Citizen M16

M3 Programming
5-5
5.1 NC Program Structure

A program consists of a program body and program data.
A program body is a list of machine operation commands in the sequence of machining processes. In
general, it is called a program.
Program data is a list of prerequisites for operating the program.
Program data is necessary for machine operation, and it is also useful as a means of operational
communication between operators.

Program

Program body ............... Specification of machine operation
commands

Machining data ............... Settings of requirement for machining

Tool set data .................................................... Compensation for errors of mounted tool
center, diameter, and longitudinal position

5.1.1 Program number (O number)

To distinguish between programs, a program number is assigned to each program (program body and
machining data). A program number can have up to eight digits. Note that you cannot use the numbers
8000 to 9999 because they are used with machine manufacturer's custom programs.

5.1.2 Explanation of machining data

Field Code Changed
Comment [y1]: M3procE1.bmp
M3 Programming
5-6
Bar Stock O.D.
Enter the dimension of the outer diameter of the material to be machined.

Tool Positioning Point (DIA)
Enter a clearance from the material outer diameter at the position to which a tool (T01 to T09) is
moved when it is selected. When another tool is selected, the currently selected tool is moved to this
position. In other words, a tool (T01 to T09) is moved to the tool positioning point when it is
selected, and the tool is moved to the tool positioning point when another tool is selected.

Cut-Off Tool
T01 is automatically entered.

Cut-Off Speed
The tip of a material is cut at the spindle speed in the Preparation mode.

Cut-Off Feed
The tip of a material is cut at the feed rate in the Preparation mode.

Cut-Off End (DIA)
The X axis is at the end position where cutting the tip of a material is completed in the Preparation
mode. The end position is also the start position on the X axis from which the program starts.

Machining Length
Enter the maximum move distance of the main spindle required for machining a workpiece.
a. Workpiece length + cut-off tool width or rear turning tool width
b. Workpiece length + tool shift amount for secondary machining
Enter the value a or b that is necessary for the program.

Pieces/1Chuck
Enter the number of product to be machined in the program.

Tubing Bar Stock I.D.
When a pipe material is to be machined, enter the dimension of the pipe inner diameter.
The entered value is used for cut-off machining in the Preparation mode. The tool moves to the
position defined by (pipe inner diameter a mm) at the cutting feed rate, and then it moves at the rapid
feed rate until reaching the specified cut-off end position.

M12 M16 M20 M32
a 3.0 3.0 4.0 4.0

Example: When the pipe inner diameter is 10.0 mm and the cut-off end position is X3.0:
The tool moves to the position X6.0 at the cutting feed rate, and then it moves at the rapid
feed rate until reaching the end position X3.0.

Back Spindle Chuck POS
Enter the value of workpiece protruding from the back spindle.

M3 Programming
5-7
Work Receiver No.
Enter the tool number of the turret tool post on which the workpiece separator is mounted.

Front Mach Holder Name
Enter the name of the gang tool holder mounted on the machine.

Back Drill Holder Name
Enter the name of the back drilling holder mounted on the machine.

Back Spindle
Enter the type of the back spindle mounted on the machine. Select either "Standard" or "With
Support".

For M1216 type V, the setting shown below is required.
CAUTION

When mounting the double cross spindle (MSC407) of turretholder for M1216 type V, MSC407
interferes with guide bushing if the turret X2 axis is operated at full stroke ( side). To avoid
interference, open the machining data screen and put a checkmark on the tool number to
which MSC407 is to be mounted. The checked tool number is selected and the stroke area is
changed. Be sure to provide this setting.

X2 stroke

(This screen shows the machine of type V of M1216 model.)

Normal 98.0
After changed 80.0

Comment [u2]: M3procE3
M3 Programming
5-8
5.2 Drive Axes and Multi-axis Control

5.2.1 Drive axes

Z3
Z1
Z2
X3
Y2
Y1
X1
X2

Axis
Type Type
Model III Model V
X1 Gang tool post Gang tool post
Z1 Headstock Headstock S1 = Main spindle
Y1 Gang tool post Gang tool post S2 = Back spindle
C1 Main spindle C axis Main spindle C axis S3 = Tool spindle of the gang tool post
X2 Turret Turret S4 = Tool spindle of the turret
Z2 Turret Turret S5 = Rotary guide bushing
Y2 Turret (S6 = Tool spindle of the back 3-spindle tool post)
C2 Back spindle C axis Back spindle C axis
X3 Back spindle Back spindle
Z3 Back spindle Back spindle

Notes

The above photograph shows M32.
Y2 axis is available for type V only.
Comment [y3]: M3B11_5_1.wmf
M3 Programming
5-9
5.2.2 Coordinate values and signs

The figure below shows the signs used for operation.
For the X1, X2, X3, Y1, and Y2 axes, specify a coordinate value with the diameter that is equivalent to
the distance from the center of the material. For the Z1, Z2, and Z3 axes, specify a coordinate value with
the distance.

a
c
b
Y1
X3
Z3
X1
Z1
Z2
X2
2
2
3
1
2
1
2
3 3
3
2
4
3
2
39
3
8
2
9
20
2
8
3 5
3
6
2
6
2 5
2
7
3
7
30
3 4
Y2

X
3

s
t
r
o
k
e

X
1

s
t
r
o
k
e

Z3 stroke
Z2 stroke
X
2

s
t
r
o
k
e

Z1 stroke with a rotary guide bushing
Z1 stroke with a stationary guide bushing
Comment [y4]: C082x2-1.wmf
M3 Programming
5-10
CAUTION

The gang tool post Y1 axis of the M31216/M32032 complies with diameter specification. If
you want to use machining programs for the M21216/M22032 when machining workpieces with
the M32032, change the Y1-axis setting complying with the diameter specification, and then
start running the machine. If you run the machine with the Y-axis setting complying with
radius specification for the M22032, the tool and workpiece may interfere with each other.

M12 M16 M20 M32
X1 stroke 59.0 59.0 96.0 96.0
Z1 stroke (Fixed guide bushing) 225.0 215.0 325.0 325.0
Z1 stroke (Rotary guide bushing) 205.0 205.0 325.0 325.0
Y1 stroke 208.0 208.0 275.0 275.0
X2 stroke 98.0 98.0
Type III:
135.0
Type III:
135.0
Type V:
120.0
Type V:
120.0
Z2 stroke 133.0 133.0 202.0 202.0
Y2 stroke 33.0 35.0 45.0 45.0
X3 stroke 195.0 195.0 235.0 235.0
Z3 stroke 280.0 280.0 410.0 410.0
a 78.0 88.0 135.0 135.0
b 98.0 98.0 135.0 135.0
c 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0

Note


M3 Programming
5-11
5.2.3 Coordinate values and signs for secondary machining

The same concept as for turning applies to coordinate values and signs for secondary machining. Be
sure to specify an X coordinate value with the diameter. As for signs, specify X coordinates as X on
the side on which the tool exists, and specify Z coordinates as Z on the side on which the workpiece
exists.

X
6
Z +
Z
X +
6
.
0
6
.
5
1
2
1
.
0
X0, Z0
X-14.0 Z25.0
X13.0 Z25.0 15.0 10.0

Through-hole position
Program zero point
Positioning
Comment [ER5]: m2-08.wmf
M3 Programming
5-12
5.2.4 Coordinate values and signs for back machining

The following figure shows the positional relation among the back spindle, the back machining tools, and
the workpiece chucked by the back chuck.

T43
T42
T41
A
a
b
c
d

M12 M16 M20 M32
A Maximum workpiece
protruding length
25.0 25.0 65.0 65.0
a 290.0 290.0 420.0 420.0
b 35.0
(25.0)
35.0
(25.0)
80.0
(70.0)
80.0
(70.0)
c 133.0 133.0 202.0 202.0
d 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Note: Values for the machine with the optional tool spindle of back 3-spindle tool post, S6, are enclosed
in parentheses on Line b.

