3 G

WiMAX and 3G Cellular:
Competitive or
Complementary?
Mohamed K. Nezami, Ph.D., KI4CUA
Princess Sumaya University for Technology
Amman , Jordan
DRAFT
E-mail: mnezami@psut.edu.jo
Ph. 0777-38390
M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007
Source [ ]
Presentation Outline
Legacy Wireless Networks (1st, 2nd, 2.5, and 3rd
Generation).
Formation of the Fourth Generation Wireless Networks.
Emerging Wireless Broad Band Access Networks.
WiMax & 3G.
IP multimedia subsystem (IMS).
Convergence, interoperability, and coexistence.
A look at future 4G Wireless Networks.
DRAFT
Potential new research and business developments.

Israel REMON wireless R&D program
Indias IIT wireless R&D program
Source [ ]
Abstract
DRAFT
The rapid evolution of wireless networking technologies has opened up new

possibilities for wireless delivery of voice and multimedia services. In
addition to the legacy GSM and current third generation (3G) mobile
networks, new broadband wireless access technologies such as PANs,
WLANs, WiMAX, Flash-OFDM, and DVB-H are emerging as alternative
means to provide services to mobile users. These technologies are also
offering possibilities for new players to enter the markets, inducing
competition and possibly threatening the businesses of established players.
For wireless service providing companies, government regulating agencies
and researchers, it is necessary to distinguish between these systems and
to be able to envision their differences and commons. In this presentation
Dr. Mohamed Nezami overviews these systems and the standards and
services that governed their emergence. Then he performs an analysis of
the emerging wireless technologies such as 3G and WiMax and their
m arket potential and their technical challenges.
Source [ ]
Emerging Applications
Dead !
GSM
1G
GPRS/EDGE
UMTS/WiMax
3G
2G
Video Streaming
Data Transmission Speed - k bps
Video
Conference
(High quality)
384 2,000
Still
Imaging
Audio Streaming
144
Text Messaging
128
Video on
Demand:
Sports, News
Weather
Video
Conference
(Lower quality)
Mobile TV
Image
Video Surveillance,
Video Mail, Travel
Voice
64
Electronic
Newspaper
Voice
Mail
DRAFT
Fax
JPEG
Still Photos
Electronic
Publishing
32
Remote
Medical
Service
(Medical
image)
Karaoke
E-Commerce
Mobile
Radio
E-Mail
9.6
Telephone
(Voice)
Data
Weather, Traffic, News,
Sports, Stock updates
Audio
Voice-driven Web Pages
Streaming Audio
Source [ ]
DRAFT
Source [ ]
DRAFT
Talk, listen, watch,

command, surf, play, ..
Source [ ]
Higher Speed Demand
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Coverage (Range)
Current Wireless International Standards
DRAFT
802.11 (WLAN),
802.15 (WPAN),
Wireline
Portable
Low Mobility
High Mobility
802.16 (WMAN).
Source [ ]
IEEE802.15 (WPAN)
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Wireless Local Area Networks (IEEE802.11 WLAN)
802.11n
>100MbPS
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Coverage and Mobility of current Systems
802.20
10km
100m
3G Cellular
1km
802.16e
2G/2.5G Cellular
Coverage
802.16
HSDPA/
HSUPA
802.16d
802.11
WLAN
DRAFT
10m
Bluetooth
802.15.3a (UWB)
0.1
10
100
Data Rate (Mbps)

Source [ ]
Coverage and Mobility of Current Systems
DRAFT
Stationary
802.16e
802.15.3a
(UWB)
802.16d
802.11 WLAN
802.15 WPAN
(Bluetooth)
0.1
HSDPA
3G Cellular
Mobility
Nomadic
2G/2.5G Cellular
802.20
Vehicular
Link Bit Rate Mbps

1
10
802.16
100
Source [ ]
Coverage and Mobility of current Systems
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Optical Connection to Homes

Bandwidth
Portable
Wireline
1 Gbps
Low Mobility High Mobility
100 Mbps
1 Mbps
10 kbps
ISDN
POTS
DRAFT
100 kbps
Fiber
VDSL2
ADSL, ADSL2,
ADSL2+
10 Mbps
WLAN,
WiMax
HSD
P
A
UMT
S
150-250
Km/hr
EDGE+GPRS
GSM+GPRS
Mobility
Source [ ]
Legacy Wireless Networks: 2G & 1G
DRAFT
GSM: Global System of Mobile communications/ 1992

GPRS peak data rates of 140 kbps; EDGE data rates
of 384kbps
Difficult costly to 3G and International Roaming is
available
CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access: IS-95/1993

Peak data rate of 14.4kpbs
Difficult costly evolution to 3G limited to USA and
Korea
Source [ ]
WCDMA (UMTS) with HSDPA
HSDPA : High-Speed Downlink Packet Access

Peak data-rate per sector :
DL > 14.4 Mbps

UL > 2.0 Mbps
LTE > 70Mbps

DRAFT
WCDMA=UMTS=IMT2000=3G
Source [ ]
Evolution of WLAN IEEE802.11x
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Evolution of WLAN IEEE802.11x
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Current View of Wireless Runners
Wi-Fi
Mature technology
but limited coverage
WiMAX
Larger coverage
but limited mobility
DRAFT
Mobile-Fi
Promises everything
3G/HSDPA
Full mobility
but lower speed
4G
Source [ ]
Transmission Technology behind WiMax and 4G
FDM
OFDM
DRAFT
OFDM uses bandwidth which

is not available for use in
traditional FDM
Source [ ]
10
Principle of WiMax
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Performance of Current Wireless Runners
Bandwidth
802.11
WiFi
802.16
WiMAX
802.20
Mobile-FI
UMTS
3G R99
11-54 Mbps shared
Share up to 70 Mbps
Up to 1.5 Mbps each
384 Kbps 2 Mbps
DRAFT
Range (LOS)
Range (NLOS)
100 meters
30 meters
30 50 km
2 - 5 km (07)
3 8 km
Coverage is overlaid
on wireless
infrastructure
Mobility
Portable
Fixed (Mobile - 16e)
Full mobility
Full mobility
Frequency/
Spectrum
2.4 GHz for 802.11b/g

5.2 GHz for 802.11a
2-11 GHz for 802.16a

11-60 GHz for 802.16
<3.5 GHz
Existing wireless
spectrum
Licensing
Unlicensed
Both
Licensed
Licensed
Standardization
802.11a, b and g
standardized
802.16, 802.16a and 802.16

