KING’S GLORY EDUCATIONAL CENTRE

CE MOCK EXAMINATION 2004

ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
A. LEUNG

Suggested Answer

Prepared by A. Leung
King’s Glory Educational Centre
All Rights Reserved 2004
2004-CE-ADD.MATH-1

-1-
 Additional Mathematics suggested solution

Section A

1. Let P(n) be the proposition.

n(n + 1)(n + 5)
P(n) : T1 + T2 + T3 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ +Tn =
3
1(1 + 1)(1 + 5)
When n = 1, L.H.S. = T1 = 1(1 + 3) = 4 , R.H.S. = =4
3
∴ P (1) is true.

k (k + 1)(k + 5)
Assume P (k ) is true, i.e. T1 + T2 + T3 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ +Tk =
3

When n = k + 1, L.H.S. = (T1 + T2 + T3 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ +Tk ) + Tk +1

k (k + 1)(k + 5)
= + (k + 1)(k + 4)
3

k +1 2
=
3
(
k + 5k + 3k + 12 )

(k + 1)(k + 2)(k + 6)
=
3

∴ P (k + 1) is also true.

By the principle of mathematical induction, the proposition is true for all positive integers n.

r
th
2. The (r+1) term in descending powers of x = C 18
r (x )
2 18 − r ⎛2⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ x⎠

( )
= 2 r C r18 x 36−3r

For x 3 , power of x = 3, 36 − 3r = 3 , r = 11

Coefficient of x 3 = 211 C1118 = 65175552.

-2-
3. f ( x) = x 2 + (3 + m) x + (2m − 2) . Let A(α , 0) , B( β , 0) be the coordinates of intersection.

α , β are the roots of the equation x 2 + (3 + m) x + (2m − 2) = 0 .

α + β = −(3 + m) αβ = 2m − 2

α−β =2 5

(α − β )2 = 20

(α + β )2 − 4αβ = 20

[− (3 + m)]2 − 4αβ = 20

(m − 3)(m + 1) = 0

m=3 or m = −1

4. (2 x + 1)(y 3 − 2 y + 1) + (x 2 + x + 5)(3 y 2 − 2) dy = 0
dx

dy (2 x + 1) (y 3 − 2 y + 1)
=− 2
dx (x + x + 5)(3 y 2 − 2)
dy 3
=
dx (1, 0 ) 14

Equation of tangent is y =
3
(x − 1)
14

i.e. 3x − 14 y − 3 = 0

-3-
5. (a) I = ∫ 15 cos 4 θ (cosθ dθ )

Let t = sin θ , dt = cosθ dθ

I = ∫ 15(1 − t 2 ) 2 dt

∫ 15(1 − 2t + t 4 ) dt
2
=

= 15t − 10t 3 + 3t 5 + c

= 15 sin θ − 10 sin 3 θ + 3 sin 5 θ + c

dy
(b) y=∫ dx
dx

∫ 15 cos
5
= x dx

= 15 sin x − 10 sin 3 x + 3 sin 5 x + c

π
When x = ,y=6
2

15 − 10 + 3 + c = 6

c = −2

Equation of C is y = 3 sin 5 x − 10 sin 3 x + 15 sin x − 2

-4-
 3
6. (a) tan 2θ =
4

2 tan θ 3
=
1 − tan θ 4
2

8 tan θ = 3 − 3 tan 2 θ

3 tan 2 θ + 8 tan θ − 3 = 0

(3 tan θ − 1)(tan θ + 3) = 0

1
tan θ = (tan θ > 0)
3

r
(b) tan θ =
h

1
r= h
3

1
V = πr 2 h
3

2
1 ⎛1 ⎞
= π ⎜ h⎟ h
3 ⎝3 ⎠

π
= h3
27

Differentiate both sides with respect to time t,

dV π ⎛ 2 dh ⎞
= ⎜ 3h ⎟
dt 27 ⎝ dt ⎠

-5-
 π dh
= h2
9 dt

dV
Now, h = 8 , = 40π
dt

π
40π =
9
( 8 )
2 dh
dt

dh 45
=
dt 8

45
water level is increasing at cm / min at that instant.
8

7. 2 cos 5 x cos 2 x = 3 cos 5 x

cos 5 x(2 cos 2 x − 3 ) = 0

3
cos 5 x = 0 or cos 2 x =
2

5 x = (2m + 1) 90 o or 2 x = 360 o n ± 30 o where m, n are integers.

