Sie sind auf Seite 1von 9

ISSN: 1829-9466 2004 Journal of the Indonesian Oil and Gas Community.

Published by Komunitas Migas Indonesia


Teddy-1
Piping, Fittings, and Valves

Teddy

Mechanical/Piping Engineering Department, PT Ceria Worley
Menara Batavia Lt.12A, Jl. KH Mas Mansyur, Kav.126,
Jakarta 10220, E-mail: teddy@worley.com.au




Abstract This article provides basic knowledge about
piping engineering. It is known that there is no such
formal educations in Indonesia which prepare engineers
to have sufficient understanding on piping design and
piping engineering. This article is written based on real
experience in engineering industry. Nevertheless, it is not
the purpose of this article if someone is looking for
extensive and detail explanations of piping engineering.

There are three main focus of this article, which are
piping engineering, piping connectors, and valves
selection. It is considered that briefly explanations about
this three main aspects will equip engineers/designers
from different background or area of expertise with basic
knowledge and principle that mostly occurs in daily
piping-related engineering activities.

1. Introduction

Piping in a plant is like a vein in human body. It plays
important role of conveying any fluidic substance from
one place to another, simply say that without it none of
the whole process system can exist. However, its
existence and behavior under hot or cold condition is
sometimes neglected and considered as lower priority,
causing major delay of project completion or detrimental
effects on other equipments during operations. Many
reasons related to this, one of them is probably caused by
lack of understanding of piping work itself.

As a matter of interest, the frequently asked questions of
piping engineering and design are typically represented
by the following questions:
- What kind of piping, fittings, flanges, and
valves material should be selected to satisfy the
condition requirements, described in PFD,
P&ID, and Material Balance?
- What codes should be applied?
- What schedule number should be employed,
concerning the pressure, temperature, and fluid
service?
- How the piping joint should be constructed,
fabricated and tested in accordance with the
codes requirement?
- How the piping should be routed to allow
inherent safety design, minimum piping in use,
and flexibility without sacrifice aesthetical aspect
or interfere the function and operation of
connected equipments?




The following discussion outlines the minimum
explanations to accomplish such duties, and should be
read in conjunction with respective codes and
standards.

2. Piping Engineering

2.1 Piping Material Selection

Material selection is a part of whole engineering
decision that should be made before someone starts to
build piping network. It must be carefully considered
that the piping will retain the pressure, temperature
and corrosion as an inherent operating condition.
Table.1 in attachment simply can be used as guidance
to select the proper pipe and fittings material based on
the temperature conditions. In addition to this, if the
predicted corrosion rate is high, carbon steel base
material can be use either by adding or increasing the
corrosion allowance. Somehow, it is preferred to use
another materials such as 22% Cr Duplex (A-790
UNS SS31803) or ASTM A312 SS 316 instead of
carbon steel with corrosion allowance higher than
6mm, concerning that carbon steel with excessive
thickness and large diameter will increase stresses,
reduce the flexibility of the piping system (especially
at high temperature and pressure), and give more
additional load to support and platform globally.

Table.2 in attachment is presented here as additional
information for 22%Cr Duplex SS. This material has
been attracted many engineers in the past decade, as it
offers some major benefits both in its mechanical
properties and chemical resistance to corrosion.

It must barely keep in mind that NACE MR01-75
certification would be required if the piping system is
subjected to sour services. This standard states that
metallic material under sour service must not have
hardness greater than 22 HRC. This is important to
avoid sulfide stress corrosion cracking (SSCC).

2.2 Wall Thickness Calculation

Developing new piping specification for a new
project requires pipe wall thickness calculation. This
is the second stage after the material has been
selected. The wall thickness calculation is important
as someone has to purchase the available piping size

Teddy-2
in the market at standardized wall thickness (scheduled).
The following formula should be used:

+
+
C
PY SE
PD
MT
=
t m
) ( 2
1
..(1)
Where:
t
m
= minimum required wall thickness (inches).
P = internal design pressure (psig).
T = selected pipe wall thickness (look at pipe
schedules Table.3 below)
D = outside diameter of pipe (inches).
S = allowable stresses for pipe material (psi), per
tables in ASME B31.3 (Appendix A)
E = longitudinal weld joint factor, per tables in
ASME B31.3 (Appendix A- normally 1.0
for seamless pipe).
Y = temperature factor, per Table 304.1.1 in
ASME B31.3 (Normally 0.4).
C = the sum of mechanical allowances (groove
depth and threading) plus allowances for
corrosion and erosion (inches).
MT = factor to account for mill tolerance on
pipe wall thickness. 0.875 for seamless
A-106 Gr. B pipe and seamless API-5L
Gr. B pipe. 0.90 for API-5L Gr. B welded
20 inch NPS and above.
Notes: (1) This formula should only be used
for t less than D/6 and for P/SE less
than or equal to 0.385.
(2) This formula is derived from the
basic formula for internal pressure
design thickness from ASME
B31.3 (ASME B31.4 and B31.8
have different formulae).
(3) Threading allowances are as
follows (from ASME B1.20.1, ASME
B31.3, Sections 304.1.1 and 314):
" - " NPS 0.0571" thread
allowance
1" - 2" NPS 0.0696" thread
allowance
2.3 Brief Philosophy of Piping Stress Analysis

To design the proper piping system , engineers must
understand the behavior of piping under loading or
operating condition and also comprehend design code
standard properly. The behavior of piping system is
normally described by such factors, i.e.,
movement/displacement, acceleration, stress, forces,
and moment.

Stress analysis of piping system is primarily due to
safety reason. Generally the purposes of flexibility
analysis are to:
- calculate the stress within piping system and
to validate whether they are exceeding the
code stress or not
- calculate forces and moment at the
equipment nozzle attached to piping such as
vessel, tank, pump, compressors, etc, and
then compare the obtained value with the
allowable nozzle loads.
- Calculate the restrain loads
- Calculate the maximum displacement to
check whether it is causing piping
interference or not
- Solving dynamic analysis of equipment
vibration, hammering, slugging, seismic, etc
- Optimize the general arrangement and
piping lay out.

The flexibility of piping system should be sufficient
in order to have unhindered movement of piping
under thermal expansion or contraction or movements
of supports and terminal points, therefore it will not
produce the following impacts:
- Failure of piping or support from overstress
or fatigue
- Leakage at joints
- Detrimental stresses or distortion in piping
or in connected equipment (pumps, vessels
or valves for instance) resulting from
excessive thrusts or moments in the piping.

Flexibility denotes the measurement of the presence
of necessary piping length in the proper direction. In
conclusion, the purpose of piping flexibility analysis
is to generate a piping layout that causes neither
excessive stresses nor excessive end reactions. To
achieve this, layout should be not stiff. However, the
system with excessive flexibility is also not desirable
because this requires excess materials, susceptible to
seismic excitation, low natural frequencies, and
increasing initial cost. For example, more length with
many bends increase pressure drop, which inevitably
increase operating cost.

In analyzing piping mechanics, the following
parameters must be considered:
a. The appropriate code that applies to the
system. The code will outline the allowable
stresses.
b. The pressure and temperature (operating and
design)
c. Type of material
d. Pipe size and wall thickness of material
e. Piping geometry including movements of
anchor and restrain
f. Limitations of forces and moments on
equipment nozzles set by NEMA SM 23,

Teddy-3
API 617, API 610, WRC 107, or the equipment
manufacturers.
g. Loading affecting the piping system should be
determined first as load case basis, i.e., static
load (weight effect, thermal expansion and
contraction, effects of support, anchor and
terminal movements, internal or external
pressure loading) and dynamic load (impact
forces, wind, seismic, vibration, and discharge
load)

In any piping system, these criteria must be considered
and satisfied as minimum. For years, there have been
many tools developed to calculate and analyze the stress
in piping systems. However, these simplification
methods will require exhaustive hours of working time if
they are applied to analyze complex system. Recent pipe
stress analysis software is available in the market, such as
AutoPipe, CaesarII, Trifflex, etc. Each of them has
advantages and disadvantages depend on the perspective
of the user and interface system basically. Nevertheless,
the analysis activity and philosophy itself would not be
different whatever software we use.

