S.

30 Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013

B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Code No.: R22042/R10
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations
April - 2012
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES
( Common to ECE, EIE )
Time: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
- - -
1. (a) State Coulombs law of force between any two point charges and indicate the units of the quantities in the force
equation.(Unit-I, Topic No. 1.1)
(b) A point charge Q
1
= 10 C is located at P(1, 2, 3) in free space, while Q
2
= 5 C is at P
2
(1, 2, 10).
(i) Find the vector force exerted on Q
2
by Q
1
.
(ii) Find the coordinates of P
3
at which a point charge Q
3
experience no force. [7+8] (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.1)
2. (a) Derive equation of continuity for static magnetic fields. (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.2)
(b) Derive an expression for magnetic field strength H, due to a current carrying conductor of finite length placed
on Y-axis at point P in the X-Z plane and r distance from the origin. Hence deduce the expression for H due to
semi-finite length of the conductor. [6+9] (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.1)
3. (a) What is the continuity equation? Derive it from the basics and describe all its forms. (Unit-III, Topic No. 3.3)
(b) In a material for which = 5.0 (m)
1
and
r
= 1, the electric field intensity is E = 250 sin 10
10
t V/m. Find the
conduction and displacement current densities and the frequency at which they have equal magnitudes. [7+8]
(Unit-III, Topic No. 3.2)
4. (a) Derive wave equation for a conducting medium. (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.2)
(b) A plane wave is propagating in a medium having the properties
r
= 4,
r
= 36, = 1s/m the
E = 100e
az
cos(10
9
t-z) a
x
V/m, determine associated magnetic field. [7+8] (Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.2)
5. (a) Show that in a good conductor, the skindepth is always much shorter than the wave length.
(Unit-IV, Topic No. 4.2)
(b) An EM wave travelling in air is incident normally on a boundary between air and a dielectric having permeabil-
ity same as free space and permittivity as 4. Prove that one-ninth of the incident power is reflected and eight-
ninths of it is transmitted into the second medium. [7+8] (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.5)
6. (a) Explain and sketch the nature of variations of attenuation with frequency in a parallel plate wave guide for TE,
TM and TEM waves. (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.2)
(b) When a wave of 6 GHz is to be propagated between two parallel conducting plates separated by 60 mm, find the
modes that will propagate through the guide [7+8] (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.3)
7. (a) What are the different types of losses in transmission lines? (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.1)
(b) A co-axial cable has following parameters Z
0
= 50 ohms, L = 20 KM if the power input is 1 watt and the
attenuation constant is 1.5dB/km. Find the output power of the cable provided it is terminated by Z
0
. Also
determine the output current. [7+8] (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.7)
8. (a) Explain clearly why the short circuited stub are preferred over to open circuited stubs? (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.4)
(b) Derive the expression for the input impedance of a loss-less line. Hence evaluate Z
OC
and Z
OC
and sketch their
variation with line length. [6+9] (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.1)
Se t - 4
S o l u t i o n s
S. 31 Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines (April-2012, Set-4) JNTU-Kakinada
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Q1. (a) State Coulombs law of force between
any two point charges and indicate the
units of the quantities in the force
equation.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q1(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-I, Q1,
(b) A point charge Q
1
= 10 C is located at
P(1, 2, 3) in free space, while Q
2
= 5 C is
at P
2
(1, 2, 10).
(i) Find the vector force exerted on Q
2
by Q
1
.
(ii) Find the coordinates of P
3
at which a
point charge Q
3
experience no force.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q1(b) M[8]
For answer refer Unit-I, Q4.
Q2. (a) Derive equation of continuity for static
magnetic fields.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q2(a) M[6]
For answer refer Unit-II, Q14.
(b) Derive an expression for magnetic field
strength H, due to a current carrying
conductor of finite length placed on
Y-axis at point P in the X-Z plane and r
distance from the origin. Hence deduce
the expression for H due to semi-finite
length of the conductor.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q2(b) M[9]
For answer refer Unit-II, Q10.
Q3. (a) What is the continuity equation?
Derive it from the basics and describe
all its forms.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q3(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-III, Q17.
(b) In a material for which = 5.0 ( m)
1
and

r
= 1, the electric field intensity is E = 250
sin 10
10
t V/m. Find the conduction and
displacement current densities and the
frequency at which they have equal
magnitudes.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q3(b) M[8]
Given that,
Conductivity, = 5.0 s/m
Relative permittivity,
r
= 1
Electric field intensity, E = 250 sin 10
10
tV/m
(i) Conduction current density, J
C
= ?
(ii) Displacement current density, J
D
= ?
(iii) Frequency of equal magnitude of conduction
and displacement current densities, f = ?
(i) The conduction current density is given by,
J
C
= E = 5 250 sin 10
10
t
J
C
= 1250 sin 10
10
t (A/m
2
)
(ii) Displacement Current Density
The displacement current density, J
D
=
0

r
t
E

J
D
= (8.854 10
12
1)
t

[250 sin 10
10
t]
= 8.854 10
12
10
10
250 cos10
10
t
J
D
= 22.135 cos 10
10
t (A/m
2
)
(iii) The condition for both the current densities to have
equal magnitude is,

