TENSES

Present
1) Simple
Present
Kh cha ng t th ny ng th 3 s Yt, ph c "s" tn cng v m
ph c c n.
Ex: He walks.
Ex: She watches TV
N dng O dOn t mt hnh ng thng xuyn xy ra hn t, khng
xc nh c thO vO th gan, hnh ng p p c tYnh qu ut.
Thng dng v mt s cc ph t ch th gan nh today, present day,
nowadays.
c bt n dng v mt s ph t ch tn suEt nh: always, often,
usually, sometimes, rarely, seldom, as a rule, occasionally, frequently,
every + thi gian...
!u tru"c:
S(I, we, you, they) + V
S (she, he, it) + Vs/es
Cch c s, es cng ging nh cch oc s/e trong danh t s nhi!u" #$ %&'
( n)u t*n c+ng danh t %& cc u,i ' -, ., c, g, t, th, -h, ch/ng ta c %& /s/
( n)u t*n c+ng %&' s, 0, dg //, ch / /, gh, c(e), sh, , th1 ch/ng ta c %& /i2/
( c3n %a4i c %& /2/
5rong th1 n&y ch/ng ta s6 d7ng tr8 9ng t' do, does
C:u tr/c'
S(I, we, you, they) + do not + V
S (she, he, it) + does not + V
V; d7' she doesn<t watch 5V
C=u h>i th1 ch/ng ta s6 d7ng tr8 9ng t do, does %?n =u S, r,i the@ d=u hoi -hia cu,i c=u'
C=u truc'
Ao + S(I, we, you, they) + VB
Aoes + S (she, he, it) + V B
Tr ngan gon' Ces, S do/ does
No, S
dont/doesnt
V du' does he Dnow herB - yes, he does hoac no, he doesnt
#) Present Progressive $%e + &'ing)
Dng O dOn t mt hnh ng xy ra vo mt th Om nhEt nh
ca hn t. Th Om ny c xc nh c thO bng mt s ph t nh :
now, rightnow, at this moment, at this time.
Dng thay th cho th tng a gn, c bt trong vn n.
c bt u nhng ng t bng sau khng c cha thO tp dOn d
bEt c th no kh chng nhng ng t tnh din t trng thi
cm gic ca hot ng tinh thn hoc tnh cht ca s vt, s
vic. Nhng kh chng quay sang hng dng t hnh ng th chng
c php dng thO tp dOn.
know beeve hear see sme wsh
understand hate ove ke
want sound
have need appear seem taste own
Ex: He has a lot of books.
He is having dinner now. (ng t hnh ng: n t!i"
# th i nk the$ will co%e in ti%e
#&% thi nking of %$ test to%orrow. (ng t hnh ng: ang ngh' v("
() Present Perfect ) *ave + &pp
Dng O dOn t mt hnh ng xy ra t trong qu kh ko d n
hn t v chEm dt hn t, th dOm hnh ng hon ton khng c
xc nh trong cu.
Ch mt hnh ng xy ra nhOu n trong qu kh ko d n hn t
Ex: )eorge has se e n this %ovie three ti%e.
Dng v 2 g t SINCE/FOR+tme
Dng v already trong cu khVng nh, u rng already c thO ng
ngay sau have v cng
c thO ng cu cu.
Dng v yet trong cu ph nh, yet thng xuyn ng cu cu.
Dng v yet trong cu ngh vEn
Ex: Ha v e $ o* wri t ten $o*r re+orts $e t ,
Trong mt s trng hp ph nh, yet c thO ng ngay sau have
nhng ph thay vO mt
ng php: not mEt v P
II
tr vO dng nguyn thO c to.
Ex: -ohn has $et to learn the %aterial . -ohn has n&t learnt the %aterial $et .
Dng v now that... (g y kh m...)
Ex: /ow t hat $o* ha v e + assed the T0123 test s*ccessf*ll$4 $o* can a++l$...
Dng v mt s ph t nh till now, until now, so far, up to now (cho
n g). Nhng thnh ng ny c thO ng u cu hoc cu cu.
Ex: So far the +roble% has not b ee n resolved.
Dng v recently, lately (gn y) nhng thnh ng ny c thO ng u
hoc cu cu.
Ex: # ha v e not s e e n hi% r ece nt l $.
Dng v %efore ng cu cu.
Ex: # ha v e not s e e n him b e fore.
A+ng EFi it+s the first, second- time .(dy a n du tn, thu ha.")
this is the .irst ti@e I haEe @et hi@"
Dng v a one+s life (c d a do)
he has worDed hard a%% his %i.e"
C the d v as soon as (ngay Dhi)
the coach wi%% run as soon as he has co@e"
Ge wi%% go out as soon as he has .inished his e0ercises"
.) Present Perfect Progressive ) *ave %een &'ing
Dng gng ht nh Present Perfect nhng hnh ng khng chEn dt
hn t m vn tp tc tp dOn, thng xuyn dng v since, for + time
Phn bt cch dng ga ha th:
Present
Perfect
Hnh ng chEm dt hn t
do
c kt qu r rt.
Ex: #&ve waited $o* for half an ho*r
(and now #
sto+ working beca*se $o* didn&t co%e".
Present Perfect Progressive
Hnh ng vn tp dOn
hn t, c kh nng an t
tng a do khng c
kt qu r rt.
Ex: #&ve been waiting for
$o* for half an ho*r (and
now #&% still waiting4 ho+ing
that $o*&ll co%e"
/) Simple Past) &'ed
Mt s ng t trong tng Anh c c dng Simple Past v Past Perfect
bnh thng cng nh
c bt. Ng Anh a dng Simple past cha bnh thng v &pp c
bt m ad0 hoc trong dng b ng
Ex: !o "ight
#ight$d%"ight$d: He lighted the candles in his birthda$ cake.
"it% "it: 2ro% a distance we can see the lit resta*rant.
N dOn t mt hnh ng xy ra t Om trong qu kh, khng n
quan g t hn t, th dOm trong cu c xc nh r rt bng mt s
cc ph t ch th gan nh yesterday, at that moment, last + time
L1u 2: cach doc du -ed'
( nu tn cung dng tu a nhung m nhu: p, f, k, s, sh, du -ed doc a /t/
( nu tn cung a' t, d, du -ed doc a /id/
( cn a doc /d/
v du' wanted, attended
worked, stopped, nshed,
Used to, to be/get used to
3sed to + &er%) Thng hay tng. Ch mt th quen, mt hnh
ng thng xuyn xy ra trong qu kh.
Ex: 5hen 6avid was $o*ng4 he *sed to s w i% once a da$. (+ast ti%e habit"
4ghi v5n) 6id + S + used to + &er% 7 3sed + S + to + &.
Ph8 9:nh) S + didn;t + used to + &er% 7 S + used not to + &.
<o %e, to get used to + &'ing, 4oun: Tr nn quen v.
Ex: He is * s e d to s w i%%ing ever$ da$.
Ex: He got *sed to 7%erican food
&Lu : 3sed to + & c thO thay bng would nhng Yt kh v dO nhm
n.
=) Past Progresseive) >as,>ere + &'ing
N dng O dOn t mt hnh ng ang xy ra vo mt th Om
nhEt nh ca qu kh. Th dOm c dOn t c thO = ngy, g.
N dng kt hp v mt simple past thng qua 2 ph t ch th gan
when v while, O ch
mt hnh ng ang tp dOn trong qu kh th mt hnh ng khc
chen ngang vo (kh ang... th bng...).
Su%0ect + Simple Past ? while ' Su%0ect + Past
Progressive
Ex: So% e one hit hi% on the head while he was w alking to his car
Subject + Past Progressive - when - Subject + Simple Past
Ex: He was w alking to his car when so% e one hit h i% on the head
Mnh O c when & while c thO ng bEt k n no trong cu nhng
sau when ph simple
past v sau while ph Past Progressive.
N dOn t 2 hnh ng ang cng c xy ra trong qu kh.
Subject + Past Progressive - while - Subject + Past Progressive
Ex: H e r h*sband w as reading news+a+er while s he w as +re+aring dinner.
Mnh O hnh ng khng c while c thO simple past nhng Yt kh v
dO b nhm n.
@) Past Perfect) *ad + &pp
Dng O dOn t mt hnh ng xy ra trc mt hnh ng khc trong
qu kh, trong cu bao g cng c 2 hnh ng
Dng kt hp v mt simple past thng qua 2 ph t ch th gan after v
%efore.
#'(
)
Su%0ect + Simple Past after Su%0ect + Past Perfect
Su%0ect + Past Perfect %efore Su%0ect + Simple Past
Mnh O c after & %efore c thO ng u hoc cu cu nhng sau
after ph past perfect
cn sau %efore ph simple past.
Aefore & Bfter c thO c thay bng when m khng s b nhm n v
trong cu bao g cng c 2 hnh ng, 1 trc, 1 sau.
Ex: T he +ol i c e c a%e wh e n the robb e r had g one awa$.
C) Simple Duture) >ill,Shall,an,Eay + &er% in simple form
Ngy nay ng php hn , c bt ng php M chEp nhn vc dng
will cho tEt c cc ng, cn shall ch dng v cc ng F, we trong mt s
trng hp nh sau:
a ra O ngh mt cch ch s
Ex: Shall # take $o* coat,
Dng O m ng khc mt cch ch s:
Ex: Shall we go o*t for l*nch,
Dng O ng g trong kh mc c, mua bn:
Ex: Shall we sa$ : 8 9:
Thng c dng v 1 vn bn mang tYnh php qu buc cc bn ph th
hnh Ou khon trong vn bn:
Ex: 7ll the st*dents shall be res+onsible for +ro+er e;ec*tion of the dor% r*le
Trong tng Anh bnh dn , ng ta thay shall = must dng cu ny.
N dng O dOn t mt hnh ng s xy ra mt th Om nhEt nh
trong tng a nhng
khng xc nh c thO. Thng dng v mt s ph t ch th gan nh
tomorrow, neGt +
time, in the future, in future 7 from now on.
H) 4ear Duture
DOn t mt hnh ng s xy ra trong tng a gn, thng dng v cc
ph t d dng: Fn a moment $lIt nJa), Bt # o;clocK this afternoon....
Ex: 5e are going to have a rece+tion in a %o % e n t
N ch 1 vc chc chn s ph xy ra theo nh d tYnh cho d th gan
tng a xa.
Ex: 5e are going to t a k e a T0123 test n e; t $ e a r .
Ngy nay ng ta thng dng present progressive.
E OIN TO con duc dung d dua ra li d oan dua vao hn tung'
v du' according to the weather .orecast, it is going to rain to@rrow @orning"
HooD at the I%acD c%oudsJ I thinD it is going to rain"
Nhung dng tu sau khng d v E OIN TO nhung co ngha tung tu ' go, co@e,
arriEe,
eave, fy.
v du' I a@ going to go to schoo% (sai)
pha vt' I a@ going to schoo% (dung)
N TN HP CC TH
Tenses Forms Examples
Present
simple
S + V(s/es) + K
S + do/ does not + V+ K
Ao/ Aoes + S + VB
Ao you want to goB
I usua%%y geet u- ear%y
Present
progressive
S + is/a@/are + Ving + K
S + is/a@/are + not + Ving + K
Is/L@/Lre + S + Ving + KB
Mhere are you going, 5o@B
I a@ going to the @arDet"
Present
perect
S + haEe/has + V-- + K
S + had/has + not + V-- + K
GaEe/Gas + S + V-- + KB
GaEe you eEer gone to Vinh city
I haEe not gone to there yet
Present
perect
progressive
S + haEe/has + Ieen + Ving + K
S + haEe/has + not + Ving + K
GaEe/Gas + S + Ieen + Ving + KB
Gow %ong haEe you Ieen %iEng hereB
Sorry, Im ate, have you been
watng so
Future simple S + sha%%/wi%% + V + K
S + sha%%/wi%% + not + V + K
Sha%%/Mi%% + S + V + KB
I wi%% ca%% the -o%ice
I wi%% .%y through Ving city
Future
progressive
S + sha%%/wi%% + Ie + Ving + K
S + sha%%/wi%% + not + Ie + Ving + K
Sha%%/Mi%% + S + Ie + Ving + KB
5his ti@e to@orrow I wi%% Ie going to
Ganoi
Future perect S + sha%%/wi%% + haEe + V-- + K
S + sha%%/wi%% + not + haEe + V-- + K
Sha%%/Mi%% + S + haEe + V-- + KB
5he engineer says he wi%% haEe .inished
@y car Iy Sunday
Future perect
progressive
S + sha%%/wi%% + haEe + Ieen + Ving + K
S + sha%%/wi%% + not + haEe + Ieen + Ving + K
Sha%%/Mi%% + S + haEe + Ieen + Ving + KB
Ge wi%% haEe Ieen teaching Nng%ish .or
OP years
Near uture S + is/a@/are going to V + K
S + is/a@/are + not + going to + V + K
Is/L@/Lre + S + going to + V + KB
I a@ going to Eisit @y aut this su@@er"
Past simple S + Ved/
II
+ K
S + did + not + V + K
Aid + S + V + KB
Aid you .ee% ha--y %ast nightB
She ddnt understand what I had ust
said"
Past
progressive
S + was/were + Ving + K
S + was/were + not + Ving + K
Mas/Mere + S + Ving + KB
She was not cooDing at that ti@e
Past perect S + had + V-- + K
S + had + not + V-- + K
Gad + S + V-- + KB
Mhat had you done Ie.ore you went to
IedB
Past perect
progressive
S + had + Ieen + Ving + K
S + had not + Ieen + Ving + K
Gad + S + Ieen + Ving + KB
Lt that ti@e, we had Ieen %iEing in the
caraEan .or Q @onths
!" P #S S !$E $%!&E
Lu %: 9Mng
Ng ta dng cu b ng O nhEn mnh vo tn ng ca cu ch ng.
