GD Topics

Knowledge Capsule: GD Topics with Content
1. Age and Youth: Experience & Young Talent

In Favor to Age:-

They have more practical knowledge rather than bookish knowledge.
Aged people have more patience than youth. Most of the young people easily get bored by some
routine work in organization.
Most of the violent activities are done by youth. Because many young people are overemotional.
Youth are easily get influenced by movies, but aged people don't.
Youth gains talent and knowledge by the books written by the experienced people.
Everyone prefers to take decisions from aged than the youth.
Decision making can be done effectively by aged people than youth. Because most of the young
people take decisions spontaneously without thinking of consequences.
In Favor to Youth:-

Youth have more creativity compared to aged.
Youth have more competitive spirit.
Youth are more flexible to situations.
Youth have more zeal to work than to earn money, when compared to aged people.
Youth have more awareness about new technology updates.
Some people may not acquire practical knowledge with age. In that case, young talent comes
first.
Conclusion:-
Talent completely depends on the individual regardless of age. However any organization takes
employees based on the demands of it, whether it needs judgmental capacity gained by age or the
energy and talent of youth. Age and Youth, both are like two eyes. Any organization needs both.


2. Are Advertisements Beneficial or misleading?
Points to be known:-
Advertisements are an integral part of modern life.
Advertisement is a process of promotion of goods and services through media, such as TV,
Radio, and Newspaper etc.
The focus of today's advertisements is, by hook or crook, to promote the business.
In Favor:-
All kinds of businesses depend on advertisement, particularly at the time of launching new
products.
It is the fastest way to point across. Through advertising, anyone can reach large number of
people in a short period of time.
People can know the whole range of products available in the market along with their price.
People can select the products of their need.
In the absence of advertisements they cannot possibly know which products are available in the
market.
The recruitment columns in the newspapers offer wide opportunities to job seekers to get
employment as per their qualifications, experience and skills. Lakhs of people get suitable placements
due to these advertisements.
There are business opportunities, sale and purchase of various types of goods from household
goods to old vehicles.
There are advertisements about lost or found things, missing things.
There can be alerts in commercials about a criminal on the loose, warning the people to be
careful.
So many students buy newspaper for classifieds.
Parents can search suitable match for their young children.
Without advertising, we wouldn't have our favourite TV. shows.
Without advertising, newspapers would be very expensive and most people wouldn't buy it.
In Against:-
Cost of advertisement affects the cost of product. It will become burden to costumer.
The promoters only emphasize on the merits.
Advertisers present the product as a favourite of the celebrities. This has great influence on
young minds.
People are preferring readymade food than fruits and vegetables through advertising. These
new habits are adversely impacting their health.
Some pesticides, though in very small quantities were found in common cold drinks. But
advertisers are not revealing this fact.


All cosmetic products are advertised in the name of fruit extracts, the chemical contents are
neither displayed nor printed on the product cover.
Teenagers are attracted by cigarette, alcohol and diet pills advertisements, and their health is
adversely effecting by these habits.
Consumers tend to be manipulated by an advertisement's promise that the product will do
something special for them, which upsets their budget.
An advertisement for an expensive good is likely to create an ill-feeling in the mind of a poor
teenager who cannot afford it. Such feelings often lead to hatred and anti-social activities.
Conclusion:-

The advertisers should keep fine balance between reality and urge to promote the product. There is
nothing in this world which is perfect, everything has some good points and some bad. It's better to
ignore the disadvantages and concentrate on the positive role that the advertisements are playing today
in laying bare the whole market before us so that we exercise a judicious choice. It's up to us to monitor
ourselves.