REVd standardized, other
under development
802.20 in
development
Part of GSM
standard
Availability
In market today
Products 2H05
Standards coming
Product late 06
CW in 6+ cities
Backers
Industry-wide
Intel, Fujitsu, Alcatel,

Siemens, BT, AT&T,
Qwest, McCaw
Cisco, Motorola,
Qualcom and
Flarion
GSM Wireless
Industry
Source [ ]
11
Coverage and Throughput of Current Systems
DRAFT
BlueTooth
802.11a/b/g
WiFi
802.11n
WWiSE
TGnSync
802.16a
WiMax
802.16e
WiMax
Mobile
2G, 2.5G,
3G
Range
<10m
100m
100m
50 km
< 5 km
< 10K
Status
Mature
Widely
deployed
emerging
Std.
Pre-std.
mature
Freq.
2.4
Ghz
2.4, 5.8 Ghz
2.4 Ghz
2-11
Ghz
2-6
Ghz
869894 Mhz
Speeds
Low kbps
Very high,
11-55 Mbps
Very high,
100 Mbps
Medhigh, 110
Mbps
Medhigh, ~1
Mbps
Low-high,
kbps Mbps
App.
Phone
Laptop
PDA
PC
Local Area
Network,
laptop, PDA
Local
Area
Network,
laptop,
PDA
Metro
B-band
Metro
Mobile
Internet
Cellular
Source [ ]

802.15 (Bluetooth 1.1)
802.11b (WLAN)
Frequenza di
lavoro
2.4 GHz (ISM)
2.4-2.4835GHz
Raggio
Fino a 10m (Short-range, NLOS

Piconet)
<100m
Bit Rate
Fino a 1 Mbps
Potenza
Scalabilit
QoS
Tre classi di potenza <1mW, <2,5mW

e <100mW
802.11a/g (WLAN)
802.11a 2.4 GHz 802.11b,g
Unlicensed
802.16 - 2004 (WiMAX)

2-11 GHz Licensed/Unlicensed
< 100m
Fino a 50km, dimensione media di

cella 6-9km (NLOS)
Fino a 11.5Mbps
54Mbps di picco
Fino a 75 Mbps in canali da 20MHz
<100mW
<100mW Indoor & outdoor 802.11g

<200mW Indoor & <1000mW outdoor
802.11a
1W-3W
23 canali in 802.11a e 3 canali in

802.11g
Allocazione di banda flessibile e

pianificazione di celle semplice
802.11e sviluppa lo standard attualmente no QoS
QoS inclusa nel livello MAC
Piconetcom: nodo master e massimo 13 canali parzialmente sovrapposti,

7 nodi slave. Usa 79 canali con
ognuno largo 22 MHz, utilizzanti la
frequency hopping, ciascuno di banda
modulazione DSSS - Direct
1 MHz
Sequence Spread Spectrum
Usa uno schedulatore Round-robin o
802.11e sviluppa lo standard schedulatori costruiti ad hoc
attualmente no QoS
802.16e (WiMAX)
5 GHz
802.20 (MobileFi)
WCDMA (UMTS)
DRAFT
2-6 GHz Licensed bands ( < 6 GHz)
< 3,5 GHz Licensed
1,920 2,170 GHz
Accesso MAN, NLOS, roaming

locale/regionale utilizzando impianti
802.16-2004
Accesso MAN > 15 km, NLOS,

roaming e mobilit
WAN con dimensione media cella

500-1000m
Fino a 75Mbps downstream
> 4Mbps (picco DL aggregato per

cella) >800kbps (picco UL aggregato
per cella)
384kbps mobile e 2Mbps stanziale
TBD
500mW
125mW-2W
Compatibile con tecniche di accesso

fisse
Banda di canale 1.25 MHz (2x1.25

MHz paired FDD, 2.5 MHz unpaired
TDD), Tipicamente < 5 MHz
Cellulare con 5MHz carrier
QoS inclusa nel livello MAC
Allo studio
QoS garantita
Source [ ]
12
Comparison of Complimentary Standards
DRAFT
802.15.1
(Bluetooth
1.1)
802.11a/g
(WLAN)
802.16a
(WiMAX)
802.16e
(WiMAX)
802.20
Comments
Frequency
2.4 GHz
ISM band
5 GHz 802.11a
2.4 GHz 802.11b,g
Unlicensed
2-11 GHz
Licensed/Unlice
nsed
2-6 GHz
Licensed bands ( < 6
GHz)
< 3.5 GHz

Licensed
802.16e is a mobility
adjunct to high-data rate
fixed service, symmetric
data with local/Regional
mobility. Vehicular speeds
of 120-150 km/h
Range
Up to 10m
Short-range,
NLOS Piconet
Sub 100m
Up to 50km,
Avg. cell size: 69km,
NLOS, optional
STC
Metropolitan Area
Access, NLOS,
Local/Regional
roaming support and
deployable in existing
16a footprint
Metropolitan Area
Access, > 15 kms,
NLOS, ubiquitous
MAN, global mobility
and roaming
Typical cellular?
802.20 fully mobile,

250km/h, high throughput,
symmetric data service
suitable for high-speed
trains
Bit Rate
Up to 1 Mbit/s
Peak 54 Mb/s
Up to 74.7
Mbit/s in 20
MHz channels
High-data rate fixed

wireless user with
adjunct mobility
service
>4 Mbps (DL peak

aggregate/cell)
>800 kbps (UL peak
aggregate/cell)
Power
< 30mA
< 350mA
Scalability
Piconet with
master and up to
7 slaves. Uses
79, 1 MHz
Channels for
frequency
hopping
Channel BW is 20
MHz wide and cell
planning is
constrained
QoS
M.K.
Uses basic
No QoS support.
Round-robin
802.11e working to
Scheduler or
standardize
custom-built
Nezami,
Ph.D./2007
schedulers
TBD
TBD
TBD
Flexible ch. BW
to accommodate
license &
license-exempt
bands
Easy cell
planning
Channel BW >5 MHz

Optimized for and
backwards
compatible with Fixed
Stations
Channel BW is 1.25
MHz (2x1.25 MHz
paired FDD, 2.5
MHz unpaired TDD),
Typically < 5 MHz
802.16a limited by
available spectrum (150
MHz in 2.5 GHz, 12 MHz in
2.1 GHz)
802.16 has large blocks on
the order of 1 GHz+
QoS built into

MAC
Voice/video,
Differentiated
services
Channelization and
control for multimedia
services with QoS
Under Study!
802.16a: grant request