Specify the coordinate values in the program assuming that the workpiece is fixed.

+ Z
+ X

(Z2 return position)
Turret
(Z3 return position)
Tools on the back
3-spindle tool post
Back spindle
Maximum workpiece protruding length
Enter the value for the "Back Spindle
Chuck POS" in the machining data.
Comment [ER6]: m2pro-009ax.wmf
Comment [ER7]: m2pro-009b.wmf
M3 Programming
5-13
Notes

The maximum workpiece protruding length from the end face of the back spindle are listed in row A of
the table on the previous page. If the external length of a workpiece exceeds the maximum value, the
workpiece interferes with another tool during tool selection.

For the "Back Spindle Chuck POS" in the machining data, enter the workpiece protruding length from
the back spindle. (workpiece protruding length = entire workpiece length back chuck position
specified in the program)
If the above value is not entered, the distance between the end face of the back spindle and the back
machining tool becomes zero. Consequently, the back machining tool interferes with the workpiece
protruding from the back spindle when back machining is performed.

M3 Programming
5-14
5.3 Machining Patterns

To simplify a program used with a multi-axis machine, operations (machining) are grouped by purpose.
An operational (machining) group is called a machining pattern. The following six machining patterns
are available:

Machining pattern cancel (G600)
G600 cancels the machining patterns G610, G620, G630, G635, G640, and G650. (Power-on state)
In general, you do not have to use G600 during automatic operation.

Alternate machining (G610)
This machining pattern is the standard machining pattern that is most frequently used. The machining
pattern is useful when the front machining in $1 to perform machining by alternately using a tool on
the gang tool post and a tool on the turret tool post. The machining pattern also enables the back
machining in $3 to perform machining with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post.

Two-saddle machining (G620)
Use this machining pattern for the front machining in $1 and $2 to perform simultaneous machining
such as rough/finish machining and simultaneous thread cutting (different pitches permitted). The
machining pattern can assign the spindle C axis (C1) to perform machining ($1) with a tool on the gang
tool post or machining ($2) with a tool on the turret tool post. The machining pattern also enables the
back machining in $3 to perform machining with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post.

Front/back parallel machining (G630)
Use this machining pattern to perform front machining and back machining independently. This
machining pattern permits you to perform back machining by alternately using a tool on the turret tool
post and a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post.

Front/back parallel machining (G635)
post and a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post. The specification in the back-machining program is
different between G630 and G635: With G630, specify the turret for $2 and the 3-spindle for back
machining for $3 in the program. With G635, specify both the turret and the 3-spindle for back
machining for $2 in the program.

Simultaneous 3-lines machining (G640)
This machining pattern permits you to perform the machining of three processes (e.g., outer diameter
machining, front center machining (drilling), and back center machining (drilling)). You cannot use
this machining pattern for machining with tools on the back 3-spindle tool post.

Pick-off, Center-support (G650)
Specify this machining pattern after alternate machining (G610), two-saddle machining (G620), and
front/back parallel machining (G630, G635). This machining pattern enables the back spindle to
pick-off the workpiece and support the long workpiece.

Formatted: Indent: Left: 0 cm,
Hanging: 0,4 cm, Bulleted + Level: 1
+ Aligned at: 1 cm + Tab after: 1,63
cm + Indent at: 1,3 cm, Tab stops:
Not at 1,63 cm
M3 Programming
5-15
Notes

You can use the machining pattern of a G code in the G700's. See the M21216/2032 <Instruction
manual> for details on the use of G codes in the G700's.

Axis control groups

The axes of a multi-axis machine are grouped by operational purpose. The axis groups are called axis
control groups.
Create a program for each axis control group. The programs of the axis control groups are executed
when the machine is started.

Superimpose control

If the superimpose control function (G620, G640, or G650 machining pattern) is specified to an axis
control group, its member axes that have been operating with different coordinate systems will operate
synchronizing with the superimposed coordinate system.
Example: With Z1-Z2 superimposed by G620, Z1 is the reference axis and Z2 is the superimposed axis.
In a program, you can specify Z2 coordinate values on the coordinate system of Z1.

M3 Programming
5-16
5.3.1 Machining patterns, axes of axis control groups, and superimpose axes

The table below shows axis assignment to axis control groups in the machining patterns. According to
the table, you can select the axis control group that corresponds to the axis you want to move.

Machining pattern Command code
Axes of axis control groups Superimpose
axis
$1 $2 $3
Machining pattern
cancel
G600 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X2, Z2, Y2 X3, Z3, C2
Alternate
machining
G610 G611 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X3, Z3, C2
G612 X2, Z1, Y2, C1 X3, Z3, C2
Two-saddle
machining
G620 G621 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X2, Z2, Y2 X3, Z3, C2 Z1-Z2
G622 X1, Z1, Y1 X2, Z2, Y2, C1 X3, Z3, C2 Z1-Z2
Front/back parallel
machining
G630 G632 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X2, Z2, Y2, C2
G633 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X3, Z3, C2
Front /back parallel
machining
G635 G637 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X2, Z2, Y2, C2
G638 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X3, Z3, C2
Simultaneous
3-lines machining
G640 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X2, Z2, Y2 X3, Z3, C2 Z1-Z2, Z2-Z3
Pick-off, center
support
G650 Depending on the
previous
machining
pattern
Depending on the
previous
machining
pattern
X3, Z3, C2 Z1-Z3

Machining pattern Command code
Axes of axis control groups Superimpose
axis
$1 $2 $3
1-cycle stop M2 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X2, Z2, Y2 X3, Z3, C2

Notes

Use the machining pattern cancel G600 as the command to cancel the machining patterns G610 to
G650. In general, you do not have to use the G600 command. Specify the machining patterns G610
to G650 for automatic operation.
Use the G611 and G612 commands to select tools on the gang tool post and turret tool post. Use the
G621 and G622 commands to select the axis control groups of the main spindle C axis. Use the G632,
G633, G637, and G638 commands to select tools on the turret tool post and back 3-spindle tool post.
Do not execute the machining pattern commands G600 to G650 in the MDI mode.

M3 Programming
5-17
5.3.2 Machining pattern transition

The machining pattern commands enable machining pattern transition.
Only the alternate machining pattern (G610), two-saddle machining pattern (G620), and front/back
parallel machining pattern (G630, G635) can be switched to the pick-off machining pattern (G650).
However, the pick-off machining pattern (G650) can be switched to all the other machining patterns.

Alternate machining
G610
Machining pattern
cancel
G600
Simultaneous
3-lines machining
G640
Two-saddle
machining
G620
Front/back
parallel
machining
G630
G635
Pick-off,
Center-support
G650
Can be switched to all the
other machining patterns.

Comment [ER8]: word
M3 Programming
5-18
5.3.3 Machining pattern flow

The machining pattern commands should be specified for all the three axis control groups. If you
specify the U0 and W0 arguments in the block of the machining pattern command, each axis does not
move to the fixed point when the machining pattern is switched.

Arguments (U0, W0 and V0) for the machining patterns

U0 specifies that the X axis does not move to the fixed point, W0 specifies that the Z axis does not move
to the fixed point, and V0 specifies that the Y axis does not move to the fixed point.
The axis that moves varies depending on the specified axis control group. $2 moves the turret tool post
(X2, Z2 and Y2 axes) and $3 moves the back headstock (X3 and Z3 axes).

Axis control group $2 $3
Argument U0, W0, V0 U0, W0
Mobile section Turret tool post (X2, Z2, Y2 axes) Back headstock (X3, Z3 axes)

The fixed point varies depending on the machining pattern.
U0 of $2 does not move the turret tool post to the return position.
W0 of $2 does not move the turret tool post to the machining reference point.
V0 of $2 does not move the turret tool post (Y axis) to the center of the main spindle. This argument is
enabled only in the machine of type V.
U0 of $3 does not move the back headstock to the center of the guide bushing.
W0 of $3 does not move the back headstock to the return position or the back machining reference point.