3. Are Big Dams Necessary?
In the year 1947, there were around 300 large dams in India. And now, there are almost 4,300
large dams.
India holds a strong position in the list of dam building countries after US and China.
In
Favor:-
Dams are for supplying water for irrigation, prevention of floods and to generate electricity.
Dams are the main source for water in dry areas.
It's good to use technology for our survival.
In
Against:-
To construct a large dam, many people have to leave their homes. Since 1947, 4,300 large dams
in India have displaced over 42 million.
Some Dams are occupying forests. Hence causing deforestation.
As there is no flow of water, water becomes stagnated and causes spreading of water-borne
diseases and releases greenhouse gases.
Big dams cause earthquakes because of the weight of water in reservoirs.
If a large dam is damaged, it will affect the lives of lakhs of people.
In the worlds worst dam disaster in China in 1975 when two large dams burst as many as 2,
30,000 people died.
Alternatives:
-
Through rainwater harvesting' rain can be caught on rooftops and channelled into tanks.
Use electricity more efficiently without wasting it.
Conclusion:
-
No dam or dam above all is both wrong. We definitely need dams because rainy season is
only 3 months a year. Govt. must take responsibility for rehabilitation of the people, who are going to be
displaced, dams must be built on a strong rock foundation and total dam must be strong enough to
tolerate natural disasters.


4. Are foreign television channels destroying our culture?
International channels available in India are TV5MONDE Asie, Deutsche Welle, CCTV 9, Australia
Network, KBS World, NHK World, TBN, BBC World, CNN, Russia Today, Channel News Asia, F TV, INDIA
Live24 24hr, HOME SHOP 24X7, TELE SHOPPING channel.

In
Favor:-
Now-a-days people can't able to talk pure mother tongue because they are watching foreign TV
channels most of the time.
These channels have adverse effect on institution of marriage.
Some people try to imitate the trends which are shown in TV.
Fashion TV in the name of exhibiting new trends, vulgarity has been showing.
Children and youth are easily fascinated towards bad things than the good things.
After the introduction of foreign channels, there is a drastic change in our culture.

In
Against:-
Culture depends on a person's perception. Nobody can destroy our culture without our
permission.
As world is becoming a global village, we must be ready to embrace all other cultures and have a
knowledge about it.
By having foreign TV channels, we can able to know about world shows and can participate in
them.
Discovery, National Geographic, BBC and much more foreign channels expand our knowledge.
Through star sports, Ten sports we can see the sports of all countries.
Cartoon Network, which is the best channel for kids.
With the new DTH technology users can subscribe the channels as per their wish.
Parents can lock those channels, which are dangerous to children.
We can't blame foreign channels as some local channels are also destroying our culture.
It's not their mistake because they are just following their culture.

Conclusion:
-

Every coin has two sides; we should take only positive side. We are responsible for our deeds. But of
course, I&B ministers should take necessary steps for the controlled telecast of visual media whether it
is foreign or local channel.


5. Balance between Professionalism and Family

Professionalism and family can be described as the two sides of the same coin as both are
equally important in one's life.
Profession gives us an individual identity and financial security and family gives us an emotional
security.
In today's hi-tech busy lifestyle one cannot find the time to spend with his/her family. They may
lead a luxurious life but there is absence of peace of mind.
Without profession there will be no meaning of our life in present generation. Profession is not
for just to earn money for family but for our self-satisfaction.
With the development of newer technologies and each and everything we need money not only
for fill our hunger but also for survival in the better society.
Professionalism is important but not as much as relationships.

Professionalism is not all about being a workaholic. It is all about knowing your priorities and
acting professionally both at the workplace and at home.
Being more workaholic leads to express frustration on family members. It will lead to a bad
impact on children.
Some people are not spending with their family even in holidays, to earn more money. They
should remember that money is just a tool for happiness. Money can't give someone who shares our
sorrows and happiness.
If we concentrate only on professionalism we may get fame and money but we lose many
sweetest moments in our life.
Going to abroad for just to earn money is not a good choice. He can't be replaced by money for
his family.
Some people are not concentrating on their children because they are giving much more priority
to their profession. So children may feel insecure and it may lead to wrong path.
To achieve goals sometimes we need to sacrifice family. For example the people in the army, in
order to serve the country they have to stay away from their families.
If both parents are working it's better to stay in joint family. So that children will be taken care
by their grandparents or relatives.
Avoid procrastination.
Plan the weekends with family by keeping the office matters aside.
Prioritize the things and plan effectively. So that one can have free time.
We should not do office work in the home unless we really need to.
If we spend some time with family, obviously there will be no need to go to the psychiatrist for
stress relief.
The ultimate goal of everyone is being happy. So, We must make ourselves and our family
happy.
Make a habit of saying 'no' to the unimportant matters and spend that time with family.
If one of the tracks is damaged in railway track, train will be derailed, so as in life,
professionalism and family plays same role.


