=======

It is certified that this project entitled “YUVA” the

original work done by Mrs. Laxmi Dwivedi (TGT
S.Science) GGSSchool Saboli, Delhi-110093.

She has worked under my supervision and

completed it to my total satisfaction.

(Dr. K.S.RANA)
 I express my sincere gratitude to all those who
initiated and helped me in the successful completion of
my project. I acknowledge the implicit contribution of
the people who pioneered along with me in an assigning
this project. Sincere thanks and profound gratitude to my
guide Dr. K.S.Rana for helping me to carry out the
project work and for many valuable information while
bringing out this project finally. I am also greatly
indebted to all the concerned people for giving me very
useful and valuable suggestions during my task.

(Mrs. Laxmi Dwivedi)

(TGT S.Science)
G.G.Sec.School Saboli, Delhi-110093.
Submitted by: Mrs.Laxmi Dwivedi
T.G.T(Social Science)
G.G.S.S. SABOLI
Roll No.8
Centre: G.Sr.S.S.S.Nandnagri
B-Block
Delhi-110093.
……………………………
 : A curtain razor
The present Training Programme for Teacher is designed
to ensure that all Teachers are aware of, and are able to
implement the initiatives contained in the recently launched
YUVA scheme which is aimed at making learning joyful,
interesting are relevant.

A unique feature of Adolescence Education Programme

of YUVA is that it is as much for the teacher as for the students.
Teacher re thus not just a means to reach the student but an end
in themselves. Yuva will therefore empower the teacher first
with knowledge of his/her body and all other life skill and this
approach will from an integral part of the Training of Teacher.

The current training therefore covers important social and

developmental issues also such as female foeticide.

The Training programme cover:

1-Scholastic and Career issue including methods to study better,
time management, the need to balance work with play and sport
and long term goals.

2-Generic the life skills covering all the ten core life skills
identified by the WHO Regional Framework. Life skill are a
group of psycho social competencies and interpersonal skills
hat help people make informed decisions, solve problems, think
critically and creatively, communicate effectively, build healthy
relationship, empathize with others, and cope with and
management their lives in a healthy and productive manner.
3-Growing Up, and Health and Hygiene, including issues
related to puberty and body mapping.

4-Body image such as concepts of self worth and self esteem.

5-Nutrition and the crucial need for adequate and correct

nutrition at all ages.

6-Interpersonal Relationship and Effective Communication

covering ways to better understand other, to be assertive and
also to listen to others.

7-mental Health issue, ranging from how to face and manage

change and difficult situations, management of stress and
depression, to the need to always remain motivated and fly high
the kite of hope.

8-Danger of Substance Abuse such as alcohol and drug.

9-Adolescent and Sexual Reproductive issues covering gender

roles, abuse, responsible behavior, and myths and
misconceptions.

10-HIV/AIDS and STIs, awareness of these, and how they can

be avoided.

11- Yoga, Meditation and laughter therapy.

In addition to this, this programme employs a wide range

of methodologies such as role plays, motivational games,
project work, discussion, brainstorming and watching and
analyzing important films which have had positive learning
experiences.

Teachers will also update themselves on the features of

the school systems such as ;

1-The Midday meal programme.

2-On-Line admission of new students.
 3-Web-based monitoring of out of school children in
bridge courses.
4-The Dakiya Abhiyan to bring all children to school.
5-the decision to allow students to reappear in their final
exams to curb the drop out rate.
6-The provision of free textbooks and uniforms, stipends
to students and also recent initiatives of the department under
YUVA including Raksha whereby self-defense training is
compulsory for all girls from Standard-4 th and above.

1-In present scenarios member of opposite sex hesitate to

discuss issue related with sex and sexuality.

2- The detailed schedule was not provided well in time. In

addition to this, the study material was not enough to complete
the need of participants.

3- The timing of the programme was also not conducive.