Th ca ng t cu b ng ph tun theo th ca ng t cu ch
ng.
Nu o ng t c 2 tn ng, mun nhEn mnh vo tn ng no
ng ta a tn ng n m ch ng nhng thng thng ch ng
hp ca cu b ng tn ng gn tp.
Ex: # gave $o* a book . # gave a book to hi% . He was given a book b$ %e.
C,ng thc chung'
t " %y + tLn ngJ mNi" ng sau tEt c cc tn ng khc.
Nu sau %y mt t v nhn xng mang ngha ng ta: %y people,
%y s% th b hVn n .
Nu c moda verb, th g nguyn, khng d
e0' he can giEe you one do%%ar" you can Ie giEen one do%%ar (Iy hi@)
SIMPLE PRESENT OR SIMPLE
PAST Am
s
are +verb n past partcpe
was
were
Ex: *ctiv$: H*rricanes destro$ a great deal of +ro+ert$ each $ear.
Ex: +assiv$: 7 great deal of +ro+ert$ i s dest r o$ed b$ h*rricanes each
$ear.
PRESENT PRORESSIVE OR PAST
PRORESSIVE Am
s
are + beng + verb n past partcpe
was
were
Ex: *ctiv$: The co%%ittee is considering several new +ro+osals.
Ex: Passive: Several new proposals are bei n g co n sidered by the committee.
PRESENT PERFECT OR PAST
PERFECT Has
have + been +verb n past partcpe
had
Ex: *ctiv$: The co%+an$ has ordered so%e new e<*i+%ent.
Ex: +assiv$: So%e new e<*i+%ent has been o r der e d b$ the co%+an$.
MODALS
moda + been +verb n past partcpe
Ex: *ctiv$: The %anager sho*ld sign these contracts toda$.
Ex: +assiv$: These contracts sho*ld be si g ned b$ the %anager toda$.
Cc n ng t (ng t khng yu cu 1 tn ng no) khng c dng
b ng.
Ex: =$ leg h*rts.
c bt kh ch ng chu trch nhm chYnh ca hnh ng cng khng
c chuyOn thnh cu b ng.
Ex: The 7%erica takes charge: />?c =@ nhAn lBnh trCch nhiD%
Nu ng hoc vt trc tp gy ra hnh ng th dng %y nhng
nu vt gn tp gy ra hnh ng th dng with.
Ex: The bird was shot w ith the g*n E The bird was shot b$ the h*nter.
Trong mt s trng hp to %e,to get + P
#
hon ton khng mang
ngha b ng m mang 2 ngha:
Ch trng th m ch ng ang trong
Ex: Fo*ld $o* +lease check %$ %ailbo; while # a % gone.
Ex: He g ot l ost in the %aGe of the town $esterda$.
Ch vc ch ng t m Ey
Ex: The little bo$ g e ts d r e ssed ver$ <*ickl$.
Ex: Fo*ld # give $o* a hand with these tires.
Ex: /o thanks4 # will be d o ne when # finish tightening these bolts.
M s bn vO th v thO Ou nhm vo ng t to %e, cn phn t 2
g nguyn.
to %e made of) OPQc lRm %Sng $O cp n chEt u m nn vt)
Ex: This table is %ade of wood
to %e made from) OPQc lRm ra tT $O cp n vc nguyn vt u b
bn hon ton vO
trng th ban u O m nn vt)
Ex: Ha+er is %ade fro% wood
to %e made out of) OPQc lRm %Sng $O cp n qu trnh m ra vt)
Ex: This cake was %ade o*t of flo*r4 b*tter4 s*gar4 eggs and %ilk
to %e made with) OPQc lRm vNi $O cp n ch mt trong s nhOu chEt
u m nn vt)
Ex: This so*+ tastes good beca*se it was %ade a lot of s+ices.
Phn bt thm vO cch dng marry v divorce trong 2 thO: Ch ng v b
ng
Kh khng c tn ng th ng Anh a dng get maried v get divorced
trong dng informal
Unglish.
1;: 3*l* and -oe got %aried last week. (infor%al"
1;: 3*l* and -oe %arried last week. (for%al"
1;: 7fter I ver$ *nha++$ $ears the$ got
divorced. (infor%al" 1;: 7fter I ver$ *nha++$
$ears the$ dovorced. (for%al"
Sau marry v divorce mt tn ng trc tp khng c g t: <o mary ,
divorce sm%
1;: She %arried a b*ilder.
1;: 7ndrew is going to divorce Farola
<o %e, get married, to sm% $giNi tT VtoV lR %Wt %uMc)
1;: She got %arried to her childhood sweetheart.
1;: He has been %arried to 3o*isa for JK $ears and he still doesnLt
*nderstand her.
em bang tng kt sau'
Inde0 R
T
e
n
s
e
Simple Progressive Perect Perect
continuous
P
r
e
s
e
n
t
a@
is V
--
a@
L@
Is Ieing +V
--
are
GaEe
Ieen V--
Gas
P
a
s
t
Mas
V--
were
Mas
Ieing V--
were
Gad Ieen V--
F
u
t
u
r
eMi%% Ie V--
Se going to Ie V--
Mi%% haEe Ieen V--
Tote' ' not e0ist the .or@ o. the -assiEe Eoice
OMng tT gLy nguyXn nhLn
nhng ng t dOn t tng th nhEt gy cho tng th ha
mt Ou g v mt s mu cu nh sau:
1. <o have s% do sth 7 to get s% to do sth 7 Sai ai, KhiYn ai, %Zo ai lRm
g[
#. <o have,to get sth done 7 OPa cIi g[ 9i lRm
Theo khuynh hng ny ng t to want v would liKe cng c thO dng
v mu cu nh vy:
<o want, woul d liK e sth d on e.
Cu h dng cho o mu cu ny : > h at d o you want do n e t o \
Ex: 5hat do $ o* want done to
$o*r car ,
# want% wo*ld like it washed
(. <o maKe s% do sth 7 to force s% to do sth
ng sau tn ng ca maKe cn c thO dng 1 tYnh t: <o m a K e s % ,sth +
a d 0
Ex: 5earing flowers %ade h e r %ore b e a*t i f* l .
.. <o maKe s% + P
#
7 lRm cho ai %: lRm sao
Ex: 5orking all night on 2rida$ %ade %e ti r e d on Sat*rda$.
/. <o cause sth + P
#
7 lRm cho cIi g[ %: lRm sao
Ex: The big th*nder stor% c a*sed %a n $ waterfront ho*s e s da%aged.
Nu tn ng ca maKe mt ng t nguyn thO th ph t it ga
maKe v tYnh t, t ng t ra phYa ng sau: m a K e it + a d 0 + & as
o % 0e c t.
Ex: The wire service % a de it +oss i ble to collect and distrib*te news faster and
chea+er.
Tuy nhn nu tn ng ca maKe 1 danh t hay 1 ng danh t th
khng c t it ga make v tYnh t: E a K e + a d 0 + n o un , n o u n
ph r ase.
Ex: The wire service % a de +oss i ble %*ch s+eedier collection and distrib*tion of
news.
=. <o let s% do sth 7 to permit,allow s% to do sth 7 9] ai, cho ph^p ai
lRm g[
@. <o help s% to do sth,do sth 7 _i`p ai lRm g[
Nu tn ng ca help mt t v nhn xng mang ngha ng ta
th khng cn ph nhc
n tn ng v b un c to ca ng t ng sau
Ex: This wonder dr*g will h e l+ (+ e o+le to" r ec o v e r %ore <*ickl$.
Nu tn ng ca help v tn ng ca ng t sau n trng hp v nhau,
ng ta s b tn ng
sau help v b un c to ca ng t ng sau.
Ex:The bod$ fat of the bear will h e l+ (hi% t o " kee + hi% alive d*ring hibernation.
Mng tT 9ac %ibt
nhng ng t m ng ngha ca chng s thay cht kh ng
t sau tn ng ca chng cc dng khc nhau.
<o see,to watch, to hear s%,sth do sth $hnh ng chng kn t u
n cu)
Ex: # hear the tele+hone ring.
<o see,to watch, to hear s%,sth doing sth $hnh ng khng chng kn
trn vn m ch nhEt th)
!!" !NF!N!T!$ES #N' (E)*N'S
y a mt phn quan trong trong tng anh cung nhu trong d th "
Trong cu khng pha kh nao chung ta cung su dung mt dang S + V + K, m nhu
kh pha su dung cu phuc v nhu dng tu" Th kh d, chng ta ngh dn s dung
Infntve and Uerund
v kn thc cp III (5GV5), th cac em cn nh '
#" !NF!N!T!$E: To ? $erb +nguyn m!u co to,
W Mt s dng tu d truc tp v TO VER
N0' he decided to get @arried"
W Mt s cn co tn ngu d cung
(KSXNC5) N0' I inEited Yary to celebrate
with us
W Mt s th co th vua theo sau mt to Verb hoac a mt tn ngu
N0' I went there to Iuy so@e .ood"
W Sau dy a danh sach nhung dng tu co th d duc v TO VER (yu cu hoc
thuc)
Lgree Iegin -%an .ai% re.use see@
LdEise te%% order urge encourage warn
LsD he%- e0-ect want need wou%d %iDe
W v cu ph dnh v to V, th cn de NOT truc to V
N0' she to%d @e not to go to c%ass"
W Mt va danh tu, hoac tnh t cng c the d v to V
N0' I haEe the right to eat anything I %iDe"
Its a hgh prce to pay = ts a hgh prce whch we
need to pay. Its great to see you
Tice to @eet you
I was wrong to %eaEe"
W TO V cung duc dung trong mt s cu trc thng dung ch kh nang chung'
(xem nhung mu cu thng dung trong tng Anh, quyn R)
Its + adectve + to V
Ex: ts convenent to eat fastW.ood"
Its dfcut to ve n a bg cty.
5oo + adZ/adE + to V
LdZ/ adE + enough + to V
N0' I a@ too young to driEe"
He snt od enough to go to the army.
-" !NF!N!T!$E .!T/%*T T%: Nguyn mu khng to
Thng thung trong tng anh, nhung dng tu ch gac quan va hanhd dng da
xong th d v dng tu khng to"
V du nhu' see, watch, notice, hear, taste, s@e%%"""
I saw 5o@ co@e in the roo@ (Tom da d vao phong)
[ I saw 5o@ co@ing in the roo@ (thyTom dang d vao)
Cac dng t sau'
0a1e
Let
/elp
em phn b dng
&" (E)*N'S +$ing,
W Danh dng tu a tu ma dong chuc nang nhu mt danh tu" N c the am ch ng ca
cu'
N0' s@oDing is unhea%thy"
Nating .astW.ood @aDes @e sicD"
W N cng c the am tn ng ca mt dng t nao
do " N0' he %oEes eating"
Ge .inishes doing his e0ercises"
W N theo sau ca c dng tu'
Ld@it aEoid deny enZoy .inish @iss
-ractice \uit resent suggest understand
V cac thanh ng sau'
Its not good/ no use/ not bad + Vng
Se/get used to Ving
Se accusto@ed to Ving
HooD .orward to Ving
Cant hep +Vng
Cant stand + Vng
Teed Ving' ] need to Ie V--' cn duc am g"
"""
Uo swi@@ing, go sho--ing, go .ishing, """
W Lun theo sau g tu"
N0' Ie .ond o., Ie Deen on, Ie tired o., Ie Iored with, Ie interested in , Ie a.raid o. """
Ge is Iored with worDing in a store"
Note: stop to v2 ving Tr3 to
v2 ving )emember to
v2 ving Forget to v2
ving )egret to v2
ving
(o on to v2 ving
Nee4 + $ing 5 nee4 to be 4one
cc deng tf: allow6 recommen46 a4vise6 permit + % + to $
<rong c!u %i dgng cuhng + to $" chi trong c!u Khjng dknh Khgng c` t!n ngl thm +
$ing
V du: they dont aow smokng here.
Nhung: they dont aow her to
smoke here. She doesnt aowed to
amoke here
Ch/ ^'
1. Present participle)
a. 3sing after to'AU as the progressives
I am gong to Hano ths summer.
He has been ookng for a good ob for a ong tme.
She sat n the room, reading a book. (= she was readng)
b. 3sing in restrictive relative clause for omission
The man who was sitting next to you on the tran was a famous star.
The man sitting next to you on the tran was a
famous star. The woman who tooK the umbrea to you
was a good one.
The woman taKing the umbrea to you was a good one.
c. 3sing in the special structures) $senses)
see/ watch/ taste/ sme/ notce/ catch/ spend/ waste/ fnd/.
I saw Peter wakng n the park. = I saw Peter who was wakng n the park.
2. Perfect gerund: as a perfect tense used after gerunds or a preposton.
She accused me that I had not taKen care of her chdren.