Inner strength plays a big role in balancing professionalism and family.
If we learn to balance between professionalism and family, our children follow us and stay in the
correct path.

Conclusion:-

The important thing to balance profession and family is saying no to unimportant events. By planning
everything before, anyone can balance both. Only one of these can't fulfil a person. We should
remember the fact that the ultimate goal of anyone is happiness and peace.


6. Brain-Drain has to be stopped

Brain-Drain means settling in foreign country. It can be simply defined as the mass emigration of
technically skilled people from one country to another country.
Brain-Drain is occurring because of lack of opportunities or lack of facilities for practical
education in higher education in their own country or because of political instability or for other
reasons.

In Favor:-
Because of Brain-Drain India is still remaining as developing country. Indians must utilize their
knowledge and skills for India to make our India as developed country.
If all Indians utilize their skills for India, India will be the top most developed country in the total
world. Because India has much skilled manpower.
Not only in case of India but also in every country, if everybody serves their country, every
country will become developed and standard of living of every person increases.
Developed countries attracting the citizens of developing countries by high salaries and using
their skills for themselves.
In Against:-
It completely depends on individual. Everybody have a right of freedom.
Most of the NRIs are returning India and using their money, which they earned
in foreign country to develop their native place or for charities.
Some people are going foreign for better studies and they are returning India and serving our
country. It'll be really an asset for India.

Conclusion: -

In my view, we should not compel anyone to be in their native place against their will. It's
better if we make them realize that everyone must have will to serve their country and desire to see
their country as developed. And the main solution for stopping the brain drain is providing opportunities
for everyone in one's own country to prove them.


7. Bullet For Bullet: Is It The Right Policy?
In favor:-
If someone is going to kill us, and if there is no chance to survive without killing them, then we
have a right to kill them under the Article 21 as per our constitution.
If we keep on forgiving the terrorists, terrorism may not be terminated.
If any person knows that we don't punish them, then number of criminals increases.
In Against:-
As per Gandhis words "An Eye for an Eye leaves the whole world Blind", bullet for bullet is not a
right policy.
Some people innocently doing crimes. In that case, we should not kill them. Instead we should
educate them about what is good and what is bad.
If there is chance of discussing, we should discuss for better results, instead of killing.

Conclusion:-
Bullet for bullet depends on the situation. If we suffered because of them, there is no use by
suffering them by doing the mistake which they have done. If we have a threat from them, then Bullet
for bullet is the best policy. Otherwise just forgive them, and live your own life. Life is too short to be
serious.


8. Can Trade help the poor?
Exchange of goods and services is called as 'Trade'.
In ancient days, goods were exchanged directly. Later money is being used as medium of
exchange.
'Free trade' refers to a general openness to exchange goods, labor and information between and
among nations with no barriers.
'Fair Trade movement' began in 1950's with the aim of eradicating poverty in developing
nations. Fair Trade focuses on exports from developing countries to developed countries, most
notably handicrafts, coffee, cocoa, sugar, tea, bananas, honey,cotton, wine,
fresh fruit, chocolate, flowers and gold.
In Favor:-
It helps poor people to become middle class people by paying fair wages.
It creates the quality of entrepreneurship in poor people, So that their standard of living
increases.
It supports the people, who have small business farms.
It provides safer and healthier working environment especially for women.
It's an advantage for all developing countries as it increases country's economy by exporting
goods.
In Against:-
More than half of the poor people are not aware of Trade.
The goods imported through fair trade are of low cost than the goods produced in that country.
There is a chance that super markets may buy imported goods and sell them as the local goods for high
cost as there is no separate label for fair trade products.
Local companies suffer from high competition.
By free Trade, people have no restrictions to move from one country to another. By this,
National security is at stake.