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1- HOW LIFE SKILLS INTERACT WITH EACH OTHER:-
A: GREETING TO KNOW YOURSELF:
SELF-AWARNESS + CRITICAL THINKING

B: WORKING TOWARDS YOUR GOAL:

SELF-AWARNESS + CRITICAL THINKING + CREATIVE
THINKING
C:EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION:
CRITICAL THINKING + EMPATHY + CREATIVE THINKING

D: INTER-PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP
SELFAWARENESS + EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION +
EMPATHY
E: DECISION-MAKING
SELFAWARENESS + CRITICAL THINKING
F: PROBLEM SOLVING
CRITICAL THINKING + CRITICAL THINKING

G: SELF-AWARENESS
COPING WITH STRESS + COPING WITH EMOTIONS

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2-

1-Develop systematic Problems.

2-Identify stressful situations.
3-Define it as an objective, a problem that can be solved.
4-Brainstrom solutions – do not evaluate them.
5-Anticipate the possible outcomes to each solution.
6-Chose a solution and a solution and act on it.
7-Evaluate the result and start over again, if necessary.
8-Do not except to be perfect.
9- Improve your copying skill.
10-Find some one who successfully handless stress and
initiate him/her

ACTIVITY TO COPE WITH STRESS:-

1-Laugh hard as much as you can, see a comic/ cartoon film
and share a joke with a friend. They make effective
emergency substitutes to relief stress.
2-Do deep breathing.
3-Listen to music. Music has always had a smoothing effect.
4-Discover the yogi in you.
5-Eat right things. 6-Talk less Listen more.
7-Count your blessings.
8-Compare with yourself and see the changes.
9-Express your stress.
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3-

=================
(1)- HIV: HIV Or Human-immune- deficiency Virus
cause AIDS. It is tinny thousand times smaller than the
thickness of the hair and looks like a rollup porcupine. It
belongs to the family of viruses called RETROVIRUS. One
needs an election microscope to see them. They causes
different diseases in human beings, which include Measles,
Polio, Mumps, Common Cold and Influenza.

(2)- AIDS:- AIDS is a medical diagnosis for a combination

of symptoms, which results from a breakdown of the immune
system.

“A” = stands for Acquired: which means that it is obtained or

received by a person and is something, which is not
genetically inherited.
“ID”= stands for Immune Deficiency : which means there is a
deficiency in the immune system that the immune
system is weaken.
“S”= stands for Syndrome.

(3)-SYNDROME : The word syndrome is used to

emphasize that AIDS is not just one disease or symptom
but presents as a group of disease or symptoms . It can not
be diagnosed on the basis of one sign or symptom alone.
All the symptoms of AIDS such as high fever, diarrhea
and loss of weight can be symptoms of other disease too.
(4)- OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS:-

Infections that develop because HIV has

weakened the immune system are called
OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS. These includes
reparatory infections i.e. Tuberculosis, perumocystic cairn
pneumonia, gastrointestinal infection i.e. diarrhea and
certain types of brain infections. In India around 60% of
persons with AIDS develop TB. However, one must bear
in mind that all persons infected with TB do not have
AIDS.

(5)- HIV POSITIVE PERSON:-

A person who has the virus and is harboring

HIV infection . Such an individual is also identified or
called as a seer positive individual or HIV. This person
does not suffer from AIDS. An HIV positive individual
looks perfectly healthy and con work like a normal
person.

*** An HIV positive person may initially be perfectly

healthy but will eventually develop AIDS. A person with
HIV is said to have AIDS when his/her immune system
has totally broken down and does not respond to any
treatment. On an average a person stays- HIV positive for
a period of 7-8 years before developing AIDS.

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4-

GENERAL STATEMENTS:-
The Myths:
1-It is unhealthily for a girl to bath or enter a kitchen or play
sports during her menstrual period.
2-A girl can not get pregnant if she has sexual intercourse once
or occasionally.
3-Nocturnal emissions make boys weak.
4-Circumcision increases the virility or sexual power of man.
5-STIs can be cured easily.
6-All STIs can be cured.
7-Contraceptives such as I.U.D. and Pills protect woman from
getting HIV and sexually transmitted infections.
8-It is bad to have sex fantastic and mood changes during
adolescence.

FACTS AND MISCONCEPTIONS

The Facts:
ON GROWING UP AND STIS/ HIV/AIDS.

1- A girl can not get pregnant even if a boy does not ejaculate
or “come” inside her.
2- Men are likely know if they have an STIs than woman.
**************
5-

A serious health issue among adolescents. A large

proportion of the adolescent may be those who just use the
substance hut are yet dependent on them. They very from
recreational to harmful and hazardous drug users and require
different approaches to screening, diagnosis and management.
Substance use can lead to other risk taking behavior by
clouding the adolescents judgment.