x = (2m + 1)18 o or x = 180 o n + 15 o

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 m−4 2
8. (a) = where m is the slope of the required line.
1 + 4m 9

9m − 36 = 2 + 8m or 9m − 36 = −2 − 8m

m = 38 or m=2

⎛ 1+ k ⎞
(b) − ⎜ ⎟=2 (m < 3)
⎝ 7 − 2k ⎠

1 + k = −14 + 4k

k =5

Equation of required line is 6 x − 3 y − 17 = 0

10k + 3 v 4k + 11 v
9. (a) OP = i+ j
1+ k 1+ k

v v
(b) AB = 7i − 7 j

Q OP ⊥ AB , OP ⋅ AB = 0

⎛ 10k + 3 v 4k + 11 v ⎞ v v
⎜ i+ j ⎟ ⋅ (7i − 7 j ) = 0
⎝ 1+ k 1+ k ⎠

-7-
 7
[(10k + 3)(1) − (4k + 11)(1)] = 0
1+ k

6k − 8 = 0

4
k=
3

v v v v
(c) OP = 7i + 7 j , OA = 3 i + 11 j

OP ⋅ OA = OP OA cos ∠AOP

v v v v
(7i + 7 j ) ⋅ (3 i + 11 j ) = 7 2 + 7 2 3 2 + 112 cos ∠AOP

(7)(3) + (7)(11) = 98 130 cos ∠AOP

∠AOP = 29.7 o

-8-
10. (a) Maximum point : (−1, 3) Minimum point : (1, − 3)

(b)

11. Q ( x + 3) 2 = x + 3
2

∴ x+3 − 7 x + 3 − 18 ≤ 0
2

( x + 3 − 9 )( x + 3 − 2 ) ≤ 0

x+3 ≤9 (Q x + 3 + 2 ≥ 2 )

−9 ≤ x+3≤ 9

− 12 ≤ x ≤ 6

-9-
 Section B
12. (a) (i) Equation of S1 is x( x + 2) + ( y − 2)( y + 2) = 0

i.e. x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 4 = 0

2 − (− 2)
(ii) Equation of BC is y + 2 = (x − 0)
−2

i.e. 2x + y + 2 = 0

(iii) Equation of family of circle through B and C is

x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 4 + k (2 x + y + 2) = 0 for all values of k.

the circle passes through A(3, 7)

∴ 9 + 6 + 49 − 4 + k (6 + 7 + 2 ) = 0

k = −4

∴ Equation of S 2 is x 2 + y 2 − 6 x − 4 y − 12 = 0

(b) (i) Equation of tangent is y = mx + 8

⎧ x 2 + y 2 − 6 x − 4 y − 12 = 0
⎨ have equal roots
⎩ y = mx + 8

On substituting y, we have

(1 + m )x
2 2
+ 2(6m − 3)x + 20 = 0

∴ [2(6m − 3)]2 − 4(1 + m 2 )(20) = 0

-10-
 On simplifying, giving 16m 2 − 36m − 11 = 0

9 11
∴ m1 + m2 = , m1 m2 = −
4 16

m1 − m2
(ii) tan θ =
1 + m1 m2

(m1 + m2 )2 − 4m1m2
=
1 + m1 m2

⎛ − 11 ⎞
2
⎛9⎞
⎜ ⎟ − 4⎜ ⎟
⎝4⎠ ⎝ 16 ⎠
=
11
1−
16

= 4 5

⎧y = x2
13. (a) For intersection of P and L, ⎨
⎩ y = ax

On solving, we have x = 0 or x = a

a
Hence ∫ 0
(ax − x 2 ) dx = 288

a
⎡a 2 1 3 ⎤
⎢ 2 x − 3 x ⎥ = 288
⎣ ⎦0

a3 a3
− = 288
2 3

a = 12

-11-
(b) Required volume

= π∫
12

0
[(12 x + 1) 2
− ( x 2 + 1) 2 dx ]