Conclusion:-
'Fair Trade' is better than Free Trade. Fair Trade is a boon for developing countries as it helps to
eradicate poverty and every person will have a decent life. It'll be nice, if Govt. provides awareness
programs about Trade in poor people.


9. Depreciation of Indian Rupee

Depreciation of Currency means decrease in the value of currency compared to the Dollar.
In 1947, 1 Indian Rupee = 1 US Dollar. Present value (on 07-12-2012) is 1 US Dollar = 54.47
Indian Rupees.

Causes :-
High interest rates:- High interest rates may attract foreign investors, but practically high
interest rates leads to increase in the government debt, thereby GDP growth comes down. Then foreign
investors are unsure of their returns, thereby they may take their investments back. It leads to Rupee
depreciation.
Demand for Dollar:- When the demand increases the value increases. So, if the demand for
dollar increases, it's value increases. And purchasing power parity reduces. Thereby Rupee values
decreases.
Inflation: - Inflation means increase in prices of commodities. If the inflation increases,
purchasing power parity of consumers decreases. Thereby they buy less. It leads to economic recession.
Thereby rupee value decreases.
Unemployment: - Higher unemployment leads to decline in GDP growth. Hence Rupee values
decreases.
Changes in International trade: - With the increase in rates of the products which we import,
we have to pay more dollars. Then, demand of dollar increases leads to decline in the value of Rupee.
Trade deficit: - If a nation's imports are more than exports, it's called trade deficit or trade gap.
If exports are less, demand for rupee decreases. It leads to rupee depreciation.
Budget deficit: - If the expenditure is more than the income, it is called Budget deficit. When
budget deficit occurs, the country may not be attracted by foreign investors and hence the currency
value decreases.
Effects of Rupee depreciation: -
Because of the Rupee depreciation, Exporters are at benefit as they will get more rupees for
same amount of dollars.
Importers are at loss as they have to pay more Rupees for the same amount of dollars.
Foreign investors will lose confidence in the country's economy and they will take back their
investments leading to further depreciation of rupee.
The price of the goods which have to be imported increases.
Tourism and studies in foreign will become expensive.
NRIs are at benefit as they will get more rupees for the same amount of dollars.

Conclusion:- Even though some temporary benefits are there by currency depreciation, it's not good
for the country's economy. Our Government must take necessary steps to appreciate the value of
Rupee. Again the value of Indian Rupee should become equal to the value of US Dollar.


10. Internet - a boon or a bane?

In Favor:-
Because of internet world has become a global village.
Students can take any course in any college through E-learning.
The new innovations and resources can be shared because of easy communication.
We can easily book railway tickets and movie tickets in online.
Transfer of files made easy.
There is no limit to store information in internet.
Easy communication with relatives, who are staying far away.
We can find information about anything.
We can develop our skills through many free courses available in internet.
We can be in track of updates.
We can buy products easily in internet.
We can apply for jobs in online.
Everyone can express their own views.
Internet can be used for entertainment such as playing video games, watching movies etc.
In Against:-
Lack of security as hackers can easily theft data or can manipulate it.
Children and youth can be easily misled by the wrong content in some wrong websites.
Through Internet, viruses spread easily and total data can be corrupted.
Some are wasting their precious time because of internet.
Everyone can express their own views. But if they provide wrong information about something,
many people may mislead. For example, the lives of celebrities.

Conclusion:-
Internet is definitely a boon. We should utilize technology to compete with this fast
world. Every coin has two sides. It's up to us to receive well and to leave bad.


