Chapter 1, Solution 1

(a) q = 6.482x1017 x [-1.602x10-19 C] = -0.10384 C

(b) q = 1. 24x1018 x [-1.602x10-19 C] = -0.19865 C

(c) q = 2.46x1019 x [-1.602x10-19 C] = -3.941 C

(d) q = 1.628x1020 x [-1.602x10-19 C] = -26.08 C

Chapter 1, Solution 2

(a) i = dq/dt = 3 mA
(b) i = dq/dt = (16t + 4) A
(c) i = dq/dt = (-3e-t + 10e-2t) nA
(d) i=dq/dt = 1200π cos 120π t pA
(e) i =dq/dt = − e −4t (80 cos 50 t + 1000 sin 50 t ) µ A

Chapter 1, Solution 3

(a) q(t) = ∫ i(t)dt + q(0) = (3t + 1) C

(b) q(t) = ∫ (2t + s) dt + q(v) = (t 2 + 5t) mC

(c) q(t) = ∫ 20 cos (10t + π / 6 ) + q(0) = (2sin(10t + π / 6) + 1) µ C

10e -30t
q(t) = ∫ 10e -30t sin 40t + q(0) = ( −30 sin 40t - 40 cos t)
(d) 900 + 1600
= − e - 30t (0.16cos40 t + 0.12 sin 40t) C

Chapter 1, Solution 4

10
−5
q = ∫ idt = ∫ 5sin 6 π t dt = cos 6π t
6π 0

5
= (1 − cos 0.06π ) = 4.698 mC
6π
Chapter 1, Solution 5

2
1
q = ∫ idt = ∫ e dt mC = - e -2t
-2t

2 0

1
= (1 − e 4 ) mC = 490 µC
2

Chapter 1, Solution 6

dq 80
(a) At t = 1ms, i = = = 40 mA
dt 2

dq
(b) At t = 6ms, i = = 0 mA
dt

dq 80
(c) At t = 10ms, i = = = - 20 mA
dt 4

Chapter 1, Solution 7

25A, 0<t<2
dq 
i= = - 25A, 2<t<6
dt 
 25A, 6<t<8

which is sketched below:

Chapter 1, Solution 8

10 × 1
q = ∫ idt = + 10 × 1 = 15 µC
2

Chapter 1, Solution 9

1
(a) q = ∫ idt = ∫ 10 dt = 10 C
0

3  5 ×1
q = ∫ idt = 10 × 1 + 10 −  + 5 ×1
(b) 0
 2 
= 15 + 10 − 25 = 22.5 C

5
(c) q = ∫ idt = 10 + 10 + 10 = 30 C
0

Chapter 1, Solution 10

q = ixt = 8 x10 3 x15 x10 − 6 = 120 µ C

Chapter 1, Solution 11

q = it = 85 x10-3 x 12 x 60 x 60 = 3,672 C

E = pt = ivt = qv = 3672 x1.2 = 4406.4 J

Chapter 1, Solution 12

For 0 < t < 6s, assuming q(0) = 0,

t t

∫ ∫
q (t ) = idt + q (0 ) = 3tdt + 0 = 1.5t 2
0 0
At t=6, q(6) = 1.5(6)2 = 54
For 6 < t < 10s,
 t t

∫ ∫
q (t ) = idt + q (6 ) = 18 dt + 54 = 18 t − 54
6 6
At t=10, q(10) = 180 – 54 = 126
For 10<t<15s,
t t

∫ ∫
q (t ) = idt + q (10 ) = ( −12)dt + 126 = −12t + 246
10 10

At t=15, q(15) = -12x15 + 246 = 66

For 15<t<20s,
t

∫
q (t ) = 0 dt + q (15) =66
15
Thus,

 1.5t 2 C, 0 < t < 6s


 18 t − 54 C, 6 < t < 10s
q (t ) = 
−12t + 246 C, 10 < t < 15s
 66 C, 15 < t < 20s


The plot of the charge is shown below.

140

120

100

80
q(t)

60

40

20

0
0 5 10 15 20
t
Chapter 1, Solution 13

2 2
w = ∫ vidt = ∫ 1200 cos 2 4 t dt
0 0
2
= 1200 ∫ ( 2 cos 8t - 1)dt (since, cos 2 x = 2 cos 2x - 1)
0
2
2  1 
= 1200 sin 8t − t  = 1200 sin 16 − 2 
8 0 4 
= - 2.486 kJ

Chapter 1, Solution 14

q = ∫ idt = ∫ 10(1 - e -0.5t )dt = 10(t + 2e -0.5t )

1 1

(a) 0 0

= 10(1 + 2e -0.5
− 2 ) = 2.131 C

(b) p(t) = v(t)i(t)

p(1) = 5cos2 ⋅ 10(1- e-0.5) = (-2.081)(3.935)
= -8.188 W

Chapter 1, Solution 15

2
2 − 3 2t
q = ∫ idt = ∫ 3e dt =-2t
e
(a) 0 2 0

= −1.5(e − 1) = 1.297 C
-2

5di
v= = −6e 2t ( 5) = −30e -2t
(b) dt
p = vi = − 90 e − 4 t W

3
3 − 90 -4t
(c) w = ∫ pdt = -90∫ e -4t dt = e = − 22.5 J
0 −4 0
Chapter 1, Solution 16

  10t V 0< t <1

 25t mA 0<t<2 
i(t) =  , v(t) = 10 V 1< t < 3
100 - 25t mA 2 < t < 4 
 40 - 10t V 3 < t < 4
1 2 3 4
w = ∫ v(t)i(t)dt = ∫ 10 + (25t)dt + ∫ 10( 25t)dt + ∫ 10(100 − 25t)dt + ∫ ( 40 − 10t)(100 - 25t)mJ
0 1 2 3
1 2 3
250 3 250  t2  4
= t + + 250 4 t -  + ∫ 250( 4 − t) 2 dt
3 0 2 1  2 2 3
4
250 250  9   t2 
= + ( 3) + 25012 − − 8 + 2  + 25016 t - 4t + 
2

3 2  2   3 3
= 916.7 mJ

Chapter 1, Solution 17

Σ p = 0 → -205 + 60 + 45 + 30 + p3 = 0

p3 = 205 – 135 = 70 W

Thus element 3 receives 70 W.