MAC
802.11: contention based
[MAC
]
Source
DRAFT
Source [ ]
13
Spectrum Allocation
Providing affordable coverage is crucial in wireless telecommunications
Lower frequencies are best for lower coast circuits
WCDMA
2.1
TD-SCDMA
2.1
GSM
900
CDMA
1.7
CDMA
800
GSM
1.8
CDMA
450
1GHz
802.15.1
Bluetooth
2.4
CDMA
1.9
802.11 b, g
Wi-Fi
2.4
2GHz
DRAFT
cdma2000
450, 800, 1.7, 1.9, 2.1
802.15.3a
UWB
3.1-10.6
802.16
LMDS
28-29
802.11 a, e
Wi-Fi
5.0
5GHz
29GHz
11GHz
802.16a, e 802.16a, e
WiMAX
WiMAX
5.8
2-11
Licensed
Unlicensed
Licensed &
Unlicensed
Licensed Spectrum vs Unlicensed Spectrum

The
use
of unlicensed spectrum creates interference
issues
Source [ ]
UMTS (3G) Spectrum 2005 - 2007
DRAFT
Source [ ]
14
WiMax Spectrum by Region 2005 - 2007
2.3, 2.5, 3.5,

5.8 GHz
2.5, 3.5,
5.8 GHz
2.3, 2.5, 3.5,

5.8 GHz
2.3, 2.5, 3.7,

5.8 GHz
2.3, 2.5, 3.3,
3.5, 5.8 GHz
3.5, 5.8 GHz
DRAFT
2.5, 3.5,
5.8 GHz
Expect
ExpectWiMAX
WiMAXdeployments
deployments
Also
Alsoatat~~700
700MHz
MHz
Source [ ]
WiMax Spectrum by Region 2005 - 2007
Favored frequencies
2.3 GHz - 2.5 GHz : Mobile services
3.5 GHz : Fixed services
DRAFT
700MHz ???
Source: IDATE
Source [ ]
15
WiMax Spectrum
Licensed
Licensed
License
Exempt
2.5 GHz
3.5 GHz
5.8 GHz
Mobile
Fixed / Nomadic
(mobile)
Fixed / Nomadic
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Evolutions of Current
Standards Toward 3G
DRAFT
Source [ ]
16
Evolutions of Current Standards Toward 3G

2G
1994
1998
IS-95A
IS-95B
IS-2000
(cdma2000 1x)
DRAFT
GSM
1997
2000
2003
IS-856
Rev 0
(1xEV-DO)
Standards Completion
Dates (or expected
completion dates) shown
in RED
1989
IS-2000
Rev C
(1xEV-DV)
IS-2000
Rev A
1999
Future
Evolution
Evolved 3G
Initial 3G
IS-2000 *
Rev D
(1xEV-DV)
2004
2005
2006
IS-856
Rev B
(1xEV-DO)
IS-856
Rev A
(1xEV-DO)
2007
IS-856
Rev C
(1xEV-DO)
IS-1006-A
IS-1006
(BCMCS) (EBCMCS)
R99
(UMTS)
Rel5
(HSDPA)
1999
2002
Rel6
(E-DCH,
MBMS)
2008+
Rel7
(Enhanced
HSDPA)
Rel8
HSPA+?
LTE?
1998
Rel97 Rel98
(GPRS) (AMR)
2006
2005
R99
Jordan
2007 Ph.D./2007(EDGE)
M.K. In
Nezami,
Rel 6
(SAIC)
2007
Rel7
(GERAN
Source
[]
Enhancements
)
Evolutions of Current Standards Toward 4G

2000~2002
2003~2004
2Mbps/2Mbps
2005~2006
2Mbps/14.4Mbps
30Mbps
WCDMA(R5)
HSDPA
WCDMA(R6)
HSUPA
WCDMA
Cellular
Based
(3GPP,
3GPP2)
153kbps/
307kbps
EV-DO
153kbps/2.4Mbps
1.8Mbps/3.1Mbps
EV-DO
Rev. A
cdma2000 1x
1.8Mbps/4.9Mbps*
100Mbps
802.11n
DRAFT
11Mbps
54Mbps
802.11b
802.11a/g
Internet
Based
(IEEE)
EV-DO
Rev. B
3G LTE
HSOPA
EV-DO
Rev. C
4G
6Mbps/18.4Mbps
100Mbps
WiBro
802.20
75Mbps(Fixed)
802.16a/b/d
2008~2010
Harmonization
802.16e
Source [ ]
17
Evolutions of Current Standards to Beyond 4G
WLAN
WLAN
WCDMA
WCDMA
GSM
GSM
384kbps - 2 Mbps
1xRTT
1xRTT
3.1 Mbps
144 kbps
DRAFT
Bluetooth
Bluetooth
1.1
1.1
802.11g
802.11g
1xEV-DV
1xEV-DV
1xEV-DO
1xEV-DO
802.20
802.20
WiMAX
WiMAX
2-155 Mbps
At 10-60GHz
802.16-2004
802.16-2004
(802.16REVd)
(802.16REVd)
54 Mbps
At 2,4 GHz
WRAN
WRAN
80.22
80.22
802.16e
802.16e
2-75 Mbps
18 Mbps?
100+ Mbps
802.11a
802.11a
54 Mbps
At 5GHz
Bluetooth
Bluetooth 2.0
2.0
EDR
EDR
Bluetooth
Bluetooth
1.2
1.2
2,1 Mbps
1 Mbps
802.15.1
802.15.1
Zigbee
Zigbee
Zigbee
Zigbee ++
802.15.4
802.15.4 250 Kbps
1 Mbps
UWB
UWB
802.15.3a
802.15.3a
NG
NG UWB
UWB
100 Mbps+
2005
2005
Cognitive
Cognitive
Radio
Radio
2-4 Mbps?
802.11n
802.11n
WiFi5
WiFi5
721 kbps
2-75 Mbps?
MobileFi
MobileFi
2.4 Mbps
WLL
WLL
11 Mbps
At 2,4 GHz
HSPDA
HSPDA
(UMTSR5)
(UMTSR5) 8-10 Mbps?
384 kbps
EDGE
EDGE
CDMA
CDMA2000
2000
802.16-2001
802.16-2001
802.11b
802.11b
3,5G
3,5G B3G
B3G 4G
4G
(UMTS)
(UMTS)
GPRS
GPRS
115 kbps
AMPS
AMPS
Analog
Analog
WiFi
WiFi
WPAN
WPAN
2G
2G -- 2,5G
2,5G -- 2,75G
2,75G 3G
3G
Increasing Range and Mobility
TACS
TACS
Analog
Analog
BWA
BWA
WWAN
WWAN
1G
1G
2006
2006
480 Mbps
2007+
2007+
Source
[]
iDEN Evolutions
world
GSM
Japan
PDC
U.S.
iDEN
GPRS
EDGE
W-CDMA
HSPDA
AT
&T
NTT DoCoMo
U.S.
DRAFT
U.S./Asia
IS-136
IS-95A
2G
iDEN
packet data
Jordan
Xpress
Is dead!
a
re
Ko
IS-95B
2.5G
cdma2000
3G
1xEV-DV
(1XTREME)
1xEV-DO
(HDR)
Source [ ]
18
Current 3G-GSM integration into an all IP network
v IMS : IP Multimedia SubSystems
Node-B RNC/MSC SGSN GGSN
I-CSCF
BGCF
MGCF
Other IMS
P-CSCF
S-CSCF
BTS BSC/MSC
SGW
IMS-MGW
PDSN
PSTN
DRAFT
MRF
RAN Domain
IMS Domain
Source [ ]
Evolution of 3G Radio Rates

