Swedish I Tutorial: Basic Phrases, Vocabulary and

Grammar
Thanks to Krystallia for the mp3s!
1. Basic Phrases
God morgon
Good Morning
Hej / God dag
Hello / Good ay
God !"ll
Good !"ening
God natt
Good #ight
Hej d# / $dj% $more formal%
Good&ye
Sn"lla
Please
Tac &s# mycet'
Thank yo' $"ery m'ch%
Ingen orsa / Vars#god
on(t mention it / )o'(re *elcome
(a / )ej
)es / #o
Herr / *ru / *r%en
Mister / Misses / Miss
Hur "r det+ / Hur har du det+
Ho* are yo'+
Hur m#r du+
Ho* are yo'+ $Ho* are yo' feeling+%
Bra
Good / ,ine
Inte s# bra,
#ot so good
Vad heter du+
-hat(s yo'r name+
(ag heter,,,
. am called...
-itt namn "r,,,
My name is...
Tre!ligt att tr"..as/
Pleased to meet yo'!
V"lommen/
-elcome!

Vari.r#n ommer du+
-here are yo' from+
(ag ommer .r#n,,,
.(m from...
Var bor du+
-here do yo' li"e+
(ag bor i,,,
. li"e in...
Hur gammal "r du+
Ho* old are yo'+
(ag "r 000 #r &gammal'.
. am //// years old.
Talar du s!ensa+
o yo' speak 0*edish+
(ag talar 1inte2 engelsa,
. 1don(t2 speak !nglish.
dansa, norsa, .ransa, italiensa, s3ansa, tysa, holl"ndsa, rysa, ja3ansa
anish3 #or*egian3 ,rench3 .talian3 0panish3 German3 'tch3 4'ssian3 5apanese
(a, lite grann, )ej, inte alls,
)es3 a little &it. #o3 not at all.
(ag .%rst#r 1inte,2
. 1don(t2 'nderstand.
(ag !et 1inte,2
. 1don(t2 kno*.
4rs"ta / *%rl#t
!6c'se me / Pardon me
Ha det s# bra/
Take care!
Vi ses senare / snart
0ee yo' later / soon
Hej / Hej d#
Hi / Bye
(ag "lsar dig,
. lo"e yo'.
(ag sanar dig,
. miss yo'.
Pratar du s!ensa+ is also a common *ay to ask Do you speak Swedish+3 tho'gh it is
considered more informal.
7. Pron'nciation
Swedish letter&s' 5nglish sound
ch sh
ck k
g g &efore a3 o3 '3 83 or 'nstressed e
g 9 &efore e3 i3 y3 :3 ; and after l or r
g k &efore t
g9 9
k soft ch so'nd3 &efore e3 i3 y3 :3 ;
< k
sch sh
ti$on% sh
t9 soft ch so'nd
"3 * "
6 ks
= s
3. >lpha&et
a ah ka* u ooh
b &ay l el ! "ay
c say m em 6 eks
d day n en y e*
e ay o oh 7 say?tah
. ef 3 pay # a* $*ith lips ro'nded%
g gay 8 koo " eh $as in &ed%
h ha* r air % er $*ith lips ro'nded%
i ee s ess
j yee t tay
@. #o'ns A Bases
#o'ns in 0*edish ha"e t*o genders3 common and ne'ter3 *hich ad9ecti"es m'st agree *ith
*hen modifying no'ns. These genders are signified &y the indefinite articlesC en and ett. .n the
"oca&'lary lists3 a no'n follo*ed &y $n% means that it is a ne'ter no'n and it takes the indefinite
article ett. The ma9ority of no'ns in 0*edish are common gender3 so they take the indefinite
article en.
The only case of no'ns that is 'sed in 0*edish is the geniti"e $sho*ing possession%3 and it is
easily formed &y adding an ?s to the no'n. This is compara&le to adding ?(s in !nglish to sho*
possession. Ho*e"er3 if the no'n already ends in ?s3 then yo' add nothing $'nlike !nglish *here
*e add ?( or ?(s%. $nders bo D >nders(s &ook
E. >rticles A emonstrati"es
There are t*o indefinite articles $corresponding to a and an% in 0*edishC en and ett. !n is 'sed
*ith most of the no'ns $*ords denoting people almost al*ays 'se en%3 &'t yo' *ill 9'st ha"e to
learn *hich article goes *ith *hich no'n. The definite article $the% is not a separate *ord like in
most other lang'ages. .t is simply a form of the indefinite article attached to the end of the no'n.
#ote that en *ords ending in a "o*el retain that "o*el and add an ?n instead of adding ?en. >nd
ett *ords ending in ?e 9'st add a ?t.
En words (common) Ett words (neuter)
.ndefinite efinite .ndefinite efinite
en banan a &anana bananen the &anana ett bord a ta&le bordet the ta&le
en stol a chair stolen the chair ett % a kitchen %et the kitchen
en gata a street gatan the street
ett
"33le
an apple "33let the apple

