospective users of the
system

9. Initial requirements specification is---
a) Not changed till the end of the project
b) Continuously changed during project implementation
c) Only a rough indication of the requirement
d) Changed and finalized after feasibility study

10. The primary objective of system design is to---
a) Design the programs, databases and test plan
b) Design only user interfaces
c) Implement the system
d) Find out how the system will perform

11. System test plan is specified---
a) When the final specifications are drawn up
b) During feasibility study
c) During the requirements specifications stage
d) During system study stage

12. System design is carried out---
a) As soon as system requirements are determined
b) Whenever a system analyst feels it is urgent
c) After final system specifications are approved by the organization
d) Whenever the user management feels it should be done

13. The primary objective of system implementation is---
i) To build a system prototype
ii) To train users to operate the system
iii) To implement designed system using computers
iv) Write programs, create databases and test with live data
a) i, iii
b) i, ii, iii
c) ii, iii
d) ii, iv

14. The main objective of system evaluation is---
a) To see whether the system met specification
b) To improve the system based on operational experience for a period
c) To remove bugs in the programs
d) To asses the efficiency of the system

15. A data dictionary has consolidated list of data contained in ---
(i) Data flows
(ii) Data stores
(iii) Data outputs
(iv) processes
a) (i) and (iii)
b) (i) and (ii)
c) (ii) and (iv)
d) (i) and (iv)

16. System analysts have to interact with---
i) Managers of organizations
ii) Users in the organization
iii) Programming team
iv) Data entry operator
a) iii and iv
b) i, ii and iii
c) ii, iii and iv
d) ii and iii

17. Systems analyst should use software tools in their work as---
a) All analysts use them
b) They assist in systematic design of systems
c) They are inexpensive
d) They are easily available

18. During feasibility analysis it is necessary to examine several alternative
solutions because ---
(i) A comparison of alternatives will lead to a cost-effective solution
(ii) A pre-conceived single solution may turn out to be unimplementable
(iii) It is always good to examine alternatives
(iv) Management normally looks at alternatives
a) i and iii
b) i and iv
c) i and ii
d) ii and iv

19. The primary responsibility of a systems analyst is to---
a) Specify an information system which meets the requirements of an
organization
b) Write programs to meet specifications
c) Maintain the system
d) Meet managers of the organization regularly

20. The responsibilities of a system analyst include---
i) Defining and prioritizing information requirement of an organization
ii) Gathering data, facts and opinions of users in an organization
iii) Drawing up specifications of the system for an organization
iv) Designing and evaluating the system
a) i and ii
b) i, ii and iv
c) i, ii, iii and iv
d) i, ii and iii

21. The intangible benefits in the following list are ---
(i) Savings due to reducing investment
(ii) Savings due to sending bills faster and consequent early collection
(iii) Providing better service to the customers
(iv) Improving quality of companys products
a) i and ii
b) ii and iii
c) iii and iv
d) i and iii

22. In a DFD external entities are represented by a---
a) Rectangle
b) Ellipse
c) Diamond shaped box
d) Circle

23. A data flow can---
a) Only emanate from an external entity
b) Only terminate in an external entity
c) May emanate and terminate in an external entity
d) May either emanate or terminate in an external entity but not both

24. The most important attribute of a systems analyst is---
a) Excellent programming skills
b) Very good hardware designing skills
c) Very good technical management skills
d) Very good writing skills

25. Data inputs which required coding are---
a) Fields which specify prices
b) Key fields
c) Name fields such as product name
d) Fields which are of variable length

26. An entity is---
a) A collection of items in an application
b) A distinct real world item in an application
c) An inanimate object in an application
d) A data structure

27. A relationship is---
a) An item in an application
b) A meaningful dependency between entities
c) A collection of related entities
d) Related data

28. A cost-benefit analysis is performed to assess---
a) Economic feasibility
b) Operational feasibility
c) Technical feasibility
d) All of the above

29. Among the attributes of a systems analyst the following are most important---
i) Knowledge of computer systems and currently available hardware
ii) Good interpersonal relations
iii) Broad knowledge about various organizations
iv) Very good accountancy knowledge
a) i, iii and iv
b) i and iii
c) i, ii and iv
d) i, ii and iii

30. A rectangle in a DFD represents---
a) A process
b) A data store
c) An external entity
d) An input unit

31. The entity set is a---
a) Set of entities
b) Collection of different entities
c) Collection of related entities
d) Collection of similar entities

32. Attributes are---
(i) Properties of relationship
(ii) Attributed to entities
(iii) Properties of members of an entity set
a) i
b) i and ii
c) i and iii
d) iii

33. Rows of a relation are called---
a) Tuples
b) A relation row
c) A data structure
d) An entity

34. If an entity appears in N relationships then it is---
a) A 1:1 relationship
b) A 1: N relationship
c) A N: 1 relationship
d) A N: M relationship

35. Normalization is a process of restructuring a relation to---
a) Minimize duplication of data in a database
b) Maximize duplication of data to ensure reliability
c) Make it of uniform size
d) Allow addition of data

36. Normalization of database is essential to---
(i) Avoid accidental deletion of required data when some data is deleted
(ii) Eliminate inconsistencies when a data item is modified in the database
(iii) Allows storage of data in a computers disk
(iv) Use a database management system
a) i and iii
b) i and ii
c) ii and iii
d) ii and iv

37. A relation is said to be in 1NF if---
a) There is no duplication of data
b) There are no composite attributes in the relation
c) There are only a few composite attributes
d) All attributes are of uniform type

38. By redundancy in a file based system we mean that---
a) Unnecessary data is stored
b) Same data is duplicated in many files
c) Data is unavailable
d) Files have redundant data

39. Data integrity in a file based system may be lost because---
a) The same variable may have different values in different files
b) Files are duplicated
c) Unnecessary data is stored in files
d) Redundant data is stored in files

40. Given the following relation---
vendor order (vendor no, order no, vendor name, qty supplied, price/unit) it is
not in 2 NF because----
a) It is not in 1 NF
b) It has a composite key
c) Non-key attribute vendor name is dependent on vendor no. which is
one part of the composite key
d) Qty supplied and price/unit are dependent