Release '99
Early 3G deployment
Release 5 IMS - IP-based Multimedia Services

HSDPA - High Speed Downlink Packet Access
nd phase of IMS
Release 6 2nd
Many other features designed to exploit multimedia
communications, Internet access
DRAFT
LTE Release TBD ???
3GPP
WCDMA
HSDPA
HSUPA
LTE
Source [ ]
19
Evolution of 3G Radio Rates
Peak Network Data Rates

100000
kbits/sec
10000
1000
UL
DL
100
10
1
DRAFT
GPRS
EDGE
WCDMA
HSPA
HSPA+
LTE
Technology
LTE was initiated to make 3G competitive with WiMax

Source [ ]
3G Long Term Evolution LTE

Physical layer:
Downlink based on OFDMA
OFDMA offers improved spectral efficiency, capacity etc
Uplink based on SC-FDMA

SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited
for uplink from hand-held devices
(battery power considerations)
Access Network consideration:

DRAFT
For the access network it was agreed to get rid of the RNC which
minimized the number of nodes
3GPP
WCDMA
HSDPA
HSUPA
LTE
Source [ ]
20
3G Long Term Evolution LTE
Data rate of 100Mbit/s (downlink)

Cellular VoIP
< 20ms latency
Competes with WiMAX and DVB-H

IP optimize network
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Ready HSDPA Laptops Now Selling !

Fujitsu Lifebook Q2010
Cat 12 HSDPA Laptop

UMTS 2100
Quadband GSM
Dell Latitude 820
Lenovo T60
Cat 12 HSDPA Laptop

UMTS 1900/850
Quadband GSM
Acer 5650
Dell Latitude 620
Cat 12 HSDPA Laptop

UMTS 2100
Quadband GSM
Lenovo X60
DRAFT
Cat 12 HSDPA Laptop
UMTS 2100
Quadband GSM
Cat 12 HSDPA Laptop

UMTS 2100
Triband GSM
Cat 12 HSDPA Laptop

UMTS 2100
Quadband GSM
Source [ ]
21
What is Beyond 3G?

Advanced techniques:
HARQ,
Turbo Coding, LDPC
Advanced Packet
MIMO
Antenna Diversity
Beamforming
AllAll-IP
Link adaptation
Smarter MACs
OFDMA
Scheduling
Inter-cell coordination
etc
Suitable for emerging applications.

IP-based.
Ubiquitous seamless service.
Higher speed.
Crete new technology

Bandwidth request and allocation
DRAFT
Cheaper.
Lower Battery consumption
Source [ ]
Mobile Packet Networks

Service Domain
WiFi/WiMax
Host
Subscriber
Server (HSS)
Emergency
Alert System
(EAS)
IP Multimedia Subsystem
Access Point
Call Session
Control
Function
(CSCF)
Site Router
Base Transceiver
Station (BTS)
Base Station
Controller (BSC)
DRAFT
Base Switching Station

(GSM/EDGE)
Mobile
Switching
Center (MSC)
Transit
Switching
Center (TSC)
PSTN/
ISDN
Media
Gateway
Serving GPRS
Support Node
(SGSN)
Mobile Packet Backbone

Network
Base Transceiver
Station (BTS)
Radio Network
Controller (RNC)
Media
Resource
Function (MRF)
Gateway
GSN
Intranets/
Internet
Multimedia
Gateway
WLAN Access
Server
UTRAN (WCDMA)
M.K. Nezami,
Ph.D./2007
Source [ ]
22
Benefits of 3G, WiFi, and WiMax
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Comparison of 3G, WiFi, and WiMax
DRAFT
Source [ ]
23
WiMax
DRAFT
Source [ ]
WiMAX
Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave

Access
DRAFT
Source [ ]
24
WiMAX Applications
Broadband Internet
Multimedia
IP multimedia subsystem (IMS)
Cellular Alternative
Other emerging data applications
DRAFT
Source [ ]
WiMAX as Cellular Alternative
DRAFT
Support IP by default
VoIP
Source [ ]
25
WiMAX as Cellular Alternative
DRAFT
Source [ ]
The Family of WiMAX standards
WiMAX is a trade name for a group of IEEE wireless

standards. In that respect, WiMAX like Wi-Fi:
Wi-Fi labels IEEE 802.11 (802.11b, 802.11a, and
802.11g., 802.11n) standards,
WiMAX labels 802.16,
Mobile WiMAX labels 802.16e.
DRAFT
Source [ ]
26
802.16(2004) :
DRAFT
2~11/10 66GHz.
line of sight(LOS)
point to multipoint topology
FDD/TDD Link
QoS
120Mbit/son each 25MHz channel.(64QAM)
Single Carrier
Fixed
max 50Km Radius
Source [ ]

802.16a
2 11GHz, 75Mbps
mesh (without relaying by base station)
OFDM
Not LOS
802.16e(2005.09) : Physical and Medium Access Control

Layers for Combined Fixed and
Mobile Operation in Licensed Bands
Mobile WirelessMAN
2~6GHz, 15Mbps
3~5Km cell radius
NLOS
DRAFT
Source [ ]
27
WiBro (Korea)
2.3GHz Licenced Band
OFDMA PHY
60Km/h
Hard HandoverNLOS
DRAFT
Source [ ]
IEEE 802.16-2004 Fixed WiMax