11. Is FDI good for India?

Points to be known: -
Full form of FDI is 'Foreign Direct Investment'.
FDI can be defined as 'one company can invest on physical means such as lands, factories and
mines in another company of another country to acquire lasting management interest'.
The host company and the company, which is investing together form a 'multinational
corporation' (MNC).
Through FDI, the company, which invests will have control over the host company.

In Favor: -
FDI helps in the economic development of the host country (where the investment is being
made).
For origin and host countries, FDI provides access to new technologies, products, skills and
organizational and management strategies.
Employment increases in the host country.
Origin country (the country which makes the investment) also develops economically.
Competition increases. So that, with the competitive spirit, every company improves to its best.
Through FDI in production companies, price reduction is possible.
FDI is a boon for the small companies to become more actively involved in international
business activities.
Agriculture related people get good price for their goods as middle men will be eliminated.
In Against: -
With the FDI in retail sector, small companies and merchants will suffer a lot.
Inflation (the rise in prices over a period of time) may be increased.
Technological dependence on foreign technology sources.

Conclusion: -
FDI is good for any country to develop economically and also technologically.


12. Nuclear Energy in India - Boon or Bane?

Nuclear power is the fourth-largest source of electricity
in India after thermal, hydroelectric and renewable sources of electricity.
There are 442 nuclear reactors in the world. And some more nuclear plants are in construction.
As of 2010, India has 20 nuclear reactors in operation in six nuclear power plants, generating
4,780 MW, while 5 other plants are under construction and are expected to generate an additional
2,720 MW.
India plans to increase nuclear power output to 64,000 MW by 2032. It aims to supply 25% of
electricity from nuclear power by 2050.
Six nuclear power plants in India are located in Kaiga in Karnataka, Kakrapar
in Gujarat, Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu, Narora in Uttar Pradesh, Rawatbhata in Rajasthan, Tarapur in
Maharashtra.
India involved in ITER ( International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor ), which consists
European Union, United States, Japan, China, South Korea, and Russia as other members.
Indo - US nuclear deal was done on July 18th, 2005, under which India agreed to separate its
civil and military nuclear facilities and place all its civil nuclear facilities under International Atomic
Energy Agency (IAEA) safeguards and, in exchange, the United States agreed to work toward full civil
nuclear cooperation with India.

In Favor:-
Nuclear fission produces energy equal to 10 million times of the energy produced by burning of
an atom of fossil fuel or hydro or wind power.
Through Nuclear plants, we can save our planet from Global warming as there is no release of
greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and chlorofluorocarbon) during nuclear reaction.
By burning fossil fuels, poisonous CO2 releases.
Uranium is obtained from open-cut mines, which is not expensive. And Currently, the high
reserves of uranium found on Earth, are expected to last for another 100 years.
Nuclear fuel is inexpensive and easier to transport.
Nuclear Energy can be produced in large quantities over short periods of time.
When compared to the fossil fuel waste, the nuclear waste which occurs due to the production
of nuclear power is small in quantity.
We can save oil reserves which are going to be run out at some point.

In Against:-
Nuclear plants are dangerous if it explodes. Thousands of people suffered in the
nuclear accident happened in Chernobyl in 1986. Recently, on March 11th, 2011, four nuclear reactors
exploded in Japan due to earth quake. And there are 17 nuclear plant explosions happened in the
world till now.
Nuclear power releases radiation, which causes severe health problems to the people in its
surroundings. The radiation released by this, lasts for tens of thousands of years in the
environment.
In Japan, at the place of nuclear reactors which are exploded, high radio activity was found
in water, leafy vegetables, sea food, and in the people, who are working for reconstruction those
power plants now.


Nuclear reactors last for about 40 to 50 years.
Terrorists may take advantage of this and may produce nuclear weapons, which is a great
risk for entire world.
Even though it produces small amount of waste, it is highly hazardous. And the long-
term storage of this waste is too difficult.
Nuclear plant is highly expensive.
Uranium is not renewable. If the resources of uranium are completely used, there isn't
any more.