= she accused me of having not taKen care of her chdren.
He had obecton that I had made a ca wthout hs permsson.
He had obecton to me having made a ca wthout hs permsson.
3. Perfect participle: = perfect gerund, used to express an acton happenng
before another acton.
After he had tred many tmes, he became bored and gave up.
Havng tred many tmes, he became bored and gave up.
!!!" &%0P#)!S %N : so
san h
Cng xem: ht t -' / /%ocninh"OP" . o r u@e r "c o@ / Eie w to- i c "-h- B - ] _OR[_OR
Phn nay cac em nam c ban a ba dang so sanh, tnh t bt quy tac, cac trung hp dac bt"
C the chm dn O hoac ` cu trong d" Thung th d co mt cu dang' she cooD Ietter than her @other
does"
Lc nay th cac em pha tm mt cu c ngha nhu ' her @other doesnt cook as we as she does/ her
Hoac' noone is @ore inte%%igent than her in the c%ass"
she is the @ost inte%%igent in the c%ass"
Ic dnng so sInh c8a tonh tT vR php tT
1. So sInh %Sng
5u tr`c sq dgng lR as .... as
S + & + as + ad0, adv + as + noun, pronoun
Nu ph nh, as th nhEt c thO thay bng so (ch O dO c -
nforma Engsh)
Sau as ph mt t nhn xng ch ng, khng c mt tn ng
(L c bn)
Ex: He is not as ta l l as his father.
Ex: He is not so tal l as his father.
Danh t cng c thO c dng O so snh trong trng hp ny, nhng nn
nh trc kh so sanh ph m bo rng danh t ph c cc tYnh t
tng ng.
adectves noun
s heavy, ght weght
wde, narrow wdth
deep, shaow depth
ong, short ength
bg, sma se
S + & + the same + $noun) + as + noun, pronoun
Ex: =$ ho*se is as hi g h as his.
=$ ho*se is the sa % e h e ig ht as his.
!h$ sam$,,,as -.
di//$r$nt /rom,,,
Ch , trong tng Anh (AE), di//$r$nt than,,, cng c thO c dng
nu sau chng mt mnh O hon chnh. Tuy nhn trng hp ny khng
ph bn v khng a vo cc b th ng php:
Ex: His a++earance is di ff erent /rom what # have e;+ected.
...t h an # have e;+ected.(7E1"
#. So sInh hrn K^m
Trong o so snh ny ng ta cha m ha dng: tYnh t v ph t ngn
(c n ch c mt vn). TYnh t v ph t d (2 vn tr n).
v tYnh t v ph t ngn ch cn cng u er.
v tYnh t ngn ch c mt nguyn m kp ga ha ph m tn cng,
ph gEp ph m cu O trnh thay cch c.
v tYnh t tn cng 0, 'ow, 'le, 'er, ure d c 2 vn vn b co tYnh
t ngn v ph thnh s'FUt $happyhappieru drydrieru
prettyprettier), yeow yeower, smpe smper
Trng hp c bt: strongstrongeru friendlyfriendlier than, more
friendly than.
v tYnh t v ph t d ph dng more,less.
Sau <*B4 ph t nhn xng ch ng, khng c tn ng. Cng
thc:
S + & +
ad0ective
ver
adver%ve
r
more +
ad0,adv
less +
ad0,adv
+ <*B4 + noun, pronoun
Kh so snh mt ng/ mt vt v tEt c nhng ng hoc vt khc
ph thm else sau
anything,any%ody...
Ex: He is s%arter than an$bod$ else in the class.
O nhEn mnh so snh, c thO thm much,far trc so snh, cng thc:
S + & + far,much + Bd0,Bdvver + than + noun,pronoun
S + & + far,much + more + Bd0,Bdv + than + noun,pronoun
Ex: Harr$Ls watch is far %ore e;+ensive than %ine
Ex: He s+eaks 1nglish %*ch %ore ra+idl$ than he does S+anish.
Danh t cng c thO dng O so snh bng hoc hn km, nhng trc kh so
snh ph xc nh xem
danh t m c hay khng m c, v ng trc chng c mt s
nh ng dng v 2 o
danh t . Cng thc:
S + & + as + many,much,little,few + noun + as + noun,pronoun
S + & + more,fewer,less + noun + than + noun,pronoun
Ex: He earns as %*ch %one$ as his father.
Ex: 2ebr*ar$ has fewer da$ than =arch.
Ex: Their Mobs allow the% less freedo% than o*rs does.
*Lu (quan trng): ng sau as v than ca cc mnh O so snh c thO o b
ch ng nu n trng hp v ch ng th nhEt, c bt kh ng t sau than
v as dng b ng. Lc ny than v as cn c thm chc nng ca mt t
quan h thay th.
Ex: Their %arriage was as stor%$ as had been e;+ected (#ncorrect: as it had been
e;+ected".
Ex: 7nne is going to Moin *s 4 as was agreed last week (#ncorrect: as it was agree last
week".
He worres more than was good for hm (Incorrect: than t /what s good for hm).
*Hoc cc tn ng cng c thO b o b sau cc ng t mnh O sau THAN v
AS:
Ex: 6onLt lose $o*r +ass+ort4 as # did last $ear (#ncorrect: as # did it last $ear".
Ex: The$ sent %ore than # had ordered (#ncorrect: than # had ordered it ".
Ex: She gets her %eet fro% the sa%e b*tcher as # go to (#ncorrect: as # go to hi%".
(. So sInh hQp l2
Kh so snh nn nh: cc mc dng O so snh ph tng ng nhau: ng
ng, vtvt.
vy mc so snh hp s :
S hu cch
Ex: 1ncorr$ct: His dra w in g s are as +erfect as his i nst r * c to r .
(Cu ny so snh cc bc tranh v ng ch dn)
2orr$ct: His dra w in g s are as +erfect as his i
nstr * c torLs . (instr*ctor&s . instr*ctor&s drawings"
Dng thm that of cho danh t s Yt:
Ex: 1ncorr$ct: T he salar$ of a +rofessor is higher
than a s ec r e tar$. (FN* n$ so sCnh saary v?i
secretary"
2orr$ct: T he salar$ o f a +rofessor is higher than that
of a secretar$. (that of . the salar$ of"
Dng thm those of cho cc danh t s nhOu:
Ex: 1ncorr$ct: T h e d*t i e s of a +olice%an are %ore dangero*s
than a tea c h e r . (FN* n$ so sCnh dutes v?i teacher"
2orr$ct: T h e d*t i e s of a +olice%an are %ore dangero*s than those of a
teacher
(those of . the d*ties of"
.. So sInh 9ac %ibt
Bd0ective or adver% omparative Superlative
far
tte
muc
h
man
y
goo
d
we
bad
bad
y
farth
er
furth
er
ess
more
bett
er
wors
e
farthe
st
furthe
st
east
most
best
wors
t
#'( ): /arth$r : dng cho khong cch
/(rth$r : dng cho thng tn hoc mt s trng hp tru tng khc
UG) T he dis t an c e fro% $o*r ho*se to school is f ar th e r than that of %ine.
Ex: #f $o* want %ore%f*r t h e r in f or%atio n 4 +lease call to the agent.
Ex: /e;t $ear he will co%e to the O.S for his f*rther (. %ore" ed*cation
/. So sInh 9a %Mi
Tng ng cEu trc tng Vt: gEp r, gEp ha...
Khng c s dng so snh hn km m s dng so snh bng, kh so snh
ph xc nh danh t
m c hay khng m c, v ng trc chng c many,much
Ex: This enc$clo+ed$ costs tw ice as m ( c h as the other one.
Ex:-ero%e has half as m an 0 records now as # had last $ear.
Ng php hn ngy nay, c bt ng php M cho php dng so snh
hn km n gEp 3 n tr n, nhng v gEp 2 hoc 1/2 th tuyt
khng.
Cc n: twice that many,twice that much = gEp ngn Ey... ch c dng
trong khEu ng, khng
c dng O vt.
UG) 5e have e;+ected P: +eo+le at that rall$4 b*t twice that %an$ showned *+. (twice
as %an$ as that
n*%ber".
=. So sInh K^p
L o so snh v cEu trc: Cng... cng...
Cc Bd0,Bdv so snh ph ng u cu, trc chng ph c <he
<he 3 com4arativ$ 3 5 3 6 3 the 3 com4arativ$ 3 5 3 6
Ex: T he hot t e r it is4 the %ore %is e rable # feel.
Nu ch mt v c Ad/Adv so snh th v cn c thO dng <he more
<he more + 5 3 6 3 the +
co4arativ$ 3 5 3 6
Ex: T he %ore $o* st*d$4 the s % arter $o* will beco%e.
Sau <he more v th nhEt c thO c that nhng khng nhEt tht.
Ex: The %ore (that" $o* st*d$4 the s%arter $o* will beco%e.
Trong trng hp nu c ha v Ou c thnh ng it is th b chng
Ex: The shorter (it is"4 the better (it is".
Hoc nu c ha v Ou to %e th b
Ex: The closer to one of the 1arths +ole (is"4 the greater the gravitational force (is".
Cc thnh ng: all the %etter (cng tt hn), all the more (cng... hn), not...
any the more... (chVng... hn... tY no), none the more... (chVng cht no)
dng O nhEn rEt mnh cho cc tYnh t hoc ph t c
em ra so snh ng sau. N ch c dng v cc tonh tT trTu tPQng:
Ex: S*nda$ %ornings were nice. # enMo$ed the% all the %ore beca*se S*e *sed to
co%e ro*nd to breakfast. (cCc sCng chQ nhAt trRi thAt S+. TTi lUi cng thVch
nhWng sCng chQ nhAt X hYn nW* vZ S*e th>Rng gh[ <*a n sCng."
Ex: He didnLt see% to be a n $ the worse for his e;+erience.
(7nh ta cng khC hYn l\n vZ nhWng kinh nghiD% cQa %Znh."
Ex: He e;+lained it all caref*ll$4 b*t # was still none th e wiser.
(7nh ta gi]i thVch ton b i(* X c^n thAn nh>ng tTi v_n khTng sCng ra ch`t
no c]."
CEu trc ny tuyt khng dng cho cc tYnh t c thO:
Ex: 1ncorr$ct: Those +ills have %ade hi% all the sli%%er.
@. 5u tr`c 4o sooner... than 7 &Ta mNi ... th[ 9w...
Ch dng cho th Ou kh v th Hn t, khng dng cho th Tng a.
4o sooner ng u mt mnh O, theo sau n mt tr ng t o n
trc ch ng O nhEn mnh,
than ng u mnh O cn :
4o sooner + a(xi"iar0 3 5 3 6 3 than + 5 3 6
Ex: /o soon e r had we started o*t for Falifornia than it started to rain. (+ast7
Mt vY d th hn t (will c Ey sang dng cho hn t)
Ex: /o sooner will he arrive than he want to leave.(+r$s$nt7
Mt cEu trc tng ng cEu trc ny:
4o sooner ... than ... 7 *ardly,Scarely ... when
Ex: S c arel$ had the$ felt in love each other wh e n the$ got %aried.
#'( ): 4o longer ... 7 not ... anymore 7 Khxng ... nJa, dng theo cEu trc:
5 + no longer +
+ositiv$ 6$r8
C. So sInh giJa # ngPi hoac # vyt
Kh so snh ga 2 ng hoc 2 vt, ch c dng so snh hn km, khng c
dng so snh bc nhEt, mc d trong mt s dng vn n v c vn vt vn chEp
nhn so snh bc nhEt. (L c bn).
Trc ad0 v adv so snh ph c the, trong cu c thnh ng of the two +
no(n thnh ng c thO ng
u hoc cu cu.
Ex: Harve$ is the s % art e r of t he tw o bo $ s .
Ex: 0f the tw o shirts 4 this one is the +rett ier.
C. So sInh %yc nh5t
Dng kh so snh 3 ng hoc 3 vt tr n:
v tYnh t v ph t ngn dng u est.
v tYnh t v ph t d dng most hoc least.
ng trc so snh ph c the.
Dng g t in v danh t s Yt.
UG) -ohn is the tal l e st bo$ in the fa%il$
Dng g t of v danh t s nhOu
Ex: 6eana is the shortest of the three sister
Do sau thnh ng zne of the + so snh bc nhEt + no(n ph m bo
chc chn rng no(n ph
s nhOu, v ng t ph
cha s Yt.
Ex: 0ne of t he g r e atest tennis +la$ers in the world is -ohnson.
Mt s cc tYnh t hoc ph t mang tYnh tuyt th cEm dng so snh bc
nhEt, hn ch dng so snh hn km, nu buc ph dng th b more:
unique, eGtreme, perfect, supreme, top,
a%solute,Prime, Primary
Ex: His drawings are +erfect than
%ine. prefera%le to 58%5th,,, 9
c a thYch hn... superior to
58%5th,,, 9 su vt hn...
inferior to 58%5th,,, 9 h Vng
hn...