IEEE 802.16-2004 is a fixed wireless access technology,
meaning that it is designed to serve as a wireless DSL
replacement technology, to compete with the incumbent DSL or
broadband cable providers or to provide basic voice and
broadband access in underserved areas where no other
access technology exists:
DRAFT
Developing countries
Rural areas (DSLAMs does not make sense)
backhaul for WiFi access points or potentially for cellular
networks,
Can be used to provide much higher data rates and
therefore be used as a T-1 replacement option for highvalue corporate subscribers.
Wireless backhaul in a Wi-Fi network.
Source [ ]
28
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL):
ADSL technology can deliver data upstream 640

kbps and downstream more than 6 mbps.
ADSL uses that portion of the telephone lines
bandwidth that is not utilized by voice, allowing
for simultaneous voice and data transmission.
DRAFT
Source [ ]
IEEE 802.16e Mobile WiMax
IEEE 802.16e is intended to offer a key feature that

802.16-2004 lacks - portability and mobility. This
standard requires a new hardware/software solution
since it is not backward compatible with 802.16-2004
DRAFT
Source [ ]
29
IEEE 802.16-2004
Licensed
The licensed spectrum is found at 700MHz, 2.3GHz,
2.5GHz and 3.5GHz, with the latter two
frequency bands currently receiving the most
attention.
Unlicensed
In most markets, the unlicensed spectrum that could
be used for WiMAX is 2.4GHz and 5.8GHz.
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Broadband Market
DRAFT
Source [ ]
30
Broadband Market
DRAFT
Source [ ]
802.16 for Broadband Wireless Access
DSL complement
DSL is not available, e.g. poor copper infrastructure
DSL OPEX too high, e.g. low population density
Central Office is too far away for DSL
CLEC bypassing incumbent
802.16
DSL competition
If DSL is available, hard to beat
DRAFT
Source [ ]
31
ADSL2/ADSL2+/VDSL2 Facts
Data Rate, Mbps
>100
VDSL2
28
13
ADSL2+
ADSL
ADSL
Basis
Basis for
for the
the first
first commercial
commercial solution
solution
ADSL2
ADSL2
Boosts
Boosts performance:13
performance:13 Mbps
Mbps // 33 Mbps
Mbps (DS/US)
(DS/US)
provides
provides service
service over
over longer
longer loop
loop lengths
lengths
Approx.
Approx. 500
500 m
m more
more compared
compared with
with G992.1
G992.1
Annex
Annex LL even
even more
more on
on long
long loop
loop lengths
lengths
ADSL2+
ADSL2+
Boosts
Boosts performance
performance even
even more
more
Up
Up to
to 28
28 Mbps
Mbps // 33 Mbps
Mbps (DS/US)
(DS/US)
ADSL2+
ADSL2+ relevant
relevant for
for loop
loop lengths
lengths up
up to
to 22 km
km
VDSL2
VDSL2
Superior
Superior within
within 1500m
1500m range
range
ITU
ITU standard
standard from
from May
May 2005
2005
DRAFT
ADSL2
8
ADSL
1 Km
2 Km
3 Km
4 Km
5 Km
6 Km
7 Km
Length, Km
Source [ ]
ADSL2/ADSL2+/VDSL2 Facts
DRAFT
Source [ ]
32
IEEE 802.16 Operation
A WiMAX tower, similar in concept to
A WiMAX Receiver The receiver and antenna could be

a small box or PCMCIA card, or they could be built into
a laptop the way WiFi access is today
DRAFT
a cell-phone tower
Source [ ]
WiMAX Vision
DRAFT
Source [ ]
33
WiMAX Vision
Metro Govt
WiFi Hotzone
Urban
DSL/T1
Replacement
WiFi
04
6-20
802.1
WiFi
WiFi
04
802.16-20
WiFi
WiFi
04
- 20
.16
2
0
8
WiFi
WiFi
802
.16e
WCDM
A
Rural
WCDM 802.
16e
A
DRAFT
Rural
Rural
Broadband
Rural
WCDM
Cellular
Operator Data
Overlay
Source [ ]
WiMAX Vision
BROADBAND WIRELESS ACCESS
802.16/a
Backhaul
WiFi
802.16
LOS to fixed
outdoor
antenna
Fixed Wireless Access:

WiFi
802.16a
DSL to homes
and business
DRAFT
NLOS to fixed
outdoor
antenna
802.16e
NLOS to MSS
(laptop/PDA..
)
802.16a
WiFi
NLOS to
fixed Indoor
antenna
MSS: Mobile Subscriber Station; LOS: Line of Sight; NLOS: Non Line of Sight
Source [ ]
34
WiMAX Vision
WiWi-Fi
Nomadic
Broadband
Broadband
Access
for Enterprise
complementary to
3G, EDGE & WiFi
802.16-2004
802.16-e
Broadband Access
for Public hotspots
802.16-2004
WiWi-Fi
Broadband
Access @ Home
DRAFT
complementary
to DSL & Cable
802.16-2004
WiFi
*Other brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
Source [ ]
WiMAX Vision
DRAFT
Source [ ]
35
WiMAX Vision
DRAFT
Source [ ]
WiMAX Vision
DRAFT
Source [ ]
36
WiMAX Vision
DRAFT
Source [ ]
WiMAX Vision
DRAFT
Source [ ]
37
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Migration of WiMAX
Data Rate
Standard
Maturing
Standard
Maturing
Fixed WiMAX
IEEE 802.16d
2005
DRAFT
Portable WiMAX
Nomadic WiMAX
IEEE 802.16d/e
2006?
Mobile WiMAX
IEEE 802.16e
2007?
Mobility
Source [ ]
38
Mobile WiMAX
DRAFT
IEEE 802.16e
2-3km coverage
High speed hand over
(< 50ms latencies)
Ensures performance at
vehicular speeds greater
than >120km/h
< 30Mbps for downlink
< 15Mbps for uplink
Source [ ]
Fixed and Mobile WiMAX

WiMAX Fixed / Nomadic
802.16d or 802.16-2004
Usage: Backhaul, Wireless DSL
Devices: outdoor and indoor
installed CPE
Frequencies: 2.5GHz, 3.5GHz
and 5.8GHz (Licensed and LE)
Description: wireless connections
to homes, businesses, and other
WiMAX or cellular network towers
WiMAX Mobile
802.16e
Usage: Long-distance mobile
wireless broadband
Devices: PC Cards, Notebooks
and future handsets
Frequencies: 2.5GHz
Description: Wireless connections
to laptops, PDAs and handsets
when outside of Wi-Fi hotspot
coverage
DRAFT
Source [ ]
39
Performance WiMAX standards
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Comparison of WiMAX, WiFi and 3G Technology
DRAFT
Source [ ]
40
The Comparison with HSDPA