Conclusion:-

It's definitely a bane as it is highly dangerous. What is the use of this power, when people
are suffering from severe health problems. It's not too difficult to live without power, but it's difficult to
live without good health. Growth of Technology should not be a danger for human survival. We should
work more on alternatives such as solar energy and hydroelectric energies etc.


13. Women Empowerment in India

Need for women empowerment: -
"There is no chance of the welfare of the world unless the condition of women is improved. It
is not possible for a bird to fly on one wing."- Swami Vivekananda.
There are so many women, who are silently baring the harassment of their life partners
because of the lack of education, lack of legal awareness and lack of empowerment in women.
When women are empowered, all the society benefits.

Educating women about health care promotes healthier families.
Even though a woman works 24/7 to raise her children and to maintain her family, she is not
getting recognition for her work at least in her home.
Points to be known :-
Year '2001' was declared as the "women's empowerment year".
Article 15(3) of Indian constitution - Special provisions for women.
Article 16 - Equal opportunities for all citizens in public employment irrespective of caste, sex,
religion.
Article 39 - The citizen, men & women equally have the right to an adequate means of
livelihood.
Article 51 A (e) - One of the duties of every citizen is to renounce practices derogatory to the
dignity of woman.
Judiciary : Section 14 of the Hindu Succession Act 1956 - Property of a female Hindu to be her
absolute property.
Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act 2005 - Women get equal share in the ancestral property.
STEP (Support to training cum Employment for women) - To increase the self-reliance and
autonomy of women by enhancing their productivity & enabling them to take up income generation
activity.
SSA (Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan) - For girl child education. It leads to increase in the Gender Parity
Index (GPI).
The National literacy Mission or Saakshar Bharat - Literacy of women. Literacy is the critical
instrument of women's empowerment.
National Rural Health Mission - Educating women on health care. It has resulted in the decline
in fertility rates, Maternal mortality rates (MMR), Infant mortality rates (IMR).
SHG (Self Help Groups) - For economic development in women by giving micro finances.
GB (Gender budgeting) - Identifying the felt needs of women and re-prioritizing and increasing
expenditure to meet these needs.
NMEW (National Mission for Empowerment of Women) - To ensure economic & social
empowerment of women.
How can we take part :-
First of all, the woman must have the will to be independent & to be the best of her, and then
rest of everything follows.
Creating legal awareness among women about their rights.


Educating women. Education makes them independent.
Skill development programs.
Forming groups. Unity gives strength to everyone.
And many more little things which makes significant difference and leads to the great future.

Conclusion:

The Government and we, the people have responsibility towards women empowerment. And
we can achieve this 'Millennium Development Goal' definitely. One day will come, when gender
inequality will only be present in the history books.


14. Should euthanasia / mercy killing be legalized?
Euthanasia means the painless killing of a patient suffering from an incurable and painful
disease or an irreversible coma.
Euthanasia is of two types, one is active and another is passive. Passive Euthanasia means
stopping the treatment which is of no use and allowing the patient to die peacefully.
Active Euthanasia means injecting the poison to make the patient die.
Determining Euthanasia has two cases. One is the person is able to express his willingness to die
because of unbearable pain. And the second case is the patient is being in coma and unable to express
his views, in that case patient's relatives and doctors have to take the decision.
In Netherlands, both active and passive euthanasia are legalized. In United Kingdom, only
passive euthanasia is legalized. In remaining countries, it isn't legalized.
Earliest story of euthanasia is found in the Talmud (Avoda Zara 18). One of the ten martyrs,
Rabbi Hanina ben Teradyon, was burnt at the stake holding a Torah scroll. His students stood around
and said to him, Rebbe, open your mouth. Let the flames and smoke enter your body and choke you so
that you will die quicker and not suffer this terrible torture. He said, No. God gave me my soul. Only
He should retrieve it from me.