!$" # ' 7E& T !$ES %F #T T ! T * ' E
Ch dm ng phap nay kh quan trong trong de , c the chm R dn O c=u"
Cac tnh t ch tha d, trang tha cua ngu va vt thung bat ngun tu dng tu, r chuyn thanh
dng tu hn ta phn t (-resent -artici-%e) v qu kh phn t (-ast -artici-%e)
Hn ta phn tu dong chuc nang chu dng, danh cho ch the tao ra chnh tha d , hanh dng do "
V du' this .i%@ is Ioring
5his IooD is interesting
Ge is a@using Iecause he @aDes his students .unny"
Oa kh phn t dng chc nang b dng, danh cho ngu hoac vt chu tac dng ca ngu hoac vt khac
gy
ra"
V du' I .ee% Iored this .i%@ Iecause it is Eery Iad " (b phm d da tac dng ca chan vao t, khn t
thy
chan)
Im very nterested n watchng ths m because t s very funny " (b phm da tac dng ca hay
vao t)
Knh nghm' thung th Ved ch ngu va Vng ch vt" Nu thy mt cu ma co them su ga
thch cho hanh dng do th cn ch y, c the n s cu ga thch cho tha d ch hay b dng "
V du' Ge is a@using Iecause he @aDes his students .unny" (ng y da chu dng tac dng ca vu tnh
cua ng vao hoc snh ng" Nn chung ta dung Vng cho ng)
ang tm tat'
V-- VassiEe Versons
LdZ
Ving LctiEe 5hings, ani@a%s
$" S *-7 E & T - $E)- # ( )E E 0 ENT + s 1 h oa h { p g i1 a d g n g t 1 v a c h u n g 1 ,
S| h}a hQp giJa ch8 ngJ vR 9Mng tT
Trong mt cu tng Anh, thng thng th ch ng ng On ngay v ng t
v quyt nh vc cha
ng t nhng khng ph un un nh vy.
1. Ic trPng hQp h8 ngJ 9~ng tIch Khci 9Mng tT
en vo ga mt ng g t (mt g t m u cng cc danh t theo sau).
Cc ng g t ny khng hO c quyt nh g t vc cha ng t, ng t
ph cha theo ch ng chYnh.
Cc thnh ng bng sau cng v cc danh t theo sau n to nn hn
tng ng ch ng. N s ng xen vo ga ch ng v ng t, tch ra
kh ga 2 thnh phn = 2 dEu phy v khng c nh hng g n vc
cha ng t.
Ex: The actree s 4 along with her %anager and so%e friends4 is g oi n g to a
+art$ tonight.
<ogether with along with accompanied %y as well as
Nu 2 danh t m ch ng n v nhau bng and th ng t ph cha ng
th 3 s nhOu (they)
Nhng nu 2 ng Ch ng n v nhau bng or th ng t ph cha theo
danh t ng sau or.
Nu danh t s Yt th ng t ph cha ng th 3 s Yt v ngc .
Ex: The actre s s or her %a n a g er is g oi n g to answer the interview.
#. Ic danh tT luxn 9}i hci cIc 9Mng tT vR 9ni tT 9i
theo ch`ng ngxi th~
( s ot
cc danh t bng sau (cn g cc t phm ch).
any + no + some
+
singular noun singular noun singular
noun any%ody no%ody some%ody
anyone no one someone
anything nothing something
every + singular noun each + singular
noun every%ody
everyone either
everything neither
Uither and neither are singular if thay are not used with or and nor
$ith$r (J trong a" chb dcng cho a ng>Ri hodc a vAt. /e* I ng>Ri (vAt"
trf l\n +h]i dcng an0, n$ith$r :khTng %t trong hai" chb dcng cho a
ng>Ri4 a vAt. /e* I ng>Ri trf l\n dcng not an0,
Ex: /either of his ch*tes o +ens as he +l*%%ets to the gro*nd
Ex: /ot a n$ of his +ens is able to be *sed.
(. Ich sq dgng 4one vR 4o
Nu sau 4one of the mt danh t khng m c th ng t ph
ng th 3 s Yt. Nhng nu sau n mt danh t s nhOu th ng t ph
cha ng th 3 s nhOu.
none + of the + non'count noun +
singular ver% none + of the + plural
count noun + plural ver%
Ex: /one of the co*nterfeit %one$ has been fo*nd.
Ex: None of the stude n ts h a ve finished the exam yet.
Nu sau 4o mt danh t m c s Yt hoc khng m c th
ng t ph ng th 3 s Yt nhng nu sau n mt danh t s
nhOu th ng t ph ng th 3 s nhOu
no + singular noun,non'count noun +
singular ver% no + plural noun + plural
ver%
Ex: / o e;a% + le is relevant to this case.
.. Ich sq dgngc5utr`c either...or
$hoac...hoac) vR neither...nor
$Khxng...mR cng Khxng)
Ou cn u nhEt kh s dng cEu trc ny ng t ph cha theo
danh t sau or hoc
nor. Nu danh t s Yt th dng t cha ng th 3 s Yt v
ngc .
neth
er
ethe
r
neth
er
ethe
r
+ noun
+
+ noun
+
no
r
or
no
r
or
+ pura noun + pura verb
+ snguar noun + snguar verb
Ex: /either -ohn nor his friends are going to the
beach toda$. Ex: 1ither -ohn or his friends are
going to the beach toda$. Ex: /either the bo$s
nor Far%en has seen this %ovie before. Ex:
1ither -ohn or gill is going to the beach toda$.
/. &'ing lRm ch8 ngJ
Kh &'ing dng m ch ng th ng t ph cha ng th 3 s Yt
Ng ta s dng &'ing kh mun dOn t 1 hnh ng c thO xy ra
nhEt th nhng kh mun dOn t bn chEt ca s vt, s vc th ph
dng danh t
Ex: 6ieting i s ver$ +o+*lar toda$.
Ex: Diet is for those who suffer from a cerain disease.
ng t nguyn thO cng c thO dng m ch ng v ng t sau n s
cha ng th 3 s
Yt. Nhng ng ta thng dng ch ng g it O m u cu.
Ex: To hnd the book i s necessar$ for hi% . #t is necessar$ for hi% to hnd the
book.
=. Ic danh tT typ th]
cc danh t bng sau dng O ch 1 nhm ng hoc 1 t chc
nhng trn thc t chng nhng danh t s Yt, do vy cc d t v
ng t theo sau chng cng ng th 3 s Yt.
ongress family group committee class
zrganiation team army clu% crowd
overnment ury maorty* mnorty pubc
Ex: The committee has met, and it has rejected the proposal.
Tuy nhn nu ng t sau nhng danh t ny cha ng th 3 s
nhOu th cu m ch
cc thnh vn trong nhm ang hot ng rng r:
Ex: Fongress votes for the bill.
*(Congress are dscussng about the b. (some agree, some dsagree)).
Danh t the ma0ority c dng tu theo thnh phn sau n O cha
ng t
the ma0ority +
singular ver%
the ma0ority of the + plural noun +
plural ver%
Ex: The %aMo r it$ belie v es that we are in no danger.
Ex: The majority of the students believe him to be innocent.
the poce/sheep/sh + pura verb
Ex: The shee+ are breaking awa$
Ex: The police c ome only to see the dead bodies and a ruin in the bank
a coupe + snguar verb
Ex: couple is walking on the path
The coupe + pura verb
Ex: The couple are racing their horses through the meadow.
Cc cm t bng sau ch mt nhm ng vt hoc ga sc. cho d sau
g t of danh t s nhOu th ng t vn cha theo ng ch ng
chYnh - ng th 3 s Yt.
ocK of %irds, sheep school of
fish herd of cattle pride of
lions pacK of dogs
Ex: The flock of birds i s circling overhead.
TEt c cc danh t tp thO ch th gan, tOn bc, s o Ou c xem
1 danh t s Yt. Do
cc ng t v t theo sau chng ph ng th 3 s Yt.
Ex: !" dollars is too much....
i/ote: He has contrbuted $50, and now he wants to contrbute a n o ther 5 0 .
@. Ich sq dgng a num%er of, the num%er of)
B num%er of = mt s n nhng... nu v danh t s nhOu th
ng t cha ng th ba s nhOu.
a num%er of + plural noun + plural ver%
Ex: number of stud e nts a re going to the class picnic #a number of $ many%.
Nhng the num%er of = mt s... c co mt tng thO s Yt, do
cho d sau n mt danh t s nhOu th ng t vn ph cha
ng th 3 s Yt.
the num%er of + plural noun + singular ver%...
Ex: The n*%ber of da$s in a week is seven.
C. Ic danh tT luxn dng s nhiu
ng sau nhng danh t bao g cng hnh th s nhOu v chng
bao gm 2 thc thO nn cc t v ng t cng v chng cng ph
s nhOu.
Scissors Shorts Pants 0eans tongs
<rousers Uyeglasse
s
Pliers tweeers
Nu mun chng thnh ng s Yt ph dng a pair of...
Ex: The +ants are in the drawer.
Ex: 7 +air of +ants is in the drawer.
H. <hRnh ngJ there is, there are
Thnh ng ny ch s tn t ca ng hoc vt t mt n no .
Ch ng tht ca thnh ng ny danh t sau. Nu n danh t s
Yt th ng t to %e cha ng th 3 s Yt v ngc .
M bn vO th v thO Ou nm to %e cn
there g nguyn. Ex: There has been an inc r ease in
the i%+ortation of foreign cars. Ex: There have been a
n * % ber of tele + hone ca l ls toda$.
Lu cc cEu trc: there s certan/ sure/ key/ bound to be: Chc chn
s c
Ex: There is s*re to be tro*ble when she gets his letter
(Fhjc chjn l sk cX rjc r!i khi cT l$ nhAn >mc th> anh ta"
Ex: 6o $o* think there is likel$ to be snow
(7nh cho rnng chjc chjn sk cX t*$et cho"
Trong dng tng Anh quy chuEn hoc vn chng mt s cc ng t
khc ngo to %e cng
c s dng v there.
ng t trng th: Stand/ e/ reman/ exst/ ve
ng t ch s n: enter/ go/ come/ foow
of
state
<here + ver% + noun as
su%0ect of arrival
Ex: #n a s%all town in )er%an$ there once lived a +oor shoe%aker
(TUi %t thp trln ;[+ f oc B tng cX %t Tng thm gi$ nghqo s!ng f
X"
Ex: There re%ains nothing %ore to be done
(Fh] crn cX gZ f X nWa % l%"
Ex: S*ddenl$ there entered a strange hg*re dressed all in black
(gsng cX %t hZnh bXng kZ lU i vo %dc ton t en"
Ex: There followed an *nco%fortable silence
(=t su i% ldng en blt tiDn tie+ theo sa* X"
There + subect pronoun + go/ come/ be: ka/ th / r th
Ex: There he co%es
(7nh ta B en rti kia kZa"
Ex: There $o* are4 # have been waiting for $o* for over an ho*r
(7nh N$ rti4 tTi ang chR anh en hYn %t tieng rti l$"
There + be + name of peope : Th c .. .. Ey th .. Nhm O g ta s
ch n
There + be + aways + noun: Th c no ch c .. mt g php kh d cho
1 vEn O
Ex: 5ho% co*ld we ask , 5ell4 there is -a%es4 or =iranda4 or 7nn4 or S*e...
Ex: &here can he sleep'( &ell, there is always the attic
There was ths + noun: ChYnh c ... ny Ey (O m u cho mt
cu chuyn)
Ex: There was this %an4 see4 and he co*ld not get *+ in the %orning. So he
...
(/$4 chVnh l cCi anh chng n$ l$4 anh ta khTng dA$ >mc b*vi
sCng. The l anh ta...
There (m tYnh t) chYnh c/ con/ ng Ey
Ex: )ive that book there4 +lease
3% Yn >a cho tTi chVnh c*!n sCch l$
That there dog: FhVnh con chX l$ l$
That there girl4 she broke two records of s+eed (FhVnh cT gCi l$ l$4
cT ta B +hC hai kb
lwc v( t!c "
$!" &%N ' ! T !%N#LS + c ! u d i u K i n ,
Thung th chm khoang O cu trong d" It nht s c mt cu dang nhu sau'
Ge .ai%ed the e0a@s Iecause he was Eery %a2y " Yu cu cac em chon mt cu co ngha tung tu" Th cac
em hay nhn vao dng tu cua cu trn a qua khu, vy uc cho qua khu dung oa III - f he
hadnt been very ay, he woudnt have faed the exams.
Cu du kn a cu ma phan ung v hn tung dang xay ra , dn ra
v chu th"
C bn oa cu du k n"
L" T3pe 8: truth6 instruction
Dn ta mt su tht hn nhn va cung a mt su hung dn, nhu kh co th dng when thay i.
.hen2i + S + $+s2es,6 S + $+s2es,
Mhen I -ut a -a-er in the water, it is wet
I. I -ut a -a-er in the .ire, it Iurns
If we havent gravty, we are foated
I. you want to o-erate 5V, -ress the -ower Iutton"
S" T3pe 9: possible real in uture
Cu du kn oa mt nay uc cho tung a nn no co th xay ra hoac khng
! + S + $+s2es,6 S +will2can2 ma3 +$
I. you study hard, you wi%% -ass the e0a@
If she doesnt pay attenton to the esson, she w not understand at a.
C" T3pe :: unreal in present
Cu du kn oa ha nay dung d uc cho hn ta da va dang xay ra "
Ch the s phan ng v ca su vc o hn ta nn n khng bao g c tht, v khng bao g xay
ra"
Ch m tuong hao huyn, ph thuc t
! + S + $e46 S woul42 coul42 might+ $
were
I. I were you, I wou%d run to her house and say %oEe to her"
If she ddnt study hard, she woud be faed n that exam.