Before developing a piping system, preliminary
assessment must be accomplis hed to select which piping
line is more critical in term of its stress and in what level
of stress the piping is. The complete information of piping
stress analysis requirements (whether or not the
comprehensive formal computer analysis is required)
typically is detailed in critical line list document.
Moreover, the level of piping stress analysis requirements
will be:
a. Level 1
Visual inspection only
b. Level 2
Approximate analysis using tables, charts, for
allocation of supports and restrains.
c. Level 3
Comprehensive computer analysis

The following formula is useful as a preliminary
checking:

C
U L
Dy

2
) (
.(2)

where : D = outside diameter of pipe, in
y = resultant of total displacement strains to be
absorbed by the piping system, in
L = developed length of line axis between
anchors, ft
U = anchor distance (length of straight line
joining anchors), ft
C = 0.03 for US units

Some companies apply different methods to assess a
formal analysis requirement, for example by simple
diameter and temperature graph, or simple diameter and
temperature formula. Despite the simplicity, any shortcut
way such the above method to assess the formal stress
analysis requirement should be treated carefully as
noted by ASME B31.3.

2.4 Line Numbering

Another important document that must be issued
regarding the identification of piping in a plant or
installation is Line list.
Every piping line must be named based on its
operating conditions, class, material, how it is should
be tested, type of coating, insulation, and any other
inherent accessories. Each of these names then listed
in one specific document, called line list.
The method of how a segment of pipe is given the
name can be different from one company to others.
However, the following method is general one and
can be applied in every condition:
a. Product service Code is a two alfa numeric
characters which defines type of fluid
service. For instance, PG means Process
Hydrocarbon Gas, PF means Process
Hydrocarbon Liquid, etc.
b. Piping Class shows the i dentification of
specific class. For example, A1 represents
carbon steel pipe with ASME 150# rating.
c. System Number shows the identification of
service system. For instance 20 represents
piping connected to individual system of
Separation and Stabilization process.
d. Sequence number consists of 4 digits
number. First digit is usually a unique
number of a particular process, or particular
location. For example any piping in Offshore
platform A of 3 platforms is started with 1,
and others consecutively 2, and 3. The rest
of the three digits is to any individual piping
in that first digit category. In developing a
line number for complex system, frequently
people get confuse of when should a
sequence number change. The following
check items can be used as a guideline, i.e
whenever pipe meets or goes to :

NN - AA - ANN NN - AAAA N(N)AA


Insulation Code. (Note 5)


4 digits sequence number (Note 4)


System Number (Note 3)


Piping Class (Note 2)


Product Service Code ( Note 1)


Size in inches (1 or 2 Digits
as required)

Teddy-4
Connection with equipment
pressure class change
Branch from header
Connection with nozzle
Different System

In contrast, Sequence number doesnt change at the
following items:
Connection with valve (even if there is diameter
change)
At tee for the main stream
At the change of insulation class
Floor or wall penetration.

e. Insulation Code shows the type of insulation, for
example PP is for personal protection , FP for
Fire Protection, HC for Heat Conservation.
Moreover the first 2 digits define insulation
thickness.
3 Piping Connections

3.1 Flanges

Flanged joints are made by bolting together two flanges
with a gasket between them. The limitations of working
pressure within flange connections are simply detailed in
ASME B16.5. For flange size greater than 24, MS SP-44
should be used as reference. ASME B16.5 classifies
pressure temperature ratings in some groups of materials.
Each group of materials and each pressure rating (150#,
300#, 400#, 600#, 900#, 1500#, 2500#) comprises of
different values of pressure and temperature rating. Based
on line list, P&IDs and Material Flow diagram, one can
source Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP)
for the specific line of piping system. In some occasions,
this MAWP is taken as design pressure input (P) for wall
thickness calculation (full rating design). If this is applied,
then the flange connection will be the weakest point along
the piping. Any time the pressure in piping exceeds the
MAWP, the flange connections will be the first part to be
fail.

There are several types of flange, herein:
1. Slip On Flange, for general application, non-
flammable, non-toxic condition. This type of
flange has poor resistance to shock and vibration,
and causes irregularity in the bore. The internal
weld is slightly more subjected to corrosion than
the butt-weld. It is cheaper to purchase but
costlier to assemble. It is also easier to align
rather than weld neck flange.
2. Weld Neck Flange is suitable for wider
application and ratings. Compare to slip on type,
this flange is more advantageously suitable
where extreme temperature, shear, impact and
vibration exist. Moreover, the regularity of the
bore is unobstructed.
3. Lap-Joint Flange. This type of flange is used
where the stub end and the flange material is
distinguished by economical consideration. It
will be no longer cost effective if the stub
end and flange are the same material. It
offers benefit where alignment of bolt holes
is difficult, as with spools to be attached to
flange nozzles of vessels.
4. Socket-Welding Flange. This type of flange
is used for small pipe below 2. For details
refer to socket-welded fittings section below.