In Favor:-
It should be allowed, if there is no hope of life and the pain is so high. And It should be decided
at least two qualified doctors.
It should be legalized to the patients who are in 'persistent vegetative state' ( the state of
patients who are living through ventilators and there is no ray of hope).
In Against:-
Science and technology is increasing rapidly, there is a chance of inventing medicines for
incurable diseases too.
If euthanasia is legalized, some doctors won't think of alternatives for living.
By legalizing this, many people may think as suicide is legalized. They easily go for suicide even
for small difficulties.
If the patient is not in a state to express his/her views, his/her relatives may choose euthanasia
for him/her for their selfish reasons.
Conclusion:-

It should be legalized if the pain of the patient's pain is intolerable and there is no chance to
survive, but with strict rules like more than two doctors conformation and the patient's family
acceptance. However, Doctors should try for their life up to maximum possibility. Because Life is a gift of
God. It should not be taken by us.


15. Relevance of Gandhi in modern world.
Why Gandhi is relevant in modern world?
In modern world violence is increasing rapidly.
Nuclear weapons and terrorism are becoming common in this modern world.
So many people are getting more and more divided into national, religious and ethnic
compartments.
We need guidance and the direction to save the world from this desperate situation. In
this situation, Gandhi is becoming more and more relevant because of his ideology,non-violence and so
many good things, which should be learned by all.

Things we should learn from Gandhiji:-
Non-violence:- Gandhiji practically proved that anyone can win through non-violence.
Speak truth always.
Let your life be your message:- Live your life the best way you can. Improve yourself by learning
from your mistakes.
Do the right thing and Fear Nobody.
Lead a simple, stress-free life:- Gandhiji used to ware simple dresses and simple things, which
are required to live peacefully. he lead a simple and stress-free life.
Learn from your mistakes.
Eat simple food:- Gandhiji used to take a balanced diet and he is a pure vegetarian.
Keep trying and do not lose confidence in yourself.
Equality:- Gandhiji used to say that everyone must be treated equally regardless of their
place, religion, sex and money.
Do not submit to injustice from anyone.
Unity is strength:- Gandhiji is the leader of the masses. He used to talk with people directly and
he used to say 'Let's fight together'.
Be the change you wish to see in the world.
Stand for an idea:- If you believe in something, just stand for that in whatever situation.
Believe in yourself.
Forgive:- An eye for an eye will only make the whole world blind.
Do not bear ill will toward anyone.
Reduce, reuse and recycle:- There is enough in the world for everyones need, but not for
everyones greed.
Be humble, whichever position you have.
Start today:- The difference between what we do, and what we are capable of doing, would
solve most of the worlds problems.
Accumulate little:- By possessing fewer things our life automatically becomes simpler.
Conclusion:-
To the Indians, Gandhi gave a democratic nation. And to the world he showed that how the
politicians should be. He practically proved that we can win without doing violence. He taught so much
to the world. We should learn from Gandhiji's principles. Let's learn the good things from Gandhiji and
lead a peaceful and successful Life.
16. Examination - Has it killed Education?


Ancient China was the first country in the world that implemented a national wide standardized
test, which was called as 'Imperial examination' in 605 AD. The purpose of examination was to select for
able candidates for specific governmental positions. This examination system was later applied to
education.
In closed book system, the test taker was tested based on the memory to respond to specific
items. In open book system, the test taker was tested based on the analyzing capability, test taker can
use a reference book and a calculator when responding to an item.

In Favor:-
Most of the exams pattern is not sufficient to evaluate the real capabilities of the student.
generally, there are some important questions which comes every year. So some students just
byhearting the answers for them like robots and getting good score even though they are not aware of
the actual concept.
There are many exams annually like daily, weekly and monthly tests. So, students barely has any
time for extracurricular activities.
In present generation schools and colleges unnecessarily pressuring everyone including kids to
get above 90%.
Most of the private colleges are not conducting practicals, they are just focusing on theoretical
subjects to make their students toppers so that their college can become famous. By this students are
not knowing the applicability of subjects.
Because of excess pressure of examinations some students committing suicide.
Some of the persons, who corrects the paper are giving marks based on number of papers
without seeing the actual content. This discourages the students who have real worth.