A" T3pe ;: unreal in past
Cng nhu oa ha, oa ba nay s khng bao g c tht c bo v d ch du tc nu , du uc
cho
hanh dng trong qu khu "
! S + ha4 + $pp6 S + woul42coul42might + have $pp
I. I had had a %ot o. @oney that day, I cou%d haEe Iui%t a Iig Ei%%a"
I. she had worDed hard, she wou%d haEe -assed that e0a@"
Some cases relate4 !F clause:
1. 3nless 7 if-not
If she doesnt earn hard, she w fa.
] un%ess she %earns hard, she wi%% .ai%"
:" .ill2coul42 shoul4 can be use4 in ! clause t3pe 9
] -ardon to do/ e0cuse to do' vu ong, chu
I. you will wait .or her, I wi%% ca%% her
I. you wou%d (wi%%) share aP b, I wi%% he%- you"
W Mhen you use Shou%d in i. c%ause, it @eans that the we%%Wdone aIi%ity is Eery rare, s-eaDers Ie%ieEe it
wi%% not Ie true'
I . you shoudnt Dnow how to use this 5V set, -%ease ca%% @e u- this nu@Ier"
Nu anh khng bt cch s dng chc tv ny, hy g n cho t s my ny.
(N vy nhng ng n khng cho rng anh ta khng bt s dng chc
tv .)
InEerstion'
I. you shou%d .i0 this 5V set, I wi%% -ay you RPPPc
] shou%d you .i0 this 5V set, I wi%% -ay you RPPPc
;" !nversion: +t3pe :6 t3pe ;,: c!u dao ng1
I. you were @e, what shou%d you doB
] were you @e, what shou%d you doB
I. she had had a %ot o. @oney, he wou%d haEe donated to Charity Krgani2ation
= had she had a ot of money, .
<" !n case6 ! suppose4 that6 ! provi4e4 that 5 i +gi s m6 trong diu Kin ma,
I. it is raining heaEi%y, we can stay at ho@e
] In case/ I su--osed that/ -roEided that it is raining heaEi%y, we can stay at ho@e"
=" ! wish6 ! hope 5 i onl3 +gic ma,
I ho-e that + ty-e R
I wish that + ty-e O/`
I ho-e that you can -ass the e0a@
] i. on%y you can -ass the e0a@
I wish that you cou%d -ass the e0a@
] i. on%y you cou%d -ass the e0a@
Ich sq dgng thRnh ngJ as if, as though $gn nhP lR,
nhP th] lR)
Mnh O ng sau ha thnh ng ny thng xuyn dng Ou kn khng thO
thc hn c. Ou kn ny cha m 2 th:
Th hn t: nu ng t mnh O trc cha th hn t n gn th
ng t mnh O sau cha qu kh n gn. <o %e ph cha were
tEt c cc ng.
Ex: The old lad$ dress e s as i f it w e re winter even in the s*%%er. (#t is not winter"
Th qu kh: Nu ng t mnh O trc cha qu kh n gn th
ng t mnh O sau cha qu kh hon thnh.
Ex: -ex look e d as t ho* g h he had s ee n a ghost. (He didn&t see a ghost"
#'( ): Mnh O sau as if, as though khng ph c no cng tun theo qu
ut trn. Nu Ou kn trong cu c tht hoc theo quan nm ca ng
n, ng vt c tht th ha cng thc trn khng
c s dng. ng t mnh O sau dOn bn bnh thng theo m quan h
mnh O chYnh.
Ex: He looks as i f he has fi nished the test.
$!!" )E L #T!$E &L# * S ES: m n h d qu a n h
Mnh d quan h a con duc go a mnh d tnh tu (adZectiEe c%ause), duc su dung d bn ha
cu dn
thanh mt cu phc" V un dat ngay sau danh t m n thay the (cac da t quan h )"
V du' 5he -icture is hanging on the wa%%" 5he -icture is drawn Iy Yr" Guyco@."
5he -icture which is h anging on t he wall is drawn Iy Yr" Guyco@."
Cac da t quan h trong tng Anh a '
Mho a tu ch ngu am chuc nang chu ngu
Mho@ a tu ch ngu, am chc nang tn ng (ngay nay c the
dng
who d thay th cho whom trong van no) Mhose + T a tu s huu un d cung danh tu (ch ngu)
Mhich a tu ch vt am chuc nang chu ngu va tn ngu
K. which + T a tu s huu dung ch vt
5hat a tu co th thay th cho who, who@, whch trong mnh
d han
dnh Mhen Trang t th gan hay the cho cum trang t / trang t ch th
gian" N duc bn t n/on/at which
Mhere Trang t n chn hay the cho cum trang tu / trang t ch n
chn" N duc bn t n/on/at which
Mhy ] .or which, trang t ch do, nguyn nhn thung theo sau
reason
Mhat
C ha oa mnh de quan h trong tng Anh
#" 'eining relative clauses: mnh d quan h han dinh
L mnh de m xac dnh cho chng ta nhng thng tn thit yu, quan trong v danh tu ma no dang
thay
th" Chng ta khng th bo d mnh d nay, nu bo no, cu tr nn t ngha, thm ch v ngha"
V du' 5he @an who is standing ne x t t o the ) i b e rty sta t ue is Yr" Co@." (nu bo d mnh d nay th
cu tr nn v ngha, ngu nghe khng bt/ xac dnh duc a ca)
-" Non-4eining relative clauses: mnh d quan h Khgng han dinh
Cn go mnh de phu, b tr thm thng tn trong cu da xac dnh, n?n thng tin nay khng cn
thit, c
th bo d ma cu khng thay d ngha" Du hu nhn bt dang mnh d nay a nam sau mt
du hy hoac trong ha du phy (co@@as)
5his @an,who is about ! * ye ar s + old no w , is Yr" Co@."
dnc%e Go, who is c al l e d ,o -hi .in h , is the o%d and res-ected .ather o. -eo-%es"
Luu y' Dh,ng Iao g duc bo da tu quan h hay su dung da tu That thay th cho Who , Mho@,
Mhich
trong mnh d khng han dnh"
&" )elative clauses with preposition: mnh d quan h v{i gi{i t1"
Kh g tu b ngha truc tp cho danh tu ma duc thay th bang da tu quan h th chung ta
chuyn g tu
do n truc da tu quan h"
5he gir% was Eery Ieauti.u%" Ge .a%%s in %oEe with her so @uch"
5he gir% whom he .a%%s in %oEe with so @uch was Eery Ieauti.u%"
5he gir% !ith !ho" he .a%%s in %oEe so @uch was Eery Ieauti.u%"
Luu y' trong mnh d dang nay khng duc dung Who hoac That cung nhu khng duc
bo d Whom / Mhich"
5he gir% at who he is looking is a daughter o. a @i%%ionaire in the town"
5his car6 in !hich his son was sitting6 was @ade .ro@ China"
Luu y' nu dng tu a cum tu co ngha rng cua no th khng tach ra " (v du ' %ooD a.ter
(cham soc), go across (tnh c gap), %ooD u- (tra tu)..)
5he word which he is %ooDing up s to mean "ciao"
Luu y' Enh d quan h v{i gi{i t1 thung dung trong v/n vi0t (writing .or@)
'" %mission o relative pronoun: tnh l1{c di tf
quan h ` %n loi tnh l1{c:
9" Present participle clauses: s1 dung dgng t1 hin tai ph!n t1 d thay th"
Kh mnh d quan h th chu dng, v da t am chc nang ch ngu , th chng ta c the bo d da
t quan
h va dng tu theo sau pha chuyn thanh hn ta phn
tu (Ving) 5he @an who understands what I say is a ta%ent"
5he @an understanding what I say is a ta%ent"
Nu trong mnh d quan h th tp dn th chng ta bo d da tu quan h va
dng tu to e" 5he @an who is driEing on the %e.t side is i%%ega%"
5he @an driEing on the %e.t side is i%%ega%"
Nu trong mnh d quan h a th hoan thanh (thung a qua khu hoan thanh) th chng ta bo da
t quan h ,
chuyn tr dng tu HAD thanh HAVIN hoac bo d th Vpp bn thanh Vng "
L.ter he had .inished his ho@eworD, he went out"
L.ter haEing .inished his ho@eworD, he went out"
L.ter .inishing his ho@eworD, he went out"
GaEing .inished his ho@eworD, he went out"
O" Past participle clauses: S1 dung qua Kh1 ph!n t1 d thay th"
Cng tung tu nhu dang R", nhung ch su dung mnh d nay cho cu b dng"
5he @an who was arrested Iy -o%ice had Ieen a roIIer"
5he @an arrested Iy -o%ice had Ieen a roIIer"
`" To -ininitive clauses: S1 dung dgng t1 nguyn m!u d thay th"
Cng tung tu nhu dang R" nhung dang nay ch s dung kh'
Mnh d chnh dang so sanh nht
5he @ost i@-ortant thing which is said today is conserEation"
5he @ost i@-ortant thing to Ie said today is conserEation"
5he @ost integra% -rotection which needs @entioning is the wi%d %i.e"
5he @ost integra% -rotection to need @entioning is the wi%d %i.e"
Mnh d ch muc dch
5his is the @ost de%icious restaurant where we can haEe dinner"
5his is the @ost de%icious restaurant to haEe dinner"
Danh tu trong mnh d chnh un d cung: the frst, the second, the thrd,., the
next, the ast, the ony.
5he %ast -erson who %eaEes out o. the roo@ has to turn o.. the %ight"
5he %ast -erson to %eaEe out o. the roo@ has to turn o.. the %ight"
Hocninh high schoo% is the on%y schoo% where can train the ta%ented and gi.ted students"
Hocninh high schoo% is the on%y schoo% to train the ta%ented and gi.ted students"
<" Non-relative clauses: A hjn di tf quan h Khi n` lm t!n ngl
Ch c the bo han d da t quan h kh m n am chc nang tn ng (oIZectiEe)
5he @an !ho"#!ho I a@ @eeting .or %unch is a sta.. o. training and education @inistry"
5he @an I a@ @eeting .or %unch is a sta.. o. training and education @inistry"
E" )elative pronoun: T/#T
THAT duc su dung d thay th cho who, who@, whch trong mnh d han dnh" C nhng trung
hp cn
su dung THAT
trong so sanh nht
trong cu danh tu khng xac dnh ngu hay vt
trong cac da tu bt dnh (anyone, somethng, none.)
trong cu trn thut (re-orted s-eech)
trong dang the frst, second, thrd, next, ast, ony. +N
trong so that (ch muc dch)
trong so/ such. that (ch qu kh nang)
trong cu b dng dac bt
trong no t was not unt . that
trong dang thay th cho mnh d (nhu whch: connector)
5hat he died is concerned with you"
.
$!!!" )EP%)TE' SPEE&/: c!u tr!n thu!t
6ng c!u ny th1ng Nt Gu!"t hin trong d thi6 d| c` thm cuhng chi met6 hoc hai c!u {
dang vit lai c!u sao cho Khgng thay dgi nghia" &m vy ccc em hc sinh Khi dc phn
ny6 chi cn nm vlng Kin thc c{ %n"
!u tr!n thu!t +n gi l c!u trc tip va c!u gian c!u tip, l c!u thu!t li
li ng1i Khcc
+th!m chi minh, n`i"
Du hu nhn bt cu truc tp' nam trong ha du nhay: "."