In addition, there are some types of flange faces. The
most common of them are FF (Flat Face) type, RF
(Raised Face) type and RJ/RTJ (Ring Type Joint)
type. RF flange is used for 600# and below,
meanwhile RTJ is used for 900# and above. In
addition to these, the face can have smooth or serrated
face. Fig.1 above shows the typical example of RF
type.

Nowadays, hub-ended clamp connections have
become a considerable alternative, especially for high
pressure and large diameter piping or sub-sea pipe
line. They are known respectively by their brand
(Techlock/grayloc). The hub-ended clamp technology
solves the problems of enormous weight, dimension
for high-pressure large diameter flange, by using
relatively small clamp and hub system (metal to metal
connections). The rigidity of piping system produced
by flange connections is smaller when the clamp
system is applied, this will significantly increase the
bending and tension capability of piping system. In
overall, the application of clamp technology will save
weight, time (flanges use 4 or 8 bolts or even more,
clamp system only uses 4 bolts), space, and leakage
(can withstand considerable bending moments/force,
and axial loading due to pressure).






Fig.2 Illustration of Piping Modeling from
AutoPlant. An Expansion loop is shown In
Right hand side picture

Fig.1 Hub-end and Clamp Connection
( From www.grayloc.com)

Teddy-5
3.2 Fittings

These methods of joints are commonly used for most
carbon steel and stainless steel pipe:

A. Butt-Welded
Used for most process, utility and service piping. Suitable
for large pipes (2 and above) and fittings which offers
reliable and leak-proof joints. The beveled end of pipe is
aligned each other to fittings (beveled by manufacturers),
tack welded, then continuous weld is made.
Some items are included here:
- Butt-welding tee is used to make a 90
0
branches
from the main run pipe. The tee could be equal
branch size or reducing branch size
- Stub-in is used to make a direct branch from the
main run pipe.
- Weldolet is employed to make a 90
0
branch, full-
size or reducing on straight pipe. Closer
manifold is possible rather than tee.
- Butt-welding elbolet makes a reducing tangent
branch on long radius and short radius elbow.
- Sweepolet makes a 90
0
reducing branch. It is
usually employed in pipe line transmission and
distribution system.

B. Socket Welded
Socket welding is used for smaller pipes (below 2). The
applicability is for lines conveying flammable, toxic, or
expensive material where no leakage can be permitted.
The end of pipe is made flat. It is in the fittings, valve, or
flange, and a continuous fillet weld is made around the
outside meeting circumferences of pipe and fittings,
valve, or flange. Compare to butt-welding, socket welding
has advantages of easier alignment for small size, and no
weld metal can intrude into the bore. Nevertheless, the
1/16inch recess at the inner joints between pipe plain end
and fittings, valve or flange can cause pocket liquid. The
use of socket welded is also prohibited as per ASME
B31.1.0-1967 if severe erosion or crevice corrosion exists.
Some items are included here:
- Full-coupling joins pipe to pipe
- Swage Nipples (Plain Both Ends) allows to
joining either socket-ended items of different
sizes or socket-ended item to a larger butt-
welding pipe or fitting.
- Socket-welding elbow makes 90
0
or 45
0
changes
of direction
- Nipolet is used for small valves connections
- Socket-welding tee is used to make a 90
0

branches from the main run pipe. The tee could
be equal branch size or reducing branch size.
- Sockolet makes 90
0
branch full size or reducing
in straight pipe
- Socket-welding elbolet makes a reducing tangent
branch on long radius and short radius elbow

C. Screwed
Like Socket-welding piping, screwed piping is used for
line of small pipe (below 2). Most of the screwed fittings
are not utilized in process piping, although the pressure
and temperature ratings may be suitable. Screwed and
socket fittings are rated at 2000, 3000, and 6000 PSI.

D. Quick Connectors and Couplings
It is used either for permanent or temporary
application depending on service condition, and type
of joints, It is especially useful for making repairs to
lines, and for process modifications.