In Against:-
Examinations help to evaluate an individual academically.
It helps the student understand the pressure which he/she will face in their professional lives.
Exams help in facing competition.
Exams help the students stay connected to their books. If there are no exams, most of the
students don't concern about studies.
Through Exams students can know the areas which they are weak, so that they concentrate
more on those areas.
If we qualify a person without exams, it may lead to critical situations like a doctor would kill
many of his patients.

Conclusion:-

Examinations are not killing the education, but the pattern of some exams are killing it. Questions must
in a way to make students think about it in order to write an answer. The weightage of practicals should
be more than the theoretical subjects. Exams must include projects, assignments and presentations to
judge the actual worth of a student.


17. Is China a threat to Indian software industry?
In Favor:-
Chinese software Baidu (search engine) is in 6th position among top websites of the world.
Chinese softwares such as QQ (instant messenger), and Xunlei (download manager) are well
known today.
Chinese softwares are of less cost. So, people prefer them.
Some software professionals are not working for India. They are working for foreign countries.
More than 100,000 Indians migrating to the United States each year for better-paid software jobs. This
is a big disadvantage to Indian software industry.
China has skilled man power.
Chinese government and industry program is shaping tie-ups with colleges abroad and investing
millions of dollars in research laboratories and equipment.
In Against:-
English accent and no. of English speakers are more in India than the China. Softwares are better
accepted by all if they are in English version.
China's offshore software industry is limited to Japan and South Korea due to language barriers.
At present, India is far ahead than China in IT sector and it is developing too fast to catch it.
Only six of China's 30 biggest software companies are qualified at level five or four of the
capability-maturity model. On the other hand, all of the top 30 Indian software companies have
surpassed these benchmarks.
The top 10 Chinese information technology services companies have only about 20% share of
the market compared with 45% garnered by India's top 10.
Top 10 Indian companies exported more software than Russia and China put together
Many Indian companies have already started recruiting from Chinese universities. It's becoming
a plus to India.
Conclusion:-
In my view, China is definitely not a threat to Indian software industry as India is far ahead
than China in IT sector and the India's technology is developing faster. Anyway, it's good to
have healthy competition. Competition helps both countries to develop themselves


.18. Media is a mixed blessing/How ethical is media?
Media is about all the ways you can get information books, e-media, magazines,
newspapers, radio, and television.
In present generation media is playing a very important role.
Media is a freedom of speech especially in democratic countries.

In Against:-
Media played a big role in getting independence to India as it created awareness in people.
Through media, we can know the happenings around us.
It is the communication from the country to country.
We can know the jobs available and products available through advertising.
It helps people to realize their duties.
It helps citizens realize how people in the army lay their lives to save ours.
It helps the country fight against issues like terrorism.
It helps to punish the criminals soon.
Media is reducing corruption by creating fear to take bribe as it is showing the pictures of the
people who are taking bribe.
In Favor:-
In Mumbai attacks (26/11), media caused increase of the problem. Terrorists were able to see
what's happening there, and threw grenades at the commandos.
Media creates a hype of everything.
Through media rumors are spreading on celebrities.
Most of the times their allegations are not true. This puts lives of many people and their career
at stake.
News channels want to create a sensation in order to gain audience attention instead of giving
the actual information to the people.
News channels are showing people, several ways to kill, and rob etc. By this number of criminals
is increasing day by day.
Some politicians are using news channels to show news in their favor. People cannot able to
know the actual truth as different channel says the matter differently.
It is making criminals as celebrities.
Conclusion:-

Govt. should limit the no. of news channels and must regulate the channels which are already
present. Media must be ethical enough to preserve our traditions and culture and Indian values. We can
accept Media until it doesn't cross it's limits


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