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Name: Abdeslam Elhachdani
Professor: Jerome McKeever
English: 1020
11 July 2014
ord !oun": 1#$02
Muhammad: %he Pro&he" of 'slam(
'slam s"ar"ed in Mecca )*es"ern Arabia+( '" has five &illars *hich are shahada
)s"a"e of fai"h+# sala" )&rayer+# ,a-a" )chari"y+# soum )fas"ing+# and ha.. )&ilgrimage+( '"
&rac"iced by millions of Muslims around "he *orld( 'n 'slam "here is no difference
be"*een "he blac-# *hi"e# "he Arab# "he non/Arab e0ce&" by "he level of &ie"y(
Muhammad is "he Pro&he" *ho received "he message of 'slam "o invi"e "he &eo&le "o
re"urn "o *ays of earlier Pro&he"s( 'slam has been his *ay of life1 during his childhood#
"*en"ies# for"ies# un"il his dea"h(
Muhammad "he Pro&he" of 'slam *as born in "he "o*n of Mecca )Ma--ah+ 12#
Augus" $20 af"er "he bir"h of Jesus )!E+( 3is name derives from "he Arabic verb 3amada
*hich means "o &raise# "o glorify( 3is mo"her *as Amina "he daugh"er of *ahb( 3is
fa"her# Abdullah# *as "he son of Abd/Al/Mu""aleb( 3e died several *ee-s before
Muhammad4s bir"h in Medina *here he *en" "o visi" his ma"ernal rela"ives( 3is mo"her
*an"ed "o -ee& her Meccan "radi"ions# she found him a *oman named 3alima "o loo-
af"er him and "o nurse him( 5he *as from "he nomadic "ribe of "he 5aad 'bn 6a-r( 5he
"oo- care of him for several years in "he deser" of *es"ern Arabia( %ime "o "ime 3alima
brough" him bac- "o visi" his mo"her several "ime( hen Muhammad became a younger#
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3alima brough" him bac- home "o visi" his mo"her# Amina( A" "ha" "ime Muhammad *as
five or si0 years old( 3is mo"her and "he *ai" nurse 3alima "oo- him "o visi" his ma"ernal
family in Madina# and "o visi" his fa"her4s grave a fe* hundred miles nor"h of Mecca(
7uring "heir re"urn bac- home1 "he mo"her died a sudden dea"h( 3alima "he fos"er care
mo"her re"urned "o Mecca *i"h "he or&haned boy( 5he &laced him under "he &ro"ec"ion of
his grand/fa"her1 soon he los" his grandfa"her "oo( A" "he age of eigh" his &a"ernal uncle#
Abu %alib "oo- care of him for many years( Muhammad has disru&"ed childhood( As "he
8uran says: 97id :od no" find you an or&han and give shel"er and care; And 3e found
you *andering# and gave you guidance( And he found you in need# and made you
inde&enden"< )5ura Ad/7huha( !ha&"er => of Al/8uran+(
As a young boy Muhammad *as *or-ing as she&herd( 'n some occasion *hen he
*as "eenager he "raveled *i"h his uncle# Abu %alib# *ho *as a merchan" in Mecca "o
5yria and o"her &laces( %he hones" *ay *hich Muhammad *as dealing *i"h "he older
merchan"s# ma-es him gains "heir "rus"( %hey recogni,ed him as a very good# "rus"*or"hy
hones" &erson( %hey s"ar"ed calling him El/Amin )"rus"*or"hy+(
hen Muhammad *as in his early "*en"ies# he *as "o"ally differen" from "he
&eo&le *hom he &assed his you"h *i"h( 3e never "old a lie( 3e never "ouched alcohol and
never involved himself in gambling( 3e had a charming &ersonali"y( 3e never engaged
himself in any -ind of dishones" "rade and commerce1 he al*ays follo*ed "he &rinci&al of
.us"ice and fairness( 3e had become *ell -no*n in "he ci"y of Mecca for "he in"egri"y of
his charac"er and hones"y in dealing *i"h everybody even his enemies(
6y "he "ime Muhammad *as "*en"y five1 a *eal"hy "rades*oman# Khadi.a# as-ed
him "o carry her goods "o "he nor"h )5yria+ for sale( 3is uncle Abu/%alib urged him "o do
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so1 meaning "o *or- *i"h "he caravan *hich belonged "o her( 3e acce&"ed "he deal(
Muhammad &erformed his du"y *i"h hones"y and he re"urned *i"h huge &rofi"s( 5he *as
im&ressed by Muhammad4s hones"y and nobili"y( Khadi.a even"ually &ro&osed him her
hand in marriage "hrough a rela"ive( 3e acce&"ed "o marry her( %he year of marriage *as
abou" $=$ !E( A" "ha" "ime she *as abou" for"y years old( 3e con"inued "o manage her
business( %hey *ere "he mos" successful and ha&&ies" cou&le( Khadi.a and Muhammad
*ere "he &aren" of si0 children "*o sons and four daugh"ers( %he "*o sons *ere 8asim
died a" "he age of "*o and Abdulah died in infancy( %he four daugh"ers *ere ?ainab#
@uAayyah# Bmm Kul"hum# and Ca"ima(
A" "he age of for"y "he &ro&he" Muhammad received "he firs" revela"ion from "he
Archangel Jibril ):abriel+ in cave of Moun" 3ira )"he &lace *here he al*ays *en" during
"he mon"h of @amadan )Cas"ing mon"h+ for medi"a"ion+( %he verses of "his revela"ion
*ere 9@eci"e in "he name of your Dord *ho crea"edE 3e crea"ed man from "ha" *hich