D
C
J
J
=

= 1
=
or
=

=
12
10 854 . 8
0 . 5

= 5.64 10
11
rad/s
f =

2
=
14 . 3 2
10 64 . 5
11

= 8.980 10
10
HZ
f = 89.8 GHz.
SOLUTIONS TO APRIL-2012, SET-4, QP
S. 32 Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2013
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Q4. (a) Derive wave equation for a conducting
medium.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q4(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-IV, Q16.
(b) A plane wave is propagating in a medium
having the properties
r
= 4,
r
= 36, = 1s/m
and theE = 100e
az
cos(10
9
t- z) a
x
V/m,
determine associated magnetic field.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q4(b) M[8]
Given that,
For a plane wave in a medium,
Permittivity,
r
= 36
Permeability,
r
= 4
Electric field, E = 100 e
az
cos(10
9
t-z) a
x
Conductivity, = 1 s/m
Magnetic field = ?
Relation between electric field and magnetic
field is,
=
max
max
H
E
Where is an intrinsic impedance,
=
r
r

0
0
=
36
36
10
4 10 4
9
7

= 40 = 125.664
= 125.664
H
max
=

max
E
H
max
=
664 . 125
100
az
e
= 0.795 e
az
The expression of magnetic field of an EM wave is,
H= H
max
cos (t z) a
y
V/m
H = 0.795 e
az
cos(10
10
t z) a
y
V/m
Q5. (a) Show that in a good conductor, the skin
depth is always much shorter than
the wave length.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q5(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-IV, Q22.
(b) An EM wave travelling in air is incident
normally on a boundary between air
and a dielectric having permeability
same as free space and permittivity as
4. Prove that one-ninth of the incident
power is reflected and eight-ninths of it
is transmitted into the second medium.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q5(b) M[8]
For answer refer Unit-V, Q22.
Q6. (a) Explain and sketch the nature of varia-
tions of attenuation with frequency in a
parallel plate wave guide for TE, TM and
TEM waves.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q6(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-VI, Q16.
(b) When a wave of 6 GHz is to be propa-
gated between two parallel conducting
plates separated by 60 mm, find the
modes that will propagate through the
guide.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q6(b) M[8]
For answer refer Unit-VI, Q19.
Q7. (a) What are the different types of losses in
transmission lines?
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q7(a) M[7]
For answer refer Unit-VII, Q4.
(b) A co-axial cable has following param-
eters Z
0
= 50 ohms, L = 20 KM if the power
input is 1 watt and the attenuation con-
stant is 1.5 dB/km. Find the output power
of the cable provided it is terminated
by Z
0
. Also determine the output current.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q7(b) M[8]
Given that,
Characteristic impedance, Z
0
= 50
Attenuation constant, = 1.5 dB/km
Length of the cable, L = 20 km
Power input, P
i
= 1 Watt
Output power, P
0
=?
Output current, I
0
= ?
S. 33 Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission Lines (April-2012, Set-4) JNTU-Kakinada
B.Tech. II-Year II-Sem. ( JNTU-Kakinada )
Attenuation for full length, l = 1.5 20 = 30 dB
= 30 0.1151 neper
= 3.45 neper
The attenuation constant, is given by, = ln
0
I
I
s
3.45= ln
0
I
I
s

0
I
I
s
= e
3.45
= 31.5

0
P
P
i
=
2
0

I
I
s
= (31.5)
2
= 992.25
P
0
=
25 . 992
i
P
=
25 . 992
1
= 1.008 mW
P
0
=
0
2
0
Z I

2
0
I =
0
0
Z
P
I
0
=
0
0
Z
P
=
50
10 008 . 1
3

= 4.49 mA
I
0
= 4.49 mA
Q8. (a) Explain clearly why the short circuited stub are preferred over to open circuited stubs?
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q8(a) M[6]
For answer refer Unit-VIII, Q17.
(b) Derive the expression for the input impedance of a loss-line. Hence evaluate Z
OC
and Z
OC
and
sketch their variation with line length.
Answer : April-12, Set-4, Q8(b) M[9]
Note: Z
SC
and Z
OC
is misprinted as Z
OC
and Z
OC
.
For answer refer Unit-VIII, Q6.