TEST - THE GREAT DEPRESSION & NEW DEAL

1.Which of the following was a cause of the Great Depression?: A. Manufacturers had produced
more goods than the consumers could buy. B. Bans loaned money to speculators to finance
shay deals and play the stoc maret. !. Wages had not ept up with prices. D. "he
#Domino $ffect%. $. All of the abo&e.
'. (igher business in&entories in the late 1)'*+s led to: A. cutbacs in the production of goods.
B. increased employment. !. higher demand for goods. D. more layoffs. $. both A , D
-. After the stoc maret crash of 1)'). some bans failed because: A. the /D0! program
withdrew its deposits. B. people no longer wanted to borrow money. !. the production of
goods increased. D. borrowers could not repay their loans they used to in&est in the stoc
maret.
1. At the start of the Great Depression. (oo&er+s belief in 2rugged indi&idualism2 meant that he:
A. held corporations responsible for the economic slump. B. opposed go&ernment interference
in the economy. !. supported direct go&ernment relief for the unemployed. D. felt the
go&ernment should help indi&iduals. but not businesses.
3. Who did (oo&er belie&e should sol&e the economic problems of the Great Depression: A. the
/ederal go&ernment. B. consumers and producers. !. pri&ate relief organi4ations. D. none of
the abo&e.
5. (oo&er belie&ed: A. the go&ernment should gi&e direct relief to the needy. B. welfare would
ruin people+s character. !. in rugged indi&idualism. D. that any relief should come from pri&ate
institutions and not the federal go&ernment. $. all but A.
6. A ma7or reason for over production in the 1)'*+s was: A. buying on margin. B. the stoc
maret crash. !. worer producti&ity outweighed buying power. D. all of the abo&e
8."o get rich 9uic. some Americans in the 1)'*+s: A. mined for gold. B. bought consumer
goods. !. bought stocs on margin. D. put money in bans.
). Ban failures were caused by: A. bans playing the stoc maret. B. people losing their
confidence in bans and pulling their money out of them. !. high tariffs. D. both A , B
1*. When one area of the economy collapsed it affected other areas. "his was called: A.
monopolies. B. domino effect. !. concentration of wealth. D. buying on margin. $. all of the
abo&e.
11. (oo&er was: A. a conser&ati&e. B. a :epublican. !. a self;made millionaire. D. all of the
abo&e.
1'. "he huge sale of durable goods throughout the 1)'*+s led to: A. an increase demand for
durable goods by 1)'). B. a decline in demand for durable goods by 1)'). !. a huge increase in
public debt by 1)'). D. none of the abo&e.
1-. A fall in demand for products causes business in&entories to: A. shrin. B. grow. !.
di&ersify. D. collapse
11. By the end of 1)-': A. almost one in ten were out of wor. B. almost one in four were out
of wor. !. almost half were out of wor. D. the Great Depression had ended. $. both ! , D.
13. "he Great Depression has a greater impact than earlier depressions in part because: A. fewer
people li&ed on farms. B. the go&ernment refused to spend money on public wors pro7ects.
!. the <resident too no steps to restore prosperity. D. most people owned stocs.
15. "he Bonus Army: A. was a group of WW0 &eterans who marched on Washington to demand
money from the go&ernment. B. were attaced by Gen. Douglas Mac Arthur. !. helped cause
(oo&er to lose the presidential election of 1)-'. D. all of the abo&e
16. 0n the election of 1)-': A. /ranlin :oose&elt won the presidency in a close election.
B. (erbert (oo&er won the popular &ote but lost the electoral &ote. !. (oo&er was re;elected.
D. /D: won the presidency by a wide margin.
18. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the =nited >tates when /ranlin
:oose&elt too office in 1)--? A. Millions were unemployed and homeless. B. "housands of
the bans had closed. !. /armers had been able to reco&er from their problems of the 1)'*?s.
D. Assembly lines had ground to a halt.
1). <resident /ranlin D. :oose&elt belie&ed that the go&ernment should: A. e@periment with
many ideas to help sol&e the problems of the Great Depression. B. stay out of economic affairs.
!. mo&e slowly in times of crisis. D. promote the growth of big business.
'*. 0n his inaugural address in 1)--. <resident :oose&elt declared that: A. the depression must
run its course. B. labor legislation would hurt chances for an economic reco&ery. !. the
go&ernment would tae &igorous action against the depression. D. the depression was o&er.
'1. Which of the following phrases does NOT describe how most Americans were reacting to
their economic plight in early 1)--? A. Withdrawing sa&ings from bans. B. (iding cash under
mattresses. !. "ra&eling the country on freight cars looing for wor.. D. re;electing (erbert
(oo&er.
''. /D:?s legislati&e programs. nown as the /irst Aew Deal. passed !ongress largely because:
A. both !ongress and /D: were :epublicans. B. all the programs were warmly recei&ed by the
public. !. !ongress had no other programs to suggest. D. both !ongress and /D: were
Democrats.
