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Moringaoleifera Household

Alternative Coagulant for


Water Treatment.
Presented BY
Majithiya H. M.
Email: hmajithiya@gmail.com
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Introduction
Coagulation-flocculation followed by
sedimentation, filtration and disinfection, often by
chlorine, is used worldwide in the water treatment
industry before the distribution of treated water to
consumers (Peavy1995).
However recent studies have pointed out several
serious drawbacks of using Aluminiumsalts.
Introduction Aim&
Objectives
Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Introduction about Moringaoleifera
It tropical plant belonging to the family Moringaceae.
Seeds are brown, and the kernels are white Crushed
whole seed or presscakeremaining after oil extraction as a
coagulant for water and wastewater treatment.
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
M. oleiferapods M.Oshelled seed Shelled seed M.O Press Cake
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In situation where high concentrations of alum are
needed, lime is also added to raise the pH of
water, thereby facilitating the treatment.
The cost of procuring these chemicals is increasing
rapidly and most developing countries are finding it
difficult to cope.
Therefore, where cheaper alternativescan be
found, to replace or supplement the conventional
treatment chemicals, their use would be a welcome
benefit for the poorer less developed countries.
Purpose of study
Introduction Aim&
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Natural Coagulant Vs Inorganic
Coagulant
Drawbacks of Alum
Alzhemeiersdiseaseand similar health related
problems associated with residual aluminum in
treated water.
It produces large sludge volumes.
It require pHAlkalinity adjustment.
Low efficiency in coagulation of cold water.
It is costly and require high foreign exchange.
-
Introduction Aim&
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Advantage of Moringaoleifera
Coagulant over Alum
It is natural, completely non-toxic.
The M. Oleiferaseed extract appears to have
natural buffering capacity so, no pH alkalinity
adjustments are required.
Beside level of turbidity it reducesthe level of
microorganismin water.
It is completely biodegradable.
The volume of sludge produced is considerably
less in case of Moringathan in case of alum.
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
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Methodology Materials
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Drawbacks of Moringaoleifera
At present availabilityof seeds is a problem it
require mass cultivation.
The costs of the Shelled Seed powder of M.O
will probably higher then the cost of alum at
present.
The water treated by M. oleiferaproduces odour
aftertwo days from treatment.
Another disadvantage water extract increases
Dissolved Organic Carbonin treated water.
Introduction Aim&
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Aim & Objectives
Aim
Optimization of dosage Affecting Coagulation and
Flocculation of Turbid Water Using
MoringaoleiferaSeed Extract
Objectives
To optimize coagulation dose, slow and rapid mixing
parameters.
To improve the extraction methodof coagulation
active component.
To study Household Alternative Coagulantfor
Water Treatment.
Introduction Aim&
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Materials and Methods
Experiment Design
Entire study was divided into different stages. And
same experiment is repeated for three coagulants
viz. Moringaoleiferashelled blended water
extract, Moringaoleiferashelled blended oil
extracted water extract & Alum.
Introduction Aim&
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
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A series of experiments was conducted on three
synthetic raw water turbidities viz. 50, 150, and
450 NTU.
Residual turbiditywas used as the parameter to
judge the performance of the process.
(According to Bureau of Indian Standards. IS 3025(PART 50): 2001)
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
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Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Result of Seed Analysis
Sr.
No
Sample Name Parameters Results Test
Methods
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Moringa oleifera
Seeds
Protein 36.90 % AOAC
920.152
2 Fat 37.25 % Ranganna
3 Carbohydrates 16.38 % IS: 1656-
1997
4 Crude Fiber 12.85 % SP-18 (P-
IX) 1984
5 Moisture 6.41 % Ranganna
6 Ash 3.06 % AOAC
940.26
National Agriculture Food Analysis And Research Institute, Pune. (10.08.2007)
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Preparation of Seed Extract
Moringa oleifera non-shelled & shelled seeds
M.oleifera Seed Suspensi on
M.O. Seed Powder
Extraction of the Active Ingredient
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Preparation of Synthetic Turbid Water
1. Five gram of Kaolin clay is mix 500 ml of distilled water.
2. Mix clay sample is allowed to stand for 24 Hrs.
3. The stock solution, turbidities varying from 50- 450 NTU prepared by
serial dilution of stock solution.
Kaolin Clay Bottle Stock Turbidity
Solution
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
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Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Equipment Used
Jar Test Apparatus
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Digital Lovibond Turbidity Meter
Digital pH Meter
Rapid Mixer
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Observation & Data Interpretation
Introduction Aim&
Objectives
Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Optimum Dosage of MoringaoleiferaShelled
Blended.
OPTIMUM DOSAGE OF M.O. Shelled Blended wat er extr act
AT 50, 150, AND 450 NTU
18.2
22.8
31.27
0
20
40
60
4
0
5
0
6
0
7
0
*
8
0
1
1
0
1
2
0
1
3
0
*
*
1
4
0
1
5
0
2
0
0
2
5
0
3
0
0
*
*
*
3
5
0
DOSAGE OF M.O. Shelled Blended
wat er ext r act (mg/l)
A
V
E
R
A
G
E

R
E
S
I
D
U
A
L

T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y

(
N
T
U
0
50 NTU
150 NTU
450 NTU
Shelled blended Moringaoleiferawas able to achieve 63.90 %turbidity
removal at an optimum dosage of 70 mg/ l for 50 NTU whilst for 150 and
450 NTU turbidity the doses were 130 mg/ l and 300 mg/ l and % turbidity
removal is 84.80 % and 93.10 %respectively.
Introduction Aim&
Objectives
Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Optimum Dosage of Moringaoleifera
Shelled Blended oil extracted.
OPTIMUM DOSAGE OF Mor i nga ol ei fer a Shelled Blended AT 50, 150, AND
450 NTU
10.1
25.13
26
0
10
20
30
40
10 50* 100** 150*** 200
DOSAGE OF Mori nga ol ei fera Shel l ed Bl ended
oi l extracted water extract (mg/l )
A
V
E
R
A
G
E

R
E
S
I
D
U
A
L

T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y

(
N
T
U
)
50 NTU
150 NTU
450 NTU
Shelled blended oil extracted Moringaoleiferawas able to achieve 78.7 %
turbidity removal at an optimum dosage of 50 mg/ l for 50 NTU whilst for
150 and 450 NTU turbidity the doses were 100 mg/ l and 150 mg/ l and %
turbidity removal is 83.24 % and 94.22 %respectively.
Introduction Aim&
Objectives
Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Optimum Dosage of Alum
OPTIMUM DOSAGE OF ALUM FOR 50, 150, AND 450 NTU
3.77
4.73
7.2
0
5
10
15
20
5 10 20 30* 40** 50*** 60
DOSAGE OF ALUM (mg/l)
A
V
E
R
A
G
E

R
E
S
I
D
U
A
L

T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y

(
N
T
U
)
50 NTU
150 NTU
450 NTU
Alum was able to achieve 92.47 %turbidity removal at an optimum
dosage of 30 mg/ l for 50 NTU whilst for 150 and 450 NTU turbidity the
doses were 40 mg/ l and 50 mg/ l and % turbidity removal is 96.24 %
and98.40%respectively.
Introduction Aim&
Objectives
Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
Suggestions &
Recommendations
Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Summary of All Results
Coagulants
(Concentrati
on 1 %)
M.O. Shelled Blended
water extract
M.O. Shelled Blended
oil Extracted water
extract
Alum
Synthetic
Kaolin
Water
Turbidity
(NTU)
Optimum
Dosage
mg/l
%
Reduction
in turbidity
Optimum
Dosage
mg/l
%
Reduction
in turbidity
Optimum
Dosage
mg/l
%
Reduction
in turbidity
50 70 63.6 50 78.7 30 92.84
150 130 84.8 100 83.24 40 96.84
450 300 93.1 150 94.22 50 98.40
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Conclusions
Moringaoleiferaseeds present a viable alternative to alum.
Increase dosage of Moringaoleiferalead to decrease
turbidity uptothe optimum dosageafter which the residual
turbidity increases due to flocrestabilizationIncreasing
initial turbidity, optimum dose is subsequently found to
increase.
Requirement dose for Moringaoleiferafor both Shelled
blended and shelled blended oil extractedwas higher than
alum all over the turbidities range from 50- 450 NTU.
Introduction Aim&
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Data Interpretation
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Methodology Materials
& Methods
The oil content in the seed will form an
emulsion or film coating which may inhibit
the contact with the surface of reaction and
thus reduce flocformation. Shelled blend oil
extractedMoringaoleiferahas been found
to be more effective than the shelled blended
seeds as a primary coagulant for turbid
water.
It is easy to prepare the suspension andcan
be use as household water treatment.
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M. oleiferaseed contains 40 % oil by weight & hence
after oil extraction waste product presscake contain
active component affecting coagulation in water
treatment, therefore farmers can promote for cultivation.
Using M. oleiferaas a replacement coagulant for
proprietary coagulants meets the meets the needs for
water technology in developing countries which is simple
to use, robust and cheap to both install and maintain
sustainable as household coagulant.
Introduction Aim&
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Conclusions Observations &
Data Interpretation
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Methodology Materials
& Methods
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Moringaoleiferais a consumer friendly and
environment friendly low alternative for rural
areas or small scale water treatment plant. M.
oleiferais a renewable resource can be grown
on large scale.
Researchshould therefore continue in this area
so as to apply it to small and large scale water
treatment in tropical development countries.
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Methodology Materials
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Thank You !!!
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