M3 Programming
5-19
Program sample

$1 $2 $3
G610 .................. Alternate machining G610................... Alternate machining G610 .................. Alternate machining
(G611) :
: :
G612 :
: :
M41 .................. Backward movement
of turret Z2 axis
:
G611 :
: :
: :
G630 .................. Front/back parallel
machining
G630..................... Front/back parallel
machining
G630 .................. Front/back s parallel
machining
: G632 G632
: :
: M40 ...................... Forward movement
of turret Z2 axis

: G633 G633
: :
(G611) :
: :
G612 :
: :
G650 ..................................... Pick-off G650...................................... Pick-off G650 ..................................... Pick-off
: :
: :
M56
G999 G999 G999
N999 N999 N999
M02 M02 M02
M99 M99 M99
% % %

Notes

Be sure to cancel the coordinate system shift command and compensation command before switching the
machining pattern. However, you do not have to cancel the compensation command when switching to
G650.

M3 Programming
5-20
5.3.4 Alternate machining (G610)

This machining pattern is the standard machining pattern that is most frequently used. The machining
pattern is useful when the front machining in $1 to perform machining by alternately using a tool on the
gang tool post and a tool on the turret tool post. The machining pattern also enables the back machining
in $3 to perform back machining with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post.

Command format

$1 $2 $3
G610 G610 U0 V0 Z G610 W0

Axis control group

Specify this command for all the axis control groups $1, $2, and $3.

Arguments

$2 U0: The turret tool post (X2 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the turret
tool post moves to the return position.
$2 V0: The turret tool post (Y2 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the turret
tool post moves to the center of the main spindle. This argument is enabled only in the
machine of type V.
$2 Z : Specify this argument to change the point to which the turret tool post (Z2 axis) moves.
For example, when Z-5.0 is specified, the turret tool post (Z2 axis) moves to the position
5.0 mm away from the forward end position. If the argument is not specified, the turret
tool post (Z2 axis) moves to the forward end position (the position opposite to the gang
tool post).
$3 W0: The back headstock (Z3 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the back
headstock moves to the return position.

This machining pattern automatically enters the queuing state. Cancel the coordinate system shift
command and compensation command before executing the machining pattern command.
If you specify the U0, W0 and V0 arguments in the block of the machining pattern command, each axis
does not move to the fixed point when the machining pattern is switched.
The axes automatically move to the positions shown in the figure below when the alternate machining
pattern command is executed.
The following commands are necessary for machining that is performed by alternately using a tool on two
tool posts. G611 is initially set when the G610 commands is specified.

G611 .......... Gang tool post select (Selection of a tool on the gang tool post)
G612 .......... Turret select (Selection of a tool on the turret tool post)
Specify G611 or G612 for $1.

M3 Programming
5-21
Pre-selection of a tool

A tool on the gang tool post and a tool on the turret tool post can be pre-selected in the G610 mode.
In G611 mode (gang tool post select), you can specify a tool (T2000's) on the turret tool post for selecting
the tool while a tool on the gang tool post is machining. Conversely, in G612 mode (turret select), you
can specify a tool (T0100's) on the gang tool post for selecting the tool while a tool on the turret tool post
is machining. To use the pre-selected tool on the gang tool post, switch the G612 mode to the G611
mode. To use the pre-selected tool on the turret tool post, switch the G611 mode to the G612 mode.

CAUTION

To pre-select a turret tool using G611, the distance between the gang tool and the turret tool
must be at least 20.0 mm in radius to prevent interference.

M3 Programming
5-22
Operation sample

(1) The turret tool post (X2 axis) moves to its return position at the rapid feed rate.

(2) The turret tool post (Y2 axis) moves to the center of the main spindle at the rapid feed rate.
The turret tool post (Z2 axis) moves to the position opposite to the gang tool post at the rapid feed rate.
The back headstock (Z3 axis) moves to the return position at the rapid feed rate.

X1
Z1
X2
Z3
c
b

M12 M16 M20 M32
b 80.0 80.0 90.0 90.0
c 290.0 290.0 420.0 420.0
(2) Z3 axis
X1 axis Does not move.
Z3 axis Return position
(3) Z2 axis
(1) X2 axis
X2 axis Return position of the tool on
the turret tool post
Z2 axis Position opposite to the gang
tool
Y2 axis Center of the main spindle
Z3 machine zero point (1) to (3) indicate the operation sequence.
(2) Y2 axis
Comment [y9]: 05-14x1-1.wmf
M3 Programming
5-23
Macro specification

Command code G610
Name Alternate machining
Axis control group $1 $2 $3
Axes of axis control
group
G611 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X3, Z3, C2
G612 X2, Z1, Y2, C1
Superimpose
Coordinate system X1-X2 switching and
Y1-Y2 switching by G611
and G612 commands
Z2: Alignment with the front
machining reference
point
Z3: Alignment with the
machine coordinate
Argument U0: The turret tool post (X2)
does not move. If the
argument is not
specified, the X2 axis
moves to the return
position.
V0: The turret tool post (Y2)
argument is not
specified, the Y2 axis
moves to the center of
the main spindle.
Z : Specify this
argument to change the point
to which the turret tool post
(Z2) moves.
W0: The back spindle (Z3)
argument is not
specified, the Z3 axis
moves to the return
position.
Spindle with which
synchronous feed is
enabled
Main spindle Back spindle
Spindle with which
constant surface speed
control is enabled
Main spindle Back spindle
Cutting block interlock Main spindle Back spindle
T command Gang tool post and turret
tool post
Back 3-spindle tool post and
back spindle
Others

M3 Programming
5-24
Program sample

$1 $2 $3
G610 .................. Alternate machining G610 ................. Alternate machining G610 .................. Alternate machining
(G611)..................... Gang tool select T4100
T2100 ........... Pre-selection of the tool G00 Z0.5
: G01 Z3.0 F0.1 T41
: G00 Z0.5 T00
G612 ............................... Turret select :
T0200 ........... Pre-selection of the tool :
G00 Z0.5 Machining
with
T2100
T4000 ............................ Back spindle
G01 Z5.6 F0.1 T21
G00 Z0.5 T00
G611 ......................... Gang tool select
T2500 X17.0 ............. Pre-selection
of the tool

G00 X9.0 Z0.5 T02
Machining
with
T0200

G01 X12.0 Z1.0 F0.08
Z17.8
X15.2
X17.0 Z18.7
:
:

Notes

Each axis control group should hold the feed per rotation command and feed per minute command as
modal functions.
Specify the main spindle speed command for $1, and specify the back spindle speed command for $3.
You can create a $1 program similar to a twin-turret lathe program assuming the end face of the
workpiece on the front side to be the reference point.
You can create a $3 program similar to a 2-axis lathe program assuming the end face of the workpiece
on the back side to be the reference point.
G610 is a modal G code that is enabled until another machining pattern command is executed.
The turret Z2 axis moves to the position (the forward end position) opposite to the gang tool post.
If you want to change the position of the turret Z2 axis during G610 execution, specify M40 Z .
See <Section 5.8.6 The turret tool post advance and retract (M40 and M41)>.

M3 Programming
5-25
5.3.5 Two-saddle machining (G620)

Use this machining pattern for the front machining in $1 and $2 to perform simultaneous machining such
as rough/finish machining and simultaneous thread cutting (different pitches permitted). The machining
pattern can assign the main spindle C axis (C1) to perform machining in $1 with a tool on the gang tool
post or machining in $2 with a tool on the turret tool post. The machining pattern also enables the back
machining in $3 to perform back machining with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post.

Command format

$1 $2 $3
G620 G620 U0 W0 V0 G620 W0

Axis control groups


Arguments

$2 W0: The turret tool post (Z2 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the turret tool
post moves to the position 5.0 mm away from the end face of the workpiece on the front side.
machine of type V.