12
= π∫ (− x 4 + 142 x 2 + 24 x) dx
0

12
⎡ 1 142 3 ⎤
= π ⎢− x 5 + x + 12 x 2 ⎥
⎣ 5 3 ⎦0

⎡ 1 142 ⎤
= π ⎢− (12) 5 + (12) 3 + 12(12) 2 ⎥
⎣ 5 3 ⎦

= 33753.6 π

h
(c) Capacity of bowl = π ∫ x 2 dy
0

h
= π ∫ y dy
0

h
⎡ y2 ⎤
=π ⎢ ⎥
⎣ 2 ⎦0

πh 2
=
2

πh 2
(d) = 33753.6 π
2

h = 260

-12-
 π
14. (a) V = (l sin θ ) 2 (l cosθ )
3
πl 3 ⎛ π⎞
= sin 2 θ cosθ ⎜0 < θ < ⎟
3 ⎝ 2⎠

dV πl 3
(b)
dθ
=
3
[
sin 2 θ (− sin θ ) + cosθ (2 sin θ cosθ ) ]

πl 3
=
3
(
sin θ 2 − 3 sin 2 θ )

πl 3
When V is increasing,
dV
dθ
> 0,
3
( )
sin θ 2 − 3 sin 2 θ > 0

2 ⎛ π⎞
sin 2 θ < ⎜0 < θ < ⎟
3 ⎝ 2⎠
6
sin θ <
3

πl 3
When V is decreasing,
dV
dθ
< 0,
3
( )
sin θ 2 − 3 sin 2 θ < 0

2 ⎛ π⎞
sin 2 θ > ⎜0 < θ < ⎟
3 ⎝ 2⎠
6
sin θ >
3

6
Since V changes from increasing to decreasing via sin θ = , hence when V is
3
6
maximum, sin θ = .
3

1
S= (2l sin θ )(l cosθ )
2

1 2
= l sin 2θ
2

Clearly, S is maximum when sin 2θ = 1 ,

-13-
 π π
2θ = , i.e. θ =
2 4

Therefore, when V is a maximum, S is not a maximum.

π dθ
(d) When l = 6, θ = , = 0.1
6 dt

dV π ⎡ π π⎤
= (6) 3 ⎢2 sin − 3 sin 3 ⎥
dθ 3 ⎣ 6 6⎦

= 45π

dV dV dθ
Q = ⋅
dt dθ dt

dV
= (45π )(0.1) = 4.5π .
dt

Hence the capacity is increasing at 4.5π unit 3 per second

-14-
 v v v 2
15. (a) a ⋅ a = a =1,

v v v v ⎛1⎞
a ⋅ b = a b cosθ = (1)(3)⎜ ⎟ = 1
⎝ 3⎠

v v v 2
b ⋅b = b =9

v v
a + 2b
(b) OC =
3

v v
(k + 1)a + (2k + 2)b
(c) OD =
3

BD = OD − OB

v v
(k + 1)a + (2k + 2)b v
= −b
3

v v
(k + 1)a + (2k − 1)b
=
3

Q OD⊥BD , ∴ OD ⋅ BD = 0

( )⎤⎥ ⋅ 13 [(k + 1)av + (2k − 1)b ] = 0

⎡k +1 v v v
⎢⎣ 3 a + 2b
⎦

k +1
9
[ v v v v v v v v
]
(k + 1)a ⋅ a + (2k − 1)a ⋅ b + 2(k + 1)b ⋅ a + 2(2k − 1)b ⋅ b = 0

(k + 1)(1) + (2k − 1)(1) + 2(k + 1)(1) + 2(2k − 1)(9) = 0

41k = 16

16
k=
41

-15-
 ( )
1 v v
BD = 19a − 3b
41

( )⎤⎥ ⋅ ⎡⎢ 411 (19av − 3b )⎤⎥ ⋅

⎡1 v v v
BD ⋅ BD = ⎢ 19a − 3b
⎣ 41 ⎦ ⎣ ⎦

(
v v
)
⎛1⎞
2
2
v v v v
BD = ⎜ ⎟ 361a ⋅ a − 114a ⋅ b + 9b ⋅ b
⎝ 41 ⎠

2
⎛1⎞
= ⎜ ⎟ [361(1) − 114(1) + 9(9)]
⎝ 41 ⎠

2 2 32
BD = 82 , ∴ BD = 82
41 41

(e)
v v v
(
AO ⋅ AB = − a ⋅ b − a )
v v v v
= a ⋅a − a ⋅b

= 1−1 = 0

∠OAB = 90 o , hence ∠OAB = ∠ODB = 90 o

Therefore, OADB is a cyclic quadrilateral

-16-
16. (a) (i) Let f ( x) = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d .

Since α is a root of f ( x) = 0 , ∴ x − α is a factor of f ( x) .

Similarly , x − β and x − γ is a factor of f ( x)

Hence f ( x) = a( x − α )( x − β )( x − γ )

ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d ≡ a( x − α )( x − β )( x − γ )

≡ ax 3 − a(α + β + γ ) x + a(αβ + αγ + βγ ) − aαβγ

Comparing coefficients of appropriate terms, we have

c
a(αβ + αγ + βγ ) = c , αβ + αγ + βγ =
a

−d
− a(αβγ ) = d , αβγ
a

(b) cos 3θ = cos(θ + 2θ )

= cosθ cos 2θ − sin θ sin 2θ

= cosθ (2 cos 2 θ − 1) − sin θ (2 sin θ cosθ )

= cosθ (2 cos 2 θ − 1) − 2 cosθ (1 − cos 2 θ )

= 4 cos 3 θ − 3 cosθ

Let x = cosθ , 8 cos 3 θ − 6 cosθ = 3

3
4 cos 3 θ − 3 cosθ =
2
3
cos 3θ =
2

3θ = 30 o , 330 o , 390 o

-17-
 θ = 10 o , 110 o , 130 o

(c) cos10 o , cos110 o and cos130 o are the roots of 8 x 3 − 6 x − 3 = 0

⎛− 3⎞
(i) cos10 o cos110 o cos130 o = − ⎜⎜ ⎟
⎟
⎝ 8 ⎠

( )(
cos10 o − cos 70 o − cos 50 o ) =
8
3

3
cos10 o cos 50 o cos 70 o =
8

−6
(ii) cos10 o cos130 o + cos10 o cos110 o + cos110 o cos130 o =
8

−3
=
4

-18-
17. (i) α + β = −4 , αβ = 2

S1 = α + β = −4

S2 = α 2 + β 2

= (α + β ) − 2αβ
2

= 12

(ii) Q α , β are the roots of the equation x 2 + 4 x + 2 = 0

∴ S n + 2 + 4S n +1 + 2 S n

( ) ( ) (
= α n + 2 + β n + 2 + 4 α n +1 + β n +1 + 2 α n + β n )
( )
= α n α 2 + 4α + 2 + β n ( β 2 + 4 β + 2)

=0

(iii) Put n = 1, S 3 + 4 S 2 + 2 S1 = 0

S 3 + 4(12) − 2(− 4 ) = 0

S 3 = −40

Put n = 2, S 4 + 4S 3 + 2S 2 = 0

S 4 + 4(− 40 ) + 2(12 ) = 0

S 4 = 136

-19-
(iv) Put n = 3, S 5 + 4S 4 + 2S 3 = 0

S 5 + 4(136) + 2(− 40) = 0

S 5 = −464

Since x 2 + 4 x + 2 = 0

− 4 ± 4 2 − 4(1)(2)
x=
2(1)

x = −2 + 2 or x = −2 − 2

Q S 5 = −464

(
∴ −2+ 2 + −2− 2 ) (
5
)
5
= −464

(
− 2− 2 − 2+ 2) (
5
)
5
= −464

(2 − 2 ) + (2 + 2 )
5 5
= 464

-20-