Chapter 1, Solution 18

p1 = 30(-10) = -300 W
p2 = 10(10) = 100 W
p3 = 20(14) = 280 W
p4 = 8(-4) = -32 W
p5 = 12(-4) = -48 W

Chapter 1, Solution 19

∑p=0 
→ −4 I s − 2 x6 − 13 x 2 + 5 x10 = 0 
→ Is = 3 A
Chapter 1, Solution 20

Since Σ p = 0

-30×6 + 6×12 + 3V0 + 28 + 28×2 - 3×10 = 0

72 + 84 + 3V0 = 210 or 3V0 = 54

V0 = 18 V

Chapter 1, Solution 21

∆q  photon  1  electron 
i= = 4 × 1011   ⋅   ⋅ 1. 6 × 1019 ( C / electron)
∆t  sec  8  photon 
4
= × 1011 × 1. 6 × 10 −19 C/s = 0.8 × 10 -8 C/s = 8 nA
8

Chapter 1, Solution 22

It should be noted that these are only typical answers.

(a) Light bulb 60 W, 100 W

(b) Radio set 4W
(c) TV set 110 W
(d) Refrigerator 700 W
(e) PC 120 W
(f) PC printer 18 W
(g) Microwave oven 1000 W
(h) Blender 350 W

Chapter 1, Solution 23

p 1500
(a) i = = = 12.5 W
v 120
45
(b) w = pt = 1. 5 × 103 × 45 × 60 ⋅ J = 1.5 × kWh = 1.125 kWh
60
(c) Cost = 1.125 × 10 = 11.25 cents
Chapter 1, Solution 24

p = vi = 110 x 8 = 880 W

Chapter 1, Solution 25

4
Cost = 1.2 kW × hr × 30 × 9 cents/kWh = 21.6 cents
6

Chapter 1, Solution 26

0. 8A ⋅ h
(a) i = = 80 mA
10h
(b) p = vi = 6 × 0.08 = 0.48 W
(c) w = pt = 0.48 × 10 Wh = 0.0048 kWh

Chapter 1, Solution 27

(a) Let T = 4h = 4 × 36005

T
q = ∫ idt = ∫ 3dt = 3T = 3 × 4 × 3600 = 43.2 kC
0

T T  0 . 5t 
( b) W = ∫ pdt = ∫ vidt = ∫ ( 3) 10 + dt
0 0
 3600 
4×3600
 0. 25t 2 
= 310t +  = 3[40 × 3600 + 0. 25 × 16 × 3600]
 3600  0
= 475.2 kJ

( c) W = 475.2 kWs, (J = Ws)

475.2
Cost = kWh × 9 cent = 1.188 cents
3600
Chapter 1, Solution 28

P 30
(a) i = = = 0.25 A
V 120

( b) W = pt = 30 × 365 × 24 Wh = 262.8 kWh

Cost = $0.12 × 262.8 = $31.54

Chapter 1, Solution 29

(20 + 40 + 15 + 45)  30 
w = pt = 1. 2kW hr + 1.8 kW  hr
60  60 
= 2.4 + 0.9 = 3.3 kWh
Cost = 12 cents × 3.3 = 39.6 cents

Chapter 1, Solution 30

Energy = (52.75 – 5.23)/0.11 = 432 kWh

Chapter 1, Solution 31

Total energy consumed = 365(4 +8) W

Cost = $0.12 x 365 x 12 = $526.60

Chapter 1, Solution 32

(20 + 40 + 15 + 45)  30 
w = pt = 1. 2kW hr + 1.8 kW  hr
60  60 
= 2.4 + 0.9 = 3.3 kWh
Cost = 12 cents × 3.3 = 39.6 cents
Chapter 1, Solution 33

dq
i= → q = ∫ idt = 2000 × 3 × 10 3 = 6 C
dt

Chapter 1, Solution 34

(b) Energy = ∑ pt = 200 x 6 + 800 x 2 + 200 x 10 + 1200 x 4 + 200 x 2

= 10,000 kWh

(c) Average power = 10,000/24 = 416.67 W

Chapter 1, Solution 35

( a) W = ∫ p( t ) dt = 400 × 6 + 1000 × 2 + 200 × 12 × 1200 × 2 + 400 × 2

= 7200 + 2800 = 10.4 kWh

10.4 kW
( b) = 433.3 W/h
24 h

Chapter 1, Solution 36

160A ⋅ h
(a) i= =4A
40
160Ah 160, 000h
( b) t = = = 6,667 days
0.001A 24h / day

Chapter 1, Solution 37

q = 5 × 10 20 (− 1. 602 × 10 −19 ) = −80. 1 C

W = qv = −80. 1 × 12 = − 901.2 J
Chapter 1, Solution 38

P = 10 hp = 7460 W

W = pt = 7460 × 30 × 60 J = 13.43 × 106 J

Chapter 1, Solution 39

p 2 × 10 3
p = vi → i = = = 16.667 A
v 120