TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT BY THERMOCOUPLE

AIM:
To measure temperature using thermometer and 3 type thermocouple apparatus and
Compare the results
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
Temperature indicator
Temperature source
Thermocouple
Thermometer
FORMULA USED :
Error = V
a
V
i

% Error = Error
-------------- x 100
V
a

Where V
a
is the actual temperature
V
i
is the thermocouple indiacted temperature
THEORY :
The basic principle of thermocouple is when two dissimilar metals are joined
together. An e.m.f will exist between the two points A and B,which is primarily a function
of the junction Temperature. The above principle is called see back effect The thermocouple
consists of one hot junction and one cold junction. The hot junction will Be introduced into the
place where temperature is to be measured.The other cold junction is Maintained at constant
reference temperature.Also one voltage measuring instrument is connected To the free ends of
the thermocouple.
In thermocouple the known temperature is called reference temperature.The
temperature Which is to be measured is introduced in the thermocouple hot junction
A common arrangementfor establishing the reference temperature is ice bath.The reference
Temperature is controlled to be at a constant temperature is at 0 C The temperature difference
between the Ice bath and the Hot junction temperaturewill create An e.m.f.This e.m.f production
is measured in the mill voltmeter.So this change in e.m.f Rate will give the measure of
temperature.
PROCEDURE
1. Clean the instrument and its accessories by finecooton cloth.
2. Check connection made and switch on the instrumentby rocker switch.
3. The display glows to indicate is on.
4. Allow the instruments in on position for 10 minutes for initial warm up.
5. Fill around 3/4
th
full of water to the kettleand place the thermometer and and thermocouple
Inside the kettle
6.Note down the initial water temperature from the thermometer.Adjustthe initial set
potentiometer in the front panel till the display reads initial water temperature
7.Switch on the kettle and wait till the water boils notedown the thermometer reading and set
Potentiometer till the display reads boiling water temperature.
8. Remove the thermometer and temperature sensor from the Kettle and change the water and
replace The thermometer reading and set final set potentiometer till the display reads boiling
water Temperature
9. Switch on the kettle and note down the reading for every 10 intervaland tabulate the
readings
10. Plot the graphs between actual reading Vs indicator reading.
TABULATION
S.NO Actual temperature ( V
a
)
Thermocouple Indicated
temperature (V
i
)
Error
% Error
RESULT:
Thus the performance test on Thermocouple trainer has been Performed.