WHY ADOLESCENTS USE SUBSTANCE?

Limitations of adult behavior ( use of legal substance)
Aggressive advertising by alcohol and tobacco companies.
Individual and social risk factors:-
1-Depression, low self esteem.
2-reduced school performance.
3-Worsening parent-child conflicts, family dysfunction.
4-Unexplained negative behavior.
5-Worsening communication skills.
6-perferenece for drug abusing pills.
7-Positive family history of drug use.
8-Run away behavior.
9-Conflicts with public officials.
10-Overt evidence of drug intoxication.
11-general accessibility of drug.
SOME OF THE COMMON CAUSES OF
SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG STUDENTS ARE :
1-Curiosity.
2-Pressure from friends.
3-Too much pocket money.
4-Escape from boredom.
5-Broken family.
6-lack of parental guidance.
7-Stress of growing up, failing exams, failed in love
relationship.
8-To escape reality.
9-Myths about drugs such as drugs cause happiness etc.

SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE:-

1-Decreased attention span.
2-poor memory skills.
3-Poor hygiene oral/General.
4-Nasal irritation at discharge.
5-Weight loss.
6-Emesis.
7-Hepatomegaly.
8-multiple skin bruises.
9-Various STDs.

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6-
Relationships play an important role in ones life. They are
the heart and soul of a human being. Experiences about the
relationship with their parents are necessary for the survival of
man who is a social animal.

Family is one of the important institutions with whom we

share a very intense relationship. The family comprises parents
and siblings. The family is the first source of social interaction
and the quality of attachment within the family plays an
important role in the over all social and emotional functioning
of the child.

TIPS TO IMPROVE COMMUNICATION WITH THE

PARENTS:

1- Be honest with you feelings. Your parents are a great source

of support and knowledge, but they do not know what is
going on in your life if do not tell them.

2- your parents upset you by setting a curfew or by grounding

you do not immediately become defensive. Make sure you talk
to your parents when you are not emotionally upset. If you start
yelling or crying you would not be able to express your
important feelings.

3-lmly tell your parents what is on your mind. You should

avoid the statement like “You do not give me enough freedom”
or you are never happy with anything I do. These type of
accusation statements will only cause more friction. Instead use
“I” statements such as “ when I go out with my friends, your
early curfew makes me feel as if you do not trust me” or
“sometimes I feel hurt when you do not give me credit for being
responsible”. These methods communicates your feelings
without blaming your parents.

4-sten to what your parents have to say. If your are

getting a chance to speak what is on your mind, it is only
fair to give the same opportunity to your parents. If you
listen to what they say you may learn what you have been
misinterpreting their feelings.

5-en your are talking to your parents, if they say

something you disagree with, do not immediately
overreact. Give them a chance to express their feelings
and then calmly explain why you may disagree with
them. Try to identify what you need from them and tell
them( They may not know)

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TECHNIQUESTOIMPROVE CONCENTRATION:

1-Study in a place with adequate light, ventilation and low noise

level to prevent distraction.
2-Study both in the morning and night.
3-Study at regular hours everyday.
4-Before starting to read, write down on a sheet of paper the
time you expect to finish.
5-Focus on one activity at a time reading only not reading while
seeing T.V.
6-Meditation, yoga, simple breathing exercises improve
concentration.

HOW TO IMPROVE MEMORY

1-Repeating the learnt material again and again.
2-Totally understanding what is read as it is connect to earlier
known information.
3-Summarizing.
4-Explaining in ones own words.
5-Discussing with friends.
6-Explaining to a friend who has not read the lesson.
7-Having a question answer session on it among friends.
8-Having mock questions with model questions.

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KEEPING THE ENVIRONMENT CLEAN.
The health of an individual a community or a country is
determined by the integration of ecological universes i.e; the
internal environment. Of man himself and the external
environment, which surrounds him/her.

The following are some of the strategies that can be

adopted by the students to prevent environment pollution and
conservation of natural resources.

1-Keeping the garbage in proper place containers at home and

in the school.

2-Avoiding disposal of waste on the road and public places.

