Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
=
2
Holding cost can be expressed a
proportion of the unit cost (I)
For each unit cost (UC
i
), the minimum
point of the cost curve comes with Q
oi
Q
oi
for each curve could be either
Valid minimum: within the range of valid
order quantities for this particular unit cost
Invalid minimum: falls outside the valid order
range for this particular unit cost
Case 2: All costs are constant except the unit cost (or
unit price from supplier) and holding cost
13
Ex 1b: Sweatshirt in Bookstore
Ex 1b: Sweatshirt in Bookstore
The university bookstore purchases sweatshirts with school
logo from a vendor. The vendor sells the sweatshirts to the
store for $38 a piece. The cost to bookstore for placing an
order is $120, and the annual carrying cost is 25% of the
cost of sweatshirt. 1700 sweatshirts are estimated to be sold
during the year. The vendor has offered the bookstore the
following volume discount:
What is an optimal order quantity?
Order Size Discount
1-299
300-499
500-799
800 and up
0%
2%
4%
5%
14
Rising cost with larger quantity
15
Ex 2 Rising delivery cost
Kwok Cheng Ho makes a range of high
quality garden ornaments. On average
day he uses 4 tons of fine grain sand.
This sand costs $20 a ton to buy, and
$1.90 a ton to store for a day.
Deliveries are made by modified lorries that
carry up to 15 tons, and each delivery of
a load or part load costs $200.
Find the cheapest way to ensure
continuous supplies of sand
16
Finish
replenishment
rate
Production Production
and demand and demand
(PT) (PT)
Demand Demand
only only
(DT) (DT)
T T
Production quantity Production quantity
Demand during Demand during
production interval production interval
Maximum inventory Maximum inventory
I
n
v
e
n
t
o
r
y
L
e
v
e
l
I
n
v
e
n
t
o
r
y
L
e
v
e
l
Q Q
Time Time
I I
max max
P D
D
17
CASE 1
CASE 3
CASE 3
CASE 3
CASE 1, CASE 2, CASE 3
EX 2