clings( @eci"e1 and "hy Dord is mos" 6oun"iful# 3e *ho has "augh" by "he &en# "augh" man
*ha" he -ne* no"(< )5ura Al/AlaA( !ha&"er =F( Al/8uran+( %he firs" revela"ion *as in "he
year F10 !E( A" "ha" "ime Muhammad *as "errified by "his e0&erience( 3e lef" "he cave
very Auic-ly( hen he go" home he as-ed his *ife Khadi.a "o cover him1 *hile she *as
covering him *i"h "he blan-e"# he "old her *ha" had ha&&ened "o him( Khadi.a *as "he
firs" &erson "o acce&" 'slam and she acce&" "he revela"ion as "he "ru"h from Allah ):od+(
%hrough ou" Muhammad4s mission "he angel :abriel visi"ed him "o informed# "augh"# and
hel&ed him in com&le"ing his &ro&he"ic mission( 7uring "his mission "he &ro&he" and a
fe* of his follo*ers face a huge difficul"ies s"ar"ing from &ersecu"ion# "or"ure G ending
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by "he day "he leaders of 8uraish )"ribes lived in Mecca+# *an"ed "o -ill "he &ro&he"( %ha"
day he lef" Mecca "o*ard Madina *hich *as "he day of migra"ion )3i.ra in Arabic+(
'n F20 !E his uncle Abu %alib and his beloved *ife Khadi.a died( 3e name "his
year by "he year of sadness( %hey had been married for "*en"y/five years( Khadi.a *as so
far his only *ife1 even "hough "he social norm a" "ha" "ime "o have more "han one
)&olygamy+(
Muhammad received "he las" revela"ion from Allah "hrough Archangel Jibril
during his firs" and las" 3a.. )Pilgrimage+ in "he year F>2 !E( A" "ha" "ime "he *hole
Arabia had become "he land of 'slam( 3e delivered a sermon "o all "he ga"hering )men#
*omen and children+( 3e *as sea"ing on his camel# he s&o-e *i"h a clear "one and as-ed
*ho heard his s&eech "o convey i" "o "hose *ho no" &resen" "here( 3e said: 9H &eo&le lend
me and a""en"ive ear# for ' -no* no" *he"her# af"er "his year# ' shall ever be amongs" you
again( %herefore lis"en "o *ha" ' am saying "o you very carefully and "a-e "hese *ords "o
"hose *ho could no" be &resen" here "odayG< )Muhammad Abdul/Muhsin12+( Af"er he
re"urned from Mecca for Pilgrimage# he became very sic- and he died in "he same year a"
"he age of si0"y "hree years(
Muhammad "he &ro&he" of 'slam had a hear"/full of -indness and com&assion( 3e
al*ays fel" for or&hans# needy &eo&le# and *ido*s( 3e hel&ed "hem( 3e didn4" cause
harm "o nobody# ra"her he suffer hardshi& for "he sa-e of o"hers( 3e *as a lover of &eace
"ha" his hear" mel"ed for his "ribes *hen "hey *ere -illing each o"her( 3e visi"ed "he sic-
Muslims or non/Muslims( 3e acce&"ed "he invi"a"ion of a slave "o ea" dinner *i"h "hem(
3e mended his clo"hes1 mil-ed "he goa"s# and *ai"ed u& on him/self( 3e *as e0"remely
sim&le in his ea"ing# drin-ing# his dress and his furni"ure# even *hen he had reached "he
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&o*er over Arabia( %he &ro&he" regarded himself as a human being li-e any o"her( 3e fel"
"ha" he needed "he divine re*ard li-e "he res" of humani"y and had "o earn i" .us" as o"hers
did( 3e *as free of all feeling of &ride and had no su&eriori"y com&le0 *ha"soever( 3e
regarded himself as :od4s servan"# and no"hing more(
%he &ro&he" considered everyone as a human being and everyone a&&eared "o him
*or"hy of res&ec"# "o *ha"ever na"ion or communi"y a he or she migh" belong( 3a"red *as
"o"ally agains" his na"ure( Hne of "he &ro&he" is saying 9All :od4s crea"ures are his
family1 and he is "he mos" beloved of :od *ho doe"h good "o :od and 3is crea"ures(<
)Aisha $2+( 3e never fough" for himself# bu" *hen somebody crosses "he border of :od1
he *ill figh" for i" *i"hou" any fear or hesi"a"ion(
'n conclusion# "he Pro&he" Muhammad "he las" messenger of Allah had a hear" full
of love for humani"y( 3e never did some"hing bad "o anyone of his com&anions or his
enemies( 'slam *as his *ay of life( 3e &rac"iced i" no" &resen"ing i" "heore"ically(
:ro*ing u& as an or&han# he learned ho* "o care for needy &eo&le# or&hans# and *ido*s(
3e is "he bes" e0am&le for his follo*ers(
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or- ci"ed
7r(A(?hoorand7r(?(3aA(96iogra&hy of Pro&he" Muhammad(<)!o&yrigh": 1==0# 1==2#
1==I+( n(d( *eb( 2I June(2014(
9Muhammad: Degacy of Pro&he"( %he life of Muhammad: 3%MD "ime lineJ P65 (n(d(
eb( 2IJune( 2014(
Muhammad Abdul/Muhsin( Al %u*ai.i( 9Pro&he" Muhammad: A 6lessing for Man-ind(<(
'n"erna"ional 'slamic Publishing 3ouse)'('(P(3+()1==I+: =/21( Prin"(
6egum# Aisha( 6e*any *a-f( 9'slam: An 'n"roduc"ion(< 'dara"ul 8uran( Karachi(
)Pa-is"an+(1==>: 4F/F2( Prin"(