A.

Yeast DNA extraction

Materials
1 packet of dry yeast
Sodium chloride
Meat tenderizer
Ice cold 95% ethanol
Sunlight detergent
Distilled water
Blender
Graduated cylinders (10mL,100mLand 500ml)
Beaker (250mL, 100mL)
Glass stirring rod and wooden sticks
15ml test tube
Test tube rack
1 ml pipette and blue tips

Methods
1. We have mixed 1 packet of dry yeast with 40ml of 50% tap water. The mixture then stirred
to dissolve the yeast and left covered for 20 minutes
2. Salt/detergent are prepared by adding 40ml detergent and 40g NaCl to 360ml distilled
water. The mixture stirred well until dissolved
3. 5% of meat tenderizer solutions are prepared by adding 5.5g of meat tenderizer to 80ml of
distilled water. The mixture are mixed well until dissolved.
4. 40ml of yeast mixture and 40ml of salt/detergent solutions are placed in a blender and the
mixture are blended at high speed for 2 minutes.
5. The solution are poured into beaker and 15ml of meat tenderizer solution are added. The
solution then stirred until mixed.
6. The mixture are left for 5 minutes at room temperature.
7. Cheese cloth are placed over a filter funnel. The mixture then poured on the filter funnel and
the clear supernatant are collected.
8. 3 ml of clear solution are transferred into 15ml tube.
9. The test tube are tilted at 45 degree position. 3 ml of 95% ice cold ethanol added gently to
the side of the tube
10. The tube left undisturbed for 3-5 minutes. Layer are formed on the tube.
11. DNA precipitate are formed on the interphase layer. Wooden stick are used to swirl the DNA
out.













B. Onion DNA extraction

Materials
Fresh onion
Salt detergent solution
Meat tenderizer solution
Ice cold 95% ethanol
Distilled water
Blender
Graduated cylinders (10ml and 100ml)
Glass stirring rod and wooden sticks
15ml test tube
Test tube rack
1 ml pipette and blue tips


Methods
1. The prepared salt/detergent solutions and meat tenderiser are gathered from Part A
2. We have cut 3 medium sized onions into an inch cube and then placed into the blender.
3. 100ml of salt/detergent solutions was added into the blender.
4. The mixture was blended at high speed for two minutes.
5. Cheese cloth are placed over the filter funnel. The mixture was poured over the filter funnel
and then the clear supernatant was collected.
6. The clear solution are transferred into beaker. 30ml of meat tenderizer solution was added.
The mixture are stirred.
7. The mixture are left for 5 minutes at room temperatures.
8. 3 ml of the clear solutions was transferred into a 15ml tube
9. The test tube are tilted at 45 degree position. 3 ml of 95% ice cold ethanol added gently to
the side of the tube
10. The tube left undisturbed for 3-5 minutes. Layer are formed on the tube.
11. DNA precipitate are formed on the interphase layer. Wooden stick are used to swirl the DNA
out.










C. Apple and Orange DNA extraction

Materials
Fresh apple
Fresh Orange
Salt detergent solution
Meat tenderizer solution
Ice cold 95% ethanol
Distilled water

Blender
Graduated cylinders (10ml and 100ml)
Glass stirring rod and wooden sticks
15ml test tube
Test tube rack
1 ml pipette and blue tips

Methods
1. The prepared salt/detergent solutions and meat tenderiser are gathered from Part A
2. We have cut an apple/orange into an inch cube and then placed into the blender.
3. 100ml of salt/detergent solutions was added into the blender.
4. The mixture was blended at high speed for two minutes.
5. Cheese cloth are placed over the filter funnel. The mixture was poured over the filter funnel
and then the clear supernatant was collected.
6. The clear solution are transferred into beaker. 30ml of meat tenderizer solution was added.
The mixture are stirred.
7. The mixture are left for 5 minutes at room temperatures.
8. 3 ml of the clear solutions was transferred into a 15ml tube
9. The test tube are tilted at 45 degree position. 3 ml of 95% ice cold ethanol added gently to
the side of the tube
10. The tube left undisturbed for 3-5 minutes. Layer are formed on the tube.
11. DNA precipitate are formed on the interphase layer. Wooden stick are used to swirl the DNA
out.