The axes automatically move to the positions shown in the figure below when the two-saddle machining
pattern command is executed.
The following commands are necessary for assigning the main spindle C axis. G621 is initially set when
the G620 command is specified.

G621 .......... Main spindle C axis (C1) at $1 side enabled
G622 .......... Main spindle C axis (C1) at $2 side enabled
Specify G621 or G622 for both $1 and $2.
The commands are disabled when optional main spindle C axis is not mounted.

M12 M16 M20 M32
Main spindle C axis (C1) Optional Optional Standard Standard

M3 Programming
5-26
Operation sample


The turret tool post (Z2 axis) moves to the position 5.0 mm away from the end face of the workpiece
on the front side at the rapid feed rate.

X1
Z1
X2
Z3
c
b
Z2
5.0

M12 M16 M20 M32
b 80.0 80.0 90.0 90.0
c 290.0 290.0 420.0 420.0
(2) Z3 axis
(3) Z2 axis
(1) X2 axis
(1) to (3) indicate the operation sequence.
Z3 machine zero point
External workpiece length from the end face of
the workpiece on the front side
X2 axis Return position of the tool
on the turret tool post
Z2 axis The position 5.0 mm away
from the end face of the
workpiece on the front side
(2) Y2 axis
M3 Programming
5-27
Macro specification

Command code G620
Name Two-saddle machining
group
G621 X1, Z1, Y1, C1 G621 X2, Z2, Y2 X3, Z3, C2
G622 X1, Z1, Y1 G622 X2, Z2, Y2, C1
Superimpose Z2 superimposed on Z1
Coordinate system C1 switching by G621 and
G622 commands
Z2: Alignment of the front
tool nose of the tool
(on the turret tool post)
with the end face of the
workpiece on the front
side.
C1 switching by G621 and
G622 commands
Z3: Alignment with the
machine coordinate
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
W0: The turret tool post (Z2)
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
argument is not
the main spindle.
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
Spindle with which
synchronous feed is
enabled
Main spindle Main spindle Back spindle
Spindle with which
control is enabled
Cutting block interlock Main spindle Main spindle Back spindle
T command Gang tool post Turret tool post Back 3-spindle tool post and
back spindle
Others

M3 Programming
5-28
Program sample

$1 $2 $3
: : :
: : :
G620 ................................ Two-saddle G620................................ Two-saddle G620 ................................ Two-saddle
T0200 T2100 T4100
G00 X16.0 Z1.0 T02 G00 X16.0 Z1.0 T21 G00 Z0.5
G01 X6.0 F0.1 G01 X5.0 F0.1 G01 Z3.0 F0.1 T41
Z39.9 F0.08 Z40.0 F0.04 G00 Z0.5 T00
X9.0Z39.9 F0.08 X7.5 :
:X9.0 : :
: : : T4000 ............................ Back spindle

Notes

modal functions.
Specify the main spindle speed command for $1 or $2. The constant surface speed control command
is enabled with axis control groups for which the speed command is specified. Specify the back
spindle speed command for $3.
on the front side to be the reference point.
You can create a $2 program in the same manner as for the $1 program, regardless of the movement of
the Z1 axis.
You can create a $3 program with the same X and Z as for a 2-axis lathe program assuming the end
face of the workpiece on the back side to be the reference point.

M3 Programming
5-29
5.3.6 Front/back parallel machining (G630)

post and a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post.

Command format

$1 $2 $3
G630 G630 U0 W0 V0 G630 U0 W0 I

Axis control groups


Arguments

$2 W0: The turret tool post (Z2 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the turret
tool post moves to the position 5.0 mm away from the end face of the workpiece on the
back side.
machine of type V.
$3 U0: The back headstock (X3 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the back
headstock moves to the center of the guide bushing.
headstock moves to the retract position.
$3 I : Specifies the amount of shift from the zero point for back machining with the Z3 axis.
Specify the I argument when the Z2 axis stroke is too short for drilling with the tool on the
turret tool post for back machining. The Z2 and Z3 axes shift by I argument.

The axes automatically move to the positions shown in the figure below when the front/back parallel
machining pattern command is executed. The axes for back machining move when the G632 or G633
command is executed.
The same commands are necessary for machining that is performed by alternately using two types of
tools.

M3 Programming
5-30
Back turret select (G632)

Use this command to perform back machining with a tool on the turret tool post. Specify the back
machining program for $2.

Command format

$2 $3
G632 U0 W0 G632 I

Axis control groups

Specify this command for both $2 and $3.

Arguments

back side.

M3 Programming
5-31
Back 3-spindle select (G633)

Use this command to perform back machining with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post. Specify the
back machining program for $3

Command format

$2 $3
G633 U0 W0 G633 W1 I

Axis control groups


Argument

back side.
turret tool post for back machining. The Z2 and Z3 axes shift by I argument. If the I
argument is specified in the G633 command, the Z3 axis is not shifted the amount specified
by the argument.


A tool on the turret tool post can be pre-selected in the G630 mode.
In G633 mode (back 3-spindle select), you can specify a tool (T2000's) on the turret tool post for
selecting the tool while a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post is machining. To use the pre-selected tool
on the turret tool post, switch the G633 mode to the G632 mode.

M3 Programming
5-32
Operation sample



(2) The back headstock (Z3 axis) moves to the return position at the rapid feed rate. The turret tool post
(Z2 axis) moves to the position 5.0 mm away from the end face of the workpiece on the back side at
the rapid feed rate.

(3) The back headstock (X3 axis) moves to the center of the guide bushing and the back headstock (Z3
axis) moves to the zero point for back machining at the rapid feed rate.

X1
Z1
X2
b
a
Z2
5.0

M12 M16 M20 M32
a 80.0 80.0 90.0 90.0
b 256.0 256.0 346.0 346.0
c 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
d 30.0 30.0 70.0 70.0
(2) Z3 axis
(1) X2 axis
X3 axis Center of guide bushing
Z3 axis Zero point for back
machining
(2) Z2 axis
(3) Z3 axis
(3) X3 axis
X2 axis Return position of the
tool on the turret
tool post
Z2 axis The position 5.0
mm away from the end face of
the workpiece on the back side
Back spindle chuck
position (machining data)
Return position on the Z2 axis (c) Back spindle chuck position
(machining data) + 5mm
Distance between zero points on the Z2 and
Z3 axes (d) Return position on the Z2 axis (c)
M3 Programming
5-33


(2) The back headstock (Z3 axis) moves to the return position at the rapid feed rate. The turret tool post
(Z2 axis) moves to the position 5.0 mm away from the end face of the workpiece on the back side at
the rapid feed rate. The back headstock moves toward the back 3-spindle tool post when the
command for the tools T4000's is executed.

