A H M 531

The Civil Engineering Center

Objectives:

Measuring the hardness of coarse aggregate, i.e. the resistance
of wear using Los Angeles method to determine the Los Angeles
Abrasion Value (L.A.A.V)


Standards:

ASTM C 131 - 69

ASTM C 535 69

AASHO T 96


General Discussion:

Los Angeles abrasion test studies all possible reasons causing wear. In
the L.A. abrasion machine Attrition, Abrasion, and crushing are all
present as follows:
Attrition: By the friction between the aggregate particles.

Abrasion: By the friction between the steel balls and the
aggregates.

Crushing: By hitting the walls of the testing machine.

Los Angeles abrasion test is suitable for coarse aggregate of different
sizes and it is not used for fine aggregate.

Los Angeles Abrasion Value (L.A.A.V.): Is obtained from this test and it
measures the wear of the material due to abrasion and attrition.

L.A.A.V. = Original mass - retained mass (at sieve # 12) \
Original mass x 100%

This value differs one grading to another, so there was specifications
that specifies the samples grading with there masses and the charge of
balls needed. We used grading B, our choice was based on that this
grading is the most common. Grading B consists of two different sizes
of aggregate, the first one passes through sieve 19 mm and retained at
A H M 531 Los Angeles Abrasion test By: Ahmed Essam Mansour
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A H M 531
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sieve 12.5 mm, the second size passes through the 12.5 mm sieve and is
retained at 9.5 mm sieve.
According to the specification the total weight of the aggregate that
should be used in the test is 5000 10 gm. For grading B it was
specified that 11 steel balls shall be placed in the machine with the
aggregates.

According to the specifications if L.A.A.V. is less than 30% then this
aggregate is suitable for all mixture, and if it is more than 50% this
aggregate is unusable in any mixture.




Apparatus and Materials:

1. Los Angeles Machine:
It consists from:
A steel drum, 28 inches in diameter and 20 inches in
length. This drum rotates with its axis set horizontally at a
speed of approximately 33 r.p.m.

A door closed by bolts and nuts, and an internal steel
shelf that extend along the steel drum and it guarantees
that the balls and aggregate will hit and so abrasion and
attrition are done.

Automatic counter switch, the number of wanted
revolutions is set at the beginning of the test so that the
machine will stop automatically when revolving the set
number of revolutions.

2. Steel balls.

3. Weighing machine.

4. Sieves (19 mm, 12.5 mm and 9.5 mm).








A H M 531 Los Angeles Abrasion test By: Ahmed Essam Mansour
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The Civil Engineering Center



Procedures:

1. Getting specimen of grade B:
Each group prepared one of the two sizes in the grading,
The first group sieved the aggregate through 19mm
sieve and 12.5 mm sieve, the aggregates passing
through 19 mm sieve and retained at 12.5 mm sieve were
take by an amount that equals 2500 gm.

The second group sieved the aggregate through 12.5mm
and 9.5mm sieve, the aggregates passing through
12.5mm sieve and retained at 9.5mm sieve were taken by
an amount that equals 2500 gm.

So the total weight of the specimen equals to 5000gm as
the standard specifications.


2. We placed the specimen in the machines drum with 11 steel
balls.

3. We set the L.A. Machine to revolve 500 revolutions.

4. After it stopped the steel balls were taken first and then the
specimen is filled in a tray.

5. The specimen then is sieved at #12 (1.7mm), and the
retained aggregate is weighted. (W)

Conclusion:


The aggregate we used is suitable for all concrete mixtures as its
L.A.A.V < 30.
The L.A.A.V is direct proportional to the wear of aggregate.
A H M 531 Los Angeles Abrasion test By: Ahmed Essam Mansour
The Civil Engineering Center 3Visit www.AHM531.com for more lab reports and lecture notes!