This, that, these and those are e6pressed in 0*edish &y 'sing den, det or de pl's the *ord h"r
$here% and d"r $there%. The no'n is al*ays in the definite form after these demonstrati"es. >nd if
any ad9ecti"es follo* the demonstrati"e3 they m'st add an ?a to the ending.

with en words with ett words with plural words
this /
these
den h"r &il9etten ? this
ticket
det h"r t8get ? this train
de h"r &il9etterna ? these
tickets
that /
those
den d"r &il9etten ? that
ticket
det d"r t8get ? that train de d"r t8gen ? those trains
F. 0'&9ect A G&9ect Prono'ns
Subject 9 :bject Pronouns
jag . mig &mej' me
du yo' $sing'lar% dig &dej' yo'
han he honom him
hon she henne her
den it $*ith en *ords% den it
det it $*ith ett *ords% det it
man one en one
!i *e oss 's
ni yo' $pl'ral% er yo'
de &dom' they dem &dom' them
-an can &e translated as one3 *e3 they or the people in general. -hen referring to no'ns as it3
yo' 'se den for en no'ns3 and det for ett no'ns. ,ormerly3 du *as the informal yo' and ni *as
the formal3 &'t these distinctions are rarely 'sed anymore. The forms in parentheses are the
informal *ays of spelling these *ords3 *hich is closer to the act'al pron'nciation.
H. To Be A to Ha"e
The present and past tenses of "er&s in 0*edish are "ery simple to con9'gate. >ll the forms are
the same for each personal prono'n. The infiniti"e of the "er& to be in 0*edish is !ara3 and the
con9'gated present tense form is "r and the past tense is !ar. The infiniti"e of the "er& to have is
ha3 and the con9'gated present tense form is har and the past tense is hade.
att !ara ; to be att ha ; to ha!e
. am jag "r . *as jag !ar . ha"e jag har . had jag hade
yo' are du "r yo' *ere du !ar yo' ha"e du har yo' had du hade
he is han "r he *as han !ar he has han har he had han hade
she is hon "r she *as hon !ar she has hon har she had hon hade
it is den "r it *as den !ar it has den har it had den hade
it is det "r it *as det !ar it has det har it had det hade
one is man "r one *as man !ar one has man har one had man hade
*e are !i "r *e *ere !i !ar *e ha"e !i har *e had !i hade
yo' are ni "r yo' *ere ni !ar yo' ha"e ni har yo' had ni hade
they are de "r they *ere de !ar they ha"e de har they had de hade