V du: "I ove you" he sad to me
Chng ta thut a cu n nay th c ngha chng ta dang dng cu gan
tp' Ge said to @e/ to%d @e that he %oEed @e
9" 4guyn tc chung:
Th ca cac dng t trong cu gan tp thay do theo nguyn tac F E< <* & 3 * (IacDW
shi.t)
<hm trong li n`i trc ti"p <hm trong l{i noi gian tip
Hn ta dn Ou kh dn
Hn ta tp dn Oua khu tp dn
Hn ta hoan thanh Ou kh hoan thanh
Ou kh dn Ou kh hoan thanh
Ou kh hoan thanh Ou kh hoan thanh (khng th u duc)
Tung a dn Tung a trong qua khu
V du: "he goes" he sad he said that he went
"He s gong" he sad he said that he was going
"they are gong" he sad he said that they were going
" he has gone" he sad he said that he had gone
"he went" he sad he said that he had gone
"he had gone" he sad he said that he had
gone "he w go" he sad he said that he
wou%d go "he can go" he sad he said that
he cou%d go
"he can have gone" he sad he said that he cou%d haEe gone
Trung hp ngoa '
dng tu trong cu no gan tp vn khng
d kh' L" dng tu trn thut th hn
ta'
Ge says
"Love s
bnd" Trn thut a
nhu sau'
Ge is saying
Ge has said
Ge wi%% say
Ge says
Ge is saying
Ge has said
Ge wi%% say
that %oEe is I%ind
S" no trn thut ch v mt chn , th quen
chua bo She said "The earth moves around
the sun" She said that 5he earth @oEes around
the sun
She said "he usuay gets up at 7 every mornng
She said that "he usua%%y gets u- at _ eEery @orning
C" v cu du kn oa II va oa III th kh thut a cung khng d
she said "If he studed hard, he woud pass the exams"
She said that i. he studied hard, he wou%d -ass the e0a@s
A" Dhuy?n' S/%*L'6 /#' -ETTE)
"he shoud study more" she sad
she said that he shou%d study @ore"
she adEised hi@ to study @ore"
"he had better not be so ay" she sad
she said that he had Ietter not Ie so %a2y
she adEisee hi@ not to Ie so %a2y
e" *SE' T%' th quen trong qu khu'
"He used to get up very ate" she sad
she said that he used to get u- Eery %ate"
U" v .ish6 .oul4 rather6 woul4 sooner6 it is time + simple past +da dn luc,
"I wsh she oved me" he sad he said that he wished she %oEed hi@
"It s tme we went" they sad they said that it was ti@e they went
:" A4_ *3s54 F F <
ai t1 h1c nng <r1c tip _icn ti"p
ai t1 nh!n
G1ng
h ngl
I Ge, she
we 5hey
<!n
ng1
you 5hey
Ye Gi@/ her
ai t1 s{
h1u
ds 5he@
Cou 5he@
Yy Gis/ her
Kur 5heir
Cour 5heir
Yine Gis/ her
Kurs 5heirs
Cours 5heirs
AZng 9i cIc 9ni tT ch- th:, php tT ch- 9:a 9i]m vR
thi gian
5oday
Cesterday
5he day Ie.ore yesterday
5o@orrow
5he day a.ter to@orrow
Te0t + 5i@e
Hast + 5i@e
5i@
e +
ago
5his
,
thes
e
That day The day
before Two days
before
The next/ the foowng day
In two days' tme
The foowng + Tme
The prevous + Tme
Tme + before
That, those
Gere, KEerhere There, Overthere
V du: "Im gong to do my exercses tomorrow." She sad to me
she to%d @e that she was going to do her e0ercises the ne0t day (hoac the foowng day)
"he w come n tme next tme" she said that he he wou%d co@e in ti@e the .o%%owing ti@e
"ths house was but 5 years ago" she sad she said that that house had Ieen Iui%t a years Ie.ore"
;" zF 3 <t4 <*3<
#" !u +statement,
Cu k co dang'
" S + V + O/adv" S sad
V du: "she studes Engsh" he sad he said that she studied Nng%ish
"She doesnt study Maths" he sad he sad that she ddnt
study Maths. "They went away" she sad to me she to%d @e
that they had gone away
-" !u *oi +>uestion,
Cu ho co dang'
"Lu0 + S + V + O/adv?" S asked
C=u asDed i./wether S + V( mt th ) + K/adE"
Trong do' Lu0 (au0i%iary) tr dng tu
Asked co th duc thay b mt dang dng tu tung tu dang ngh vn
V du: "do you ove me?" he asked her he asDed her i./ wether she %oEed hi@ (or not)
"Do you need money?" my parents asked me @y -arents asDed @e i. I needed @oney"
"Have you ever gone to Tokyo?" she asked me she asDed @e i. I had gone to 5oDyo"
&" !u am <han +exclamations,
Cu cam than co dang'
"V + (O/adv)" S + tod
S + to%d to V + (K/adE)
"Dont + V + (O/adv)" S + tod
S + to%d + not + to V + (K/adE)
Tod co th duc thay b mt dang dng tu tung tu v nga cua cu mnh nh: nhu advse
(khuyn)
Co@@and, o..ered, de@anded"" (yu cu , ra nh), accused (o. +Ving), buc t." (xem trong bang
dng tu d v g tu)
V du: "go out" he tod he to%d to go out"
"fun away" he tod me he to%d @e to run away
"Ge%- me" he begged he Iegged (@e) to he%- hi@
"Dont move!" he offered he o..ered (the@) not to @oEe
"faise your hands!" he tod he to%d us to raise our hands
"UiEe me 5.000 dong, pease," he tod he Iegged to giEe hi@ a"PPP
dong "Mou%d you ke to eat sweetsoup" he nvted he inEited us to
eat sweetsou- "Cou taDe @y @oney." He tod me he accused @e o.
taDing his @oney" "Hiar" he sad he ca%%ed @e a %iar"
"Congratuatons" he tod me he congratu%ated @e"
"Thanks a ot" he tod me he thanDed @e a %ot"
Tuy thuc vao cum dng t v ngha ca cu truc tp de kh trn thuat a chng ta s dung dang Infntve
hoac
Uerund"
V; du: "thanD you .or he%-ing @e" he said he thanDed .or he%-ing hi@
Yt s cum dng t hu ch kh s dung cu trn thut v Infntve v erund
want (K) to do order
leave
loo1
pa3
than1 +sb,
wait
come
escape
protect
suer
prevent
rom
believe
succee4
in
accuse +sb,
4ie +rom,
hear
remin4
ta1e care
taste
warn
thin1
o
congratulate +sb,
4epen4
rel3
base
insist
on
apologi?e
belong
explain
happen
invite
len4 +st,
listen
preer +st2sb,
spea1
tal1
write
loo1 orwar4
be accustome4 to
be2get use4 to
to
de@and
co@@and
agree
threaten
warn
-ro@ise
Ieg
inEite
adEise
re\uest
asD
te%%
instruct
re@ind
te%%
EerI -re-osition
complaint +o,
4ream +o,
1now
tal1
thin1
about
arrive +in,
laugh
loo1
shout
throw
at
apologi?e
appl3
as1
hope
or
besi4es, deny $7 refuse), admit, suggest, postpone,- + &ing
!@" #'$E)-!#L &L#*SES: mnh d trang ng1
B6&UtAFB B3SUS zD
<FEU
Bdver%ial
clauses of
3se
UGamples
BD<Ut
Smpe
future
Smpe
past
Past
perfect
I w see you after dner
I came here at 6 ocock and eorge came
shorty after that.
After tran had eft, I went home
AUDztU
Present
perfect
Past
perfect
Smpe
past
I have never seen that fm before.
I was sorry I had never been there before.
I met her yesterday, but I knew her ong before
that. My famy are comng here for a hoday,
so came 2 days before to make a
arrangements
As, As <*U <FEU
Past
perfect
Future
perfect
(dng de nh n manh ve mt ha nh
dng m xay ra sau mt hanh dng
y 2 ocock we had had unch
y 1980 we had worked there for 5 years
It s now 6:30. I sha have fnshed my work by 8
ocock
y the tme we get to the cnema, the m w
have aready begun.
y the tme I came, the party had fnshed.
63tF4_
Smpe
past
Smpe
present
(dng de ch mt hanh dng m
xa y ra trong sut mt hanh dng
I was n the army durng the second word war
The sun gves us ght durng the day
>*U4
Past
smpe
Smpe
present
Smpe future + present perfect
Future contnuous + smpe
present (ch mt tho quen o h n
ta v o qu
khu, v cng d n t nhung hanh
dng tp k nhau, nhung chu
hanh dng
Mary ooked her best when she smed
When she went for a wak she aways wore
goves
What do you do when you go to schoo?
She usuay stens to musc when she s free
I w have unch when I have fnshed my
homework. I w be readng when you come to
see me.
>*FU
Present
progressve
Past
progressve
(dn ta mt hanh dng dang dn
ra th mt hanh dng khac xen vao,
n cng dn ta mt oat cac hanh
Whe my mum s cookng, she
comes. Whe my mum was
cookng, she came.
BS
= when,
whe
I watch hm as he (was drnkng) drank hs tea
SF4U
Present
perfect
It s (tme)
snce.
(dn ta hanh dng trong qua
khu,
I have ved here snce I was born
It s 3 years snce I saw hm
It s 2 years snce he eft the country.
BS Szz4 BS
Smpe future + present perfect
(dng de nhn ma nh mt ha nh
dng xay ra tru c hanh dng
We w go as soon as you have fnshed your
work
Note: we w go when you fnsh your
<F, 34<F
It was not unt . + past smpe
(dn ta hanh dng se dn ra
sut kh ha nh dng kha c hoan
tha nh.)
It was not unt 1990, I coud bud the
house. We w go unt you fnsh work
We w go unt you have fnshed work
Wat till you see what Rache's wearng!
Hadn't we better wat until Antony's here?
You shoud stay on the tran until,till
Manchester and then change.
@" &%NNE&T%): t1
ngi
Cac t n nay thung duc s dung trong de th , dac bt a' Iecause/ Iecause o., a%though/ in s-ite o./
des-ite,
so that/ n order that/ so as to/ n order to, not. ony.. but aso, nether.nor, ether. or,
both. and, however, @oEeoEer, there.ore, .urther@ore, neEerthe%ess, instead o., a%ternatiEe%y, otherwise,
in other words, on the other hand, in genera%/ in -riEate, in a%%, in short, in .act, indeed, actua%%y, no @atter
what .
Do mt s cum tu da duc no trong v cac em, nn dy, t ch dua ra mt s
connectors'
B. Az<*-B46'
ca. n
Hu,n duc su dung trong cu khang dnh, theo sau Ioth v a nd cac da t hay cac danh tu " ng t s
dung v both.and un duc cha s nhu"
V du' Ioth she and I were rea%%y .rightened when hearing the noise .ro@ the .orest"
1u y: + cac danh t hay da t theo sau Ioth va a nd c the dng va tr ch ng hay tn ng ca
dng t "
V du' Soth Ta@ and Aong worD Eery hard at schoo% so they Ioth usua%%y get good @arDs in e0a@ination"
I ke both Dong and Nam. Theyre good students
+ theo sau Ioth"" and c the cac tnh t hoac trang tu "
V du' the Ieach is Ioth Ieauti.u% and ro@antic
She driEes Ioth care.u%%y and s%ow%y"
A. 4z< z4s- A3<
BSz)
Dng de dn t y' khng nhung. ma
con"
+ Theo sau b cac danh tu hay da tu am chu ngu '
V du' not ony Hu but aso Nhn are exceent students n
my cass "
+ Theo sau b cac danh tu hay da tu am tn ngu '
V du' I want to ta%D to not on%y @y students Iut a%so their -arents aIout their study"
+ theo sau b cac dng tu'
I not on%y went sightseeing in Hondon Iut a%so tried to %earn its cu%ture"
+ theo sau cac tnh tu'
She is not on%y Ieauti.u% Iut a%so Eery inte%%igent"
+ dng de nhn manh"
y a mt dang dao ngu, v vy kh dao not ony n du cu, cn nh a dao un
tr dng tu'
V du' it is not on%y the chea-est Iut a%so the nicest watch"
Tot on%y is i t the chea-est Iut it is a%so the nicest watch"
. UF<*Ut- zt'
hoac. hoac
Dng trong cu khang dnh de n dn hoac ngu/ vt nay, hoac /
vt ka
+ theo sau either"" o c the cac danh t am ch ng hay tn ngu , cac dng t nguyn mu ,
hay cac danh dng tu (gerund)
V du' either he or she has go to the @eeting this a.ternoon"
I ca@e there to @eet either the director or the EiceWdirector, not the secretary"
I %iDe either watching 5V or reading IooDs"
Me intend either to go to the Ieach or to go on a -icnic"
+ ether . or dung trong cu phu dnh th dn ta y' khng. ma cung khng, c
ha du khng. I dont want to tak to ether Ma or her husband.
] I want to ta%D neither Yai nor her husIand"
6. 4UF<*Ut - 4zt' khng. ma cung
khng" Dng de thay the cho ether"" or trong
cu phu dnh"
V du: I dont ke ether horror fms or acton ms
] I %iDe neither horror .i%@s nor action .i%@s
+ c the dao
ngu'
Teither horror .i%@s nor actions .i%@s do I %iDe"
U. 4z Szz4Ut - <*B42 *Bt6s, SBtUs- >*U4'
vua m"" th Thung su dung d dao ngu"
N bang v cu trc: HARDLY/ SCARELY.
WHEN
V du' No soon e r had she .inished her test than she rea%i2ed her care%ess @istaDes"
] /ar4 l 3 had she .inished her test w h e n she rea%i2ed her care%ess @istaDes"
@!" !N$ENS!%N: c!u dao ng1
Phn nay thung t xut hn trong d th tt ngp, nn cac em tu nghn cuu"
@!!" &%00%N P#TTE)NS: d!y chinh la nh1ng m!u c!u thgng dung quyn 96 da
Gu!t %n"
t!t quan trong trong Ki thi tgt nghip" su c!u cac em phai nh{" ` th chim ; ?
< dim"
P * :
!" P)%N*N&!#T!%N: phct !m
Ph!n nay th1{ng chim ; c!u trong d thi tgt nghip" N` yu cu ccc em phi dc
v tmm ra met trong < Am6 m c` !m d1{c dc Khcc ccc !m cn li" <hgng th1{ng d
yu c!u cac nguyn !m6 c` lu"c ph !m"
R" nguy?n =@' cac m thung duc phat ra' a, e, i, o , u va h cm (h(@ute))
+ ,, duc phat gua + a.
L m ca nguyn m U ( u + phu m + phu m)
Cac dang thung gap a ' uct, ud, ug, u%t, u@, u@I, u@-, ung, un, t, ut"
V du' dud (d v dung), duct (ng dn), ducD, drunD, Iug, su%tan (quc vung), a%du%t, du@-, sung, cut,
cu-,
product, under, umber, usher, Sunday,
cuture. L m ca ULL
V du' du%%, gu%%, hu%%, %u%%, hu%%o, @u%%, nu%%,
L m ca nguyn m O kh c dang OVE " K5GN, KYN
V du' doEe, %oEe , %oEaI%e, g%oEe, shoEe, @other, Irother, so@e, co@e, done,
Ngoa : cove /kouv/, move /mu:v/, ove ..