4. Valve Selection

The following brief explanation can be use as simple
guideline:

a. Ball Valves
In general, Ball Valves should be used for on/off
type services. Ball valves should not be used for
flow modulation/throttling operation. Ball Valves
in a flammable fluid service should be of a Fire
Safe Design in accordance with the requirements
of either API 6FA (for trunnion ball valves) or
API 607 (for floating ball valves).

b. Butterfly Valves
Butterfly Valves should generally not be used in
produced fluid service. Butterfly Valves should
only be used in ASME Class 150 service, unless
they are not required to provide tight shut off.
Butterfly valves 8 and larger are usually gear
operated, below 8 is equipped with locking
lever.

c. Check Valves
Check Valves should not be installed in vertical
down flow. For pulsating gas or liquid service, a
piston type check valve or a special check valve
designed similarly to a reciprocating compressor
suction valve shall be used. Recently wafer check
valves are more frequently used rather than
swing check valves, concerning the save of space
and weight.

d. Gate Valves
The gate valve is primarily a shut/open valve
used for isolation purpose. Gate Valves should be
used for small drain and vent valves, where the
valve would be socket welded or seal welded.
Gate valves are not recommended for throttling
purposes

e. Globe Valves
Globe Valves are generally used in throttling
services, such as bypasses around control valves,
in drain lines, and for sample connections. The
main advantage of this valve, in addition to its
compact design, is its ability to be used for
throttling and its tight shutoff features. Globe
Valves larger than 6" in size should be avoided,
except in special circumstances.




Teddy-6
5. Example of Piping Specification

Below is the example of how the piping specification is
developed. Given the following data:

Fluid Service: Hydrocarbons (Gas or Liquid), 1.5 mm
Corrosion Allowance.
Pressure (Ope/Des) : 50/150 psig.
Temperature (Ope/Des) : -50/200
0
F.
Task: Develop the piping specification based on the above
information!

a. Piping Material
As piping system will be subjected to low
temperature service, low temperature carbon steel
(LTCS) base material will be sufficient. Form
Table.1 we find the best material for this application
i s A-333 Gr. 6 pipe, A-420 WP L-6 fittings, A-350
LF-2 Flange, A-320-L7 Bolts, and A-194-4 Nuts.


b. Pressure-Temperature Rating
Discover from Table 1 ASME B16.5, A-350 LF-
2 flange is in Group 1.1 materials, and from
Table 2-1.1 we take the following values:

Pressure
(psig)
285 285 260 245
Temperature
(
0
F)
- +100 +200 +250

It is clear that the design and operating pressure
condition is within the permitted MAWP of
flange. We will follow the full rating philosophy
and take the highest MAWP as inputted pressure
for wall thickness calculation. This will ensure
that if the upset condition occurs, the piping will
not rupture.



c. Wall Thickness Calculation.
Corrosion allowance 1.5 mm (c)
Internal design pressure 1.97 N/mm
2
(P) 285 psig
Design temperature -45.5/121 Deg.C. -50/250Deg.F
Material specification LTCS, ASTM A-333 Gr. 6
Allowable stress (B31.3) 137.9 N/mm
2
(S) 20 ksi
Longitudinal weld factor (B31.3) 1 (E)
Y Coefficient (B31.3) 0.4 (Y)
CALCULATION
t = P x Do Do = Outside diameter of pipe in mm.
2(SE + PY)
t = Thickness required due to design pressure
NB 1/2" 3/4" 1" 11/2" 2" 3" 4" 6" 8"
Do mm 21.3 26.7 33.4 48.3 60.3 88.9 114.3 168.3 219.1
t + c mm 1.65 1.69 1.74 1.84 1.93 2.13 2.31 2.70 3.06
tm = 8/7 (t + c) mm 1.89 1.93 1.99 2.11 2.20 2.44 2.64 3.08 3.49
Actual Schl. 80 80 80 80 STD STD STD STD 20
Actual W/T
mm (Table 3) 3.73 3.91 4.55 5.08 3.91 5.49 6.02 7.11 6.35

NB 10" 12" 14" 16" 18" 20" 24"
Do mm 273.0 323.8 355.6 406.4 457.2 508.0 609.6
t + c mm 3.44 3.80 4.03 4.39 4.75 5.11 5.83
tm = 8/7 (t + c) mm 3.93 4.34 4.60 5.01 5.43 5.84 6.66
Actual Schl. 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
Actual W/T
mm (Table 3) 6.35 6.35 7.92 7.92 7.92 9.52 9.52

Teddy-7

It should be noted that for hydrocarbon services, threaded
connections will not be used. Furthermore, Sch.20 for
NPS 8-24 in may possibly be harder to be found
immediately in the market, Sch.40 or STD is
recommended as optional.