802.16-2004
802.16e
HSDPA
DRAFT
Data Rate
75 Mbps/20MHz
15 Mbps/5MHz
14.4Mbps/5MHz
Cell Radius
5 km
5 km
2 km
Mobility
Portable
Up to 100 km/hr
Up to 120 km/hr
Freq. Allocation
2~11GHz
2~6GHz
1.9~2.2GHz
Spectral Efficiency 3.75 bps/Hz
3 bps/Hz
2.9 bps/Hz
Access Tech.
OFDM
OFDM/OFDMA
CDMA
Modulation
BPSK, QPSK,
16QAM, 64QAM
BPSK, QPSK,
16QAM, 64QAM
BPSK, QPSK,
16QAM
Source [ ]
The Comparison with WiBro
IEEE 802.16-2004
IEEE 802.16e
WiBro
DRAFT
Frequency
Range
2 GHz to 66GHz
2 GHz-11GHz
2.3 GHz to 2.4 GHz
Modulation
BPSK (pilot), QPSK,

16QAM, 64 QAM
BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM,

64 QAM
QPSK (8PSK), 16QAM,

64 QAM
Multiple Access
TDMA, OFDM, 256 FFT,

OFDMA, SC
Scalable OFDMA 128

to 2048 FFT, TDMA,
OFDM 256 FFT, SC
OFDMA 1024 FFT
Duplex
TDD/FDD
TDD/FDD
TDD
Sample
Frequency
3.5 MHz, 7 MHz
5 MHz, 10MHz
10 MHz
Peak Data Rate
134 Mbit/s SC (28 MHz

channel bandwith)
75 Mbit/s OFDM
15 Mbit (in 5 MHz

channel)
30 Mbit/s (60 Mbit/s

with smart
antenna/MIMO)
Mobility
100 km/h
100 km/h
Guard Interval
1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32
1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32
1/8
Source [ ]
41
Mobile WiMAX is a couple of years ahead of LTE
DRAFT
LTE is the technology that is closer to WiMAX

but direct comparison is yet premature
Source [ ]
WiMAX Aspect
The advantage compare with WiFi

Coverage wider Nomadic
Capacity and throughout higher
Replace DSL in suburban
Backhaul solution
DRAFT
The disadvantage compare With

WiFi
PWLAN had existed
Complete WiFi chains
WiFi low cost
WiMAX portable
WiMAX CPE cost still high
The advantage compare with

HSDPA
Coverage wider
The mobility is Similar to
HSDPA
The disadvantage compare With

HSDPA
Complete HSDPA Chains
HSDPA could upgrade from
WCDMA
There were already 82 WCDMA
Networks
There were already48 HSPDA
Networks
Source [ ]
42
Concluding Remarks
3G will stay, WiMAX will make personal broadband a reality

WiMAX will capture a market different from 3G
Emerging markets will be at the forefront
3G operators will not, for once, be first adopters
WiMAX is designed to cover large area (multiple homes/buildings),
while Wi-Fi is to cover small area (a home/building)
3G has a current time-to-market advantage for mobility solutions.

Proprietary vs. 802.16g based solutions will determine how long it
takes to incorporate mobility into 802.16.
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Concluding Remarks
DRAFT
WiMAX was not developed to compete with cellular voice market.

Delivers wireless broadband anytime, anywhere.
Internet technology from the ground up.
One common standard delivers a global platform for mobile Internet services
3G and WiMAX will compete, but also have to coexist
The technology roadmap for cellular and WiMAX is converging fast towards OFDMA,
IP core, IMS
Will we be able to keep cellular and WiMAX apart?
3G and WiMAX differ in their approach to wireless data:
3G is a voice technology moving towards data
WiMAX is a data technology moving towards mobility
Both 3G and WiMAX meet the requirements for wireless broadband
Performance differences will not decide which technology is adopted and where
The challenge for service providers is to understand which technology is better suited
to their needs
Source [ ]
43
Concluding Remarks
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Concluding Remarks
DRAFT
Source [ ]
44
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Who Will Deploy WiMax

Personal broadband
Fixed broadband
Mobile operators with a 3G network : extend offering of wireless

broadband to include fixed wireless broadband. Relationship with
RBOCs may make this difficult
Mobile broadband
Mobile operators with a 3G
network: provide increased capacity
for data users. No need for extra
capacity in the next few years
(or easier to add capacity to existing
networks)
DSL incumbents: DSL fill-in strategy.

May not be cost effective
DSL incumbents: offer wireless broadband as an add-on,

and improve DSL coverage. Relationship with mobile
operator may make this move difficult
MSOs: 1. cable modem fill-in strategy.

May not be cost effective
2. Enter the business data market
MSOs: Extend bundling of services to mobile data, without

need of MVNO deal. Offer BWA where cable modem is not
available
DRAFT
New entrants, ISPs, IXCs, national carriers: facilities-based approach, offer
fixed and mobile services on own infrastructrure. Significant funding required
Source [ ]
45
Wireless IP multimedia subsystem

(IMS)
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Source [ ]
DRAFT
46
IMS Architecture
Service Network
User / Session
Mgmt
Applications
Control
Charging
IMS
Application
Application
Application
IMS
TeS
Telephony
Softswitch
Connectivity
PSTN
Mobile
Softswitch
MGW
BRAS
Access
PLMN
IP Backbone
MGW
Fixed Broadband
Access
GGSN
AN
2G/3G
DRAFT
WLAN
RNC
BSC
Source [ ]
What is IMS?
DRAFT
3GPP IMS standards define a network domain

dedicated to the control and integration of multimedia
services.
IMS is defined by 3GPP from Release 5 onwards

(2002).
IMS is an Open-systems architecture that supports a

range of IP-based services over both wireless and fixed
access technologies.
Source [ ]
47
What is IMS? User prospective
DRAFT
Imagine starting a voice call on you home phone and

transferring it seamlessly to your mobile as you drive to work.
Imagine sending a multimedia message from your car that
later appears on your TV screen.
Imagine watching a movie on that same TV, pausing it in midshow and then watching it on a wireless PDA as you relax in
the garden.
Imagine having a cell phone conversation with two or three
friends and simultaneously sharing a video of the football
match you are attending.
Imagine that all of the above can be done with a single account,
on a single log-in with multiple devices over any number of
access networks.
These are only a few examples of seamless multimedia
services that IMS will allow users to access anywhere at
anytime
Source [ ]
What is IMS? Provider prospective
DRAFT
Imagine a network that allows operators to reduce CAPEX

though shared functionality and re-use of infrastructure for
multiple services.
Imagine a network that allow Operators to reduce OPEX
through simplified architecture and that same re-use of
infrastructure for multiple services.
Imagine a network that allows Operators to mix and match
services to address specific market segments and enable rapid
deployment of new products.
Imagine a network that will allow operators to open up their
networks to 3rd parties in order to enhance tailored services to
their customers, and limit loss of customers to competitors
Imagine a network based on open and well defined interfaces
that allows operators the freedom to buy components from
many competitive suppliers.
Larger product portfolio, simpler / cheaper networks and more
flexible service offerings are only some of the reasons
operators are excited about IMS.
Source [ ]
48
IMS IN 3G(R5) and 802.11e

Imagine a radio access network that provides
broadband access to users at home, in the office, in
areas under-served by wireline services and even to
users on the pause or on the move equipped with
portable devices like laptops, PDAs and smartphones.
WiMAX, which is based on IEEE 802.16e, can
provide a flexible radio access solution that offers
these features, based on an attractive full IP
architecture delivering the capacity required to
support wireless broadband services
DRAFT
Source [ ]
IMS network
One network provides

multiple things
For example:
Watch TV and use
Internet via cell phone
DRAFT
Source [ ]
49
3G and WiMAX are converging towards

OFDMA, IMS and an IP core
DRAFT
IMS
OFDMA, IP core
MIMO
Source [ ]
IEEE802.20
Mobile-Fi
DRAFT
Source [ ]
50
http://www.ieee802.org/20/
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) IEEE

802.20 (Mobile-Fi)
Aims to formulate a communication standard for a
packet-based air interface designed for IP-based
services.
The scope of the working group consists of the
physical (PHY), medium access control (MAC), and
logical link control (LLC) layers.
The air interface will operate in bands below 3.5 GHz
and with a peak data rate of over 1 Mbit/s.
DRAFT
The goals of 802.20 and 802.16e, the so-called

"mobile WiMAX", are similar. A draft 802.20
specification was balloted and approved on January
18th, 2006.
Source [ ]
51

802.20 (Mobile-Fi)
802.20 for systems less than 3.5GHz band;

250km/h support mobile high speed;
Spectrum efficiency than 1bit/s/Hz/cell;
DRAFT
System bandwidth into 1.25MHz, and 5MHz

Support downlink peak rates respectively 1Mbps and
coverage radius of less than 15km
can provide quality wireless VoIP business.
Source [ ]

802.20 (Mobile-Fi)
802.20 technically superior 3G obvious, but also
market its products will require some time, in the
short term can not shake the 3G market position.
DRAFT
However, in order to compete for future market,

3GPP and 3GPP2 two ISO, were launched LTE (Long
Term Evolution) and AIE (Air Interface Evolution)
research projects aimed at enhancing 3G technology
in broadband wireless access market
competitiveness. 802.20 physical layer and in their
technical and market goals very similar in future
market competition is extremely fierce.
Source [ ]
52

802.20 (Mobile-Fi)
Licensed bands below 3.5 GHz

IP data transport
1 Mbps
250 Km/h
Cell size up to 15 km
Competitor to 802.16, DSL and cable modems
DRAFT
Source [ ]
802.20 Mobile Broadband Wireless Access: Mobile-Fi
Broadband on the Run (up to 250 km/hr, 155mph)

Standard Air Interface for Mobile Broadband
Wireless Access Systems Supporting Vehicular
Mobility - Physical and Media Access Control Layer
Still being developed
DRAFT
Led by companies such as Flarion Technologies and

ArrayComm
Source [ ]
53
Motives behind 802.20

Packet based switching fabrics can move more bits at lower cost than TDM
fabrics
IP based control protocols can integrate media and services much more easily
than
the combination of circuit and packet technologies in use today.
Cell Phones are complex computing platforms that support the rich
applications
of the future.
All 3G wireless standards groups have agreed to use the IP based signaling
protocol SIP, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), for voice and multi-media
services.
DRAFT
Hybrid architectures covering Circuit and Packet signaling and inter-working are
complex and do not provide all of the Integration benefits.
New QoS definitions are needed for Lossy Real Time Services .
Current Wireless WAN, LAN, PAN and xAN standards do not fully meet users
needs.
Source [ ]
Peak data rate
Peak data rates

HSPA 2*5MHz FDD, WiMAX 10MHz TDD
HSPA Rel. 7
42 Mbps
64QAM*, 2x2 MIMO**
Downlink
32 Mbps
64QAM, 2x2 MIMO
HSPA today
14 Mbps
Downlink
WiMAX
HSPA Rel. 7
11.6 Mbps
16QAM, no MIMO
HSPA today
DRAFT
5.8 Mbps
Uplink
7.1 Mbps
Uplink
16QAM, no MIMO
WiMAX
2006
* QAM = Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
** MIMO = Multiple Input Multiple Output
2008
HSPA / FDD less waste than WiMAX / TDD

Source [ ]
54
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Benefits of OFDMA
Reduced in-cell self-interference in D/L

CDMA needs an equalizer for similar gain
Reduced in-cell self-interference in U/L

CDMA need MuD for similar gain
Enables dynamic scheduling in both the time

and frequency domain
CDMA schedules only in the time domain
Simplifies Broadcast mode

DRAFT
CDMA needs an equalizer for similar gain
Enables other-cell interference avoidance

Can have different re-use factors on certain tones
Scalable Bandwidth/efficient filtering

Finer
resolution
M.K. Nezami,
Ph.D./2007
1.25 MHz CDMA

Source
OFDMA hasthan
advantages,
especially on
UL[ ]
55
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Source [ ]
DRAFT
56
IEEE802.21
Freedom at last !
DRAFT
Source [ ]
What is 802.21
IEEE 802.21 is being developed to facilitate smooth interaction

and media independent handover between 802 technologies
and other access technologies.
IEEE 802.21 Membership spans over 70 members from more
that 20 companies in over 10 Countries.
DRAFT
IEEE 802.21 offers an open interface that:

provides link state event reporting in real time (Event
Service)
provides intersystem information, automatically and on
demand (Information Service)
allows an 802.21 user to control handover (Command
Service)
Source [ ]
57
Potential R&D
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Technology hype cycle
Peak of
Inflated
Expectations
Source: Mike Zastrocky,

The Gartner Group
Plateau of
Productivity
Positive
Hype
Negative
Hype
DRAFT
Trough of
Disillusionment
Slope of
Enlightenment
Technology
Trigger
Maturity
Source [ ]
58
Global Activities on Future Systems

North America
Geni/FIND activities on Post-IP
Research on systems beyond 3G
China
Dominated by global IT industry

IEEE activities in
Europe
IEEE 802.11a, b, g, h, n
IEEE 802.15
IEEE 802.16, a, d, e
IEEE 802.20
IEEE 802.21
UMTS
UMTS enhancements
Research on systems
beyond 3G in FP6
DRAFT
d 3G
prea
)
DMA
0, W C
a200
(cdm
n
Japa deployment of 3G
3G
yond
ts
3G anc em en s tems be G
r3
sy
h
E n earch on s al S upe
s
po
Re oM o pro
C
Do
Claims from start-ups and IT companies

to provide 4G solutions
3G licenses not yet granted

Research on beyond 3G in 863
FuTURE Project
Joint Research Center Shanghai
e-s
Flarion (Fast Low Latency Access with
h wid
ea
Seamless Handoff and OFDM)
Kor luctant witt
e)
06
Arraycomm advanced antenna technology
ivativ
e
st 20
n
R ploym e AX der , A ugu d 3G
and SDMA
iM as 4G
n
de
o
y
(W
e
Navini Networks Advanced beamforming
ted
iBro
ms b
W m onstra n s ys te
technology for range & coverage
de
rc h o
IP Wireless TD-CDMA with IP core network
a
e
s
e
Aperto Networks Fixed Broadband
R
Wireless Access vendor
CJK China, Japan, Korea
Redline Communications Fixed BWA
Cooperation on government level, one
Airspan Fixed BWA
working group on mobile
Alvarion Fixed BWA
Intel Active in 802.16 development and its
communication
Globally
promotion in WiMAX
Cooperation between SDOs
ITU-R Framework
Many activities are on short-range and WLAN
Recommendation
enhancements
WWRF, since 2001
Source [ ]
REMON Partners
DRAFT
Source [ ]
59
Consortium Mission
Achieve leadership in critical technologies essential to

next generation mobile communication
Development of strong IPR , technological assets and
know how by REMON Consortium partners
Implementation of unique building blocks enabling
substantial advantage in future market
Achieving influencing role in 4G standardization bodies
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Main R&D Clusters
Cluster 1
Cluster 2
Cluster 3
PHY &
Smart Ant
Smart MAC
& Protocols
RAN
Optimization
Runcom
Alvarion
Rafael
Celletra
ComSys
Alvarion
Rafael
Runcom
ComSys
Schema
Celletra
Cellcom
Runcom
Market Analysis & System Specification

DRAFT
DEMO
PHY &MIMO
MAC & Net

Simulation
Standards
Standards
Scenario
Simulation
Advanced RAN Demonstrator

Source [ ]
60
Components to Terminal & BTS

Advance Smart
DSP
d PHY Antenna platform
Alvarion
Cellcom
Smart
Ant.
Integrati
on
Celletra
MIMO
OFDM
Comsys
Rafael
DRAFT
Runcom
Schema
Smart
Ant.
Integrati
on
OFDMA MIMO
for
Mobile
Smart System & Spectrum

MAC &
User
Optimizati
Protocols
on
SMART Mobility
MAC
For
802.16
Future Test Bed
Services
Distribute
d
Coverage
Multimo
de
Platform
Smart
MAC for
Mobile
Network Adaptive
Simulato Optimizati
r
on
Source [ ]
Centre of Excellence in Wireless Technology (CEWiT)
DRAFT
A public-private initiative with funding from govt. and industry

currently located at IITM
Mission is to make India a global player in wireless space

Participate in international standardisation activities
Visit cewit.org.in for publications, presentations

A study of Broadband Wireless Technologies
Broadband Wireless System Requirements for India
HSDPA, EVDO, WiMAX,
Source [ ]
61
DRAFT
Source [ ]
Source [ ]
DRAFT
62
WLAN-3GPP2
STA/UE
Client
MIH
User
AP
3GPP 802.11
802.21
802.21
RAN
SGSN
PDG
GGSN
CoN
MIH
Server
802.11
URA_PCH
Associated
RLLEVENT
LLEVENT
LLEVENT
MIHEVENT
MIHCOMMAND
LLCOMMAND
CELL_DCH
ROUTING AREA UPDATE
LLEVENT
MIHEVENT
DRAFT
MIHCOMMAND
LLCOMMAND
Dissassociated
Routing Area
Source [ ]
63

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WiMAX and 3G Cellular:

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Potential new research and business developments.

The rapid evolution of wireless networking technologies has opened up new

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Data Transmission Speed - k bps

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Talk, listen, watch,

Higher Speed Demand

Current Wireless International Standards

Wireless Local Area Networks (IEEE802.11 WLAN)

Coverage and Mobility of current Systems

Data Rate (Mbps)

Coverage and Mobility of Current Systems

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Link Bit Rate Mbps

Coverage and Mobility of current Systems

Optical Connection to Homes

Low Mobility High Mobility

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Legacy Wireless Networks: 2G & 1G

GSM: Global System of Mobile communications/ 1992

CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access: IS-95/1993

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

WCDMA (UMTS) with HSDPA

HSDPA : High-Speed Downlink Packet Access

DL > 14.4 Mbps

LTE > 70Mbps

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Evolution of WLAN IEEE802.11x

Evolution of WLAN IEEE802.11x

Current View of Wireless Runners

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Transmission Technology behind WiMax and 4G

OFDM uses bandwidth which

Performance of Current Wireless Runners

11-54 Mbps shared

Up to 1.5 Mbps each

384 Kbps 2 Mbps

Fixed (Mobile - 16e)

2.4 GHz for 802.11b/g

2-11 GHz for 802.16a

802.16, 802.16a and 802.16

Intel, Fujitsu, Alcatel,

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Coverage and Throughput of Current Systems

2.4, 5.8 Ghz

M.K. Nezami, Ph.D./2007

Coverage and Throughput of Current Systems

2.4 GHz (ISM)

Fino a 10m (Short-range, NLOS

Tre classi di potenza <1mW, <2,5mW

802.16 - 2004 (WiMAX)

Fino a 50km, dimensione media di

Fino a 75 Mbps in canali da 20MHz

<100mW Indoor & outdoor 802.11g

23 canali in 802.11a e 3 canali in

Allocazione di banda flessibile e

802.11e sviluppa lo standard attualmente no QoS

QoS inclusa nel livello MAC

Piconetcom: nodo master e massimo 13 canali parzialmente sovrapposti,

2-6 GHz Licensed bands ( < 6 GHz)

< 3,5 GHz Licensed