'-. "he Aew Deal had all of the following goals $B!$<": A. relief for the unemployed. B.
redistribution of wealth. !. reco&ery of the economy. D. reform to pre&ent another depression.
'1. =nlie (erbert (oo&er. /ranlin :oose&elt belie&ed that the:
A. the /ederal go&ernment must create massi&e 7obs programs to end the depression. B.
depression would run its course. !. state and local go&ernments should be put in charge of
efforts to help the unemployed. D. none of the abo&e..
'3. :oose&elt?s Aew Deal ad&isers urged farmers to: A. plant cotton instead of corn. B. limit
crop production. !. tae go&ernment 7obs. D. stop taing mortgages on their farms.
'5. !onser&ati&es ob7ected to the Aew Deal because it: A. ignored the needs of the
unemployed. B. put limits on free enterprise. !. failed to help farmers. D. allowed monopolies
to continue to operate.
'6. "he >upreme !ourt challenged the Aew Deal by: A. threatening to impeach the <resident.
B. declaring that Aew Deal programs &iolated the constitutional separation of powers. !.
creating agencies to o&ersee Aew Deal programs. D. ruling that some Aew Deal programs were
unconstitutional.
'8. #Ban (olidays% occurred when: A. bans attempted to gain depositors by offering free
pri4es. B. :oose&elt ordered bans closed to stop runs on them. !. :oose&elt ordered the
go&ernment to tae control of all bans. D. bans recei&ed loans from the go&ernment to help
them stay open.
'). "ennessee Calley Authority A. !reated to regulate the stoc maret.
-*. !i&ilian !onser&ation !orps B. Built roads. dams. bridges and employed
1*D of the nation?s unemployed.
-1. Agricultural Ad7ustment Act !. <ut young unemployed men to wor on
conser&ation pro7ects.
-'. <ublic Wors Administration D. :educed flooding and brought electricity to
se&en southern states.
--. >ecurities and $@change !ommission $. <aid farmers subsidies not to grow certain
crops.
-1. ":=$ E /AF>$ Go&. (uey Fong?s. #>hare Gur Wealth% program could best be described as
socialism.
-3. /ather !harles !oughlin was considered a demagogue because he: A. opposed /D:?s
programs. B. gained power by appealing to people?s pre7udices and fears. !. gained power by
using reason. D. appealed to the wealthy.
-5. =nemployed teachers. artists. writers. and actors found wor with the: A. AAA. B. A0:A.
!. "CA. D. W<A.
-6. Which of the following aspects of the Aew Deal would be opposed by right;wing
conser&ati&es? A. direct federal relief. B. increased go&ernment regulation of business.
!. deficit spending. D. all the abo&e.
-8. "he federal organi4ation that was created during the Great Depression and still insures your
ban deposits is called the: A. >.$.!. B. A.A.A. !. >ocial >ecurity Act. D. W.<.A. $.
/.D.0.!.
-). Which of the following can be said of the Aew Deal? A. it was !ommunist;inspired. B. 0t
greatly changed the role of go&ernment in the American peoples? li&es. !. it was a total failure.
D. All of the abo&e.
1*. A direct legacy of the Aew Deal was: A. the e@pansion of the federal go&ernment into
almost all aspects of people?s li&es. B. a decrease in people?s confidence in the nation?s political
systems. !. the elimination of po&erty in the =nited >tates. D. the end of the Depression.
11. "he main goal of the Aew Deal was: A. to preser&e rugged indi&idualism. B. create
socialism in America. !. relief. reco&ery. reform. D. bring bac laisse4; faire capitalism.
1'. A liberal belie&es: A. go&ernment should sta out of businesses way. B. welfare ruins
peoples? moral character. !. the go&ernment is responsible for the peoples? well;being. D. all of
the abo&e.
1-. A techni9ue used by :oose&elt where the go&ernment would spend a little money in order to
get money circulating throughout the economy was called: A. deficit spending. B. pump
priming. !. circulation spending. D. laisse4 faire.
11. :oose&elt was elected how many times as president? A. '. B. -. !. 1. D. 3.
A! "rain trust #! $undred das %! #&ue Ea'&e D! (ireside c$ats
E! unemp&oment compensation
13. During the HHHHHHHHHH. :oose&elt sent many important bills to !ongress.
15. "he Aational :eco&ery Administration used the HHHHHHH as its symbol.
16. :oose&elt?s HHHHHHHHH included economists. lawyers. and other e@perts.
18. Gne feature of the >ocial >ecurity Act was to pro&ide HHHHHHHHHHH to help worers who lose
their 7obs.
1). During his HHHHH. :oose&elt e@plained his policies to the American people.
3*. /D:?s #!ourt <acing% plan: A. was his attempt to raise the number of >upreme !ourt
7udges to 13. B. was concei&ed because the >upreme !ourt was ruling his programs as
unconstitutional. !. was e@tremely unpopular. D. ne&er was appro&ed. $. all the abo&e.
31. (uey Fong A. 20 was nicnamed the :adio <riest and
blamed the Depression on the Iewish baners.2
3'. !harles !oughlin B. 20 was nicnamed the Jingfish and wanted
to mae e&ery man a ing.2
3-. /rances <erins !. #0 became the first e&er female cabinet
officer.
31. (erbert (oo&er D. #As a conser&ati&e. 0 felt the Aew Deal
was ruining the American free enterprise
system.%
33. 0n >chechter &. the =nited >tates. the >upreme !ourt ruled: A. the Wors <ro7ects
Administration must raise their wages. B. /D: should be impeached. !. the federal go&ernment
did not ha&e the power to regulate intrastate commerce. D. all the abo&e.
35. "he Wagner Act: A. ga&e farmers subsides not to grow crops. B. guaranteed worers the
right to form labor unions. !. was ruled unconstitutional by the >upreme !ourt. D. none of the
abo&e.
/G: $A!( G/ "($ /GFFGW0AG K=G"$> <0!J TWO F$""$:> "(A" B$>"
D$>!:0B$ "($ <$:>GA "(A" 0> ><$AJ0AG.
36. #"he Aew Deal is 7ust commie plot to o&erthrow the => go&ernmentL Why if we had it my
way. we could string up :oose&elt and the rest of his commie buddies and go bac to good old
American &alues. 0f you don?t wor. star&eL%
A. :adical B. $@treme :ight !. Fiberal D. Moderate
38. #:e&olution is the only answer to the Great DepressionL "he worers must unite and throw
off the chains of the greedy capitalist. "he go&ernment should control all means of production
and distribution of goods and ser&ices.%
A. $@treme :ight B. Moderate !. :adical D. $@treme Feft
3). #"he direct relief created by /D: is going to ruin our country. We must go bac to the
rugged indi&idualism of the past. 0f the people are too la4y to wor. they shouldn?t get paid.%
A. :adical B. !onser&ati&e !. :ight Wing D. Fiberal
5*. #"he way 0 see the :epublicans are sometimes right and so are the Democrats. 0 7ust don?t
thin we should panic and allow the radicals of both parties to tae control. We should react
slowly and cautiously about this depression and try a little of this and a little of that.%
A. Feft Wing B. Moderate !. $@tremist D. !enter
51. #0 can?t imagine anything worse than all this go&ernment regulation of the economy. Don?t
let people now that businesses run best when they?re left to themsel&es. "he go&ernment should
7ust run the country and lea&e the economy alone.%
A. :ight Wing B. :adical !. !onser&ati&e D. Moderate
5'. #"he go&ernment should tae control of the bans and other ma7or industries to see that they
are operated in a manner that benefits all. >ocialism is the answer.%
A. :ight Wing B. Feft Wing !. Moderate D. $@treme Fiberal
5-. "he Aew Deal was e@actly what this country needed at the time. 0n a modern industrial nation
the go&ernment must create a safety net for its citi4ens when economic factors beyond their
control cause massi&e hardship.
A. Feft Wing B. :adical !. :eactionary D. Fiberal
.
51. True ) *a&se "he Aew Deal can be described as a complete failure.
53. True ) *a&se /D: was the only president to be elected for three terms. #e care(u&++++++
55. True ) *a&se Gne result of the Aew Deal that is still e&ident today is the acti&e role the
federal go&ernment plays in the => economy.
56. True ) *a&se What really ended the Great Depression was the => entrance into WW00.
58. "From each according to his ability and to each according to his need" is
the motto of:
Capitalism
Christianity
Communism
The "Share Our Wealth" plan
5). What groups of people did the Social Security Act cover?
The disabled orphans and sic! children
The elderly and the unemployed
"others and babies and the blind
All of the above
6*. #o$ $ere SSA benefits for the elderly to be funded?
From ta%es on $or!ers and employers $hich $ere put into a trust fund
From ta%es on the $ealthy
From the general federal budget
From payroll ta%es on lo$er and middle incomes
61. ":=$ E /AF>$ 0t is a concern that the >ocial >ecurity >ystem might go banrupt by
the middle of the century.
6'.Which is true about >ocial >ecurity? A. 0t was created by a law called /0!A. B. 0t
was established in 1)-3. !. 0t taes 5.-D out of e&ery chec a worer recei&es. D. all the
abo&e.
6-.":=$ E /AF>$ A child whose parent dies may recei&e >ocial >ecurity benefits until
they turn 18.
61.":=$ E /AF>$ "o wor in the =nited >tates legally. a => citi4en must ha&e a >ocial
>ecurity card.
63. >ocial >ecurity could best be described as: A. communist inspired.
B. rugged indi&idualism. !. a safety net. D. welfare.