The comprehensive piping specification for above
application is then presented as per Attachment.

6. Reference

[1] ASME B16.5a-1998 Pipe Flange and Flanged
Fittings.
[2] ASME B31.3-2002 Process Piping.
[3] ASME B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel
Pipe.
[4] Escoe, Keith A., 1986, Mechanical Design of Process
System, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston.
[5] Kannappan, Sam., 1985, Introduction to Pipe Stress
Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, Toronto.
[6] Kentish, D.N.W., 1982, Industrial Pipework,
McGraw Hill, London.
[7] Sherwood, David R., Whistance, Dennis J., 1976,
The Piping Guide, Syentek Book Company Inc, San
Fransisco.

7. Bibliography

Teddy was born in Tanjung karang,
Indonesia, on May 14, 1978. He obtained
his BS.c in Mechanical Engineering, from
Gadjah Mada University (UGM),
Yogyakarta on 2001 with cum laude. He is
currently working for PT Ceria Worley (Worley
International, Ltd subsidiary), a leading Engineering
Consultant in Oil & Gas Industries as Mechanical/Piping
Engineer with particular specialization in pipe stress
analysis calculation.























































Teddy-8


7. Attachment

Table 1. Material selection


Table 2. Duplex Material
Pipe Fittings Flange
A-790 UNS S31803
A-182 Gr. F51 or
Seamless A-815 UNS
S31803
A-182 Gr. F51



Table 3. Pipe Schedule



Teddy-9



Table 4 Example of Overall Piping Specification









1/2 3/4 1 1 1/2 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 24
80 80 80 80 STD STD STD STD 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
150lb RF SW A 350 LF2
30" 24" 20" 18" 16" 14" 12" 10" 8" 6" 4" 3" 2" 1.1/2" 1" 3/4" 1/2"
1/2" SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL RT RT RT T
B 3/4" SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL RT RT T
R 1" SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL RT T
A 1.1/2 SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL SL T
N 2" W W W W W W W W W W RT RT T
C 3" W W W W W W W W W RT RT T
H 4" W W W W W W W W RT RT T
6" W W W W W W RT RT RT T
S 8" W W W W RT RT RT RT T
I 10" W W RT RT RT RT RT T
Z 12" W RT RT RT RT RT T RT = REDUCING TEE
E 14" W RT RT RT RT T T = STRAIGHT TEE
16" RT RT RT RT T W = WELDOLET
18" RT RT RT T SL = SOCKOLET
20" RT RT T
24" RT T
30" T
Diameter
Schedule
Matr'l
PIPING SPECIFICATION
Fittings
Flanges
Ball Valves
Check Valves
Gaskets
Bolting
H E A D E R S I Z E
Service:
LEGEND BRANCH SCHEDULE
1/8 Thick Flexitallic Style CGI, Spiral Wound, Teflon Filled, 316 SS Windings, per ASME B16.20
Studs Studs A320-L7, Nuts A194-4
A352 LC1 Body, Trim
F316, OS&Y, Flanged
Class 800lb, SW, A350
LF2, Stellite Coated,
piston type, horizontal lift
A352 LC1 Body, Trim stellite coated for 2" to 4", F316 for diameter 6" and above,
Dual plate (wafer type)
Class 800lb, SW, A350
LF2 Stellite Coated,
OS&Y
Gate Valves
Globe Valves
285
-50
285 245
250
Class 800lb SW, A350
LF2 316 Trim, PTFE
Seals, Floating Ball
A350 LF2 or A352 LC1 Body, A350 LF2 Ball, PTFE Seals, Flanged, Gearbox for
8" and above. Floating balls for diameter up to 6" and trunion for 8" and above
Class 800lb, SW, A350
LF2 Stellite Coated,
OS&Y
A352 LC1 Body, Trim stellite coated for 2" to 4", F316 for diameter 6" and above,
OS&Y, Flanged, Gearbox for diameter 14" and above
A420 WP L-6 BW as per pipe schedule
150lb RF WN A 350 LF-2 as per pipe schedule
1.5 mm
LTCS
CLASS :
A-333 Gr6 SAW
100% radiography
100
Hydrocarbons
ASTM A 333 Gr.6 Smls
3000# SW A-350 LF2
P
i
p
e
s
260
200
Material :
C.A :
ASME 150
Pressure/Temperature Limits:
Press(psig)
Temp(deg.F)

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen