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There are 38 known isotopes and 17 nuclear isomers of tellurium (Te) with atomic masses that range from 105 to 142. These are listed
in the table below.
Naturally occurring tellurium on Earth consists of eight isotopes. Two of these have been found to be radioactive: 128Te and 130Te
undergo double beta decay with half-lives of, respectively, 2.21024 (2.2 septillion) years (the longest half-life of all nuclides proven to
be radioactive)[1] and 7.91020 (790 quintillion) years. The longest-lived artificial radioisotope is 121Te with a half-life of nearly 19
days. Several isomers have longer half-lives, the longest being 121mTe with a half-life of 154 days.
The very-long-lived radioisotopes 128Te and 130Te are the two most common isotopes of tellurium. Of elements with at least one stable
isotope, only indium and rhenium likewise have a radioisotope in greater abundance than a stable one.
It has been claimed that electron capture of 123Te was observed, but the recent measurements of the same team have disproved this.[2]
Tellurium-123's half life is longer than 5 x 1019 years, and probably much longer.[3]
124

Te can be used as a starting material in the production of radionuclides by a cyclotron or other particle accelerators. Some common
radionuclides that can be produced from tellurium-124 are iodine-123 and iodine-124.
The short-lived isotope 135Te (half-life 19 seconds) is produced as a fission product in nuclear reactors. It decays, via two beta decays,
to 135Xe, the most powerful known neutron absorber, and the cause of the iodine pit phenomenon.
Tellurium is the lightest element observed to commonly undergo alpha decay, with isotopes 106Te to 110Te being seen to undergo this
mode of decay; some lighter elements have isotopes with alpha decay as a rare branch.
Tellurium's standard atomic mass is: 127.60(3) u.

Table

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nuclide
symbol

Z(p) N(n) isotopic mass (u)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotopes_of_tellurium

half-life

[n 1]

decay
daughter nuclear
mode(s)[4][n 2] isotope(s)[n 3] spin

excitation energy
105

52

53 104.94364(54)#

1 s#

106

52

54 105.93750(14)

70(20) s
[70(+20-10) s]

107

52

55 106.93501(32)#

3.1(1) ms

Te
Te
Te

108

52

Te

56 107.92944(11)

5/2+#

102

(70%)

103

2.1(1) s

52

Te

57 108.92742(7)

+ (51%)

108

(49%)

104

Sb
Sn

, p (2.4%)
+, (.065%)

104

Sn

0+

In

109

, p (9.4%)

108

(7.9%)

105

+, (.005%)

105

Sb
Sn
Sn

(5/2+)

In

+, p (.003%)

109

111

, p (rare)

110

Sn

2.0(2) min

112

Sb

0+

113

Sb

(7/2+)

58 109.92241(6)

18.6(8) s

Te

52

59 110.92111(8)

19.3(4) s

52

60 111.91701(18)

Te

5/2+#

(99.99%)

52

112

0+

110

Te

111

Sb

107

110

Sn

(30%)

4.6(3) s

Sn

107

(86.99%)
109

Sb
Sn

Sb

0+

(5/2)+#

113

52

61 112.91589(3)

1.7(2) min

114

52

62 113.91209(3)

15.2(7) min

114

Sb

0+

115

52

63 114.91190(3)

5.8(2) min

115

Sb

7/2+

115

Sb

IT

115

Te

116

Sb

0+

Te
Te
Te

115m1

Te

115m2

Te

10(7) keV

6.7(4) min

280.05(20) keV

7.5(2) s

(1/2)+
11/2-

116

52

64 115.90846(3)

2.49(4) h

117

52

65 116.908645(14)

62(2) min

117

Sb

1/2+

103(3) ms

IT

117

Te

(11/2-)

Sb

0+
1/2+

Te
Te

117m

296.1(5) keV

Te

118

52

66 117.905828(16)

6.00(2) d

EC

118

119

52

67 118.906404(9)

16.05(5) h

119

Sb

(99.99%)

119

Sb

IT (.008%)

119

Te

Te
Te

119m

260.96(5) keV

Te

120

52

68 119.90402(1)

121

52

69 120.904936(28)

Te
Te

121m

293.991(22) keV

Te

4.70(4) d

Observationally Stable [n 4]
19.16(5) d
154(7) d

121

IT (88.6%)

121

(11.4%)

Sb
Te

121

Sb

122

52

70 121.9030439(16)

Stable [n 5]

123

52

71 122.9042700(16)

Observationally Stable [n 6]

Te
Te

123m

Te

247.47(4) keV

119.2(1) d

representative
range of natural
isotopic
variation
composition
(mole fraction)
(mole fraction)

IT

123

Te

11/20+

9(1)104

1/2+
11/20+

0.0255(12)

1/2+

0.0089(3)

11/2-

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124

52

72 123.9028179(16)

Stable [n 5]

125

52

73 124.9044307(16)

Stable [n 5]

Te
Te[n 7]

125m

144.772(9) keV

Te

126

52

Te

127

[n 7]

Te

52

127m
128

Te[n 7][n 8]

52

128m
129

Te[n 7]

52

129m

Te[n 7][n 8]

52

109(2) d

IT (97.6%)
-

(2.4%)

76 127.9044631(19) 2.2(3)1024 a[n 9] --

Te

0.0474(14)

1/2+

0.0707(15)

11/20+

127

3/2+

Te

127

11/2-

128

Xe

0+

129

33.6(1) d

3/2+
11/2-

78 129.9062244(21) 790(100)1018 a --

130

Xe

0+

2146.41(4) keV

115(8) ns

(7)-

130m2

2661(7) keV

1.90(8) s

(10+)

130m3

4375.4(18) keV

261(33) ns

Te
Te

131

[n 7]

Te

52

131m

182.250(20) keV

Te

Te[n 7]

79 130.9085239(21) 25.0(1) min

30(2) h

131

- (77.8%)

131

IT (22.2%)

131

I
I
Te

11/2-

52

80 131.908553(7)

3.204(13) d

132

0+

133

52

81 132.910955(26)

12.5(3) min

133

(3/2+)

- (82.5%)

133

IT (17.5%)

133

134

135

(98.7%)

136

-, n (1.3%)

135

- (97.01%)

137

133m

334.26(4) keV

Te

134

52

Te

134m

1691.34(16) keV

Te

135

[n 10]

Te

52

135m

Te

137

Te

138

Te

139

Te

140

Te

141

Te

142

Te

83 134.91645(10)
1554.88(17) keV

Te

136

82 133.911369(11)

55.4(4) min
41.8(8) min

I
Te
I

164.1(9) ns
19.0(2) s

84 135.92010(5)

17.63(8) s

52

85 136.92532(13)

2.49(5) s

52

86 137.92922(22)#

1.4(4) s

52

87 138.93473(43)#

500 ms
[>300 ns]#

52

88 139.93885(32)#

300ms
[>300 ns]#

52

89 140.94465(43)#

100ms
[>300 ns]#

52

90 141.94908(64)#

50 ms
[>300 ns]#

(11/2-)
0+
6+

510(20) ns

52

0.3408(62)

3/2+

132

Te

0.3174(8)

10+

130m1

Te

0.1884(25)

127

370(30) ns

77 128.9065982(19) 69.6(3) min

105.50(5) keV

Te

130

75 126.9052263(16) 9.35(7) h

2790.7(4) keV

Te

IT
Stable [n 5]

74 125.9033117(16)

88.26(8) keV

Te

57.40(15) d

125

0+

(7/2-)
(19/2-)

I
I
I

, n (2.99%)

136

- (93.7%)

138

I
I

, n (6.3%)

137

139

-, n

138

140

,n

139

141

,n

140

142

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I

0+

3/2-#

0+

5/2-#

0+

5/2-#
0+

1. ^ Bold for isotopes with half-lives longer than the age of the universe (nearly stable)

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2. ^ Abbreviations:
EC: Electron capture
IT: Isomeric transition
3. ^ Bold for stable isotopes
4. ^ Believed to undergo ++ decay to 120Sn with a half-life over 2.21016 years
5. ^ a b c d Theoretically capable of spontaneous fission
6. ^ Believed to undergo + decay to 123Sb with a half-life over 61014 years
7. ^ a b c d e f g Fission product
8. ^ a b Primordial radionuclide
9. ^ Longest measured half-life of any nuclide
10. ^ Very short-lived fission product, responsible for the iodine pit as precursor of 135Xe via 135I

Notes
Geologically exceptional samples are known in which the isotopic composition lies outside the reported range. The uncertainty in
the atomic mass may exceed the stated value for such specimens.
Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from systematic trends. Spins with weak
assignment arguments are enclosed in parentheses.
Uncertainties are given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits. Uncertainty values denote one standard
deviation, except isotopic composition and standard atomic mass from IUPAC which use expanded uncertainties.

References
1. ^ Many isotopes are expected to have longer half-lives, but decay has not yet been observed in these, allowing only a lower limit to be
placed on their half-lives
2. ^ A. Alessandrello et al. New Limits on Naturally Occurring Electron Capture of 123Te. Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 014323.
3. ^ New Limits on Naturally Occurring Electron Capture of 123Te full paper on arXive (http://arxiv.org/pdf/hep-ex/0211015.pdf) URL: [1]
(http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevC.67.014323) DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.014323.
4. ^ http://www.nucleonica.net/unc.aspx

Isotope masses from:

G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay
properties" (http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf). Nuclear Physics A 729: 3128.
Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A (http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003NuPhA.729....3A).
doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2003.11.001).
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
J. R. de Laeter, J. K. Bhlke, P. De Bivre, H. Hidaka, H. S. Peiser, K. J. R. Rosman and P. D. P. Taylor (2003). "Atomic
weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)" (http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/75/6/0683/pdf/).
Pure and Applied Chemistry 75 (6): 683800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683 (http://dx.doi.org
/10.1351%2Fpac200375060683).
M. E. Wieser (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)" (http://iupac.org/publications
/pac/78/11/2051/pdf/). Pure and Applied Chemistry 78 (11): 20512066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051 (http://dx.doi.org
/10.1351%2Fpac200678112051). Lay summary (http://old.iupac.org/news/archives/2005/atomic-weights_revised05.html).
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
G. Audi, A. H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon (2003). "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay
properties" (http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/amdc/nubase/Nubase2003.pdf). Nuclear Physics A 729: 3128.
Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A (http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2003NuPhA.729....3A).
doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.nuclphysa.2003.11.001).
National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.1 database" (http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/nudat2/). Brookhaven National Laboratory.
Retrieved September 2005.
N. E. Holden (2004). "Table of the Isotopes". In D. R. Lide. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). CRC
Press. Section 11. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.

Isotopes of antimony

Isotopes of tellurium

Isotopes of iodine

Table of nuclides

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Categories: Tellurium Isotopes of tellurium Lists of isotopes by element

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