To form the f't're tense of "er&s3 9'st add sa &efore the infiniti"e. (ag sa !ara D . *ill &eI
hon sa ha D she *ill ha"eI etc.
J. Ksef'l -ords
sometimes ibland already redan
al*ays alltid perhaps anse
ne"er aldrig &oth b#da
often o.ta some n#gon, n#got, n#gra
's'ally o.tast again igen, #ter
no* nu &et*een mellan
and och a lot3 many m#nga
&'t men of co'rse naturligt!is
or eller a little lite grann
"ery mycet / !"ldigt not at all inte alls
here h"r almost n"stan
there d"r really+ !erligen
*ith med it is det "r
each other !arandra there is/are det .inns
L. M'estion -ords
-ho !em -hose !ems
-hat !ad -hich !ilen, !ilet, !ila
-hy !ar.%r -here to !art
-hen n"r -here from !ari.r#n
-here !ar Ho* hur
Which has three different forms depending on the gender and n'm&er of the no'n that follo*s it.
Nilken is 'sed *ith en *ords3 "ilket is 'sed *ith ett *ords and "ilka is 'sed *ith pl'ral *ords.
1O. Bardinal A Grdinal #'m&ers
O noll
1 en, ett 1st .%rsta
7 t!# 7nd andra
3 tre 3rd tredje
@ .yra @th .j"rde
E .em Eth .emte
F se6 Fth sj"tte
H sju Hth sjunde
J #tta Jth #ttonde
L nio Lth nionde
1O tio 1Oth tionde
11 el!a 11th el.te
17 tol! 17th tol.te
13 tretton 13th trettonde
1@ .jorton 1@th .jortonde
1E .emton 1Eth .emtonde
1F se6ton 1Fth se6tonde
1H sjutton 1Hth sjuttonde
1J arton 1Jth artonde
1L nitton 1Lth nittonde
7O tjugo 7Oth tjugonde
71 tjugoen, tjugoett 71st tjugo.%rsta
77 tjugot!# 77nd tjugoandra
3O trettio 3Oth trettionde
@O .yrtio @Oth .yrtionde
EO .emtio EOth .emtionde
FO se6tio FOth se6tionde
HO sjuttio HOth sjuttionde
JO #ttio JOth #ttionde
LO nittio LOth nittionde
1OO hundra 1OOth hundrade
13OOO tusen 13OOOth tusende
million en miljon
&illion en miljard
trillion en biljon
11. ays of the -eek / Neckans dagar
Monday m#ndag
T'esday tisdag
-ednesday onsdag
Th'rsday torsdag
,riday .redag
0at'rday l%rdag
0'nday s%ndag
day dag
morning morgon
afternoon e.termiddag
e"ening a.ton &be.ore < 3m' / !"ll
night natt
today idag
tomorro* imorgon
day after tomorro* i %!ermorgon
tonight i!"ll
yesterday ig#r
day &efore yesterday i .%rrg#r
last night ig#r natt
*eek !eca
*eekend helg
daily daglig
*eekly !ecolig
To say PonP a certain day3 'se 3# &efore the day.
17. Months of the )ear / Qrets m>nader

5an'ary januari
,e&r'ary .ebruari
March mars
>pril a3ril
May maj
5'ne juni
5'ly juli
>'g'st augusti
0eptem&er se3tember
Gcto&er otober
#o"em&er no!ember
ecem&er december
month m#nad
year #r
monthly m#natlig / !arje m#nad
yearly #rlig
To say PinP a certain month3 'se i &efore the month.
13. 0easons
-inter !inter in $the% *inter 3# !intern
0pring !#r in $the% spring 3# !#ren
0'mmer sommar in $the% s'mmer 3# sommaren
,all h%st in $the% fall 3# h%sten
)o' can also 'se i &efore the names of the months to e6press thisC i !inter D this *inter
1@. irections
#orth norr #ortheast nordost
0o'th s%der #orth*est nord!"st
!ast %ster 0o'theast sydost
-est !"ster 0o'th*est syd!"st

left till !"nster
right till h%ger
straight ahead rat .ram
1E. Bolors
orange orange, orangea
pink rosa / s"r, s"rt, s"ra
p'rple lila
&l'e bl#, bl#tt, bl#a
yello* gul, gult, gula
red r%d, r%tt, r%da
&lack s!art, s!art, s!arta
&ro*n brun, brunt, bruna
gray gr#, gr#tt, gr#a
*hite !it, !itt, !ita
green gr%n, gr%nt, gr%na

0ince colors are ad9ecti"es3 most of them agree *ith the no'n they descri&e. The first *ord is
'sed *ith en *ords3 the second *ith ett *ords and the third *ith pl'ral *ords. 0ome *ords
remain the same for all three $s'ch as lila.%
1F. Time / Tid
-hat time is it+ Vad "r locan+
.t is 7 >M =locan "r t!# 3# natten
FC7O tjugo %!er se6
half past 3 hal! .yra
<'arter past @ !art %!er .yra
<'arter to E !art i .em
1O past 11 tio %!er el!a
7O to H tjugo i sju
noon mitt 3# dagen
midnight midnatt
in the morning 3# morgonen
in the e"ening 3# !"llen
.t(s e6actly... den "r 3recis
>&o't/aro'nd J. omring #tta
>t J. locan #tta
early tidigt
late$r% sent &senare'
0*eden 'ses the 7@ ho'r clock for official times s'ch as train sched'les.
1H. -eather / N>der
Ho*(s the *eather today+ Vad "r det .%r !"der idag+
.t(s cold det "r allt
&ea'tif'l !acert / .int
hot j"tte!armt
clear lart
icy isigt
*arm !armt
*indy bl#sigt
clo'dy molnigt
ha=y disigt
m'ggy r#tt
h'mid .utigt
foggy dimmigt
.t(s sno*ing det sn%ar
.t(s raining det regnar
.t(s free=ing det "r allt/yligt
1J. ,amily / ,amil9
Parents .%r"ldrar
Mother mamma / mor / moder
,ather 3a33a / .ar / .ader
0on son
a'ghter dotter
Brother bror
0ister syster
Grandfather .ar.ar &.ather>s .ather' / mor.ar &mother>s .ather'
Grandmother .armor &.ather>s mother' / mormor &mother>s mother'
Grandson sonson &son>s son' / dotterson &daughter>s son'
Grandda'ghter
sondotter &son>s daughter' / dotterdotter &daughter>s
daughter'
#iece
brorsdotter &brother>s daughter' / systerdotter
&sister>s daughter'
#ephe* brorson &brother>s son' / systerson &sister>s son'
Bo'sin usin
Kncle
.arbror &.ather>s brother' / morbror &mother>s
brother'
>'nt .aster &.ather>s sister' / moster &mother>s sister'
Boy 3oje
Girl .lica
Bhild / Ba&y barn / baby / bebis / s3"dbarn
>d'lt !u6en &n'
Man man
-oman !inna
,riend $m% !"n
,riend $f% !"ninna
1L. To Kno* People A ,acts
knna to know people veta to know !acts
present (know, knows) "nner !et
past (knew) "nde !isste
!uture (will know) sa "nna sa !eta
7O. ,ormation of Pl'ral #o'ns
>n en *ord takes one of the follo*ing endings *hen it is pl'rali=edC or, ar, er. >n ett *ord takes
an n or no ending at all.
.ndefinite Pl'ral
!n *ords that end in ;a
drop ;a and add
;or
en loca ; locor
a *atch ? $some%
*atches
!n *ords that end in ;e
drop ;e and add
;ar
en 3oje ; 3ojar a &oy ? $some% &oys
!n *ords *ith stress on last
"o*el
add ;er
en amrat ;
amrater
a friend ? $some%
friends
!tt *ords that end in a "o*el add ;n ett st"lle ; st"llen a place ? $some% places
!tt *ords that end in a
consonant
no ending ett rum ; rum a room ? $some% rooms
To form the definite pl'ral3 yo' m'st first form the indefinite pl'ral and then add these endings
to that *ord.
.ndef. Pl'ral !n *ords add ;na
locor ;
locorna
$some% *atches ? the
*atches
.ndef. Pl'ral !tt *ords that end in a
"o*el
add ;a st"llen ; st"llena $some% places ? the places
.ndef. Pl'ral !tt *ords that end in a
consonant
add ;en rum ; rummen $some% rooms ? the rooms
There are some no'ns that change their "o*el in the pl'ral. These no'ns 's'ally take the ?er
ending *hen forming the indefinite pl'ral.
en natt ; n"tter a night ? nights en bonde ; b%nder a farmer ? farmers
en stad ; st"der a to*n ? to*ns en ledamot ; ledam%ter a mem&er ? mem&ers
en hand ; h"nder a hand ? hands en .ot ; .%tter a foot ? feet
en tand ; t"nder a tooth ? teeth en rot ; r%tter a root ? roots
en strand ;
str"nder
a &each ? &eaches en bo ; b%cer a &ook ? &ooks
en rand ; r"nder a stripe ? stripes en man ; m"n a man ? men
ett land ; l"nder a co'ntry ? co'ntries mannen ; m"nnen the man ? the men