+ 2a:2 m ca nhm' Lf, LHY, LHe, Le5, LHV, LS5, LSg, LdUG, Lee, LSV, NLf5"
V du' car, s@art, ca%@, ha%., ca%Ees, .ast, %aught, a.ternoon, sta.., heart"
+ 2e2 nguyn m ca e, ea, dung truc mt hoac ha phu m" Nht a kh co dang ead, eath, eat"
E6 ea + ph !m + +ph !m,
V du' Ied, net, s@e%%, center, send, read (qa khu ), Iread, Ireath, Ireadth, weather, @eadow, s-read, threat"
+ 2B2 m ca a + phu m + phu =@
V du' @an, @atch, %a@-, -ath,
+2i2 m ca nguyn m I, kh I dung truc mt hoac ha nguyn m '
i + ph !m + ph
!m
v du' -in, thing, sicD, idio@, i@-ression
I a m cua y, kh y dung cu tu'
V du' city, country, windy, snowy, rany, capacty, responsbty .
+ 2i:2 m da, m ca nguyn m e, kh co cu truc' e + ph !m + e
V du: scheme /sk:m/, convene, compete, |apanese, Vetnamese, Chnese,.
/i'/ cn m ca' e, ee, ea,ie, ei"
V du' @e, Iee, -eaD, thef, ceng, beeve.
+,, mt m o ngan" N m ca nguyn m O , kh O dung truc mt hoac ha phu m
% + ph !m + +ph
!m,
V du: hot, hospta, hoday, ock.
+, ), m o da" L m ca OR, KfN, LH(H), LHg, LM, Ld, Kd, KdUG
V du' -ort, horse, @ore, ta%%, a%ways, ta%D, .awn, Lugust, course, thought"
+2u2 m u ngan, m ca U, KK, dHH,
KdHA V du' -ut, .oot, hooD, .u%%, cou%d, shou%d,
good Ngoa tru : shouder /|oudo (r)/ va
+2u:2 m u da, m ca K, KK, KN, Kd, dN
V du' to, two, 2oo, shoe, shoe, through, c%ue, foot,
food. Ngoa tru ' cue /DZu', hue /hZu'/
+,, doc nhu m ngan, m ca a, e, I ,o va u kh r vao phn khng nhn gong"
L m ca A, N, I, K,d, Li, Ld, Lf, Cf, Nf, Kf, NL, KI, NK, I, df(N), Kd(S), dfN, KLf, Kd(f), fN"
V du' again, away, con.ident, ca-acity, co@-osition, century, curtain, scho%ar, archard, @onger, @onitor,
dangerous, co%our, adEenture, cu-Ioard, .ire, ocean
+, ), m da, m ca ER, if, Kf, df, NLf, xay ra o t dn m hoac van duc nhn gong
V du' her, -erson, sir, dirty, .ur, .urther, word, worst, wor%d, heard, ear%y, %earn, earth"
+2ei/ doc nhu m , m ca AI, LC, NI, NC
V du' gain, day, -%ay, weigh, eight, they, conEey
/ei/ c cu trc theo nguyn tac ' # + ph !m + E
V du: game, race, grade, safe, cake.
/ei/ cn theo nguyn tac' # + ph !m + ngu3Cn Am + ngu3Cn Am
V du' radio, -ronunciation, .acia%, -atient
+2ai2 doc nhu m a" L m ca I, C, IN, CN, NI
V du: I, fy, shy, te, fe, e, dye, rye, ether, nether, .
Nguyn m I duc phat m a /ai/ kh no a' IUG, IUG5, ITAIVIAdLHHC , IHA, IUT
V du: sght, nght, tght, nd, md, mght, wd, sgn, .
/ai/ c cu trc theo nguyn tac' ! + ph !m + E hoac ph !m + ! + ngu3Cn Am
V du' @ine, di@e (ht dao), descriIe, -i-e, organi2e,
V du' dia@ond, %ion, science,
Ngoa tru ' -iano"
+ ,i, duc phat m nhu m o" L m ca O, KC
V du' oi%, soi%, Eoice, coin, Ioy, e@-%oy, soya (du nanh), roya%
+2au/ doc nhu au" L m ca OW, Kd
V du' now, cow, town, @ouse, -%ough, count"
+,u, doc nhu u" L m ca O, Kd, KM, KL, Ld, NM, KN, NK, KK, NLd
V du' so, go, sou%, dough, though, Dnow, s%ow, own, road, sew (Dh=u, va) toe, Irooch (tram ca du), -%ateau
(cao nguy?n)
2u, m ca O trong cu trc' % + ph !m + E
V du: robe, code, hoe, home, aone, hope, rose.
+/o/ doc nhu a" L m ca EAR, NL, iNf, ERE hay E vn co nhn gong
V du' ear, hear, near, idea, Dorea, inda, beer, vounteer, poneer, here, sphere, hero, query, sera,
serous .
+ ,e, doc nhu e" L m ca EAR, Lif, LfN, Nif, NfN
V du' -ear (%?), wear, chair, hair, care, dare, their, heir (ngu thua k), where, there.
( gua ha nguyn m, c mt phu m R, nguyn m dung truc mu tu R pha doc them m
/o/ nu a m nhn gong
V du: parents /peoronts/, darng, nqury, hero, curous.
+/u, doc nhu ua " L m ca OOR, Kdf, dfN
V du' -oor, moor, boor, tour, dour, sure, ure.
+ 1u y cach doc s nhu v danh t v s t v dng t
nu tn cung danh tu a cac du' -, ., c, g, t, th, -h, chng ta doc a /s/
( nu tn cung a' s, 0, dg /g/, ch //, gh, c(e), sh, |, th chng ta doc /i2/
( cn a doc /2/
+ cach doc du ?e4 v dng tu qua khu co qu tac'
( nu tn cung dng tu a nhung m nhu' -, ., D, s, sh, du -ed
doc a /t/
( nu tn cung a' t, d, du -ed doc a
/id/
( cn a doc /d/
!!" ST)ESS: nh!n !m
Ph!n nay th1{ng chim hai c!u trong d thi tgt nghip"
4`i chung6 c` Khc nhiu Kinh nghim d lm phn ny" Egt sg cach sau co th giup
cac em t1 tin h{n trong vic chon !m nh!n Khac v{i cac !m con lai"
4u t!n cung la cac dugi ?tion6 -sion6 -ic -6 thm nhn ngay tr1{"c n`
V du' conserEation' nhn vao m thu ` tnh t tra qua,
VreserEation' nhn vao m thu ` tnh t tra qua"
Vrotection' nhn vao m thu O tnh t tra qua"
Co@@unication' nhn vao m thu h tnh tu tra
qua,, Co@@ercia%i2ation' nhn vao m thu Q tnh t
tra qua" N%ectric, @echanic' nhn vao m thu O
tnh t tra qua"
4u t!n cung la ?3 +th1{ng la lity, hoc -al lui ; Am6 tNnh tf cui
V du' res-onsiIi%ity' nhn vao m thu h tnh t tra qua"
Ca-acity' nhn vao m thu O tnh t tra qua.
Critica%' nhn vao m du tn tnh tu tra qua
4u la danh t16 tNnh tf : !m tit6 thm nhn vo !m th1 nh!t6 dgng t1 : !m tit nh!n
vao !m th1 :"
V du' concert, chi%dren, -arents, success, .
Sored, Ioring, happy, .
Segin, succeed, attract,.
4u l danh tf ghe"p6 nh!n vao t1 d!u6 tNnh tf v deng tf nhn vo th hai"
V du' darDroo@, greenhouse, c%assroo@, sittingroo@, u-stairs""
SadWte@-ered, o%dW.ashoned
5o understand, to oEer .%ow
4h!n ngay sau cac tin tg $prefiGes) nh1) a-6 an-6 be-" e-6 con-6 com-6
pre-6 pro6-- cc em s dung v d Gem h"t ccc tin tg" "
V du' a%one, another, Ieco@e, conc%ude, co@serEe, -reWwriting, -ro.esstiona%, nonWproft.
Egt sg !m dc thu6 nh!n ngay vao no nh1: a4e6 -con6 -ee6 -eer6 -ese
V du' %e@onade, Ia%%oon, re.ugee, Vietna@ese .
4goi ra ccc em cuhng cn nh gg" c t1 +root,6 d1a vao do d tim d!u nh!n"
V du chng ta c t gc hap ha--y unha--y happness.
i vi tf c` ( !m ti"p tr ln thm ccch tg"t nht l da vo tin t, hoc nhlng dugi $al, ty,
eer6 ese6 ee-,
Sio%ogy, -hi%oso-hy, trainee, Eierna@ese, interview, interEiewee.
Egt sg t1 dc %it Khgng theo qui tc trn +Gem v{ hoc,
V du' com.ortaI%e, @ature .
(trch uc quyn `, cng tac ga )
!!!" Ai dc hiu
Mt knh nghm tt km th gan a cac em doc cu ho truc, r doc ut qua ba d y
thng tn chnh, tm
ch cu ho yu cu, v ga quyt" Cn thn v nhung ca by v con s (nam, km.), thung
cac em s pha am phung an cng tr de y s u"
V du' he was Iorn in Ri`P and died in RiQa" Gow o%d was heB
L" `P S" Qa &" ;= A" sti%% a%iEe
$!" Ai din tf
Thung dy a phn kho chu nht va gy chan nan nht cho hoc snh, v cac em nga doc" 5uy
nhi?n, nhung dang ba nay a d am v du hu nhn bt nhu "
Thu nht a v cu truc cu" Cn uu y a mao tu b ngha danh tu, tnh t, s tu, tu thu tu"" b
ngha danh tu" Trang t bo ngha cho dng t v tnh tu " Nu co chu ngu, th s c dng tu " Nu co g
tu th theo sau no a danh tu hoac danh dng tu" Nu theo sau a tn ngu th truc no a dng tu
hoac danh dng tu, nu truc n tnh t so hu th sau n danh t.
Ngoa ra cac em cng cn quan tm dn nga ca cu de dn t cho thch hp "
V du" L.ter (R) his e0a@ resu%t, he was (O) Eery @uch"
R" L" Dnow S" Dnowing C" Dnow%edge A" to Dnow
O" L" Iore S" Ioring C" Iored A" to Ioring
Cu mt cn mt danh dng tu, chu khng th a danh tu v sau no co tn ngu" V a khng the
dng dng t nguyn mu v truc no a n tu, v cng khng the to nfntve v cung a en tu"
Vy dap an " dng" C=u hai, cn mt tnh tu v co dng tu to be" Khng th dung bore v no a
dng tu, khng th dung to borng sa ngu phap, khng th dung borng, v o dy, anh y a chu th
b tac dng b ca kt qua th, nn pha dung Iored" Vy dap an C" dng"
$" 3 < t3 5 < * F < < 4 _ * F5 P
Language structure Number
o items
S1ills Number
o items
D Phonetics
W stress, and/or
W Vowe%s j consonants
D (rammar E &ultural Tips
W5enses o. se\uence o. tenses
W syntactica% structures
W connectiEes
a
OP
D )ea4ing s1ills
W gerera% c%o2e -rocedures (R te0t, k
RaPWword %ong)
W reading co@-rehension (R te0t, k
OPPWword %ong) with \uestions that
re\uire short res-onses" (cu%tura% ti-s
we%co@ed)
RP
W si@-%e co@@unicatiEe
.unctions, and others
D $ocabular3
W word .or@ation
W word choice/ co%%ocation
a
( .riting s1ills
Wtrans.or@ationa% writing
(co@-%etion' -hrase c%ause %eEe%)
Wwriting error
Indenti.ication and connection
RP
Total ;8 Total :8
$!" _FF E3 & A 4 <*F"
A _Fz 6 & z <z <*F <" < 4_*F5P <t34_ *z P* <*4_ 4E
#=
<*F *4* <* Egn thi) <F5"4_ B4* - * @ nm
Th1i gian l2m b2i3 *4 ph5t6 "4 c7u tr8c nghi9m #:; thi c< ! trang%
!u 1) Chon t c trong m chnh nhn vao m tet c v tr khac v nhung t con a:
A. study . repy C. appy D. rey
!u #) Chon t m phn gach chn c cach phat m khac v nhung t con a:
A. c hurches . c harman C. c hemst D. c hanges
!u () Chon t m phn gach chn c cach phat m khac v nhung t con a:
A. he at . se at C. gre at D. meat
!u .) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: od, as we as sver,
.................. n prce. A. have rsen . has rsen C. rse D. are rsng
!u /) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
He ............... to New York three tmes ths year.
A. had been . was C. s D. has been
!u =) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ng v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: I remember .................... you
about ths before. A. te . to te C. teng D. tod
!u @) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: Each of you ............ a share
n the work. A. have . has C. havng D. to have
!u C) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: He et the etter ................ onto the oor.
A. fa . fas C. fang D. fe
!u H) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
.......................... a my warnngs, he tred to x the computer hmsef.