X1
Z1
X3
b
a
Z3
5.0

M12 M16 M20 M32
a 80.0 80.0 90.0 90.0
b 290.0 290.0 420.0 420.0
c 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
(2) Z3 axis
(1) X2 axis
(2) Z2 axis
(1) and (2) indicate the operation sequence.
tool on the turret tool
post
Back-end face of the
workpiece when G632
(selection of tool on the
turret tool post) is
specified for $3
Return position on the Z2 axis (c) Back spindle chuck
position (machining data) + 5mm
M3 Programming
5-34
Macro specification

Command code G630
Name Front/back parallel machining
group
X1, Z1, Y1, C1
Superimpose Cancel of Z2
superimposition
Cancel of Z3
superimposition
Coordinate system
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
argument is not
the main spindle.
U0: The back spindle (X3)
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
I : Specifies the amount
of shift from the zero
point for back
machining with the Z3
axis.
Spindle with which
synchronous feed is
enabled
Main spindle Back spindle Back spindle
Spindle with which
control is enabled
Cutting block interlock Main spindle Back spindle Back spindle
T command Gang tool post
Others

M3 Programming
5-35

Command code G632
Name Front/back parallel machining Back turret select
group
X2, Z2, Y2, C2
Coordinate system Z2: Alignment of the back tool nose of the
tool (on the turret tool post) the end face
of the workpiece on the back side.
X3: Alignment with the machine coordinate
Z3: Alignment with the zero point for back
machining
Argument U0: The turret tool post (X2) does not move.
If the argument is not specified, the X2
axis moves to the return position.
W0: The turret tool post (Z2) does not move.
If the argument is not specified, the Z2
axis moves to the position 5.0 mm away
from the end face of the workpiece on
the back side.
I : Specifies the amount of shift from
the zero point for back machining
with the Z3 axis.
T command Turret tool post Alarm


Command code G633
Name Front/back parallel machining Back 3-spindle select
group
X3, Z3, C2
Coordinate system Z3: Alignment with the machine coordinate
the back side.
W0: The back spindle (Z3) does not move.
the zero point for back machining with
the Z3 axis.
T command Alarm Turret tool post, back 3-spindle tool post,
and back spindle

M3 Programming
5-36
Program sample

When machining a workpiece with a tool on the turret tool post before a tool on the back
3-spindle tool post:

$1 $2 $3
: : :
G630 ........... Front/back parallel
machining
G630.......... Front/back parallel
machining
G630 .......... Front/back parallel
machining
T0200 G632.......... Front/back parallel
machining Back turret
select
select
G00 X12.0 Z0.5 T02 T2100
G01 Z15.0 F0.1 G00 X9.0 Z0.5 T21
: G01 X12.0 Z1.0 F0.03
: Z30.0
:
G633.......... Front/back parallel
machining Back 3-SP.
select
G633 ........ Front/back parallel
select
T4100
:

When machining a workpiece with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post before a tool on the
turret tool post:

$1 $2 $3
: : :
G630 ......... Front/back parallel
machining
G630......... Front/back parallel
machining
machining
T0200 G633 ........ Front/back parallel
select
select
G00 X12.0 Z0.5 T02 T2100 ........ Pre-selection of the tool
G01 Z15.0 F0.1 T4100
: G00 Z0.5
: G01 Z3.0 F0.1 T41
G00 Z0.5 T00
:
select
select
G00 X9.0 Z0.5 T21 Machining
: by T2100

M3 Programming
5-37
Notes

modal functions.
Specify the main spindle speed command for $1. Specify the back spindle speed command for $2 or
$3.
Likewise, you can create $2 and $3 programs similar to a 2-axis lathe program assuming the end face of
the workpiece on the back side to be the reference point.
Be sure to execute the G632 or G633 command for both $2 and $3 after executing the G630 command.
With the G632 command, specify the back machining program for $2. With the G633 command,
specify the back machining program for $3.

M3 Programming
5-38
5.3.7 Front/back parallel machining (G635)

post and a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post. The specification in the back-machining program is
different between G630 and G635: With G630, specify the turret for $2 and the 3-spindle for back
machining for $3 in the program. With G635, specify both the turret and the 3-spindle for back
machining for $2 in the program.

Command format

$1 $2 $3
G635 G635 U0 W0 V0 G635 U0 W0 I

Axis control groups


Arguments

back side.
machine of type V.
$3 U0: The back headstock (X3 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the back
headstock moves to the center of the guide bushing.

The axes automatically move to the positions shown in the figure below when the front/back parallel
machining pattern command is executed. The axes for back machining move when the G637 or G638
The same commands are necessary for machining that is performed by alternately using two types of
tools.

M3 Programming
5-39

Use this command to perform back machining with a tool on the turret tool post. Specify the back
machining program for $2.

Command format

$2 $3
G637 U0 W0 G637 I

Axis control groups


Arguments

back side.

M3 Programming
5-40

Use this command to perform back machining with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post. Specify the
back machining program for $2

Command format

$2 $3
G638 U0 W0 G638 W0 I

Axis control groups


Argument

back side.
turret tool post for back machining. The Z2 and Z3 axes shift by I argument. If the I
argument is specified in the G638 command, the Z3 axis is not shifted the amount specified
by the argument.


A tool on the turret tool post can be pre-selected in the G635 mode.
In G638 mode (back 3-spindle select), you can specify a tool (T2000's) on the turret tool post for
selecting the tool while a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post is machining. To use the pre-selected tool
on the turret tool post, switch the G638 mode to the G637 mode.

M3 Programming
5-41
Operation sample



(2) The back headstock (Z3 axis) moves to the return position at the rapid feed rate.
on the back side at the rapid feed rate.

(3) The back headstock (X3 axis) moves to the center of the guide bushing and the back headstock (Z3
axis) moves to the zero point for back machining at the rapid feed rate.

X1
Z1
X2
b
a
Z2
5.0

M12 M16 M20 M32
a 80.0 80.0 90.0 90.0
b 256.0 256.0 346.0 346.0
c 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
d 30.0 30.0 70.0 70.0
(2) Z3 axis
(1) X2 axis
Z3 axis Zero point for back
machining
(2) Z2 axis
(3) Z3 axis
(3) X3 axis
X2 axis Return position of
the tool on the
turret tool post
mm away from
the end face of
the workpiece on
the back side

Back spindle chuck position
(machining data)
Return position on the Z2 axis (c) Back spindle chuck position
(machining data) + 5.0mm
Distance between zero points on the Z2 and
Z3 axes (d) Return position on the Z2 axis (c)
M3 Programming
5-42


(2) The back headstock (Z3 axis) moves to the return position at the rapid feed rate.
on the back side at the rapid feed rate. The back headstock moves toward the back 3-spindle tool
post when the command for the tools T4000's is executed.

X1
Z1
X3
b
a
Z3
5.0

M12 M16 M20 M32
a 80.0 80.0 90.0 90.0
b 290.0 290.0 420.0 420.0
c 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
(2) Z3 axis
(1) X2 axis
(2) Z2 axis
(1) and (2) indicate the operation
sequence.
tool on the turret tool
post
Back-end face of the
workpiece when G637
(selection of tool on the
turret tool post) is
specified for $3
Return position on the Z2 axis (c) Back spindle chuck
position (machining data) + 5.0mm
M3 Programming
5-43
Macro specification

Command code G635
Name Front/back parallel machining
group
X1, Z1, Y1, C1
Superimpose Cancel of Z2
superimposition
Cancel of Z3
superimposition
Coordinate system
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
argument is not
the main spindle.
U0: The back spindle (X3)
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
I : Specifies the amount
of shift from the zero
point for back
machining with the Z3
axis.
Spindle with which
synchronous feed is
enabled
Spindle with which
control is enabled
Cutting block interlock Main spindle Back spindle Back spindle
T command Gang tool post
Others

M3 Programming
5-44

Command code G637
Name Front/back parallel machining Back turret select
group
X2, Z2, Y2, C2
Coordinate system Z2: Alignment of the back tool nose of the
tool (on the turret tool post) with the
end face of the workpiece on the back
side.
X3: Alignment with the machine coordinate
Z3: Alignment with the zero point for back
machining
the back side.
the zero point for back machining
with the Z3 axis.
T command Turret tool post Alarm


Command code G638
Name Front/back parallel machining Back 3-spindle select
group
X3, Z3, C2
Coordinate system Z3: Alignment with the machine coordinate
axis moves to the retract position.
the back side.
W0: The back spindle (Z3) does not move.
the zero point for back machining with
the Z3 axis.
T command Turret, back 3-spindle tool post, and back
spindle
Alarm

M3 Programming
5-45
Program sample

When machining a workpiece with a tool on the turret tool post before a tool on the back
3-spindle tool post:

$1 $2 $3
: : :
machining
machining
machining
T0200 G637......... Front/back parallel
select
select
G00 X12.0 Z0.5 T02 T2100
G01 Z15.0 F0.1 G00 X9.0 Z0.5 T21
: G01 X12.0 Z1.0 F0.03
: Z30.0
:
Select
select
T4100
:

When machining a workpiece with a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post before a tool on the
turret tool post:

$1 $2 $3
: : :
machining
machining
machining
T0200 G638 ........ Front/back parallel
select
select
G00 X12.0 Z0.5 T02 T2100 ...... Pre-selection of the tool
G01 Z15.0 F0.1 T4100
: G00 Z0.5
: G01 Z3.0 F0.1 T31
G00 Z0.5 T00
: :
select
select
G00 X9.0 Z0.5 T21 Machining
: by T2100

M3 Programming
5-46
Notes

modal functions.
Specify the main spindle speed command for $1. Specify the back spindle speed command for $2.
Likewise, you can create $2 programs similar to a 2-axis lathe program assuming the end face of the
workpiece on the back side to be the reference point.
Be sure to specify G637 or G638 for $2 and $3 after G635 specification. With G637 and G638,
specify $2 in the back-machining program.

M3 Programming
5-47
5.3.8 Simultaneous 3-lines machining (G640)

This machining pattern permits you to perform the machining of three processes (e.g., outer diameter
machining, front center machining (drilling), and back center machining (drilling)). You cannot use this
machining pattern for machining with tools on the back 3-spindle tool post.

Command format

$1 $2 $3
G640 G640 U0 W0 V0 G640 W0

Axis control groups


Arguments

$2 W0: The turret tool post (Z2 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the turret tool
post moves to the position 5.0 mm away from the end face of the workpiece on the front side.
machine of type V.
$3 W0: The back headstock (Z3 axis) does not move. If the argument is not specified, the turret
tool post moves to the position 5.0 mm away from the end face of the workpiece on the back
side.

The axes automatically move to the positions shown in the figure below when the simultaneous 3-lines
machining pattern command is executed.

M3 Programming
5-48
Operation sample


on the front side at the rapid feed rate.
The back headstock (X3 axis) moves to the center of the guide bushing at the rapid feed rate.

(3) The back headstock (Z3 axis) moves to the position 5.0 mm away from the end face of the workpiece
on the back side at the rapid feed rate.

X1
Z1
X2
Z3
Z2
5.0 5.0

(2) Z3 axis
(1) X2 axis
Z3 axis The position 5.0 mm away from
the end face of the workpiece on
the back side
(3) Z2 axis
(3) Z3 axis
(2) X3 axis
X2 axis Return position of the tool
on the turret tool post
Z2 axis The position 5.0 mm away
from the end face of the
workpiece on the front side
of the tool on the turret tool
post Y axis
(2) Y2 axis
M3 Programming
5-49
Macro specification

Command code G640
Name Simultaneous 3-lines machining
Axes of axis control group X1, Z1, Y1, C1 X2, Z2, Y2 X3, Z3, C2
Superimpose Z2 superimposed on Z1 Z3 superimposed on Z2
Coordinate system Z2: Alignment of the front
tool nose of the tool
(on the turret tool post)
workpiece on the front
side
X3: Alignment with the machine
coordinate
Z3: Alignment of the back tool
nose of the tool (on the turret
tool post) with the end face of
argument is not specified,
the X2 axis moves to the
return position.
the Z2 axis moves to the
return position.
the Y2 axis moves to the
center of the main
spindle.
W0: The back spindle (Z3) does not
move. If the argument is not
specified, the Z3 axis moves to
the return position.
Spindle with which
synchronous feed is
enabled
Spindle with which
control is enabled
T command Gang tool post Turret tool post Alarm
Others

Program sample

$1 $2 $3
: : :
: : :
G640 ...... Simultaneous 3-lines
machining
G640 ................ Simultaneous
3-lines machining
G640 .................. Simultaneous 3-lines
machining
G00 X5.0 Z1.0 G00 Z1.0
!2!3L1 !1!3L1 !1!2L1
G01 Z15.0 F0.03 G01 Z3.5 F0.03 G01 Z3.5 F0.03
X10.0 G00 Z1.0 G00 Z1.0
Z20.0 : :
: : :
:

M3 Programming
5-50
Notes

modal functions.
Specify the main spindle speed command for $1 or $2. Specify the back spindle speed command for
$3.
You can also create a $2 program similar to a 2-axis lathe program assuming the end face of the
workpiece on the front side to be the reference point.
Likewise, you can create a $3 program similar to a 1-axis lathe program assuming the end face of the
workpiece on the back side to be the reference point.

M3 Programming
5-51
5.3.9 Pick-off, Center support (G650)

Specify this machining pattern after alternate machining (G610), two-saddle machining (G620), and
front/back parallel machining (G630). This machining pattern enables the back spindle to pick off
workpiece and support the long workpiece.

Command format

$1 $2 $3
G650 G650 U0 V0 G650 W0

Axis control groups


Argument

machine of type V.

command before executing the machining pattern command.
The axes automatically move to the positions shown in the figure below when the pick-off, center-support

M3 Programming
5-52
Operation sample

(1) The turret tool post (X2 axis) moves to its return position at the rapid feed rate; and the back headstock
(Z3 axis) moves to the return position at the rapid feed rate.

The back headstock (X3 axis) moves to the center of the guide bushing at the rapid feed rate.
For the Z3 axis, the coordinate system is set with the end face of the workpiece on the front side as 0.

X1
Z1
X2
Z3
a

M12 M16 M20 M32
a 80.0 80.0 90.0 90.0
(1) Z3 axis
Z3 axis The coordinate system is set
workpiece on the front side as 0
(1) X2
axis
(1) and (2) indicate the operation sequence.
(2) X3 axis X1 and Z1 Does not move.
X2 axis Return position of the tool on the turret tool post
Z2 axis Does not move.
Y2 axis Center of the main spindle of the tool on the
turret tool post Y axis
(2) Y2 axis
M3 Programming
5-53
Macro specification

Command code G650
Name Pick-off, center support
group
Depending on the previous
machining pattern
machining pattern
X3, Z3, C2
Superimpose Z3 superimposed on Z1
Coordinate system Depending on the previous
machining pattern
machining pattern
X3: Alignment with the
machine coordinate
Z3: Alignment of the face of
the back headstock cap
nut with the end face of
the workpiece on the
front side
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
argument is not
the main spindle.
argument is not
moves to the return
position.
Spindle with which
synchronous feed is
enabled
Spindle with which
control is enabled
T command Depending on the previous
machining pattern
machining pattern
Back spindle
Others

M3 Programming
5-54
Program sample

$1 $2 $3
G610 G610 G610
: :
: :
G99 M03 S1=1500 :
T0100 :
G00 Z85.0 T4000 ............................ Back spindle
G650 ..................................... Pick-off G650...................................... Pick-off G650 ..................................... Pick-off
G00 Z2.0
M24 S2=1500
G98 G01 Z50.0 F1000
M15
!3L1 !1L1
G00 X17.0
G01 X1.0 F0.03
G610 G610 G610
X3.0 : :
: : :
:

Notes

Execute the pick-off command (G650) after alternate machining (G610), two-saddle machining (G620),
and front/back parallel machining (G630, G635). At this time, the machining patterns of $1 and $2
are held. Since the Z3 axis moves superimposed on the Z1 axis in the G750 mode, executing the axis
move command for $3 moves the Z3 axis to the position determined by the Z1 axis workpiece
coordinates.
Position the Z1 axis at cut-off position before specifying the G650 command.
During pick-off operation (G650), you can move the Z2 and Z3 axes to the fixed points of an arbitrary
machining pattern by specifying the G231 command. See <Section 5.7.7 Pick-off cancel (G231)>.

M3 Programming
5-55
5.4 S Functions (S Codes)

The S functions specified in the following formats are called speed functions. The S functions are used
to specify the speeds of the main spindle, the back spindle, the tool spindle of the gang tool post, and the
tool spindle of the turret tool post.