3-Always carrying a cloth bag; this prevents accumulation of

plastic bags.

4-Developing habits of turning the lights off when not

necessary, this will save electricity.

5-Carrying necessary repairs wherever possible to prevent

wastage leaking taps.

6-Turning the tap off while brushing teethes and turning it on

again while rinsing.

7-Recycling as much as possible from used materials.

POLLUTION PREVENTION ARE :
BENEFITS OF ENVIRONMENT
1-Conservation of natural resources and energy.

2-Proper utilization of resources of energy, material and

resources.

3-Minimizing pollutants.

4-Prevents transfer of pollution from one medium to another.

5-Minimizes health risks.

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9-

=================
A healthy diet is the key to good health. A healthy diet can
be achieved via a blend of five basic food groups i.e.
Group 1-CEREALS ; provides carbohydrates for energy.
Group 2-FATS AND OILS; provides carbohydrates for energy.
Group 3-PULSES AND LEGUMES ; provides protein for
growth.
Group 4-MEAT FISH AND POULTRY; provide high quality
protein for physical and mental growth.
Group 5-FRUITS AND VEGETABLES; provides vitamins and
minerals for protection from diseases.

NEED TO EAT THE RIGHT FOOD DURING

ADOLOSCENCE
1-Helps to achieve rapid growth and full potential .
2-Helps in timely sexual maturation.
3-Ensures adequate calcium deposition in the bones and helps
in achieving normal bone strength.
4-Estabilishes good eating habits and set the tone of the life
time of healthy eating, this prevents obesity, osteoporosis other
diseases in later life.
THE BEST NUTRITION ADVICE TO KEEP YOUR
ADOLESCENT HEALTHY INCLUDES
ENCOURAGING HIM / HER:
1-Eats a variety of foods
2-Balance the food you eat with physical activity
3-Choose a diet with plenty of grain products, vegetables and
fruits. 4-Choose a diet low in fat, saturated fat and cholesterol.

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10-

----------------------
Adolescent is the second most critical period of physical
growth in life cycle after achieving puberty, it is a significant
period for physical growth and sexual maturation.

Malnutrition and anemia are largely a by product of

poverty, ignorance, inefficient education, lack of knowledge
regarding nutritive values off foods large family size etc.

More than half of the adolescent girls suffer from anemia

because of poor consumption of iron rich foods and also due to
worm infestation and frequent infections.

WHAT IS ANEMIA ?
Our blood contains a red pigment called hemoglobin
which carries oxygen and is rich in iron. Fe deficiency in the
diet leads to nutritional anemia, which in turn leads to loss of
oxygen carrying capacity of the blood due to deficiency on
hemoglobin.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

1-Tiredness and weakness
2-Breathlessness
3-Lack of concentration
4-Pale face, nails ,tongue and conjunctiva of the eyes.
5-Reduced capacity to do work.
EFFECTS OF ANEMIA

1-Decreased learning ability

2-Lower school achievements low capacity to do work
3-An increased risk to pregnant girl (in India 20-40%) of
maternal deaths are due to anemia.
4-Miscarriages, low birth weight baby, premature
labours.

PREVENTION OF ANEMIA:

Anemia can be protected by encouraging students to

consume iron rich diet like green vegetables,
wholegrains, nuts, jaggery, meat, complemented with
vitamin-c rich foods like citrus fruits amla, guava etc.

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 11-

============================
To ask in the classroom to think of a woman who has
achieved something in the following spheres of life, and write
them on the board:-

1-The local community. 2-The government.

3-The nation. 4-Sports.
5-Entertainment. 6-Family.
7-Politics. 8-Literature.
NOTES:
1-People should be respected for their achievements and
strength and not by their sex.
2-Men and women are both essential in society.
3-Some task can only be done by a women i.e. Breast feeding,
childbirth etc.
4-Some task which are normally done by men can be done by
women i.e. Office work, Pilot etc.

Like the session with female feticide, birth bride burning,

the lower status of women and the existing adverse sex ratio in
some states:
1-Women from half the population of the world and have
an important role in society.
2-Sicne women are considered physically weaker than a
man they are often taken advantage of.
3-A world without women cannot exist.
4-Female feticide and other gender based crime and
adversely affecting the male/female ratio.

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