A. Instead of . In spte of C. Athough D. ecause
!u 1) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: .................. your homework
nshed ast nght? A. Was . Dd C. Are D. Do
!u 11) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: Have you decded to appy
.................... the ob yet? A. for . to C. nto D. oh
!u 1#) Chon phung an thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
Mr. rown has .................... many patents .................... he s aways busy.
A. too/that . very/unt C. such/that D. so/that
!u 1() Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
We are very fond .......... fok musc.
A. n . at C. wth D. of
!u 1.) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
The chdren, ............... parents work ate, are taken home by bus.
A. that . whom C. whose D. ther
!u 1/) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
He wanted to know the reason ............... I was ate.
A. as . for C. why D. because
!u 1=) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thnh cu sau: She doesn't understand .................
I am sayng. A. what . that C. whose D. where
!u 1@) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
We have to start eary .............................. we won't be ate.
A. so that . that C. because D. because of
!u 1C) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
The pace .................... we spent our hoday was reay beautfu.
A. what . who C. where D. whch
!u 1H) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
She goes .................... a ot. She hardy ever spends an evenng at home.
A. out . down C. aong D. over
!u #) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
There are sma .................... between rtsh and Amercan Engsh.
A. dherences . dherent C. dherence D. dherenty
!u #1) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau:
Some speces of rare anmas are n .................... of extncton.
A. danger . dangerous C. dangerousy D. endanger
!u ##) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: We are .................... of the ong
ourney.
A. tre . trng C. tred D. to tre
!u #() Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: Sara speaks so .................... that I can't
understand her. A. fast . fasty C. faster D. fastest
!u #.) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: Woud you mnd ....................
me a hand wth ths bag?
A. gve . gvng C. to gve D. to gvng
!u #/) c dnh t c gach du cn pha sa, de cu sau tro thanh chnh xac:
W h e n I c a me n, everyone w e r e w a tc hng
a m. A C D
!u #=) c dnh t/cum t c gach du cn pha sa, de cu sau tro thanh chnh xac:
My famy s pent an nt ere ste d hoday n Europe a st summer .
A C D
!u #@) c dnh t/cum t c gach du cn pha sa, de cu sau tro thanh chnh xac:
My unce ve d n Hano s n c e 1990 to 1998, but he s n o w v ng n Hue.
A C D
!u #C) c dnh t/cum t c gach du cn pha sa, de cu sau tro thanh chnh xac:
He stopped to smoke because t s harmfu for hs
heath. A C D
!u #H) Chon cu (ung v A hoac , C, D) dn dat dng ngha cu sau: I ddn't have an umbrea wth me, so I got
wet.
A. If I had had an umbrea, I woudn't get wet. . If I had had an umbrea, I woud get wet.
C. If I had had an umbrea, I woudn't have got wet. D. If I had had an umbrea, I woud have got wet.
!u () Chon cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hon thnh cu sau: Peter wanted to wn the race. He ran
.................... . A. so fast as he can . fast as he coud C. fast as he can D. as fast as he
coud
!u (1) Chon cu (ung v A hoac , C, D) dn dat dng ngha cu sau: The cohee was too hot for me to drnk.
A. The cohee s so hot that I can't drnk t. . The cohee s so hot that I can't drnk.
C. The cohee was so hot that I coudn't drnk. D. The cohee was so hot that I coudn't drnk t.
!u (#) Chon cu (ung v A hoac , C, D) dn dat dng ngha cu sau: Learnng Engsh
s not easy. A. It s not easy to earnng Engsh. . It s easy earnng Engsh.
C. It s not easy to earn Engsh. D. It s not dmcut to earn Engsh.
hn tf thNch hp $ng vi B hoc A, , 6) d din vo ch trng trong %i Khoc sau, tf c!u
(( dn c!u .#)
Approxmatey 350 mon peope ......(33).... Engsh as ther rst .....(34)...... . About the same number use t .....
(35).... a second anguage. It s the anguage .....(36).... avaton, nternatona sport and word trade. 75% of the
word's .....(37).... s n Engsh, 60%
of the word's rado statons ....(38).... n Engsh, and more than haf of the word's newspapers are .....(39).... n Engsh.
It s an
omca anguage n 44 countres. In .....(40).... others, t s the anguage of busness, commerce and
technoogy. There are many.....(41).... of Engsh, but Scottsh, Austraan, Indan and |amacan speakers of
Engsh, n spte of the dfferences n pronuncaton, structure and vocabuary, woud .....(42).... that they
are a speakng the same basc anguage.
!u (() A. say . speak C. te D. tak
!u (.) A. anguage . anguages C. ngustcs D.
ngust !u (/) A. of . wth C. as D. n
!u (=) A. on . to C. from D. of
!u (@) A. ma . parces C. enveopes D.
etters !u (C) A. broadcast . trave C. wrte
D. show !u (H) A. spoken . prnted C. sod
D. taken !u .) A. an . more C. many
D. much !u .1) A. varetes. knd C. type
D. sort
!u .#) A. use . keep C. nvent D. recogne
c K %i Khoc sau v chn ph{ng cn dng $ng vi B hoc A, , 6) cho ccc c!u tf .( dn .@)
I was born n Newcaste, a cty n the North East of Engand. Newcaste s on the bank of the Rver Tyne. It s
qute bg, wth a popuaton of about 200,000 peope. There s a cathedra and a unversty. There are ve
brdges over the Rver Tyne, whch nk
Newcaste to the next town, ateshead, where there s one of the bggest shoppng centres n the word. A few years
ago, the man
ndustres were shpbudng and coamnng, but now the chemca and soap ndustres are mportant.
I moved to London ten years ago but I often return to Newcaste. I mss the peope, who are very frendy, and I
mss the beautfu countrysde near the cty, where there are so many hs and streams.
!u .() Newcaste s ............................ .
A. a cty near the North East of Engand . a sma town n Engand
C. a cty n the North East of Engand D. a cty n the North of Engand
!u ..) The popuaton of Newcaste s .................... .
A. 200,000 peope . much ess than 200,000 peope
C. much more than 200,000 peope D. about 200,000 peope
!u ./) ateshead has one of ................................ n the word.
A. the argest rvers ch . the most mportant shpbudng ndustres
C. the most beautfu countrysdes D. the bggest shoppng centres
!u .=) Accordng to the passage, the wrter ...................... .
A. s st vng n Newcaste . has never returned to Newcaste
C. doesn't ve n Newcaste any more D. has come back to ve n Newcaste
!u .@) Whch of the foowng s NOT true about Newcaste?
A. Its peope are frendy. . Its man ndustry now s
shpbudng. C. It has a cathedra and a unversty. D. It s next to ateshead.
!u .C) Chon t/cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: Susan s ookng for somethng
.................... .
A. eat . to eatng C. to eat D. eatng
!u .H) Chon t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: We need more sugar. There s
.................. sugar n the pot.
A. much . many C. any D. tte
!u /) Chon cum t thch hp (ung v A hoac , C, D) de hoan thanh cu sau: ...................... s Oxford from
Cambrdge? A. How ong . How far C. How ong away D. How
often
HET
/FGng 4Hn giIi
C=u R' ta th=y I,n -hFng an ?u co hai =@ ti?t, nhng trong o chi co L co th? %a@ danh t n?n nh=n Eao =@
R" %& al- aln
C=u O' n?n dung \uy %u=t %oai tr F =y" V1 C" oc %a /D/ c3n %a4i c %& / /
C=u `' =y %a c=u d?, n?n EFi Di?n thc cac e@ co th? nh=n Ii?t Fc cai I=y mt ra %a C " /ei/ C=u h'
0e@ -h=n V' s hoa hF- gia S Ea V, -h=n R
C=u a' d=u hi?u nh=n Ii?t %a three ti@es this year danh cho hoan thanh"
C=u Q' 0e@ III" In.initiEes and Uerunds EFi re@e@Ier + Ving' nhF a %a@ gi r,i
C=u _' 0e@ -h=n V' s hoa hF- gia S Ea V
C=u n' 0e@ III" In.initiEes and Uerunds -h=n S" nguy?n @=u Dh,ng 5K
C=u i' cho sp nh8ng I,4 , 0e@ \uy?n R, nhng @=u c=u th,ng dung, -h=n in s-ite o. Ea a%though
C=u RP' d=u hi?u thFi gian
C=u RR' giFi t i cung a--%y %a .or" qe@ sach giao Dhoa, Iari s a, -h=n ng -hal-" C=u
RO' 0e@ c=u truc so"" that (?ln nsi @ar )
So + adZ + that ] such (a/an) + adZ + T that
So adZ + (a/an) + T that
So + @any/ @uch/ %itt%e + T + that
C=u R`' qe@ sach giao Dhoa, Iari s a, -h=n ng -ha-" C=u
Rh' 0e@ VII, @?nh ? \uan h? 4 Eti a4i t whose C=u Ra'
0e@ VII, @?nh ? \uan h? EFi ai t why
C=u RQ' 0e@ VII, @?nh ? \uan h? EFi ai t what
C=u R_' 0e@ @=u c=u th,ng dung -h=n SK 5GL5
C=u Rn' 0e@ VII, @?nh ? \uan h? EFi ai t on which (cho ua i?v@) C=u
Ri' 0e@ -h=n ng -ha- E? UK, w =y go out ] i chFi
C=u OP' s@a%% %a tinh t n?n c=n @,t danh t" 5here are %a s, nhi?u n?n dung danh t s, nhi?u
C=u OR' Ie in danger ] Ie endangered' ang %=@ Eao nguy cF tuy?t chung
5h?@ na co giFi t thi c=n @,t danh t" gh,ng th? %a Ving Ei no Dh,ng co K hay sau o %a o.
C=u OO' C=n @,t tinh t thai , chi ngFi" Aa4ng nary thxng 8c Ii?ln t ,4 ng t -h=n t \u Dhy E& hi?4n ta4i " Vh=n t \ua
Dh hi?n tai thFng chi s chu ,ng Ea thFng danh cho E=t, c3n -h=n t \u Dhy th1 cho s7 Iu ,4 ng E& thxng darnh cho ngxi"
qe@ -h=n V"
C=u O`' c=u truc so z that EFi ,ng t c=n @,t trang t' .ast (a/adE)
C=u Oh' @ind + Eing (0e@ -h=rn III)
C=u Oa' 0e@ s hoa hF- gia S + V (-h=n O)
C=u OQ' c=u truc s-end ti@e/@oney (on/in) Ving/T' darnh thxi gian/ ti?n Iac %a@ gi, i =u, w =u
Go%iday' t chi E=t, n?n 0e@ tinh t cua no a -hu hF- chaB (oc c=u OO) C=u
O_' d=u hi?u since, d+ng Eti th1 hoarn tharnh"
C=u On' sto- to s@oDe' dng ? hut thu,c [ sto- s@oDing' dng hut thu,c
C=u Oi' c=u i?u Di?n, nh1n Earo th1 c{a c=u nguy?n nh=n h? 4 \u| tr?n , ta th=y ,ng t F thi \ua Dh, n?n Fc cho \u Dhy,
d+ng c=u i?ru Di?4n %oa4i `"
C=u `P' 0e@ so sanh Imng
C=u `R' 0e@ @=u c=u th,ng dung \uy?n R, c=u truc \ua ?n n,i ai o Dh,ng th? %a@ gi" C=u
`O' 0e@ @=u c=u th,ng dung, \y?n R
C=u ``' n$i @,4 t thy ng,n ng} ch/ng ta d+ng s-eaD" C=u
`h' ng,n ng chinh thc ] .irst %anguage
C=u `a' da4ng i chi?lu, so sanh' as
C=u `Q' hai danh t i cung EFi nhau thFng n,i Imng giFi t o.
C=u `_' ~ yl, trong h d Di?n, @,i @ai% %a Dh,ng co s, nhi?u
C=u `n' ~ ^ th=y co radio stations (tra4@ thu hanh) thFng dung ? -hat thanh I roadcast
C=u `i' ~ ^ th=ly Ialo ch; (news-a-ers) in =n (-rinted)
C=u hP' others ] other contries (s, nhi?u ?@ Fc @uch h ay @anyB
C=u hR' ~ ^ th=ly @any + T(?l@ F4 c, s, nhi?u)" V=y a- an nao -hu hF-B C=u
hO' wou%d z that' da4ng tr=rn thu=4t, n?n s dung recogni2e
C=u h`' ngay c=u =u ti?n cua Iai oc
C=u hh' ngay dong th O, ch/ ^ ch} aIout
C=u ha' 0e@ dong th ` c{a Iari c
C=u hQ' 0e@ c=u nary' I @oEed to Hondon ten years ago Iut I o.ten return to Tewcast%e"
C=u h_' TK5 true' Dh,ng ung EFi n,i dung Iai' 0e@ c=u nay' L .ew years ago, the @ain industries were shi-Iui%ding and
coa%@ining, Iut now the che@ica% and soa- industries are i@-ortant"
C=u hn' cho @7c ;ch Eti in.initEe (0e@ re%atiEe c%ause EFi -h=n tinh %Fc ai t \uan h?)
C=u hi' Fng %a danh t Dh,ng ?@ Fc" g?t hF- EFi c=u =u' ch/ng t,i c=rn th?@ Fng, E1 n$ c$ ;t" C=u aP'
K0.ord Ca@Iridge %a Dhoavng calch"
"