Command format

S1 = Main spindle
S2 = Back spindle
S3 = Tool spindle of the gang tool post
S4 = Tool spindle of the turret tool post
S6 = Tool spindle of the back 3-spindle tool post

Calculate the spindle speed from the following formula. Round the calculation result to the nearest
whole integer.

N: Speed (min
1
)
N = Error! 1000 V: Cutting speed (m/min)
D: Workpiece diameter (mm) (With drilling: Hole diameter)
: Circular constant ( 3.14)

Command ranges of the S codes

Spindle
No.
Name
Speed
M12 M16 M20 M32
S1 Main spindle 200 to 12000min
1
200 to 10000min
1
200 to 10000min
1
200 to 8000min
1

S2 Back spindle 200 to 10000min
1
200 to 10000min
1
200 to 8000min
1
200 to 7000min
1

S3 Tool spindle of gang
tool post
200 to 8000min
1
200 to 8000min
1
200 to 5000min
1
200 to 5000min
1

S4 Tool spindle of turret
tool post
200 to 6500min
1
200 to 6500min
1
200 to 5000min
1
200 to 5000min
1

S6 Tool spindle of back
3-spindle tool post
200 to 5000min
1
200 to 5000min
1
200 to 5000min
1
200 to 5000min
1

Note

S6 (tool spindle of the back 3-spindle tool post) is optional.

M3 Programming
5-56
5.5 T Functions (T Codes)

The T function determines a tool position where the tool can machine the workpiece. T codes for tool
selection are as follows. T0100 to T0900 are for tools on the gang tool post. T2000 to T3900 are for
tools on the turret tool post. T4100 to T4300 are for tools on the back 3-spindle tool post. T4000 is
for the back spindle.
A tool is positioned by the "T" command.
The queuing position of a tool on the gang tool post can be set arbitrarily as the "Tool Positioning Point
(DIA)" in the machining data.
To machine thin material, set at least about 0.2 mm for the tool queuing point.
Specify the "T" command with a 4-digit number. The first two digits correspond to the tool
number. The last two digits correspond to the compensation number. Specify 00 as a compensation
number in the compensation cancel state.

Command format

T

Argument

: Up to 33 tool numbers can be specified, which is the total of tools (01-09) on the gang tool
post, tools (20-39) on the turret tool post, tools (41-43) on the back 3-spindle tool post, and
the back spindle (40).
: Compensation number of tool nose wear

Pre-selection of a tool with T code

Ordinary T code selection calls the tool that is going to machine the workpiece. If the lathe has two or
more tool posts, a tool on one tool post can be called while the tool on other tool post is machining the
workpiece. This feature is called pre-selection.
With the machining pattern G610, to pre-select a tool on the turret tool post (T2000's) in the G611 mode
and a tool on the gang tool post (T0100's) in the G612 mode.
With the machining pattern G630, to pre-select a tool on the turret tool post (T2000's) in the G633 mode.
With the machining pattern G635, to pre-select a tool on the turret tool post (T2000's) in the G638 mode.
For the machining patterns, see <Section 5.3 Machining Patterns>.

M3 Programming
5-57

T22
3
1
T21
T23
3
3
T24
3
2
39
3
8
T29
T20
T28
3 5
3
6
T26
T25
T27
3
7
30
3 4
T43 T42 T41
T40
T01
T02
T03
T04
T05
T06
T07
T08
T09

Tools on the turret tool post
Back spindle
Tools on the back 3-spindle tool post
Tools on the gang tool post
Comment [y17]: c84-1.wmf
M3 Programming
5-58
5.5.1 Tool mounting positions and the types of machining

The following table shows the tool mounting positions and the types of machining when GTF5216
(standard tool holder for M12) is used:

Mounting
position
Tool no.
Outer diameter
machining
Tool spindle
Outer/inner
diameter machining
and
Tool spindle
Pick-off
Inner diameter
machining in
back machining
Gang tool post 01 T0100
02 T0200
03 T0300
04 T0400
05 T0500
06 T0600
07 T0700
08 T0800
09 T0900
Turret tool
post
20 T2000
21 T2100
22 T2200
23 T2300
24 T2400
25 T2500
26 T2600
27 T2700
28 T2800
29 T2900
30 T3000
31 T3100
32 T3200
33 T3300
34 T3400
35 T3500
36 T3600
37 T3700
38 T3800
39 T3900
Back spindle 40 T4000
Back
3-spindle tool
post
41 T4100
42 T4200
43 T4300

M3 Programming
5-59
5.5.2 Tools on the gang tool post

Command format

T Q1 H X Z Y A K3 E

Argument

Q1: Specify this argument to select a tool without moving the currently machining tool to the
positioning point. If the Q1 argument is not specified, the machine selects a tool after the
currently machining tool moves to the position ("Tool Positioning Point (DIA)" + maximum
DIA value of tool set data between current and next tool).

H : Specify the distance by which the currently machining tool moves from the material outer
diameter specified in the machining data. If the H argument is not specified, the tool moves
to the position ("Tool Positioning Point (DIA)" + maximum DIA value of tool set data
between current and next tool).

X : Specify the X1 axis work coordinate after tool selection. If the X argument is not specified,
the tool moves to the positioning point.

Z : Specify the Z1 axis work coordinate after tool selection. The Z axis does not move unless
the Z argument is specified.

Y : Specify the Y1 axis work coordinate after tool selection. If the Y argument is not specified,
the tool moves to the work zero point.

A : This argument is valid for only pre-selection of a tool (T0100's) on the gang tool post when
the G612 command is specified.
If the X argument is specified, specify the Z1 work coordinate effective when the selected
tool starts moving to the specified position in the direction of X1 axis. If the A argument is
not specified, the machine moves the selected tool to the X1 axis regardless of the Z1 axis
work coordinate.

K3: The Z3 axis (back spindle) becomes the target Z axis after tool selection. The default target
axis is the Z1 axis. Only a number in the T0100's of the machining pattern G600 or G611
can be selected. The C2 axis (back C axis) is enabled as the target C axis. To change the
X axis and C axis back to the original target axes (Z1 and C1), execute G611 and G600.

E : Specify this argument to index the main spindle during tool selection. The specification is
valid at transition from the turning process to the secondary machining process. If the tool
pre-selection argument and the K3 argument are specified together, the specification is
invalid.

M3 Programming
5-60
What is a positioning point?

Positioning point = value specified for "Bar Stock O.D." in the machining data + value specified for "Tool
Positioning Point (DIA)" in the machining data + the DIA value of the tool set data of the specified tool

Note

Setting and calling of tools for secondary machining that are mounted on the gang tool post:
Observe the following if a tool for secondary machining mounted on the gang tool post is beyond the tool
nose reference position in the diametrical direction (direction of X1 axis):
Set the protrusion length from the tool nose reference position for the DIA value of the tool set
data that corresponds to the tool number.
In this case, you do not have to set the protrusion length from the tool nose reference position for the
"Tool Positioning Point (DIA)" in the machining data. For the tool positioning point in the machining
data, generally set about 1.0 mm, or set 1.0 mm or more depending on the tool to be mounted.
After calling the tool mounted beyond the tool nose reference position, you do not have to shift the
coordinate system of the diametrical direction in the program. The tool is moved to the positioning
point when the selection is completed.

Value specified for
"Tool Positioning Point (DIA)" in the machining data
Positioning point
Tool positioning point
Diameter value of the tool set data
of the specified tool
Value specified for
"Bar Stock O.D." in the machining data
Comment [ER18]: kz5-45.wmf
M3 Programming
5-61
Operation sample

T

(1) The currently selected tool moves to the position ("Tool Positioning Point (DIA)" + maximum DIA
value of tool set data between current and next tool) at the rapid feed rate.
(2) While keeping the X1 axis at the position (1), the machine moves the specified tool to the position
(Y1 axis) at the rapid feed rate.
(3) The specified tool moves to the positioning point at the rapid feed rate.

Positioning
point
Material
T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400 T0300 T0400 T0300 T0400
(1) The currently
selected tool moves
to the position
("Tool Positioning
Point (DIA)" +
maximum DIA
value of tool set
data between
current and next
tool).
(2) While keeping the
position ("Tool
Positioning Point
(DIA)" + maximum DIA
value of tool set data
between current and
next tool), the machine
moves the specified
tool to the position.
(3) The specified
tool moves to
the positioning
point.

Note

If an end-face drilling tool is currently selected or specified, the specified tool moves from the current
position directly to the positioning point.

T Q1

(1) The specified tool moves from the current position directly to the positioning point at the rapid feed
rate.

Positioning
point
Material
T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400
(1) The specified tool
moves from the
current position
directly to the
positioning point.

Comment [ER19]: word
M3 Programming
5-62
T H

(1) The currently selected tool moves to the position ("Bar Stock O.D." in the machining data + value
(diameter) specified by the H argument) at the rapid feed rate.

Positioning
point
(2) While keeping the position
"Bar Stock O.D." + value
specified by the H
argument, the machine
moves the specified tool to
the position.
(1) The currently
selected tool moves
to the position ("Bar
Stock O.D." + value
specified by the H
argument).
Material
T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400 T0300 T0400
H/2
T0300 T0400
moves to the
positioning point.

T X

(1) The currently selected tool moves to the position ("Bar Stock O.D."+ "Tool Positioning Point
(DIA)" + maximum DIA value of tool set data between current and next tool) at the rapid feed rate.
(3) The specified tool moves to the position specified by the X argument at the rapid feed rate.

Positioning
point
moves to the
position specified
by the X argument.
(1) The currently selected
tool moves to the
position ("Bar Stock
O.D."+ "Tool
Positioning Point (DIA)"
+ maximum DIA value
of tool set data).
Material
Position
specified
by the X
argument
T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400 T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400
(2) While keeping the position
("Tool Positioning Point
(DIA)" + maximum DIA value
of tool set data between
current and next tool), the
machine moves the specified
tool to the position.

M3 Programming
5-63
T Y

(1) The currently selected tool moves to the position ("Bar Stock O.D."+ "Tool Positioning Point
specified by the Y argument (Y1 axis) at the rapid feed rate.

Positioning
point
Material
(1) The currently selected
tool moves to the position
("Bar Stock O.D."+"Tool
Positioning Point (DIA)" +
maximum DIA value of
tool set data).
(Y axis) moves to the
position specified by the
Y argument.
T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400
moves to the
positioning point.
Position
specified
by the Y
argument

T Z

(1) The currently selected tool moves to the position ("Bar Stock O.D." + "Tool Positioning Point
(3) The specified tool moves to the positioning point ("Bar Stock O.D." + "Tool Positioning Point
(DIA)" + DIA value of tool set data of the specified tool), and the Z1 axis moves directly to the
position specified by the Z argument at the rapid feed rate.

(1) The currently selected tool
moves to the position
("Bar Stock O.D." + "Tool
Positioning Point (DIA)" +
maximum DIA value of tool
set data).
(3) The specified tool (X1 axis)
moves to the positioning
point, and the Z1 axis
moves to the position
specified by the Z
argument.
T0300
T0300 T0400
T0300 T0400
(Y axis) moves to the
position specified
by the Y argument.

M3 Programming
5-64
5.5.3 Tools on the turret tool post

Command format

T X Y A E

Arguments

X : Specify the X2 axis work coordinate for positioning after tool selection. If the X argument
is not specified, the tool on the turret tool post remains its return position.

Y : Specify the Y2 axis work coordinate for positioning after tool selection. If the argument is
not specified, the Y2 axis moves to the center of the main spindle. This argument is
enabled only in the machine of type V.

A : This argument is valid for only pre-selection of a tool (T2000's and T3000's in the G611
command). If the X argument is specified, specify the Z1 work coordinate effective when
the selected tool starts moving to the specified position in the direction of X2 axis. If the A
argument is not specified, the machine moves the selected tool to the X2 axis regardless of
the Z1 axis work coordinate.

E : Specify this argument to index the front spindle or back spindle during tool selection. The
specification is valid at transition from the turning process to the secondary machining
process. If the machining pattern is for machining with the front spindle, the front spindle
(C1 axis) is indexed. If the machining pattern is for machining with the back spindle, the
back spindle (C2 axis) is indexed.

M3 Programming
5-65
Operation sample

T00

When selection of a tool on the turret tool post is specified, the turret tool post moves to its return
position, and the specified tool is selected.

T21
T24 T21
Turret
(1) The turret tool post
moves to its return
position.
(2) The specified tool is selected.
When the X and Yargument
are specified, the X and Y axis
are also positioned after tool
selection.

Turret
Turret

Note

When the turret tool post is clamped/unclamped, the tool nose on the turret tool post does not usually
move because the Z2 axis and TI axis operate under superimpose control in the longitudinal direction:
the Z2 axis moves 4.0 mm and the TI axis moves + 4.0 mm. However, the Z2 axis does not move
when it is between the machine zero point and the Z2 axis return position (4.0 mm). Consequently,
when the turret tool post is unclamped, the tool nose moves about 4.0 mm (equivalent to the move
distance of the TI axis) in the longitudinal direction.
M3 Programming
5-66
5.5.4 Tools on the back 3-spindle tool post

Command format

T X Z W Q1 E

Arguments

X : Specify the X3 axis work coordinate for positioning after tool selection. If the X argument
is not specified, the tool moves to X0.

Z : Specify the distance (Z3 axis) by which the currently machining tool moves from the return
position. If the Z argument is not specified, the back spindle Z3 axis moves away 5.0 mm
from the tool bit position at the maximum protrusion, and then the machine selects the target
tool.

W : Specify the distance (Z3 axis) by which the currently machining tool moves from the current
position. If the W argument is not specified, the back spindle Z3 axis moves away 5.0 mm
from the tool bit position at the maximum protrusion, and then the machine selects the target
tool. For the W argument, you can specify only a value up to zero.

Q1 The specified tool is selected without the back spindle Z3 axis (of the currently machining
tool) being retracted. If the Q1 argument is not specified, the back spindle Z3 axis moves
away 5.0 mm from the tool bit position at the maximum protrusion.

E : Specify this argument to index the back spindle (C2 axis) during tool selection. The
specification is valid at transition from the turning process to the secondary machining
process.

M3 Programming
5-67
Operation sample

T W

When selection of a tool on the back 3-spindle tool post is specified, the back headstock moves only the
distance specified by the W argument, and the specified tool is selected.
Zero point for back
machining
Back Spindle Chuck POS
T43
T41
T42
Workpiece
Distance specified by the W argument
a

M12 M16 M20 M32
a 60.0 (50.0) 60.0 (50.0) 145.0 (135.0) 145.0 (135.0)
Note: Values for the machine with the optional tool spindle of back 3-spindle tool post, S6, are enclosed
in parentheses.

Notes

An alarm is issued if a value specified for the W argument is not up to zero.
You cannot specify the Z and W arguments together.

M3 Programming
5-68
5.5.5 Back spindle

Command format

T4000

Operation sample

T4000

When selection of the back spindle is specified, the back headstock (Z3 axis) moves to the return position,
and the back headstock (X3 axis) moves to the center of the guide bushing.

Specify this command to return the back headstock (X3 axis) to the center of the guide bushing when the
tool on the back 3-spindle tool post finishes back machining. This command gets the back headstock
ready for the machining patterns of front/back parallel machining (G630, G635), simultaneous 3-lines
machining (G640), and pick-off (G650).

Workpiece
T41
Guide bushing
X3 and Z3 axis
machine zero point

Note

For the machining patterns, see <Section 5.7 Special G Codes 1 and 2>.


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