Project Website PHP - Part 2

Project Website
PHP – Part 2
PICTURE
Project Website
What is this lecture about?
● Passwords
● PHP Repetition
● PHP Syntax
– Scope of variables
● Organization issues, mid term exam, …
Project Website
Passwords
● Set up of
– DB
– Samba share (again)
● Please write your
– ID +Name +
– a secret password (max. 8 characters)
on a sheet of paper and give it to me
Project Website
PHP Website – How does it work?
1 Your computer Web Host

Request Request 3
6
2
Internet PHP
Webserver
7 Interpreter
8
Response Response
4 5
HD
1. Enter page address into the web browser, e.g. www.domain.com/page.php

2. Browser sends request for page.php to the webserver
3. Webserver takes request and looks for the specified file
4. Webserver reads the file from the hard drive
5. The webserver detects a php file and invokes the PHP interpreter
6. PHP interpreter executes the code and returns the result to the webserver
7. Webserver returns the result as a HTML file to your browser
8. The browser displays the HTML
Project Website
PHP Hello World in HTML
Filename: index.php
Save this file and and copy it to
any PHP enabled webserver
<html>
<head>
<title>PHP Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
echo 'Hello World';
?>
</body>
</html>
Project Website
PHP Hello World
Filename: index.php If you access this file from a web

Save this file and and copy it to browser the source-code will look
any PHP enabled webserver like this:
<html> <html>
<head> <head>
<title>PHP Test</title> <title>PHP Test</title>
</head> </head>
<body> <body>
<?php Hello World
echo 'Hello World'; </body>
?> </html>
</body>
</html>
Project Website
PHP Syntax – Functions
Example: simple function If you access this file from a web

browser the source-code will look
<html> like this:

<body> <html>
<?php <body>
function writeMyName() { Marc Scheib
echo "Marc Scheib"; </body>
} </html>
writeMyName();
?>
</body>
</html>
Project Website
If you access this file

Example:
from a web browser the
function with one parameter
source-code will look
<html> like this:
<body>
<?php <html>
function writeMyName($fname) <body>
{ Marc Scheib
</body>
echo $fname; </html>
}
writeMyName("Marc Scheib");
?>
</body>
</html>
Project Website

Example:
Function with return value
<html> like this:
<body>
<?php <html>
function add($x,$y) <body>
{ 1 + 16 = 17
</body>
$total = $x + $y; </html>
return $total;
}
echo "1 + 16 = " . add(1,16);
?>
</body>
</html>
Project Website
Scope of Variables
● Variables can be defined anywhere in

your PHP program code
● Scope of variables = where can you
access these variables
● By default variables in PHP have a local
scope
● They can only be accessed in the code
block where they were defined
Project Website
Scope of Variables

Example:
Function with local variables
<html> like this:
<body>
<?php <html>
$a = 99;
<body>
testVariable();
function testVariable() {
$a is 1
$a = $a + 1; </body>
echo '$a is ' . $a; </html>
}
?>
</body>
</html>
Project Website
Scope of Variables

Example:
Function with local variables
<html> like this:
<body>
<?php <html>
$a = 99;
<body>
testVariable();
$a is 99
$a = $a + 1; </body>
} </html>
echo '$a is ' . $a;
?>
</body>
</html>
Project Website
Local Scope of Variables
● The variable $a defined outside the

function testVariable()
● $a has local scope and cannot be
accessed inside the function
testVariable()
Project Website
Scope of Variables

Example:
Function with global variables
<html> like this:
<body>
<?php <html>
$a = 99;
<body>
testVariable();
$a is 100
global $a; </body>
$a = $a + 1; </html>
echo '$a is ' . $a;
}
?>
</body>
</html>
Project Website
Global Scope of Variables
● The keyword global makes variables also

accessible inside of functions
● Advantage:
– Easy access to all variables defined
anywhere
● Drawback:
– May produce some confusion and is
likely to produce errors
Project Website
Scope of Variables

Example:
Function with $GLOBALS Array
<html> like this:
<body>
<?php <html>
$a = 99;
<body>
testVariable();
$a is 100
$GLOBALS['a'] = $GLOBALS['a'] + 1; </body>
} </html>
echo '$a is ' . $a;
?>
</body>
</html>
Project Website
$GLOBALS Array
● The $GLOBALS array is an associative

array
● The name of the global variable is the
key ('a')
● The content of that variable is the value
of the array element (99)
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Superglobals
● $GLOBALS is a so called superglobal

● superglobals can be accessed in any
scope
● superglobals exist since PHP version
4.1.0
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Superglobals

Example:
Superglobals
source-code may look
<?php like this:
echo $_SERVER['SERVER_ADDR'];
echo " "; 127.0.0.1
echo $_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE'];
echo " "; Apache/1.3.41
echo $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']; PHP/5.2.4
echo " ";
echo $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']; HTTP/1.1
echo " "; GET
echo $_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME'];
echo " "; 1211834156
echo $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'];
?> /Library/WebServer/Doc
uments
Project Website
PHP
● Anything from todays content you might

want to discuss?
● Exercise:
– Enhancing your CV with “include”
Project Website
That's all
Thanks for attention!
Project Website

Project Website PHP - Part 2

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Project Website

1 Your computer Web Host

1. Enter page address into the web browser, e.g. www.domain.com/page.php

Filename: index.php If you access this file from a web

Example: simple function If you access this file from a web

<html> like this:

If you access this file

If you access this file

● Variables can be defined anywhere in

If you access this file

If you access this file

● The variable $a defined outside the

If you access this file

● The keyword global makes variables also

If you access this file

● The $GLOBALS array is an associative

● $GLOBALS is a so called superglobal

If you access this file

● Anything from todays content you might

Thanks for attention!

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